bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Authors: Cerny Philip G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the primary theme of the book, which is that the fundamental underpinnings of world politics are being transformed in a globalizing world. It then discusses domestic politics and international relations in the study of political science; plurality, pluralism, and political theory; social conflict, stability, and globalization; and interest groups and the globalization process. An overview of the subsequent chapters is presented.
Chapter 3 Space, Territory, and Functional Differentiation
Authors: Cerny Philip G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis chapter presents a reinterpretation of the way we understand the history and development of different forms of bordering and stratification, of territorial enclosure and the opening of crosscutting spaces, in this complex world; in particular, the relationship between social, economic and political processes, on the one hand, and geographical conceptions of space and territory on the other. The increasing interlinking and interpenetration of “horizontal” forms of social stratification, economic markets, and political structures, increasingly problematizes that traditional “container” of political systems and processes, the nation-state; not doing away with the state, but enmeshing it in expanding webs of social, political, and economic identities, patterns of behavior, and political action that transform its role and function in the wider transnational and global context.
Chapter 4 Reconfiguring Power in a Globalizing World
Authors: Cerny Philip G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis chapter identifies a range of ways in which the character of power itself is being transformed by globalization. Today, the international system is undergoing a fundamental process of structural change that is transforming the way power is conceived, shaped, built up, organized, and used. This process of the reconfiguration of power increasingly cuts across state borders and is embedded in new but still embryonic forms of global governance, reflecting the sort of “higher” normative values that domestic actors have always pursued at home, shaped by transnational interests and global civil society rather than interstate conflict, organized through transnational and transgovernmental networks rather than unified foreign policy elites and military command structures, and informed by a growing sense that the use of force is becoming increasingly counterproductive in an international system characterized by complex interdependence; and, indeed, that international power must be increasingly civilianized and domesticated to be both effective and legitimate in a globalizing world. Given the increasingly counterproductive and delegitimized character of power in a globalizing world, transnational actors linked across borders are not merely taking advantage of new permissive conditions but are driving further change, both proactively and in feedback fashion.
Chapter 10 Some Pitfalls of Democratization in a Globalizing World
Authors: Cerny Philip G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis chapter highlights some of the issues in the analysis and understanding of democracy, and poses the question of whether they make the prospect of global democracy illusory, on the one hand, or illuminate the path to that goal on the other, in the context of the continuing uneven pluralization of world politics. The author expresses skepticism as to whether the outcome will look like democracy as we have known it, or even whether democratization as such is becoming the kind of dominant global political process we would all like it to be. In setting out this argument, the chapter outlines five main problems and potential pitfalls of overegging the democratic pudding in today's world: historical trajectories, democratic stability/instability, the philosophical and normative substance of democracy itself, the question of “Who democratizes?” and the problem of institutionalization.
Repitools: an R package for the analysis of enrichment-based epigenomic data
Authors: Statham Aaron L. , Strbenac Dario , Coolen Marcel W. , Stirzaker Clare , Clark Susan J. , Robinson Mark D. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Summary: Epigenetics, the study of heritable somatic phenotypic changes not related to DNA sequence, has emerged as a critical component of the landscape of gene regulation. The epigenetic layers, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and nuclear architecture are now being extensively studied in many cell types and disease settings. Few software tools exist to summarize and interpret these datasets. We have created a toolbox of procedures to interrogate and visualize epigenomic data (both array- and sequencing-based) and make available a software package for the cross-platform R language.
Availability: The package is freely available under LGPL from the R-Forge web site (http://repitools.r-forge.r-project.org/)
Contact: mrobinson@wehi.edu.au
An Industrial Relations Perspective on Employee Participation
Authors: Ackers Peter 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Industrial relations (IR) has two historical meanings. In one usage, the term describes public policy and the employment practices of employers and unions. But IR also refers to a specific academic perspective, centred on certain normative and theoretical principles. This article traces the argument between the British theorists of mainstream IR realism and their utopian ‘workers control’ protagonists. In the background, outside the mainstream IR community, runs a third, largely forgotten and widely despised, managerial, or unitarist view of organizational participation, as practiced on an ad hoc basis by a deviant group of British employers over the years and theorized by the human relations school from 1940s onwards. The approach here is highly selective and illustrative, rather than comprehensive. This article gives six historical examples of British IR approaches to organizational participation, which demonstrate the long and recurring intellectual dispute between radical utopians and pluralist realists.
Worker Directors and Worker Ownership/Cooperatives
Authors: Markey Raymond , Balnave Nicola , Patmore Greg 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Employee participation in organizational decision making at the strategic management level is manifested in two main ways: first, employee representatives sitting alongside shareholder representatives on the boards of public companies and state-owned enterprises; and second, producer cooperatives in which the workers own the organization. Producer cooperatives are also likely to have extensive employee representation on their boards. However, the two forms of participation fundamentally differ. Employee representation on the boards of public companies and state-owned enterprises constitutes employee participation as employees, in common with the other forms of participation examined here. Producer cooperatives owned by the employees constitutes participation as owners. This article separately examines these two approaches to employee participation in organizational decision making at the strategic management level. It then analyses the incidence and effectiveness of each form of participation. The article concludes with general observations about the comparative viability and basis for each form.
Financial Participation
Authors: Kessler Ian 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Financial participation is a mechanism by which employees are provided with a stake in the performance or ownership of an organization. This stake is reflected in remunerative arrangements, typically in the form of a payment linked to a corporate outcome measure or to an allocation of shares in the company. This article presents a structured and systematic overview of the character, use, and consequences of financial participation, with a view to exploring the contributions made by these different research communities to ongoing debate and understanding. In doing so, it also provides a map to facilitate movement through the considerable volume of material on the topic. The article considers the approaches to financial participation, the adoption of schemes, and the outcomes of various kinds.
Voice in the Wilderness? The Shift From Union to Non‐Union Voice in Britain
Authors: Gomez Rafael , Bryson Alex , Willman Paul 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article deals with the emergence, presence, and gradual transformation of workplace voice in Britain. Britain is an interesting case because it has sustained one of the longest and most prolonged falls in union representation in the Western world. Some have interpreted this as a move away from institutionalized voice by both workers and employers in the face of global product market competition and attendant needs for greater labour flexibility. The article shows that union collective representation has been supplanted by non-union voice in new workplaces and, where union voice persists in older workplaces, it has been supplemented by non-union voice. The absence of formal voice in a significant minority of workplaces can be linked to certain observable firm characteristics, such as size, network externalities, ownership, and age of enterprise. The article defines workplace voice by partially drawing on insights from consumer theory, industrial organization, and transaction-cost economics.
High Involvement Management and Performance
Authors: Wood Stephen 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The study of high-involvement management has been part of the wider human resource management (HRM)-performance research stream. The studies in the stream differ in their foci, measures of practices, and performance measures, as well as in their samples and methods of data collection. The results vary across studies, including across performance measures in the individual studies. This article first introduces the concept of high-involvement management as a form of participation and then the key studies that have directly measured it to show how they have explored it and its links to performance. It then compares the results of these studies with others within the HRM-performance research stream to see if they reveal stronger performance relationships than do these others.
Freedom, Democracy, and Capitalism
Authors: Archer Robin 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Ever since the Enlightenment, if not before, the idea of individual freedom has provided a basic ethical reference point against which the legitimacy of social and political institutions has been judged. This article appeals to an idea that is often thought to be a necessary element of the concept of freedom and which has a strong intuitive appeal. The idea, that an individual can only be free to the extent that his or her choices govern his or her actions, underpins one of the principle arguments for democracy. The article sets out the basic features of this argument. It then seeks to show that it applies not just to political institutions, but also to many other kinds of associations and, in particular, to economic enterprises. The article proposes to show that the same basic ethical commitments which lead to the promotion of political democracy should lead to the promotion of economic democracy.
Overview
Authors: Coen David , Grant Wyn , Wilson Graham 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The Overview to this book starts by explaining the development of the field of the study of the relationship between business and government. Both, it states, are major forces in our lives, locked in a relationship with each other. The nature of that relationship varies across countries, over time, and between different sectors of the economy. The concern of this book is with the efficacy of the relationship between business and government. This book reviews the state of the literature across a number of disciplines, but it also identifies areas for future work.
Business Studies
Authors: Story Jonathan , Lawton Thomas 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article takes the position that strategy and policy must be seen as complementary because they provide a different lens to look on the future as the holism through which current resources in the firm are developed and allocated. It starts with time as the key variable to consider, and sketches a stylized survey of how corporate strategy thinking has evolved, with a view to teasing out the key tensions that businesses encounter when operating in a semi-integrated world market and polity. It then looks closer at the relation between corporate policies and the diversity of states, discusses the evolution of the global state and market system, and spells out some of the key challenges facing corporate leaders making strategies and policies to both shape and understand the future.
The Political Theory of the Firm
Authors: Hart David M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article argues for balancing corporate personhood—or, more precisely, the unitary rational actor political theory of the firm, which predominates in the social science literature—with two other theories of the firm that have not yet been as fully developed. These alternatives treat the firm as a complex nexus of contracts among individual rational actors or as a set of organizational routines enacted by individuals playing roles. Although the three theories sometimes yield conflicting hypotheses, they more often direct analytical attention to different phenomena. From this perspective, as the article argues, they are, at the broadest level, complementary, like the blind men who feel different parts of the elephant in the Indian folk tale.
The Rise of the Regulatory State
Authors: Moran Michael 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The relationship between the American regulatory state and the business enterprise is strikingly distinctive, viewed comparatively. The simplest, but perhaps the most important, indicator of distinction is that this is a relationship with deep historical roots. The pre-industrial American economy was one where the state was closely involved directly in the conduct of economic life, for instance in the chartering of corporations. But the relationship with business took a special turn in the closing decades of the nineteenth century. That special turn was a reaction to a great economic revolution which spanned the generation following the end of the Civil War.
International Standards and Standard‐Setting Bodies
Authors: Büthe Tim , Mattli Walter 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Setting standards is an important means for shaping the behavior of firms and other economic actors. Governments may or may not be directly involved in this element of the governance of markets, though compliance with, or implementation of, a standard is often a function of public policy and business–government relations at other stages of the “regulatory process,” consisting of agenda setting, negotiation of standards, implementation, monitoring, and enforcement. This article first differentiates two key problems that arise from economic interdependence which are commonly solved or ameliorated through standards. It then sketches how the international integration of product and financial markets has internationalized these problems and led to a shift from local and domestic to international standard setting. It then differentiates and discusses the operation of four types of bodies that set standards for the international economy.
Taming Globalization?
Authors: Vogel David 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article explores the political dynamics of new forms of transnational non-state governance designed to make global firms more responsible and accountable. It begins by defining “civil regulation,” describing its growth and placing its development, structure, and purposes in a broader historical and institutional context. It then explains the development of civil regulation as a response to the shortcomings of the global and national governance of global firms and markets. The third section describes how various policy entrepreneurs, led by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and often supported by some national governments and international organizations, have, through a complex process of conflict and cooperation, persuaded large numbers of global firms to accept non-state regulatory standards.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Government
Authors: Moon Jeremy , Kang Nahee , Gond Jean‐Pascal 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article is about corporate social responsibility (CSR) and aims to distinguish different types of CSR–government relationship and to understand these in the context of broader state roles and government–business relations. It investigates these relationships comparatively, historically, and in terms of new institutionalism. It does so comparatively by investigating CSR and government in four types of political system on the assumption that CSR reflects features of respective national business systems, or varieties of capitalism, in which government roles are critical. Thus it considers CSR in the USA, in Europe, in the transitional economies of East Asia, Eastern Europe, and South Africa, and globally. The article's special focus on the USA is justified because, although business responsibilities have long existed throughout the world, in America the concept of CSR emerged as a basis for reflection on its relation to the wider purpose of the firm in the context of institutions of governance.
Network Utilities
Authors: Chick Martin 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The largest section of the industrial economy of most persistent concern to governments is that of the network-containing industries (electricity, water, telecommunications, gas, trams and light railways, railways, post and telecommunications). These industries have been at the heart of political debate concerning forms of ownership (nationalization, privatization) and economists and politicians have frequently been at odds over the appropriate pricing and investment rules, and industrial structure for such industries. Often characterized by lumpy, sunk distribution and transmission investments giving rise to natural monopoly characteristics and enjoying large potential economies of scale, investment in these industries has consistently outpaced that in manufacturing industry.
Formal Modeling, Strategic Behavior, and the Study of American Elections
Authors: Aldrich John H. , Lupia Arthur 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article examines the contributions of formal modeling to the study of American elections and voting behavior. It concentrates on strategic voting and voter competence for which formal models have been used to explain complex, subtle, and important patterns of behavior that other theories did not explain well. It then tries to clarify the broader potential contributions of the method to the study of voting behavior. Moreover, it provides a brief discussion of the likely role of formal modeling in future voting behavior scholarship. In so doing, it presents examples of current scholarly pursuits whose precision and validity could be improved by greater clarity about assumptions and logical transparency in inference. Formal models provide a rigorous means for converting knowledge from fields such as social or cognitive psychology into more effective research designs and stronger conclusions about why voters act as they do.
The American Voter
Authors: Jacoby William G. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Ever since the appearance of The American Voter, there has been a general consensus among political scientists that three variables stand out as the most critical proximal influences on voting: personal attachments to political parties; individual reactions to public policy controversies; and evaluations of the candidates' personal characteristics. The theoretical importance of party identification stems from its temporal stability and broad influence across a range of other political beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. It is also significant because partisan attachments help to integrate individuals into the political world. Feelings about the candidates comprise a very reasonable heuristic device for cutting through the complexities that abound in any election campaign. The American Voter emphasized the importance of election-specific ‘short-term forces’.
Constructing The Vote
Authors: Armoudian Maria , Crigler Ann N. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article explores the changing nature of the media's power to influence electoral decision making, reviewing the vast research on the effects of media content, including agenda-setting, priming, persuasion, learning, and the influence of visual and emotional cues on information seeking and opinion formation. The internet and expanded sources of political information such as soft news and entertainment programs are making the construction of political messages and meaning more dynamic and participatory. Appearing on talk shows and entertainment programs helps candidates relate to voters personally and add emotional dimensions that become critical to voters' candidate evaluations. Constructionist perspective argues that socioeconomic conditions, institutions, culture, and emotions all shape the activities and communications of content providers, campaigns, and audiences. The media play an important and evolving role in American elections.
Gauging the God Gap: Religion and Voting in US Presidential Elections
Authors: Green John C. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Worship attendance is typically understood as a measure of religious commitment. The relevance of the attendance gaps can be easily illustrated for the 2004 presidential election. The attendance gaps appeared to have increased in size toward the end of the twentieth century. Three strands of the literature help explain how worship attendance can be politicized: through religious traditions, religious beliefs, and religious engagement. These three strands are discussed separately. The God gap suggests new avenues of future research on religion and politics.
The Study of Local Elections in American Politics
Authors: Marschall Melissa J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article reviews four explanations for why participation and urban politics scholars have largely ignored local elections and outlines the themes of volume and variation in describing the landscape of local government and local elections. The landscape of local governments and elections in the US is described. Research on local elections and local electoral behavior can be divided into two main types: macro-level studies that treat the local jurisdiction as the unit of analysis, and micro-level studies that treat the individual as the unit of analysis. At present, the literature does a reasonable job explaining post hoc which groups supported minority candidates in specific elections, but is very far from predicting when and where minority candidates succeed, let alone when and where they will emerge as serious challengers.
Money and American Elections
Authors: Powell Lynda W. , Wilcox Clyde 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article briefly describes some rules relevant to money in American elections. Campaign finance regulations can be categorized as: spending, source prohibitions, contribution limits, public funding, and disclosure. Two problems plague research on the impact of campaign finance laws. First, new regulations are not necessarily exogenous to the political process. Second, laws may appear to constrain donating or fundraising more than they actually do because of readily available equivalent alternatives for making contributions. Most interest groups are not active in elections, and some that are active do not contribute or spend money. The impacts of money on policy are described. Solving both measurement and statistical problems is central to understanding questions of influence in both elections and in governmental process at both national and state levels. Normatively, evaluating the representational quality of democracy rests on these understandings.