bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there a role for free breathing non-contrast steady-state free precession renal MRA imaging for assessing live donors? A preliminary study
Authors: Laurence I , Ariff B , Quest R A , Moser S , Glover A , Taube D , Gishen P , Papalois V , Juli C 
Published: February 2012

Objective: Accurate pre-operative evaluation of renal vascular anatomy is essential for successful renal harvest in live donor transplantation. Non-contrast renal MR angiographic (MRA) techniques are potentially well suited to the screening of donors; however, their restricted imaging field of view (FOV) has previously been an important limitation. We sought to assess whether the addition of a large FOV balanced fast field echo (BFFE) steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence to non-contrast SSFP MRA could overcome this problem. Comparison with contrast-enhanced MRA (CE MRA) and findings at surgery were performed.
Methods: 22 potential renal donors each underwent SSFP and CE MRA. 11 out of 22 potential donors subsequently underwent a donor nephrectomy.
Results: All images were diagnostic. Both SSFP MRA and CE MRA identified an equal number of arteries. Surgery confirmed two accessory renal arteries, both demonstrated with both imaging techniques. A third accessory vessel was identified with both techniques on a kidney contralateral to the donated organ. 6 out of 11 procured kidneys demonstrated early branch arteries at surgery, 5 out of 6 of which had been depicted on both SSFP and CE MRA. The median grading of image quality for main renal arteries was slightly better for CE MRA (p=0.048), but for accessory vessels it was better for SSFP MRA.
Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that by combining free-breathing SSFP MRA with large-FOV bFFE images, an accurate depiction of renal vascular anatomy without the need for intravenous contrast administration can be obtained, as compared with surgical findings and CE MRA.
Prediction of incident hip fracture by femoral neck bone mineral density and neck–shaft angle: a 5-year longitudinal study in post-menopausal females
Authors: Gnudi S , Sitta E , Pignotti E 
Published: February 2012

Objective: To compare hip fracture incidence in post-menopausal females who were differently stratified for the fracture risk according to bone mineral density and proximal femur geometry.
Methods: In a 5 year follow-up study, the hip fracture incidence in 729 post-menopausal females (45 of whom suffered from incident hip fracture) was assessed and compared. Forward logistic regression was used to select independent predictors of hip fracture risk, including age, age at menopause, height, weight, femoral neck bone mineral density (FNBMD), neck–shaft angle (NSA), hip axis length, femoral neck diameter and femoral shaft diameter as covariates. Fracture incidence was then calculated for the categories of young/old age, high/low FNBMD and wide/narrow NSA, which were obtained by dichotomising each hip fracture independent predictor at the value best separating females with and without a hip fracture.
Results: The hip fracture incidence of the whole cohort was significantly higher in females with a wide NSA (8.52%) than in those with a narrow NSA (3.51%). The combination of wide NSA and low FNBMD had the highest hip fracture incidence in the whole cohort (17.61%) and each age category. The combinations of narrow/wide NSA with low/high FNBMD, respectively, gave a significantly higher fracture incidence in older than in younger women, whereas women with a combined wide NSA and low FNBMD had no significantly different fracture incidence in young (14.60%) or old age (21.62%).
Conclusion: Our study showed that NSA is effective at predicting the hip fracture risk and that the detection in early post-menopause of a wide NSA together with a low FNBMD should identify females at high probability of incident hip fracture.
Correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficiency values on diffusion-weighted imaging with prognostic factors for breast cancer
Authors: Choi S Y , Chang Y-W , Park H J , Kim H J , Hong S S , Seo D Y 
Published: February 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to correlate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of breast cancer with prognostic factors.
Methods: 335 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC NOS) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who underwent breast MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging were included in this study. ADC of breast cancer was calculated using two b factors (0 and 1000 s mm–2). Mean ADCs of IDC NOS and DCIS were compared and evaluated. Among cases of IDC NOS, mean ADCs were compared with lymph node status, size and immunochemical prognostic factors using Student's t-test. ADC was also correlated with histological grade using the Kruskal–Wallis test.
Results: Mean ADC of IDC NOS was significantly lower than that of DCIS (p&lt;0.001). However, the mean ADC of histological grade of IDC NOS was not significantly different (p=0.564). Mean ADC of oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive cancer was significantly lower than that of ER-negative or PR-negative cancer (p=0.003 vs p=0.032). Mean ADC of Ki-67 index-positive cancer was significantly lower than that of Ki-67 index-negative cancer (p=0.028). Mean ADC values of cancers with increased microvascular density (MVD) were significantly lower than those of cancer with no MVD increase (p=0.009). No correlations were observed between mean ADC value and human growth factor receptor 2 expression, tumour size and lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion: Low ADC value was correlated with positive expression of ER, PR, increased Ki-67 index, and increased MVD of breast cancer.
Diabetes Mellitus May Increase Bone Loss After Occlusal Trauma and Experimental Periodontitis
Authors: de Oliveira Diniz Claudia K. , Corrêa Mônica G. , Casati Marcio Z. , Nociti Francisco H. , Ruiz Karina G. , Bovi Ambrosano Gláucia Maria , Sallum Enilson A. 
Published: February 2012

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) involves metabolic changes that can negatively influence periodontal tissues, resulting in more prevalent and severe periodontitis and impaired bone formation. Occlusal trauma (OT) is an injury of the supportive periodontium that results in bone loss. It can be hypothesized that DM would increase bone loss after OT, mainly when associated with periodontitis. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of DM on bone response in the furcation area of teeth subjected to OT in the presence, or absence, of experimental periodontitis (EP) in the rat model.Methods: Thirty‐two male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: 1) group 1 (G1): DM+OT+EP (n = 8); 2) group 2 (G2): DM+OT (n = 8); 3) group 3 (G3): OT+EP (n = 8); and 4) group 4 (G4): OT (n = 8). G1 and G2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After 10 days, G1 and G3 were subjected to EP by ligature placement. Fifteen days after the start of EP, OT was induced by the creation of a premature contact. The animals were euthanized 35 days after DM induction.Results: DM enhanced bone loss in the presence of OT combined with EP, but did not increase bone loss in teeth subjected to OT alone. EP caused greater bone loss when associated with OT.Conclusion: Within the limits of this animal study, it can be concluded that DM enhances bone loss in the presence of occlusal trauma associated with EP.
Injuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake
Authors: Gordon Lori E. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Objective—To establish types and rates of injuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue (USAR) dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake.
Design—Cross-sectional survey.
Animals—23 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) USAR dogs deployed to Haiti.
Procedures—An online survey was distributed to the handlers of all FEMA USAR dogs deployed to Haiti in response to the January 12, 2010, earthquake.
Results—Of 33 handlers with 37 dogs that deployed, 19 (58%) handlers completed the survey, providing information on 23 (62%) dogs. Injuries and illnesses were reported in 10 of the 23 (43%) dogs, 8 of which had multiple issues. Dogs worked a total of 250 days and 1,785 hours. Dehydration and wounding were the most common disorders, with incidences of 3.9 and 3.4 events/1,000 h worked, respectively. Other disorders included ocular discharge and appetite decrease (incidence of each, 1.1 events/1,000 h worked) and weight loss, urination changes, skin infection, ear infection, oral abscess, and nonspecific illness (incidence of each, 0.56 events/1,000 h worked). Overall, there were 12.6 events/1,000 h worked. All health issues were minor and resolved during the deployment or within 2 weeks after demobilization.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that many of the USAR dogs deployed to Haiti developed acute injuries and illnesses. However, despite the high heat index, long hours worked, and dusty conditions, most injuries and illnesses were minor and all had resolved within 14 days. When logistic supplies for USAR teams are limited, minimal basic medical needs to treat common injuries should be a priority.
Repair of Medial Collateral Ligament Injury During Total Knee Arthoplasty
Authors: Stephens Scott , Politi Joel , Backes Jeffrey , Czaplicki Tony 
Published: February 2012

Intraoperative midsubstance lacerations of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) must be addressed during surgery, and failure to obtain coronal plane stability could affect patient outcomes and satisfaction. This article reports our results of a series of patients who sustained an intraoperative MCL injury during a primary total knee arthroplasty and were treated by direct primary repair and no change in implant constraint or postoperative protocol.
Over a 5-year period, 9 patients sustained this complication. We reviewed their subjective satisfaction and stability, as well as objective measures such as functional scores, physical examinations, and radiographs. Average patient age was 58 years, and mean patient body mass index was 43.3. All patients were satisfied with the procedure and demonstrated no instability on physical examination. Average Knee Society pain score was 91.5 and functional score was 73.3. No radiographic changes or signs of loosening were noted. This novel approach for intraoperative midsubstance lacerations of the MCL does not involve altering implants or postoperative protocols and has encouraging results.
Modified Ollier Transtrochanteric Approach for the Treatment of Acetabular Fractures
Authors: McDowell Susan , Mullis Brian , Knight Bradford S. , Dahners Laurence E. 
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the rates of wound and neurologic complications and clinically significant heterotopic ossification, Brooker stage 3 and 4, with the modified Ollier transtrochanteric approach for the treatment of acetabular fractures. The study group comprised 94 consecutive patients (95 acetabuli) who had unstable acetabular fractures requiring surgical fixation. All patients were treated with open reduction internal fixation via the Ollier approach by a single surgeon (L.E.D.). Demographic and clinical information regarding rates of wound and neurologic complications and remaining articular stepoff at fixation was obtained from a chart review. The degree of heterotopic ossification was graded from standard anteroposterior pelvis radiographs according to the Brooker classification.
Six (6%) patients underwent reoperation for infection; however, only 3 (3%) of these patients had deep infections. Three (3%) patients had iatrogenic sciatic nerve injuries; only 1 patient had persistent sensory changes at final follow-up. Thirteen (18%) of the 73 patients with radiographs available for review at a minimum of 3-month follow-up had Brooker grade III heterotopic ossification and 1 (1%) patient had grade IV. Five (5%) patients underwent excision of heterotopic ossification. Fourteen (17%) of 81 patients had no radiographic union of the greater trochanteric osteotomy, but none of these patients required further surgery.
The complication rates of the Ollier approach in this study compare favorably with alternative surgical approaches reported in large series. We believe this approach provides excellent exposure without increasing the risk of complications.
Quantitative Score System for the Surgical Decision on Adult Femoral Neck Fractures
Authors: Liu Yue-Ju , Xu Bin , Li Zhi-Yong , Zhang Qi , Zhang Ying-Ze 
Published: February 2012

Surgical decision making for femoral neck fractures is currently based on factors such as patient age, fracture type, and medical condition, lacking a quantitative standard. The treatment protocol based on such qualitative assessment has poor operability, greatly affected by the surgeon’s subjective factors. As a result, a quantitative score system (QSS) focusing on 5 factors—age, fracture type, bone mineral density, activities of daily living, and medical comorbidities—with a total score of 25 is designed to deal with adult femoral neck fractures. The higher the score, the worse the patient’s physiological condition. According to our clinical experience, patients with 1 to 11 points should be treated with internal fixation; patients with 12 to 17 points with total hip arthroplasty (THA), and patients with 18 to 22 points with hemiarthroplasty. Patients with 22 to 25 points should be treated with internal fixation due to the high surgical risk of arthroplasty caused by poor physiological condition.
Three hundred seventy-five adult femoral neck fractures were treated on the basis of QSS for this 2-year prospective study. Of these, 242 were treated with low-score internal fixation, 60 with THA, 55 with hemiarthroplasty, and 18 with high-score internal fixation. The revision rates 2 years postoperatively in the low-score internal fixation, THA, and hemiarthroplasty groups were 15.3%, 5.0%, and 5.5%, respectively, which were lower than those from a meta-analysis (internal fixation, 35%; THA, 16%). This QSS helps surgical decision making regarding the treatment choice for adult patients with femoral neck fractures, and good results in preliminary clinical practice have been achieved.
Surgical Reconstruction of Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures Using Various Methods
Authors: Park Yong-Serk , Sung Ki-Sun 
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures using various methods, including Achilles tendon allograft. Between October 2003 and March 2010, twelve patients with chronic Achilles tendon ruptures and a defect gap of >4 cm underwent surgical reconstruction with V-Y advancement, gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flap, flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer, or Achilles tendon allograft. The study group comprised 11 men and 1 woman. At last follow-up, all patients were assessed with regard to postoperative complications, self-reported level of satisfaction, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle–hindfoot score, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score, repetitive single-heel rises, single-leg hopping test, and ankle range of motion.
The AOFAS scores increased from an average of 68.7 (range, 50–87) preoperatively to 98.0 (range, 88–100) postoperatively. All patients were able to perform 10 repetitive single-heel raises and single-leg hops at last follow-up. No patient experienced wound complications or deep infection. Seven patients were rated as excellent, 4 as good, and 1 as fair.
Chronic Achilles tendon ruptures can be successfully treated by careful selection of the reconstruction method according to the length of defect gap and state of the remaining tissue. With an extensive defect, use of an Achilles tendon allograft can be a good option.
Effect of Polyethylene Component Thickness on Range of Motion and Stability in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lanting Brent A. , Snider Matthew G. , Chess David G. 
Published: February 2012

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure with good survivorship and functional results. Optimal results are dependent on proper osseous cuts and soft tissue balancing. Soft tissue tensioning via the polyethylene spacer thickness is an important component of soft tissue balancing. Increased thickness increases soft tissue tension and, therefore, has the potential to increase stability but decrease range of motion (ROM). Decreased polyethylene thickness may decrease soft tissue tension and has the potential to increase ROM but decrease stability.
Using computer-based navigation, the intraoperative effect of increasing and decreasing polyethylene thickness in 1-mm increments on ROM and coronal stability throughout the ROM of 35 patients was examined. It was found that increasing the polyethylene thickness by 1-mm increments had a statistically significant impact on the ability to achieve full extension but had no impact on flexion. Increased polyethylene thickness decreased coronal plane motion. Coronal plane laxity increased with increased flexion irrespective of polyethylene thickness. In this patient cohort, lateral laxity became >1° when the knee was flexed. However, medial structures prevented valgus angulation of >1° in all scenarios except when the polyethylene was diminished by 2 mm.
Changes in polyethylene thickness had an impact on the ability to gain full extension and coronal plane motion.
Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal and Yellow Ligaments on the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Wu Desheng , Ba Zhaoyu , Zhao Weidong , Zhang Yan , Liu Ju , Meng Yang 
Published: February 2012

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ossification of the yellow ligament are the main causes of spinal canal stenosis. This article describes a case of ossification of the posterior longitudinal and yellow ligaments on the lumbar spine. The patient presented with gradually worsening left lower-extremity ache and pain. The deep tendon reflex was hyperreflexia in the lower extremities. Disturbances existed in the blade and bowel. The ossified lesion of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament was observed at L5-S1, and plain lateral radiographs and computed tomography revealed ossification of the yellow ligament on L3, which occupied a large part of the spinal canal. Because of the findings on the preoperative radiographs, we performed posterior approach decompression and bone grafting and excisied the ossified lesion. Pedicle screws were inserted from L3 to S1. The patient’s symptoms disappeared postoperatively, and his Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was 25 two weeks postoperatively.
No standard surgical procedure exists for the treatment of lumbar ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, but it is important to select a surgical procedure according to individual patient conditions. Many factors, such as local mechanic stress, tissue metabolism, high glucose, and genetics, contribute to the progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal and yellow ligaments on the lumbar spine. However, the mechanism is unclear. Further study and long-term follow-up on lumbar ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament is needed.
Luminescent Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Selectively Sensing Nitric Oxide in an Aqueous Solution and in Living Cells
Authors: Wu Pengyan , Wang Jian , He Cheng , Zhang Xiaolin , Wang Yanting , Liu Tao , Duan Chunying 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCu2+‐based metal‐organic framework (Cu−TCA) (H3TCA = tricarboxytriphenyl amine) having triphenylamine emitters was assembled and structurally characterized. Cu−TCA features a three‐dimensional porous structure consolidated by the well‐established Cu2(O2CR)4 paddlewheel units with volume of the cavities approximately 4000 nm3. Having paramagnetic Cu2+ ions to quench the luminescence of triphenylamine, Cu−TCA only exhibited very weak emission at 430 nm; upon the addition of NO up to 0.1 mM, the luminescence was recovered directly and provided about 700‐fold fluorescent enhancement. The luminescence detection exhibited high selectivity – other reactive species present in biological systems, including H2O2, NO3−, NO2−, ONOO−, ClO− and 1O2, did not interfere with the NO detection. The brightness of the emission of Cu−TCA also led to its successful application in the biological imaging of NO in living cells. As a comparison, lanthanide metal‐organic framework Eu−TCA having triphenylamine emitters and characteristic europium emitters was also assembled. Eu−TCA exhibited ratiometric fluorescent responses towards NO with the europium luminescence maintained as the internal standard and the triphenylamine emission exhibited more than 1000‐fold enhancement.
Nanomaterials via Laser Ablation/Irradiation in Liquid: A Review
Authors: Zeng Haibo , Du Xi‐Wen , Singh Subhash C. , Kulinich Sergei A. , Yang Shikuan , He Jianping , Cai Weiping 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLaser ablation of solid targets in the liquid medium can be realized to fabricate nanostructures with various compositions (metals, alloys, oxides, carbides, hydroxides, etc.) and morphologies (nanoparticles, nanocubes, nanorods, nanocomposites, etc.). At the same time, the post laser irradiation of suspended nanomaterials can be applied to further modify their size, shape, and composition. Such fabrication and modification of nanomaterials in liquid based on laser irradiation has become a rapidly growing field. Compared to other, typically chemical, methods, laser ablation/irradiation in liquid (LAL) is a simple and “green” technique that normally operates in water or organic liquids under ambient conditions. Recently, the LAL has been elaborately developed to prepare a series of nanomaterials with special morphologies, microstructures and phases, and to achieve one‐step formation of various functionalized nanostructures in the pursuit of novel properties and applications in optics, display, detection, and biological fields. The formation mechanisms and synthetic strategies based on LAL are systematically analyzed and the reported nanostructures derived from the unique characteristics of LAL are highlighted along with a review of their applications and future challenges.
Spin excitations in Co2NiGa under pressure from a theoretical approach
Authors: Olivos E. , Miranda A.L. , Singh N. , Arroyave R. , Romero A.H. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe Heisenberg exchange parameters for the Heusler compound Co2NiGa with L21 structure were calculated using the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method and by employing the magnetic‐force theorem to obtain the total energy changes associated with the local rotation of magnetization direction. The crystal structure was subjected to pressure and the corresponding dependence of the magnetic exchange couplings were determined. Curie temperatures obtained by applying mean field theory (MFT) reveals a slightly nonlinear decrease with pressure and it is related to the changes of the magnetic moment and the electronic density of states. Further investigation of the pressure dependence of the Curie temperature and magnetization suggests that this particular compound is a weak itinerant ferromagnet. Analysis of the magnetic properties of the Co2NiGa compound using Monte Carlo simulations reveals a significant effect of pressure on the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the structure. The spin dynamics was modeled by applying the Landau‐Lifshitz‐Ginzburg equation to a Heisenberg Hamiltonian. The magnon spectra along the [100] direction is obtained through the Fourier transform of the dynamic correlation function for the predefined set of exchange parameters and pressure. We find a large dependence of the magnon dispersion relation with pressure and in particular of the magnetic excitations gap.