bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activity of a bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP‐28) against methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: TAKAGI Shiaki , HAYASHI Shunji , TAKAHASHI Koichi , ISOGAI Hiroshi , BAI Lanlan , YONEYAMA Hiroshi , ANDO Tasuke , ITO Kumiko , ISOGAI Emiko 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTA bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP‐28) is a member of the cathelicidin family which is included in the innate immune system of mammals. Recently, there have been many studies about antimicrobial peptides. This study aims to clarify whether BMAP‐28 has bactericidal activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compares its activity against methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. We found that the peptide was effective in killing MRSA (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range; 5–20 µg/mL). It was also revealed that MSSA (MIC range; 1.25–20 µg/mL) had two levels of susceptibility to BMAP‐28. We also examined the effect of BMAP‐28 on bacterial shape to visually show its activity. After exposure to the peptide, both MSSA and MRSA cells showed the morphological changes on their surfaces. Our results indicate that BMAP‐28 is a promising candidate for medicine against drug‐resistant bacteria.
EFFECTS OF IMMATURE PERSIMMON (DIOSPYROS KAKI LINN. F.) JUICE ON THE PASTING, TEXTURAL, SENSORY AND COLOR PROPERTIES OF RICE NOODLES
Authors: HAN LIHONG , QI SHAN , LU ZHANHUI , LI LITE 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTPasting, textural, sensory and color properties of rice noodles were studied in the presence of immature persimmon juice. The addition of persimmon juice was found to cause a significant (P < 0.05) increase in rapid visco‐analyser setback, peak viscosity and final viscosity, but a decrease in pasting temperature of rice flour. The maximum breaking stress, breaking strain and breaking work of the obtained noodle samples formulated with pure immature persimmon juice (the volume fraction of 100%) increased from 35.0 to 69.6 kPa, from 21.1 to 36.3% and from 0.07 to 0.26 J, respectively, compared with that of the control. Chromatic investigation exhibited that juice‐containing noodle samples had enhanced red and yellow hues and improved color stability during storage. Microstructural observation from both scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy showed that cooked juice‐containing noodles has a more compact and homogeneous microstructure.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIn order to increase the commodity fruit rate, fruit thinning is a common technology used to reduce fruit‐bearing rate during persimmon growth. As a consequence, plenty of immature persimmons are treated as a waste for landfill. However, these wasted fruits are rich in polyphenols, nutritional antioxidant vitamins, fiber, etc. The results of this work provide the theoretical basis for the utilization of wasted fruit products and a practical guidance for manufacturing rice noodles with improved nutrition and sensory quality.
EFFECT OF WHEAT AND OAT BRANS ON THE DOUGH RHEOLOGICAL AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTANT VERMICELLI
Authors: SUDHA M.L. , RAJESWARI G. , VENKATESWARA RAO G. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTWheat bran (WB) and oat bran (OB), which are rich in dietary fiber content, were blended separately with wheat flour at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. The incorporation of WB and OB increased the farinograph water absorption from 58.3 to 64.1 and 62.3%, respectively. The dough stability decreased from 10 to 5.5 and 7.0 min. The increase in maximum pressure value was greater upon the addition of WB. The peak viscosity value decreased from 818 to 673 Brabender units (BU) upon the addition of WB. The addition of either WB or OB in the preparation of instant vermicelli made the strands tough. The moisture content and oil uptake decreased from 6.5 to 5.1% and from 18.3 to 16.6%, respectively. The cooked weight decreased, while the cooking loss increased with increasing levels of either of the bran. Combination of WB (5%) and OB (10–15%) resulted in instant vermicelli of acceptable quality having total dietary fiber content of 6.12%.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSHigh‐fiber ingredients exhibit many properties that influence the physiological functions of foods. Consumption of high‐fiber products has shown several health benefits. There is a need to have products enriched with dietary fiber. Wheat bran and oat bran, which are good sources of insoluble and soluble dietary fiber, respectively, have been used in the preparation of various bakery products. The utilization of such sources has also helped in reducing the oil uptake during processing. This study would surely help the industry in developing fiber‐rich instant vermicelli using the naturally available fiber‐rich sources.
CONSUMERS' TEXTURE PERCEPTION OF MILK DESSERTS. I – RELATIONSHIP WITH RHEOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS
Authors: ARES GASTÓN , BUDELLI ELIANA , BRUZZONE FERNANDA , GIMÉNEZ ANA , LEMA PATRICIA 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTStudying and predicting consumers' texture perception of milk desserts are important for dairy companies during new product development and the design of positioning, advertising and communication strategies. In this context, the aim of the present work was to study the relationship between consumers' texture perception of milk desserts and rheological measurements.Six commercial milk desserts were evaluated by a panel of 50 consumers, who were asked to answer a check‐all‐that‐apply question. The rheological behavior of the desserts was evaluated using oscillatory tests, flow curves and the evaluation of structural breakdown by α‐amylase.Multiple factor analysis showed that data from rheological measurements and consumers' responses to the check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) question provided similar information and were able to identify differences in the texture of the evaluated milk desserts. Rheological measurements were able to predict consumers' perception of the characteristics responsible for the largest texture differences between the desserts.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSCheck‐all‐that‐apply question consisted on a useful and simple methodology to gather an insight on consumers' perception of the sensory characteristics of milk desserts, providing information that was in agreement with rheological measurements. The advantage of this methodology is that it only requires participants to select words from a list, being easier, less time consuming and more natural to use.
Taxonomic revision of family Tropiduchidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) from Korea
Authors: RAHMAN Mohammad Atikur , KWON Yong Jung , SUH Sang Jae 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe family Tropiduchidae is revised taxonomically comprising five genera and five species from Korea. Catullia vittata Matsumura is redescribed here on the basis of a series of males recently collected in Korea. Cixiopsis punctatus Matsumura and Catullia vittata Matsumura were transferred from Achilidae to Tropiduchidae and are redescribed here with male genitalia for the first time from Korea. Ommatissus binatatus Fieber previously reported was an incorrect identification of Ommatissus lofouensis Muir. Another species, Trypetimorpha koreana Kwon and Lee, is the macropterous form of Trypetimorpha japonica Ishihara. All Korean species of the Tropiduchidae are redescribed and illustrated, and an identification key to the genera of Tropiduchidae is provided.
Impact of flood intensity on aquatic insect communities in a Korean stream under monsoonal climate
Authors: Kim Dong Gun , Yoon Tae Joong , Baek Min Jeong , Choi Lak Jung , Lee Cha Young , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: November 2011

As a consequence of climate change, localized torrential rainfall has increased in intensity and frequency in Northeast Asia under the influence of the monsoonal climate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of flood intensity on aquatic insect communities in a Korean stream, where the summer monsoonal flood is normal. Quantitative sampling was conducted according to stream reaches (upstream, midstream, and downstream sites) in Gapyeong stream, located in the central Korean peninsula, during July 2008–October 2009. Sampling was conducted within 48 hours after every rain event during the rainy season, and flood intensity was evaluated using the total amount of precipitation for 3 days before sampling. Precipitation was categorized in 100 mm increments. Water velocity and Froude number (Fr) were measured, and mean species abundance and species richness were determined. Habitat orientation groups (HOGs) were analyzed. Data were analyzed using nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination and two‐way analyses of variance .As a result, the velocity increased as precipitation increased at all sites, and the Fr at the upstream and midstream sites were below critical flow for all precipitation categories. The EPT‐group (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) together with Diptera were >90% in abundance at all study sites. The mean abundance of some major taxa (i.e., Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera) decreased significantly as precipitation increased, particularly, at the downstream site. The mean abundance of all HOGs was more influenced by the relatively large amount of precipitation (e.g., >200 mm) at all sites. According to NMS ordination, the amount of precipitation was the major factor determining the composition of aquatic insect communities in the study stream. In conclusion, aquatic insect communities in the Gapyeng stream were significantly influenced by the intensity of precipitation, and the impact was intensified at the downstream site.
Introduction of Myanmar Butterflies (I)
Authors: Park Jong Kyun , Park Jinyoung , Choi Eun Young , Oh Yong Kyun , Choi Ik Je 
Published: November 2011

Collecting expeditions of Insect were conducted in Popa resort, Myanmar from Aug. 7, 2011 to Aug. 17, 2011. As a protected area of the Forest department, these areas were almost natural conservation field and limited to collection actions.There are rich biological diversity, among them, lots of insect discovered and collected. Usually on day time, butterflies collected by sweeping net, like various plants, they show high diversity. Lycaenidae of small size as well as large size like Papilionidae butterflies recognized in this expedition. Mostly Nymphalidae species are easily show on the road of mountain, otherwise some Papilionidae species are difficult to meet because they fly very high and fast, usually they visit to top of trees.Materials are expected more than 100 species belonging to 10 families but it was difficult to identification because of lack of references of this areas. Maybe lots of new or new recorded species will discover from Myanmar. Among them, with rare species, manifold butterflies are provided with photos, ecological notes and activities of Myanmar.
Morphology of the egg and first instar larva of Physosmaragdina nigrifrons (Hope). (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Clytrinae)
Authors: Park Jinyoung , Lee Jong Eun , Park Jong Kyun 
Published: November 2011

Among the Coleoptera, case bearing is found in four related subfamilies of the Chrysomelidae, the so‐called Camptosomates: Clytrinae, Cryptocephalinae, Chlamisinae, and Lamprosomatinae (Böving and Craighead, 1931). Adults of case‐bearing chrysomelids feed on foliage of a variety of eudicots (Erber, 1988), but their larvae often show departures from strict phytophagy. Besides those with true herbivore larvae that feed on green plant parts and complete development on the host plant the larvae of most species live on the ground, in leaf litter, and feed on dry vegetable material and detritus (Erber, 1988; Brown and Funk, 2005). The larvae of some clytrine species live in ant nests (Erber, 1988; Brothers et al., 2000), but besides these mirmecophiles, many other clytrine larvae live in leaf litter and some few others on plants (Erber, 1988; Jolivet, 1988).The genus Physosmaragdina Medvedev, a clytrine genus with restricted distribution (Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, South‐East Asia). In the Paleoarctic region 14 species have been reported; however, 10 were treated as synonymous, leaving 4 currently reported (Löbl and Smetana, 2010). Four Physosmaragdina species are distributed throughout south‐east Asia, from Korea to Japan, while on the other side, only one species were reported in Korea (Lee and An, 2001). Nothing is known about the immature stages of the genus Physosmaragdina.The purpose of this study is to describe, to illustrate the egg, egg‐case and first instar larva of P. nigrifrons (Hope), and remarks on their systematics.
Overview of Pyraloidea fauna (Insecta, Lepidoptera) in Jilin Province of China
Authors: Qi Mu‐jie , Li Chengde , Han Hui‐lin , Bae Yang‐Seop 
Published: November 2011

Pyraloidea is one of the larger superfamilies of Lepidoptera which comprises 16,000 named species (Kristensen, 1999). The larvae of Pyraloidea are generally concealed feeders. Most of pyraloid moths do harm to grains, vegetables, fruits and even insects. (Malcolm, 1992). Jilin Province is an important area of forestry and agriculture in NE China, many diseases and pests occurred each year. Accordingly to survey the diversity of Pyraloidea in Jilin Province is significant for systematic study and it is the basis for pests control in NE China.According to the references, we got the Pyraloidea checklist of China, which includes totally 110 species in Jilin Province, and up to now, we identified 76 species, among them, Pyralidae: 4 subfamilies, such as: 1 species of Galleriinae, 10 species of Pyralinae, 2 species of Epipaschiinae, 13 species of Phycitinae; Crambidae: 4 subfamilies, such as: 34 species of Pyraustinae, 2 species of Evergestinae, 4 species of Scopariinae, 10 species of Crambinae. Of them, 55 species are the first time reported in Jilin Province. All of the materials examined are kept in University of Incheon, which were collected from 2000–2003 in China.
Taxonomic study of tribe Eucosmini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Olethreutinae) in the Northern part of Vietnam
Authors: Le Xuan‐Vi , Pham Thi‐Vuong , Chae Do‐Young , Bae Yang‐Seop 
Published: November 2011

The tribe Eucosmini is the second largest tribe of Olethreutinae with more than 1,000 species in over 125 genera, distributed mostly in the Holarctic region, and over half of the known species occur in the Nearctic region (Horak and Brown, 1991b). Eucosmini can be separated from other tribes by a combination of the following characters proposed by Kuznetsov and Stekolnikov (1984): 1) one‐branched protuberance of the valve; 2) gnathos and uncus is very weakened or reduced.In Vietnam, in the period 1977–1978 and 1997–1998, National Institute of Plant Protection (NIPP) recorded only seven Tortricidae species. Recently, Kuznetzov (2001) recorded four species in the Southern part of Vietnam: Eucosmogastra aeolantha (Meyrick, 1914), Noduliferola pleurogramma (Clarke, 1976), N. atriplaga (Clarke, 1976), N. phaeostropha (Clarke, 1976). Razowski recorded 14 species of 10 genera of Eucosmini (2009).In this study, we are briefly reviewed of tribe Eucosmini in the Northern part of Vietnam. As the result of this study, a total of 19 Eucosmini species of 13 genera are recognized. Of them, 17 species are reported for the first time from Vietnam such as: Coenobiodes acceptana Kuznetzov, 1973; Epiblema foenella (Linnaeus, 1785); Lepteucosma ceriodes (Meyrick, 1909), etc. The materials identification based on the collection of University of Incheon, which has collected from 2004–2009 in the Northern part of Vietnam by Vietnamese and Korean entomologist.
Taxonomy of the Genus Eusphalerum Kraatz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae) from South Korea
Authors: Kim Tae‐Kyu , Ahn Kee‐Jeong 
Published: November 2011

The eusphalerine single genus, Eusphalerum Kraatz contains about 230 species distributed in the Holearctic and Oriental regions. In East Asia, 74 species of the genus are studied and Zanetti reported six species from North Korea in 1993. They are known to feed pollen on flowers of shrubs and trees. As a result, they have peculiar molar structure.Members of the Eusphalerum are characterized by the combination of following features: body spindle‐shape and parallel‐side; eyes large and protruded, temple short; mandibles subtriangular and edentate, molar and scissorial area fused, medial surface of molar with grinding cones; maxillary palpomere 4 as wide as palpomere 3; antennae gradually wide apically, antennomere 10 almost as wide as long; tarsomeres 1–4 short and broad, ventral surface setose densely, tarsomere 5 as long as or longer than basal four combined.In this paper, we report four South Korean Eusphalerum species and provide illustrations of the diagnostic characters including first line drawings of spermatheca and accessary sclerite. The specimens studied are deposited in the Chungnam National University Insect Collection (CNUIC), Daejeon, Korea.
Why a Membrane‐Anchored Chitinase (CHT7) in Tribolium?
Authors: Noh Mi Young , Muthukrishnan Subbaratnam , Kramer Karl J. , Beeman Richard W. , Arakane Yasyuki 
Published: November 2011

Insect chitinases (CHTs) and chitinase‐like proteins, which belong to family 18 glycosylhydrolases (GH‐18), have been detected in molting fluid and gut tissues and are predicted to mediate the digestion of chitin present in the exoskeleton and peritrophic matrix (PM) in the gut to chitooligosaccharides. Based on amino acid sequence similarity and phylogenetic analysis, insect chitinase family proteins have been classified into eight groups (group I to VIII). The chitinases belonging to different groups have distinctly different developmental patterns of expression and tissue specificity, suggestive of distinct biological functions.CHT7s belong to Group III chitinase contain two catalytic domains and one CBD. The catalytic domain 1 of this group of chitinases exhibits greater sequence similarity to one another than to the catalytic domain 2 in the same protein(s), suggesting distinct functions and/or evolutionary origins for each of these two catalytic domains. This group of chitinases, unlike most insect CHTs, possesses a predicted transmembrane segment at the N‐terminal region. The recombinant T. castaneum CHT7 that was expressed in Hi‐5 insect cells was bound to the cell membrane. Apparently, the catalytic domains of this CHT face the extracellular space as revealed by its ability to hydrolyze an artificial chitin substrate added to the medium.DsRNA mediated post‐transcription gene silencing (RNAi) for several chitinases and chitinase‐like genes in Tribolium castaneum and demonstrated that chitinases belong to groups I (TcCHT5), II (TcCHT10) and V (TcIDGF4) play roles of insect molting. In other hand, RNAi for TcCHT7 did not affect any types of molting such as larval‐larval, larval‐pupal and pupal‐adult. The resulting pupae (and adults), however, failed to wing‐expansion and abdominal contraction suggesting that TcCHT7 may function in tissue differentiation rather than in molting.
Identification of insect pests as food foreign materials using DNA barcodes
Authors: Cho Seo Young , Suh Kyong In , Yoon Tae Joong , Na Ja Hyun , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: November 2011

Insect foreign materials in food are of great economic and hygienic significance. However, identifying these species with any certainty requires an expert taxonomist and can be a time consuming process. Furthermore, insects are found as body parts or they are immature specimens that cannot be identified by conventional means. For these reasons, a reference database and efficient means of identification by non‐specialists are necessary to control insect pests.In this study, we chose 15 important insect pest species, because they had a higher probability of being included in human foods. We tested the utility of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) DNA barcodes for the identification. A 658‐bp fragment of the COI gene was sequenced, aligned, and a sequence data bank was constructed. As a result, the COI barcode sequence was suitable for identifying insect pests as food foreign materials. Photographs of morphological key characters by stereoscopic microscope and a pictorial key of the species are provided.
Effects of Eastern Hemlock Decline on Large Wood Loads in Streams of the Appalachian Mountains
Authors: Evans Daniel M. , Dolloff C. Andrew , Aust W. Michael , Villamagna Amy M. 
Published: November 2011

Evans, Daniel M., C. Andrew Dolloff, W. Michael Aust, and Amy M. Villamagna, 2012. Effects of Eastern Hemlock Decline on Large Wood Loads in Streams of the Appalachian Mountains. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(2): 266‐276. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00610.xAbstract:  Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species important to riparian forests of the Appalachian Mountains, is in decline due to the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) (Adelges tsugae). The effect of this insect on large wood (LW) production and recruitment to streams is largely unknown. We measured LW load, riparian forest composition, and T. canadensis health in 47 streams from Maine to Alabama and developed a conceptual model that frames the expected forest stand and instream LW response to the disturbance caused by HWA. In stands with HWA, 24.3% of the overstory T. canadensis basal area was stressed and 7.5% was dead, whereas only 3.0% was stressed and 2.0% was dead in stands without HWA. Mean T. canadensis effective LW load was 0.20 m3/100 m2 in streams with adjacent stands infested by HWA, almost three times higher than in streams flowing through uninfested stands (p = 0.048). Higher frequencies of LW were found at streams with HWA present and there was a positive association between the percent of dead T. canadensis and T. canadensis LW load (ρ = 0.4468; p = <0.0001). Greater total LW loads were associated with higher stream gradients, lesser bankfull widths, and streams at lower latitudes. Our research supports the hypothesis that HWA infestation of T. canadensis in riparian forest stands has increased LW loads in streams. This episodic disturbance to the riparian forest overstory may have lasting impacts on aquatic ecosystem structure and function.
Macro, Meso, and Micro‐Efficiencies in Water Resources Management: A New Framework Using Water Balance1
Authors: Haie Naim , Keller Andrew A. 
Published: November 2011

Haie, Naim and Andrew A. Keller, 2012. Macro, Meso, and Micro‐Efficiencies in Water Resources Management: A New Framework Using Water Balance. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(2): 235‐243. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00611.xAbstract:  One of the most important performance indicators for water resources systems (WRSs) management is efficiency. Here, water balance, based on mass conservation, is utilized to systemically develop three levels of composite efficiency indicators for a WRS, which are configurable based on two types of water totals: total inflow and total consumption (outflow that effectively is not available for reuse). The indices characterize hydrology of an area by including in their formulations the flow dynamics at three integrated levels. Furthermore, the usefulness of water is incorporated into the indicators by defining two weights: one for quality, and the other for beneficial attributes of water use. Usefulness Criterion is the product of quality and beneficial weights, emphasizing the equal significance of the two dimensions. Both of these weights depend on the system itself and the priorities of the supervising organization, which also are shaped by the objectives and values of the given society. These concepts lead to the definition of Macro, Meso, and Micro‐Efficiencies, which form a set of integrated indicators that explicitly promotes stakeholder involvement in evaluation and design of WRSs. Macro, Meso, and Micro‐Efficiencies should be maximized for both water totals, which is an integrated prerequisite for sustainability and is less promoted by competing stakeholders. To demonstrate this new framework, it is applied to published data for urban and agricultural cases and some results are explained.