bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concordance between prescriber‐ and patient‐reported previous medical history and NSAID indication in the CADEUS cohort
Authors: Fourrier‐Réglat Annie , Cuong Huynh Minh , Lassalle Régis , Depont Fanny , Robinson Philip , Droz‐Perroteau Cécile , Pariente Antoine , Bégaud Bernard , Blin Patrick , Moore Nicholas 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPurposeVarious data sources may be used in pharmacoepidemiological studies. When they cannot be obtained from valid databases, medical data must be obtained from physicians or patients. In the CADEUS study, both patients and their prescribers reported medical data allowing investigation of the concordance between these sources.MethodsCADEUS is a French national cohort study of traditional non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) and coxib users conducted between September 2003 and August 2004 in France that employed self‐administered questionnaires to obtain medical data from patients and their prescribers. The Kappa statistic (κ) was used to measure concordance between patients and prescribers in 18 530 pairs with regard to previous medical history and index NSAID indication.ResultsFor previous medical history, the proportion of agreement ranged from 70.7 to 99.2% and concordance was: substantial (κ = 0.61–0.80) for hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes; moderate (κ = 0.41–0.60) for angina pectoris, peripheral arterial disease and hypercholesterolaemia; fair (κ = 0.21–0.40) for unstable angina, cardiac insufficiency, dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux and gastric ulcer; slight (κ < 0.21) for upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. For index NSAID indication, the proportion of agreement ranged from 84.3 to 99.4% and concordance was almost perfect (κ = 0.81–1.00) for inflammatory rheumatism, flu‐like symptoms, dysmenorrhoea and dental pain; substantial for arthritis, back pain and headache; moderate for osteoarticular pain.ConclusionsConcordance was better for specific or serious conditions both regarding previous medical history and indication. Prescriber or patient perception and understanding may reduce concordance for certain items. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Introducing water as a coblowing agent in the carbon dioxide extrusion foaming process for polystyrene thermal insulation foams
Authors: Yeh Shu‐Kai , Yang Jintao , Chiou Nan‐Rong , Daniel Tom , Lee L. James 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this study, water was used as a coblowing agent in the carbon dioxide (CO2) extrusion foaming process in a twin screw extruder. It enlarged cell size and thus lowered foam density for better thermal insulation. Different strategies have been studied including direct injection of water into the extruder with surfactants, extrusion foaming of water expandable polystyrene (WEPS) beads, and feeding water containing activated carbon (WCAC)/polystyrene (PS) pellets. It was found that WCAC/PS pellets provided the most stable and clean extrusion process, more uniform cell morphology, and better thermal insulation than other methods. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1577–1584, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Structure and properties of melt‐spun PET/MWCNT nanocomposite fibers
Authors: Mazinani Saeedeh , Ajji Abdellah , Dubois Charles 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) melt‐spun fibers were modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to obtain conductive microfibers smaller than 90 μm in diameter. Physical properties such as crystallinity and orientation of as‐spun fibers were studied by X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and microscopy techniques at different draw ratios (DR) and MWCNT concentrations. Morphological and orientation analysis of MWCNT after melt‐spinning process showed agglomerates formation and highly oriented CNTs. The study of the orientation of PET crystalline phase in drawn fibers proved that the addition of nanoparticles decreases the orientation of crystalline units inside the fibers. The orientation of MWCNT as well as that of PET chains was studied using Raman spectroscopy at different DR and a high degree of CNT orientation was observed under high DR conditions. Mechanical and electrical properties of as‐spun fibers were also investigated. Our results showed that it was possible to achieve conductive fibers at a MWCNT concentration of 2% w/w, and more conductive fibers using higher DR were also obtained without increasing the MWCNT concentration. Mechanical properties results showed interestingly high value of maximum tensile strain at break (εmax) of nanocomposite fibers, up to three times more than pure PET fibers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1956–1968, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Influence of the metal centers of 2,6‐bis(imino)pyridyl transition metal complexes on ethylene polymerization/ oligomerization catalytic activities
Authors: Su Biyun , Feng Guoxian 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMuch work on bis(imino)pyridyl complexes with Fe(II) and Co(II) as ethylene polymerization catalysts has been reported in terms of designing new analogous ligands, while little work has been dedicated to the study of the effect of the metal center on catalyst performance. A series of bis(imino)pyridyl‐MCl2 (M = Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II)) transition metal complexes were synthesized, for which single crystals of the Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes were obtained. The crystal structures indicated that these complexes had similar coordination geometries. Being applied to ethylene polymerization at 25 °C and employing 500 equiv. of methylaluminoxane as co‐catalyst, the complexes with Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) centers showed, respectively, catalytic activities of 1.25 × 106 g (mol Fe)−1 h−1 Pa for ethylene polymerization, and 3.98 × 105 g (mol Co)−1 h−1 Pa and 5.13 × 103 g (mol Ni)−1 h−1 Pa for ethylene oligomerization. In contrast, the complexes with Cu(II) and Zn(II) centers were inactive. Crystal structure data showed that the coordination interactions provided a comparatively reliable quantification of the selectivity of the bis(imino)pyridyl ligand for the studied metal ions, which was in reasonable agreement with the Irving–Williams list. Moreover, for the Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes, the strong coordination bonds and small N(imino)MN(imino) angles were unfavorable for several steps in the mechanism, such as ethylene coordination to the metal center, ethylene migratory insertion and olefin chain growth. All of these will reduce the speed of the overall reaction, indicating a decrease of catalytic efficiency in a given period. The poor activity of the Zn(II) complex for ethylene polymerization may be related to the reduction process by the alkylating agent. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of covalent bonds on the mechanical properties of a multi‐walled carbon nanotube/cellulose composite
Authors: Yun Sungryul , Kang Kwang Sun , Kim Jaehwan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/cellulose composite was synthesized to improve the mechanical strength of regenerated cellulose film. N,N‐carbonyldiimidazole was mixed with functionalized MWCNTs and sonicated at 60 °C for 12 h. The resulting MWCNT‐imidazolide was mixed with cellulose solution, and reacted at various temperatures for various times. The occurrence of covalent bonds between MWCNTs and cellulose was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. According to mechanical tensile tests, Young's modulus of the MWCNT/cellulose composite was found to be 11.2 GPa, an increase of approximately 110% with respect to regenerated cellulose film. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Copper stress proteomics highlights local adaptation of two strains of the model brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus
Authors: Ritter Andrés , Ubertini Martin , Romac Sarah , Gaillard Fanny , Delage Ludovic , Mann Aaron , Cock J. Mark , Tonon Thierry , Correa Juan A. , Potin Philippe 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEctocarpus siliculosus is a cosmopolitan brown alga with capacity to thrive in copper enriched environments. Analysis of copper toxicity was conducted in two strains of E. siliculosus isolated from (i) an uncontaminated coast in southern Peru (Es32) and (ii) a copper polluted rocky beach in northern Chile (Es524). Es32 was more sensitive than Es524, with toxicity detected at 50 μg/L Cu, whereas Es524 displayed negative effects only when exposed to 250 μg/L Cu. Differential soluble proteome profiling for each strain exposed to sub‐lethal copper levels allowed to identify the induction of proteins related to processes such as energy production, glutathione metabolism as well as accumulation of HSPs. In addition, the inter‐strain comparison of stress‐related proteomes led to identify features related to copper tolerance in Es524, such as striking expression of a PSII Mn‐stabilizing protein and a Fucoxanthine chlorophyll a–c binding protein. Es524 also expressed specific stress‐related enzymes such as RNA helicases from the DEAD box families and a vanadium‐dependent bromoperoxidase. These observations were supported by RT‐qPCR for some of the identified genes and an enzyme activity assay for vanadium‐dependent bromoperoxidase. Therefore, the occurrence of two different phenotypes within two distinct E. siliculosus strains studied at the physiological and proteomic levels strongly suggest that persistent copper stress may represent a selective force leading to the development of strains genetically adapted to copper contaminated sites.
2‐DE proteomic approach to the Botrytis cinerea secretome induced with different carbon sources and plant‐based elicitors
Authors: Fernández‐Acero Francisco Javier , Colby Thomas , Harzen Anne , Carbú Maria , Wieneke Ursula , Cantoral Jesús Manuel , Schmidt Jürgen 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBotrytis cinerea is a phytopathogenic fungus infecting a number of crops (tomatoes, grapes and strawberries), which has been adopted as a model system in molecular phytopathology. B. cinerea uses a wide variety of infection strategies, which are mediated by a set of genes/proteins called pathogenicity/virulence factors. Many of these factors have been described as secreted proteins, and thus the study of this sub‐proteome, the secretome, under changing circumstances can help us to understand the roles of these factors, possibly revealing new loci for the fight against the pathogen. A 2‐DE, MALDI TOF/TOF‐based approach has been developed to establish the proteins secreted to culture media supplemented with different carbon sources and plant‐based elicitors (in this study: glucose, cellulose, starch, pectin and tomato cell walls). Secreted proteins were obtained from the culture media by deoxycholate‐trichloroacetic acid/phenol extraction, and 76 spots were identified, yielding 95 positive hits that correspond to 56 unique proteins, including several known virulence factors (i.e. pectin methyl esterases, xylanases and proteases). The observed increases in secretion of proteins with established virulence‐related functions indicate that this in vitro‐induction/proteome‐mining approach is a promising strategy for discovering new pathogenicity factors and dissecting infection mechanisms in a discrete fashion.
Extraordinary mechanical behavior of exfoliated montmorillonite/polymer nanocomposite films cast from soap‐free emulsion polymerized latices
Authors: Lin Keng‐Jen , Lee Chia‐Hsin , Lin King‐Fu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe exfoliated montmorillonite (MMT) nanoplatelets tended to re‐stack with each other after casting the MMT/poly(methylacrylate‐co‐methylmethacrylate) P(MA‐co‐MMA) latex solutions fabricated by soap‐free emulsion polymerization into films as revealed by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. As the content of MMT was increased from 0 to 20 wt %, the Tg measured by differential scanning calorimetry was slightly decreased from 19.2 to 17.2 °C, whereas that measured by dynamic mechanical analysis was increased from 22 to 32 °C, indicating that the local motion of polymer segments has been retarded by MMT nanoplatelets. Besides, the elongated elliptical voids appeared during stretching of 1 wt % MMT/P(MA‐co‐MMA) film to cracking also illustrated the pinning effect provided by the exfoliated MMT. As the content of MMT was increased more than 10 wt %, the mechanical behavior of MMT/P(MA‐co‐MMA) nanocomposite films was changed from ductile to brittle nature with significant increase of Young's modulus and tensile strength owing to the restacking of exfoliated MMT nanoplatelets. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1064–1069, 2010
Aligned and molecularly oriented semihollow ultrafine polymer fiber yarns by a facile method
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Xuefen , Yang Yin , Wang Lili , Zhu Meifang , Hsiao Benjamin S. , Chu Benjamin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this work, aligned and molecularly oriented bone‐like PLLA semihollow fiber yarns were manufactured continuously from an optimized homogeneous polymer‐solvent‐nonsolvent system [PLLA, CH2Cl2, and dimethyl formamide (DMF)] by a single capillary electrospinning via self‐bundling technique. Here, it should be emphasized that the self‐bundling electrospinning technique, a very facile electrospinning technique with a grounded needle (which is to induce the self‐bundling of polymer nanofibers at the beginning of electrospinning process), is used for the alignment and molecular orientation of the polymer fiber, and the take‐up speed of the rotating drum for the electrospun fiber yarn collection is very low (0.5 m/s). PLLA can be dissolved in DMF and CH2Cl2 mixed solvent with different ratios. By varying the ratios of mixed solvent system, PLLA electrospun semihollow fiber with the porous inner structure and compact shell wall could be formed, the thickness of the shell and the size of inner pores could be adjusted. The results of polarized FTIR and wide angle X‐ray diffraction investigations verified that as‐prepared PLLA semihollow fiber yarns were well‐aligned and molecularly oriented. Both the formation mechanism of semihollow fibers with core‐shell structure and the orientation mechanism of polymer chains within the polymer fibers were all discussed. The as‐prepared self‐bundling electrospun PLLA fiber yarns possessed enhanced mechanical performance compared with the corresponding conventional electrospun PLLA fibrous nonwoven membranes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1118–1125, 2010
Adopting a family approach to theory and practice: measuring distress in cancer patient–partner dyads with the distress thermometer
Authors: Zwahlen Diana , Hagenbuch Niels , Jenewein Josef , Carley Margaret I. , Buchi Stefan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: Significant others are central to patients' experience and management of their cancer illness. Building on our validation of the Distress Thermometer (DT) for family members, this investigation examines individual and collective distress in a sample of cancer patients and their matched partners, accounting for the aspects of gender and role.Method: Questionnaires including the DT were completed by a heterogeneous sample of 224 couples taking part in a multisite study.Results: Our investigation showed that male patients (34.2%), female patients (31.9%), and male partners (29.1%) exhibited very similar levels of distress, while female partners (50.5%) exhibited much higher levels of distress according to the DT. At the dyad level just over half the total sample contained at least one individual reporting significant levels of distress. Among dyads with at least one distressed person, the proportion of dyads where both individuals reported distress was greatest (23.6%). Gender and role analyses revealed that males and females were not equally distributed among the four categories of dyads (i.e. dyads with no distress; dyads where solely the patient or dyads where solely the partner is distressed; dyads where both are distressed).Conclusion: A remarkable number of dyads reported distress in one or both partners. Diverse patterns of distress within dyads suggest varying risks of psychosocial strain. Screening patients' partners in addition to patients themselves may enable earlier identification of risk settings. The support offered to either member of such dyads should account for their role‐ and gender‐specific needs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Open multiple M2 branes: II. Multiple self‐dual strings on M5‐branes
Authors: Chu C.S. , Smith D.J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe show how to define Chern‐Simons matter theories with boundary. Rather than imposing boundary conditions, we introduce new boundary degrees of freedom from the beginning and show how they can be used to cancel the gauge non‐invariance of the Chern‐Simons action. We apply this method to the ABJM theory with boundary. By imposing also boundary conformal invariance, we determine the required boundary action. This result allows us to derive the action for the multiple self‐dual strings living on M5‐branes.
Histopathological findings after treatment of prostate cancer using high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)
Authors: Biermann Katharina , Montironi Rodolfo , Lopez‐Beltran Antonio , Zhang Shaobo , Cheng Liang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDHigh‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment is a novel minimally invasive therapeutic option for patients with localized prostate cancer. Little is known about the histological findings in prostate biopsies upon HIFU treatment.METHODWe examined the spectrum of histological changes in prostate biopsies of 25 prostate cancer patients who were previously treated with HIFU. The biopsies were taken 180 days after HIFU treatment.RESULTSSeventy‐two percent of the cases showed necrosis, often accompanied by acute, chronic, or granulomatous inflammation. Mild or moderate fibrosis was present in all biopsies. In benign glands, histological examination revealed a heterogeneous cellular damage and cellular response including cytologic atypia and basal cell hyperplasia. Eleven patients (44%) had residual prostatic carcinoma after treatment. In cases with residual adenocarcinoma, the majority of the cases (9/11, 88%) do no have apparent treatment effects. Two cases showed nuclear pyknosis. In summary, we report the histological findings in benign and malignant prostatic tissues after HIFU treatment. These findings include a spectrum of morphological changes ranging from apparent necrosis to more subtle cellular damage can be observed in benign prostatic tissue after HIFU treatment. There were minimal morphologic changes in residual adenocarcinoma after HIFU treatments.CONCLUSIONThe pathologist should be aware of common histologic findings in prostatic biopsies after HIFU treatment. We recommend routine reporting of Gleason scores in post‐HIFU needle biopsies. Prostate 70: 1196–1200, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of semiochemical toxicity to houseflies and stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: Mann Rajinder S , Kaufman Phillip E , Butler Jerry F 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The housefly, Musca domestica L., and stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) are cosmopolitan pests of both farm and home environments. Houseflies have been shown to be resistant to a variety of insecticides, and new chemistries are slow to emerge on the market. Toxicities of selected semiochemicals with molecular structures indicative of insecticidal activity were determined against adults from an insecticide‐susceptible laboratory strain of houseflies. The three most active semiochemicals were also evaluated against recently colonized housefly and stable fly strains.RESULTS: Nineteen semiochemicals classified as aliphatic alcohols, terpenoids, ketones and carboxylic esters showed toxicity to houseflies and stable flies. Rosalva (LC50 = 25.98 µg cm−2) followed by geranyl acetone and citronellol (LC50 = 49.97 and 50.02 µg cm−2) were identified as the most toxic compounds to houseflies. Permethrin was up to 144‐fold more toxic than rosalva on the susceptible strain. However, it was only 35‐fold more toxic to the insecticide‐tolerant field strain. The compounds generated high toxicity to stable flies, with LC50 values ranging from 16.30 to 40.41 µg cm−2.CONCLUSION: Quantification of LC50 values of rosalva, citronellol and geranyl acetone against susceptible housefly and field‐collected housefly and stable fly strains showed that semiochemicals could serve as potent insecticides for fly control programs. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
1.55‐µm DFB lasers with narrow ridge stripe and second‐order metal surface gratings by holographic lithography
Authors: Jang S. J. , Yeo C. I. , Yu J. S. , Lee Y. T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe report a high‐performance operation of laterally coupled distributed feedback (LC DFB) lasers with a narrow ridge width of 2 µm, based on second‐order metal surface gratings by holographic lithography. Through theoretical analysis, the laser structure was optimized in terms of ridge width of laser, order of grating, and isolation layer around the ridge for more stable and improved device operation. By carefully controlling the photoresist patterning and etching, the second‐order metal surface gratings of Λ = 489 nm with a duty factor of 0.25 could be achieved. The 300‐µm long laser exhibits an output power of 9 mW and a threshold current of 24.8 mA at 25 °C and 100 mA in a continuous‐wave mode, with still 2 mW at 60 °C. Stable single‐mode operation with a sidemode suppression ratio up to 41 dB, a temperature‐tuning coefficient of 0.08 nm/K, an electrical power‐tuning coefficient of 14.97 nm/W was observed for the LC DFB laser with a self‐aligned SiO2 isolation layer, estimating a gain coupling coefficient of ∼27 cm−1. The beam full‐width at half‐maximum of far‐field patterns are approximately 23.1 and 42.2° for the horizontal and the vertical directions, respectively.
Tubular magnetic nanostructures based on glancing angle deposited templates and atomic layer deposition
Authors: Albrecht Ole , Zierold Robert , Patzig Christian , Bachmann Julien , Sturm Chris , Rheinländer Bernd , Grundmann Marius , Görlitz Detlef , Rauschenbach Bernd , Nielsch Kornelius 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA route for the fabrication of magnetic nanotubes is established by combining glancing angle deposition (GLAD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). In a first step, arrays of inclined or upright columnar Si structures are deposited using a glancing angle ion beam sputter technique. In a second step, these columns are covered with Fe2O3 by means of ALD, thus fabricating tubular structures with well defined wall thicknesses that envelop the Si columns. Subsequent reduction in Ar/H2 atmosphere converts the Fe2O3 tubes to ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 tubes. Using superconducting quantum interference magnetometry, the orientation dependence of the coercive field is extracted from magnetization isotherms, recorded on as‐fabricated samples oriented at various angles with respect to the magnetic field. We find an angular dependence in the variation of the coercive field, which is related to the inclination angle of the columns. magnified image
Cross‐sectional scanning electron micrograph of a columnar zigzag Si structure.