Exploring university lecturers’ mandatory e-learning attitudes, readiness and anxiety in Nigeria
Authors: Idika Ezinne Orie , Obiagu Adaobiagu Nnemdi , Ibe Ebere 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study investigated university lecturers' attitudes, readiness and anxiety toward e-learning in response to the widespread transition to online education prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the interrelationships between these variables using a sample drawn from Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 168 university lecturers in Nigeria, comprising 94 males and 74 females. A questionnaire assessing university lecturers' attitudes, readiness and anxiety toward e-learning was administered to collect data. Descriptive, t-test and regression analyses were conducted to analyze the collected data.FindingsThe findings revealed significant correlations among lecturers' e-learning attitudes, readiness and anxiety. Specifically, significant relationships were observed between lecturers' e-learning attitudes and readiness, lecturer’s e-learning readiness and anxiety, as well as lecturers' e-learning anxiety and e-learning attitudes. Moreover, a notable difference was detected in the mean scores of e-learning attitudes between male and female lecturers, indicating that male lecturers exhibited more positive e-learning attitudes compared to their female counterparts. Additionally, male lecturers reported lower levels of e-learning anxiety and demonstrated higher readiness to embrace e-learning compared to female lecturers.Research limitations/implicationsThe COVID-19 pandemic posed significant limitations for this study. Firstly, due to restrictions on in-person interactions and mobility, conducting a pilot study was not feasible, which may have impacted the refinement of our methodologies. Additionally, the number of participants was limited as a result of challenges in recruitment and accessibility during the pandemic, potentially affecting the generalizability of our findings. Future research efforts should aim to mitigate these constraints and consider alternative methods for data collection to enhance the robustness of the results. Another research implication is the need to explore, through a qualitative approach, the lecturer’s use of e-learning and perception of the process, outcome and needs or areas of improvement. This could unearth deeper issues that threaten the effective transition to and use of e-learning by higher education teachers.Practical implicationsOverall, our findings illuminate the importance of targeted policy and practice interventions to address attitudes, readiness and anxiety among lecturers, facilitating the successful implementation of e-learning initiatives within Nigerian higher education institutions.Social implicationsThe study underscores implications for e-learning integration, emphasizing the importance of considering various human and social factors alongside technical aspects.Originality/valueThis study adds to the existing literature by examining the level of lecturers' attitudes, readiness and anxiety toward the adoption of mandatory e-learning in schools and how these variables relate to drawings on a Nigerian sample.