bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast‐conserving surgery and radiotherapy: A comparison with ECOG study 5194
Authors: Motwani Sabin B. , Goyal Sharad , Moran Meena S. , Chhabra Arpit , Haffty Bruce G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Recent data from Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Study 5194 (E5194) prospectively defined a low‐risk subset of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients where radiation therapy was omitted after lumpectomy alone. The purpose of the study was to determine the ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) in DCIS patients who met the criteria of E5194 treated with lumpectomy and adjuvant whole breast radiation therapy (RT).METHODS:A total of 263 patients with DCIS were treated between 1980 and 2009 who met the enrollment criteria for E5194: 1) low to intermediate grade (LIG) with size >0.3 cm but <2.5 cm and margins >3 mm (n = 196), or 2) high grade (HG), size <1 cm and margins >3 mm (n = 67). All patients were treated with lumpectomy and whole breast RT with a boost to a median total tumor bed dose of 6400 cGy. Standard statistical analyses were performed with SAS (v. 9.2).RESULTS:The average follow‐up time was 6.9 years. The 5‐year and 7‐year IBTR for the LIG cohort in this study was 1.5% and 4.4% compared with 6.1% and 10.5% in E5194, respectively. The 5‐year and 7‐year IBTR for the HG cohort was 2.0% and 2.0% in this study compared with 15.3% and 18% in E5194, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Adjuvant whole breast radiation therapy reduced the rate of local recurrence by more than 70% in patients with DCIS who met the criteria of E5194 (6.1% to 1.5% in the LIG cohort and 15.3% to 2% in the HG cohort). Additional follow‐up is necessary given that 70% of IBTRs occurred after 5 years. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Tumor flare reaction associated with lenalidomide treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia predicts clinical response
Authors: Chanan‐Khan Asher , Miller Kena C. , Lawrence David , Padmanabhan Swaminathan , Miller Austin , Hernandez‐Illatazurri Francisco , Czuczman Myron S. , Wallace Paul K. , Zeldis Jerome B. , Lee Kelvin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), treatment with lenalidomide induces a unique, previously uncharacterized, immune response called tumor flare reaction (TFR). The clinical significance of this reaction remains unknown.METHODS:Forty‐five patients with CLL who were treated with lenalidomide in a phase 2 clinical trial were evaluated for the clinical features, intensity, and duration of TFR. Correlation was made with tumor response and the immune cellular microenvironment. Steroids for the prophylaxis of TFR was not given to patients in Group A (n = 29) whereas patients in Group B (n = 16) received low‐dose prednisone as well as a slow dose escalation of lenalidomide for the prevention of TFR.RESULTS:Thirty (67%) patients experienced a TFR, with a grade 2 or 3 reaction (according to National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria [version 3.0]) observed in 33% of patients (47% in Group A and 9% in Group B; P = .05). The median time to onset of the TFR was 6 days, and was longer in the patients receiving prophylaxis (4 days vs 9 days, respectively; P = .01). A complete response was observed in 7 of 30 (23%) patients with TFR and 1 of 15 (7%) patients without TFR. The median progression‐free survival was 19.9 months and 19.4 months, respectively, for patients with versus those without TFR (P = .92).CONCLUSIONS:TFR is a unique immune‐mediated phenomenon noted with lenalidomide treatment only in patients with CLL that correlates with clinical response. It can be effectively managed with anti‐inflammatory agents. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Overtreatment of men with low‐risk prostate cancer and significant comorbidity
Authors: Daskivich Timothy J. , Chamie Karim , Kwan Lorna , Labo Jessica , Palvolgyi Roland , Dash Atreya , Greenfield Sheldon , Litwin Mark S. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Men with low‐risk prostate cancer and significant comorbidity are susceptible to overtreatment. The authors sought to compare the impact of comorbidity and age on treatment choice in men with low‐risk disease.METHODS:The authors sampled 509 men with low‐risk prostate cancer diagnosed at the Greater Los Angeles and Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Centers between 1997 and 2004. Rates of aggressive treatment (radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, brachytherapy) were determined among men of different ages and with different Charlson comorbidity scores. Multivariate modeling was used to determine the influence of both variables in predicting nonaggressive treatment, and Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare the risk of other‐cause mortality among groups according to Charlson score and age.RESULTS:Men with Charlson scores ≥3 were treated aggressively in 54% of cases (30 of 56 men), while men aged >75 years at diagnosis were treated aggressively in 16% of cases (7 of 44 men). In multivariate analysis, age >75 years was a much stronger predictor of nonaggressive treatment (relative risk, 12.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4‐28.3) than a Charlson score ≥3 (relative risk, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3‐2.9). In survival analysis, men with Charlson scores ≥3 had an 8‐fold increased risk (hazard ratio, 8.4; 95% CI, 4.2‐16.6) and 70% probability of other‐cause mortality at 10 years, whereas age >75 years was associated with a 5‐fold increased risk (hazard ratio, 4.9; 95%CI, 1.7‐13.8) and a 24% probability of other‐cause mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Men with significant comorbidity often were overtreated for low‐risk prostate cancer. Like advanced age, significant comorbidity should be a strong relative contraindication to aggressive treatment in men with low‐risk disease. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Country of birth, socioeconomic factors, and risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Swedish study from 25 primary health‐care centres
Authors: Sundquist Kristina , Chaikiat Åsa , León Vania Ramírez , Johansson Sven‐Erik , Sundquist Jan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundFew large‐scale studies have examined the association between sociodemographic factors and the probability of reaching the recommended levels of haemoglobin A1c (HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$) and blood lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim was to investigate whether sociodemographic characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes affected the odds that they would reach recommended levels of blood lipids and HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$.MethodsThis study included 2912 men and 2136 women, in the age group of 35‐74, with diagnosed type 2 diabetes from 25 primary health‐care centres in Stockholm, Sweden. National population registers were linked to clinical data from electronic records and logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios.ResultsLess than half of the men and women with diabetes reached the recommended levels of HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$. Even fewer reached the recommended levels for total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. The gender differences favoured women, for HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$, and men, for blood lipids. Individuals with the lowest income levels were less likely to reach the recommended level of HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$. Country of birth showed that immigrants from Middle Eastern countries and other countries had lower odds of reaching the recommended levels of HbA$_{\rm{1c}}$.ConclusionThis study confirmed that risk factor control among patients with type 2 diabetes treated in primary health care is inadequate and that sociodemographic factors were associated with metabolic control. Future studies could include new strategies for the control of modifiable risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression patterns of ShcD and Shc family adaptor proteins during mouse embryonic development
Authors: Hawley Steve P. , Wills Melanie K.B. , Rabalski Adam J. , Bendall Andrew J. , Jones Nina 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe Src homology and collagen (Shc) proteins function as molecular adaptors in signaling pathways mediated by a variety of cell surface receptors. Of the four mammalian Shc proteins, ShcD is the least characterized. To this end, ShcD expression was documented and compared to that of other Shc family proteins. In the developing mouse embryo, expression of ShcD overlaps with that of other Shc proteins in the central nervous system, with specific distribution in post‐mitotic neurons. In addition, robust ShcD expression is seen within differentiated epithelial cells of several organs, as well as in skeletal and cardiac muscle, and various tissues of neural crest origin. Interestingly, all Shc family members are expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes, the first report of Shc protein expression in the developing skeleton. The unique tissue distribution patterns of Shc proteins likely contribute to their complex tissue‐specific signaling functions during embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum and organ‐associated anti‐hemoglobin humoral autoreactivity: Association with anti‐Sm responses and inflammation
Authors: Bhatnagar Harshita , Kala Smriti , Sharma Latika , Jain Sonia , Kim Kwang Sik , Pal Rahul 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe release of hemoglobin (Hb) occurs in some infectious and autoimmune diseases characterized by inflammation. As levels of haptoglobin (Hp) fall, free Hb can cause pathology. Humoral autoreactivity to human Hb was demonstrated in the sera of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), leishmania and malaria patients. Serum anti‐murine Hb antibody levels in lupus‐prone mice also exhibited an age‐dependent increase, with progressive organ sequestration; significant isotypic correlation was observed with anti‐dsDNA antibodies. A suggestive link between anti‐Hb and anti‐Sm responses was observed: Human lupus sera expressing anti‐Sm antibody reactivity preferentially contained heightened levels of anti‐Hb autoantibodies, and immunization of lupus‐prone mice with Sm led to enhanced anti‐murine Hb reactivity. Human and murine anti‐Hb monoclonal antibodies were generated, some of which were preferentially reactive toward disease‐associated methemoglobin. Epitope‐mapping studies revealed evidence of intra‐molecular cross‐reactivity. One such autoantibody synergized with Hb to enhance the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines while eliciting the increased production of monocyte migratory signals from endothelial cells. Preferential usage of specific variable region gene segments was not observed, although somatic mutations were documented. These studies reveal that, while the etiology, specificity and sequences of anti‐Hb autoreactive antibodies can vary, they occur quite frequently and can have inflammatory consequences.
Identification of Diastereomeric Cyano–Aqua Cobinamides with a Backbone‐Modified Vitamin B12 Derivative and with 1H NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Kai , Zelder Felix 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA new backbone‐modified vitamin B12 derivative with an unusual configuration at the cobalt center has been used for the identification of the two axial diastereomers of cyano–aqua cobinamides (Cbi) by using 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Bedload: a granular phenomenon
Authors: Frey Philippe , Church Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBedload, the transport of sediment remaining in contact with the stream bed, has mainly been studied from the perspective of the correlation between fluid driving forces and the responding sediment flux. Yet grain–grain interactions are important and bedload should also be considered as a granular phenomenon. We review progress made recently in the study of granular flows, especially on segregation and rheology, that better illuminates the nature of bedload. Granular flows may exhibit gas‐like or fluid‐like flow, or quasi‐solid deformation. All three conditions might be duplicated in bedload. Understanding of intense bedload transport occurring continuously in a layer several grains deep – typical of sand beds – might greatly benefit from results in granular physics, as illustrated by grain‐inspired bedload results. However, processes restricted to the surface of the bed, when particles move intermittently and the bed becomes structured, while characteristic in gravel‐bed channels, are not well addressed in granular physics. Mutual study of these phenomena may benefit both physics and fluvial geomorphology. We intend, therefore, to contribute to an enhanced dialogue between granular physics and bedload science communities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic impact of marginal mandibulectomy in the presence of superficial bone invasion and the nononcologic outcome
Authors: Chen Yih‐Long , Kuo Shih‐Wei , Fang Ku‐Hao , Hao Sheng‐Po 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of oral cavity cancer may require variable extent of mandibular resection. Marginal mandibulectomy is a controversial technique in providing oncologic resection margin. This study analyzes the efficacy of local oncologic control and the morbidity of marginal mandibulectomy in oral cavity carcinoma. Nononcologic complication of osteoradionecrosis is discussed.MethodsA retrospective cohort study analyzed clinicopathologic features of 43 patients with oral cavity cancer who underwent marginal mandibulectomy. Histologic mandibular invasion was examined as a function of local control and contribution to osteoradionecrosis.ResultsBone invasion was present in 16.3% of patients with marginal mandibulectomy. Local control rates were 85.7% in the bone invasion group and 77.8% in the no bone invasion group (p = .7). Osteoradionecrosis rates were 16.7% and 17.6%, respectively (p = .96). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups.ConclusionsMarginal mandibulectomy is oncologically sound in providing a safe resection margin in oral cavity cancer abutting or superficially invading the mandible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Teamwork in production: Implementation, its determinants, and estimates for German manufacturing
Authors: Bikfalvi Andrea 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe progressive use of teamwork as an element of workplace practices orients researchers to dedicate important efforts to study the phenomenon and its depths. Although team research has focused on a large variety of aspects—human, psychological, positional, technical, and economico‐strategic—less is known about the factors influencing or determining the incidence of such concepts. Implementation rates and the degree of spreading, as well as variables mentioned by previous studies as determinants, were tested on a sample of 1,298 manufacturing firms located in Germany. The results show that almost 2/3 of manufacturing establishments use teamwork in production and, on average, more than 50% of employees are involved in normally four‐ to nine‐person teams. The results of this study also sustain the initial hypothesis on the positive relationship among flexibility, complexity, new products, organizational concepts, and teamwork implementation in production. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Some empirical insights on diagnostic performance of the operating crew in a computer‐based advanced control room
Authors: Kim Jaewhan , Kim Jonghyun , Park Jinkyun , Jang Seung Cheol , Shin Yeong Cheol 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAs computer‐based design features are adopted in main control rooms of nuclear power plants, a human reliability analysis (HRA) method dealing with the effects of these design features on human behavior is needed. This article provides experimental results of human diagnostic performance characteristics in a computer‐based, full‐scope, dynamic simulator to inform some insights on developing an HRA method for a computer‐based advanced control room. In comparison to the performance time for diagnostic actions, it showed more or less faster performance in the computer‐based control room with a computer‐based emergency operating procedure (EOP) for an event scenario with an apparent diagnostic symptom than in the conventional control room with a paper‐based EOP, but it is also revealed that the diagnosis time is highly dependent on the situational characteristics of simulated events. Regarding the aspect of human error occurrence, a decision maker showed the potential for leading to a wrong conclusion regarding the plant state when he makes a situational assessment or makes a decision based on abnormal information by himself without communicating or consulting with other operators. Finally, regarding the aspects of error recovery, it showed that the error recovery potential becomes much higher for the advanced control room than for the conventional control room due to the information sharing and access capability of the advanced control room between and for all the crew members. It is expected that an HRA method for an advanced control room environment should adequately reflect these characteristics of human behavior in a computer‐based control room. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly (≥98 %) Selective Trisubstituted Alkene Synthesis of Wide Applicability via Fluoride‐Promoted Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Alkenylboranes
Authors: Negishi Ei‐ichi , Tobrman Tomas , Rao Honghua , Xu Shiqing , Lee Ching‐Tien 
Published: November 2010

Abstract(Z)‐β‐bromo‐1‐propenyl(pinacol)borane (4), recently made available in 85 % yield as a ≥98 % isomerically pure compound via bromoboration of 1‐propyne, has been converted to β‐alkyl‐, aryl‐, and alkenyl‐substituted (Z)‐2‐methyl‐1‐alkenyl(pinacol)boranes (2a) in ca. 75 % yield based on propyne via Pd‐catalyzed Negishi alkenylation with suitable organozinc bromide. The previously sluggish and modest‐yielding Suzuki alkenylation of β,β‐disubstituted alkenylboranes has been significantly promoted by fluorides, especially nBu4NF(TBAF) or CsF, to give trisubstituted alkenes, i.e., (Z)‐β‐Me‐substituted 3‐i–3‐xi and (E)‐β‐Ph‐substituted 2b–i and 2b–ii. In all cases, each alkene product was formed in a ≥98 % stereoselectivity. The propyne‐based protocol nicely complements the widely used Zr‐catalyzed alkyne methylalumination–Pd‐catalyzed alkenylation by providing a highly stereoselective(≥98 %) route to (Z)‐Me‐substituted alkenes.
Detection of bulky DNA lesions: DDB2 at the interface of chromatin and DNA repair in eukaryotes
Authors: Jones Kristi L. , Zhang Ling , Seldeen Kenneth L. , Gong Feng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBulky DNA damage is corrected by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Although the core biochemical mechanism of NER is understood, details including lesion recognition and repair in the context of chromatin remain to be elucidated. As more data become available, the complexity of lesion recognition in chromatin is becoming clear. This review will discuss current knowledge of DNA damage recognition in the context of chromatin, with a focus on the roles of chromatin remodeling and the specific lesion recognition protein DDB2 (DNA damage‐binding protein 2) in chromatin repair. Additionally, we propose a model that ubiquitination‐mediated DDB2 dissociation from chromatin, not its degradation, is important for GG‐NER progression. © IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(11): 803–811, 2010.
When Kahneman meets Manski: Using dual systems of reasoning to interpret subjective expectations of equity returns
Authors: Gouret Fabian , Hollard Guillaume 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo understand how decisions to invest in stocks are taken, economists need to elicit expectations regarding risk–return tradeoff. One of the few surveys which has elicited such expectations is the Survey of Economic Expectations in 1999–2001. Using the data from this survey, Dominitz and Manski find considerable heterogeneity across respondents that cannot be explained by simple models of expectations formation. Adapting a principle of dual reasoning borrowed from Kahneman, this paper classifies respondents according to their sensitivity to some pathologies. We find a substantial amount of unobserved heterogeneity between the least and the most sensitive respondents. We then sketch a model of expectations formation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2010 Panel on the Biomaterials Grand Challenges
Authors: Reichert William “Monty” , Ratner Buddy D. , Anderson James , Coury Art , Hoffman Allan S. , Laurencin Cato T. , Tirrell David 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn 2009, the National Academy for Engineering issued the Grand Challenges for Engineering in the 21st Century comprised of 14 technical challenges that must be addressed to build a healthy, profitable, sustainable, and secure global community (http://www.engineeringchallenges.org). Although crucial, none of the NEA Grand Challenges adequately addressed the challenges that face the biomaterials community. In response to the NAE Grand Challenges, Monty Reichert of Duke University organized a panel entitled Grand Challenges in Biomaterials at the at the 2010 Society for Biomaterials Annual Meeting in Seattle. Six members of the National Academies—Buddy Ratner, James Anderson, Allan Hoffman, Art Coury, Cato Laurencin, and David Tirrell—were asked to propose a grand challenge to the audience that, if met, would significantly impact the future of biomaterials and medical devices. Successfully meeting these challenges will speed the 60‐plus year transition from commodity, off‐the‐shelf biomaterials to bioengineered chemistries, and biomaterial devices that will significantly advance our ability to address patient needs and also to create new market opportunities. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Internucleotide J‐couplings and chemical shifts of the NH···N hydrogen‐bonds in the radiation‐damaged guanine‐cytosine base pairs
Authors: Li Huifang , Zhang Laibin , Han Li , Sun Wenming , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInternucleotide 2hJNN spin‐spin couplings and chemical shifts (δ(1H) and Δδ(15N)) of NH···N H‐bond units in the natural and radiation‐damaged G‐C base pairs were predicted using the appropriate density functional theory calculations with a large basis set. Four possible series of the damaged G‐C pairs (viz., dehydrogenated and deprotonated G‐C pairs, GC•− and GC•+ radicals) were discussed carefully in this work. Computational NMR results show that radicalization and anionization of the base pairs can yield strong effect on their 2hJNN spin scalar coupling constants and the corresponding chemical shifts. Thus, variations of the NMR parameters associated with the NH···N H‐bonds may be taken as an important criterion for prejudging whether the natural G‐C pair is radiation‐damaged or not. Analysis shows that 2hJNN couplings are strongly interrelated with the energy gaps (ΔELP→σ*) and the second‐order interaction energies (E(2)) between the donor N lone‐pair (LPN) and the acceptor σ*NH localized NBO orbitals, and also are sensitive to the electron density distributions over the σ*(NH) orbital, indicating that 2hJNN couplings across the NH···N H‐bonds are charge‐transfer‐controlled. This is well supported by variation of the electrostatic potential surfaces and corresponding charge transfer amount between G and C moieties. It should be noted that although the NMR spectra for the damaged G‐C pair radicals are unavailable now and the states of the radicals are usually detected by the electron spin resonance, this study provides a correlation of the properties of the damaged DNA species with some of the electronic parameters associated with the NMR spectra for the understanding of the different state character of the damaged DNA bases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011.