bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Legal Structure in the Development of South Asian Tigers
Authors: Banerjee Sourav , Singh Ashish Kumar , Puppalla Sudha Reddy 
Published: February 2012

There are many factors which contribute to the development of an economy. Some of them are geographical location, availability of natural resources, and availability of skilled workforce. Economic growth and social development are also affected by the legal procedures and mechanisms through which norms are enforced and interpreted by the court system and alternative dispute resolution mechanism. This paper intends to bring into light the legal aspects of the South Asian Tigers, which have aided the development of these countries. The four countries that have been studied are Malaysia, Indonesia, South Korea and Singapore. The reason for choosing these countries is that they have witnessed immense development in the near past and hence make an interesting subject for study. The amount of development these countries have witnessed can be made out from their human developmental figures over the past few decades. The emphasis is placed on the industrial relations aspect and hence the labour laws of these countries have been referred to. The legal provisions relating to industrial relations from these four countries have been analyzed and commonalities, which contributed to development, have been identified.
The Power of Empowerment
Authors: Singh J. 
Published: February 2012

King Solomon, the icon of wisdom, is reported to have remarked that there is nothing new under the sun. Everything in God's creation has always been around us. What changes is our perception and awareness of them. At any instant, we notice some things and overlook many others. As time marches on, we stumble across (or discover!) facets of the universe we had not noticed earlier. They may appear new to us, but in fact, they are as ageless as creation itself. Empowerment is an example. Though some may proclaim it to be a new management tool, its underlying principles are, in fact, timeless—albeit largely ignored in our day-to-day conduct. It was always known that, among all the resources at management's command, it is only people who are blessed with an extraordinarily creative mind with infinite potential. There is no limit to what they can think of and accomplish. Given the right environment, they can overcome all challenges and excel at whatever they undertake to achieve. In essence, they are the real source of all competitive advantage. Furthermore, the power of their innate creativity is multiplied manifold when coupled with esprit de corps. Sharp thinking and high motivation is an explosively potent combination. Regrettably, however, we have not always acted according to this axiom. In practice, we appear to have been guided more often by deep-rooted suspicions about the mental capabilities and potential of people. We have proceeded on the assumption that they are quite erratic in their ways, indolent by nature, incapable of assuming responsibility, and sometimes even mischievous. Therefore, the only way to get them to perform reliably is to straitjacket them in a traditional command-and-control structure. Tell them what to do, and how; ensure compliance through ever-watchful control mechanisms, and a regime of incentives or punishments. McGregor labeled this approach as Theory X. It still has many confirmed followers.
Lending Efficiency of Indian Commercial Banks: A Data Envelopment Approach
Authors: Sinha Ram Pratap 
Published: February 2012

The lending environment in the Indian commercial banking industry changed considerably in the reform years following widening of priority sector definition, dismantling of Credit Authorisation Scheme and introduction of risk based supervision. In this context, the present paper attempts to compare the performances of commercial banks in the reform period in respect of lending (in a cost minimisation framework) making use of Data Envelopment Analysis – a non-parametric method which is quite suitable for making inter-(productive)unit comparison. The commercial banks have been assumed to obey constant returns to scale. The results obtained from the study are as under: (i) The observed private sector commercial banks exhibited higher mean cost efficiency than the observed public sector commercial banks. This is perhaps indicative of the problems that persist in the lending environment which caused the public sector commercial banks to shy away from lending. (ii) The difference in cost efficiency scores emanated mainly from differences in mean allocative efficiency scores exhibited by the two bank groups. Further, the observed commercial banks show considerable fluctuations in allocative efficiency scores across the years.
Strategies for Transformation of Work Culture in West Bengal: A Study of Some Recently Acquired Industrial Units of West Bengal
Authors: Sengupta Goutam 
Published: February 2012

An industrial resurgence is said to be taking place in the State of West Bengal as it is evident from enhanced interests shown by the investors. Industrial relations data, however, show a mixed picture. Certain industries are doing quite well and claim to have turned around their business results, whereas, there are some who are not posting impressive results as yet. There have been spurt of industrial acquisitions which are taking place in the State and many industries which closed down earlier due to labour relations problem are turning around in the post acquisition period. There are, however, cases of failures where the acquired industries could not show long term sustainable results. The author has undertaken research work on recendy acquired industrial units of West Bengal. This article outlines excerpts of the above research work and attempts describe successful strategies for transformation of work culture in the current scenario in the State of West Bengal.
Corporate Governance, Risk Management and Internal Audit: A Case Study
Authors: Chatterjee D. , Bose S. K. 
Published: February 2012

To begin with, it would be appropriate to note definitions of the two terms, ‘Corporate governance’ and ‘Risk management’. Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development defines ‘Corporate Governance’ as a ‘set of relationship between company's management, its board, its shareholders and other stakeholders. Corporate governance also provides the structure through which the objectives of the company are determined. Good corporate governance should provide proper incentives for the board and management to pursue objectives that are in the interest of the company and its shareholders/stakeholders and should facilitate effective monitoring, thereby encouraging firms to use resources more effectively. ‘Risk management’, on the other hand, is defined as the identification, analysis and economic control of all such risks that may threaten assets, resources, or earning capacity of a firm/company. Risk management is in reality ‘an all business activities embracing’ tool and with a high standard of risk management, it would naturally be possible to ensure high standard of corporate governance. The close relationship between corporate governance and risk management can thus be easily understood.
Study of Relationship of Demographic Factors with Brand Choice and Brand Switching of Customers of Mobile Phone Service Providers in Kolkata
Authors: Chakraborty Shibashish , Sengupta Kalyan 
Published: February 2012

Mobile phone service providers must understand the relationship between demographic profiles of their customers and brand choice of their existing service providers. It is important for mobile phone service providers to explore the relationship between demographic factors and brand switching of customers. This article endeavors to make a detailed study on important demographic variables of customers affecting brand switching of customers. This study will highlight pertinent aspects of prediction of switching proclivity of customers from one service provider to another. We thank Dr Ramaprosad Bondyopadhaya, Professor, Mathematics Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata and Dr Dilip Kumar Chakraborty, Teacher-in-charge, Netajinagar Day College, Kolkata for their valued comments on this article.
A Survey on Addiction to the Internet and its Psychological/Social Effects among Female Internet Users in Isfahan City 2006
Authors: Iravani Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this investigation is to study the internet addition and its psychological-social effects in female internet users in Isfahan City, in the year 2006. The statistical population of this study was the whole population of the female internet users of the cities of Isfahan and Shaheenshar. 115 people (54 single females and 61 married females) who were the internet users of Isfahan City comprised the sample of this study. They were selected using the multi strata cluster sampling method. The instrument of this investigation was a researcher-made questionnaire which contained 23 items measuring addiction to the Internet. The following four questions were suggested in this study: • What are the characteristics of the population of the Internet-addicted users in Isfahan City? • How is the addiction to the Internet among the female Internet users in Isfahan City? • How are the common psychological disorders among the female Internet addicted users in Isfahan City? • How are the social effects of using the Internet among the Internet addicted females in Isfahan City? What follows is some of the obtained results. Addiction to the Internet among the Internet-addicted females is more than the average level. The percentage of addiction to the Internet is not the same in different female age groups. The Internet-addicted female users prefer using the Internet to being with their family, walking around with others, and visiting relatives and friends. Use of the Internet is interesting and different for the usual life of people who are emotionally depressed. It may also lead to the seclusion of some female Internet-dependent users. Most of the female Internet-addicted users believe that the use of the Internet is psychologically pacifying and the troubles caused by others or disruption in Internet connection make them nervous. Statistical methods used in this study: one-variable tests, Chi-square.
Transactional Styles and Gender — A Co-relational Study
Authors: Chirayath Susan 
Published: February 2012

Studying interpersonal relationships is a complex subject that is often given inadequate attention by behavioral scientists. Each individual in a group has unique interpersonal style that has been shaped by the lifetime of their experience with others. Interpersonal styles help a person to relate in positive or negative ways with superiors, subordinates and peers. This may mean being able to make and keep friendly relationships as well as being able to end relationships constructively. The study was done at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Kochi Refinery, erstwhile Kochi Refineries Limited, Ambalamughal, which is one of the premiere refineries in India. The refinery has a capacity of 7.5 million metric tons per annum, which is about to be expanded to 10.5 MMTPA. The study is an attempt from the behavioral perspective of individuals to understand the predominant interpersonal style of officers in Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Kochi Refinery and also to analyze whether the transactional styles are same or different for male and female officers. The study takes into account factors like Transactional Analysis, Ego States and the 12 different Interpersonal Styles. It deals with assuming the level of OK styles displayed in the organization and developing strategies to improve the OK styles and reduce the Not-OK styles so that the interpersonal behavior is optimized which will lead to organizational effectiveness which is the assumption made in this study. The primary data collection was done with the help of a questionnaire and secondary data was collected from magazines, journals and the Internet. The size of the sample was 132 consisting of 118 males and 14 females where 17 were top-level officers, 73 were middle level officers and 42 were junior level officers. The sample consists of 62 officers from technical departments and 70 officers from non-technical departments. The sample was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The study revealed that the operating effectiveness quotient of the officers could be generalized to be average. Also there is need for training in creative child and regulating parent ego states. The study also revealed that there is significant difference between the transactional styles of male and female officers.
Organisational Role Stress among Women in the Private Sector
Authors: Srivastava Shalini , Verma Prashant 
Published: February 2012

Employees, who are married, are part of a family with members having at least two different careers and influence of at least two different organisations. In the context of married women employees it is increasingly difficult for them to find time to fulfil their commitment towards home, spouse, children, parents and friends. They are increasingly recognizing that work is infringing on their personal lives, and they are not happy about it. Recent studies suggest that employees want jobs that give them flexibility in their work schedules or work culture which facilitates better management of work-life conflicts. Organisations now often find women employee a part of their best performing teams, if they cannot be helped to achieve work-life balance, it will become increasingly difficult for management to attract and retain this human resource, which otherwise are capable and motivated. The present study intends to identify the major causes and remedies of work-life conflict which a working married woman face in the current scenario. It also intends to evaluate the importance of family-friendly work arrangements towards a joyful organisation. This paper attempts to investigate the intensity of organisational role stress which a married woman perceives as compared to an unmarried one. It further attempts to study the differences in the level of stress between married and unmarried women on several role stressors.
Perception of Employees on Human Capital Valuation with Special Reference to Software Industries
Authors: Indradevi R. , Gomathi S. 
Published: February 2012

As we move forward in a knowledge-driven economy, human capital becomes one of the major building blocks towards sustainable growth. There is a shift in tactics for those who manage Human Resources. The idea is that, contrary to the old HR theory that emphasized people as the most fundamental asset to a company Human Capital Management, or HCM is focused on the right kind of people to get the job done. Indeed, the theory behind Human Capital Management is first and foremost the transformation of a worker into a resource that is competitive. The entire human resources industry is scrambling to keep up with this trend, and the most successful are those who proactively seek to mould new labour into an asset that is potentially profitable to a company. In today's environment, the key lies in understanding the value of people. We have come to realize that there is no management without measurement. Accounting and valuation of vuman vapital empowers companies to realize the power of their people and to leverage them to their full business potential. Human vapital valuation is a unique proposition that gives companies a strategic weapon to combat competition. This article focuses on the perception of employees on human capital valuation, with special reference to software companies in Chennai. The target respondents of the study are the employees in some software companies in Chennai. A questionnaire comprising 25 questions were distributed to the 250 respondents and an analysis was done on their responses to study the perception of employees in valuing the human resources as an asset of the organization. This study enlightens us to understand that the value of human capital towards the accomplishment of organizational goals and strategies. The findings of the study reveal that valuing human capital increases the efficiency of the organization. Human capital valuation leads to the accomplishment of organizational goals. The respondents responded that the expenses made on Human Capital and the revenue earned from human capital need to be accounted, but need not be displayed in the balance sheet of the company as it a very sensitive issue.
Stress and Coping Strategies
Authors: Suresh S. 
Published: February 2012

Stress is believed to be a state of the mind as well as the body, created by certain biochemical reactions in the human body as well as psychological responses to situations, and is reflected by a sense of anxiety, tension and depression and is caused by such demands by the environmental forces or internal forces that cannot be met by the resources available to the person. The greater the gap between the demands and the resources, the greater is the degree of stress. Some of the individual strategies for coping with stress include: readjustment of life goals, support from family and friends, planning certain events of life in advance and keeping the body in good physiological shape by proper diet, exercise, yoga, meditation and biofeedback. Some of the organizational strategies for coping with stress include organized health maintenance facilities as a part of the organizational life, matching of employees qualifications with job requirements, job enrichment and job work redesigns, equitable performance appraisal and reward systems, participation in organizational decision making and building team spirit in the sense that there should be no interpersonal conflict within the group. All these strategies or a combination thereof should be applied to make the work environment less stressful to a level which is positive and challenging.
Impact of Authority Decentralization on Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Study of Development Projects in Kerala
Authors: Farooq Ayesha , Dinney Mathew K. 
Published: February 2012

‘Development’ is the most fascinating word ever since humanity thought about the transformation of human collectivities. Development is defined as a natural process of social evolution effecting changes in all fields of social life. Development projects are basic instruments of intervention to bring about some form of change and means by which external assistance is brought to influence the development of a particular area or region. Development projects are widely seen as a vehicle for achieving development in various sectors in the coming era. While analyzing the success or failure of any development endeavor, it can be seen as predominantly the result of a set of factors operating collectively. Commitment to organization is considered a key element in the successful attainment of project goals. This study has tried to find out the existence of any relationship between organizational commitment and authority decentralization of two types of development projects, viz., authority centralized organizations and authority decentralized organizations.
Are They Managers or Caretakers?
Authors: Adhikari Harasankar 
Published: February 2012

The globalized world has created a global prospect in the business economy. That's why the specialized personnel are required to carry on the target purposefully. According to the need and demand of the market there are so many specialized fields in education being oriented nowadays. Like, management specialization is most significant field to cope with the situation. The management qualified personnel are mainly taking the responsibility to meet the desired goal of globalized economy. Specially they are the key facilitators for matching corporate world. But in case of unorganized sectors the personnel with a basic education mostly at primary level are facilitating the job of manager as like as a corporate manager having the management education or like that. Our study has concentrated on the managers in private transport sector (private bus) who have maintain all managerial functions with full confidence and reliability.
Decision Latitude, Psychological Job Demands and Work-Life Imbalance — A Study among Software Professionals
Authors: Gunavathy J. S. , Thenmozhi R. 
Published: February 2012

The sunshine sector of the Indian economy — the Information Technology (IT) sector has been beneficial to the country in many aspects. It has not only helped India gain a prominent place in the global business scenario, it has also provided enormous employment opportunities with international exposure to the youth of India, given handsome pay-checks, fetched foreign exchange and above all redefined the concept of work. However, not everything is smooth sailing for these knowledge workers. Work-life balance is a growing concern for this genre of employees. In the light of the changing paradigms of work, a study was carried out among software professionals to seek answers to the following research questions: (i) What is the extent of work-life imbalance experienced by the software professionals? (ii) What is the relationship between the socio-demographic variables, job correlates (namely decision latitude and psychological job demands) and work-life imbalance of the respondents? Descriptive research design was used for this study. The study was conducted among 90 software professionals, in Chennai. The respondents were chosen randomly from leading IT companies in Chennai. The main source of data for the study was the primary sources i.e., the respondents themselves. The results of this empirical study portray the extent of work-life imbalance among other key findings of the software engineers in the city of Chennai.
Relationship between Organizational Support and Managerial Effectiveness: An Exploration
Authors: Srivastava Manjari , Sinha Arvind K. 
Published: February 2012

This study is an exploration towards identifying the relationship between certain organizational support variables and managerial effectiveness variables. The organizational support variables were facultative climate of work unit, motivation management plans, organizational norms and values, technologically conducive work conditions and lack of non work norms. Managerial effectiveness was conceptualized in terms of competence, satisfaction, conflict resolution, need fulfillment, value realization, self-concept and recognition. Factor analysis and canonical correlations were sought to answer the research questions. Factor-Analysis results revealed the underlying dimensions of the variables under study. Canonical correlations revealed that a positive significant relationship existed between these two.