bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STEFFANOLAMPUS, A NEW GENUS FORPERILAMPUS SALICETUM(CHALCIDOIDEA) AND ITS NEARCTIC DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Peck Oswald 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPerilampus salicetumSteffan (Chalcidoidea) is removed to the monotypicSteffanolampus(gen. nov.). The type series was dubiously reported as being taken in either Austria or the Far East but the species has been subsequently found only from Quebec to Maryland and Michigan, as well as in Washington State. It is associated with several anobiid beetles.
SELECTION FOR A NON-GENITALIC MATING STRUCTURE IN FEMALE TIGER BEETLES OF THE GENUSCICINDELA(COLEOPTERA: CICINDELIDAE)
Authors: Freitag Richard 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFemales of species inCicindelahave a groove or pit in the mesepisternum which is concluded to be a mating structure, "coupling sulcus," that is held by the mandibles of the male. Six character states of the coupling sulcus are described, and may be useful for identification at the species and species group levels. Primitive (groove) and advanced (cavity) states of the coupling sulcus are derived by comparison with a classification of North and South AmericanCicindelabased on the male genitalia. I suggest the following hypothesis: the female mating structure evolved in response to the highly agile behaviour of diurnal tiger beetles; the advanced cavity-like coupling sulcus is a result of population adjustments to long periods of hot conditions; and the non-agile, crepuscular, and nocturnal habits of primitive tiger beetles such asAmblycheila,Omus, andMegacephalahave resulted in no selection for a female mesepisternum coupling sulcus.
NEARCTIC RECORDS OF TWO EUROPEAN SPECIES OF PTEROMALIDAE (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA)
Authors: Peck Oswald 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo chalcidoid species, previously known only from Europe, are reported from North America for the first time.Habritys brevicornis(Ratz.) occurs in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia.Psilonotus achaeusWlk. (=Eutelus betulaeGrit., new syn.) occurs in Ontario, New York, and Michigan; it parasitizesOligotrophus betulaeWinn. (Cecidomyiidae) in seed of white birch.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OFLAMBDINA FISCELLARIA LUGUBROSA(LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)
Authors: Ostaff D. P. , Borden J. H. , Shepherd R. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCalling by newly emerged femaleLambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa(Hulst) began the first evening and commenced 15 h after the onset of light in nature and in a 14L:10D photoperiod regime in the laboratory. Copulation began 0.5 to 1.5 h later, and moths remained in copulation an average of 3.45 h. The internal reproductive system is typical of ditrysian-type Lepidoptera. Mating usually resulted in the transfer of a single, spheroid spermatophore with a long collum. The spermatophore was placed in the bursa copulatrix in such a position that spermatozoa could leave through the aperture into the ductus seminalis. The greatest mating success occurred between 2- to 4-day-old males and females up to 4 days old. Maximum oviposition occurred on the day after mating. Numbers of eggs maturing and being laid were increased after mating. Mean longevity of mated and unmated females in the laboratory was 18.1 and 20.8 days, respectively. Mating success was greatest at a 6:1 male to female sex ratio, and progressively less at a 1:1 and 1:6 sex ratio. Males mated only once in a 24-h period, but were capable of multiple mating. Females usually accepted one spermatophore but occasionally up to three were found.
CUTWORMS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) OF TOBACCO IN NOVA SCOTIA: II. FALL RYE AND WINTER FALLOW EFFECTS ON A FIELD POPULATION
Authors: Specht H. B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwice as many larvae of the dark-sided cutworm, Euxoa messoria Harr., were found in rye fall-seeded tobacco field plots than in winter-fallowed tobacco field plots. There were corresponding differences in numbers of injured tobacco plants. Cutworm aggregations were more prominent in the winter rye than in the winter fallowed area of the tobacco field with low populations of dark-sided cutworms.Larvae of the variegated cutworm, Peridroma saucia Hbn., appeared 2 to 4 weeks later than dark-sided cutworm larvae and winter cultural methods had little effect on their numbers.
THE LONCHAEIDAE (DIPTERA) DESCRIBED BY BIGOT
Authors: McAlpine J. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe taxonomic identities of the Lonchaeidae described by Bigot, i.e., Lasiops nitens from Europe and Ophyra andina from Chile, are established from their holotypes in the Hope Department of Zoology collection, University Museum, Oxford, England.
A 2-YEAR STUDY OF VIRUS – CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE COMBINATION IN THE INTEGRATED CONTROL OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM,CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA(TORTRICIDAE: LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors: Morris O. N. , Armstrong J. A. , Howse G. M. , Cunningham J. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDuring 1972, spruce budworm infested white spruce and balsam fir trees were sprayed aerially with a low dose of fenitrothion (0.25 oz AI/ac), entomopox virus (EPV) at 7.6 × 1010polyhedra/ac, nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) at 2.7 × 1011polyhedra/ac, or each virus–fenitrothion combination. Fenitrothion (active ingredient), NPV, and EPV deposited at ground level at 5%, 31%, and 42%, respectively, of the amounts emitted.In the year of application, NPV + fenitrothion was highly effective in population reduction and foliage protection especially on; balsam fir although a higher virus infection rate was found on white spruce than on balsam fir. EPV + fenitrothion also provided a high level of foliage protection and apparently reduced surviving female:male sex ratio to 1:2 compared with the normal 1:1 ratio. NPV + insecticide caused highest larval mortality, highest incidence of virus, lowest rate of moth emergence, fewest progeny, and lowest rate of progeny survival. The natural incidence of microsporidia was low in all plots.In the year following application, the NPV + insecticide treated plot again showed lowest population density, highest larval mortality and incidence of virus, and low defoliation and egg mass density. However, there was a higher proportion of viable eggs deposited than in the previous year. Egg parasitism byTrichogramma minutumincreased by 1.5 to 4.2% in plots treated with virus only and declined by 1.6 to 10.5% in insecticide treated plots and by 1.2% in untreated check plot. The transmission of the virus from one year to the next is considered to be of paramount importance in the future use of this pathogen in spruce budworm control.
RESPONSES AND COMPETITION OF THE PARASITOIDS SPALANGIA ENDIUS AND MUSCIDIFURAX RAPTOR (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) AT DIFFERENT DENSITIES OF HOUSE FLY PUPAE
Authors: Ables J. R. , Shepard M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe functional response of Spalangia endius Walker was described by a linear relationship between attack rate and density of house fly pupae. S. endius searched well at higher host densities and in 72 h, appeared capable of attacking more than 80 pupae per female under laboratory conditions. The response of Muscidifurax raptor G. & S. was quadratic as poor searching ability limited this parasitoid’s attack rate at high host densities. Individual parasitoid efficiency of both species was reduced by intraspecific competition when parasitoid density was increased.
A REVISION OF THE GENUS SYMPHOROMYIA FRAUENFELD (DIPTERA: RHAGIONIDAE): I. INTRODUCTION. SUBGENERA AND SPECIES-GROUPS. REVIEW OF BIOLOGY
Authors: Turner William J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe Holarctic genus Symphoromyia, the biting snipe flies, is discussed and a taxonomic history of the group is reviewed. Five subgenera including Symphoromyia s. str., Paraphoromyia Becker, and three new subgenera, Axinicera, Pogonaria and Ochleromyia, are established and a key for their separation and recognition of included species-groups is presented. Each subgenus and its associated species-groups are discussed and compared with respect to distribution, morphology, and evolutionary trends. Known aspects of biology for the genus are presented to include: (1) a generalized life cycle; (2) immatures; (3) natural enemies; (4) female biting activity; (5) male swarm behavior.
CONTROL OF CODLING MOTH LARVAE IN HARVESTED APPLES BY METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION AND COLD STORAGE
Authors: Morgan C. V. G. , Gaunce A. P. , Jong C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAll codling moth larvae, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), in 100,000 infested apples were killed by fumigation with 32 g/m3 methyl bromide for 2 h at about 17 °C followed by 31–35 days of storage at −0.5 °C. The apples were harvested into bins, fumigated, and placed in a standard cold storage room of a grower’s packinghouse as would be done under commercial conditions. Standard cold storage killed all first and second, and some third, instar larvae in nonfumigated fruit. Cursory sampling indicated that fumigation alone, without subsequent cold storage, could kill all stages. The fumigation and storage treatment did not injure Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, Spartan, Jonathan, or Newtown apples.
DIETARY INFLUENCE ON REPRODUCTION IN BOTH SEXES OF FIVE PREDACIOUS SPECIES (NEUROPTERA)
Authors: Tauber Maurice J. , Tauber Catherine A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAlthough the species that were closely related had similar adult feeding habits, they varied in their specific dietary requirements for mating and for the initiation of oviposition. In Chrysopa lanata, which is not predacious in the adult stage, the females required a protein-carbohydrate diet in order to mate; on the other hand, Chrysopa downesi males and females, which also are not predacious, mated when fed a diet consisting only of sugar and water. Chrysopa nigricornis males and females both required prey (Myzus persicae) before they would mate; whereas Chrysopa quadripunctata and Sympherobius amiculus, both of which are predacious as adults, did not need a diet other than sugar and water for mating.All five species depended on prey or a synthetic protein-carbohydrate diet for sustained oviposition; however, S. amiculus initiated oviposition when fed only sugar. When the synthetic protein-carbohydrate diet was substituted for prey, 40% of the C. quadripunctata females began to oviposit. The same diet did not promote oviposition in the predacious C. nigricornis adults.
CHANGES IN TRIGLYCERIDE FATTY ACIDS DURING BROOD PRODUCTION OF DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Nijholt W. W. , Sahota T. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe triglyceride fatty acids of the Douglas-fir beetle,Dendroctonus pseudotsugaeHopk., were studied 0–21 days during the beetle’s reproductive period. Fatty acids present were identified as myristic (14:0), palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), and linoleic (18:2). Palmitic acid increased from 12 to 23%, while palmitoleic decreased from 15 to 6% of the total triglyceride fatty acids during reproduction. Oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in both sexes (approx. 65%) and formed 55% of the fatty acid moiety of the egg triglycerides.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENTAL RATE OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE ALFALFA WEEVIL, HYPERA POSTICA (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Authors: Guppy J. C. , Mukerji M. K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWhen Hypera postica (Gyll.) was held at 11 constant temperatures, the hatching rate for eggs increased with rise in temperature from 8° to 20 °C and remained maximal to 32 °C. None hatched at 6 °C. Larvae survived at 10° to 35 °C with high mortality only at these limits. Pupae survived at all temperatures above 10 °C but at 35 °C half of the adults were deformed. Duration of all stages decreased with rise in temperature up to 32 °C. Developmental rates plotted against temperature did not deviate significantly from fitted curves of the form 1/y = K/(1 + ea−bx).The optimum temperature, based on maximal rates of development and survival, for eggs and young larvae was near 32 °C and for older larvae and pupae, 30 °C. Accumulated degree-days above a base of 10 °C during development of H. postica at two Ontario locations did not differ significantly from thermal requirements calculated.
A NEW GENUS RELATED TO DIORYCTRIA ZELLER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE: PHYCITINAE), WITH DEFINITION OF AN ADDITIONAL SPECIES GROUP IN DIORYCTRIA
Authors: Mutuura Akira , Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe new genus Dioryctriodes is described for D. daelei n. sp., from Italy. This species closely resembles Dioryctria taiella Amsel in maculation but not in palpal structure or genitalia. D. taiella is referred to a new species-group of Dioryctria.
ANOBIID BEETLE, XYLETINUS PELTATUS (COLEOPTERA: ANOBIIDAE), OVIPOSITION ON VARIOUS WOODS
Authors: Williams Lonnie H. , Mauldin Joe K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRandom populations of field-collected Xyletinus peltatus (Harris) beetles laid significantly more eggs on yellow-poplar than on any of seven other woods placed in a crawl space beneath a house and in a controlled environment. Egg deposition of random beetle populations when confined to individual woods was generally greatest on woods most often chosen for choice oviposition, but no significant statistical preference was shown for any wood. In tests with beetles collected in copula to ensure equal representation of sexes and that mating had occurred, yellow-poplar was again preferred for egg-laying. Variability in oviposition and fewer eggs per female by beetles collected while mating suggests that these beetles may have mated and laid eggs previously. The third test, with wood of varying ages since tree felling, suggested that beetles prefer at least some woods to be aged and also indicated preference for yellow-poplar. In all three choice experiments beetles showed a significant preference for block undersurfaces for egg-laying; this preference possibly indicated responses to changing ambient light conditions. Egg-laying females appeared to respond first to favored hosts, then to block undersurfaces or oviposition site characteristics. Both host species and wood surface features would affect susceptibility to beetle attack.
DIGAMASELLUS BERLESE, 1905, AND DENDROLAELAPS HALBERT, 1915, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW TAXA OF DIGAMASELLIDAE (ACARINA: MESOSTIGMATA)
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractConceptual and nomenclatural problems of Digamasellus Berlese, 1905 and Dendrolaelaps Halbert, 1915 are reviewed. It is shown that Digamasellus punctum (Berlese, 1904) is conspecific with D. perpusillus Berlese, 1905, the type-species of Digamasellus Berlese, 1905 (new synonymy). Hence, the genus in which punctum is included must take the name Digamasellus.A new case is made for recognizing Digamasellus and Dendrolaelaps as distinct genera in the Digamasellidae. Two other genera of Digamasellidae are recognized, Dendroseius Karg, 1965 and a broadened concept of Longoseius Chant, 1961. Two new subgenera are proposed, Dendrolaelaspis in the genus Dendrolaelaps, and Longoseiulus in the genus Longoseius. Diagnoses, descriptions, and a key to these genera and subgenera of Digamasellidae, along with a comprehensive description of the family, are presented. The phylogenetic relationship of the Digamasellidae in the Rhodacaroidea, and some thoughts on phylogeny within the Digamasellidae are given.A second species of Digamasellus sensu stricto, D. australis, is described as new, and the female and male adults of the type-species of Longoseius, L. (L.) cuniculus Chant, are described for the first time. New combinations include: Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) orientalis (Bhattacharyya), Longoseius (Longoseiulus) longulus (Hirschmann), L. (L.) ornatus (Hirschmann), L. (L.) aberrans (Hirschmann), and L. (L.) brachypoda (Hurlbutt).The absence of the protonymphal seta, md, from the telotarsi of legs II to IV is noted as a singular deficiency in the leg setation of Longoseius cuniculus Chant. This seta is not known to be absent in any other species among the families of Gamasina.A paper published by Hirschmann while the present work was in press is considered in an addendum to this paper. The subgeneric name Dendrolaelaps (Tridendrolaelaps) Hirschmann, 1974 is an objective junior synonym of Digamasellus Berlese, 1905, and the latter also has priority over Dendrolaelaps Halbert, 1915 so long as both names are applied within the same genus. A lectotype is designated for the nominal species Digamasellus punctum (Berlese). The status of the subgenus Dendrolaelaps (Multidendrolaelaps) Hirschmann, 1974 is problematic, pending a more comprehensive diagnosis providing data sufficient to indicate whether this is a monophyletic group. The quadrisetus group is newly proposed for some of the species placed by Hirschmann in the armatus group of Multidendrolaelaps. Digamasellus badenhorsti (Ryke) is tentatively considered as the second known species of Dendroseius Karg. Hirschmann's opinion, that Longoseius Chant warrants no more than a species-group in Dendrolaelaps, is disputed.
A REVIEW OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE APHRODINA (RHYNCHOTA: HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE NEARCTIC FAUNA
Authors: Hamilton K. G. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe subtribe Aphrodina of the Aphrodini is an essentially Palaearctic group with eight Nearctic species, of which six are apparently all recently introduced from Europe to North America. The subtribe comprises four genera: Aphrodes Curtis with six species, Planaphrodes n. gen. with 15 species, Stroggylocephalus Flor with four species, and Anoscopus Kirschbaum with nine species.The genera and species of the Nearctic Region are keyed, and notes are provided on North American literature pertaining to distribution, nomenclature, and the earliest records of the introduced species. The northern hemisphere species are illustrated, and their apparent relationships are discussed.By type examination, the synonymy of Cicada rustica Fabricius 1775 with Aphrophora salicis (DeGeer) 1773 is confirmed and the following new synonymies are established: Acucephalus circumflexus Provancher 1889 = Anoscopus albiger (Germar) 1821; Acocephalus bifasciatus nigricans Matsumura 1912 = Planaphrodes sahlbergi (Signoret) 1879; and Acucephalus bifasciatus guttatus Matsumura 1912 = Planaphrodes japonica (Dlabola) 1960, as Planaphrodes guttata (Mm.). An index of all usages of trivial names in the Aphrodina is given.
SÉQUENCES DE DESCENDANCE DES FORMES SEXUÉES CHEZ LE PUCERON DU POIS ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) EN RELATION AVEC LA DURÉE DES PHOTOPÉRIODES
Authors: Sharma M. L. , Larrivée J. M. , Thériault L. M. 
Published: December 2009

RésuméSuite à des expositions aux photopériodes courtes, la viviparité est remplacée par l’oviparité. Cette action est au maximum à 12 : 10 h et elle n’est nullement accélérée lorsque la photopériode raccourcit davantage. A des photopériodes critiques, il y a des chances égales d’apparition d’ovipares ou de mâles. Dans tous les cas, durant la première moitié de sa vie, la femelle donnera naissance à des ovipares. Les mâles n’apparaissent qu’à la 2e moitié de la vie de la femelle. Les séquences de descendance des sexuées restent les mêmes aussi bien au laboratoire qu’en nature.
OBSERVATIONS SUR LA STRUCTURE DES OCELLES LARVAIRES (STEMMATES) DE CERTAINS LÉPIDOPTÈRES
Authors: Philogène Bernard J. R. 
Published: December 2009

RésuméLes ocelles larvaires (stemmates) de quatre espèces de Lépidoptères (Malacosoma pluviale, M. disstria, Isia Isabella et Hypocryta jacobaeae) ont été examinés au microscope photonique et au microscope électronique à balayage. Les ocelles appartiennent à deux types morphologiques, l’un à triple convexité, l’autre à convexité simple. Il existe des différences entre les espèces. L’examen de la structure interne révèle la présence de deux entités morphologiques séparées correspondant aux différences observées en surface. La signification de ces observations est discutée, à la lumière des travaux antérieurs.
HOST SPECIFICITY AND BIOLOGY OFUROPHORA CARDUI(DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE). A BIOCONTROL AGENT FOR CANADA THISTLE (CIRSIUM ARVENSE)
Authors: Peschken D. P. , Harris P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe biology ofUrophora cardui(L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its suitability as a biocontrol agent for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop.) were investigated. The incubation period of the eggs was 4.3 days at 27 °C. Crowding did not significantly reduce the longevity of the adults, the number of eggs laid, or the egg hatch.U.carduioverwinters as a mature larva in the gall but pupation and further development ensue when the larvae are exposed to air by opening the gall. The roots of single and double-galled plants weighed 65 and 78% less and the combined weights of the stem and leaves 47 and 58% less respectively than plants without galls.U.carduiis monophagous: it oviposits into Canada thistle and if kept without this host, into the closely related weedsCirsium vulgare(Savi) Ten. andCarduus acanthoidesL.U.carduiis a promising biological control agent and should be released in Canada.Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop.) is a widespread noxious weed in Canada and the northern United States. This paper reports on the biology ofUrophora cardui(L.), a European tephritid, and its suitability for introduction into Canada to aid in the control of the thistle.
A NEW NEARCTIC APANTELES (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) FROM OREGON GRAPE (BERBERIDACEAE)
Authors: Mason W. R. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new species, Apanteles mahoniae, has been reared from Coryphista meadi Packard, a geometrid feeding on Oregon grape (Mahonia spp.) in the West (British Columbia, Idaho). It is described and differentiated from its close relatives in the glomeratus group.
A COMPARISON OF THE REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS OF APTEROUS AND ALATE VIRGINOPAROUS ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Mackay Patricia A. , Wellington W. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractData on daily fecundity and survival are presented for the apterous and alate virginoparous morphs of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) reared on broadbean, Vicia faba (var. Exhibition Longpod), at 20 ± 1 °C. Alatae began to reproduce later, and produced fewer young over a longer period than did apterae, but lived no longer.Reproductive patterns of A. pisum apterae from a number of other clones are compared, and the patterns of some other species are discussed in relation to A. pisum apterae and alatae.
SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT IN POPULATION DYNAMICS MODELS
Authors: Stinner R. E. , Butler G. D. , Bacheler J. S. , Tuttle C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe simulation of variability in temperature-dependent development is discussed. An algorithm for simulation of this variability is developed and validated under constant and variable temperature regimes for Anthonomus grandis, Trichoplusia ni, and Heliothis zea.