bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Securing Hybrid Wireless Body Area Networks (HyWBAN): Advancements in Semantic Communications and Jamming Techniques
Authors: Soderi Simone , Särestöniemi Mariella , Fuada Syifaul , Hämäläinen Matti , Katz Marcos , Iinatti Jari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper explores novel strategies to strengthen the security of Hybrid Wireless Body Area Networks (HyWBANs), which are essential in smart healthcare and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Recognizing the vulnerability of HyWBAN to sophisticated cyber-attacks, we propose an innovative combination of semantic communications and jamming receivers. This dual-layered security mechanism protects against unauthorized access and data breaches, particularly in scenarios involving in-body to on-body communication channels. We conduct comprehensive laboratory measurements to understand hybrid (radio and optical) communication propagation through biological tissues. We utilize these insights to refine a dataset for training a Deep Learning (DL) model. These models, in turn, generate semantic concepts linked to cryptographic keys for enhanced data confidentiality and integrity using a jamming receiver. The proposed model significantly reduces energy consumption compared to traditional cryptographic methods, like Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH), especially when supplemented with jamming. Our approach addresses the primary security concerns and sets the baseline for future secure biomedical communication systems advancements.
Optical Wireless Power Transmission Through Biological Tissue Using Commercial Photovoltaic Cells Under 810 nm LEDs: Feasibility Study
Authors: Fuada Syifaul , Perera Malalgodage Amila Nilantha , Särestöniemi Mariella , Katz Marcos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEnsuring the provision of sustainable and secure electrical power for ingestible/implantable medical devices (IMDs) is crucial for facilitating the multifaceted capabilities of these IMDs and preventing the need for recurrent battery replacements. Using photovoltaic (PV) energy harvesting in conjunction with an external light source can be advantageous for an optical wireless power transfer (OWPT) system to enable energy self-sufficiency in IMDs. This study investigates the performance of OWPT using commercial monocrystalline silicon PV cells exposed to an 810 nm Near-infrared (NIR) LED light. The ethical concerns are addressed by utilizing porcine samples (ex vivo approach), eliminating the need for live animal experimentation. The experimental setup employs porcine meat samples with several compositions, e.g., pure fat, pure muscle, and different layers of fat-muscle. The primary goal of this initial study is to analyze the open-circuit voltage output (VOC) of the PV against received optical power in the presence of biological tissue. Our study demonstrates that PV cells can generate voltage even when exposed to light passing through porcine samples with a thickness of up to 30 mm. Furthermore, the VOC values of PV cells attained in this study meet the required voltage input level for supplying current IMDs, typically ranging from 2V to 3V. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into OWPT systems in the future, where monocrystalline silicon PV cells can be employed as energy harvester devices to supply various IMDs utilizing NIR light.
Inter- and Intra-Day Precision of a Low-Cost and Wearable Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Device
Authors: Robertz Leon , Rieppo Lassi , Korkala Seppo , Jaako Tommi , Saarakkala Simo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and safe method to measure body composition. Nowadays, due to technological progress, smaller and cheaper devices allow the implementation of BIA into wearable devices. In this pilot study, we analyzed the measurement precision of a cheap BIA solution for wearable devices. Intra-session, intra-day, and inter-day reproducibility of raw impedance values from three subjects at three different body locations (hand-to-hand, hand-to-torso, torso-to-torso), and for three different frequencies (6, 54, and 500 kHz) were analyzed using the coefficient of variation (CV%). Hand-to-hand and hand-to-torso measurements resulted, on average, in high intra-session (CV% = 0.14% and CV% = 0.11%, respectively), intra-day (CV% = 1.67% and CV% = 1.26%, respectively), and inter-day (CV% = 1.53% and CV% = 1.31%) precision. Absolute impedance values for the torso-to-torso measurements showed a larger mean variation (intra-session CV% = 0.68%; intra-day CV% = 5.53%, inter-day CV% = 3.13%). Overall, this cheap BIA solution shows high precision and promising usability for further integration into a wearable measurement environment.
A Distributed Framework for Remote Multimodal Biosignal Acquisition and Analysis
Authors: Álvarez Casado Constantino , Räsänen Pauli , Nguyen Le Ngu , Lämsä Arttu , Peltola Johannes , Bordallo López Miguel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent times, several studies have presented single-modality systems for non-contact biosignal monitoring. While these systems often yield estimations correlating with clinical-grade devices, their practicality is limited due to constraints in real-time processing, scalability, and interoperability. Moreover, these studies have seldom explored the combined use of multiple modalities or the integration of various sensors. Addressing these gaps, we introduce a distributed computing architecture designed to remotely acquire biosignals from both radars and cameras. This architecture is supported by conceptual blocks that distribute tasks across sensing, computing, data management, analysis, communication, and visualization. Emphasizing interoperability, our system leverages RESTful APIs, efficient video streaming, and standardized health-data protocols. Our framework facilitates the integration of additional sensors and improves signal analysis efficiency. While the architecture is conceptual, its feasibility has been evaluated through simulations targeting specific challenges in networked remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) systems. Additionally, we implemented a prototype to demonstrate the architectural principles in action, with modules and blocks operating in independent threads. This prototype specifically involves the analysis of biosignals using mmWave radars and RGB cameras, illustrating the potential for the architecture to be adapted into a fully distributed system for real-time biosignal processing.
Radiative corrections for factorized jet observables in heavy ion collisions
Authors: Vaidya Varun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
I look at the renormalization of the medium structure function and a medium induced jet function in a factorized cross section for jet substructure observables in Heavy Ion collisions. This is based on the formalism developed in [1], which uses an Open quantum system approach combined with the Effective Field Theory (EFT) for forward scattering to derive a factorization formula for jet observables which work as hard probes of a long lived dilute Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) medium. I show that the universal medium structure function that captures the observable independent physics of the QGP has both rapidity and UV anomalous dimensions that appear due to medium induced Bremsstrahlung. The resulting Renormalization Group (RG) equations correspond to the BFKL equation and the running of the QCD coupling respectively. I present the first results for the numerical impact of resummation using these RG equations on the mean free path of the jet in the medium. I also briefly discuss the prospects of extending this formalism for a short lived dense medium.
Emergent symmetries at criticality in multi field RFT/DP
Authors: Bartels Jochen , Contreras Carlos , Vacca Gian Paolo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study multifield extensions of Reggeon Field Theory (also equivalent to Directed Percolation model) at criticality in the perturbative ϵ-expansion below the upper critical dimension Dc = 4 at one loop, for the special case when all fields have the same scale (anomalous) dimensions. Analyzing all the fixed points of the renormalization group flow for N = 2 flavors and some for N = 3, we find scale invariant solutions which are characterized by specific emergent global symmetries of the interacting potential. We also study two infinite families as a function of N having ℤN and SN+1 symmetries.
Machine Learning Clifford Invariants of ADE Coxeter Elements
Authors: Chen Siqi , Dechant Pierre-Philippe , He Yang-Hui , Heyes Elli , Hirst Edward , Riabchenko Dmitrii 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere has been recent interest in novel Clifford geometric invariants of linear transformations. This motivates the investigation of such invariants for a certain type of geometric transformation of interest in the context of root systems, reflection groups, Lie groups and Lie algebras: the Coxeter transformations. We perform exhaustive calculations of all Coxeter transformations for$$A_8$$A8,$$D_8$$D8and$$E_8$$E8for a choice of basis of simple roots and compute their invariants, using high-performance computing. This computational algebra paradigm generates a dataset that can then be mined using techniques from data science such as supervised and unsupervised machine learning. In this paper we focus on neural network classification and principal component analysis. Since the output—the invariants—is fully determined by the choice of simple roots and the permutation order of the corresponding reflections in the Coxeter element, we expect huge degeneracy in the mapping. This provides the perfect setup for machine learning, and indeed we see that the datasets can be machine learned to very high accuracy. This paper is a pump-priming study in experimental mathematics using Clifford algebras, showing that such Clifford algebraic datasets are amenable to machine learning, and shedding light on relationships between these novel and other well-known geometric invariants and also giving rise to analytic results.
Characterization of arsenic species by liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Goodwin Joseph , Kenneth Marcus R. , McRae Garnet , Sturgeon Ralph E. , Mester Zoltan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) ionization source operating at a nominal power of 30 W and solution flow rate of 30 µL min−1 and supported in a He sheath gas flow rate of 500 mL min−1 was interfaced to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer and assessed for use in rapid identification of inorganic and organic arsenic species, including As(III), As(V), monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and arsenobetaine in a 2% (v/v) nitric acid medium. Mass spectral acquisition in low-resolution mode, using only the ion trap analyzer, provided detection of protonated molecular ions for AsBet (m/z 179), DMA (m/z 139), MMA (m/z 141), and As(V) (m/z 143). As(III) is oxidized to As(V), likely due to in-source processes. Typical fragmentation of these compounds resulted in the loss of either water or methyl groups, as appropriate, i.e., introducing DMA also generated ions corresponding to MMA and As(V) as dissociation products. Structure assignments were also confirmed by high-resolution Orbitrap measurements. Spectral fingerprint assignments were based on the introduction of solutions containing 5 µg mL−1 of each arsenic compound.
Diversity and Functionality of Bacteria Associated with Different Tissues of Spider Heteropoda venatoria Revealed through Integration of High-Throughput Sequencing and Culturomics Approaches
Authors: Zhao Likun , Zhang Shanfeng , Xiao Ruoyi , Zhang Chao , Lyu Zhitang , Zhang Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpiders host a diverse range of bacteria in their guts and other tissues, which have been found to play a significant role in their fitness. This study aimed to investigate the community diversity and functional characteristics of spider-associated bacteria in four tissues of Heteropoda venatoria using HTS of the 16S rRNA gene and culturomics technologies, as well as the functional verification of the isolated strains. The results of HTS showed that the spider-associated bacteria in different tissues belonged to 34 phyla, 72 classes, 170 orders, 277 families, and 458 genera. Bacillus was found to be the most abundant bacteria in the venom gland, silk gland, and ovary, while Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, and Sphingomonas were dominant in the gut microbiota. Based on the amplicon sequencing results, 21 distinct cultivation conditions were developed using culturomics to isolate bacteria from the ovary, gut, venom gland, and silk gland. A total of 119 bacterial strains, representing 4 phyla and 25 genera, with Bacillus and Serratia as the dominant genera, were isolated. Five strains exhibited high efficiency in degrading pesticides in the in vitro experiments. Out of the 119 isolates, 28 exhibited antibacterial activity against at least one of the tested bacterial strains, including the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Enterococcus faecalis. The study also identified three strains, GL312, PL211, and PL316, which exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MGC-803. The crude extract from the fermentation broth of strain PL316 was found to effectively induce apoptosis in MGC-803 cells. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of the bacterial community structure associated with H. venatoria. It also provides valuable insights into discovering novel antitumor natural products for gastric cancer and xenobiotic-degrading bacteria of spiders.
Timing of seasonal events is correlated with social network position in a wild mammal
Authors: Philson Conner S. , Bruebach Carla , Bastian Taylor , Barr Billy , Blumstein Daniel T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Across animal systems, abiotic environmental features, including timing of seasonal events and weather patterns, affect fitness. An individual’s degree of social integration also has fitness consequences, but we lack an understanding of how abiotic features relate to patterns of individual sociality. A deeper understanding of this relationship could be developed from studying systems where these two links with fitness have already been identified. We explored the relationship between individual social behavior and seasonal timing, seasonal length, and weather patterns. We used social network analysis on a sixteen-year dataset of a wild population of hibernating yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We fit a series of generalized linear mixed models and found that longer growing seasons before winter hibernation and longer winters were associated with increased individual sociality in the following spring. However, later snowmelt was associated with decreased sociality that spring. We found no relationship between individual sociality and various measures of precipitation and temperature. This suggests that seasonal timing and length may be a more important driver of sociality than weather patterns in this system, both as a lag and contemporary effect. Seasonal timing and length may mediate the opportunity or intensity of social interactions. The entwined relationships between the seasonal schedule and weather, and the seemingly contradictory role of winter length and snowmelt, suggests the timing of seasons and its relationship with sociality is complex and further exploration of environment-sociality relationships is required across taxa.

Significance statement
While the adaptive benefits of social behavior are well studied, less is known about how features of the abiotic environment drive variation in individual social behavior. Given increasing stochasticity in the timing of seasonal events and weather patterns, mapping the environment-sociality relationship will provide important insights to the drivers of sociality in the wild. This is particularly salient for species most vulnerable to climate and environmental change, such as seasonal hibernators, like yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We found that features of seasonal duration were positively associated with increased sociality, whereas the timing of seasonal onset was negatively associated. This work provides empirical evidence towards an important gap in the behavioral ecology literature.
Long-term effects of an egg-protein hydrolysate on cognitive performance and brain vascular function: a double-blind randomized controlled trial in adults with elevated subjective cognitive failures
Authors: Adams Micah S. , Mensink Ronald P. , Plat Jogchum , Joris Peter J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Short-term intake of the egg-protein hydrolysate Newtricious (NWT)-03 improved executive function, but underlying mechanisms and long-term effects, including other cognitive domains, are unknown.

Methods
A 36-week randomized controlled trial involving 44 overweight/obese individuals experiencing elevated Subjective Cognitive Failures (SCF; aged 60–75 years) assessed the impact of daily consumption of 5.7 g of NWT-03 or placebo powders on cognitive performance (psychomotor speed, executive function, memory) and Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), a marker of brain vascular function. Cognitive performance was evaluated using a neurophysiological test battery (CANTAB) and CBF was measured using magnetic resonance imaging perfusion method Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL). Serum samples were collected to determine brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations.

Results
Anthropometrics, and energy and nutrient intakes remained stable throughout the trial. NWT-03 was well tolerated, and compliance was excellent (median: 99%; range: 87–103%). No overall intervention effects were observed on cognitive performance or CBF, but post-hoc analyses revealed significant improvements on executive function in women, but not men. Specifically, a reduction of 74 ms in reaction latency on the multitasking task (95% CI: −134 to −15; p = 0.02), a reduction of 9 between errors (95%CI: −14 to −3; p < 0.001), and a reduction of 9 total errors (95%CI: −15 to −3; p < 0.001) on the spatial working memory task were found in women. No intervention effects were observed on serum BDNF concentrations (p = 0.31).

Conclusion
Long-term consumption of NWT-03 improved multitasking abilities and working memory in women with elevated SCF. Brain vascular function remained unaffected. Sex differences in executive function require additional clarification.
A multi-methodological approach to record dynamics and timescales of the plumbing system of Zaro (Ischia Island, Italy)
Authors: Pelullo Carlo , Chakraborty Sumit , Montagna Chiara Paola , Arienzo Ilenia , Brown Richard James , D’Antonio Massimo , de Vita Sandro , D’Oriano Claudia , Nazzari Manuela , Pappalardo Lucia , Petrosino Paola 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDetermining the time spans of processes related to the assembly of eruptible magma at active volcanoes is fundamental to understand magma chamber dynamics and assess volcanic hazard. This information can be recorded in the chemical zoning of crystals. Nevertheless, this kind of study is still poorly employed for the active volcanoes of the Neapolitan area (Southern Italy), in particular, for Ischia island where the risk is extremely high and this information can provide the basis for probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment. For these reasons, we acquired chemical composition on clinopyroxene crystals erupted at Ischia during the Zaro eruption (6.6 ± 2.2 ka) and performed numerical simulations of the input of mafic magma into a trachytic reservoir, in order to investigate various aspects of pre-eruptive dynamics occurring at different timescales. This event emplaced a ~ 0.1 km3 lava complex, in which the main trachytic lava flows host abundant mafic to felsic enclaves. Previous petrological investigation suggested that mafic magma(s) mixed/mingled with a trachytic one, before the eruption. In this work, the clinopyroxene zoning patterns depict the growth of crystals in different magmatic environments, recording sequential changes occurred in the plumbing system before the eruption. The evolution of the plumbing system involved a hierarchy of timescales: a few hours for magma mingling caused by mafic recharge(s) and likely occurred multiple times over a decade during which a dominant magmatic environment was sustained before the eruption. Such timescales must be considered in volcanic hazard assessment at Ischia and similar active volcanoes in densely populated areas.
LAMC2 regulates the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Cheng Lulu , Li Xiaofei , Dong Wenhui , Yang Jing , Li Pengmei , Qiang Xihui , Yin Jiajun , Guo Lianyi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor widely distributed globally, exhibiting elevated incidence and fatality rates. The gene LAMC2 encodes the laminin subunit gamma-2 chain and is found specifically in the basement membrane of epithelial cells. Its expression is aberrant in multiple types of malignant tumors. This research elucidated a link between LAMC2 and the clinical characteristics of GC and investigated the potential involvement of LAMC2 in GC proliferation and advancement.

Materials and methods
LAMC2 expressions were detected in GC cell lines and normal gastric epithelial cell lines via qRT-PCR. Silencing and overexpression of the LAMC2 were conducted by lentiviral transfection. A xenograft mouse model was also developed for in vivo analysis. Cell functional assays were conducted to elucidate the involvement of LAMC2 in cell growth, migration, and penetration. Further, immunoblotting was conducted to investigate the impact of LAMC2 on the activation of signal pathways after lentiviral transfection.

Results
In the findings, LAMC2 expression was markedly upregulated in GC cell lines as opposed to normal gastric epithelial cells. In vitro analysis showed that sh-LAMC2 substantially inhibited GC cell growth, migration, and invasion, while oe-LAMC2 displayed a contrasting effect. Xenograft tumor models demonstrated that oe-LAMC2 accelerated tumor growth via high expression of Ki-67. Immunoblotting analysis revealed a substantial decrease in various signaling pathway proteins, PI3K, p-Akt, and Vimentin levels upon LAMC2 knockdown, followed by increased E-cadherin expression. Conversely, its overexpression exhibited contrasting effects. Besides, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was accelerated by LAMC2.

Conclusion
This study provides evidence indicating that LAMC2, by stimulating signaling pathways, facilitated EMT and stimulated the progression of GC cells in laboratory settings and mouse models. Research also explored that the abnormal LAMC2 expression acts as a biomarker for GC.