bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous peripheral neural blockade to alleviate signs of experimentally induced severe forelimb pain in horses
Authors: Watts Ashlee E. , Nixon Alan J. , Reesink Heidi L. , Cheetham Jonathan , Fubini Susan L. , Looney Andrea L. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Objective—To investigate the efficacy and safety of a low-volume, single-catheter, continuous peripheral neural blockade (CPNB) technique to locally deliver bupivacaine to alleviate signs of severe forelimb pain resulting from experimentally induced tendonitis in horses.
Design—Randomized controlled experimental trial.
Sample—14 horses and 5 forelimbs from equine cadavers.
Procedures—Horses underwent collagenase-induced superficial digital flexor tendonitis in the midmetacarpal region of 1 forelimb. To deliver analgesia, a closed-tip catheter was placed from lateral to medial, approximately 12 cm distal to the accessory carpal bone, between the suspensory ligament and accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon. Success of catheter placement and anesthetic delivery was documented ex vivo in 5 forelimbs from equine cadavers. Effective analgesia in affected forelimbs of horses from continuous (n = 7) versus intermittent (7) local anesthetic delivery (intermittent peripheral neural blockade; IPNB) was compared over a 3-day period.
Results—Horses that received CPNB in the affected forelimb were less lame than horses that received IPNB. A lower proportion of CPNB-treated horses had behavioral and physiologic signs of pain, compared with IPNB-treated horses. Neither technique completely blocked the sensation of pain or resulted in swelling in the distal portion of the forelimb, vasodilation, or an increase in lameness. After removal, Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from 1 catheter tip.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—For short-term treatment, CPNB was more effective than IPNB for reduction in signs of severe pain in the distal aspect of the forelimb of horses.
Preliminary study on the unusual properties in the habitat of Ranunculetum baudotii in Central Europe
Authors: Spałek Krzysztof , Proćków Jarosław , Staśko Stanisław , Horska-Schwarz Sylwia 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The study examines the patches of the saltwater association Ranunculetum baudotii in a new, atypical site; i.e., located more than 400 km away from the Baltic coastal line. They were found in a karst spring, and were the first locality of the community identified in Poland. The water and sediments within the patches were analyzed chemically in the laboratory, but, conductivity, water temperature and O2 content were measured in the field. The spring was determined to be a relatively stable aquatic habitat, with a typical chemical composition of subterranean water (a prevalence of hydro-carbonate, calcium and magnesium ions), and rich, e.g., in nitrogen and phosphorus, and disturbed due to increasing anthropopressure. It revealed that the community analyzed favours habitats in the zone of discharge of karst fissure waters from Jurassic, Cretaceous and Triassic water-bearing levels. In Poland, phytocoenoses of this association, in contrast to the patches of the association in other European countries, include no saline taxa. In Europe, Ranunculetum baudotii belongs to the group of much threatened communities and the obtained results provide the basis for its protection.
Dose-dependent neurorestorative effects of delayed treatment of traumatic brain injury with recombinant human erythropoietin in rats
Authors: Meng Yuling , Xiong Ye , Mahmood Asim , Zhang Yanlu , Qu Changsheng , Chopp Michael 
Published: April 2011

Object
Delayed (24 hours postinjury) treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) improves functional recovery following experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, the authors tested whether therapeutic effects of delayed EPO treatment for TBI are dose dependent in an attempt to establish an optimal dose paradigm for the delayed EPO treatment.

Methods
Experimental TBI was performed in anesthetized young adult male Wistar rats using a controlled cortical impact device. Sham animals underwent the same surgical procedure without injury. The animals (8 rats/group) received 3 intraperitoneal injections of EPO (0, 1000, 3000, 5000, or 7000 U/kg body weight, at 24, 48, and 72 hours) after TBI. Sensorimotor and cognitive functions were assessed using a modified neurological severity score and foot fault test, and Morris water maze tests, respectively. Animals were killed 35 days after injury, and the brain sections were stained for immunohistochemical analyses.

Results
Compared with the saline treatment, EPO treatment at doses from 1000 to 7000 U/kg did not alter lesion volume but significantly reduced hippocampal neuron loss, enhanced angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the injured cortex and hippocampus, and significantly improved sensorimotor function and spatial learning. The animals receiving the medium dose of 5000 U/kg exhibited a significant improvement in histological and functional outcomes compared with the lower or higher EPO dose groups.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that delayed (24 hours postinjury) treatment with EPO provides dose-dependent neurorestoration, which may contribute to improved functional recovery after TBI, implying that application of an optimal dose of EPO is likely to increase successful preclinical and clinical trials for treatment of TBI.
Anti-Influenza Virus Activity of Tricin, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavone
Authors: Yazawa Kurumi , Kurokawa Masahiko , Obuchi Masatsugu , Li Ying , Yamada Rie , Sadanari Hidetaka , Matsubara Keiko , Watanabe Kunitomo , Koketsu Mamoru , Tuchida Yuuzo , Murayama Tsugiya 
Published: April 2011

Background: We examined the anti-influenza virus activity of tricin, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavone, against five viruses: A/Solomon islands/3/2006 (H1N1), A/Hiroshima/52/2005 (H3N2), A/California/07/2009 (H1N1pdm), A/Narita/1/2009 (H1N1pdm) and B/Malaysia/2506/2004 strains in vitro and against A/PR/8/34 virus in vivo. Methods: The effect of tricin was studied by an infectious virus yield reduction assay. The anti-influenza virus mechanism of the tricin was examined by western blot analysis, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR analysis, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and neuraminidase (NA) inhibition assay. The anti-influenza virus efficacy of tricin was further examined in a murine influenza virus infection model. Results: Tricin of 3.3 to 30 μM significantly reduced seasonal A (H1N1), (H3N2) viruses, novel A (H1N1pdm) virus, as well as B virus in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentrations of tricin were 3.4 μM for seasonal A (H3N2) virus, 4.9 μM for B virus and 8.2 μM for A/Narita (H1N1pdm) virus. Tricin decreased the expression of haemagglutinin (HA) protein and matrix (M) protein, and messenger RNA expression of HA and M of influenza virus in the infected cells. Tricin exhibited little or no effects on influenza virus HI and NA activities. In the mouse infection model, tricin was significantly effective in reducing body weight loss, and also effective in prolonging survival times of infected mice. Conclusions: Tricin was indicated to possess anti-influenza virus activity and to ameliorate body weight loss and survival rate of influenza-A-virus-infected mice. Tricin is a novel compound with potential anti-influenza virus activity in vitro and in vivo.
Tolerance Induction of IgG+ Memory B Cells by T Cell-Independent Type II Antigens
Authors: Haniuda Kei , Nojima Takuya , Ohyama Kyosuke , Kitamura Daisuke 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Memory B cells generated during a T cell-dependent immune response rapidly respond to a secondary immunization by producing abundant IgG Abs that bind cognate Ag with high affinity. It is currently unclear whether this heightened recall response by memory B cells is due to augmented IgG-BCR signaling, which has only been demonstrated in the context of naive transgenic B cells. To address this question, we examined whether memory B cells can respond in vivo to Ags that stimulate only through BCR, namely T cell-independent type II (TI-II) Ags. In this study, we show that the TI-II Ag (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP)-Ficoll cannot elicit the recall response in mice first immunized with the T cell-dependent Ag NP-chicken γ-globulin. Moreover, the NP-Ficoll challenge in vivo as well as in vitro significantly inhibits a subsequent recall response to NP-chicken γ-globulin in a B cell-intrinsic manner. This NP-Ficoll–mediated tolerance is caused by the preferential elimination of IgG+ memory B cells binding to NP with high affinity. These data indicate that BCR cross-linking with a TI-II Ag does not activate IgG+ memory B cells, but rather tolerizes them, identifying a terminal checkpoint of memory B cell differentiation that may prevent autoimmunity.
Limit Sets of Typical Homeomorphisms
Authors: Bernardes Nilson C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractGiven an integer n ≥ 3, a metrizable compact topological n-manifold X with boundary, and a finite positive Borel measure μ on X, we prove that for the typical homeomorphism f : X → X, it is true that for μ-almost every point x in X the limit set ω( f, x) is a Cantor set of Hausdorff dimension zero, each point of ω(f, x) has a dense orbit in ω(f, x), f is non-sensitive at each point of ω(f, x), and the function a → ω(f, a) is continuous at x.
Atomic Decomposition and Boundedness of Operators on Weighted Hardy Spaces
Authors: Han Yongsheng , Lee Ming-Yi , Lin Chin-Cheng 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this article, we establish a new atomic decomposition for , where the decomposition converges in -norm rather than in the distribution sense. As applications of this decomposition, assuming that T is a linear operator bounded on and 0 < p ≤ 1, we obtain (i) if T is uniformly bounded in -norm for all w-p-atoms, then T can be extended to be bounded from to ; (ii) if T is uniformly bounded in -norm for all w-p-atoms, then T can be extended to be bounded on ; (iii) if T is bounded on , then T can be extended to be bounded from to .
Adaptive event‐triggered secure control for networked control systems subject to deception and replay cyber‐attacks
Authors: Tajudeen M. Mubeen , Ali M. Syed , Rajchakit Grienggrai , Priya Bandana , Thakur Ganesh Kumar 
Published: May 2024

SummaryAn adaptive event‐triggered scheme is considered for networked control systems subject to deception and reply cyber attacks. In particular, the adaptive event‐triggered mechanism is used in the closed‐loop controller design to reduce signal transmission and communication burden. The attacker destroys the system's performance by employing deception attacks on sensor‐to‐controller communication channels and replay attacks on controller‐to‐actuator communication channels, respectively. By utilizing the Lyapunov stability approach, the closed‐loop system guarantees mean square stability and ensure security. The adaptive event‐triggered controller gains are presented by solving a set of matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation result including the model of a batch reactor is presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the methods proposed.
In Situ Colonization of Trojan‐Yeast for Targeted Glucose Starvation and Reconstruction of Tumor Immune Environment
Authors: Cheng Qian , Quan Xingping , Luo Ruifeng , Yang Zhiqing , Li Junyan , Wang Ziyi , Zhao Yonghua , Fan Chunhai , Wang Ruibing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlucose is an important energy source for living cells. Particularly, most tumor cells use glycolysis to harness energy for their fast growth, invasion and metastasis even under aerobic conditions. Thus, reduction of the glucose level in cancer can lead to suppression of tumor growth. Here, macrophage membrane dressed yeast, Trojan M‐yeast, is developed, via coating the surface of yeast with macrophage membrane, for targeted accumulation and suppression of tumor by glucose starvation. Due to the inflammatory homing effects of macrophage membrane, M‐yeast efficiently target and colonize in the inflammatory tumor site, where they compete with tumor cells for glucose consumption, thereby disrupting glycolysis of cancer cells, resulting in the reduction of lactate accumulation and reversal of the acidosis of tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, the apoptotic tumor cells and yeast promote dendritic cell maturation, increase tumor‐infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Meanwhile, ethanol and acetaldehyde produced by yeast metabolism of glucose can re‐polarize tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) to the anti‐tumor phenotype (M1), thus reprogramming the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, leading to synergistic tumor suppression together with glucose starvation, which is different from traditional chemotherapy and immunotherapy. M‐yeast exhibits promising targeted cancer therapy with a decent safety profile. This work may provide new insights as well as a new paradigm for yeast‐based cancer therapy.
A Processing Route to Chalcogenide Perovskites Alloys with Tunable Band Gap via Anion Exchange
Authors: Ye Kevin , Sadeghi Ida , Xu Michael , Van Sambeek Jack , Cai Tao , Dong Jessica , Kothari Rishabh , LeBeau James M. , Jaramillo R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of BaZr(S,Se)3 chalcogenide perovskite alloys is demonstrated by selenization of BaZrS3 thin films. The anion‐exchange process produces films with tunable composition and band gap without changing the orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure or the film microstructure. The direct band gap is tunable between 1.5 and 1.9 eV. The alloy films made in this way feature one‐hundred‐times stronger photoconductive response and a lower density of extended defects, compared to alloy films made by direct growth. The perovskite structure is stable in high‐selenium‐content thin films with and without epitaxy. The manufacturing‐compatible process of selenization in H2Se gas may spur the development of chalcogenide perovskite solar cell technology.
Balancing Polarization and Breakdown for High Capacitive Energy Storage by Microstructure Design
Authors: Yang Bingbing , Liu Yiqian , Li Wei , Lan Shun , Dou Lvye , Zhu Xuebin , Li Qian , Nan Ce‐Wen , Lin Yuan‐Hua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe compromise of contradictive parameters, polarization, and breakdown strength, is necessary to achieve a high energy storage performance. The two can be tuned, regardless of material types, by controlling microstructures: amorphous states possess higher breakdown strength, while crystalline states have larger polarization. However, how to achieve a balance of amorphous and crystalline phases requires systematic and quantitative investigations. Herein, the trade‐off between polarization and breakdown field is comprehensively evaluated with the evolution of microstructure, i.e., grain size and crystallinity, by phase‐field simulations. The results indicate small grain size (≈10–35 nm) with moderate crystallinity (≈60–80%) is more beneficial to maintain relatively high polarization and breakdown field simultaneously, consequently contributing to a high overall energy storage performance. Experimentally, therefore an ultrahigh energy density of 131 J cm−3 is achieved with a high efficiency of 81.6% in the microcrystal‐amorphous dual‐phase Bi3NdTi4O12 films. This work provides a guidance to substantially enhance dielectric energy storage by a simple and effective microstructure design.
Reinforced Interfacial Cd─Se Bond Coupling Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution with Pyruvic Acid Synthesis
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Sun Jiaming , Geng Zikang , Zhang Junying , Tan Xin , Ye Jinhua , Yu Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMaximizing the utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes to drive the coupling reaction of hydrogen evolution with selective value‐added organic synthesis holds great potential for more efficient exploitation of solar energy. Herein, the interstitial boron‐doped CdS is synthesized by taking SiO2 as a template as well as the adsorption sites of boric acid, which contributes to the boron doping and induces the reinforced Cd─Se bonding for enhancing the interfacial interaction with co‐catalyst MoSe2. Thus, the interfacial Cd─Se bond with more electron localization provides rapid channels at the atomic level for accelerating the charge transfer with a lower energy barrier, achieving the efficient hydrogen evolution and high selectivity pyruvic acid synthesis concurrently. This work provides a new perspective in avoiding the use of sacrificial agents uneconomically and producing green hydrogen with high‐value‐added chemicals simultaneously.
Integrating Aperiodic 3D Porous Electrodes into 3D Batteries through Spray‐Deposited Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Liu Yibo , Zhang Qingxu , Zhou Shengzhuang , Li Xiangyu , Yi Bing , Liu Yiming , Liu Xizheng , Ding Yi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to their exceptional energy and power densities, 3D micro‐batteries emerge as highly promising candidates for miniaturized power sources. However, fabricating a complete and uniform electrolyte/separator membrane to separate 3D electrodes in assembled 3D batteries remains a significant challenge. Herein, the study presents a straightforward approach to preparing 3D electrolyte membranes via a modified spray‐deposition method. This 3D electrolyte membrane effectively isolates the 3D porous LiFePO4 cathode from the Li anode with a ionic conductivity of 9.6 × 10−4 S cm−1, facilitating the creation of an integrated aperiodic 3D battery. The 3D battery exhibits a specific capacity of up to 8.8 mAh cm−2 (29.1 mWh cm−2) and attains a maximum power density of 12.7 mW cm−2. The characteristic time is 0.17 s for 3D battery while 0.73 s for traditional 2D batteries. The enhanced rate performance with thick electrode is primarily attributed to the reduced ionic diffusion pathway. These results represent the highest peak power and energy density among all reported aperiodic 3D batteries. The utilization of spray‐deposited electrolytes for 3D electrode separation promises significant advancements in developing 3D batteries and demonstrates great potentials for practical applications.
Photocatalytic Decarboxylative Functionalization of Cyclopropenes via Cyclopropenium Cation Intermediates
Authors: Smyrnov Vladyslav , Waser Jerome 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA photocatalytic decarboxylative functionalization of cyclopropenes is reported. Starting from a broad range of redox‐active ester‐substituted cyclopropenes, cyclopropenylphthalimides can be synthesized in the absence of a nucleophile. Alternatively, different carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles can be introduced. The transformation proceeds most probably through the formation of an aromatic cyclopropenium cation, followed by trapping with the nucleophiles.
How does the shape of the wing and hindlimb bones of aquatic birds relate to their locomotor abilities?
Authors: Segesdi Martin , Brabant Delphine , Cornette Raphaël , Houssaye Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAquatic birds represent diverse ecologies and locomotion types. Some became flightless or lost the ability for effective terrestrial locomotion, yet, certain species excel in water, on land, and in air, despite differing physical characteristics associated with each medium. In this exploratory study, we intend to quantitatively analyze the morphological variety of multiple limb bones of aquatic birds using 3D geometric morphometrics. Morphological variation is mainly driven by phylogeny, which also affects size and locomotion. However, the shape of the ulna, including the proportion and orientation of the epiphyses is influenced by size and aquatic propulsive techniques even when phylogeny is taken into consideration. Certain trends, possibly linked to functions, can be observed too in other bones, notably in cases where phylogenetic and functional signals are probably mixed when some taxa only englobe species with similar functional requirements: penguins exhibit the most distinctive wing bone morphologies, highly adapted to wing‐propulsion; advanced foot‐propellers exhibit femur morphology that reduces proximal mobility but supports stability; knee structures, like cnemial crests of varied sizes and orientations, are crucial for muscle attachments and efficient movement in water and on land; taxa relying on their feet in water but retaining terrestrial abilities share features enabling swimming and walking postures. Size‐linked changes distinguish the wing bones of non‐wing‐propelled taxa. For hindlimbs, larger size relates to robust bones probably linked to terrestrial abilities, but robustness in femora can be connected to foot‐propulsion. These results help us better understand birds' skeletal adaptation and can be useful inferring extinct species' ecology.
Profiles of minimally verbal autistic children: Illuminating the neglected end of the spectrum
Authors: Pizzano Maria , Shire Stephanie , Shih Wendy , Levato Lynne , Landa Rebecca , Lord Catherine , Smith Tristram , Kasari Connie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeterogeneity among individuals on the autism spectrum is widely acknowledged as a barrier to develop effective interventions. Overcoming this challenge requires characterization of individual differences, especially for children that are minimally verbal and often excluded from research studies. Most studies that describe autistic subgroups identify a single minimally verbal verbal group based on a single identifying measure (e.g., ADOS module one or single item indicating absence of phrase speech). Determining personalized courses of intervention requires a more detailed understanding since a single intervention will not be effective for all who are minimally verbal. The present study identified comprehensive profiles of cognitive, language, and social communication skills within a large, diverse, group of minimally verbal children with autism. The analysis combined baseline data from two studies to yield a sample of 344 participants, who were 3 to 8 years old at the time of study onset, with 60% who identified as having a race/ethnicity other than White. Via latent profile analysis (LPA), a three‐group model was identified as best fit to the data. Profile identification was dependent on a participant's combination of cognitive, expressive, and social communication characteristics, rather than a single domain. One group (n = 206) had global delays, while the other two groups (n = 95 and n = 43) had variable strengths in cognition and communication. Findings suggest that low‐frequency/minimally verbal communicators with autism have heterogeneous characteristics that can be systematically organized.
Understanding the Ageing Processes of Electrolytes in Aqueous Magnesium Batteries Using Radiation Chemistry
Authors: Paillot Malaurie , Wong Alan , Denisov Sergey A. , Dognon Jean‐Pierre , Mostafavi Mehran , Gauthier Magali , Le Caër Sophie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractManufacturing aqueous batteries based on the magnesium cations is an important step towards more sustainable and safer energy storage solutions. Thus, it is important to understand how these systems age and which species are formed throughout numerous charge/discharge cycles. To this end, we have used radiolysis to induce accelerated ageing in concentrated aqueous solutions of magnesium bistriflimide Mg(TFSI)2 (also called “water‐in‐salt electrolytes” or WISEs). We demonstrate in this work that the degradation products formed, whether in the gas or liquid phase, are very similar to those formed in concentrated LiTFSI aqueous solutions. In fact, the behavior under ionizing radiation is driven by the anion/water molar ratio regardless of whether the cation is Li+ or Mg2+. This is because both cations are non‐reactive, and the bond strengths in the TFSI− anion do not vary with the nature of the cation. Reaction mechanisms are proposed to explain the formation of several species under ionizing radiation.