bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective longitudinal study of children’s theory of mind and adolescent involvement in bullying
Authors: Shakoor Sania , Jaffee Sara R. , Bowes Lucy , Ouellet‐Morin Isabelle , Andreou Penelope , Happé Francesca , Moffitt Terrie E. , Arseneault Louise 
Published: November 2011

Background:  Theory of mind (ToM) allows the understanding and prediction of other people’s behaviours based on their mental states (e.g. beliefs). It is important for healthy social relationships and thus may contribute towards children’s involvement in bullying. The present study investigated whether children involved in bullying during early adolescence had poor ToM in childhood.Method:  Participants were members of the Environmental Risk (E‐Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative sample of 2,232 children and their families. We visited families when children were 5, 7, 10 and 12 years. ToM was assessed when the children were 5 years using eight standardized tasks. Identification of those children who were involved in bullying as victims, bullies and bully‐victims using mothers’, teachers’ and children’s reports was carried out when they were 12 years’ old.Results:  Poor ToM predicted becoming a victim (effect size, d = 0.26), bully (d = 0.25) or bully‐victim (d = 0.44) in early adolescence. These associations remained for victims and bully‐victims when child‐specific (e.g. IQ) and family factors (e.g. child maltreatment) were controlled for. Emotional and behavioural problems during middle childhood did not modify the association between poor ToM and adolescent bullying experiences.Conclusion:  Identifying and supporting children with poor ToM early in life could help reduce their vulnerability for involvement in bullying and thus limit its adverse effects on mental health.
Comparative analysis of global consumer behaviour in the context of different manual dishwashing methods
Authors: Berkholz Petra , Kobersky Verena , Stamminger Rainer 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis laboratory study presents an overview of the global manual dishwashing behaviour. The focus of the investigation was to analyse individual attitudes towards manual dishwashing and to determine the amount of water and energy used, as well as the cleaning performance achieved. Additionally, manual dishwashing was compared with automatic dishwashers. Two hundred eighty‐nine participants from 29 countries took part in this investigation. Each consumer had to wash up a complete soiled dishwasher load consisting of 12 place settings based on both international and local performance test standards for automatic dishwashers. Country‐specific aspects such as tableware, food residues or washing up equipment were considered. In order to analyse individual consumer's behaviour, each participant was recorded on video and had to fill out a questionnaire. The resource consumption for washing up dishes was measured during the tests. At the end of each trial, the cleaning result of the washed up tableware was assessed. To compare manual with automatic dishwashing, country‐specific dishwasher models were tested in parallel with three different programmes with the same soiled dish samples. The study provides comprehensive data about the average resource consumption for manual dishwashing for a specific load for each country. The average water consumption per country reached 34.7 l up to 160.1 l, and individual values ranged from 18.3 l to 472.8 l. The lowest used average heat quantity accounted for 0.9 kWh per country, while the highest amount was five times higher. The cleaning results did not differ much between the countries: the average test results were between 2.2 and 2.8 on a scale between 0 and 5. The automatic dishwasher tests showed differences between both the machines and the programmes. All machines achieved lower water consumption values than the average consumers with about 9.6 l to 26.7 l of water on average. The energy consumption ranged from 0.5 kWh on average up to 2.0 kWh. The cleaning results of the dishwasher tests varied highly ranging from 1.1 in a quick programme to 4.4 in an intensive programme. The study comes to the conclusion that automatic dishwashing is more superior as compared with manual dishwashing in terms of performance and resource consumption under the tested conditions. Furthermore, it points out that washing up dishes under running tap water is the most water‐consuming manual dishwashing method of all investigated ones. A high lack of knowledge about the benefits of automatic dishwashing compared with manual dishwashing can still be identified among consumers.
Microbialites and global environmental change across the Permian–Triassic boundary: a synthesis
Authors: KERSHAW S. , CRASQUIN S. , LI Y. , COLLIN P.‐Y. , FOREL M.‐B. , MU X. , BAUD A. , WANG Y. , XIE S. , MAURER F. , GUO L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPermian–Triassic boundary microbialites (PTBMs) are thin (0.05–15 m) carbonates formed after the end‐Permian mass extinction. They comprise Renalcis‐group calcimicrobes, microbially mediated micrite, presumed inorganic micrite, calcite cement (some may be microbially influenced) and shelly faunas. PTBMs are abundant in low‐latitude shallow‐marine carbonate shelves in central Tethyan continents but are rare in higher latitudes, likely inhibited by clastic supply on Pangaea margins. PTBMs occupied broadly similar environments to Late Permian reefs in Tethys, but extended into deeper waters. Late Permian reefs are also rich in microbes (and cements), so post‐extinction seawater carbonate saturation was likely similar to the Late Permian. However, PTBMs lack widespread abundant inorganic carbonate cement fans, so a previous interpretation that anoxic bicarbonate‐rich water upwelled to rapidly increase carbonate saturation of shallow seawater, post‐extinction, is problematic. Preliminary pyrite framboid evidence shows anoxia in PTBM facies, but interbedded shelly faunas indicate oxygenated water, perhaps there was short‐term pulsing of normally saturated anoxic water from the oxygen‐minimum zone to surface waters. In Tethys, PTBMs show geographic variations: (i) in south China, PTBMs are mostly thrombolites in open shelf settings, largely recrystallised, with remnant structure of Renalcis‐group calcimicrobes; (ii) in south Turkey, in shallow waters, stromatolites and thrombolites, lacking calcimicrobes, are interbedded, likely depth‐controlled; and (iii) in the Middle East, especially Iran, stromatolites and thrombolites (calcimicrobes uncommon) occur in different sites on open shelves, where controls are unclear. Thus, PTBMs were under more complex control than previously portrayed, with local facies control playing a significant role in their structure and composition.
Prices or Knowledge? What Drives Demand for Financial Services in Emerging Markets?
Authors: COLE SHAWN , SAMPSON THOMAS , ZIA BILAL 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTFinancial development is critical for growth, but its microdeterminants are not well understood. We test leading theories of low demand for financial services in emerging markets, combining novel survey evidence from Indonesia and India with a field experiment. We find a strong correlation between financial literacy and behavior. However, a financial education program has modest effects, increasing demand for bank accounts only for those with limited education or financial literacy. In contrast, small subsidies greatly increase demand. A follow‐up survey confirms these findings, demonstrating that newly opened accounts remain open and in use 2 years after the intervention.
Information Disclosure, Cognitive Biases, and Payday Borrowing
Authors: BERTRAND MARIANNE , MORSE ADAIR 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTCan psychology‐guided information disclosure induce borrowers to lower their use of high‐cost debt? In a field experiment at payday stores, we find that information that makes people think less narrowly (over time) about finance costs results in less borrowing. In particular, reinforcing the adding‐up dollar fees incurred when rolling over loans reduces the take‐up of future payday loans by 11% in the subsequent 4 months. Although we remain agnostic as to the overall sufficiency of better disclosure policy to “remedy” payday borrowing, we cast the 11% reduction in borrowing in light of the relative low cost of this policy.
Improving the energy and nutrient supply for common marmoset monkeys fed under long‐term laboratory conditions
Authors: Mitura A. , Liebert F. , Schlumbohm C. , Fuchs E. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground  Current knowledge about the optimal energy and nutrient supply for common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) is scarce, and more information is needed for establishing the underlying nutritional concepts for facilitating longevity of this species as laboratory animals for biomedical research.Methods  Two feeding experiments were conducted to yield fundamental data about feed acceptance, real feed intake, and feed preferences under laboratory conditions. Newly developed feeding concepts for marmoset monkeys were also examined in preliminary investigations to compare the outcomes with those of a commercial pelletized mixed feed.Results  The first experiments showed preferences for main protein sources in the diets studied, specifically that plant proteins are more accepted than fish meal or egg protein as the main protein source. Several aroma supplements did not modify the acceptance and feed intake markedly.Conclusions  The newly developed feeding concept yielded promising preliminary data for long‐term studies of energy and nutrient supply under laboratory conditions. However, studies of the fundamental requirements are still needed.
The antimicrobial effect of Iseganan HCl oral solution in patients receiving stomatotoxic chemotherapy: analysis from a multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized, phase III clinical trial
Authors: Elad Sharon , Epstein Joel B. , Raber‐Durlacher Judith , Donnelly Peter , Strahilevitz Jacob 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 229–234Background:  Cytotoxic chemotherapy induces changes in the oral microflora that may cause oral and systemic infections in myelosuppressed cancer patients. These complications prompted us to assess the antimicrobial activity of a topical Iseganan HCl mouthwash vs. placebo on the aerobic and facultatively anaerobic oral flora in these patients.Methods:  Two hundred and twenty‐five chemotherapy patients were recruited into a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, conducted at multiple centers. The study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of Iseganan HCl vs. placebo (95% of the Iseganan and 97% of the control group received myeloablative chemotherapy). Iseganan HCl 9 mg/3 ml was administered as a swish and swallow solution, six times daily for 21–28 days. Microbial cultures were made before and after the daily Iseganan mouth rinse on the first and final days of chemotherapy.Results:  The reduction in total microbial load after the first day of treatment was statistically significant (1.59 vs. 0.18 log10 CFU for the Iseganan HCl and placebo groups, respectively, P < 0.0001). Iseganan HCl rinse had a cumulative effect demonstrated by the significant difference between the two groups on the last day of the study (i.e. completion of Iseganan daily treatment) (P < 0.05). The reduction was mainly due to decreased densities of viridans streptococci, non‐hemolytic streptococci, and yeasts. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Iseganan HCl remained the same throughout the course of treatment.Conclusions:  Topical Iseganan HCl significantly reduces the total oral aerobic bacterial, streptococcal, and yeast load. Its potential as an oral antimicrobial agent in preventing these types of infections is clear.
Reappraisal of KIT mutation in adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary gland
Authors: Sung Ji‐Youn , Ahn Hee Kyung , Kwon Ji‐Eun , Jeong HanSin , Baek Chung‐Hwan , Son Young‐Ik , Ahn Yong Chan , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung‐Ju , Ko Young‐Hyeh 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 415–423Background:  While overexpression of KIT protein has been well documented in adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs), mutation of KIT gene has been a controversial issue. We wanted to evaluate clinical value of the KIT mutation and protein expression in ACC.Methods:  We analyzed 33 cases of ACC. Gene mutations in KIT exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 were analyzed using paraffin‐embedded tissue, and two different sets of primers with direct sequencing after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for exon 9, 11, 13, and 17, and cloning of PCR products for exon 11. KIT protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between clinicopathological findings and these biomarkers was analyzed.Results:  No KIT mutation was observed in all of the 33 cases. With one primer set, KIT mutation was found in nine of 33 cases (27.3%). However, these mutations were not reproducible in the experiment using another primer set. KIT protein overexpression was detected in 22 of 33 patients (66.7%). KIT protein expression was not statistically correlated with either clinicopathological factors or survival. Patients with metastasis showed a tendency of longer progression‐free survival (P = 0.052) and overall survival (P = 0.080) when the tumor overexpressed KIT protein.Conclusion:  This study supports that mutational study using paraffin‐embedded tissue should be interpreted with great caution. KIT gene mutation is very rare in ACC, and gene mutation is not the cause of protein overexpression. KIT protein expression may have a potential value for better prognostic factor in patients with metastasis.
Predictors of work‐related musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienists
Authors: Hayes MJ , Taylor JA , Smith DR 
Published: November 2011

To cite this article:   Int J Dent Hygiene10, 2012; 265–269  DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2011.00536.xHayes MJ, Taylor JA, Smith DR. Predictors of work‐related musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienists.Abstract:  Objectives: Work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) have been recognized as a considerable problem for the dental hygiene profession, with the majority of professionals reporting musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this study was to investigate which risk factors may help predict MSD among Australian dental hygienists. Methods: A modified version of the Standardised Nordic questionnaire was distributed to registered hygienists throughout Australia. Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed a variety of work‐related and psychosocial factors that correlate with reported MSD, including scaling tasks, type of practice and work interference in home life. Statistical predictors for non‐reporting of MSD included wearing loupes, ergonomics education and wage satisfaction. Concerning is the impact on the profession, with an association between MSD and hygienists considering reducing working hours or even alternate careers. Conclusions: In general, it appears as though the causes of MSD among dental hygienists may be multifactorial, as may be the solutions to this problem. Further research is required to objectively examine whether controllable variables can be implemented as preventive strategies or interventions for MSD.
Relationships between Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index scores and general physical status in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Moriya Shingo , Tei Kanchu , Murata Ayumi , Muramatsu Masumi , Inoue Nobuo , Miura Hiroko 
Published: November 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00597.xRelationships between Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index scores and general physical status in community‐dwelling older adultsObjective:  The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and general physical status among community‐dwelling older adults.Background:  Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index is a patient‐centred assessment of oral health for older adults. We hypothesised that GOHAI is a significant indicator of general physical status of older adults.Methods:  This study included 354 adults (age, ≥65 years) living independently. Body mass index, handgrip strength and one‐leg standing time with eyes open were used to evaluate the general physical status. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships between the GOHAI scores, its three subdivided categories (physical function, psychological function and pain and discomfort) and each physical status measurement. A stepwise linear regression model was applied with each physical status measurement as the dependent variable and the GOHAI scores and its subdivisions as the principal independent variable.Results:  Positive correlations were found between the GOHAI scores, its three subdivided categories and handgrip strength. The physical function category positively correlated with one‐leg standing time. The GOHAI and the pain and discomfort category scores were retained in the final models of stepwise regression for handgrip strength, and significant relationships persisted after adjustments for demographic, psychosocial, medical and dental status.Conclusion:  The GOHAI scores and its pain and discomfort category score may be significant indicators of body muscle strength.
Safer Sex as the Bolder Choice: Testosterone is Positively Correlated with Safer Sex Behaviorally Relevant Attitudes in Young Men
Authors: van Anders Sari M. , Goldey Katherine L. , Conley Terri D. , Snipes Daniel J. , Patel Divya A. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Higher testosterone (T) is tied to risk-taking, especially in financial domains but also in health domains relevant to acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, safer sex constructs could themselves carry the possibility of “social risk” due to sexual stigma or embarrassment, or could involve boldness or confidence because they could represent status displays of frequent sexual activity.

Aim
To determine how T and behaviorally relevant attitudes about sexual risk-taking are linked, to better understand biopsychosocial aspects of sexual health related to STIs.

Methods
In 78 first-year male college students, we examined correlations between salivary T and behaviorally relevant safer sex attitudes assessed via questionnaires.

Main Outcome Measures
T, via saliva; safer sex attitudes, via a composite and the University of California, Los Angeles Multidimensional Condom Attitudes Scale (MCAS).

Results
Higher T was significantly correlated with higher scores on the following: safer sex likelihood composite, r(73) = 0.33, P = 0.003; the MCAS safer sex resilience, r(32) = 0.36, P = 0.037; and the MCAS condom purchase comfort, r(32) = 0.37, P = 0.031. Associations between T and safer sex likelihood and resilience were still robust after controlling for potential confounds, though the association between T and purchase comfort diminished to a trend.

Conclusions
Higher T was positively linked with safer sex attitudes, especially those most closely tied to STI risk avoidance. Thus, future research and interventions for STI prevention should address the possibility that safer sex may be paradoxically perceived as a “bold” or “risky” choice even as it decreases STI risk.
Falls prevention and support: translating research, integrating services and promoting the contribution of service users for quality and innovative programmes of care
Authors: Gormley Kevin J. 
Published: November 2011

gormley k.j. (2011) Falls prevention and support: translating research, integrating services and promoting the contribution of service users for quality and innovative programmes of care. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 307–314 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2011.00303.xFalls are a significant threat to the safety, health and independence of older citizens. Despite the substantial evidence that is available around effective falls prevention programmes and interventions, their translation into falls reduction programmes and policies has yet to be fully realised. While hip fracture rates are decreasing, the number and incidence of fall‐related hospital admissions among older people continue to rise. Given the demographic trends that highlight increasing numbers of older people in the UK, which is broadly reflected internationally, there is a financial and social imperative to minimise the rate of falls and associated injuries. Falling is closely aligned to growing older (Slips, Trips and Falls Update: From Acute and Community Hospitals and Mental Health Units in England and Wales, Department of Health, HMSO, London, 2010). According to the World Health Organization, around 30% of older people aged over 65 and 50% of those over 80 will fall each year (Falls Fact Sheet Number 344, WHO, Geneva, 2010). Falls happen as a result of many reasons and can have harmful consequences, including loss of mobility and independence, confidence and in many cases even death (Cochrane Database Syst Rev 15, 2009, 146; Slips, Trips and Falls Update: From Acute and Community Hospitals and Mental Health Units in England and Wales, Department of Health, HMSO, London, 2010; Falling Standards, Broken Promises: Report of the National Audit of Falls and Bone Health in Older People 2010, Health Care Quality Improvement Partnership, London, 2011). What is neither fair nor correct is the common belief by old and young alike that falls are just another inconvenience to put up with. The available evidence justifiably supports the view that well‐organised services, based upon national standards and expert guidance, can prevent future falls among older people and reduce death and disability from fractures. This paper will draw from the UK, as an exemplar for policy and practice, to discuss the strategic direction of falls prevention programmes for older people and the partnerships that need to exist between researchers, service providers and users of services to translate evidence to the clinical setting. Second, it will propose some mechanisms for disseminating evidence to healthcare professionals and other stakeholders, to improve the quality and capacity of the clinical workforce.
Primary human sinonasal epithelial cell culture model for topical drug delivery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Bleier Benjamin S , Mulligan Ryan M , Schlosser Rodney J 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Objectives
The primary human sinonasal epithelial cell culture (HSNEC) allows for in-vitro modelling of mucosal responses to topical therapy. Cultures grown from healthy donors may underestimate changes in individuals with chronic sinonasal disease thereby yielding inaccurate results with respect to this large patient population. The purpose of this study was to analyse HSNECs derived from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) to determine whether expected disease dependent variables salient to topical drug delivery persist in culture.

Methods
Cultures were grown from patients with CRSwNP. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) (basal and stimulated), permeability (trans and paracellular), inflammatory response, and glucocorticoid dose response were measured and compared with healthy controls.

Key findings
Methylcholine stimulated CBF was greater in CRSwNP versus controls (ΔCBF60min 7.25 ± 1.02 vs 0.89 ± 1.04 Hz, respectively). Paracellular permeability was greater in CRSwNP versus controls (basolateral dextran120min 18.97 ± 3.90 vs 11.31 ± 4.35 µg/ml, respectively). Lipopolysaccharide (0.1 mg/ml) stimulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 secretion was increased in CRSwNP versus controls (IL-6 Δbaseline 1738.72 ± 654.82 vs 1461.61 ± 533.51%, respectively; IL-8 Δbaseline 137.11 ± 0.83 vs 111.27 ± 0.67%, respectively). CRSwNP cultures were more sensitive than controls to dexamethasone (1 µg/ml) dependent IL-6 and IL-8 suppression.

Conclusions
HSNECs derived from patients with CRSwNP retained their primary phenotype with respect to ciliary function, epithelial permeability, irritant induced inflammatory cytokine secretion, and glucocorticoid dose response.