bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlative characterization of plasma etching resistance of various aluminum garnets
Authors: Stern Christian , Schwab Christian , Kindelmann Moritz , Stamminger Mark , Weirich Thomas E. , Park Inhee , Hausen Florian , Finsterbusch Martin , Bram Martin , Guillon Olivier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlasma etching is a crucial step in semiconductor manufacturing. High cleanliness and wafer‐to‐wafer reproducibility in the etching chamber are essential in order to successfully achieve nanometer‐sized integrated functions on the wafer. The trend toward the application of more aggressive plasma compositions leads to higher demands on the plasma resistance of the materials used in the etching chamber. Due to its excellent etch resistance, yttrium aluminum garnet Y3Al5O12 (YAG) is starting to replace established materials like SiO2 or Al2O3 in this kind of application. In this study, reactive spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to manufacture highly dense YAG ceramics from the respective oxides. In addition, yttrium was replaced with heavier lanthanoids (Er, Lu), intending to investigate the role of the A‐site cation in the garnet type structure on the plasma erosion behavior. The produced materials were exposed to fluorine‐based etching plasmas mimicking the conditions in the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus and the erosion behavior was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and profilometry. The induced chemical gradient in the samples is limited to a few nanometers below the surface, which makes its characterization challenging. For advanced analysis, we developed a correlative characterization method combining SIMS and scanning TEM (STEM)–energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) enabling us to examine the structural and chemical changes in the reaction layer locally resolved. In the case of lanthanoid aluminates, an altered reaction layer and reduced fluorine penetration compared to YAG were found. However, a correlation between the characteristics of the induced chemical gradient and the determined physical erosion rates was not evident.
Multiple large shareholders and audit fees: Demand‐side evidence from China
Authors: Yang Xiaotong , Jiang Fuxiu , Nofsinger John R. , Zhang Bo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper provides evidence on the role of multiple large shareholders (MLSs) in the determination of audit pricing from a new demand‐side perspective, rather than the typical supply‐side perspective. We find that for Chinese A‐share listed firms, the presence of MLS is associated with significantly higher audit fees. The results are robust after we address endogeneity concerns and use auditor choice as an alternative proxy to capture demand for auditing. Further tests show that audit fees increase with the number and relative power of noncontrolling large shareholders. The positive impact of MLS on audit fees is more pronounced for state‐owned enterprises (SOE) than in family‐owned enterprises. Moreover, this positive impact of MLS is more pronounced for SOEs with foreign blockholders and non‐SOEs with independent institutional blockholders. This positive impact is also more pronounced for firms with higher information asymmetry, severe agency problems and higher litigation risk. Overall, our results provide consistent evidence that firms with MLS are likely to demand high‐quality auditing, leading to higher audit fees.
KardiaMobile 6L versus 12‐lead ECG: Effects on clinic utilization time
Authors: Gaddam Meghna , Liu Albert , Lohrmann Graham , Breed Alexis , Passman Rod 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to study whether KardiaMobile 6L 30‐second capture technology could shorten ECG collection time compared to standard 12L ECG without compromising data usability.MethodsA single‐center, non‐randomized trial was performed on patients presenting for follow‐up visits to the electrophysiology (EP) clinic. Providers in the KardiaMobile 6L group were allowed to request a standard 12L if the 6L was deemed insufficient for clinical care. Room utilization times, defined as the time from medical assistant room entry to exit, were compared for each group.ResultsThere were 100 patients in the study, with 50 in each arm. Average room utilization time for the 12L group and 6L groups were 10.33 ± 2.2 and 7.27 ± 1.93 min, respectively (p < .001). In 8 (16%) visits for the 6L group, an additional 12L was requested.ConclusionFor EP follow‐up visits, clinic utilization time was significantly reduced with the KardiaMobile 6L compared to the 12L ECG with infrequent need for an additional 12L.
Evaluation of future nurses' knowledge, attitudes and anxiety levels about artificial intelligence applications
Authors: Yigit Deniz , Acikgoz Ayfer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleEvaluating future nurses' perspectives on artificial intelligence, determining their missing or incorrect information on the subject and determining their anxiety levels are of great importance in terms of providing science and technology‐based health services in the future.AimsThis research was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and anxiety levels of future nurses about artificial intelligence applications.MethodThe research was a descriptive type, conducted with 552 nursing students. In collecting data, ‘Data collection form’ and ‘Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale’ (AIAS) were used. Analysis of data was performed with descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Shapiro–Wilk, Spearman, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. In the study, p < 0.05 value was considered statistically significant.ResultsIt was determined that the students' average AIAS score was 51.68 ± 12.32. It was determined that 95.3% of the students did not receive training on artificial intelligence, and 94.0% did not have artificial intelligence‐related subjects in their school courses. It was determined that 79.2% of the students wanted artificial intelligence‐related subjects to be included in school courses.ConclusionIn the study, it was determined that the artificial intelligence anxiety levels of nursing students were high. It has been determined that students with negative feelings about artificial intelligence have higher artificial intelligence anxiety levels. Our suggestion; adding courses or subjects related to artificial intelligence to the university curriculum and starting to include nurses in the working processes during their student years.
Immunological effects of DNA vaccination and interleukin utilization as an adjuvant in Astyanax lacustris immunized against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
Authors: Meira Caroline Munhoz , Carriero Mateus Maldonado , Pereira Nycolas Levy , Rihs Pedro Gustavo Macedo , Lázaro Talita Maria , Rocha Nathalia Raissa Alcântara , Maia Antonio Augusto Mendes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe increasing significance of the aquaculture sector and commercially valuable species underscores the need to develop alternatives for controlling diseases such as Ichthyophthirius multifiliis‐induced ichthyophthiriasis. This ciliated protozoan parasite threatens nearly all freshwater fish species, causing substantial losses in the fishery industry. Despite this, effective large‐scale treatments are lacking, emphasizing the necessity of adopting preventive strategies. While the pathogenesis of ichthyophthiriasis and its immune stimulation allows for vaccination strategies, precise adjustments are crucial to ensure the production of an effective vaccine compound. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of immunizing Astyanax lacustris with a genetic vaccine containing IAG52A from I. multifiliis and the molecular adjuvant IL‐8 from A. lacustris. Transcript analysis in immunized A. lacustris indicated mRNA production in fish muscles, demonstrating an expression of this mRNA. Fish were divided into five groups, receiving different vaccine formulations, and all groups received a booster dose 14 days after the initial immunization. Samples from vaccinated fish showed increased IL‐1β mRNA expression in the spleen within 6 h post the second dose and after 14 days. In the head kidney, IL‐1β mRNA expression showed no significant difference at 6 and 24 h but an increase was noted in fish injected with IAG and IAG + IL‐8 after 14 days. IL‐8 mRNA expression in the spleen and kidney did not significantly differ from the control group. Histological analysis revealed no variation in leukocyte concentration at 6 and 24 h post‐vaccination; however, after 14 days, the groups injected with IAG and IAG + IL‐8 exhibited a higher leukocyte density at the application sites than the control. The obtained data suggest that the used vaccine is transcribed, indicating its potential to stimulate innate immune response parameters through mRNA cytokine expression and leukocyte migration.
Ecoexpansive kinship: A model for expanding conceptualizations of family to include companion animals
Authors: Schmitz Rachel M. , Love Heather A. , Tabler Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon‐human animals have long been embedded in society and are well‐documented as integrated into people's lives and families. However, researchers and practitioners inconsistently incorporate companion animals into theoretical conceptualizations of family, despite growing empirical evidence of the substantive impact of companion animals in people's lives. To more accurately capture people's lived realities of companion animals as family members, we advance a model of ecoexpansive kinship, which validates expansive family forms and functions across multiple levels of social ecological influence. To illustrate our model's applicability, we explore key definitions and outline major theoretical foundations and applications of companion animal research. We then demonstrate both the theoretical significance and empirical reality of where companion animal kinship fits into family dynamics. An ecoexpansive kinship approach can promote more conceptual, cohesive theorization of how to holistically model kinship to be inclusive of companion animals that can be applied across research and practice.
Relationship education and couples experiencing violence: Is something better than nothing?
Authors: Turner Kaley G. , Parker M. L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article aims to apply a family systems framework to the practice of couple relationship education (CRE) as an appropriate resource for couples experiencing violence. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a multi‐faceted phenomenon that adversely affects the health and well‐being of individuals, families, and broader social systems. Inconsistent practices may involve excluding couples who report active violence in the relationship, as CRE is primarily prevention‐focused and considered an insufficient response. However, CRE is a rapidly growing, accessible community resource that can be considered an initial gateway toward second‐order change for couples experiencing violence. We offer specific recommendations for the practice of CRE, including systematic IPV assessment, practitioner training, resource utilization, and curriculum adaptations. Family systems tenets and existing research related to violence among couples support our conclusion that something is indeed better than nothing.
Reduction of postweaning stress by fasting regimen and probiotics supplementation and study its effects on cecal microbiota and physiological parameters of growing rabbits
Authors: Khalifa Walaa H. , Abo Sedera S. A. , Abou‐Hashim Fatma 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this work was to reduce the postweaning stress of growing rabbits by using fasting regimen and probiotic supplementation. Twenty‐four weaned males new Zealand rabbits (5 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four equal groups including (1) rabbits fed ad labium diet served as control, (2) rabbits fasted for 12 h (two days/week) for 8 weeks, (3) rabbits fed ad labium diet with 2.0 cm3 probiotic/litter for 8 weeks, (4) rabbits fasted for 12 h (2 days/week) and take 2.0 cm3 probiotic/litter for 8 weeks. The probiotic inclusion corresponded to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were supplemented to water in the probiotic groups. Results showed that food consumption was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in growing rabbits of ad libitum group (control group) compared to other in restricted rabbits, but body weight (BW) of growing rabbit in probiotic group at 6 and 12 week of age increased by12 and 19%, respectively, than other in control group and also improved daily weight gain (DWG) during all experimental periods. Compared with control, significant reductions (p < .01) in Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, ALT, AST and urea were found in oral probiotic groups with or without fasting programme. Oral administration of probiotic without fasting regimen significantly improved all carcass characteristics compared to other groups. Total bacteria, fungi, coliforms and cellulolytic bacteria counts were significantly improved in the fasting group with or without adding probiotics compared to control group. Conclusively, using probiotics with or without fasting regimen for 8 weeks postweaning improved growth performance during fattening and enhancement cecum activity of growing rabbits.
Effects of dietary supplementation with benthic diatom Amphora coffeaeformis on blood biochemistry, steroid hormone levels and seed production efficiency of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus broodstock
Authors: Mabrouk Mohamed , Ashour Mohamed , Abdelghany Mohamed F. , Elokaby Mohamed A. , Abdel‐Warith Abdel‐Wahab A. , Younis Elsayed M. , Davies Simon , El‐Haroun Ehab , Gewida Ahmed G. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAquafeed additive quality and quantity remain pivotal factors that constrain the sustainability and progress of aquaculture feed development. This study investigates the impact of incorporating the benthic diatom Amphora coffeaeformis into the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock, on the blood biochemistry, steroid hormone (SH) levels and seed production efficiency. Broodstock females displaying mature ovary indications were initially combined with males at a ratio of three females to one male. A total of 384 adult Nile tilapia (288 females and 96 males) were used, with 32 fish (24 females and eight males) assigned to each of 12 concrete tanks (8 m³; 2 m × 4 m × 1 m), with three replicate tanks for each dietary treatment, throughout a 14‐day spawning cycle until egg harvest. Fish were fed one of four different dietary treatments: AM0% (control diet), and AM2%, AM4% and AM6% enriched with the diatom A. coffeaeformis at levels of 20, 40 and 60 g/kg of diet respectively. At the trial's conclusion, total protein, albumin, triglyceride and creatinine), SHs (follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, free testosterone, total testosterone, progesterone and prolactin) and seeds production efficiency of Nile tilapia improved significantly (p < 0.05) in alignment with the increment of A. coffeaeformis supplementation. The findings propose that including A. coffeaeformis at levels ranging from 4% to 6% could be effectively employed as a feed additive during the Nile tilapia broodstock's spawning season.
Benefit and potential risk: Effects of in ovo copper oxide nanoparticles supplementation on hatchability traits, organ weights and histological features of newly hatched chicks
Authors: Issa Hussien Jamil , Hassan Mohamed I. , Mekkawy Aya M. , El Sabry Mohamed I. , Abousekken Mahmoud Saad M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis investigation was directed to examine the influence of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO‐NPs) on the hatchability traits, and chick quality of newly hatched broiler chicks. A total of 480 eggs were randomly divided into four treatment groups, each consisting of three duplicates. As a negative control (NC), the first group was not injected; the second group was injected with saline and served as a positive control (PC), the third and fourth groups were injected with 30 and 60 ppm of (CuO‐NPs)/egg. Eggs were injected into the amniotic fluid on the eighteenth day of the incubation period. Results showed that the hatchability, chick yield %, yolk free‐body mass (YFBM), chick length, shank length (SL), and relative weight of the heart, gizzard and intestine of day‐old broiler chicks were all unaffected by the in ovo injection of CuO‐NPs. The Pasgar Score was slightly improved compared to the NC and PC groups. Also, the in ovo administration of CuO‐NPs (60 ppm/egg) significantly increased the intestine length. Both levels of CuO‐NPs significantly increased the concentration of Cu ions in the hepatic tissue. Additionally, different levels of tissue damage were seen in the liver of the birds that were given low or high dosages of CuO‐NPs. Conclusively, the in ovo injection of CuO‐NPs has a good result on the appearance of the chicks (Pasgar score). However, negative effect of CuO‐NPs on liver tissue may raise concerns about the potential risks of applying CuO‐NPs in ovo administration.
Perceptual Discrepancies of Body Sizes in Japanese Female College Students: Using a 3‐D Silhouette Scale
Authors: Yamamiya Yuko , Suzuki Tomohiro , Mukai Takayo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBody image comprises a perceptual evaluation of one's body. We examined perceptual discrepancies of own and others' body sizes in young Japanese women. Moreover, we investigated if thin‐ideal internalization and appearance‐comparison tendency were associated with the discrepancies. A sample of 173 young Japanese women (Mage = 20.11 years, SD = 1.50 years) completed a figural/silhouette scale questionnaire created based on the national anthropometric data and measures of thin‐ideal internalization and appearance‐comparison tendency. Results indicated that the participants selected a larger figure for themselves than their body mass index (BMI) represented, while they selected a slimmer figure for their ideal body than their ideal BMI represented. In addition, the extent of the perceptual discrepancies was correlated with thin‐ideal internalization and appearance‐comparison tendency. Moreover, participants expressed body dissatisfaction to a greater extent when using a silhouette scale than when using BMI. Findings are discussed in relation to abundant visual images of attractive bodies in society, which may lead to body‐size perceptual discrepancies and misjudgments, body dissatisfaction, and eventual weight‐loss behaviors. Implications for intervention are also discussed.
Factors associated with the readiness for oral intake in post‐extubated critically ill adult patients: A prospective observational study
Authors: Elsayed Shimmaa Mohamed , Eltaybani Sameh , Elbiaa Maysa Abdalla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐extubation dysphagia (PED) is a common post‐extubation complication that may lead to serious problems, such as malnutrition and longer hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays.AimTo explore factors associated with the readiness for oral intake in post‐extubated critically ill adult patients.Study DesignThis prospective observational study involved 125 extubated patients. Readiness for oral intake was assessed using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS), and regression analysis was used to determine its predictors.ResultsThe median age of the participants was 40.0 years, and 51.2% were female. The median GUSS score was 12.0 (possible range, 0–20), and 35.2% of the studied patients had severe dysphagia (scored 0–9). Bivariate regression analysis showed that older age, male, higher APACHE II score, body mass index (BMI) ≥30, smoking history, longer ICU stay, muscle relaxants use, large‐bore endotracheal and orogastric tubes and frequent intubation attempts were associated with lower GUSS score (p‐value <.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, BMI and smoking history predicted 37.2% of the variability in the GUSS score (F = 23.865, p‐value <.001). Adding the ICU length of stay, muscle relaxants use, size of the endotracheal tube, size of the orogastric tube and frequency of intubation attempts to the regression model raised the predictability to 86.0% (F = 88.809, p‐value <.001).ConclusionsMore than one‐third of extubated patients have severe PED with a high risk of aspiration. Several modifiable factors, such as muscle relaxant use and endotracheal and orogastric tube size, predict post‐extubation readiness for oral intake.Relevance to Clinical PracticeUsing endotracheal and orogastric tubes of appropriate sizes, careful assessment of patients with a high risk for difficult intubation, and minimal use of muscle relaxants may help increase patients' readiness for post‐extubation oral intake.
The role of sugar transporters in the battle for carbon between plants and pathogens
Authors: Chen Yi , Miller Anthony J. , Qiu Bowen , Huang Yao , Zhang Kai , Fan Gaili , Liu Xiaokun 
Published: June 2024

SummaryIn photosynthetic cells, plants convert carbon dioxide to sugars that can be moved between cellular compartments by transporters before being subsequently metabolized to support plant growth and development. Most pathogens cannot synthesize sugars directly but have evolved mechanisms to obtain plant‐derived sugars as C resource for successful infection and colonization. The availability of sugars to pathogens can determine resistance or susceptibility. Here, we summarize current progress on the roles of sugar transporters in plant–pathogen interactions. We highlight how transporters are manipulated antagonistically by both host and pathogens in competing for sugars. We examine the potential application of this target in resistance breeding and discuss opportunities and challenges for the future.
Estimation of the conditional tail moment for Weibull‐type distributions
Authors: Goegebeur Yuri , Guillou Armelle , Qin Jing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider the estimation of the conditional tail moment at extreme levels for the class of Weibull‐type distributions. A two‐step procedure is introduced where in the first stage one estimates the conditional tail moment at an intermediate level, followed by an extrapolation in the second stage. The asymptotic properties of the estimators introduced in the two stages are derived under suitable assumptions. The finite sample properties of the proposed estimator are examined with a simulation experiment. We conclude with two applications on real life data: wind speed measurements collected at an offshore wind farm and air pollution data.