bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relief of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome with Correction of Multiplanar Spinal Deformity by Posterior Spinal Fusion
Authors: Marecek Geoffrey S. , Barsness Katherine A. , Sarwark John F. 
Published: July 2010

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum by compression between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Pediatric orthopedists are familiar with this entity, as the association between superior mesenteric artery syndrome and spinal fusion or body casting has been well established. However, patients with spinal deformities usually experience superior mesenteric artery syndrome after orthopedic intervention, with rates after corrective spinal surgery reported between 0.5% and 2.4%.
Symptoms of superior mesenteric artery syndrome typically include nausea, bilious emesis, abdominal pain, early satiety, and anorexia. Initial treatment focuses on gastric decompression and maintaining euvolemia and electrolyte balance. The patient should receive enteral nutrition via nasojejunal tube or parenteral nutrition to allow for weight gain and subsequent resolution of the obstruction.
The superior mesenteric artery takes off from the duodenum at an angle of 45° to 60° in normal individuals. The third portion of the duodenum is suspended between these vessels by the ligament of Treitz. Any variation in this relationship that decreases the arteriomesenteric angle may induce obstruction. Specifically, lumbar hyperextension or hyperlordosis can traction the mesentery and vessels. Only 2 cases of superior mesenteric artery syndrome in patients with sagittal plane spinal deformity have been described in the literature. In patients with concomitant superior mesenteric artery syndrome and spinal deformity, correction of the deformity may help alleviate the obstruction and result in faster recovery. The contribution of spinal column deformity to the arteriomesenteric angle should not be overlooked.
Pediatric Pseudophakic Glaucoma Following Surgery for Isolated Childhood Cataract
Authors: Al-Dahmash Saad , Khan Arif O. 
Published: July 2010

Background and Objective:
To report the incidence and risk factors for pseudophakic glaucoma in children who underwent surgery for non-traumatic cataract without other ocular structural abnormality.

Patients and Methods:
Institutional retrospective case series (1990 to 2003) of patients younger than 12 years of age who underwent surgery with primary posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation for non-traumatic cataract. Patients with post-surgical follow-up of less than 5 years, microcornea, persistent fetal vascular, and/or other significant anterior segment abnormality were excluded. Glaucoma was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) of 28 mm Hg or greater on at least two separate occasions.

Results:
Of 489 pediatric pseudophakic eyes, 8 (1.6%) were diagnosed as having glaucoma (5 of 326 patients, 1.5%) an average of 15.8 months (median: 8 months; range: 2 to 60 months) after cataract surgery with an average IOP at diagnosis of 32.4 mm Hg (standard deviation [SD] = 3.6). Mean follow-up was 66.9 months (SD = 12.6). The other 481 pseudophakic eyes (not diagnosed as having glaucoma) had an average follow-up of 70.5 months (SD = 12.5). For the former group, the average age at cataract surgery was 49.6 months (SD = 21.6; median: 60.5 months; range: 12 to 62 months), whereas for the latter group it was 45.5 months (SD = 32.4; median: 37 months; range: 5 to 141 months). One eye from the former group and 27 eyes from the latter group had sulcus placement of an all-acrylic PC-IOL.

Conclusion:
Pediatric pseudophakic glaucoma was rare and had no obvious risk profile. Selection bias for PC-IOL placement favored eyes operated on after infancy (ie, after the period of highest risk for aphakic glaucoma). Most eyes were diagnosed as having glaucoma within 1 year of surgery, sooner than when most eyes are typically diagnosed as having aphakic glaucoma.
Anatomic and Visual Outcomes of Vitrectomy for Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome
Authors: Witkin Andre J. , Patron Mark E. , Castro Leonardo C. , Reichel Elias , Rogers Adam H. , Baumal Caroline R. , Duker Jay S. 
Published: July 2010

Background and Objective:
To assess anatomic and visual outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy for vitreomacular traction syndrome.

Patients and Methods:
Charts of 746 patients who had vitrectomy surgery with membrane peel between January 2002 and December 2007 were reviewed. Vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) was diagnosed based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) appearance. Twenty eyes of 20 patients were found to have had vitrectomy surgery for VMT and were included in the study.

Results:

Mean visual acuity was 20/122 preoperatively and 20/68 postoperatively (
P
= .005). Mean foveal thickness was 404.00 μm preoperatively and 250.55 μm postoperatively (
P
= .001). A subgroup analysis was performed based on preoperative OCT appearance. Improvement in vision was not significant in eyes with lamellar separation between the inner and outer fovea (
P
= .379), but was significant in eyes with cystoid macular edema (
P
= .045) or perifoveal traction (
P
= .040).

Conclusion:
Overall, there was a significant improvement in visual acuity and central foveal thickness postoperatively. Eyes with lamellar separation of the inner and outer foveal layers preoperatively had worse visual results, whereas eyes with cystoid macular edema or perifoveal VMT had better visual results.
Extracellular Matrix of Glioblastoma Inhibits Polarization and Transmigration of T Cells: The Role of Tenascin-C in Immune Suppression
Authors: Huang Jyun-Yuan , Cheng Yu-Jung , Lin Yu-Ping , Lin Huan-Ching , Su Chung-Chen , Juliano Rudy , Yang Bei-Chang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDense accumulations of T cells are often found in peritumoral areas, which reduce the efficiency of contact-dependent lysis of tumor cells. We demonstrate in this study that the extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by tumors can directly regulate T cell migration. The transmigration rate of several T cells including peripheral blood primary T cell, Jurkat, and Molt-4 measured for glioma cells or glioma ECM was consistently low. Jurkat cells showed reduced amoeba-like shape formation and delayed ERK activation when they were in contact with monolayers or ECM of glioma cells as compared with those in contact with HepG2 and MCF-7 cells. Phospho-ERK was located at the leading edge of migrating Jurkat cells. Glioma cells, but not MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, expressed tenascin-C. Knocking down the tenascin-C gene using the short hairpin RNA strategy converted glioma cells to a transmigration-permissive phenotype for Jurkat cells regarding ERK activation, transmigration, and amoeba-like shape formation. In addition, exogenous tenascin-C protein reduced the amoeba-like shape formation and transmigration of Jurkat cells through MCF-7 and HepG2 cell monolayers. A high level of tenascin-C was visualized immunohistochemically in glioma tumor tissues. CD3+ T cells were detected in the boundary tumor area and stained strongly positive for tenascin-C. In summary, glioma cells can actively paralyze T cell migration by the expression of tenascin-C, representing a novel immune suppressive mechanism achieved through tumor ECM.
Absence of P-Selectin in Recipients of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Ameliorates Experimental Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Lu Sydney X. , Holland Amanda M. , Na Il-Kang , Terwey Theis H. , Alpdogan Onder , Bautista Jhoanne L. , Smith Odette M. , Suh David , King Christopher , Kochman Adam , Hubbard Vanessa M. , Rao Uttam K. , Yim Nury , Liu Chen , Laga Alvaro C. , Murphy George , Jenq Robert R. , Zakrzewski Johannes L. , Penack Olaf , Dykstra Lindsay , Bampoe Kevin , Perez Lia , Furie Bruce , Furie Barbara , van den Brink Marcel R. M. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Alloreactive T cells are crucial for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) pathophysiology, and modulating their trafficking patterns has been efficacious in ameliorating experimental disease. We report in this paper that P-selectin, a glycoprotein found on resting and inflamed endothelium, is important for donor alloreactive T cells trafficking into GVHD target organs, such as the intestines and skin. Compared with wild-type (WT) recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, P-selectin−/− recipients exhibit decreased GVHD mortality and decreased GVHD of the skin, liver, and small bowels. This was associated with diminished infiltration of alloactivated T cells into the Peyer’s patches and small bowels, coupled with increased numbers of donor T cells in the spleen and secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Surprisingly, however, donor T cells deficient for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1, the most well described P-selectin ligand, mediated GVHD similar to WT T cells and accumulated in SLO and target organs in similar numbers as WT T cells. This suggests that P-selectin may be required for trafficking into inflamed tissues but not SLO and that donor T cells may use multiple P-selectin ligands apart from P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 to interact with P-selectin and traffic into inflamed tissues during GVHD. We conclude that targeting P-selectin may be a viable strategy for GVHD prophylaxis or treatment.
The Early Generation of a Heterogeneous CD4+ T Cell Response to Leishmania major
Authors: Colpitts Sara L. , Scott Phillip 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
CD4+ T cells are an essential component of both the primary and secondary immune response against the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania major. Our laboratory has previously shown that CD62Lhigh IL-7Rhigh central memory T (TCM) cells mediate protective immunity following secondary challenge. To determine when TCM cells develop, we examined the phenotype of Leishmania-specific CD4+ T cells in the first 2 wk following infection. As expected, we identified a population of CD4+ T cells present in the draining lymph node with the characteristics of effector T cells. However, in addition, a second population phenotypically resembling TCM cells emerged coincident with the effector population. These T cells, expressing CD62L, CCR7, and IL-7R, failed to produce IFN-γ, but had the capacity to give rise to IFN-γ–producing effector cells. Our studies also demonstrated that the degree of proliferation and the timing of lymph node entry impact TCM cell development. The early generation of TCM cells following L. major infection indicates that TCM cells may not only control secondary infections, but may also contribute to the control of the primary infection.
Medication Safety Improves after Implementation of Positive Patient Identification
Authors: Heelon M. , Siano B. , Douglass L. , Liebro P. , Spath B. , Kudler N. , Kerr G. , Higgins T. 
Published: July 2010

Summary
Objective: To report the incidence and severity of medication safety events before and after initiation of barcode scanning for positive patient identification (PPID) in a large teaching hospital.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from an existing safety reporting system with anonymous and non-punitive self-reporting. Medication safety events were categorized as “near-miss” (unsafe conditions or caught before reaching the patient) or reaching the patient, with requisite additional monitoring or treatment. Baseline and post-PPID implementation data on events per 1,000,000 drug administrations were compared by chi-square with p<0.05 considered significant.
Results: An average of 510,541 doses were dispensed each month in 2008. Total self-reported medication errors initially increased from 20 per million doses dispensed pre-barcoding (first quarter 2008) to 38 per million doses dispensed immediately post-intervention (last quarter 2008), but errors reaching the patient decreased from 3.26 per million to 0.8 per million despite the increase in “near-misses”. A number of process issues were identified and improved, including additional training and equipment, instituting ParX scanning when filling Pyxis machines, and lobbying for a manufacturing change in how bar codes were printed on bags of intravenous solutions to reduce scanning failures.
Conclusion: Introduction of barcoding of medications and patient wristbands reduced serious medication dispensing errors reaching the patient, but temporarily increased the number of “near-miss” situations reported. Overall patient safety improved with the barcoding and positive patient identification initiative. These results have been sustained during the 18 months following full implementation.
Complex behavior of marine animal tissue extracts in the competitive binding assay of brevetoxins with rat brain synaptosomes
Authors: Whitney Philip L. , Delgado Jesus A. , Baden Daniel G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBrevetoxins are produced by the marine dinoflagellate Ptychodiscus brevis, an organism linked to red tide outbreaks, and the accompanying toxicity to marine animals and to neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in humans. Brevetoxins bind with high affinity to voltage‐sensitive sodium channels and cause increased sodium ion conductance and nerve cell depolarization. The brevetoxin competitive binding assay with tritium‐labeled brevetoxin 3 (3H‐PbTx‐3) and rat brain synaptosomes is a sensitive and specific assay for pure brevetoxins. Here we report that extracts of manatee, turtle, fish, and clam tissues contain components that interfere with the assay by cooperative, noncompetitive inhibition of 3H‐PbTx‐3 specific binding and increased nonspecific binding to synaptosomes. By determining the “apparent” toxin concentration (“[Toxin]”) in the extract at several assay concentrations, a reasonable correction for the complex inhibition could be made using a semilog plot to extrapolate [Toxin] to zero extract concentration to obtain [Toxin]0. Spiking 4 extracts with 60 nM PbTx‐3 caused [Toxin]0 to increase by 41 ± 8 nM, indicating that the noncompetitive components did not prevent the assay of toxin but did reduce the accuracy of the result. Fourfold repetition of the assay of 4 samples gave standard deviations of 25 to 60% of the value of [Toxin]0, so the error can be fairly large, especially for samples with little toxin. Purification of an extract with a 1 g sample prep column of C‐18 decreased the complex inhibition by about 3‐fold but did not eliminate interference in the assay. Nat. Toxins 5:193–200, 1997. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Power of being present: the role of mindfulness on the relation between men's alcohol use and sexual aggression toward intimate partners
Authors: Gallagher Kathryn E. , Hudepohl Adam D. , Parrott Dominic J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe primary aim of this investigation was to examine the association between men's level of mindfulness and histories of alcohol consumption and sexual aggression toward intimate partners. Participants were 167 heterosexual drinking males who completed self‐report measures of mindfulness, frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption during the past 12 months and sexual aggression against intimate partners during the past 12 months. Results indicated that a history of consuming larger amounts when drinking was associated with more frequent sexual coercion/aggression among men who reported low, but not high, levels of mindfulness. However, drinking more frequently by itself was not associated with more frequent sexual coercion/aggression. These results support the attention‐allocation model and suggest implications for future intervention research aimed at reducing alcohol‐related aggression. Aggr. Behav. 36:405–413, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gender differences in risk factors for violence: an examination of the predictive validity of the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth
Authors: Penney Stephanie R. , Lee Zina , Moretti Marlene M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe research literature on predicting violence is particularly lacking in specifying risk factors for violence in adolescent girls. The recently developed Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth [SAVRY; Borum et al., 2006] shows promise as it is empirically derived and incorporates dynamic factors in its assessment of risk. To date, there exists little information attesting to the reliability and validity of the SAVRY, and few investigations of the SAVRY's utility across gender. This study investigated the SAVRY in a sample of 144 high‐risk adolescents (80 males and 64 females), focusing on gender discrepancies in the predictive utility of the measure. Results indicate that the SAVRY moderately predicts violent and non‐violent reoffending in the entire sample, and also suggest that the SAVRY operates comparably across gender. Although not precluding the existence of gender‐specific domains of risk, current results suggest that validated risk factors in boys hold relevance for the prediction of violence and delinquency in girls. Aggr. Behav. 36:390–404, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monodisperse Mesoporous Silica Spheres Inside a Bioactive Macroporous Glass–Ceramic Scaffold
Authors: Mortera Renato , Baino Francesco , Croce Gianluca , Fiorilli Sonia , Vitale‐Brovarone Chiara , Verné Enrica , Onida Barbara 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn the field of bone tissue engineering, monosized MCM‐41 spheres have been incorporated inside a bioactive glass–ceramic macroporous scaffold belonging to the SiO2CaOK2O (SCK) system so obtaining a multiscale hierarchical composite. The MCM‐41‐SCK system was prepared by dipping the glass–ceramic scaffold into the MCM‐41 synthesis solution and was characterized by means of XRD, micro‐XRD, N2 sorption and scanning electron microscopy. The MCM‐41 spheres inside the scaffold are highly uniform in diameter, as those synthesized in powder form. The adsorption capacity of the composite toward ibuprofen is three times higher than that of the MCM‐41‐free scaffold, because of the presence of the ordered mesoporous silica. Also the release behavior in SBF at 37 °C is strongly affected by the presence of MCM‐41 inside the scaffold macropores.
Bio‐inspired Photoelectric Conversion Based on Smart‐Gating Nanochannels
Authors: Wen Liping , Hou Xu , Tian Ye , Zhai Jin , Jiang Lei 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInspired by the light‐driven, cross‐membrane proton pump of biological systems, a photoelectric conversion system based on a smart‐gating, proton‐driven nanochannel is constructed. In this system, solar energy is the only source of cross‐membrane proton motive force that induces a diffusion potential and photocurrent flowing through the external circuit. Although the obtained photoelectric conversion performance is lower than that of conventional solid photovoltaic devices, it is believed that higher efficiencies can be generated by enhancing the protonation capacity of the photo‐acid molecules, optimizing the membrane, and synthesizing high‐performance photosensitive molecules. This type of facile and environmentally friendly photoelectric conversion has potential applications for future energy demands such as the production of power for in vivo medical devices.
Tuning Specific Biomolecular Interactions Using Electro‐Switchable Oligopeptide Surfaces
Authors: Yeung Chun L. , Iqbal Parvez , Allan Marzena , Lashkor Minhaj , Preece Jon A. , Mendes Paula M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe ability to regulate biomolecular interactions on surfaces driven by an external stimuli is of great theoretical interest and practical impact in the biomedical and biotechnology fields. Herein, a new class of responsive surfaces that rely on electro‐switchable peptides to control biomolecular interactions on gold surfaces is presented. This system is based upon the conformational switching of positively charged oligolysine peptides that are tethered to a gold surface, such that bioactive molecular moieties (biotin) incorporated on the oligolysines can be reversibly exposed (bio‐active state) or concealed (bio‐inactive state) on demand, as a function of surface potential. The dynamics of switching the biological properties is studied by observing the binding events between biotin and fluorescently labeled NeutrAvidin. Fluorescence microscope images and surface plasmon resonance spectral data clearly reveal opposite binding behaviors when +0.3 V or −0.4 V vs. SCE are applied to the surface. High fluorescence intensities are observed for an applied positive potential, while minimal fluorescence is detected for an applied negative potential. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) results provided further evidence that NeutrAvidin binding to the surface is controlled by the applied potential. A large SPR response is observed when a positive potential is applied on the surface, while a negative applied potential induces over 90% reduction in NeutrAvidin binding.
Chemical and Physical Sensing by Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Related Devices
Authors: Someya Takao , Dodabalapur Ananth , Huang Jia , See Kevin C. , Katz Howard E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOrganic semiconductor films are susceptible to noncovalent interactions, trapping and doping, photoexcitation, and dimensional deformation. While these effects can be detrimental to the performance of conventional circuits, they can be harnessed, especially in field‐effect architectures, to detect chemical and physical stimuli. This Review summarizes recent advances in the use of organic electronic materials for the detection of environmental chemicals, pressure, and light. The material features that are responsible for the transduction of the input signals to electronic information are discussed in detail.
An Expeditious Copper‐Catalyzed Access to 3‐Aminoquinolinones, 3‐Aminocoumarins and Anilines using Sodium Azide
Authors: Messaoudi Samir , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouâd 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAn efficient copper‐catalyzed in situ C(sp2)NH2 bond formation to provide a range of 3‐aminoquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones and 3‐aminocoumarins from 3‐bromoquinolinones and 3‐bromocoumarins, respectively, has been achieved. The reaction conditions involve the use of copper powder as the catalyst, eco‐friendly ethanol as the solvent in the presence of pipecolinic acid as the ligand and ascorbic acid as the additive. The efficiency of this practical method was demonstrated in the synthesis of various anilines.
Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation of adsorption of nitrogen and oxygen in realistic nanoporous carbon models
Authors: Kumar Amit , Lobo Raul F. , Wagner Norman J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdsorption of nitrogen and oxygen in nanoporous carbons (NPC) is simulated using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, where the Steele potential (developed for gas interactions with graphite) is used to represent gas–carbon interactions. NPC models used for the adsorption simulations are developed using an isothermal‐isobaric (constant NpT) ensemble Monte Carlo algorithm whereby an initial polymer chain is evolved through a series of atomic displacement and bond rearrangement steps into the final carbon structure. These constant NpT carbon models are representative of real NPCs in terms of local structure and chemical composition. Predictions of nitrogen and oxygen sorption from our model NPCs show good agreement with experimental data. The isosteric heats of adsorption of both adsorbates lie within the range of experimental values for NPCs. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms of the two gases showsemi‐quantitative match with experimental adsorption isotherms. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011