bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الموسيقى لدى القدماء: نظام كُسْمولُجي وتَناسُب رياضي
Authors: البُعزّاتي بنّاصر 
Published: June 2024

ملخص
‫تتعلق المقالة بمكانة الموسيقى في الحياة الاجتماعية والثقافية في المجال الإغريقي الواسع. جيلاً بعد جيل، ومنذ ما قبل الإغريق، ميّزت النُخبة بين متتالية من الأصوات العارية من نظام ومتتالية من الأصوات ذات تأليف منظَّم يترتّب عنه نغمٌ؛ وأصبحت المعرفة بالأنغام، أي الهَرمونيا أو الموسيقى، عنصراً أساسياً في النظر إلى نظام الكون. ثم أصبحت الموسيقى منذ القرن السابع قبل الميلاد مكوّناً أساسياً من الفاعلية الفكرية، قبل أن تتّخذ طابع الضرورة المذهبية لدى الفيثاغوريين الذين يتصوّرون الكون عدداً ونغماً. ثم انتبه الإغريق إلى أهمية الموسيقى في تكوين شخصية الإنسان؛ إذ ارتكز عندهم تكوين الفرد على تعلّم الشعر والدين والرياضة البدنية والموسيقى. وعُدّت هذه العناصر متكاملة في تشييد شخصية سليمة وقويّة. واقتنعت النخبة بكون الموسيقى بدون تريّض بدني تكوّن شخصية ضعيفة الروح، والرياضة بدون موسيقى قد تنشئ فرداً بليداً وبدون ذوق ولا ثقافة مدنية. المقالة، إذن، عرض للأفكار الأساسية في باب الموسيقى لدى القدماء، وأوجه تفاعل نظرية الموسيقى مع التصورات الفلسفية والأبنية الفكرية عامة.‬
Goodbyes without farewells under the rubble: A phenomenological study of earthquake victim’s methods of coping with ambiguous loss
Authors: Güler Kübra Gülırmak , Albayrak Eda 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Ambiguous loss refers to the lack of clear information about the fate of a missing person or object. Aim: This study aims to examine in-depth the experiences of earthquake victims regarding the methods of coping with the uncertain losses they experienced after the Kahramanmaraş-based earthquake disaster on February 6, 2023. Methods: In this qualitative study conducted using phenomenological research design, the snowball sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used. Face-to-face, in-depth interviews of approximately 30 to 40 minutes were conducted with 20 earthquake victims reached by this method. Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze the data obtained. Data were collected by COREQ criteria. Results: According to the results of the analysis, three main categories ( inner journey and emotional transformation, bridges of solidarity built on destruction, and change and growth in life perspectives) and nine themes ( whispers coming from under the rubble, the reaction of facing ambiguity, mental labyrinths in the search for meaning, hearts united amid destruction, the search for meaning in ambiguity and ways out of spiritual wreckage, growth among the rubble, and the value of transience and new horizons rising from the ruins) emerged. Discussion: The research reveals that the coping methods adopted by earthquake victims in the face of personal and objective ambiguous losses range from spirituality to social support mechanisms. Implications for practice: In line with the results obtained from the findings, it is suggested that the coping strategies of earthquake victims should be strengthened, and new methods should be developed.
Proxy consultations for severe mental illnesses: An exploratory cross-sectional study from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hegde Prakyath Ravindranath , Gowda Guru S , Vajawat Bhavika , Subramaniyan Sivakami Sundari , Basavaraju Vinay , Manjunatha Narayana , Naveen Kumar Channaveerachari , Math Suresh Bada 
Published: June 2024

Background: Non-adherence to medication leading to a break in continuity of care poses significant challenges in severe mental illness (SMI), leading to poor outcomes. In India, proxy consultation, wherein caregivers consult on behalf of patients, is a commonly adopted but insufficiently researched area to address these challenges. Aims: To explore the extent of proxy consultation in outpatient care of persons with SMI and investigate its sociodemographic and clinical correlates. Methodology: In a tertiary care psychiatry outpatient setting, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 374 caregivers of persons with SMI (Schizophrenia, Bipolar and related disorders). Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression were performed to examine correlates’ relationships with proxy consultation. Results: Proxy consultation prevalence was 43% in the past 1 year. Compared with 18 to 30 years, middle-aged patients aged 31 to 40, 41 to 50 and 51 to 60 years had twofold, threefold and sixfold increased chances of proxy consultation, respectively. Being illiterate had six times higher odds than graduates, three times and two times if they studied till primary and secondary education. Early age of onset was associated with three times higher chances of proxy consultation compared to the onset of illness in adulthood. On the contrary, male gender and upper and middle socioeconomic status decreased the chances of proxy consultation by 40%. Financial difficulties ( n = 72, 45%) and patients’ unwillingness to visit outpatients ( n = 44, 27.5%) were the most commonly cited reasons for proxy consultation. Conclusion: Proxy consultations are relatively common, driven by many social, economic, patient-related, pragmatic and practical factors. In formulating community care policies for persons with SMI, the primary imperative should be to conduct additional research, deepening our understanding of proxy consultations. Additionally, it is essential to be mindful of the diverse issues associated with proxy consultations during the formulation process.
A longitudinal investigation of PTSD symptoms, hazardous drinking, and relationship satisfaction in college student dating relationships
Authors: Mackey Chelsea D. , Schultz Megan E. , Nguyen Kristina H. , Mettert Kayne D. , Bernabe Almira Mae , Garcia Melissa , Jaffe Anna E. , Larimer Mary E. 
Published: June 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and hazardous drinking have been linked to lower relationship satisfaction; however, few studies have evaluated these associations over time in a college sample. The current study aimed to examine within-person and between-person longitudinal main and interactive effects of self-reported PTSD symptoms and hazardous drinking on relationship satisfaction in a college sample. We further examined whether individual PTSD symptom clusters (i.e., re-experiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal, and emotional numbing) uniquely predicted relationship satisfaction. College students in current dating relationships ( N = 307; 71% cisgender women) completed online self-report measures assessing relationship satisfaction, PTSD symptoms, and hazardous alcohol use on four occasions across 12 months. Multilevel models revealed that students with more severe PTSD symptoms than average had lower relationship satisfaction (i.e., at the between-person level). Additionally, higher hazardous drinking at the between-person and within-person levels was associated with lower relationship satisfaction. When examining specific PTSD symptom clusters, results indicated only emotional numbing symptoms were negatively associated with relationship satisfaction at the between-person and within-person levels after controlling for other PTSD symptom clusters. Collectively, these results underscore the impact of within- and between-person individual differences in PTSD symptoms and hazardous drinking on romantic relationships in college student populations.
Induction of cGMP-mediated migraine attacks is independent of CGRP receptor activation
Authors: Raffaelli Bianca , Do Thien Phu , Ashina Håkan , Snellman Josefin , Maio-Twofoot Tina , Ashina Messoud 
Published: June 2024

Background The cAMP and cGMP pathways are implicated in the initiation of migraine attacks, but their interactions remain unclear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) triggers migraine attacks via cAMP, whereas the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil induces migraine attacks via cGMP. Our objective was to investigate whether sildenafil could induce migraine attacks in individuals with migraine pre-treated with the CGRP-receptor antibody erenumab. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, adults with migraine without aura received a single subcutaneous injection of 140 mg erenumab on day 1. They were then randomized to receive sildenafil 100 mg or placebo on two experimental days, each separated by at least one week, between days 8 and 21. The primary endpoint was the difference in the incidence of migraine attacks between sildenafil and placebo during the 12-h observation period after administration. Results In total, 16 participants completed the study. Ten participants (63%) experienced a migraine attack within 12 h after sildenafil administration compared to three (19%) after placebo ( p = 0.016). The median headache intensity was higher after sildenafil than after placebo (area under the curve (AUC) for the 12-h observation period, p = 0.026). Furthermore, sildenafil induced a significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (AUC, p = 0.026) and a simultaneous increase in heart rate (AUC, p < 0.001) during the first hour after administration compared to placebo. Conclusion These findings provide evidence that migraine induction via the cGMP pathway can occur even under CGRP receptor blockade. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: Identifier NCT05889455.
School Poverty Level Moderates the Effectiveness of a Physical Activity Intervention
Authors: Quader Zerleen S. , Sliwa Sarah , Haardörfer Regine , Suglia Shakira F. , Gazmararian Julie A. 
Published: June 2024

PurposeTo explore whether school poverty level and funding modified the effectiveness of an evidence-based Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program called Health Empowers You! implemented in elementary schools in Georgia.DesignSecondary data analysis of a multi-level, cluster-randomized controlled trial.Setting40 elementary schools in Georgia in 2018-2019.Subjects4thgrade students in Georgia.MeasuresIntervention schools implemented the Health Empowers You! program to increase school-day physical activity. The outcome was average daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, school free-reduced price lunch (FRPL) percentage and per pupil expenditures were effect modifiers.AnalysisSeparate linear mixed regression models estimated the effect of the intervention on average daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, with interaction terms between intervention status and (1) school FRPL percentage or (2) per pupil expenditures.ResultsThe effect of the intervention was significantly higher in schools with higher FRPL percentage (intervention*school % FRPL β (95% CI): .06 (.01, .12)), and was modestly, but not statistically significantly, higher in schools with lower per pupil expenditures.ConclusionFindings support the use of the Health Empowers You! intervention, which was effective in lower income schools, and may potentially reduce disparities in students’ physical activity levels.
Synthesis and properties of silicon-containing poly(diethynylbenzen-co-phenoxyphenoxybenzenediacetylene)s
Authors: Liu Shuyue , Lv Shuaikang , Gong Changjun , Xv Wanli , Tang Junkun , Huang Farong 
Published: June 2024

Good mechanical properties, heat resistance and processability are the basic requirements of matrix resins for high performance heat resistant composites. The existing two types of silicon-containing arylacetylene resins, poly (silylene arylacetylene) (PSA) and poly (silane arylether arylacetylene) (PSEA), cannot balance these three requirements well. To achieve this goal, an attempt was made to synthesize a copolymerized resin containing both diethynylbenzene and diynyl arylether structures in the main chain, silicon-containing poly (diethynylbenzene-co-phenoxyphenoxybenzenediacetylene). By controlling the amount of 1,3-diethynylbenzene ( m-DEB) and 1,3-bis(4′-ethynylphenoxy)benzene ( pmp-BEPB), several random copolymerized resins with various ratios of m-DEB to pmp-BEPB were synthesized by the Grignard reactions. The results show that the introduction of m-DEB could effectively reduce the viscosity of the resin, and thermal stability of the cured resin is improved, but the mechanical strength of the cured resin is slightly reduced. The copolymerized resin has good overall performance when the amount of m-DEB and pmp-BEPB is equal. The processing window of the resin is 56∼169°C, the flexural strength and modulus of the cured resin are 32.9 MPa and 2.7 GPa, respectively, and the temperatures of 5% weight loss (Td5) of the cured resin is 589°C in nitrogen.
Silent Struggles Beyond Breath: Decoding Hemostatic Dynamics and Bleeding in Neonates Affected by Perinatal Asphyxia
Authors: V Vivek K. , Johari Minakshi 
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives Perinatal asphyxia, a prevalent neonatal challenge, induces significant hemodynamic perturbations leading to life-threatening bleeding. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of hemostatic dysfunction and characterize bleeding events in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Secondary objectives included evaluating the relationship between specific components of hemostatic parameters and the severity of bleeding events, along with identifying parameters predicting abnormal bleeding. Methods This observational study, spanning 20 months in the NICUs of S. M. S. Medical College and an attached group of hospitals in Jaipur, enrolled 110 neonates with perinatal asphyxia on whom hemostatic testing was done within 24 hours of birth. The presence of one or more of the following—platelet count < 1 lakh/mm3, PT > 20 seconds, INR > 1.5, aPTT > 45 seconds, and fibrinogen < 150 mg/dl—was defined as hemostatic dysfunction. Bleeding events were assessed for up to 96 hours using the Neonatal Bleeding Assessment Tool and graded by the WHO Bleeding Scale. Results Among 110 neonates, the incidence of initial hemostatic dysfunction was 70%. Fifty-one neonates (46.3%) experienced bleeding, among whom 5 (9.8%) had minor, 21 (41.18%) had moderate, 15 (29.42%) had major, and 10 (19.6%) had severe bleeding events. Forty-seven neonates (42.72%) received at least one blood product transfusion, with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) being the most common (100%). Conclusion Neonates with perinatal asphyxia exhibit a high incidence of hemostatic dysfunction, signifying an elevated risk of bleeding and transfusion requirements. While routine hemostatic testing identifies dysfunction, predicting bleeding warrants a search for better investigations. This helps in establishing guidelines for early interventions, which is crucial to reduce mortality risks in these neonates.
Anti-inflammatory Property of Ethanolic Extract of Cleome spinosa Leaves in an in vivo Model of Delayed-type Hypersensitivity
Authors: Roy Torisa , Mazumder Tamal , Sharma Priyanka , Roy Tamali , Nag Tapas Chandra , Bindu Samik , Dasgupta Subir Chandra , Yasmin Hadida 
Published: June 2024

Objectives Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions represent a clinically important class of immune responses that have wide-ranging implications in various health and disease conditions. The existing anti-inflammatory drugs to treat DTH have several shortcomings including severe side-effects. Thus, a new plant-derived anti-inflammatory drug with no or less toxicity would be effective in treating DTH. The Cleome genus has been routinely used to cure various ailments including inflammation. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic leaf extract of Cleome spinosa (CSE) in a DTH model for the first time. Materials and Methods DTH response was induced by 2, 4-di nitro-fluorobenzene in the mouse foot pad. Histological sectioning of the paw was carried out to find changes in the architecture of the tissue. Serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was estimated through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the bioactive compounds present in CSE were analysed through reversed phase-high-performance liquid chromatography. Results With CSE treatment, the oedema in the resensitized paw alleviated faster with no loss of digits compared to the controls. Histological study of the resensitized paw showed less dermal and sub-dermal thickening and less collagen deposition that regained normal tissue architecture during the healing process with CSE treatment. CSE treatment did not show any adverse haematological and histopathological changes in the visceral organs of mice. The level of serum TNF-α was found to be significantly lower with CSE treatment. CSE was found to be rich in phenol, flavonoids, tocopherol, carotene and phytosteroids. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role of CSE against hapten-induced deleterious DTH inflammation suggests its therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory diseases and combating infections.
Race and ethnicity in multiple sclerosis phase 3 clinical trials: A systematic review
Authors: Ponzano Marta , Signori Alessio , Bellavia Andrea , Carbone Alessio , Bovis Francesca , Schiavetti Irene , Montobbio Noemi , Sormani Maria Pia 
Published: June 2024

Background: Distinctive differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) have been observed by race and ethnicity. We aim to (1) assess how often race and ethnicity were reported in clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, (2) evaluate whether the population was diverse enough, and (3) compare with publications. Methods: We included phase 3 clinical trials registered with results on ClinicalTrials.gov between 2007 and 2023. When race and/or ethnicity were reported, we searched for the corresponding publications. Results: Out of the 99 included studies, 56% reported race and/or ethnicity, of which only 26% of those primarily completed before 2017. Studies reporting race or ethnicity contributed to a total of 33,891 participants, mainly enrolled in Eastern Europe. Most were White (93%), and the median percentage of White participants was 93% (interquartile range (IQR) = 86%–98%), compared to 3% for Black (IQR = 1%–12%) and 0.2% for Asian (IQR = 0%–1%). Four trials omitted race and ethnicity in publications and even when information was reported, some discrepancies in terminology were identified and categories with fewer participants were often collapsed. Conclusion: More efforts should be done to improve transparency, accuracy, and representativeness, in publications and at a design phase, by addressing social determinants of health that historically limit the enrollment of underrepresented population.
The Efficacy of Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapy in Hip Osteoarthritis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Perez Olivia F. , Warburton Christopher , Philippon Marc C. , Philippon Marc J. , Best Thomas M. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease with various treatment approaches. Biological agents, such as bone-marrow derived stem cells (BM-MSC) therapy, have recently been proposed as a treatment option in the management of HOA. Purpose: We sought to further analyze the use of BM-MSC therapy by investigating the following questions. What is the standard preparation and practice? Does a dose response exist between stem cell therapy and clinical outcome? Does BM-MSC therapy alone produce effective clinical outcomes? Methods: We conducted a scoping review using the Methodological Expectations of Cochrane Intervention Reviews Manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science Core Collection was performed in June 2023 of studies using exclusively BM-MSC injections for the treatment of HOA. Study characteristic, injection preparation and dosage, clinical outcome measures, and adverse effect data were extracted and interpreted by 3 reviewers. Results: Seven studies with a total of 72 patients met the inclusion criteria. Clinical outcome following intra-articular injection of BM-MSCs was measured using the numerical pain scale, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the visual analogue scale, and other scores, all of which showed reduction in pain and increase in functional ability across studies. Conclusions: This scoping review found that the efficacy of BM-MSC therapy alone in the treatment of HOA appeared beneficial, improving clinical outcomes in each study. All 7 studies used “low-dose” injections with variable follow-up times; thus, a clear dose–response relationship cannot be drawn. Future studies using high doses and analyzing long-term effects of BM-MSC injections in HOA are needed.
Topical Application of 5-Fluorouracil for the Treatment of Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma and Inverted Papilloma
Authors: Revercomb Lucy , Patel Aman M. , Filimonov Ivan , Lerner David , Filimonov Andrey 
Published: June 2024

Background Sinonasal tumors represent a rare and heterogeneous group of rhinologic neoplasms. Even with advancements in surgical approaches, mortality rates of patients with sinonasal adenocarcinoma (SNAC) have not significantly improved and persistently high rates of recurrence in certain patients with inverted papilloma (IP) are seen. The use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been successfully described as an adjuvant treatment of SNAC and in the prevention of IP recurrence. Objective This review aims to present the current evidence on the management of SNAC and IP with topical 5-FU. Methods A three-author independent literature review was conducted to identify research involving the use of topical 5-FU for the treatment of SNAC and IP. A total of nine papers on the treatment of SNAC and IP were collected. Results The earliest study looking at the combination of adjuvant low-dose radiation and topical 5-FU for adenocarcinoma of the ethmoid sinus showed a 5-year survival rate of 100%. A follow-up study evaluating a similar protocol reported adjusted disease-free survival at 2, 5, and 10 years of 96%, 87%, and 74%, respectively. Similar results have been demonstrated for adjuvant 5-FU use following endoscopic resection and have even been described in the novel setting of transcutaneous 5-FU delivery following frontal trephination. Topical 5-FU has also been described in the treatment of aggressive IP. The largest case series described the use of 5-FU for eighteen cases and demonstrated only a single recurrence. Conclusion The use of topical 5-FU currently represents an underutilized therapeutic modality within the treatment of rhinologic neoplasms. Available literature suggests that neoadjuvant use of topical 5-FU can improve survival and decrease recurrence for SNAC and IP. However, the small sample sizes prevent advocation for routine use in the general population and further research on 5-FU is necessary.