bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digestible energy content of pasture species in growing European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.)
Authors: Quijada R. P. , Bitsch N. I. , Hodgkinson S. M. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryThe objectives were to determine the apparent energy digestibility of six pasture species frequently grazed by European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) and to estimate the digestible energy (DE) consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar. Seven diets were prepared; a base diet (BD) which did not contain any pasture species, diets D1 to D5 which included 75% of the BD and 25% of the dried pasture species Lolium perenne (D1), Festuca arundinacea (D2), Agrostis capillaris (D3), Bromus staminius (D4) or Trifolium repens (D5) and D6 which contained 85% BD and 15% dried Plantago lanceolata. Seven purebred European wild boar (initial liveweight 24.4 ± 0.8 kg, average ± SEM) were given access to the diets following a Latin Square design. The animals received each diet for eight days, with faecal sampling on days 6, 7 and 8. The total apparent DE consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar was estimated using previously collected pasture consumption data from wild boar. The digestibility coefficients and DE contents of the pasture species ranged from 0.29 to 0.65, and 5.8 to 12.6 MJ/kg DM respectively, with L. perenne and P. lanceolata having the greatest digestibility coefficients and DE contents. The wild boar were estimated to satisfy between 52% and 142% of their maintenance energy requirements through pasture consumption. Grazing wild boar are able to utilise an important proportion of the energy present in pasture species.
Heat shock protein 27 and cyclophilin A associate with the pathogenesis of COPD
Authors: HU RUICHENG , OUYANG QING , DAI AIGUO , TAN SHUANGXIANG , XIAO ZHIQIANG , TANG CENE 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  COPD is a global disease characterized by chronic bronchitis and obstructive emphysema. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood. This study aimed to use proteomics to provide new insights into the mechanisms of COPD.Methods:  Protein lysates were prepared from lung tissue samples harvested from never‐smokers, non‐COPD smokers and COPD smokers, and were analysed using 2‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. Differentially expressed proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. The differential expression of heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) and cyclophilin A (CyPA) was validated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.Results:  Twenty‐four proteins were identified by mass spectrometry as being differentially expressed among the three groups of subjects. The main functions of these proteins involve basic metabolism, oxidation/reduction, coagulation/fibrinolysis, protein degradation, signal transduction, inflammation and cell growth/differentiation/apoptosis. Proteomic analysis revealed that the expression of Hsp27 and CyPA was upregulated in smokers, and this upregulation was particularly marked in COPD smokers. The variation in expression of Hsp27 and CyPA between the groups was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.Conclusions:  Hsp27 and CyPA are associated with the pathogenesis of COPD, and smoking contributes to the overexpression of these proteins.
Are psyllids affiliated with the threatened plants Acacia ausfeldii, A. dangarensis and A. gordonii at risk of co‐extinction?
Authors: POWELL FIONA A. , HOCHULI DIETER F. , SYMONDS CELIA L. , CASSIS GERASIMOS 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSecondary extinctions of dependent affiliate species may exceed the numbers of species directly extirpated with habitat loss. We investigated the host specificity, and hence the co‐extinction risk, of multiple psyllid species (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) on the threatened plants Acacia ausfeldii, A. dangarensis and A. gordonii by sampling from these and other sympatric common plants across multiple sites, years and plant phenologies. We found one specialist psyllid species (Psyllidae: Acizzia sp.) on each of the plants A. ausfeldii and A. gordonii but no specialists on A. dangarensis. The A. gordonii specialist only occurred when its host was in flower. Specialist psyllids considered at risk of extinction represented 10% of all psyllid species observed on the three threatened acacias. Potential risks to co‐endangered affiliates need to be considered when implementing threatened plant recovery actions. Conservation of plant populations and plant species diversity is also necessary to maintain high insect diversity.
Health‐related quality of life after surgery for primary advanced rectal cancer and recurrent rectal cancer: a review
Authors: Thaysen H. V. , Jess P. , Laurberg S. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim  Health‐related quality of life is an important outcome measure in treatment of cancer. A review of the literature was undertaken to provide an overview of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) after surgery for primary advanced or recurrent rectal cancer and to outline proposals for future HRQoL studies in this area.Method  A systematic literature search was undertaken. Only studies concerning surgery for primary advanced or recurrent rectal cancer and describing methods used for measuring HRQoL were considered.Results  Seven studies were identified, including two prospective longitudinal studies, three cross‐sectional studies and two based on qualitative data. Global quality of life, and physical, social, role and sexual function seemed to be impaired for a varying time after surgery. All the studies had methodical problems due to small sample size (12–44 patients) and different points of time for the assessment of HRQoL (12.3–47 months), which made it difficult to determine the period of time of impaired HRQoL and also if this is different after surgery for locally advanced or recurrent disease compared with after total mesorectal excision used for earlier tumours.Conclusion  Several aspects of HRQoL are impaired for a variable time after treatment for locally advanced or recurrence of rectal cancer. Larger prospective longitudinal studies are needed to provide further information regarding the effects of this extensive surgery on quality of life.
Is non‐ablative 1550‐nm fractional photothermolysis an effective modality to treat melasma? Results from a prospective controlled single‐blinded trial in 51 patients
Authors: Karsai S. , Fischer T. , Pohl L. , Schmitt L. , Buhck H. , Jünger M. , Raulin C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Melasma is a common benign pigmentary disease and can pose a substantial therapeutic challenge. Although the use of non‐ablative fractional photothermolysis (NFP) has gained much popularity, there are still very few evidence‐based data supporting NFP in the treatment of melasma.Objective  To assess the efficacy and safety of NFP for the treatment of melasma in a controlled observer‐blinded parallel‐group study.Patients and methods  Fifty‐one patients [90.2% women, 9.8% men; mean age 40.3 ± 6.1 (control group) and 41.7 ± 11.4 (treatment group)] received a broad‐spectrum sunscreen either alone (n = 25; 49.0%) or in combination with a 1550‐nm NFP treatment (n = 26; 51.0%) [energy: 15 mJ/microthermal zone (MTZ); total density: 1048 MTZs/cm2; density per pass: 131 MTZs/cm2; number of passes: 8; total coverage: 20%]. Four sessions of NFP treatment were performed at 3‐week intervals on each subject in the treatment group. Patients were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks after final treatment. The primary efficacy variables were the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) and the physician’s global assessment (PGA); secondary efficacy variables were the patients’ subjective assessment of improvement and patient satisfaction. Safety was evaluated through the reporting of adverse events.Results  The percentage of subjective improvement was virtually identical in both groups: one‐third of the patients reported a ‘marked improvement’ and another half reported ‘some improvement’. Twenty‐three patients in each group declared that they were ‘satisfied’ with the treatment result. The MASI corroborated the patients’ subjective estimate, both in terms of the degree of improvement and the lack of a group difference. In both groups, the MASI score and the PGA were reduced significantly after therapy, and the reduction was also clinically relevant. No serious side‐effects were reported in either group.Conclusion  Our findings do not support the hypothesis of NFP providing a substantial benefit in treating melasma when compared with the lone application of a broad‐spectrum sunscreen.
Infantile haemangioma: Part I. Pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features, life cycle and associated structural abnormalities
Authors: Léauté‐Labrèze C. , Prey S. , Ezzedine K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractInfantile haemangioma (IH) is the most common tumour of infancy. Its typical natural history is characterized by an early rapid growth following birth and a slow spontaneous regression phase within a period of 3 to 7 years. The exact aetiopathogeny underlying IH is still to be fully understood, but the role of fetal hypoxic stress is strongly suggested as a triggering signal in epidemiological studies. IH are composed of a complex mixture of cells including multipotent stem cells, a majority of immature endothelial cells, pericytes, dendritic cells and in the late stage, adipocytes. Most of IH are nodular and are not associated with malformations. However, in some cases, IH referred to as segmental may be associated with developmental abnormalities such as PHACES and PELVIS/SACRAL syndromes.
Infantile haemangioma: Part II. Risks, complications and treatment
Authors: Léauté‐Labrèze C. , Prey S. , Ezzedine K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBecause of their spontaneous involution, most infantile haemangiomas (IH) do not require therapeutic intervention. However, in 10 to 15% of cases such as segmental and multifocal IH, locations in the periocular, airway and perineal areas, or complications of ulceration, treatment is necessary. Moreover, the risk of permanent scarring and disfigurement associated with IH, even if involution is complete, has been increasingly recognized as a rationale for treatment. Treatments for IH currently include topical, intralesional, systemic therapies, laser and surgical modalities depending on the clinical scenario. However, clinicians must carefully weigh the risks and benefits for each treatment. Recently, the efficacy of propranolol, a non‐cardioselective beta‐blocker, was reported and has been revolutionary in the management of IH.
Psoriasis and hypertension: a case‐control study
Authors: Armesto S. , Coto‐Segura P. , Osuna C.G. , Camblor P.M. , Santos‐Juanes J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Several studies stated that patient with psoriasis carried an increased risk of psoriasis but some studies did not demonstrate this association.Objectives  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in psoriasis based on a sample of Spanish population.Methods  This was a hospital‐based case‐control study involving 661 psoriatic patients (cases) and 661 control matched by gender and age. Meta‐analysis of the previous studies was made.Results  The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in psoriasis patients than controls (30.3%, 21.3%, respectively, P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, hypertension was associated with psoriasis after controlling for age, gender, diabetes, obesity and smoking (OR = 1.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.94).Conclusion  The results of this study support the association between psoriasis and hypertension.
Quality‐of‐care for leg ulcers in the metropolitan area of Hamburg – a community‐based study
Authors: Herberger K. , Rustenbach S.J. , Grams L. , Münter K.C. , Schäfer E. , Augustin M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Diagnosis and therapy of chronic wounds constitute an interdisciplinary challenge and should be oriented on the guideline standards. Although no data on the quality‐of‐care are available for Germany, it can be concluded from qualitative estimates and expert reports that the majority of patients are not receiving adequate treatment.Objectives  Evaluation of the quality‐of‐care for leg ulcers in the metropolitan area of Hamburg by means of newly developed guideline‐based indicators.Methods  Leg ulcer patients of any aetiology were consecutively included. The spectrum of 220 health‐care providers ranged from wound clinics, office‐based practices, nursing homes to home‐care services and doss houses. The survey included a clinical examination and the completion of questionnaires covering quality of life, experiences with treatment and quality of health care.Results  A total of 520 patients with leg ulcers were included. Among these patients, 63% were of venous, 23% of mixed, 2% of vasculitic and 12% of other origin; 78.6% of the patients were treated with moist wound dressings. Pain therapy was performed in 54.1%, compression therapy in 53.5%. Shortcomings were noted in the diagnostic work‐up and in concomitant wound care such as physiotherapy. Around 70% displayed marked to profound impairment in quality of life. The quality‐of‐care index showed that 64% of the indicators were met by the actual care; 61.8% of the patients exhibiting a sufficient quality‐of‐care, regardless of age, social status, place of abode or insurance status.Conclusions  Although the majority of patients received adequate therapy, many patients are not being treated properly in accordance with the guidelines.
Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone of patients with alopecia areata – a large retrospective study on 142 patients with a self‐controlled design
Authors: Ohlmeier M.C. , Traupe H , Luger T.A , Böhm M 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Although diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP) is frequently used for the treatment of alopecia areata (AA), large studies with more than 100 patients are still scarce.Objective  To determine the efficacy of DCP immunotherapy in a large cohort of patients with AA who had been treated in our institute from January 2000 to December 2006.Methods  A total of 142 patients with AA undergoing topical DCP therapy in a self‐controlled design were evaluated retrospectively.Results  Seven patients (4.9%) were anergic to DCP. Two of 135 patients (1.5%) discontinued DCP therapy because of adverse effects. Fifty‐one patients (37.8%) had a complete response (CR: >90% re‐growth of hair), 20 patients (14.8%) exhibited a partial response (PR: >50–90% re‐growth), 26 patients (19.3%) experienced a minimal response (MR: 10–50% re‐growth) and 38 patients (28.1%) had no response after DCP therapy (NR: <10% re‐growth). Bivariate logistic analysis revealed that severity of hair loss at the beginning of DCP (P = 0.001) is the only significant prognostic factor for therapeutic outcome. Twenty‐three patients (45.1%) with CR had relapses upon discontinuation of the treatment or even during prolonged DCP therapy.Conclusion Topical immunotherapy with DCP of patients with AA is rather effective and mostly well tolerated. The extent of hair loss before therapy is the main predictor for the therapeutic success of DCP. However, DCP therapy is associated with a high degree of relapse of which patients should be well informed.
A novel heterozygous nonsense mutation of keratin 5 in a chinese family with Dowling–Degos disease
Authors: Guo L. , Luo X , Zhao A , Huang H , Wei Z , Chen L , Qin S , Shao L , Xuan J , Feng G , Minghua C , Luan J. , He L , Xing Q 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Dowling–Degos disease (DDD; MIM 179850) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis caused by mutations in keratin 5 gene (KRT5). KRT5 is specifically expressed in basal layer of epidermis and plays an important role in protecting epithelial cells from mechanical and non‐mechanical stresses.Objective  We analysed the molecular basis of DDD in a Chinese family.Methods  Genomic DNA of the Chinese DDD family and a matched control cohort was isolated according to standard techniques. All exons of the KRT5 gene and adjacent exon–intron border sequences were amplified using PCR and directly sequenced.Results  We identified a novel keratin 5 (K5) nonsense mutation designated c.C10T (p.Gln4X) in exon 1 of the KRT5 gene.Conclusion  Our data expand the spectrum of mutations in the KRT5 gene underlying DDD.
Global diversity in light of climate change: the case of ants
Authors: Jenkins Clinton N. , Sanders Nathan J. , Andersen Alan N. , Arnan Xavier , Brühl Carsten A. , Cerda Xim , Ellison Aaron M. , Fisher Brian L. , Fitzpatrick Matthew C. , Gotelli Nicholas J. , Gove Aaron D. , Guénard Benoit , Lattke John E. , Lessard Jean‐Philippe , McGlynn Terrence P. , Menke Sean B. , Parr Catherine L. , Philpott Stacy M. , Vasconcelos Heraldo L. , Weiser Michael D. , Dunn Robert R. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim  To use a fine‐grained global model of ant diversity to identify the limits of our knowledge of diversity in the context of climate change.Location  Global.Methods  We applied generalized linear modelling to a global database of local ant assemblages to predict the species density of ants globally. Predictors evaluated included simple climate variables, combined temperature × precipitation variables, biogeographic region, elevation, and interactions between select variables. Areas of the planet identified as beyond the reliable prediction ability of the model were those having climatic conditions more extreme than what was represented in the ant database.Results  Temperature was the most important single predictor of ant species density, and a mix of climatic variables, biogeographic region and interactions between climate and region yielded the best overall model. Broadly, geographic patterns of ant diversity match those of other taxa, with high species density in the wet tropics and in some, but not all, parts of the dry tropics. Uncertainty in model predictions appears to derive from the low amount of standardized sampling of ants in Asia, in Africa and in the most extreme (e.g. hottest) climates. Model residuals increase as a function of temperature. This suggests that our understanding of the drivers of ant diversity at high temperatures is incomplete, especially in hot and arid climates. In other words, our ignorance of how ant diversity relates to environment is greatest in those regions where most species occur – hot climates, both wet and dry.Main conclusions  Our results have two important implications. First, temperature is necessary, but not sufficient, to explain fully the patterns of ant diversity. Second, our ability to predict ant diversity is weakest exactly where we need to know the most, the warmest regions of a warming world. This includes significant parts of the tropics and some of the most biologically diverse areas in the world.
A randomized multicenter trial of Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab antivenom for the treatment of rattlesnake envenomation in dogs
Authors: Peterson Michael E. , Matz Michael , Seibold Karen , Plunkett Signe , Johnson Scott , Fitzgerald Kevin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective
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To determine clinical efficacy of the Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine) antivenom (OPCA) against progressive crotalid envenomation in the dog as reflected in stabilization or improvement of snakebite severity scores (SSS). Additionally, due to the potential decreased half‐life of the Fab antibodies in dogs we compared SSS between dogs receiving 2 different dosing regimes.Design
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Prospective, clinical trial.Setting
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Five veterinary emergency and critical care facilities.Animals
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One hundred and fifteen client‐owned Crotalid (rattlesnake) snake bitten dogs in whom worsening of the envenomation syndrome was observed before OPCA treatment.Interventions
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In a multicenter randomized clinical trial a single dose (1 vial) of OPCA alone was compared with 2 doses (1/2 vial each) administered 6 hours apart. Standard supportive care was provided in all cases.Measurements and Main Results
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Data were available for 115 patients, 9 of which were fatalities. All patients' clinical condition was documented with a standardized SSS system accounting for each major body system. Each fatality received maximum severity scores of 20. The mean severity score of the 115 patients decreased from 4.19 to 3.29 points and there was no difference between the 2 treatment groups. The mean severity score of the 107 patients without fatalities decreased from 4.16 to 2.15. Antivenin‐related acute reactions occurred in 6 dogs (6%), and no serum sickness occurred within the 95 cases contacted at the 2‐week posttreatment follow‐up.Conclusions
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In the first randomized trial in dogs of antivenin in the United States, OPCA effectively stabilized or terminated venom effects. There were no statistical differences detected between treatment groups within the study time frame.
N‐glycosylation influences the structure and self‐association abilities of recombinant nucleolin
Authors: Losfeld Marie‐Estelle , Leroy Arnaud , Coddeville Bernadette , Carpentier Mathieu , Mazurier Joël , Legrand Dominique 
Published: May 2011

Nucleolin is a major nucleolar protein involved in fundamental processes of ribosome biogenesis, regulation of cell proliferation and growth. Nucleolin is known to shuttle between nucleus, cytoplasm and cell surface. We have previously found that nucleolin undergoes complex N‐ and O‐glycosylations in extra‐nuclear isoforms. We found that surface nucleolin is exclusively glycosylated and that N‐glycosylation is required for its expression on the cells. Interestingly, the two N‐glycans are located in the RNA‐binding domains (RBDs) which participate in the self‐association properties of nucleolin. We hypothesized that the occupancy of RBDs by N‐glycans plays a role in these self‐association properties. Here, owing to the inability to quantitatively produce full‐size nucleolin, we expressed four N‐glycosylation nucleolin variants lacking the N‐terminal acidic domain in a baculovirus/insect cell system. As assessed by heptafluorobutyrate derivatization and mass spectrometry, this strategy allowed the production of proteins bearing or not paucimannosidic‐type glycans on either one or two of the potential N‐glycosylation sites. Their structure was investigated by circular dichroism and fluorimetry, and their ability to self‐interact was analyzed by electrophoresis and surface plasmon resonance. Our results demonstrate that all nucleolin‐derived variants are able to self‐interact and that N‐glycosylation on both RBD1 and RBD3, or RBD3 alone, but not RBD1 alone, modifies the structure of the N‐terminally truncated nucleolin and enhances its self‐association properties. In contrast, N‐glycosylation does not modify interaction with lactoferrin, a ligand of cell surface nucleolin. Our results suggest that the occupancy of the N‐glycosylation sites may contribute to expression and functions of surface nucleolin.Structured digital abstract
NCT binds to NCT by surface plasmon resonance (View interaction)
R3CT binds to R3CT by surface plasmon resonance (View interaction)
RCT binds to RCT by surface plasmon resonance (View interaction)
RCT binds to RCT by blue native page (View interaction)
NCT binds to lactoferrin by surface plasmon resonance (View interaction)
R3CT binds to R3CT by blue native page (View interaction)