bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation of allergy to HIV infection
Authors: Dikeacou T. , Lowenstein W. , Romana C. , Carabinis A. , Renieri N. , Balamotis A. , Petridis A. , Chatzivassiliou M. , Fragouli E. , Katsambas A. , Stratigos J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this retrospective study on 141 HIV‐positive subjects, allergy was studied by a specific questionnaire and the Phadia‐Top‐Test, an in vitro screening test detecting specific IgE; both were correlated to the patient's history, clinical symptoms and the treatment used. Allergy was studied in reference to HIV‐negative controls and in relation to the clinical and biological subgroups of HIV patients.The application of the x2 test demonstrated a high incidence of allergy and a specific relation to the HIV infection compared to the controls as well as in relation to the clinical stage of the infection. Atopy was not specifically related to the HIV infection despite the higher frequency found in the AIDS‐IKEL group.A significant number (21%) of patients with T4 > 300/μ1 considered immunocompetent presented clinical manifestations of AIDS‐IKEL and 100% of these patients were allergic. A significant number (19%) of patients with T4 < 300/μ1 considered immunodeficient were asymptomatic and 75% of them were allergic.Thus allergic symptoms may transiently be the only clinical manifestations in HIV infection and possibly a co‐factor for the evolution of the disease due to the immunomodulatory function of the mediators, the cytokines and the proteases released during allergic reaction.
Cutaneous nerves in diabetic neuropathy: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Al'Abadie Mohammed S.K. , Gawkrodger David J. , Senior H. Jennifer , Dent Mervyn , Ward John D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Diabetic neuropathy is usually investigated using the invasive sural nerve biopsy technique; while little is known about dermal nerve alteration in diabetic neuropathy.Patients and Methods Skin biopsies from the lower leg of five diabetics (mean age, 55 years)with autonomic and sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy were compared to biopsies from five non‐diabetic controls (mean age, 47 years). Immunohistochemical methods were employed using the anti‐neurofilament monoclonal antibodies 127.11 and UJ 13A. The dermal nerve profile areas were counted with a Quantimet image analyser.Results he diabetic biopsies gave significantly lower readings than the controls (P < 0.05, Mann‐Whitney U‐test).Conclusion Skin biopsy is a simple and reliable method for evaluating distal nerves in diabetes.
Sweet's syndrome associated with ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Ehrsam Eric P.J. , Thomas Patrick C. , Marrakchi Slaheddine , Mailfer Christine Y. , Rotteleur Guy L.M. , Thomas Pierre M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSweet's syndrome is sometimes associated with haematological malignancies and less frequently with solid tumors. We report a new case of association of a Sweet's syndrome with an ovarian carcinoma.
Dermatologic balneology: The American view of waters, spas, and hot springs
Authors: Parish Lawrence Charles , Witkowski Joseph A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAbundant water is an important part of everyday living. The substance also has therapeutic capabilities, some of which may have been neglected or even ignored by many societies. Whereas Italians are quick to praise the virtues of mineral water and spa treatment, Americans have often forgotten the potential benefits of the waters. A visit to the Dead Sea for the treatment of psoriasis is an accepted modality by many, but others might question a weekend at Saratoga Springs, New York, other than for horse‐racing and relaxation. Patients have learned from grammar school hygiene classes about the so‐called of cleansing of the body, requiring the drinking of eight glasses of water per day. Washing is also an important ritual in contemporary society, so much so that, one might say: “not even time for a hath”. According to an old Hindustani proverb, “bathe early every day and sickness will avoid you”Nary a practitioner would deny the use of water in the dermatologic armamentatium. The colloidal bath is recognized as an integral part of the therapy for pruritic dermatitis, just as the wet to dry compress is highly useful in the treatment of eczematized skin. In addition, water is a necessary adjunct in acne therapy or for that matter seborrheic dermatitis.
Lichen planus on the palms and soles
Authors: Mugoni M.G. , Montesu M.A. , Cottoni F. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCase reports Five cases of palm and sole lichen planus (LP) taken from our series of 263 cases observed from 1985 to date are reported.Comments The clinical features of LP on the palms and soles are hyperkeratotic papules, erythematous patches, erosive lesions and also acrosyringeal LP. It has been hypothesized that betablocker drugs excreted by the ecerine if glands could influence the physiology of the excretory duct producing the acrosyringeal modification of LP. The authors evidence the association, in two patients, between erosive palm and sole LP and HCV‐positive hepatopathy and also the association between LP erosive features and liver involvement.
Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Wenzel H.‐C. , Wollina U. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 64‐year‐old man presented with multiple, rapidly growing painful ulcers on the legs, buttocks, hands and the nose, suggesting pyoderma gangrenosum. Laboratory investigations, especially autoantibodies such as high‐titered speckled antinuclear antibodies, anti‐dsDNA, anti‐RNP, anti‐Ro, anti‐La, and anticardiolipin antibodies both of the IgG and IgM type, signs of mild non‐deforming arthritis, renal and hematologic involvement suggested the diagnosis SLE presenting as pyoderma gangrenosum. A combination of azathioprine and prednisolone completely resolved the pyoderma skin lesions. A brief overview on pyoderma gangrenosum associated systemic diseases and current treatment modalities is given.
Lichen scrofulosorum: an unusual expression of pulmonary tuberculosis in a child
Authors: Seghal Virendra N. , Chander Ram , Logani Kulbhushan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLichen scrofulosorum, an uncommon expression of an active case of pulmonary tuberculosis is reported in a female child of 6 years. The diagnosis was supported by the relative criteria. The skiagram of the chest was affirmative, though it was not possible to demonstrate Mycobacterium tuberculosis through smear and/or culture. The response to anti‐tuberculosis treatment was favorable.
A travelling bather's dermatosis: cutaneous larva migrans
Authors: Bardazzi Federico , Stinchi Caterina , Vincenzi Colombina , Tosti Antonella 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is the clinical manifestation of the penetration of human skin by peculiar nematode larvae. In the last few years this condition has been increasingly reported among travellers returning after bathing in tropical regions.Patients Thirteen patients affected by localized or diffuse CLM have been studied.Treatment and Results Twelve patients were treated with a topical 10% thiabendazole preparation, wherease one patient with multiple lesions needed oral administration of Ivermectin.
Anticandidal activity of trifluoperazine
Authors: Krajewska‐Kulak Elzbieta , Niczyporuk Wiaczeslaw 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Trifluoperazine, a potent calmodulin inhibitor, is used as an antipsychotic drug. Similar agents have inhibited the growth of yeasts.Methods Susceptibility of 101 Candida aibicans strains from patients were tested against trifluoperazine (Trif), ketoconazole (Ktz), and the combination of Ktz with Trif, using Sabouraud's broth.Results The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC)s for 101 Strains of C. aibicans were: Trif 65.8 ± 2.1 μg/ml, Ktz 27.9 ± 9.1 μg/ml. The combination of Ktz and Trif in various ratios (1:1. 1:2. 2: 1) was found to exert synergistic effect and the mean values of the combinations were: Ktz ± Trif 2.72 ± 0.17, 2.5 ± 0.18, 3.43 ± 0.21 μg/ml. These results were significantly different (P < 0.001) when compared with ketoconazole alone.Outcome Our findings indicate that trifluoperazine (calmodulin inhibitor) increased the antifungal activity of Ktz against C. aibicam in vitro.
Fungi in onychomycosis. A study by immunohistochemistry and dual flow cytometry
Authors: Arrese J.E. , Piérard‐Franchimont C. , Greimers R. , Piérard G.E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim To specify that different types of fungi attack the nails, and that they have different pathogenetic influences.Background There is still debate about the different pathogenicities of the different types of fungi which cause onychomycosis.Materials and Methods Histology, immunohistochemistry and dual flow cytometry were used to identify distinct fungi, including dermatophytes, yeasts and molds, in nail clippings.Results Various distinct fugi were confirmed responsible for nail infection, and these microorganisms were found morphologically indistinguishable from the pathogenic forms that invade other tissues and organs.Conclusion The term onychomycosis comprises a group of diseases of the nails caused by various distinct fungi.
Sensitivity to ampicillin in pemphigus vulgaris patients and first‐degree healthy relatives
Authors: Brenner Sarah , Bialy‐Golan Anat , Fishman Michal , Livni Ella 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective To elucidate the relationship between the endogenous and exogenous factors involved in pemphigus vulgaris.Background Based on the observation that patients suffering hypersensitivity to penicillin often develop intercellular antibodies indistinguishable from those typical of pemphigus, it was decided to examine the hypersensitivity to a widely used semi‐synthetic penicillin, ampicillin, in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients and their blood relatives.Methods Hypersensitivity was tested by macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) and mast cell degranulation (MCD) tests in 13 pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients and 24 of their first‐degree relatives.Results The humoral immune response to ampicillin was increased in PV patients and their relatives compared to controls. The cell mediated immune response was increased in the relatives compared to the controls, and negative in all patients, probably due to steroid therapy.Conclusions Increased humoral hypersensitivity to ampicillin in both PV patients and their relatives emphasizes the close relationship between drugs and the pathogenesis of the disease, and points to a possible genetic predisposition.
Erectile dysfunction and fertility related to cigarette smoking
Authors: Wolf Ronni , Shulmam Adrian 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Many comprehensive review articles on the adverse effects of cigarette smoking on health have been published, but relatively few have focused on the effect of smoking on erectile function and fertility. Data substantiating the damage caused by smoking to the reproductive system may be helpful in enhancing anti‐smoking campaigns.Aim To critically review the literature on the effects of smoking on erectile function and fertility.Observations Whilst most of the studies were performed on groups of men with sexual and reproductive disorders and none included a control for alcohol consumption, it appears that the association between cigarette smoking and impotence is significant. The pathogenetic mechanism of smoking‐induced erectile dysfunction is associated with vascular (arterial and venous) dysfunction. The biochemical defects remain to be determined. Endothelium‐derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide, prostaglandin, prostacycline and thromboxane‐changes may explain smoking‐induced impotence. Studies concerning the endocrine profile showed elevated serum estradiol levels in smokers. The results of testosterone levels were contradictory. Mosl studies on the association between cigarette smoking and sperm density indicated a 13% to 17% decrease in smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smokers had also greater numbers of leukocytes in (he seminal fluid and lower sperm penetration assay scores. Although the studies conducted to date do not indicate lhat smoking among males is a risk factor for delayed or difficult conception, this might not be the case in men with marginal semen quality and other risk factors.Conclusions Cigarette smoking is associated with vascular (arterial and venous) impotence, elevated serum estradiol levels and lowered sperm density. These associations are of greater relevance in patients with pre‐existing impaired function, as compared to healthy, potent and fertile individuals.
Interferon α 2B for treatment of complex cutaneous haemangiomas of infancy
Authors: Rampini Enrico , Occella Corrado , Rampini Paolo , Bleidl Dario 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSummary Interferon alpha 2b for the treatment of complex haemangiomas of infancy (HI) and childhood.Background Recombinant interferon α has been used with success in the treatment of complex haemangiomas of infancy.Materials and methods Eleven infants and children (10 females and 1 male) with complex haemangiomas (age 3–14 months) were treated with interferon α 2b by subcutaneous infection of up to 1 million UI/m2/day three times a week for 2 weeks: then the dosage was increased to 3 million Ul/m2/day three times a week. The duration of treatment ranged from 6 to 14 months. A decrease of 50% or more in the dimension of haemangiomas that was maintained for at least 6 months during the treatment or after the withdrawal of the medication was considered a consequence of therapy.Results In 1 case regression of HI was of 20%; in the other 10 cases, regression ranged from 60% to 90%. The side effects of interferon therapy were mild and transient. Our treatment schedule shows that the administration of interferon α 2b three times a week is as effective as the daily administration of the drug. In our opinion interferon α 2b is a safe agent in the treatment of complex haemangiomas of infancy and therefore should he considered a first line therapeutic option.
Photodynamic therapy of superficial basal cell carcinomas using exogenous 5‐aminolevulinic acid and 514‐nm light
Authors: Alvanopoulos Kosmas , Antoniou Christina , Melpo Petrou , Vareltzidis Antonis , Katsambas Andreas 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective The evaluation of the effectiveness of topical photodynamic therapy with 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) and green laser light on superficial basal cell carcinomas.Background Topical photodynamic therapy with exogenous 5‐ALA and visible or red laser light has been used up to now for the treatment of superficial non‐melanoma skin tumors.Patients and methods Four patients with nine superficial carcinomas participated in this study. The tumors were irradiated with green laser light 5 h after the application of cold cream with 20% aminolevulinic acid under occlusive dressing.Results All nine lesions were resolved with a single treatment and clinical evidence of recurrence was observed in one tumor 1 year after the therapy.Conclusion Topical photodynamic therapy with exogenous 5‐ALA and green laser light is very effective for superficial basal cell carcinomas.
Accuracy of diagnosis of benign skin lesions in hospital practice: a comparison of clinical and histological findings
Authors: Parslew Richard A.G. , Rhodes Lesley E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDemand for surgical removal of presumed benign skin lesions is increasing. Our aim was to see whether the practice of sending every skin specimen for histological review is necessary in a hospital‐based dermatology department. We first reviewed the histological findings of 1000 lesion removed between 1990 and 1992 where a firm clinical diagnosis of a benign melanocytic naevus (BM; n= 250). seborrhoeic keratosis (SK: n= 250). viral wan (VW; n=250) or skin tag (n= 250) had been made. Next, we perused the original clinical diagnosis made for all histologically proven malignant melanomas (MM) between 1968 and 1993, to see whether they had been misdiagnosed as one of the above four common benign lesions. Histology confirmed the clinical diagnosis in 89% of presumed BM. 89% of presumed SK, 83% of presumed VW and 81% of presumed skin tags. Common causes of misdiagnosis were other benign lesions: 52% of incorrectly diagnosed BM were SK and 30% of incorrectly diagnosed SK were BM, while 38% of incorrectly diagnosed VW were SK. A total of seven malignant tumours (six basal cell carcinomas, one squamous, cell carcinoma) were misdiagnosed clinically, one as BM, three as VW, and two as SK, but no malignant lesions were mistakenly diagnosed as skin lags. Review of 238 histologically proven malignant melanomas revealed a prior clinical diagnosis of BM in 9% and SK in 0.8%, but none were clinically misdiagnosed us skin tags or VW. Hence, in a hospital setting, a firm clinical diagnosis of u skin tag did not lead to missed malignancy, and routine histological confirmation of these lesions appears unnecessary. However, in the case of BM and SK. and where clinical doubt exists, histological review remains essential.
Segmental neurofibromatosis: a rare or underestimated disease?
Authors: Pauluzzi Paolo , Kokelj Franco 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSegmental neurofibromatosis is a rare form of neurofibromatosis characterized by neurofibromas and/or‘café au lait’macules limited to one or more segment of the body. A case of segment neurofibromatosis in an elderly patient is presented. Classification and genetic counseling are discussed briefly with emphasis on the possibility that because it is benign this condition may not be given sufficient consideration.
Mycosis fungoides bullosa
Authors: Aranha João , dos Anjos Cabeças Maria , Afonso Ana , Pereira Fátima 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA case of a 52‐year‐old man with mycosis fungoides bullosa. plaque‐stage IIA, follicular mucinosis and milia is described. The disease started about 15 years ago and evolved with periods of remission induced by photochemotherapy (PUVA) and, later, by topical nitrogen mustard and etretinate. Vesiculobullous lesions, alopecia and milia sequentially appeared in the course of its evolution. Besides characteristic features of mycosis fungoides, histopathology revealed subepidermal vesicles and follicular mucinosis associated with lymphoid cells (CD3+). The pathophysiology of these particular aspects of the mycosis fungoides is discussed.
SEROTONERGIC MODULATION OF BEHAVIOUR: A PHYLOGENETIC OVERVIEW
Authors: WEIGER WENDY A. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTSerotonergic neurons are present in all phyla that possess nervous systems. In most of these phyla, serotonin modulates important behaviours, including feeding, sexual and aggressive behaviour. Serotonin exerts its effects by acting in three basic modes: as a classical neurotransmitter, as a neuromodulator, or as a neurohormone. In a number of invertebrate species, the neural circuitry underlying the effects of serotonin has been well characterized, whereas in vertebrates, the mechanisms by which serotonin affects behaviour are currently less fully understood. The following review examines the role played by serotonin in the generation and modulation of behaviour in successively more complex species, ranging from coelenterates to humans.
DETERMINANTS OF PRIMATE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION: COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE AND NEW INSIGHTS FROM MALAGASY LEMURS
Authors: KAPPELER PETER M. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTThe aim of this review is to summarize newly available information on lemur social systems, to contrast it with the social organization of other primates and to relate it to existing models of primate social evolution. Because of their evolutionary history, the primates of Madagascar constitute a natural experiment in social evolution. During millions of years of isolation, they converged with other primates only in the most fundamental way in the evolution of solitary, pair‐living and group‐living species, but deviate in several respects within these basic categories of social organization. Solitary lemurs remain poorly studied, but their social organization appears to be broadly similar to that of other solitary primates, even though the unexpected lack of sexual dimorphism may indicate that similar types of social organization can give rise to different mating systems. The determinants of a solitary lifestyle remain elusive. Pair‐living lemurs show striking convergences with other monogamous primates in several behavioural traits, but also deviate in that the majority of species are at least partly nocturnal and do not exhibit direct paternal care of dependent young. Group‐living lemurs have not evolved single‐male groups, male‐bonded and multi‐level societies, and polyandrous groups may also be lacking. Female philopatry is common, but female bonds are generally weakly developed and eviction of females from natal groups is not unusual. Group‐living lemurs also differ from anthropoids in that their groups have even adult sex ratios, smaller average size and may split up on a seasonal basis. Feeding competition, predation risk and reproductive competition can not fully explain these unusual aspects of lemur social organization. It has therefore been suggested that the social consequences of the risk of infanticide and of recent changes in activity may be ultimately responsible for these idiosyncracies of group‐living lemurs, an explanation largely supported by the available evidence. Thus, social factors and fundamental life‐history traits, in addition to ecological factors, contribute importantly to variation in social systems among lemurs, and possibly other primates. However, neither the diversity of lemur social systems, nor the evolutionary forces and mechanisms operating in these and other primates are yet fully understood.
SPATIAL FLOWER PARAMETERS AND INSECT SPATIAL VISION
Authors: DAFNI A. , LEHRER M. , KEYAN P. G. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTThe present article reviews recent and older literature on the spatial parameters that flowers display, as well as on the capacities of anthophilous insects to perceive and use these parameters for optimizing their foraging success. Although co‐evolution of plants and pollinators has frequently been discussed with respect to floral colours and insect colour vision, it has rarely been assessed with respect to insect spatial vision and spatial floral cues, such as shape, pattern, size, contrast, symmetry, spatial frequency, contour density and orientation of contours. This review is an attempt to fill this gap. From experimental findings and observations on both flowers and insects, we arrive at the conclusion that all of the spatial and spatio‐temporal parameters that flowers offer are relevant to the foraging task and are tuned to the insect's visual capacities and visually guided behaviour. We try, in addition, to indicate that temporal cues are closely related to spatial cues, and must therefore be included when flower–pollinator interactions are examined. We include results that show that colour vision and spatial vision have diverged over the course of evolution, particularly regarding the processing of spatio‐temporal information, but that colour vision plays a role in the processing of spatial cues that are independent of temporal parameters. By presenting this review we hope to contribute to closer collaboration among scientists working in the vast fields of botany, ecology, evolution, ethology and sensory physiology.