bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of self‐assembled InAs quantum dot molecules by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Tangmettajittakul Ong‐arj , Thainoi Supachok , Panyakeow Somsak , Ratanathammaphan Somchai 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSelf‐assembled InAs quantum dot molecules (QDMs) have been grown by thin‐capping‐and‐regrowth MBE technique. The QDM‐forming conditions have been changed by varying InAs growth rate in the range of 0.01‐0.03 ML/s. We found that the InAs growth rate affects nano‐propeller shape, dot density, and dot height. The densities of QDs, nano‐propellers, and QDMs are increasing while increasing the InAs growth rate. In contrast, the dot height and the length of propeller blades are contrary to growth rate. Also, the uniformity of dots in QDMs can be changed by an increase of growth rate. These results are confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) measurement (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of hole shapes on the reliability of deeply‐etched InP‐based photonic crystal devices
Authors: Shahid Naeem , Naureen Shagufta , Anand Srinivasan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe present systematic evaluation of the optical transmission characteristics of a set of photonic crystal waveguides (PhCWs) fabricated by two schemes. An optimized hole‐reshaping process to obtain cylindrical holes was applied in one scheme and a comparison is made with as‐etched PhCWs. The spectral characteristics of the transmission mini‐ stopband (MSB) in identical waveguides show that the reliability, in terms of spectral position and shape, of fabricated PhCWs using the hole reshaping process is significantly improved in comparison to the as‐etched waveguides. The obtained MSB characteristics are attractive for coarse WDM filtering and wavelength selective mirrors. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Selective automation and skill transfer in medical robotics: a demonstration on surgical knot‐tying
Authors: Knoll Alois , Mayer Hermann , Staub Christoph , Bauernschmitt Robert 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundTransferring non‐trivial human manipulation skills to robot systems is a challenging task. There have been a number of attempts to design research systems for skill transfer, but the level of the complexity of the actual skills transferable to the robot was rather limited, and delicate operations requiring a high dexterity and long action sequences with many sub‐operations were impossible to transfer.MethodsA novel approach to human–machine skill transfer for multi‐arm robot systems is presented. The methodology capitalizes on the metaphor of ‘scaffolded learning’, which has gained widespread acceptance in psychology. The main idea is to formalize the superior knowledge of a teacher in a certain way to generate support for a trainee. In our case, the scaffolding is constituted by abstract patterns, which facilitate the structuring and segmentation of information during ‘learning by demonstration’. The actual skill generalization is then based on simulating fluid dynamics.ResultsThe approach has been successfully evaluated in the medical domain for the delicate task of automated knot‐tying for suturing with standard surgical instruments and a realistic minimally invasive robotic surgery system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temperament and Living Conditions: A Comparison Study of Poles and Koreans
Authors: Zajenkowska Anna , Zajenkowski Marcin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe present investigation tested the temperament traits of 319 Polish and 315 South Korean students according to the regulative theory of temperament. Poland and South Korea are two countries with a similar rate of economic growth but with distinct cultures; for instance, they differ in terms of individualism and masculinity dimensions as well as living conditions. This means that they have achieved the same goal with different resources but presumably also with different side effects.The results indicate that the Poles had higher levels of briskness, sensor sensibility and endurance, as well as lower levels of emotional reactivity and perseveration in comparison with South Koreans. The structure of one's temperament determines one's ability to meet environmental requirements and also how one deals with stressful conditions. According to previous empirical data, Poles' temperament profile can be characterized as being less prone to stress perception and therefore more advantageous. It is possible that Koreans, as they have a less adaptive temperament structure, experience higher levels of stress in a more stimulating environment than Poles. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceived Stress and Self‐esteem Mediate the Effects of Work‐related Stress on Depression
Authors: Lee Jong‐Sun , Joo Eun‐Jeong , Choi Kyeong‐Sook 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of perceived stress and self‐esteem on work‐related stress and depression. Two hundred and eighty‐four Korean nurses participated in the study. The participants completed four questionnaires, including the Korean short version of the occupational stress scale, the perceived stress scale, the Rosenberg self‐esteem scale and the Beck depression inventory. Structural equation modelling was used to determine the relationships among work‐related stress, perceived stress, self‐esteem, and depression. Work‐related stress was positively associated with depression. Perceived stress was inversely related to self‐esteem and positively associated with work‐related stress and depression, respectively. Self‐esteem was negatively associated with work‐related stress and depression. Structural equation modelling revealed that self‐esteem and perceived stress fully mediate the relationship between work‐related stress and depression. Future studies should further investigate the effect of psychological characteristics on work‐related stress and symptoms of depression. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Al2O3 and MgO on Interfacial Tension Between Calcium Silicate‐Based Melts and a Solid Steel Substrate
Authors: Jung Eun Jin , Min Dong Joon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe effect of Al2O3 and MgO on the interfacial tension between the molten CaO–SiO2‐based slag and solid steel at 1773 K was studied. The interfacial tension of molten slags slightly increased with increasing Al2O3, but no significant change of interfacial tension was observed with higher MgO. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) of as‐quenched slag samples indicated the slag structure to polymerize with Al2O3 additions, but depolymerize with MgO additions. Further detailed studies of the slag surface using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed the fraction of free oxygen ions to decrease with higher Al2O3 but remained constant at higher MgO. The results suggested that interfacial tension decreases not only with the depolymerization of the melt, but also with an increase in the free oxygen ions at the molten slag/solid steel interface.
Determination of transfer capability region using boundary tracing method
Authors: Limpatthamapanee Sataporn , Phichaisawat Sotdhipong 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn electricity markets, transfer capability is a parameter showing the potential of a considered source–sink pair to transfer power. This paper enhances transfer capability monitoring by proposing a method to determine this parameter with respect to a region referred to as the ‘transfer capability region’ (TCR). The boundary of a TCR is traced by using the modified predictor–corrector process on a plane of real and reactive powers. The TCR shows a set of feasible loading points at the sink area. Moreover, the shape of TCR always changes according to the system parameters. This paper also defines the outermost boundary of the TCR when the considered parameters are set to be free. We apply the proposed method to test systems, and then compare to the maximum loading points obtained by the conventional transfer capability calculation. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Estimation of traffic congestion distance using frequency division multiplexing based on IEEE802.15.4
Authors: Kobayashi Hideyuki , Sugiura Akihiko 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe propose a system to estimate the traffic congestion distance using IEEE 802.15.4, that is extended by multicommunication frequency division multiplexing. Our proposed system is developed at 20% equipped rate, where five lanes are considered. Furthermore, in our proposed system, it is assumed that the equipped rate in all lanes increases. Our proposed method can estimate an error rate lower than 10% approximately at on equipped rate greater than 50%. Additionally, we use 16 terminals in the actual environment. From the actual experiment, we find that our proposed method involving the use of communication pattern 2 is 300% faster than the existing method. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Perinatal outcome in women treated with progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Sotiriadis A. , Papatheodorou S. , Makrydimas G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the effect on perinatal outcome in women treated with progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth.MethodsMEDLINE and SCOPUS searches, including references of the retrieved articles and additional automated search using the ‘search for related articles’ PubMed function, were used. Randomized controlled trials assigning women at risk for preterm birth to progesterone or placebo were included (both singleton and multiple pregnancies). Outcomes were neonatal and perinatal death, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), retinopathy, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) Grade 3–4, sepsis, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and composite adverse outcome.ResultsSixteen studies (singletons, n = 7; twins, n = 7; triplets, n = 2) were included in the meta‐analysis. For singleton pregnancies, progesterone reduced the rates of neonatal death (risk ratio (RR) 0.487 (95% CI, 0.290–0.818)), RDS (RR 0.677 (95% CI, 0.490–0.935)), NICU admission (RR 0.410 (95% CI, 0.204–0.823)) and composite adverse outcome (RR 0.576 (95% CI, 0.373–0.891)). No favorable effect was observed in twins; in fact, progesterone was associated with increased rates of perinatal death (RR 1.551 (95% CI, 1.014–2.372)), RDS (RR 1.218 (95% CI, 1.038–1.428)) and composite adverse outcome (RR 1.211 (95% CI, 1.029–1.425)). No significant effect was observed in triplet pregnancies.ConclusionProgesterone administration in singleton pregnancies at risk for preterm birth improves perinatal outcomes, but may actually have adverse effects in multiple pregnancies. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The capacity of multi‐channel multi‐interface wireless networks with multi‐packet reception and directional antenna
Authors: Liu Jian , Li Fangmin , Liu Xinhua , Wang Hao 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe capacity of wireless networks can be improved by the use of multi‐channel multi‐interface (MCMI), multi‐packet reception (MPR), and directional antenna (DA). MCMI can provide the concurrent transmission in different channels for each node with multiple interfaces; MPR offers an increased number of concurrent transmissions on the same channel; DA can be more effective than omni‐DA by reducing interference and increasing spatial reuse. This paper explores the capacity of wireless networks that integrate MCMI, MPR, and DA technologies. Unlike some previous research, which only employed one or two of the aforementioned technologies to improve the capacity of networks, this research captures the capacity bound of the networks with all the aforementioned technologies in arbitrary and random wireless networks. The research shows that such three‐technology networks can achieve at most capacity gain in arbitrary networks and capacity gain in random networks compared with MCMI wireless networks without DA and MPR. The paper also explored and analyzed the impact on the network capacity gain with different , θ, and k‐MPR ability. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Greater sage‐grouse and fences: Does marking reduce collisions?
Authors: Stevens Bryan S. , Reese Kerry P. , Connelly John W. , Musil David D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCollision with infrastructure such as fences is widespread and common for many species of grouse. Greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) fence‐collision has been documented and fence‐marking methods have been recommended for mitigating prairie‐grouse collision in rangeland habitats. We tested a marking method in greater sage‐grouse breeding habitat and modeled collision as a function of fence marking and control covariates, in Idaho (USA) in 2010. Our results suggested collision risk decreased with fence marking, increased with lek‐count indices of local abundance, and decreased with increasing distance from lek. We found an approximate 83% reduction in collision rates at marked fences relative to unmarked fences. Our results also suggested marking may not be necessary on all fences, and mitigation should focus on areas with locally abundant grouse populations and fence segments <2 km from known leks. Nonetheless, collision still occurred at marked fences <500 m from large leks and moving or removing fences may be necessary in some areas if management is to eliminate collision. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Uptake of buried baits by badgers: Implications for rabies control in Great Britain and the delivery of an oral TB vaccine
Authors: Palphramand Kate L. , Carter Stephen P. , Woods John A. , Smith Graham C. , Walker Neil J. , Delahay Richard J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe British Government's contingency plan for the control of wildlife rabies is based on oral vaccination around a focal outbreak, with the option of the targeted lethal control of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and badgers (Meles meles) using buried poisoned bait. We investigated uptake by badgers of nonpoison meat‐based baits buried along transects for 10 consecutive days in 1995. The original aim was to evaluate the likely effectiveness of this contingency option. However, the results are also pertinent to the development of an oral tuberculosis (TB) vaccine baiting strategy for badgers, for which research has primarily been carried out since this study was completed. Bait disappearance steadily increased over time, reaching an asymptote after 7 days. By incorporating iophenoxic acid biomarkers into baits, we showed that about 51% of subsequently captured badgers had consumed bait, the majority of which did so during the first 7 days. Bait uptake was significantly higher among adults. Rates of uptake by badgers of baits buried along transects could be increased by shortening the prebaiting period or extending the baiting period. However, considerably higher levels of uptake by adults and cubs are likely to be achieved by targeting bait deployment at badger setts, and this is now included in Britain's rabies contingency plan. Although meat‐based baits cannot be used for TB control, the relevance of these results to the delivery of an oral TB vaccine bait to badgers is discussed. © 2012 Crown copyright
Personal Genomic Testing as Part of the Complete Breast Cancer Risk Assessment: A Case Report
Authors: Riordan Sara , Rodriguez David F. , Kieran Shannon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPatient access and utilization of personal genomic testing is becoming increasingly common. We present a case of a patient's personal genomic screening results leading to early detection of infiltrating breast ductal cell carcinoma via MRI scan. This case exemplifies the successful integration of personal genomic testing into the primary care setting, with the guidance and support of genetic counseling services. We discuss the scientific basis of the patient's genome scan results and risk assessment, and how this informed her decision‐making and subsequent screening. We also expound upon the role of personal genomic testing as compared to other screening tests in the complete breast cancer risk assessment.
The Heteroscedastic Graded Response Model with a Skewed Latent Trait: Testing Statistical and Substantive Hypotheses Related to Skewed Item Category Functions
Authors: Molenaar Dylan , Dolan Conor V. , de Boeck Paul 
Published: May 2012

The Graded Response Model (GRM; Samejima, Estimation of ability using a response pattern of graded scores, Psychometric Monograph No. 17, Richmond, VA: The Psychometric Society, 1969) can be derived by assuming a linear regression of a continuous variable, Z, on the trait, θ, to underlie the ordinal item scores (Takane & de Leeuw in Psychometrika, 52:393–408, 1987). Traditionally, a normal distribution is specified for Z implying homoscedastic error variances and a normally distributed θ. In this paper, we present the Heteroscedastic GRM with Skewed Latent Trait, which extends the traditional GRM by incorporation of heteroscedastic error variances and a skew-normal latent trait. An appealing property of the extended GRM is that it includes the traditional GRM as a special case. This enables specific tests on the normality assumption of Z. We show how violations of normality in Z can lead to asymmetrical category response functions. The ability to test this normality assumption is beneficial from both a statistical and substantive perspective. In a simulation study, we show the viability of the model and investigate the specificity of the effects. We apply the model to a dataset on affect and a dataset on alexithymia.
Phytochemical Composition of Oryza sativa (Rice) Bran Oil Bodies in Crude and Purified Isolates
Authors: Nantiyakul Nantaprapa , Furse Samuel , Fisk Ian , Foster Timothy J. , Tucker Gregory , Gray David A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe describe a procedure for isolating and purifying oil bodies (OBs) from Oryza sativa bran, and present evidence that strongly suggests a physical association between the OB organelles and several antioxidant phytochemicals (γ‐oryzanol and several tocochromanols). This suggestion arises from work showing that despite comprehensive washing steps (9 M urea, water), the majority of the tocotrienols and tocopherols (77 and 73 %, respectively) and oryzanols (91 %) remain integral to the oil bodies, not being released unless the latter are sacrificed. This in turn provides a valuable comparison with similar analyses of tocochromanols in other plant species, as well as indicating that rice bran, normally a waste product from the rice industry, may provide a valuable source of antioxidants as well as protein and unsaturated fat.
Superior prognostic utility of gross and metabolic tumor volume compared to standardized uptake value using PET/CT in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Romesser Paul B. , Qureshi Muhammad M. , Shah Bhartesh A. , Chatburn Luke T. , Jalisi Scharukh , Devaiah Anand K. , Subramaniam Rathan M. , Truong Minh Tam 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Objective
To compare the prognostic utility of the 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), primary gross tumor volume (GTV), and FDG metabolic tumor volume (MTV) for disease control and survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods
Between 2007 and 2011, 41 HNSCC patients who underwent a staging positron emission tomography with computed tomography and definitive IMRT were identified. Local (LC), nodal (NC), distant (DC), and overall (OC) control, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier product-limit method.

Results
With a median follow-up of 24.2 months (range 2.7–56.3 months) local, nodal, and distant recurrences were recorded in 10, 5, and 7 patients, respectively. The median SUVmax, GTV, and MTV were 15.8, 22.2 cc, and 7.2 cc, respectively. SUVmax did not correlate with LC (p = 0.229) and OS (p = 0.661) when analyzed by median threshold. Patients with smaller GTVs (<22.2 cc) demonstrated improved 2-year actuarial LC rates of 100 versus 56.4 % (p = 0.001) and OS rates of 94.4 versus 65.9 % (p = 0.045). Similarly, a smaller MTV (<7.2 cc) correlated with improved 2-year actuarial LC rates of 100 versus 54.2 % (p < 0.001) and OS rates of 94.7 versus 64.2 % (p = 0.04). Smaller GTV and MTV correlated with improved NC, DC, OC, and DFS, as well.

Conclusion
GTV and MTV demonstrate superior prognostic utility as compared to SUVmax, with larger tumor volumes correlating with inferior local control and overall survival in HNSCC patients treated with definitive IMRT.
Dissipation and enstrophy statistics in turbulence: are the simulations and mathematics converging?
Authors: Kerr R. M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSince the advent of cluster computing over 10 years ago there has been a steady output of new and better direct numerical simulation of homogeneous, isotropic turbulence with spectra and lower-order statistics converging to experiments and many phenomenological models. The next step is to directly compare these simulations to new models and new mathematics, employing the simulated data sets in novel ways, especially when experimental results do not exist or are poorly converged. For example, many of the higher-order moments predicted by the models converge slowly in experiments. The solution with a simulation is to do what an experiment cannot. The calculation and analysis of Yeung, Donzis & Sreenivasan (J. Fluid Mech., this issue, vol. 700, 2012, pp. 5–15) represents the vanguard of new simulations and new numerical analysis that will fill this gap. Where individual higher-order moments of the vorticity squared (the enstrophy) and kinetic energy dissipation might be converging slowly, they have focused upon ratios between different moments that have better convergence properties. This allows them to more fully explore the statistical distributions that eventually must be modelled. This approach is consistent with recent mathematics that focuses upon temporal intermittency rather than spatial intermittency. The principle is that when the flow is nearly singular, during ‘bad’ phases, when global properties can go up and down by many orders of magnitude, if appropriate ratios are taken, convergence rates should improve. Furthermore, in future analysis it might be possible to use these ratios to gain new insights into the intermittency and regularity properties of the underlying equations.