bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and molecular effects on mature burn scars after treatment with a fractional CO2 laser
Authors: Qu Le , Liu Austin , Zhou Li , He Chundi , Grossman Peter H. , Moy Ronald L. , Mi Qing‐Sheng , Ozog David 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere have been several case reports of improvement in the appearance of mature burn scars following treatment with fractional CO2 lasers. However, the biochemical mechanisms responsible for these improvements have not been elucidated.Materials and MethodsTen patients with mature, full‐thickness, hypertrophic burn scars received initial treatment with a fractional CO2 laser. Clinical improvement was measured with Vancouver Scar Scale as well as Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. Fresh tissue samples were obtained before the initial treatment and 48 hours after the first treatment for TaqMan Real‐time RT‐PCR analyses. Expressions of several scar‐related biological markers, including types I and III procollagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1, ‐13, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, β2, β3, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), as well as microRNA miR‐17‐92 cluster, were investigated.ResultsThere were significant improvements in both observer and subject ratings in all scales. Both types I and III procollagen mRNA levels were dramatically down‐regulated after treatment, but the ratio of types I/III procollagen mRNA was not different. The expression of MMP‐1 was significantly up‐regulated after treatment, while TGF‐β2, ‐β3, and bFGF levels were significantly down‐regulated. Expression of miR‐18a and miR‐19a were dramatically up‐regulated (P < 0.05) after treatment.ConclusionsOur study indicated that fractional CO2 resulted in clinical improvement of mature burn scar. Alteration of types I and III procollagen, MMP‐1, TGF‐β2, ‐β3, bFGF, as well as miRNAs miR‐18a and miR‐19a expression may be responsible for the clinical improvement after treatment. Our finding may have implications for novel treatments and further our understanding of fractional CO2 laser treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 517–524, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analytical Study of Discrete Optical Breathers in Spiral Polymer Chain
Authors: Kovaleva Natalya , Manevitch Leonid 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPhysico‐mechanical properties of polymers in solid state, in particular conditions of their structural transformations, are substantially defined by existence and mobility of elementary nonlinear excitations. The localized oscillatory excitations (breathers), which have been revealed earlier in crystalline polyethylene alongside with topological solitons, turn out to be significant for thermodynamic studies as well as for investigation of energy transfer. We consider analytically the breathers in more complex crystalline polytetrafluoroethylene. It is shown that introduction of adequate variables allows to construct the continuum model describing spatially localized excitations with several internal degrees of freedom. Characteristic parameters of breathers and conditions of their mobility are defined. magnified image
A cohesive element model for mixed mode loading with frictional contact capability
Authors: Snozzi Leonardo , Molinari Jean‐François 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYWe present a model that combines interface debonding and frictional contact. The onset of fracture is explicitly modeled using the well‐known cohesive approach. Whereas the debonding process is controlled by a new extrinsic traction separation law, which accounts for mode mixity, and yields two separate values for energy dissipation in mode I and mode II loading, the impenetrability condition is enforced with a contact algorithm. We resort to the classical law of unilateral contact and Coulomb friction. The contact algorithm is coupled together to the cohesive approach in order to have a continuous transition from crack nucleation to the pure frictional state after complete decohesion. We validate our model by simulating a shear test on a masonry wallette and by reproducing an experimental test on a masonry wall loaded in compression and shear. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐trimester prediction of preterm birth using ADAM12, PAPP‐A, uterine artery Doppler, and maternal characteristics
Authors: Goetzinger Katherine R. , Cahill Alison G. , Kemna Janet , Odibo Linda , Macones George A. , Odibo Anthony O. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate the efficiency of first‐trimester a disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 (ADAM12), pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A), uterine artery Doppler, and maternal characteristics in the prediction of preterm birth (PTB).MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of patients presenting for first‐trimester aneuploidy screening. Maternal serum ADAM12 and PAPP‐A levels were measured by immunoassay, and mean uterine artery Doppler pulsatility indices were calculated. The primary outcome was PTB <34 weeks' gestation, and the secondary outcome was PTB <37 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression was used to model the prediction of PTB using ADAM12, PAPP‐A, uterine artery Doppler, and maternal characteristics, individually and in combination. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves were compared between models.ResultsOf 578 patients, 36 (6.2%) delivered <34 weeks, and 78 (13.5%) delivered <37 weeks. For a 20% fixed false positive rate, ADAM12, PAPP‐A, and uterine artery Doppler identified 58%, 52%, and 62% of patients with PTB <34 weeks and 42%, 48%, and 50% of patients with PTB <37 weeks, respectively. Combining these first‐trimester parameters did not improve the predictive efficiency of the models.ConclusionFirst‐trimester ADAM12, PAPP‐A, and uterine artery Doppler are each modestly predictive of PTB; however, combinations of these parameters do not further improve their screening efficiency. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal factors associated with misperceptions of the second‐trimester sonogram
Authors: Wong Amy E. , Collingham Justin P. , Koszut Stacey P. , Grobman William A. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectivePrior studies have shown that patients have poor understanding of prenatal screening tests. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency with which patients have poor understanding of the sensitivity and safety of the second‐trimester fetal sonogram and to identify maternal factors associated with poor understanding.MethodOne hundred fifty‐five women presenting for a routine fetal anatomy scan completed a survey that assessed their understanding of the diagnostic sensitivity and safety of ultrasound, their demographic characteristics, and the sources of information of their knowledge of ultrasound. The frequency of misperception with regard to sonographic sensitivity or safety was determined, and both univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with misperception.ResultsFifty‐one percent of women had a misperception of the sensitivity or safety of a second‐trimester sonogram. Although multiple characteristics (age, ethnicity, education, income, source of ultrasound information) were associated with this misperception in univariable analysis, only education and income remained independently associated with misperception in multivariable regression.ConclusionLower educational attainment and lower income are associated with misperception of the sensitivity and safety of a second‐trimester sonogram. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An approach for mining service composition patterns from execution logs
Authors: Upadhyaya Bipin , Tang Ran , Zou Ying 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTA service‐oriented application is composed of multiple Web services to fulfill complex functionality that cannot be provided by individual Web service. The combination of services is not random. In many cases, a set of services are repetitively used together in various applications. We treat such a set of services as a service composition pattern. The quality of the patterns is desirable because of the extensive uses and testing in the large number of applications. Therefore, the service composition patterns record the best practices in designing and developing reliable service‐oriented applications. The execution log tracks the execution of services in a service‐oriented application. To document the service composition patterns, we propose an approach that automatically identifies service composition patterns from various applications using execution logs. We locate a set of associated services using Apriori algorithm and recover the control flows among the services by analyzing the order of service invocation events in the execution logs. We also identify structurally and functionally similar patterns to represent such patterns in a higher level of abstraction regardless of the actual services. A case study shows that our approach can effectively detect service composition patterns. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinematic Space Structure
Authors: Seidel Michael , Petrova Polina 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSeit Bauwerke errichtet werden, kommen auch wandelbare Dachtragwerke zum Einsatz, die durch Veränderung ihrer Strukturform eine Anpassung an wechselnde Witterungsverhältnisse sowie an unterschiedliche Nutzungswünsche ermöglichen.Solche Überdachungen, bei denen die kontrollierte Bewegung von Tragwerken oder Tragwerksteilen im Vordergrund steht, sind trotz ihrer polyvalenten Anwendungsmöglichkeiten eher prototypischen Sonderkonstruktionen zuzuordnen. Sie charakterisieren das Ergebnis vergleichsweise seltener Entwurfsaufgaben, die vor allem hinsichtlich der Tragwerkskonzeption hohe Ansprüche an den Planer zur Lösung der konstruktiven Entwurfsaufgabe stellen.Insbesondere für ArchitektInnen wirft der Entwurf einer veränderbaren Überdachung spezifische Fragestellungen nach dem geeigneten Verhältnis von der Strukturform zur gewünschten architektonischen Form auf. So sind die Reversibilität und Veränderung der Geometrie der tragenden Bauteile, die Krafteinleitung und Lastab‐ und ‐weiterleitung sowie die Steifigkeit und Formstabilität eng verknüpft mit den Anforderungen an die Nutzbarkeit, an die verwendeten Werkstoffe für Struktur und Haut und an die räumliche Wirkung.Entwurfsaufgaben mit solcherart komplexen Einflussgrößen verlangen nach einem disziplinenübergreifenden Entwurfsprozess, bei welchem sich der eigenständige Design‐ und Entwurfsbegriff in der Architektur möglichst frühzeitig an das Wissen der Fachingenieure annähert, um einen wechselseitigen Dialog zwischen Architekt und Fachplanern zu ermöglichen.Die Abteilung Hochbau 2 (Leitung Prof. Gerhard Steixner) vom Institut für Architektur und Entwerfen an der TU Wien bietet den Studierenden seit Jahren konstruktive Entwurfsthemen an, die auch mit Unterstützung von in der Praxis stehenden Fachplanern bearbeitet werden.Bei der im Wintersemester 2011 entstandenen Entwurfsübung ‘Kinematic Space Structure‘ waren von den Studierenden Lösungen für eine wandelbare bzw. mobile Überdachung für den Hof 1 des Hauptgebäudes der TU Wien zu entwickeln, um für die derzeitige Hofnutzung eine witterungsunabhängige, anpassungsfähige Umgebung zu schaffen und das Nutzungsspektrum zu erweitern.
Synthese und Eigenschaften von Triphenylzinnmolybdaten mit kettenförmigen Anionen des Typs 1∞[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]–. Die Kristallstrukturen von (nPr4N)[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]·CH3CN, (nBu4N)[(Ph3Sn)MoO4], [Zn(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2]·2DMF·EtOH und [Cu(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2]·2DMF·EtOH
Authors: Rohde Dorothea , Kondracka Małgorzata , Merzweiler Kurt 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction of Ph3SnCl, (R4N)2[Mo6O19] and (R4N)OH in a molar ratio of 6:1:10 leads to the formation of (R4N)[(Ph3Sn)MoO4] (R = nPr (1), nBu (2)). Compounds 1·CH3CN and 2 have been charactarized by IR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. 1·CH3CN forms orthorhombic crystals, space group P212121 with a = 1339.9(2), b = 1508.9(2), c = 1733.2(3) pm. 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 with a = 1342.6(2), b = 2280.3(4), c = 1344.0(2) pm, β = 118.34(1). Both compounds 1 and 2 consist of isolated R4N+ cations and polymeric $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]– chains with an alternating arrangement of Ph3Sn+ and MoO42– groups. Treatment of (Ph3Sn)2MoO4 with bis(ethylenediamine)copper(II) succinate yields [Cu(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2] (3). The zinc derivative [Zn(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2] (4) is obtained similarly by reaction of (Ph3Sn)2MoO4 with bis(ethylenediamine)zinc(II) formiate. Compounds 3·2DMF·EtOH and 4·2DMF·EtOH crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 1998.0(2), b = 1313.3(1), c = 2181.6(2) pm, β = 90.97(1)° for 3 and a = 2015.4(1), b = 1316.7(1), c = 2157.0(1) pm, β = 90.40(1)° for 4. Like in the cases of 1 and 2, polymeric $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]– chains are observed. The [M(en)2]2+ units (M = Cu, Zn) act as linkers between the $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]– chains to give 2D layer structures with (6, 3) net topology.
Partial domain wall partition functions
Authors: Foda O. , Wheeler M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe consider six-vertex model configurations on an (n × N) lattice,n ≤ N, that satisfy a variation on domain wall boundary conditions that we define and callpartial domain wall boundary conditions. We obtain two expressions for the correspondingpartial domain wall partition function, as an (N × N)-determinant and as an (n × n)-determinant. The latter was first obtained by I Kostov. We show that the two determinants are equal, as expected from the fact that they are partition functions of the same object, that each is a discrete KPτ-function, and, recalling that these determinants represent tree-level structure constants in$ \mathcal{N} = 4\;{\text{SYM}} $, we show that introducing 1-loop corrections, as proposed by N Gromov and P Vieira, preserves the determinant structure.
Role of Intraoperative Cholangiography in Patients Whose Biliary Tree Was Evaluated Preoperatively by Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Ueno Kimihiko , Ajiki Tetsuo , Sawa Hidehiro , Matsumoto Ippei , Fukumoto Takumi , Ku Yonson 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundRoutine performance of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during cholecystectomy is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of IOC during cholecystectomy in addition to preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in our institution over a 12‐year period.MethodsA total of 425 consecutive patients who underwent IOC during cholecystectomy were included in this study. MRCP was performed preoperatively for bile duct evaluation in all patients. When common bile duct (CBD) stones were detected, they were removed endoscopically before the operation. We estimated the results of IOC in terms of the success rate, the detection rate of anatomic abnormality of the biliary system, and the incidence of residual CBD stones.ResultsMRCP preoperatively identified 6 (1.4 %) patients with abnormal biliary systems and 56 with CBD stones, which were endoscopically removed. The success rate of IOC was 93.8 % (399/425). Abnormalities of the biliary system were detected in 12 patients (12/399, 3.0 %) and CBD stones in 8 (8/399, 2.0 %). Of the eight patients with stones, seven had been examined by endoscopy preoperatively and found to have CBD stones. The detection rate of bile duct stones in patients with preoperative endoscopic removal of CBD stones (7/56, 12.5 %) was significantly higher than those with CBD stones first detected during IOC (1/365, 0.3 %) (p < 0.01). Moreover, no residual CBD stones were detected in patients who were operated on within fewer than 12 days from endoscopic treatment to the operation.ConclusionsIOC is indicated even after preoperative sphincterotomy for CBD stones. In our study, it resulted in a 12.5 % incidence of persistent stones after sphincterotomy. IOC plays an additional role in detecting CBD stones and in revealing abnormalities of the biliary tree in patients whose biliary tree was preoperatively evaluated by MRCP.
Designing a Contextually Appropriate Surgical Training Program in Low‐resource Settings: The Botswana Experience
Authors: Mutabdzic Dorotea , Bedada Alemayehu G. , Bakanisi Balisi , Motsumi Joseph , Azzie Georges 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe global burden of surgical disease and severe shortage of trained surgeons around the world are now widely recognized. The greatest challenge in improving access to surgical care lies in sub‐Saharan Africa, where the number of surgeons per population is lowest. One part of the solution may be to create programs to train surgeons locally. We present our experience with an approach to designing a contextually appropriate surgical curriculum in Botswana.MethodsSurgical logbooks from the largest tertiary care center in Botswana, dating from 2004 through 2010, were analyzed to yield total case numbers within clearly defined categories. Case numbers and local surgical opinion were combined to design a contextually relevant curriculum, with the Surgical Council on Resident Education curriculum as a template.ResultsLogbook analysis revealed that general surgeons in Botswana manage burns and perform a large number of skin grafts and extremity amputations. However, they perform few colonoscopies and complex laparoscopic procedures. The new curriculum included greater emphasis on surgical subspecialty procedures and surgical management of locally relevant conditions, such as the complications of infectious diseases. Less emphasis was placed on management of uncommon conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.ConclusionsThere are important differences in the scope of general surgery and the knowledge and skills required by general surgeons in Botswana compared with their North American counterparts. We present a simple and inexpensive approach that could serve as a potential model for designing contextually relevant surgical training programs in other low‐resource settings.
An Examination of Wilderness First Aid Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Skill Retention
Authors: Schumann Scott A. , Schimelpfenig Tod , Sibthorp Jim , Collins Rachel H. 
Published: July 2012

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the retention of wilderness first aid (WFA) knowledge, self-efficacy beliefs, and skills over time in a sample of WFA course participants. Methods Seventy-two open enrollment (volunteer) WFA course participants were assessed at 4 months, 8 months, or 12 months after training. Changes in WFA knowledge and self-efficacy were assessed by written instruments after the course and at the follow-up interval (4, 8, or 12 months). The WFA skills were assessed by a scored medical scenario at the follow-up interval. Results As the time interval increased, WFA knowledge, self-efficacy, and skill proficiency decreased. The WFA knowledge and self-efficacy beliefs were not highly correlated with skill performance. Conclusions Without additional training, regular use of the course content, or efforts to refresh thinking on key topics, the ability of WFA students to effectively apply their learning will likely decrease as time from training increases. With respect to these WFA courses, student scores on written tests did not accurately reflect competence in performing practical skills related to a medical scenario. In addition, student self-confidence in the ability to perform such skills did not strongly correlate with actual skills and ability.
Public Finance, Special Interests, and Direct Wine Shipping Laws in the United States
Authors: Gokcekus Omer , Nottebaum Dennis 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study develops thirteen criteria to detail diverging direct shipping laws of the U.S. states. It also investigates why some states have prohibitive laws by utilizing a logit regression model. Regression results provide strong support for public finance and special interest arguments: It appears that states concerned about incurring losses in tax revenues, that is, that are heavily dependent on federal aid and have low state revenues, and protecting the wholesalers and retailers that benefit from the three-tier system (at the expense of wineries and wine drinkers) are most likely to have a prohibitive law. (JEL Classification: D72, H71, Q18)
Seller Reputation: Individual, Collective, and Institutional Factors
Authors: Castriota Stefano , Delmastro Marco 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we study firm reputation by investigating the interaction between individual reputations of Italian wineries and a large set of (possible) determinants. With respect to winery reputation, we find a positive effect for firm age and size and producer's intrinsic motivations and a negative effect for outsourcing, while horizontal differentiation, ownership status, and hiring well-known consultants play no role. Further, collective reputation and institutional regulation exert a significantly positive effect on individual reputation. (JEL Classification: L14, L15)
Rumen fermentation and microbial population in lactating dairy cows receiving diets containing oilseeds rich in C-18 fatty acids
Authors: Ivan M. , Petit H. V. , Chiquette J. , Wright A.-D. G. 
Published: July 2012

Sixteen Holstein rumen-cannulated primiparous milking dairy cows were fed a control diet (CN) based on maize silage and soyabean meal during a 4-week period before the start of a 21-d experiment with oilseeds containing high concentration of linoleic acid (Linola™) or linolenic acid (NuLin™). Thereafter, four cows receivedad libitumone of each of four dietary treatments comprising of CN, Linola (LN), NuLin (NL) and LN/NL (50/50 % combination). Each LN, NL and LN/NL treatment contained 6 % oil of DM. Rumen digesta samples were collected on days 6, 11, 16 and 21 and milk samples on days 13, 15 and 17. There were no effects (P>0·05) of the oilseeds on pH and concentrations of NH3-N and total volatile fatty acids, while the acetate:propionate ratio was decreased (P< 0·05). The oilseeds also decreased (P< 0·05) protozoa and increased (P< 0·1) total cellulolytic bacteria in rumen fluid, especially when containing high dietary linoleic acid (P< 0·05). The milk protein concentration was increased (P< 0·1) by the dietary linoleic acid, which produced most beneficial results. It was concluded that supplements of linoleic acid in diets of ruminants might contribute to better digestion of dietary fibre and increased quality of milk.