bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of fish consumption on disability progression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Johansson Eva , Guo Jie , Wu Jing , Olsson Tomas , Alfredsson Lars , Hedström Anna Karin 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEmerging evidence indicates that diet, including fish consumption, may play a role in the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to investigate the influence of fish consumption on disability progression in MS.MethodsIncident cases from the population-based case-control study Epidemiological Investigation of MS (n=2719), with data on fish intake and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) outcomes, were categorised by fish consumption and followed up to 15 years post-diagnosis through the Swedish MS registry. A digital follow-up questionnaire in 2021 assessed changes in fish intake over time (n=1719). Cox regression models, adjusted for clinical and demographic variables, were used to evaluate 24-week confirmed disability worsening (CDW), and progression to EDSS 3 and EDSS 4.ResultsHigher total consumption of lean and oily fish at diagnosis was associated with a reduced risk of CDW (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.86), EDSS 3 (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.79) and EDSS 4 (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.96) compared with low consumption. These associations showed significant trends and remained consistent after further adjustment for various lifestyle factors. The protective effects were more pronounced among patients who maintained consistent fish consumption during the follow-up period.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that higher fish consumption is associated with more favourable MS disability progression, supporting diet as a potentially modifiable factor. Replication and validation are needed before transfer to practice.
Mortality patterns of SLE and the associated risk factors in Korean patients: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Cho Soo-Kyung , Jeon Yena , Kim Jung-hyo , Jang Eun Jin , Jung Sun-Young , Sung Yoon-Kyoung 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTo evaluate the mortality patterns of SLE and the associated risk factors in Koreans.MethodsUsing the National Health Insurance database spanning 2008 to 2018, incident cases of SLE in patients aged 10–79 years were included. We analysed the all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality, stratifying by sex and age. The mortality rate (MR) was calculated as the number of deaths per 100 000 person-years (PYs). The causes of death were identified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes during hospitalisation or emergency visit prior to death. A generalised estimating equation model was employed for risk factor analysis.ResultsIn total, 11 375 incident SLE cases among patients with an average age of 42.3±16.7 years were recruited (86.1% female). During 57 658 PYs, 728 deaths occurred (MR 1262.62/100 000 PYs). The MR among men (2718.86/100 000 PYs) exceeded that among women (1060.57/100 000 PYs). The leading causes of death were SLE-related conditions (381.56/100 000 PYs), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (202.92/100 000 PYs), cancer (175.17/100 000 PYs) and infection (143.95/100 000 PYs). Of the SLE-related mortality, the key risk factors were pulmonary complications, such as pulmonary alveolar haemorrhage (OR 9.93), pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR 3.77) and interstitial lung disease (OR 3.27).ConclusionsAmong Korean patients with SLE, SLE-related conditions were the leading causes of mortality. However, CVD and cancer were also identified as the main causes of mortality. Furthermore, pulmonary manifestations were significantly associated with SLE-related mortality.
Factors associated with poor pain experience after surgery
Authors: Maurice-Szamburski Axel , Rozier Romain , Gridel Victor , Radev Vladimir , Badia Emmanuelle , Loundou Anderson , Auquier Pascal , Capdevila Xavier 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with poor postoperative pain experience by examining patient-related and procedural variables.MethodsAn exploratory secondary analysis was conducted on data from 971 adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia across five French teaching hospitals. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Pain, sleep quality and well-being were measured preoperatively and postoperatively using visual analog scales (VAS). The primary endpoint was the patient experience measured by the Evaluation du Vécu de l'Anesthésie Generale (EVAN-G) questionnaire on postoperative day 1, with poor pain experience defined as a score below the 25th percentile on the EVAN-G pain dimension. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with poor pain experience.ResultsPoor pain experience was reported by 271 patients (27.9%). Multivariate analysis identified intraoperative use of remifentanil and sufentanil as an independent predictor of poor pain experience with an OR of 26.96 (95% CI 2.17 to 334.23, p=0.01). Additionally, age (OR 0.97, p=0.003), absence of premedication (OR 0.49, p=0.035) and orthopedic surgery (OR 0.29, p=0.005) were associated with a lower likelihood of poor pain experience. Conversely, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 3 status (OR 5.09, p=0.028), postoperative anxiolytic use (OR 8.20, p<0.001), amnesia (OR 1.58, p=0.001), higher VAS pain (p<0.001) and lower well-being scores (p=0.007) on day 1 were predictors of poor pain experience.ConclusionThe intraoperative use of remifentanil and sufentanil is independently associated with poorer postoperative pain experience. These findings highlight the need to reassess intraoperative analgesic strategies to enhance patient outcomes and reduce postoperative complications.
Design of a High-Strength Separator for Lithium Metal Anode-Based Semi-Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Liu Meihua , Li Tianrun , Xiao Shixin , Li Guoqiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lithium metal anodes face challenges due to lithium dendrite growth and safety risks with liquid electrolytes. To address issues, this study proposes a functional coated separator designed to enhance the mechanical strength of the separator with higher puncture resistance to lithium dendrites and lower the liquid electrolyte-lithium metal anode contact. The separator consists of a polyethylene (PE) base film and two-side coating, alumina (Al2O3) and polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) on one side, with lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP) and then with polyethylene oxide (PEO) on the other. The separator has exhibited a remarkable performance featuring high puncture strength (480 gf) and excellent electrochemical stability (electrochemical window 5.03 V). It is observed that lithium symmetric cells in semi-solid batteries with this separator stay stable in operation for over 1000 hours (0.2 mA cm-2). LiFePO4||Li cells assembled under lean electrolyte conditions (15 μL mAh-1) deliver discharge specific capacities of 161.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and a capacity retention rate of 87.9% after 120 cycles at 0.5 C. In general, this provides a promising prospect for further application of functionalized coated separators in semi-solid-state lithium batteries with lithium metal anodes.
Three-Dimensional Cross-Linked Carboxymethyl Chitosan Binder for Si/C Anodes: Enhancing Cycling Stability and Performance in High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Junchao , Jiang Jing , He Jianjiang , Cao Lan , Wang Qingfu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The silicon-carbon (Si/C) anode offers a significantly higher theoretical specific capacity compared to conventional graphite anodes, while also demonstrating reduced volume expansion and enhanced cycling stability compared to pure silicon anodes. Consequently, Si/C anodes have attracted considerable attention as promising candidates for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion battery anode materials. However, volume expansion remains a critical challenge, leading to the detachment of active materials from the current collector (copper foil) and adversely affecting cycling performance. In this study, we introduce diglycidyl ether (EG) as a cross-linking agent to synthesize a novel three-dimensional cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan (CCS-EG) binder for Si/C600 anodes (theoretical specific capacity of 600 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C). Electrochemical testing reveals that the CCS-EG binder significantly improves the cycling stability of the Si/C anode, achieving a capacity retention rate of 88.68% after 400 cycles at a current density of 0.5 C, compared to only 67.71% for the anode using the linear carboxymethyl chitosan binder. Furthermore, CCS-EG offers advantages such as low cost, ease of preparation, and environmental sustainability, making it a promising candidate for commercialization as a binder in next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries.
A Modified Sand’s Time Incorporating Li-Ion Transport Across the SEI: Basis for Understanding Li Dendrite Formation and Li-Metal Battery Electrolyte Selection
Authors: Ma Yuanman , Selvasundarasekar Sam Sankar , Sinclair Nicholas S , Zhang Yubin , Xu Shaomao , Bracey Jennifer , Akolkar Rohan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the initiation of lithium dendrites remains elusive, largely due to the intricate role of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) which forms on the Li surface during electrodeposition. Many studies have utilized the classical Sand’s equation to estimate the onset time when lithium dendrites begin to form. The Sand’s equation provides the time when the cation (Li+) concentration at the electrode-electrolyte interface approaches zero under diffusion-limited conditions in galvanostatic Li electrodeposition. However, recent experimental studies have revealed that the observed lithium dendrite onset time deviates considerably from the Sand’s time. Here, we show that this deviation from classical theory is likely due to the transport of Li+ ions through the SEI - a transport limitation that is much more dominant in controlling dendrite formation. We develop a ‘modified’ Sand's equation, incorporating the SEI layer and the diffusional transport across it to predict Li dendrite onset times. To validate this approach, we conducted Li electrodeposition experiments at various current densities using two distinct organic electrolytes. Analysis of the results demonstrates that the modified Sand's equation provides a more accurate prediction of dendrite onset times, highlighting the importance of incorporating SEI into transport models of Li plating in next-generation rechargeable Li-metal batteries.
Successful Use of Difelikefalin in Severe Chronic Kidney Disease–Associated Pruritus in a Patient With Complex Etiological Contributors: A Case Report
Authors: Werzowa Johannes M. , Hemetsberger Margit 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease–associated pruritus (CKD‐aP) is a frequently experienced, unpleasant skin condition. Difelikefalin, an agonist of the kappa opioid receptor, is indicated for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe CKD‐aP in adult patients on hemodialysis. Reports of the effectiveness of difelikefalin in complex patient cases encountered in routine clinical practice are rare.Case Presentation: The presented patient had a complex interplay of morbidities, most notably diabetes mellitus type 2, tertiary hyperparathyroidism, end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), and CKD‐associated mineral bone disease (CKD‐MBD), all of which are associated with the development and severity of CKD‐aP. The patient’s CKD‐aP was resistant to H1‐receptor antagonists and gabapentin and showed no improvement after parathyroidectomy. Treatment with difelikefalin rapidly and sustainably improved symptoms, with a brief recurrence of itching toward the end of each long interdialytic interval. Apart from a short episode of vertigo at the initiation of treatment, no adverse events were observed over the long duration of treatment (currently more than 2.5 years).Conclusion: In a patient with longstanding conditions and multiple comorbidities, difelikefalin showed sustained effectiveness against H1‐receptor antagonist– and gabapentin–resistant CKD‐aP. Difelikefalin was well tolerated over the long term.
Low‐Speed Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Membrane in Conjunction With Demineralized Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA) Compared to Collagen Membrane With DFDBA in Noncontained Intraosseous Defects of Stage III Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Almoliky Najeeb , Hosny Manal , Elbattawy Weam , Fawzy El-Sayed Karim 
Published: February 2025

Aim: Noncontained (1‐ or combined 1‐ to 2‐wall) periodontal intraosseous defects represent challenging clinical situations with unpredictable surgical therapeutic outcomes. This randomized clinical trial assessed demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA) with low speed‐platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) membrane compared to DFDBA with collagen membrane (CM) in the surgical periodontal therapy of noncontained intraosseous defects of stage III periodontitis patients.Methodology: Twenty‐two stage III periodontitis patients with noncontained intraosseous defects measuring ≥3 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm were randomly allocated into two groups: test group (low‐speed PRF membrane + DFDBA) and control group (CM + DFDBA), with 11 participants per group. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for clinical attachment level (CAL; primary outcome), gingival recession depth (GRD), probing depth (PD), full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) and full mouth plaque score (FMPS), radiographic bone fill and radiographic linear defect depth (RLDD; all secondary outcomes).Results: The mean (±SD) CAL‐gain for the test group was 2.45 (±1.51), 2.91 (±1.70), 2.91 (±1.87), and 2.82 (±1.83) mm, while for the control group 2.82 (±1.25), 3.27 (±1.27), 3.00 (±1.41), and 2.64 (±1.50) mm at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively, with no significant intergroup differences (p > 0.05). Despite the absence of significant intergroup differences, both groups demonstrated significant intragroup improvement in CAL‐ and PD‐gain, and RLDD‐reduction at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months as well as RLDD improvement at 12 months (p < 0.05).Conclusion: PRF membranes, in conjunction with DFDBA, show significant improvement of periodontal clinical and radiographic parameters, comparable to CMs with DFDBA.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03922503
Preliminary Evidence on Safety and Clinical Efficacy of Luteolin for Patients With Prostate Cancer Under Active Surveillance
Authors: Naiki Taku , Naiki-Ito Aya , Murakami Akihiro , Kato Hiroyuki , Sugiyama Yosuke , Kawai Tatsuya , Kato Shinji , Etani Toshiki , Nagai Takashi , Shimizu Nobuhiko , Morikawa Toshiharu , Aoki Maria , Gonda Masakazu , Kuang Xiaochen , Nagayasu Yuko , Hamamoto Shuzo , Yasui Takahiro , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: February 2025

Background: A need exists for effective treatments for prostate cancer (PCA) due its re‐emergence following androgen deprivation therapy, a major clinical problem. In a previous study, we presented evidence on the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of luteolin, a flavonoid, in PCA including castration‐resistant PCA. In this single‐arm phase I study, we clinically examined the safety of the oral intake of luteolin in patients under active surveillance (AS).Methods: Between March and September in 2022, five patients with low–intermediate risk PCA and under AS were treated daily with 50 mg of oral luteolin for six months. We investigated the efficacy of oral luteolin in oncological outcomes and any adverse events (AEs) and examined prostate and blood specimens.Results: The median age of patients was 68 years (range: 60–78), and the median initial prostate‐specific antigen level was 9.5 ng/mL. All patients were under AS without rapid progression. After treatment with luteolin, AEs were not noted in any patients for six months. All patients underwent a protocol biopsy. Of these, two patients showed a favorable response, one patient had stable disease, and two patients showed disease progression; robot‐assisted radical surgery was subsequently performed for the latter. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed decreased expression of androgen receptor and NKX3.1 in noncancerous lesions after luteolin treatment. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR revealed that serum micro(mi)RNA expression in serum and prostate gland, including miR‐29 and miR‐30, tended to be upregulated after luteolin treatment compared with during the pretreatment phase.Conclusions: Our small phase I study of men with PCA suggests that daily treatment with 50 mg of an oral supplement of luteolin is safe and effective with regard to oncological outcomes, particularly in patients under AS.
Multimorbidity Is Associated With Symptom Severity and Disease Progression in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation—Data From the RACE V Study
Authors: van Deutekom Colinda , van de Lande Martijn E. , Rama Rajiv , Nguyen Bao‐Oanh , Tieleman Robert G. , Weberndörfer Vanessa , Hemels Martin E. W. , de Melis Mirko , Schotten Ulrich , Linz Dominik , Crijns Harry J. G. M. , van Gelder Isabelle C. , Rienstra Michiel ,   for the RACE V Investigators
Published: February 2025

Background
Multimorbidity is common among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and is associated with worse outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity, AF progression and AF symptom severity in patients with paroxysmal AF.

Methods and Results

The RACE V (Reappraisal of AF: Interaction Between Hypercoagulability, Electrical Remodeling, and Vascular Destabilization in the Progression of AF) study included patients with paroxysmal AF and continuous rhythm monitoring. Multimorbidity was defined as ≥2 comorbidities (heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, kidney dysfunction, moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation, or obesity). AF symptom severity was assessed via the University of Toronto AF Severity Scale questionnaire. The associations between multimorbidity, AF progression, and AF symptom severity were determined using logistic regression analyses. Median age was 65 (58–71) years and 179 of 417 patients (43%) were women, with a median of 1 (1–2) comorbidities. Median follow‐up was 2.2 (1.6–2.8) years. Multimorbidity was associated with AF progression (odds ratio [OR], 2.02 [95% CI, 1.10–3.72],
P
=0.024) and increased AF symptom severity (OR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.79–3.99],
P
<0.001). There was a positive dose–response relation between the number of comorbidities and AF progression (OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.09–1.79],
P
=0.008), as well as AF symptom severity (OR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.35–1.99],
P
<0.001). These results remained significant after adjusting for age.

Conclusions
In patients with paroxysmal AF, multimorbidity was associated with AF progression and AF symptom severity. The risk of AF progression and AF symptom severity increased with every additional comorbidity.

Registration

URL:
clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT02726698.
Plasma Proteomic Assessment of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease in Older Adults
Authors: Bortnick Anna E. , Austin Thomas R. , Hamerton Emily , Gudmundsdottir Valborg , Emilsson Valur , Jennings Lori L. , Gudnason Vilmundur , Owens David S. , Massera Daniele , Dufresne Line , Yang Ta‐Yu , Engert James C. , Thanassoulis George , Tracy Russell P. , Gerszten Robert E. , Psaty Bruce M. , Kizer Jorge R. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), and ensuing severe aortic stenosis (AS), is the foremost valvular disorder of aging, yet preventive therapies are lacking. A better understanding of the molecular underpinnings of aortic valve calcification (AVC) is necessary to develop pharmacologic interventions.

Methods and Results

We undertook large‐scale plasma proteomics in a cohort study of adults ≥65 years old, the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), to identify individual proteins associated with echocardiographic AVC and incident moderate/severe AS. Proteomics measurements were performed with the aptamer‐based SomaLogic platform of ~5000 proteins. Significant proteins were validated in a second cohort, the AGES‐RS (Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility‐Reykjavik Study), which assessed AVC and AS by computed tomography. The potential causal associations of replicated proteins were tested in 2‐sample Mendelian randomization using identified cis protein quantitative trait loci in consortia having computed tomography‐quantified AVC or AS as outcomes. Six proteins showed Bonferroni‐corrected significant relationships with AVC in CHS. Three of these, CXCL‐12 (C‐X‐C chemokine ligand 12), KLKB1 (kallikrein), and leptin, replicated in AGES‐RS, of which the former 2 are novel. Only 1 protein, CXCL6, which showed a near‐significant association with AS in the replication cohort, was significantly (positively) associated with incident AS. Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted for KLKB1, CXCL12, and CXCL6, which supported a causal relationship for higher KLKB1 with lower AVC (beta=−0.25,
P
=0.009).

Conclusions
This study of older adults newly identified and largely replicated associations of 3 circulating proteins with calcific aortic valve disease, of which the relationship of plasma KLKB1 may have a causal basis. Additional investigation is necessary to determine if KLKB1 could be harnessed for calcific aortic valve disease therapeutics.