bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second-site suppressors of HIV-1 capsid mutations: restoration of intracellular activities without correction of intrinsic capsid stability defects
Authors: Yang Ruifeng , Shi Jiong , Byeon In-Ja L , Ahn Jinwoo , Sheehan Jonathan H , Meiler Jens , Gronenborn Angela M , Aiken Christopher 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Background
Disassembly of the viral capsid following penetration into the cytoplasm, or uncoating, is a poorly understood stage of retrovirus infection. Based on previous studies of HIV-1 CA mutants exhibiting altered capsid stability, we concluded that formation of a capsid of optimal intrinsic stability is crucial for HIV-1 infection.

Results
To further examine the connection between HIV-1 capsid stability and infectivity, we isolated second-site suppressors of HIV-1 mutants exhibiting unstable (P38A) or hyperstable (E45A) capsids. We identified the respective suppressor mutations, T216I and R132T, which restored virus replication in a human T cell line and markedly enhanced the fitness of the original mutants as revealed in single-cycle infection assays. Analysis of the corresponding purified N-terminal domain CA proteins by NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that the E45A and R132T mutations induced structural changes that are localized to the regions of the mutations, while the P38A mutation resulted in changes extending to neighboring regions in space. Unexpectedly, neither suppressor mutation corrected the intrinsic viral capsid stability defect associated with the respective original mutation. Nonetheless, the R132T mutation rescued the selective infectivity impairment exhibited by the E45A mutant in aphidicolin-arrested cells, and the double mutant regained sensitivity to the small molecule inhibitor PF74. The T216I mutation rescued the impaired ability of the P38A mutant virus to abrogate restriction by TRIMCyp and TRIM5α.

Conclusions
The second-site suppressor mutations in CA that we have identified rescue virus infection without correcting the intrinsic capsid stability defects associated with the P38A and E45A mutations. The suppressors also restored wild type virus function in several cell-based assays. We propose that while proper HIV-1 uncoating in target cells is dependent on the intrinsic stability of the viral capsid, the effects of stability-altering mutations can be mitigated by additional mutations that affect interactions with host factors in target cells or the consequences of these interactions. The ability of mutations at other CA surfaces to compensate for effects at the NTD-NTD interface further indicates that uncoating in target cells is controlled by multiple intersubunit interfaces in the viral capsid.
Treatment of 28 patients with sclerosing hemangioma (SH) of the lung
Authors: Lei Yang , Yong Duan , Jun-Zhong Ruan , Zhi Yang , Zi-Tong Wang 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Background
Sclerosing hemangioma (SH) of the lung is a kind of rare pulmonary tumor. Preoperative diagnosis of this tumor is difficult and it is now generally accepted that SH of the lung is benign lesions and surgical excision alone is curative. Herein, we present our experiences of treating 28 patients with SH.

Methods
The medical records of 28 patients with SH from 1994 to 2010 at the Department of Thoracic Surgery in Beijing Chest Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Results
There were 3 male and 25 female patients with sclerosing hemangioma and 50% of the patients were asymptomatic. Preoperatively, all the patients had undergone CT of chest and 5 patients had undergone PET scan but 4 patients were misdiagnosed as malignancy. There was no operative mortality or tumor recurrence despite that three different operative methods were undertaken.

Conclusions
SH has a high incidence in middle-aged women. Most of SH is asymptomatic and the symptoms of SH are not related to the tumor size and distribution. The features of chest CT and PET are not specific. Bilateral or multiple lesions should not exclude the possibility of SH. Complete excision of lesion is a curable treatment method and there is no evidence to verify the need of adjuvant therapy.
Prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in Beichuan County, Sichuan, China and phylogenetic evidence for an undescribed Leishmania sp. in China based on 7SL RNA
Authors: Sun Ke , Guan Wang , Zhang Jian-Guo , Wang Ya-Jing , Tian Yu , Liao Lin , Yang Bin-Bin , Chen Da-Li , Chen Jian-Ping 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Background
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease, which is still endemic in the west and northwest area of China. Canines are the major reservoirs of Leishmania, the etiological agent of human visceral leishmaniasis. Phlebotomus chinensis is the main transmission vector of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL).

Methods
In this study, rK39 dip-stick, ELISA and PCR methods were used to investigate the prevalence of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in Beichuan County, Sichuan Province, China.

Results
Among the 86 dogs which were included in the study, 13 dogs were positive using the dip-stick test (15.12%), while 8 dogs were positive using ELISA (9.30%) and 19 dogs were positive for PCR (22.03%). In total, 32 dogs were positive for one or more tests (37.21%). Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis based on the partial 7SL RNA fragment provided evidence that an undescribed Leishmania species, which is clearly a causative agent of CanL and human visceral leishmaniasis, does exist in China. This result is consistent with our previous study.

Conclusions
Our work confirmed that canine leishmaniasis is still prevalent in Beichuan County. Further control is urgently needed, as canine leishmaniasis is of great public health importance. The phylogenetic analysis based on 7SL RNA segment provides evidence for the existence of an undescribed Leishmania sp. in China.
Heart Activity and Autistic Behavior in Infants and Toddlers With Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Roberts Jane E. , Tonnsen Bridgette , Robinson Ashley , Shinkareva Svetlana V. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe present study contrasted physiological arousal in infants and toddlers with fragile X syndrome to typically developing control participants and examined physiological predictors early in development to autism severity later in development in fragile X syndrome. Thirty-one males with fragile X syndrome (ages 8–40 months) and 25 age-matched control participants were included. The group with fragile X syndrome showed shorter interbeat intervals (IBIs), lower vagal tone (VT), and less modulation of IBI. Data suggested a nonlinear effect with IBI and autistic behavior; however, a linear effect with VT and autistic behavior emerged. These findings suggest that atypical physiological arousal emerges within the first year and predicts severity of autistic behavior in fragile X syndrome. These relationships are complex and dynamic, likely reflecting endogenous factors assumed to reflect atypical brain function secondary to reduced fragile X mental retardation protein. This research has important implications for the early identification and treatment of autistic behaviors in young children with fragile X syndrome.
Der „Bromberger Blutsonntag“ 1939
Authors: Krzoska Markus 
Published: April 2012

Vorspann
Kaum eine Darstellung des Zweiten Weltkriegs, die ihn unerwähnt ließe: den „Bromberger Blutsonntag“ vom 3./4. September 1939. Die brutale Ermordung von Volksdeutschen war für die deutschen Eindringlinge ein willkommener Vorwand für eine Besatzungspolitik der Unterdrückung, des Terrors und der Vernichtung, deren Opferzahl die der deutschen Minderheit schließlich weit übertraf. Die Instrumentalisierung des „Blutsonntags“ durch die NS-Propaganda hat eine genaue Klärung der Ereignisse jahrzehntelang erschwert – genau so die Frontstellung des Kalten Kriegs oder die tief eingefressenen Ressentiments auf beiden Seiten. Nun aber scheint eine zumindest teilweise Rekonstruktion der deutschen Opferzahl möglich.
Hepaticus encephalopathia és májátültetés
Authors: Fehérvári Imre , Nemes Balázs , Görög Dénes , Gerlei Zsuzsa , Kóbori László 
Published: April 2012

Absztrakt
A Magyarországon évente 6,5–7 ezer ember halálát okozó májzsugorodás egyik gyakori szövődménye a hepaticus encephalopathia. Kialakulásában jelenlegi ismereteink szerint a szérum-ammóniaszint növekedése játszik szerepet, azonban súlyosságát egy, a közelmúltban publikált vizsgálat alapján a parenchymás dekompenzáció részeként észlelhető szisztémás gyulladásos válasz jelentősen befolyásolja. A szerzők ennek kapcsán áttekintik és elemzik a jelenleg alkalmazott kezelési módokat, illetve klinikai vizsgálatban igazolt jelentőségüket. A bizonyítékon alapuló orvoslás alapján a jelenleg általánosan elfogadott és javasolt peroralis diszacharid-, neomycin- vagy metronidazol-kezelés esetén csak részlegesen lehetett klinikai hatékonyságot igazolni. A jelenleg egyedül I. szintű bizonyítékkal bíró rifaximin esetén az alkalmazást korlátozó tényező az igen jelentős kezelési költség. A témában 2011 októberéig megjelent publikációk feldolgozása kapcsán észlelték, hogy nincs egységes irányelv a hepaticus encephalopathia kezelésére, noha annak foka szignifikánsan meghatározza a májátültetésre váró betegek várható túlélését. A feldolgozott forrásanyag alapján a szerzők javaslatot tesznek igazoltan hatásos kezelési mód alkalmazására, illetve felvetik az egységes kezelési elv kialakításának szükségességét.
Cathodoluminescence characterization of Si-doped orientation patterned GaAs crystals
Authors: Hortelano V. , Martínez O. , Jiménez J. , Snure M. , Lynch C. , Bliss D. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTOrientation patterned (OP)-GaAs crystals are attractive materiasl for mid-infrared and terahertz lasers sources, using non linear optics frequency conversion from shorter wavelength sources. The optical propagation losses are critical to the fabrication of these sources; among the causes of optical losses the generation of defects and the incorporation of impurities must play a relevant role. The control of the incorporation of impurities and defects is, therefore, crucial to improve the performance of the OP-GaAs crystals as non linear optical materials. We present herein a cathodoluminescence (CL) analysis of OP-GaAS crystals intentionally doped with Si, in order to understand the incorporation paths of Si in the OP-GaAs crystals.
Integrating Biodiversity Management and Indigenous Biopiracy Protection to Promote Environmental Justice and Global Health
Authors: Mackey Tim K. , Liang Bryan A. 
Published: April 2012

Many potentially useful medicines arise from developing countries’ biodiverse environments and indigenous knowledge. However, global intellectual property rules have resulted in biopiracy, raising serious ethical concerns of environmental justice, exploitation, and health disparities in these populations. Furthermore, state-based approaches have not led to adequate biodiversity protection, management, or resource sharing, which affect access to lifesaving drugs.In response, country delegates adopted the Nagoya Protocol, which aims at promoting biodiversity management, combating biopiracy, and encouraging equitable benefits sharing with indigenous communities. However, the effectiveness of this framework in meeting these objectives remains in question.To address these challenges, we propose a policy building on the Nagoya Protocol that employs a World Health Organization–World Trade Organization Joint Committee on Bioprospecting and Biopiracy.
A Prospective Investigation of Physical Health Outcomes in Abused and Neglected Children: New Findings From a 30-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Widom Cathy Spatz , Czaja Sally J. , Bentley Tyrone , Johnson Mark S. 
Published: April 2012

Objectives. We investigated whether abused and neglected children are at risk for negative physical health outcomes in adulthood.Methods. Using a prospective cohort design, we matched children (aged 0–11 years) with documented cases of physical and sexual abuse and neglect from a US Midwestern county during 1967 through 1971 with nonmaltreated children. Both groups completed a medical status examination (measured health outcomes and blood tests) and interview during 2003 through 2005 (mean age = 41.2 years).Results. After adjusting for age, gender, and race, child maltreatment predicted above normal hemoglobin, lower albumin levels, poor peak airflow, and vision problems in adulthood. Physical abuse predicted malnutrition, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and hemoglobin A1C. Neglect predicted hemoglobin A1C, albumin, poor peak airflow, and oral health and vision problems, Sexual abuse predicted hepatitis C and oral health problems. Additional controls for childhood socioeconomic status, adult socioeconomic status, unhealthy behaviors, smoking, and mental health problems play varying roles in attenuating or intensifying these relationships.Conclusions. Child abuse and neglect affect long-term health status—increasing risk for diabetes, lung disease, malnutrition, and vision problems—and support the need for early health care prevention.
Gastroesophageal reflux and laryngeal dysfunction in a dog
Authors: Lux Cassie N. , Archer Todd M. , Lunsford Kari V. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Case Description—A 7-year-old neutered male Saint Bernard was evaluated because of a 6-month history of coughing, gagging, change in phonation, excessive panting, and chronic intermittent vomiting and diarrhea.
Clinical Findings—Physical examination revealed no remarkable findings other than panting. Total thyroxine concentration and results of a CBC, serum biochemistry analysis, urinalysis, and thoracic radiography were within reference limits. A laryngeal examination revealed edema, erythema, and ulceration of the larynx and pharynx, with normal laryngeal movement. Results of bronchoscopy and cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were diagnostic only for distal tracheitis. Esophagoscopy and an esophagography revealed esophagitis consistent with gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroduodenoscopy and histologic examination of biopsy specimens revealed Helicobacter colonization and lymphocytic or plasmacytic enteritis.
Treatment and Outcome—Following treatment for gastroesophageal reflux and suspected Helicobacter infection with combination antacid and antimicrobial treatment, the dog's respiratory signs resolved but vomiting continued. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed complete resolution of the previous laryngitis, pharyngitis, and esophagitis. Treatment for the lymphocytic or plasmacytic enteritis was initiated with prednisone (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h) and a novel protein diet. The previous treatment was also continued. Complete resolution of clinical signs was maintained 4 months after initiation of appropriate treatment.
Clinical Relevance—Laryngeal dysfunction induced by gastroesophageal reflux as occurred in the patient described in this report is a previously undocumented association in the veterinary literature. This association could be a potential consideration in dogs with concurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal signs. The present report may provide a basis for further studies investigating this association.
Moisture-dependent frictional and aerodynamic properties of safflower seeds
Authors: Kara M. , Bastaban S. , Öztürk I. , Kalkan F. , Yildiz C. 
Published: April 2012

Moisture-dependent frictional and aerodynamic properties of safflower seeds
The seeds of two safflower cultivars were investigated in order to determine their frictional and aerodynamic properties as a function of moisture content. The coefficients of dynamic friction of cultivars on aluminium, plywood, fibreglass and steel surfaces increased by 87, 56, 78, and 129% for cv. Remzibey-05 seed, and by 91, 31, 71, and 131% for cv. Dinçer seed, respectively, between the initial and final moisture content levels. The terminal velocities of the Remzibey-05 and Dinçer seeds increased by 15 and 11%, respectively, with increase in moisture content between the initial and final levels.
Fantasmes d'auto-engendrement
Authors: Maqueda Francis 
Published: April 2012

Résumé A l’adolescence, l’illusion groupale produit « une scène fraternelle » et des fantasmes d’auto-engendrement. Dans nos sociétés pluri-culturelles, certains groupes d’adolescents se défendent de l’intégration de la différence culturelle en attaquant l’altérité. Cela souligne un paradoxe de la fraternité qui si elle est réduite à la reproduction du même, provoque de l’exclusion et un risque anomique.
Etéocle et Polynice, frères ennemis
Authors: Granjon Evelyn 
Published: April 2012

Résumé L’histoire de la famille d’Œdipe est celle d’une lignée sinistre, celle des Labdacides. Dans cette famille, marquée par le « désir des Dieux », où malheurs et boiteries de l’âme se répètent de générations en générations, seule une lecture filiative est faite : la malédiction originelle tisse la trame invisible et continue de l’héritage, infiltre les liens d’alliance et infléchit le destin des héritiers. Mais la famille, au sens groupal, n’est jamais évoquée. Quel eut été le destin des enfants d’Œdipe si un travail dans l’intersubjectivité du groupe familial et dans les liens fraternels en particulier avait été possible ? Un travail de mythopoïèse aurait-il permis la reprise, sur une autre scène, celle du groupe, la transformation et l’élaboration de la « part maudite de l’héritage » ?
Jeux de fratrie, enjeux de famille
Authors: Joly Fabienne , Puthomme Serge 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le caractère particulier d’une demande de consultation a participé à la mise en place d’un dispositif associant psychodrame de fratrie et entretiens familiaux. À travers l’exposé de cette expérience clinique les auteurs s’interrogent sur les effets produits par ce cadre thérapeutique sur l’appareil psychique familial. La réflexion est orientée vers les modalités de « mise au jour et de mise en jeux » des difficultés d’individuation ainsi qu’en direction de la dimension transférentielle en soulignant ses effets sur le travail élaboratif.
Le désir « d'extimité » mis à nu
Authors: Tisseron Serge 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le désir d’intimité entre à tout moment en concurrence avec un autre qu’on peut appeler « d’extimité ». Il correspond au désir de montrer une partie de sa vie intime, autant physique que psychique, afin de mieux se l’approprier grâce aux échanges suscités avec les proches. Or si son existence n’est pas nouvelle, sa revendication, et surtout ses manifestations multiples bouleversent aujourd’hui le paysage social et familial.
Et si, à l'origine des mensonges, il y avait un mensonge sur les origines ?
Authors: Chouvier Bernard , Masuy Véronique 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Dans une histoire d’adoption douloureuse, l’utilisation répétitive de mensonges enfantins au cœur d’une clinique de l’intersubjectivité, amène à envisager la parole mensongère comme une attaque des liens familiaux, en réponse à ce qui peut être considéré comme un mensonge sur les origines. Cette attaque « de biais » garantit, en même temps qu’elle autorise un processus de subjectivation, un fonctionnement familial sous le primat du Moi Idéal.
Le cadeau de dieu
Authors: Weyland Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2012

Résumé L’auteur évoque le témoignage vécu, éminemment subjectif, de l’adoption d’un bébé de trois mois d’origine étrangère. Ce fut une expérience essoufflante d’amour mais aussi un parcours d’obstacles. Car, avant l’arrivée du petit garçon, il y a le cauchemar des fécondations in vitro, puis les démarches administratives pour obtenir le droit-d’élever-des-enfants-même-si-on-n’y-arrive-pas-tout-seul. L’entourage est parfois surprenant, dispensant rumeurs et bons conseils. Mais tout est balayé quand le bébé arrive enfin dans les bras. À la seconde même, une famille prend chair irrémédiablement. Théo (de Théodore, le cadeau de dieu) occupe beaucoup de place, sans doute pour qu’on ne le laisse pas tomber une deuxième fois ! Vision paternelle de cette séquence de vie et d’amour.
Psychanalyse du lien familial
Authors: Joubert Christiane 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Au sein du fonctionnement familial, les liens narcissiques et libidinaux s’entrecroisent sans cesse. Lorsque les liens narcissiques envahissent la scène au détriment des liens libidinaux, un fonctionnement régressif familial s’installe. On parle de positions narcissiques familiales : soit en fusion-rupture, soit sur des modes pervers narcissiques (idéalisation, dénigrement, confusion des générations, etc.). Nous faisons l’hypothèse que les deuils non faits dans les lignées entraînent une prévalence des liens narcissiques dans la famille et un fonctionnement dans l’indifférenciation.
Fantômes agglutinés en clinique familiale
Authors: Konicheckis Alberto 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Comment déterminer la démarche thérapeutique à adopter en adéquation avec la pathologie de l’enfant, du couple parental ou de la famille ? Les consultations familiales avec Théo, enfant d’un peu moins de deux ans et des membres de sa famille, où des naissances ont succédé à des décès, montrent l’importance d’un noyau familial agglutiné, formé par la condensation d’éléments hétéroclites et plurigénérationnels, et hors duquel les membres de la famille ont l’impression de ne pas pouvoir exister. Le passé prend le dessus sur le présent et la différence entre les générations ne peut pas s’établir. Tout comme le miroir de Dionysos, les consultations familiales rassemblent les fragments dispersés de la famille afin de créer une représentation qui permet ensuite aux individualités de se développer. C’est ainsi qu’une psychothérapie spécifique pour Théo put être envisagée dans un deuxième temps.
À propos du père dans la parentalité lesbienne
Authors: Ducousso-Lacaze Alain 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le présent travail propose une réflexion sur les familles dites homoparentales à partir d’entretiens de recherche clinique réalisés auprès de couples de femmes lesbiennes ayant eu un enfant par insémination artificielle avec donneur (IAD). Nous tentons plus particulièrement de dégager ce qu’il en est de la fonction paternelle dans ce genre de configuration familiale. Au point où nous en sommes de nos recherches, les entretiens nous permettent de repérer quatre figures du père : le père qui autorise, le père en tant que modèle identificatoire, le généreux donneur, le père qui dérange.
Banlieues et périphéries. Des singularités françaises aux réalités mondiales
Authors: Vettraino Jean 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Hervé Vieillard-Baron, Banlieues et périphéries. Des singularités françaises aux réalités mondiales , Hachette, 2011 [2001], 304 p., 17,90 €
C*–algebras Nearly Contained in Type I Algebras
Authors: Christensen Erik , Sinclair Allan M. , Smith Roger R. , White Stuart 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this paper we consider near inclusions of C*-algebras. We show that if B is a separable type I C*-algebra and A satisfies Kadison's similarity problem, then A is also type I. We then use this to obtain an embedding of A into B.
On Flag Curvature of Homogeneous Randers Spaces
Authors: Deng Shaoqiang , Hu Zhiguang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this paper we give an explicit formula for the flag curvature of homogeneous Randers spaces of Douglas type and apply this formula to obtain some interesting results. We first deduce an explicit formula for the flag curvature of an arbitrary left invariant Randersmetric on a two-step nilpotent Lie group. Then we obtain a classification of negatively curved homogeneous Randers spaces of Douglas type. This results, in particular, in many examples of homogeneous non-Riemannian Finsler spaces with negative flag curvature. Finally, we prove a rigidity result that a homogeneous Randers space of Berwald type whose flag curvature is everywhere nonzero must be Riemannian.
Normality of Maximal Orbit Closures for Euclidean Quivers
Authors: Bobiński Grzegorz 
Published: April 2012

Abstract Let Δ be a Euclidean quiver. We prove that the closures of the maximal orbits in the varieties of representations of Δ are normal and Cohen–Macaulay (even complete intersections). Moreover, we give a generalization of this result for the tame concealed-canonical algebras.