bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competency-Based Virtual Clinical Practicum in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Netsch Debra , Rolstad Bonnie Sue , Ermer-Seltun JoAnn , Bruch Sue 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of the quality improvement (QI) project was to provide a learner and faculty preceptor high quality virtual clinical practicum (VCP) for Wound, Ostomy, Continence (WOC) Nurse learners during the COVID-19 pandemic and disseminate findings.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:
Project participants were registered nurses post-bachelor’s degree or higher with a minimum of 1-year clinical experience who had completed and passed the didactic portion of a Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing Education Program (WOCNEP). Learners completing the WOCNEP’s VCP and the faculty preceptors were the subjects for this QI report. The setting was a virtual platform allowing live time visibility and interactions between learners and faculty preceptors including the ability to share documents and procedural videos. An initial group of 62 learners were asked open-ended questions after completion of the VCP; the most frequently recurring themes were converted into 5-point Likert scale questions as the evaluation tool completed by an additional 234 learners. In total, 296 learners completing the VCP evaluated this novel 100% simulation virtual practicum.

APPROACH:
This QI project evaluated a 100% simulation-based practicum at a WOCENP based in the United States. A competency based VCP used the Competency Outcomes and Performance Assessment (COPA) model. Learners were taught competencies via a preparatory virtual lab and then had to prepare documents and videos or pictures with step-by-step instructions prior to attending a Live Competency Assessment Lab with faculty preceptors and a small group of peer learners.

OUTCOMES:
Appraisal of the VCP was based on course evaluations anonymously completed by each of the 296 learners. Faculty preceptors were queried regarding their VCP evaluation and certification exam pass rates were tallied. Findings indicate positive outcomes of the VCP competency-based practicum from student and faculty preceptor perspectives along with higher certification pass rates; specifically, wound care pass rates increased by 16%, ostomy care increased by 18% and continence care pass rates increased by 13%.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
Our reported experiences strongly suggest a VCP offers an attractive option for fulfilling practicum requirements while reducing barriers of the in-person split option practicum.
Case-specific selection of batch correction methods for integrating single-cell transcriptomic data from different sources
Authors: Hu Xiaoyue , Li He , Chen Ming , Qian Junbin , Jiang Hangjin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntegrating single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from different sources is a common practice to empower in-depth interrogation for biological insights, where batch effect correction (BEC) is of vital importance. However, an inappropriate BEC may lead to overcorrection and report misleading results on downstream analyses including cell annotation, trajectory inference and cell-cell communication. Hence, we develop the Reference-based Batch Effect Testing (RBET), a novel statistical framework for evaluating the performance of different BEC methods by leveraging housekeeping-gene inspired reference genes and MAC statistics for distribution comparison. Comparing with existing methods, RBET is more powerful on detecting batch effect, overcorrection sensitive, computationally efficient, and robust to large batch effect sizes. Furthermore, extensive multi-scenario real examples show that RBET selects optimal BEC tools for consistent downstream analysis results, which confirm prior biological knowledge. This comprehensive BEC decision-making tool is available as an R package.
Mechanism of RSL3-Induced Ferroptotic Cell Death in HT22 Cells: Crucial Role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase
Authors: Hou Ming-Jie , Huang Xuanqi , Zhu Bao Ting 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTProtein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was recently shown to be an upstream mediator of erastin-induced, glutathione depletion-associated ferroptosis through its catalysis of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) dimerization and nitric oxide (NO) accumulation. A recent study reported that RSL3, a known ferroptosis inducer and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor, can inhibit thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1). The present study seeks to test a hypothesis that RSL3 may, through its inhibition of TrxR1, facilitate PDI activation (i.e., in a catalytically-active, oxidized state), thereby enhancing RSL3-induced ferroptosis through NOS dimerization and NO accumulation. Using the HT22 mouse neuronal cells as anin-vitromodel, we show that treatment of these cells with RSL3 can strongly increase NOS protein level, and the PDI-mediated NOS dimerization is activated by RSL3, resulting in NO accumulation. Mechanistically, we find that PDI is activated in cells treated with RSL3 resulting from its inhibition of TrxR1, and the activated PDI then catalyzes NOS dimerization, which is followed by accumulation of cellular NO, ROS and lipid-ROS, and ultimately ferroptotic cell death. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PDI or TrxR1 partially abrogates RSL3-induced NOS activation and the subsequent accumulation of cellular NO, ROS/lipid-ROS, and ultimately ferroptosis in HT22 cells. The results of this study clearly show that PDI activation resulting from RSL3 inhibition of the TrxR1 activity contributes crucially to RSL3-induced ferroptosis in a cell culture model through the PDIl7NOSl7NOl7ROS/lipid-ROS pathway, in addition to its known inhibition of the GPX4 activity.
Investigating Workplace Bullying, Intention to Quit and Depression Among Nurses in the Upper West Region of Ghana
Authors: Dapilah Emmanuel , Druye Andrews Adjei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntention to quit among nurses is increasingly recognized as a serious predictor of voluntary turnover. Voluntary turnover on the other hand is a significant factor fueling the shortage of nurses globally which could partly be blamed on negative workplace behaviors including but not limited to workplace bullying. Even though the relationship between workplace bullying and the intention to quit has been studied extensively, little is known about these concepts among nurses in Ghana.AimThe purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between workplace bullying among nurses and their intention to quit the profession in the Upper West Region of Ghana. We also determined the relationship between workplace bullying and depression among nurses.MethodsWe employed a cross-sectional design with 323 nurses recruited through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a 98.5% (N=318) response rate.ResultsInitial descriptive statistics indicate that 64.4% (n=203) of the nurses had intentions of quitting the job while 52.1% (n=164) were depressed at various degrees based on scores on the DASS-21. Further analysis shows a positive linear relationship between WPB and intentions to quit. WPB was also correlated positively with depression among the nurses. This implies that an increased incidence of bullying at work is associated with increased intention to quit and depression among the nurses.ConclusionsWith over 50% of the nurses in this study having intentions of quitting the job, it would be incumbent on nurse managers and other leaders at these health facilities to reconsider the work environment, policies, and leadership to prevent actual voluntary turnover. Managers must also fashion out pragmatic strategies aimed at reducing stress and promoting the health and well-being of the nurses.
HIF1α controls adipose tissue growth through metabolic rechanneling
Authors: Zhu Chaonan , Wu Meiqian , Pham Minh Duc , Wang Yue , Das Arka Provo , Mao Yijie , Mirtschink Peter , Yuan Ting , Krishnan Jaya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExcessive expansion of white adipose tissue occurs when energy intake exceeds demand. It creates a state of relative hypoxia that is directly linked to activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in obese human subjects and mouse models of obesity. Whether HIF1α function is important for the development of basal adiposity and diet-induced obesity remains unclear. In the present study, we genetically ablated Hif1α in adipocytes and analyzed the corresponding mice for both basal and diet-induced obesity-associated visceral white adipose tissue mass as well as parameters of systemic glucose homeostasis and peripheral insulin sensitivity. We found that inactivation of Hif1α in mouse adipocytes inhibited basal adiposity and suppressed nutrient-overload-induced adipose tissue growth. These changes in adiposity were associated with improved systemic glucose homeostasis and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, Hif1α mediated effects on adipocyte metabolism by re-routing glycolytic intermediates into the glycerolipid shunt, leading to increased de novo triacylglyceride synthesis in hypertrophic adipocytes. Our results have established key roles for HIif1α in controlling adipocyte growth and metabolism and adipose tissue expansion under basal conditions and in response to a high-fat diet, highlighting the central role of hypoxia and HIF1α in the development of obesity.Article HighlightsHif1α function is critical for basal adipose tissue mass expansion, and is also required for fat accumulation in response to high fat diet.Co-option and co-activation of the glycerolipid biosynthetic pathway by glycolysis is an important modulator of visceral adiposity.These findings reveal an important role of Hif1α in the adipose tissue through the coupling of glycolysis and lipid anabolism in response to HFD, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes in the future.
A corpus of GA4GH Phenopackets: case-level phenotyping for genomic diagnostics and discovery
Authors: Danis Daniel , Bamshad Michael J , Bridges Yasemin , Cacheiro Pilar , Carmody Leigh C , Chong Jessica X , Coleman Ben , Dalgleish Raymond , Freeman Peter J , Graefe Adam S L , Groza Tudor , Jacobsen Julius O B , Klocperk Adam , Kusters Maaike , Ladewig Markus S , Marcello Anthony J , Mattina Teresa , Mungall Christopher J , Munoz-Torres Monica C , Reese Justin T , Rehburg Filip , Reis Bárbara C S , Schuetz Catharina , Smedley Damian , Strauss Timmy , Sundaramurthi Jagadish Chandrabose , Thun Sylvia , Wissink Kyran , Wagstaff John F , Zocche David , Haendel Melissa A , Robinson Peter N 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) Phenopacket Schema was released in 2022 and approved by ISO as a standard for sharing clinical and genomic information about an individual, including phenotypic descriptions, numerical measurements, genetic information, diagnoses, and treatments. A phenopacket can be used as an input file for software that supports phenotype-driven genomic diagnostics and for algorithms that facilitate patient classification and stratification for identifying new diseases and treatments. There has been a great need for a collection of phenopackets to test software pipelines and algorithms. Here, we present phenopacket-store. Version 0.1.12 of phenopacket-store includes 4916 phenopackets representing 277 Mendelian and chromosomal diseases associated with 236 genes, and 2872 unique pathogenic alleles curated from 605 different publications. This represents the first large-scale collection of case-level, standardized phenotypic information derived from case reports in the literature with detailed descriptions of the clinical data and will be useful for many purposes, including the development and testing of software for prioritizing genes and diseases in diagnostic genomics, machine learning analysis of clinical phenotype data, patient stratification, and genotype-phenotype correlations. This corpus also provides best-practice examples for curating literature-derived data using the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema.
Molecular and circuit determinants in the globus pallidus mediating control of cocaine-induced behavioral plasticity
Authors: Tian Guilian , Bartas Katrina , Hui May , Chen Lingxuan , Vasquez Jose J. , Azouz Ghalia , Derdeyn Pieter , Manville Rían W. , Ho Erick L. , Fang Amanda S. , Li Yuan , Tyler Isabella , Setola Vincent , Aoto Jason , Abbott Geoffrey W. , Beier Kevin T. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThe globus pallidus externus (GPe) is a central component of the basal ganglia circuit, receiving strong input from the indirect pathway and regulating a variety of functions, including locomotor output and habit formation. We recently showed that it also acts as a gatekeeper of cocaine-induced behavioral plasticity, as inhibition of parvalbumin-positive cells in the GPe (GPePV) prevents the development of cocaine-induced reward and sensitization. However, the molecular and circuit mechanisms underlying this function are unknown. Here we show that GPePVcells control cocaine reward and sensitization by inhibiting GABAergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNrGABA), and ultimately, selectively modulating the activity of ventral tegmental area dopamine (VTADA) cells projecting to the lateral shell of the nucleus accumbens (NAcLat). A major input to GPePVcells is the indirect pathway of the dorsomedial striatum (DMSD2), which receives DAergic innervation from collaterals of VTADA→NAcLat cells, making this a closed-loop circuit. Cocaine likely facilitates reward and sensitization not directly through actions in the GPe, but rather in the upstream DMS, where the cocaine-induced elevation of DA triggers a depression in DMSD2cell activity. This cocaine-induced elevation in DA levels can be blocked by inhibition of GPePVcells, closing the loop. Interestingly, the level of GPePVcell activity prior to cocaine administration is correlated with the extent of reward and sensitization that animals experience in response to future administration of cocaine, indicating that GPePVcell activity is a key predictor of future behavioral responses to cocaine. Single nucleus RNA-sequencing of GPe cells indicated that genes encoding voltage-gated potassium channels KCNQ3 and KCNQ5 that control intrinsic cellular excitability are downregulated in GPePVcells following a single cocaine exposure, contributing to the elevation in GPePVcell excitability. Acutely activating channels containing KCNQ3 and/or KCNQ5 using the small molecule carnosic acid, a key psychoactive component ofSalvia rosmarinus(rosemary) extract, reduced GPePVcell excitability and also impaired cocaine reward, sensitization, and volitional cocaine intake, indicating its potential as a therapeutic to counteract psychostimulant use disorder. Our findings illuminate the molecular and circuit mechanisms by which the GPe orchestrates brain-wide changes in response to cocaine that are required for reward, sensitization, and self-administration behaviors.
Accurate Skin Lesion Classification Using Multimodal Learning on the HAM10000 Dataset
Authors: Adebiyi Abdulmateen , Abdalnabi Nader , Smith Emily Hoffman , Hirner Jesse , Simoes Eduardo J. , Becevic Mirna , Rao Praveen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur aim is to evaluate the performance of multimodal deep learning to classify skin lesions using both images and textual descriptions compared to learning only on images.Materials and MethodsWe used the HAM10000 dataset in our study containing 10,000 skin lesion images. We combined the images with patients’ data (sex, age, and lesion location) for training and evaluating a multimodal deep learning classification model. The dataset was split into 70% for training the model, 20% for the validation set, and 10% for the testing set. We compared the multimodal model’s performance to well-known deep learning models that only use images for classification.ResultsWe used accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristic (ROC) as the metrics to compare the models’ performance. Our multimodal model achieved the best accuracy (94.11%) and AUCROC (0.9426) compared to its competitors.ConclusionOur study showed that a multimodal deep learning model can outperform traditional deep learning models for skin lesion classification on the HAM10000 dataset. We believe our approach can enable primary care clinicians to screen for skin cancer in patients (residing in areas lacking access to expert dermatologists) with higher accuracy and reliability.Lay SummarySkin cancer, which includes basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and less frequent lesions, is the most frequent type of cancer. Around 9,500 people in the United States are diagnosed with skin cancer every day. Recently, multimodal learning has gained a lot of traction for classification tasks. Many of the previous works used only images for skin lesion classification. In this work, we used the images and patient metadata (sex, age, and lesion location) in HAM10000, a publicly available dataset, for multimodal deep learning to classify skin lesions. We used the model ALBEF (Align before Fuse) for multimodal deep learning. We compared the performance of ALBEF to well-known deep learning models that only use images (e.g., Inception-v3, DenseNet121, ResNet50). The ALBEF model outperformed all other models achieving an accuracy of 94.11% and an AUROC score of 0.9426 on HAM10000. We believe our model can enable primary care clinicians to accurately screen for skin cancer in patients.
Amygdala engages non-emotional multi-item working memory maintenance through amygdala-hippocampus interaction
Authors: Li Chenyang , Peng Yulong , Wang Ruixue , He Xianhui , Cai Ying , Ma Yuehui , Wu Dengchang , Wang Minmin , Zhang Shaomin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe process of holding information in working memory (WM) is an active one that requires neural activity within and between regions. The human amygdala (AMY) and hippocampus (HPC) are known to play crucial roles in emotional WM processing. Although human electrophysiological studies have made remarkable progress in revealing that HPC supports multi-item maintenance in a load-dependent manner, the characteristics of AMY and the circuit-level mechanisms underpinning AMY-HPC interactions remain largely unexplored. To address this gap in our knowledge, this study employed intracranial EEG recordings from AMY and HPC in nine epileptic patients to evaluate intra-regional neural representations and inter-regional communications during maintenance under different non-emotional WM loads. The results showed that high load enhances low-frequency power and intra-regional theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in AMY and HPC. On the network level, high load elicits an increase in the strength of the modulation of HPC theta phase entraining AMY gamma amplitude. Furthermore, high load elevates AMY-aHPC theta phase synchrony and directional connectivity strength, with the direction being from anterior HPC (aHPC) to AMY. Conversely, posterior HPC (pHPC)-AMY synchrony is not affected by load variations. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of AMY in non-emotional WM tasks and shed new light on the neurophysiological basis of AMY-HPC interactions during WM maintenance.
Implications of purity constraints on light Higgsinos
Authors: Martin Stephen P. 
Published: May 2024

The lightest supersymmetric particles could be Higgsinos that have a small mixing with gauginos. If the lightest Higgsino-like state makes up some or all of the dark matter with a thermal freeze-out density, then its mass must be between about 100 GeV and 1150 GeV, and dark matter searches put bounds on the amount of gaugino contamination that it can have. Motivated by the generally good agreement of flavor- and CP-violating observables with Standard Model predictions, I consider models in which the scalar particles of minimal supersymmetry are heavy enough to be essentially decoupled, except for the 125 GeV Higgs boson. I survey the resulting purity constraints as lower bounds on the gaugino masses and upper bounds on the Higgsino mass splittings. I also discuss the mild excesses in recent soft lepton searches for charginos and neutralinos at the LHC, and show that they can be accommodated in these models if tanβ is small and μ is negative.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Parameter constraints on traversable wormholes within beyond Horndeski theories through quasiperiodic oscillations
Authors: Abdulkhamidov Farukh , Nedkova Petya , Rayimbaev Javlon , Kunz Jutta , Ahmedov Bobomurat 
Published: May 2024

compact astrophysical objects such as black holes and wormholes, as well as testing gravity theories, are important issues in relativistic astrophysics. In this sense, theoretical and observational studies of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in (micro)quasars become helpful in exploring their central object, which can be a black hole or a wormhole. In the present work, we study the throat properties of traversable wormholes beyond Horndeski theory. Also, we investigate the circular motion of test particles orbiting the wormhole. We analyze the test particle’s effective potential and angular momentum for circular orbits. Frequencies of radial and vertical oscillations of the particles around stable circular orbits have also been studied and applied in explaining the quasiperiodic oscillations mechanism in the relativistic precession (RP) model. Finally, we obtain constraint values for the parameters of beyond Horndeski gravity and the mass of the wormhole candidates using QPOs observed in the microquasars GRO J1655-40, GRS 1915+105 & XTE J1550-564 and at the center of Milky Way galaxy through Monte-Carlo-Markovian-chain (MCMC) analyses.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The effect of parents’ support, protean career orientation and self-perceived employability on the school-to-work transition
Authors: Jannesari Milad , Sullivan Sherry E. , Baruch Yehuda 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe increasing complexity of global labor markets and work environments has made the school-to-work transition more difficult. We explore factors that influence important career outcomes for young adults in China as they transition from their university to the labor market. Specifically, we examine how protean career orientation, self-perceived employability, mother’s and father’s career support and human capital (English language proficiency) may influence career satisfaction and employment status during adulthood.Design/methodology/approachWe collected survey data in two waves, six months apart, and obtained English proficiency ratings from university records.FindingsFather’s and mother’s career support was significantly associated with protean career orientation and protean career orientation was significantly related to self-perceived employability. Self-perceived employability was significantly associated with career satisfaction and employment status. The career support-career satisfaction and career support-employment status relationships were fully mediated by protean career orientation and self-perceived employability. Contrary to expectations, the human capital variable of English language proficiency did not moderate the serial mediation involving either career satisfaction or employment status.Originality/valueBy integrating protean career theory, human capital theory and research on parental support, we offer an interdisciplinary contribution to the school-to-work transition literature. We also advance protean career theory by studying it as a mediating variable and by examining parental support as an antecedent of it.