bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of pheromone lures used in mass trapping to control the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) in industrial tomato crops in Kairouan (Tunisia)
Authors: Chermiti B. , Abbes K. 
Published: August 2012

An experimental trial of integrated pest management against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) based on mass trapping with a density of 32 traps per hectare was conducted in a 5 ha open‐field tomato crop. During this trial, the efficiency of three brands of sex pheromone dispenser commercialized in Tunisia was tested. The ‘superdosed’ pheromone lure type TUA‐Optima® (Russell IPM, Deeside, Flintshire, CH5 2LA, United Kingdom) loaded with 0.8 mg of synthetic pheromone was more attractive to males of T. absoluta, and these lures should be used with high populations. Standard lures Pherodis® and TUA‐500® containing 0.5 mg of pheromone were less attractive, and can be used in open‐field tomato crops with lower populations of T. absoluta. An assessment of the susceptibility of crop borders to T. absoluta, based on data collected from traps, revealed that levels of adult T. absoluta were similar between borders with either tomato or cereal crops. Particular attention should thus be paid to crop borders even when not adjacent to other tomato crops.
Use of predatory mirids for control of the tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Sardinian greenhouse tomatoes
Authors: Nannini M. , Atzori F. , Murgia G. , Pisci R. , Sanna F. 
Published: August 2012

The introduction of Tuta absoluta in Sardinia (Italy) has caused an important increase in the number of insecticide treatments applied for pest management on greenhouse tomatoes, thus raising growers' demand for alternative control options. To evaluate the efficacy of releasing two specimens of Macrolophus pygmaeus or Nesidiocoris tenuis per m2 for the control of tomato borer infestations, an investigation was conducted under field conditions between August 2010 and July 2011. The tests were carried out on 18 commercial greenhouse crops. Fifteen other greenhouses, where no biocontrol agents were released, were also surveyed as controls. The release of the mirid bugs resulted in poor population growth of predators, which reached a peak density of 1.79 individuals per plant. In approximately half of the cases, this was caused by the application of pesticides (usually abamectin and oxamyl) which are highly toxic to the predatory mirids. However, even in crops where only products regarded as harmless to beneficials were used (e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis‐based insecticides), both M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis failed to achieve the levels necessary for effective pest control. Presumably factors other than pesticide‐related mortality contributed significantly to delaying mirid population build‐up. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the feasibility of improving the efficacy of releases of the predatory mirids by the implementation of measures that may contribute to enhancing the establishment of these beneficials on tomato crops.
Distribution of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ and its vector Cacopsylla pruni in European fruit‐growing areas: a review
Authors: Steffek R. , Follak S. , Sauvion N. , Labonne G. , MacLeod A. 
Published: August 2012

European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) is an EU‐listed I/AII disease affecting Prunus spp. caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’. This paper reports the results from a systematic literature review approach that sought to determine the geographic distribution of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum’ in European fruit‐growing areas. Evidence for the presence of the phytoplasma was found for 15 of the 27 EU countries. It is prevalent in the most important stone fruit production areas of Central and Southern Europe, where it causes substantial impact in apricots (Prunus armeniaca), Japanese plums (P. salicina) and peaches (P. persica). In Northern European areas where these hosts are not produced, it is occasionally found on tolerant species (P. domestica). However, because surveys of the disease status of tolerant hosts are not performed, it remains unclear whether the pathogen is absent in Northern Europe or survives in tolerant cultivated or wild hosts. No reports of ESFY were found from the southernmost part of Europe: Portugal, Spain (Andalucia, Castile–La Mancha), Italy (Sicily, Puglia), Greece (Crete), Cyprus and Malta. This may be explained by the absence of the favoured wild hosts of the vector. Moreover, it remains unclear if the vector finds suitable conditions for aestivation and overwintering in these regions.
Stratégie Nationale de lutte contre la mineuse de la tomate Tuta absoluta Meyrick
Authors: Ouardi K. , Chouibani M. , Rahel M. A. , El Akel M. 
Published: August 2012

Au Maroc, la mineuse de la tomate Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) a été signalée pour la première fois en avril 2008 dans la région de Nador, puis s'est propagée rapidement dans toutes les régions de production de tomates. Depuis sa signalisation, des efforts ont été déployés par la profession et les départements techniques du Ministère de l'Agriculture de la Pêche Maritime (MAPM) pour faire face à ce fléau. Le plan d'action 2008–09 se basait sur la surveillance, les approches techniques de lutte dans le cadre d'un programme de protection intégrée, la sensibilisation et l'encadrement des agriculteurs et la production de supports d'information et de vulgarisation. Pour inciter les agriculteurs à adopter une approche de lutte intégrée contre ce ravageur, des subventions ont été mises en place par le MAPM, pour l'acquisition du filet insect proof et de capsules de phéromone à utiliser pour le piégeage de masse. L’ONSSA a également autorisé de nouvelles spécialités phytosanitaires pour lutter contre T. absoluta en cultures de tomate et de pomme de terre. Cette stratégie a fait l'objet d'une évaluation qui a permis de définir un plan d'action pour 2010–11. Ce plan d'action suit les mêmes axes que la campagne précédente tout en mettant l'accent sur la surveillance du ravageur en cultures de tomates de plein champ, le renforcement du programme de sensibilisation et d'encadrement des agriculteurs et le lancement d'un programme de suivi des résidus de produits phytosanitaires dans les tomates. En 2010–11, les attaques de la mineuse de la tomate ont toujours été maitrisées.
Biologie et complexe des ennemis naturels de Tuta absoluta à Mostaganem (Algérie)
Authors: Boualem M. , Allaoui H. , Hamadi R. , Medjahed M. 
Published: August 2012

Biology and complex of natural enemies of Tuta absoluta in Mostaganem (Algeria)L'apparition de Tuta absoluta Meyrick en Algérie a suscité l'implication du secteur agricole et scientifique dans des travaux de recherches visant à le contrôler par différentes méthodes appropriés. Notre travail a porté sur l'étude de la biologie de Tuta absoluta et du prédateur Nesidiocoris tenuis et l'inventaire de son complexe parasitaire dans la région de Mostaganem. Le cycle de développement de T. absoluta est de 21,1±0,4 jours à 26±1,6°C et une HR de 87±6,4% et 29,4±2 jours à 23,4±2°C et une HR de 75±3%. N. tenuis a fait ressortir un cycle de développement de 17,1±0,5 jours à 26±1,6°C, une longévité de 16±1,6 jours pour les individus alimentés aux larves de T. absoluta et de 9±2,2 jours pour ceux non alimentés. L'inventaire a mis en évidence la présence de trois espèces de prédateurs de T. absoluta: Nesidiocoristenuis Reuter, Macrolophus pygmaeus “caliginosus” Wagner et Dicyphus errans Wolff; ainsi que six parasitoïdes : Necremnus artynes Walker, Neochrysocharis sp., Sympiesis sp., Diglyphus isaea Walker, un Braconidae et un Ichneumonidae. Necremnus artynes a été le parasitoïde le plus fréquent et le plus abondant.
The current status of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiiidae) in Turkey and baseline toxicity of some insecticides
Authors: Ugurlu Karaagac S. 
Published: August 2012

Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops in Turkey, with national production of over 10 million tonnes in 2010. Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an important pest of tomato, and was first recorded in Urla District of Izmir Province in the Aegean region of Turkey in August 2009. It has since spread rapidly to the other regions of Turkey and become the main pest of tomato. Since its dispersal, chemical control has been the main method of control. Intensive use of insecticides has led to the development of resistance in T. absoluta. In this study, the baseline toxicity (LC50 values) of some insecticides was determined using a leaf‐dip bioassay method in Antalya and Ankara populations of T. absoluta.
Morphogenesis of chimeric hair follicles in engineered skin substitutes with human keratinocytes and murine dermal papilla cells
Authors: Sriwiriyanont Penkanok , Lynch Kaari A. , Maier Elizabeth A. , Hahn Jennifer M. , Supp Dorothy M. , Boyce Steven T. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEngineered skin substitutes (ESS) have been used successfully to treat life‐threatening burns, but lack cutaneous appendages. To address this deficiency, dermal constructs were prepared using collagen‐glycosaminoglycan scaffolds populated with murine dermal papilla cells expressing green fluorescent protein (mDPC‐GFP), human dermal papilla cells (hDPC) and/or human fibroblasts (hF). Subsequently, human epidermal keratinocytes (hK) or hK genetically modified to overexpress stabilized β‐catenin (hK') were used to prepare ESS epithelium. After 10 days incubation at air–liquid interface, ESS were grafted to athymic mice and were evaluated for 6 weeks. Neofollicles were observed in ESS containing mDPC‐GFP, but not hDPC or hF, independent of whether or not the hK were genetically modified. Based on detection of GFP fluorescence, mDPC were localized to the dermal papillae of the well‐defined follicular structures of grafted ESS. In addition, statistically significant increases in LEF1, WNT10A and WNT10B were found in ESS with neofollicles. These results demonstrate a model for generation of chimeric hair in ESS.
Cyclin D1 in invasive breast carcinoma: favourable prognostic significance in unselected patients and within subgroups with an aggressive phenotype
Authors: Mylona Eleni , Tzelepis Konstantinos , Theohari Irene , Giannopoulou Ioanna , Papadimitriou Christos , Nakopoulou Lydia 
Published: August 2012

Aims:  To study the clinicopathological and prognostic value of cyclin D1 overexpression in patients with breast carcinoma.Methods and results:  Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens from 290 invasive breast carcinomas to detect the proteins cyclin D1, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), p53, c‐erbB2, and topoisomerase IIα (topoIIα). Cyclin D1 staining was quantified using a computerized image analysis method. Cyclin D1 overexpression characterized smaller, ER‐positive and PR‐positive tumours (P = 0.017, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively), of a lower histological and nuclear grade (P = 0.011 and P < 0.0001, respectively), and with reduced expression of topoIIα (P = 0.001) and p53 (P < 0.001). Cyclin D1 was found to have an independent favourable impact on the overall survival of both the unselected cohort of patients (P = 0.011) and of patients with ER‐negative and lymph node‐positive tumours (P = 0.034 and P = 0.015, respectively). In triple‐negative tumours, cyclin D1 overexpression was found to have independent favourable impacts on both overall and relapse‐free survival (P = 0.002 for both).Conclusions:  This is the first immunohistochemical study to dissociate the advantageous prognostic effect of cyclin D1 overexpression from its association with ER expression, and to provide evidence that cyclin D1 overexpression may be a marker of prolonged survival in patient subgroups with aggressive phenotypes.
Effect of hyperoxia and vascular occlusion on tissue oxygenation measured by near infra‐red spectroscopy (InSpectra™): a volunteer study
Authors: Kyle B. , Litton E. , Ho K. M. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryStandard cardiorespiratory monitoring may fail to detect occult tissue ischaemia. This study assessed whether a near infra‐red spectroscopy tissue oxygen saturation monitor (InSpectra™) could detect progressive peripheral tissue ischaemia and whether hyperoxia may confound tissue oxygen saturation measurement. Tissue oxygen and arterial oxygen saturations were measured continuously in 30 healthy volunteers, first during a period of progressive increase in inspired oxygen concentration and subsequently during two periods of low‐ and high‐pressure limb ischaemia. Increasing inspired oxygen concentration was associated with a small increase in mean (SD) tissue oxygen saturation of 5.3 (7.1) %, reaching a plateau between 30% and 40% inspired oxygen. The rate and magnitude of decreases in tissue oxygen saturations were greater during high‐ than low‐pressure ischaemia with a mean (SD) desaturation rate of 3.3 (0.9) vs 1.8 (0.8) %.min−1 (p < 0.01). The dose‐related association and lack of confounding by hyperoxia suggest that tissue oxygen saturation monitoring may be a useful adjunct to detect occult ischaemia.
A model for post‐orogenic development of a mountain range and its foreland
Authors: Tucker G. E. , van der Beek P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDecaying mountain ranges often show a surprisingly dynamic pattern of landscape evolution. Although one might expect a simple, monotonic decline in relief over time, evidence from several inactive mountain ranges shows alternating sequences of deposition and erosion in the associated basins, suggesting variations in relief and exhumation rate in the ranges themselves. Examples include the Southern Rocky Mountains, the Pyrenees, the European Alps and the Atlas Mountains. In this paper, we explore the possible origins of post‐orogenic landscape dynamics using a simple mathematical model of a mountain range and an adjacent foreland basin. The analysis highlights the importance of mass balance. In particular, a switch from basin exhumation to renewed sedimentation requires either an increase in sediment influx from the range or a decrease in sediment outflux beyond the basin margin. Although it is widely understood that post‐orogenic changes in erosion and sediment flux can have multiple causes (including climate change, regional tectonic uplift or tilting, or exhumation of variable lithologies), an important implication of our analysis is that the impact of such changes must differ in sign or magnitude between the range and the basin to be recorded. This requirement places an important constraint on viable explanations for alternating sequences of deposition and erosion in a decaying mountain‐basin pair.
Incidence and risk of hypertension with vandetanib in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Qi Wei‐Xiang , Shen Zan , Lin Feng , Sun Yuan‐jue , Min Da‐liu , Tang Li‐Na , He Ai‐Na , Yao Yang 
Published: August 2012

AimTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of published clinical trials to determine incidence rate and overall risk of hypertension with vandetanib in cancer patients.MethodsA comprehensive literature search for studies published up to March 2012 was performed. Summary incidence rates, relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated employing fixed‐ or random‐effects models depending on the heterogeneity of the included trials.ResultsA total of 11 trials with 3154 patients were included for the meta‐analysis. The summary incidences of all‐grade and high‐grade hypertension in patients with cancer were 24.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 18.1–30.2%] and 6.4% (95% CI, 3.3–9.5%), respectively. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the pooled incidences of all‐grade and high‐grade hypertension were 21.8% [95% CI, 15–30.5%] and 7.6% (95% CI, 2.8–18.8%), respectively, among non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and 32.1% (95% CI: 27.3–37.3%) and 8.8% (5.9%–12.9%), respectively, among MTC patients, and 15.4 (95% CI: 3.2–33.7%) and 3.4% (95% CI: 1%–11.1%) respectively, among non‐MTC/NSCLC tumors patients. Furthermore, vandetanib was associated with a significant increased risk of all‐grade hypertension (RR 5.1, 95% CI: 3.76–6.92, P = 0.000) and high‐grade hypertension (RR 8.06, 95% CI: 3.41–19.04, P = 0.000) in comparison with controls.ConclusionsThere is a significant risk of developing hypertension in cancer patients receiving vandetanib. Appropriate monitoring and treatment is strongly recommended to prevent cardiovascular complications.
FOXE1 polymorphisms are associated with familial and sporadic nonmedullary thyroid cancer susceptibility
Authors: Tomaz Rute A. , Sousa Inês , Silva Joana G. , Santos Catarina , Teixeira Manuel R. , Leite Valeriano , Cavaco Branca M. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryObjectiveFOXE1 is a transcription factor required for thyroid differentiation and function. FOXE1 locus polymorphisms (chromosome 9q22.33) were recently associated with increased sporadic thyroid cancer risk. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of FOXE1 variants with nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC), in both sporadic and familial (FNMTC) cases from the Portuguese population.Design and MethodsNine variants located at the FOXE1 locus were sequenced in genomic DNA from 60 FNMTC probands and 80 patients with sporadic NMTC. Alleles were tested for association with thyroid cancer, against 130 healthy matched Portuguese controls.ResultsAll variants were significantly associated with increased thyroid cancer risk when combining familial and sporadic cases (OR range = 1·62–2·58). In particular, two reported risk variants were associated with the disease: rs965513 (allele A) with familial (OR = 2·30, 95% CI = 1·48–3·59, P = 0·0002) and sporadic (OR = 2·81, 95% CI = 1·87–4·22, P < 0·0001) NMTC and rs1867277 (allele A) with the sporadic (OR = 1·76, 95% CI = 1·18–2·62, P = 0·0052) and combined NMTC cases (OR = 1·70, 95% CI = 1·21–2·40, P = 0·0022). Interestingly, we also identified association of FOXE1 polyalanine tract expansions (>14 alanines) with thyroid cancer risk, in both familial (OR = 2·56, 95% CI = 1·64–4·01, P < 0·0001) and sporadic (OR = 2·44, 95% CI = 1·61–3·68, P < 0·0001) cases.ConclusionsWe found compelling evidence of association between FOXE1 variants and thyroid cancer risk in the Portuguese population. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the association of this locus with both sporadic and familial NMTC susceptibility.
Treatment of hypovitaminosis D with pharmacologic doses of cholecalciferol, oral vs intramuscular; an open labeled RCT
Authors: Zabihiyeganeh Mozhdeh , Jahed Adel , Nojomi Marzieh 
Published: August 2012

SummaryObjectiveVitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem. Usual supplements are inadequate for prevention of hypovitaminosis D, and much higher doses are needed for its treatment. This study was designed to compare the efficacy and practicality of high‐dose intramuscular and oral cholecalciferol in treatment of hypovitaminosis D and to evaluate durability of the effect of each remedy.DesignNinety‐two patients with hypovitaminosis D [serum 25(OH) D level < 75 nmol/l] were enrolled in a randomised clinical trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 300 000 IU cholecalciferol, either intramuscularly as a single injection or orally in six divided doses during 3 months period. Serum 25(OH) D level was measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months.ResultsBoth treatment regimens significantly increased the serum 25(OH)D level. Delta change in serum 25(OH) D level from baseline (presented as mean ± SEM) at month 3 was significantly higher in oral than injection group (90 ± 11·2 and 58·8 ± 8·9 nmol/l, respectively, P = 0·03); but was similar at 6th month intervention (52·1 ± 7·6 and 62·2 ± 6·7 nmol/l, respectively, P = 0·32). There was a marginally significant trend in favour of oral group in the proportion of cases attained vitamin D adequacy at 6th month (P = 0·06); but still 15% of all patients remained at < 50 nmol/l.ConclusionBoth regimens were considerably effective, safe and practical in treating hypovitaminosis D. Although we revealed superiority of oral route, at least at early short time, the way of treatment may depend on the patient's choice, compliance and availability of various forms of the drug in any regions.
Tidal geomorphology affects phytoplankton at the transition from forested streams to tidal rivers
Authors: ENSIGN SCOTT H. , DOYLE MARTIN W. , PIEHLER MICHAEL F. 
Published: August 2012

Summary1. Coastal rivers can have long tidally influenced reaches that are affected by tides but do not contain saline water. These tidal freshwater reaches have steep geomorphic gradients where the river transitions from narrow, heavily shaded streams to wide, unshaded channels. The influence of these gradients on river ecosystem production is poorly understood.2. We characterised gradients in irradiance, geomorphology, water clarity and chlorophyll a along 9‐ to 16‐km tidal freshwater reaches of the Newport and White Oak Rivers in North Carolina, USA, and examined the effect of nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton growth in the Newport River. Underwater irradiance was modelled at 2–4 week intervals along both rivers using measurements of the above‐canopy irradiance, canopy cover, water column light attenuation (Kd) and water depth. Suspended material (TSS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chlorophyll a were sampled at 2‐week interval at five sites on the Newport River and on four dates at four sites on the White Oak River over the course of one year.3. Phytoplankton nutrient limitation was assessed at three locations along the tidal gradient. River water was collected during March, April, June and October, and incubated in 10‐L plastic outdoor containers under ambient water temperature and sunlight. Additions of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus served as treatments; growth rate during the 4 days of incubation was calculated from the change in chlorophyll a concentration over time.4. Canopy cover decreased from more than 90% to <10% over the length of both tidal freshwater rivers. Water column irradiance and phytoplankton biomass increased as tree canopy cover decreased and channel width increased. Channel width exceeded predictions for non‐tidal rivers by threefold because of tidal influence. TSS and DOC decreased significantly along the length of the Newport River, but no significant gradients were observed in the White Oak River. Kd did not vary along the tidal gradient of either river.5. Mesocosm experiments indicated that inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus enhanced the growth of phytoplankton advected from the non‐tidal river into the tidal freshwater river during spring and summer. Phytoplankton in the tidal freshwater reach were generally not nutrient limited.6. Tidal hydrology (in the absence of saltwater) directly affected the morphology of the channel and indirectly affected biological growth and production. The significant increase in river width, irradiance and phytoplankton biomass distinguished these tidal freshwater ecosystems from their upstream (non‐tidal fluvial) counterparts, while the strong influence of riparian shading distinguished them from the saline estuaries downstream. Future development of ecosystem and biogeochemical models for tidal freshwater rivers will benefit from the linkages between geomorphology and biological processes identified here.