bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A miniature Couette to generate shear for flow cytometry: Studying real‐time modulation of intracellular calcium in monocytic cells
Authors: Zwartz Gordon J. , Chigaev Alexandre , Foutz Terry D. , Edwards Bruce , Sklar Larry A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractExtracellular hydrodynamic forces may be transmitted to the interior of cells through the alteration of integrin conformation and affinity. Integrin activation regulates leukocyte recruitment, cell activation, and transmigration. The cellular and molecular mechanisms for integrin activation are not precisely known, although intracellular calcium signaling is involved. Flow cytometry offers a versatile way to study intracellular calcium signaling in real‐time. We report a novel method to generate defined shear by using a miniature Couette. Testing involved measuring shear‐induced intracellular calcium signals of human monoblastoid U937 cells in suspension. The Couette was connected externally to a flow cytometer and pressurized at 6 PSI (4.1 N/m2). Cells were subjected to a well‐defined shear between 0 and 1,000 s−1 and delivered continuously within 10 s to a FACScan at 1 μl/s. Intracellular calcium levels and the percentage of cells activated increased as shear increased in duration and intensity. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Purging disorder: Psychopathology and treatment outcomes
Authors: Tasca Giorgio A. , Maxwell Hilary , Bone Meagan , Trinneer Anne , Balfour Louise , Bissada Hany 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:To characterize a tertiary care treatment‐seeking sample and assess post‐treatment remission and completion rates for purging disorder (PD).Method:Consecutively admitted women with PD (n = 122), anorexia nervosa (AN) restricting subtype (AN‐R; n = 146), AN binge‐purge subtype (AN‐B; n = 154), and bulimia nervosa‐purging subtype (BN‐P; n = 415) were compared on general and eating disorder specific psychopathology. A subsample (n = 256) attended a day treatment program and were assessed for post‐treatment remission and completion rates.Results:PD occurred in 17.3% of eating disorders not otherwise specified and 6.7% of total eating disorder referrals. PD patients were similar to AN‐B and BN‐P, but had higher levels than AN‐R, on general and eating disorder psychopathology. PD individuals did not have different post‐treatment remission or completion rates compared to other eating disorders.Discussion:The results add to a growing literature on the utility of PD as a diagnosis. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
An fMRI investigation of emotional processing of body shape in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Spangler Diane L. , Allen Mark D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:Cognitive‐behavioral theories of eating disorder etiology emphasize the role of body‐oriented self‐schemas. Examination of brain regions associated with self‐referencing, such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), during processing of body‐related stimuli can thus be utilized to evaluate such theories.Method:Twelve women with bulima nervosa (BN) and 12 comparison women underwent functional brain imaging while viewing images of women with either thin or overweight bodies in a self‐referencing context.Results:For thin bodies, there was no significant mPFC activation for either group. For overweight bodies, mPFC activation was significantly greater for BN patients, with a focus in subregions associated with emotional processing.Discussion:These findings are consistent with cognitive models of eating disorders which posit that negative body‐related stimuli are more central to self‐schemas and more emotionally provocative in persons with eating disorders, lending support to treatment and prevention interventions that emphasize body overvaluation as a primary target of change. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Self‐Assembly of Hexanuclear Clusters of 4f and 5f Elements with Cation Specificity
Authors: Diwu Juan , Good Justin J. , DiStefano Victoria H. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSix hexanuclear clusters of 4f and 5f elements were synthesized by room‐temperature slow concentration experiments. Cerium(IV), thorium(IV), and plutonium(IV) each form two different hexanuclear clusters, among which the cerium and plutonium clusters are isotypic, whereas the thorium clusters show more diversity. The change in ionic radii of approximately 0.08 Å between these different metal ions tunes the cavity size so that NH4+ (1.48 Å) has the right dimensions to assemble the cerium and plutonium clusters, whereas Cs+ (1.69 Å) is necessary to assemble the thorium clusters. If these cations are not used in the reactions, only amorphous material is obtained.
An Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Thiols with Aryl Iodides
Authors: Kao Hsin‐Lun , Chen Chin‐Keng , Wang Yu‐Jen , Lee Chin‐Fa 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCommercially available Cu2O powder is a very reactive catalyst for the coupling of thiols to aryl iodides. A variety of functional groups including esters, unprotected amines, alcohols, and heterocycles tolerate the reaction conditions. Moreover, di‐ortho‐substituted aryl iodides with sterically demanding substrates were also coupled to give the desired aryl thioethers in good to excellent yields.
Caregiver support groups in patients with dementia: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Chien Ling‐Yu , Chu Hsin , Guo Jong‐Long , Liao Yuan‐Mei , Chang Lu‐I , Chen Chiung‐Hua , Chou Kuei‐Ru 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectivesMeta‐analysis studies of specific types of support groups are limited. We conducted a review and assessment of the effectiveness of support groups for caregivers of demented patients, and examined the impact of support group characteristics.MethodsA search of multiple, electronic databases including the Cochrane Library, Medline, PUBMED, and others was conducted; studies published between 1998 and 2009 were collected. Thirty quantitative journal articles that were true and quasi‐experimental controlled trials on support groups for non‐professional caregivers, including mutual support, psychoeducational, and educational groups were analyzed. Outcome indicators were psychological well‐being, depression, burden, and social outcomes.ResultsSupport groups showed a significant positive effect on caregivers' psychological well‐being (Hedge's g = −0.44, 95% CI = −0.73, −0.15), depression (Hedge's g = −0.40, 95% CI = −0.72, −0.08), burden (Hedge's g = −0.23, 95% CI = −0.33, −0.13), and social outcomes (Hedge's g = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.71). The use of theoretical models, and length and intensity of group sessions had a significant impact on the effect sizes for psychological well‐being and depression. Ratio of female participation (for psychological well‐being and depression) and average age (social outcomes) were significant predictor variables.ConclusionsSupport groups benefit caregivers and findings of this meta‐analysis serve as immediate guidance for group facilitators. Future research should include additional outcome variables with our defined factors on effectiveness collected as demographic characteristic data for comparison. A more comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of support groups is indicated to enhance outcomes for caregivers and patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antipsychotic medication is associated with selective alterations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid Aβ 40 and tau in patients with intractable unipolar depression
Authors: Clarke Nicholas A. , Hartmann Tobias , Jones Emma L. , Ballard Clive G. , Francis Paul T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectiveAlterations in plasma and in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid amyloid‐B peptide (Aβ) levels have been reported in Alzheimer's disease. Studies have also suggested similar changes in depressed patients. No information is available on the impact of psychotropic drugs on this in patients with depression. We therefore quantified Aβ in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a population of patients with treatment‐resistant depression, with and without antipsychotic medication.MethodA cross‐sectional study of 32 patients undergoing subcaudate tractotomy for major (unipolar) depressive disorder. Ventricular CSF concentrations of Aβ peptide 1–40 and 1–42, also p‐tau and total tau were determined by Western blotting or enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsPatients taking antipsychotic medication in the 2 weeks prior to surgery demonstrated significantly higher levels of Aβ 1–40 (mean ± SD: 727.3 ± 382.3 vs. 440.9 ± 337.2 pg/ml; p = 0.032, Student's t‐test) but unaltered Aβ 1–42 (mean 72.1 ± 67.5 vs. 60.0 ± 56.7 pg/ml; p = 0.587) compared to a matched sample not treated with antipsychotic drugs. The same group demonstrated elevated total tau (mean 945.0 ± 422.2 vs. 534.3 ± 388.3 pg/ml; p = 0.010) but not p‐tau (mean 98.6 ± 71.5 vs. 88.1 ± 70.5 pg/ml; p = 0.694). No similar effect was found with lithium, antidepressants, carbamazepine or benzodiazepines.ConclusionsThis preliminary study suggests antipsychotic drugs, widely used in patients with severe depression across all age ranges, may be associated with alteration of Aβ 1–40 and total tau, indices strongly linked with progressive organic brain disease. Further confirmatory work is needed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The association between intensive care unit admission and subsequent depression in patients with diabetes
Authors: Davydow Dimitry S. , Hough Catherine L. , Russo Joan E. , Von Korff Michael , Ludman Evette , Lin Elizabeth H. B. , Ciechanowski Paul , Young Bessie , Oliver Malia , Katon Wayne J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether intensive care unit (ICU) admission is independently associated with increased risk of major depression in patients with diabetes.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 3596 patients with diabetes enrolled in the Pathways Epidemiologic Follow‐Up Study, of whom 193 had at least one ICU admission over a 3‐year period. We controlled for baseline depressive symptoms, demographics, and clinical characteristics. We examined associations between ICU admission and subsequent major depression using logistic regression.ResultsThere were 2624 eligible patients who survived to complete follow‐up; 98 had at least one ICU admission. Follow‐up assessments occurred at a mean of 16.4 months post‐ICU for those who had an ICU admission. At baseline, patients who had an ICU admission tended to be depressed, older, had greater medical comorbidity, and had more diabetic complications. At follow‐up, the point prevalence of probable major depression among patients who had an ICU admission was 14% versus 6% among patients without an ICU admission. After multivariate adjustment, ICU admission was independently associated with subsequent probable major depression (Odds Ratio 2.07, 95% confidence interval (1.06–4.06)). Additionally, baseline probable major depression was significantly associated with post‐ICU probable major depression.ConclusionsICU admission in patients with diabetes is independently associated with subsequent probable major depression. Additional research is needed to identify at‐risk patients and potentially modifiable ICU exposures in order to inform future interventional studies with the goal of decreasing the burden of comorbid depression in older patients with diabetes who survive critical illnesses. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adipokines and the risk of fracture in older adults
Authors: Barbour Kamil E , Zmuda Joseph M , Boudreau Robert , Strotmeyer Elsa S , Horwitz Mara J , Evans Rhobert W , Kanaya Alka M , Harris Tamara B , Bauer Douglas C , Cauley Jane A 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Adiponectin and leptin are adipokines that influence bone metabolism in vitro and in animal models. However, less is known about the longitudinal association of leptin and adiponectin with fracture. We tested the hypothesis that low leptin and high adiponectin levels are each individually associated with fracture risk in a prospective cohort study in Memphis and Pittsburgh among 3075 women and men aged 70 to 79 years from the Health Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. There were 406 incident fractures (334 nonvertebral and 72 vertebral) over a mean of 6.5 ± 1.9 years. Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratios for fracture. Sex modified the association between adiponectin and fracture (p = .025 for interaction). Men with the highest adiponectin level (tertile 3) had a 94% higher risk of fracture [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20–3.16] compared with the lowest tertile (tertile 1; p = .007 for trend) after adjusting age, race, body mass index (BMI), education, diabetes, weight change, and hip bone mineral density (BMD). Among women, after adjusting for age and race, this association was no longer significant (p = .369 for trend). Leptin did not predict fracture risk in women (p = .544 for trend) or men (p = .118 for trend) in the multivariate models. Our results suggest that adiponectin, but not leptin, may be a novel risk factor for increased fracture risk independent of body composition and BMD and that these relationships may be influenced by sex. More research is needed to understand the physiologic basis underlying these sex differences. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Survivin (BIRC5) cell cycle computational network in human no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma transformation
Authors: Wang Lin , Huang Juxiang , Jiang Minghu , Sun Lingjun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSurvivin (BIRC5) relationship with tumor is presented in several papers. However, how the molecular network and interpretation concerning BIRC5 cell cycle between no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. Here, we constructed and analyzed significant higher expression gene BIRC5 activated and inhibited cell cycle network from HCC versus no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis pateints (viral infection HCV or HBV) in GEO Dataset by combination of gene regulatory network inference method based on linear programming and decomposition procedure with the CapitalBio MAS 3.0 software based on the integration of public databases including Gene Ontology, KEGG, BioCarta, GenMapp, Intact, UniGene, OMIM, etc. Compared the same and different activated and inhibited BIRC5 network with GO analysis between no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis and HCC, our result showed BIRC5 cell cycle network weaker transcription factor activity in both no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis and HCC (1); stronger nucleus protein binding but weaker cytoplasm protein binding in no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis (2); stronger cytoplasm protein phosphatase binding but weaker ubiquitin‐protein ligase activity in HCC (3). Therefore, we inferred BIRC5 cell cycle module less transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in both no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis and HCC (4). We deduced BIRC5 cell cycle module different from more mitosis but less complex‐dependent proteasomal ubiquitin‐dependent protein catabolism as a result increasing cell division and cell numbers in no‐tumor hepatitis/cirrhosis to more protein amino acid autophosphorylation but less negative regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity during mitotic cell cycle as a result increasing growth and cell volume in HCC (5). J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1286–1294, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stromal cell‐derived factor‐1/CXCR4 promotes IL‐6 production in human synovial fibroblasts
Authors: Chen Hsien‐Te , Tsou Hsi‐Kai , Hsu Chin‐Jung , Tsai Chun‐Hao , Kao Cheng‐Hsing , Fong Yi‐Chin , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe production of chemokine stromal cell‐derived factor (SDF)‐1 is significantly higher in synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). IL‐6 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in both OA and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the effects of SDF‐1α on human synovial fibroblasts are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the intracellular signaling pathway involved in SDF‐1α‐induced IL‐6 production in human synovial fibroblast cells. SDF‐1α caused concentration‐ and time‐dependent increases in IL‐6 production. SDF‐1α also increased the mRNA and surface expression of CXCR4 receptor in human synovial fibroblasts. CXCR4‐neutralizing antibody, CXCR4‐specific inhibitor (AMD3100), or small interfering RNA against CXCR4 inhibited the SDF‐1α‐induced increase of IL‐6 expression. The transcriptional regulation of IL‐6 by SDF‐1α was mediated by phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt and activation of the activator protein (AP)‐1 component of c‐Jun. The binding of c‐Jun to the AP‐1 element on the IL‐6 promoter and the increase in AP‐1 luciferase activity was enhanced by SDF‐1α. Co‐transfection with CXCR4, PI3K, Akt, and c‐Jun mutants or siRNA inhibited the potentiating action of SDF‐1α on AP‐1 promoter activity. Taken together, our results suggest that SDF‐1α‐increased IL‐6 production in human synovial fibroblasts via the CXCR4 receptor, PI3K, Akt, c‐Jun, and AP‐1 signaling pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1219–1227, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of phenytoin and Echinacea purpurea extract on proliferation and apoptosis of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells
Authors: Hu Xiao , Chen Zhenguo , Mao Xiaoyan , Tang Shijie 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCleft palate is one of the most common birth defects. Several environment factors are involved in the disorder, such as smoking, vitamin deficiency and teratogens. We investigated the teratogenic agent phenytoin and extract of the immunostimulant Echinacea purpurea in the etiology of cleft palate associated with the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. We measured the effects of phenytoin, E. purpurea extract, and the mixture of phenytoin and E. purpurea extract on the cell viability of MEPM cells by CCK‐8 assay and on the proliferation and apoptosis of MEPM cells by BrdU labeling assay, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assay. Exposure to phenytoin for 24 h inhibited cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis of MEPM cells, and E. purpurea extract had the reverse effect. Importantly, treatment with the mixture of phenytoin and E. purpurea extract increased the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis of MEPM cells as compared with treatment with phenytoin alone. The teratogenic effect of phenytoin on cleft palate is associated with the proliferation and apoptosis of MEPM cells, and E. purpurea extract may have a protective effect. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1311–1317, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of AMP‐activated protein kinase by LKB1 and CaMKK in adipocytes
Authors: Gormand Amélie , Henriksson Emma , Ström Kristoffer , Jensen Thomas Elbenhardt , Sakamoto Kei , Göransson Olga 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cellular and whole body energy homeostasis. In adipose tissue, activation of AMPK has been demonstrated in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli. However, the upstream kinase that activates AMPK in adipocytes remains elusive. Previous studies have identified LKB1 as a major AMPK kinase in muscle, liver, and other tissues. In certain cell types, Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) has been shown to activate AMPK in response to increases of intracellular Ca2+ levels. Our aim was to investigate if LKB1 and/or CaMKK function as AMPK kinases in adipocytes. We used adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes from mice in which the expression of LKB1 was reduced to 10–20% of that of wild‐type (LKB1 hypomorphic mice). We show that adipocytes from LKB1 hypomorphic mice display a 40% decrease in basal AMPK activity and a decrease of AMPK activity in the presence of the AMPK activator phenformin. We also demonstrate that stimulation of 3T3L1 adipocytes with intracellular [Ca2+]‐raising agents results in an activation of the AMPK pathway. The inhibition of CaMKK isoforms, particularly CaMKKβ, by the inhibitor STO‐609 or by siRNAs, blocked Ca2+‐, but not phenformin‐, AICAR‐, or forskolin‐induced activation of AMPK, indicating that CaMKK activated AMPK in response to Ca2+. Collectively, we show that LKB1 is required to maintain normal AMPK‐signaling in non‐stimulated adipocytes and in the presence of phenformin. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of a Ca2+/CaMKK signaling pathway that can also regulate the activity of AMPK in adipocytes. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1364–1375, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Afforestation of agricultural land with Pinus radiata D. don and Betula alba L. in NW Spain: Effects on soil PH, understorey production and floristic diversity eleven years after establishment
Authors: Rigueiro‐Rodríguez A. , Mosquera‐Losada M. R. , Fernández‐Núñez E. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTAfforestation of abandoned agricultural lands has been the main change in land use over the past decade in Europe. However, the impact of tree species and understorey management on production and plant diversity over the medium‐ and long‐term has not been thoroughly studied. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of an afforestation of Pinus radiata D. Don and Betula alba L. on soil pH, understorey production and plant diversity and life cycle type (annuals vs. perennials) managed with different soil fertilisation treatments over a period of 11 years. The results show an acidification of the soil 11 years after establishment, better vertical growth and diameter of pine compared with birch as usually happens in the region and important variation in the biomass production and composition of the understorey below both tree species. Understorey species remained similar during the first 5 years below both canopies. However, species richness (S) was drastically reduced under Pinus radiata D. Don plantation compared to Betula alba L. (Spine = 2 vs. Sbirch = 17) after 11 years of tree establishment at a very high density (2500 trees ha−1). Inorganic and organic fertilisation also caused a reduction in floristic diversity. Soil pH, pasture production and floristic understorey plant diversity are better preserved under autochthonous broadleaves, which increased the multiple uses of recently afforested lands in the short‐ and medium‐term. In the European context of high need for sawn wood, the use of autochthonous broadleaved tree species like Betula should be promoted due to their better sustainability. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and pH/Temperature‐Responsive Behavior of PLLA‐b‐PDMAEMA Block Polyelectrolytes Prepared via ROP and ATRP
Authors: Mao Jun , Ji Xiangling , Bo Shuqin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWell‐defined diblock poly(L‐lactide)‐block‐poly(dimethylamino‐2‐ethyl methacrylate) (PLLA‐b‐PDMAEMA) copolymers were synthesized by combining ROP of LLA and ATRP of DMAEMA, from a dual‐initiator 2‐hydroxylethyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate. The molecular characterization of these diblock copolymers was performed using 1H NMR, FT‐IR, and GPC‐MALLS analysis. The responsive behavior of these diblock copolymers in aqueous solutions at different pH and temperatures were investigated using DLS. Results show that both higher pH and temperature result in a higher degree of neutralization, weaker hydrogen bonding, and micellar aggregation. As observed by TEM, changes in micellar morphology are in accordance with DLS results.
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Fluorine Interactions in a Post‐Metallocene Titanium Catalyst: An ab initio Study
Authors: Villani Vincenzo , Giammarino Gaetano 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe stability of weak fluorine bonds in homogeneous catalyst is studied at the ab initio level for an arylpyridine post‐metallocene complex. The Ti···F···Hβ interaction scheme, involving the agostic bond with titanium and the H‐bond with an Hβ in the growing chain, is found to be the the most stable one. A possible optimal overlap involving the fluorine lone pairs is proposed. This three‐center interaction could play a role in the inhibition of Hβ transfer to the metal or to the monomer in the termination reactions.
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