bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron Boosts Antitumor Type 1 T-cell Responses and Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Porte Sarah , Audemard-Verger Alexandra , Wu Christian , Durand Aurélie , Level Théo , Giraud Léa , Lombès Amélie , Germain Mathieu , Pierre Rémi , Saintpierre Benjamin , Lambert Mireille , Auffray Cédric , Peyssonnaux Carole , Goldwasser François , Vaulont Sophie , Alves-Guerra Marie-Clotilde , Dentin Renaud , Lucas Bruno , Martin Bruno 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cancers only develop if they escape immunosurveillance, and the success of cancer immunotherapies relies in most cases on their ability to restore effector T-cell functions, particularly IFNγ production. Revolutionizing the treatment of many cancers, immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints such as PD1 can increase survival and cure patients. Unfortunately, although immunotherapy has greatly improved the prognosis of patients, not all respond to anti-PD1 immunotherapy, making it crucial to identify alternative treatments that could be combined with current immunotherapies to improve their effectiveness. Here, we show that iron supplementation significantly boosts T-cell responses in vivo and in vitro. The boost was associated with a metabolic reprogramming of T cells in favor of lipid oxidation. We also found that the “adjuvant” effect of iron led to a marked slowdown of tumor cell growth after tumor cell line transplantation in mice. Specifically, our results suggest that iron supplementation promotes antitumor responses by increasing IFNγ production by T cells. In addition, iron supplementation improved the efficacy of anti-PD1 cancer immunotherapy in mice. Finally, our study suggests that, in patients with cancer, the quality and efficacy of the antitumor response following anti-PD1 immunotherapy may be modulated by plasma ferritin levels. In summary, our results suggest the benefits of iron supplementation on the reactivation of antitumor responses and support the relevance of a fruitful association between immunotherapy and iron supplementation.
Indian Summer Monsoon Precipitation Dominates the Reproduction of Circumglobal Teleconnection Pattern: A Comparison of CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models
Authors: Yu Hanzhao , Zhou Tianjun , He Linqiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The zonal wavenumber-5 circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) pattern is one of the most critical atmospheric teleconnection patterns during boreal summer over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). CGT can exert significant climatic impact across NH including Europe, East Asia, and North America, but how reliable coupled climate models simulate the characteristics of CGT is poorly understood. Here, 20 coupled models with their respective versions in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and CMIP6 are selected to evaluate their performance on CGT simulation. We find that while both CMIP5 and CMIP6 models are able to capture the basic features of CGT in multimodel mean (MMM), there are large intermodel discrepancies in the simulation of CGT pattern among CMIP5 and CMIP6 models. High-skill models exhibit strong action center over west-central Asia, coinciding with the pattern derived from reanalysis, while the corresponding action center in low-skill models is weaker. Further analyses demonstrate that high-skill models are capable of simulating more realistic Indian summer monsoon (ISM) precipitation anomalies related to CGT. The resultant anomalous upper-tropospheric divergence over west-central Asia, acting as a Rossby wave source, can therefore excite the abovementioned action center. This high- and low-skill model difference on CGT–ISM relationship is consistent in both CMIP5 and CMIP6. It is also found that high-skill models tend to simulate more realistic CGT–ENSO relationship. The relationship between simulation skills of CGT–ENSO correlation and CGT spatial pattern is attributed to the remote impact of ENSO on CGT wave train through affecting ISM precipitation anomalies.
An investigation of the effects of the education given to teachers on food allergy and anaphylaxis management self-efficacy and level of knowledge
Authors: Aslan Gülpınar , Savcı Mağol Deniz Didem , Bakan Ayse Berivan Savcı 
Published: June 2024

Background: The most effective approach to food allergy management is to avoid consuming the specific allergens that trigger an allergic reaction. It is crucial to make school environments prepared for the potential of food allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which is a rare but documented outcome. The high prevalence of anaphylactic reactions in children makes food allergy and anaphylaxis management important topics in schools. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of food allergy and anaphylaxis management education on teachers’ food allergy and anaphylaxis management self-efficacy and level of knowledge in Türkiye. Methods: This study used a random experimental design with a pre-test and post-test group. The study was conducted with 84 teachers who worked in kindergartens (school year prior to starting Grade 1) and primary schools in a city centre in eastern Turkey between September 2022 and January 2023. Data were collected through a socio-demographic form and the Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Management Self-Efficacy Scale for School Personnel. Data analysis was performed using t-tests for independent groups, Chi-square tests and McNamara analyses. Results: The average age of the teachers was 31.08 ± 6.70 years, and the average years of experience in the profession was 6.68 ± 6.99 years. All the teachers wanted to learn about food allergy and anaphylaxis management, 59.5% did not know whether their schools had an emergency action plan for food allergy and anaphylaxis, 63.1% reported not having the necessary emergency treatment medicine for anaphylaxis in their school and 57.1% reported having no educated school personnel to administer the first intervention in case of a serious allergic reaction at school. While the mean scale score of the experimental group was 25.88 ± 7.26 before the training, it was 30.78 ± 6.98 after the training. While no differences were detected between the experimental and control groups’ pre-test scale mean scores, the experimental group’s post-test scale mean score was found to be statistically significantly higher ( d = 0.79, p < .05). The results also indicate that the rates of providing correct responses to questions regarding what the most common symptom in a student with a food allergy is, and what the first intervention should be when a serious reaction develops in a student, increased significantly level. Conclusions: This study found that the health education given to teachers led to an increase in teachers’ food allergy and anaphylaxis management self-efficacy.
Withdrawing versus Withholding Treatments in Medical Reimbursement Decisions: A Study on Public Attitudes
Authors: Strand Liam , Sandman Lars , Persson Emil , Andersson David , Nedlund Ann-Charlotte , Tinghög Gustav 
Published: June 2024

Background The use of policies in medical treatment reimbursement decisions, in which only future patients are affected, prompts a moral dilemma: is there an ethical difference between withdrawing and withholding treatment? Design Through a preregistered behavioral experiment involving 1,067 participants, we tested variations in public attitudes concerning withdrawing and withholding treatments at both the bedside and policy levels. Results In line with our first hypothesis, participants were more supportive of rationing decisions presented as withholding treatments compared with withdrawing treatments. Contrary to our second prestated hypothesis, participants were more supportive of decisions to withdraw treatment made at the bedside level compared with similar decisions made at the policy level. Implications Our findings provide behavioral insights that help explain the common use of policies affecting only future patients in medical reimbursement decisions, despite normative concerns of such policies. In addition, our results may have implications for communication strategies when making decisions regarding treatment reimbursement. Highlights We explore public’ attitudes toward withdrawing and withholding treatments and how the decision level (bedside or policy level) matters. People were more supportive of withholding medical treatment than of withdrawing equivalent treatment. People were more supportive of treatment withdrawal made at the bedside than at the policy level. Our findings help clarify why common-use policies, which impact only future patients in medical reimbursement decision, are implemented despite the normative concerns associted with thesepolicies.
Moral foundations, moral emotions, and moral distress in NICU nurses
Authors: Barr Peter 
Published: June 2024

Background Moral distress is common in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between NICU nurses’ moral foundations, moral emotions, and moral distress. Research design and method This is an observational cross-sectional self-report questionnaire study. Participants and research context One hundred and forty-two (24%) of 585 Level 3–4 NICU nurses completed pen-and-paper self-report measures of moral foundations (harm, fairness, ingroup, authority, and purity) (Moral Foundations Questionnaire-20), proneness to self-conscious moral emotions (guilt and shame) (modified Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2), and moral distress (futile care, compromised care, and untruthful care) (modified Revised Moral Distress Scale). Ethical considerations Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The ethics committees of the participating hospitals approved the study protocol (HREC Reference: LNR/18/SCHN/316). Results Non-parametric statistical analyses showed medium to large correlations between moral foundations and moral emotions. Moral foundations and moral emotions had trivial to small correlations with moral distress. Using a liberal p-value of <.10 for statistical significance because of the small sample size, harm ( rs = 0.22) and fairness ( rs = 0.16) predicted futile care, ingroup predicted compromised care ( rs = 0.19) and untruthful care ( rs = 0.15), and purity predicted untruthful care ( rs = 0.15). Guilt-proneness predicted futile care ( rs = 0.15). Shame-proneness did not predict moral distress. Conclusion The correlations between moral foundations and moral emotions were significant. Moral foundations and guilt-proneness predicted one or more dimensions of moral distress. The smaller than expected effect sizes may have been owing to how moral foundations, moral emotions, and moral distress were conceptualized and measured, or to moral disengagement, including NICU nurses’ possible reluctance to countenance aversive but morally warranted feelings of guilt and especially shame. Understanding the nature of these relationships may complement the efforts of NICU administrators, educators, counsellors, and nurses themselves to mitigate moral distress.
Study of Sexual Maturation in Children With Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Authors: Soni Krishna , Kaur Harvinder , Gupta Anju , Singh Surjit , Saha S. C. , Bhalla A. K. 
Published: June 2024

Objective: There is complete absence of sexual maturity data on patients afflicted with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDMS) from the Indian subcontinent. Hence, this study aimed to unfold the effect of this disease on the sexual development of JDMS children. Methods: In the Growth Laboratory/Clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, 60 (25 male and 35 female) sexual maturity-related observations were made on 35 JDMS patients, aged 10–17 years, enrolled from the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic. Breast development stage and age of onset of menarche were recorded among female patients. In male patients, besides, determining the genitalia development stage, measurement of stretched penile length and testicular volume was done. Appearance of pubic and axillary hair among JDMS patients of both sexes was recorded. Results: Most girls with JDMS (34.28%) were in breast development stage-B2 (mean age 10.91 ± 1.08 years) and 22.86% had attained menarche. However, breast stage B5 was attained at 14.62 ± 1.06 years. JDMS girls reached stage B2 at the same age as their normal healthy counterparts. Onset of menarche was delayed by almost a year in JDMS girls. Age of attainment of genitalia stage G2 in JDMS boys (12 years) was delayed by 6 months as compared to well-off Chandigarh boys (11.5 years), whereas it was advanced by 1.5 years when contrasted with affluent Indian counterparts (13.3 years). Conclusion: Comparable pubertal attainments in JDMS males and somewhat delayed start of menarche in female JDMS patients as compared to their normal counterparts show that disease activity has a smaller effect on the sexual development of JDMS patients from north-western India.
To evaluate the complication and patency rate of superficial femoral vein transposition in tertiary care center
Authors: Masood Bilal , Akhtar Hamza , Khan Junaid , Mir Shuah Ullah , Rehman Tanzeel Ur , Sindhi Yasir , Ahmed Abdirasak , Ali Bux , Sophie Ziad 
Published: June 2024

Introduction When all access options in the upper extremity have been exhausted, an autologous access can be created in lower extremity. The purpose of this study is to report our experience with superficial femoral vein transposition (SFVT) results in terms of postoperative complication and patency rate. Materials and Methods In the time period from January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2021, thirty-five cases of SFVT performed at our large tertiary care center Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT). All patients had exhausted upper arm veins or had central vein obstructions . Medical records of all patients were traced, patients were interviewed using a standard proforma and evaluated the current AVF function in the OPD clinic or by telephone calls. Data including demographics and postoperative complications were collected. Results Thirty-nine cases of SFVT performed at our institute. Three were immediately lost to follow up so they were excluded from the study. Mean patient age was 30 ± 13.4 years. Most of our patients were females (57%) and 15 males (43%) with an average age of 29.05 years. The most common underlying renal disease was unknown in 16 (45%).Thirty-five patients included in the analysis; out of which primary failure observed in 4 patients, three patients were expired before fistula maturation and 3 were expired before 6 months. The remaining 25 fistulas patency rates were estimated. No any patient died due to fistulas related complication; patients died due to their primary disease. Conclusion Our study shows that with appropriate patient selection, SFVT have low infection rates and patency that is comparable with other access types.
Inhibition of calcium-stimulated adenylyl cyclase subtype 1 (AC1) for the treatment of pain and anxiety symptoms in Parkinson’s disease mice model
Authors: Zhou Zhaoxiang , Chen Qi-Yu , Zhuo Min , Xu Ping-Yi 
Published: June 2024

Pain and anxiety are two common and undertreated non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), which affect the life quality of PD patients, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. As an important subtype of adenylyl cyclases (ACs), adenylyl cyclase subtype 1 (AC1) is critical for the induction of cortical long-term potentiation (LTP) and injury induced synaptic potentiation in the cortical areas including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insular cortex (IC). Genetic deletion of AC1 or pharmacological inhibition of AC1 improved chronic pain and anxiety in different animal models. In this study, we proved the motor deficit, pain and anxiety symptoms of PD in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice model. As a lead candidate AC1 inhibitor, oral administration (1 dose and seven doses) of NB001 (20 and 40 mg/kg) showed significant analgesic effect in MPTP-treated mice, and the anxiety behavior was also reduced (40 mg/kg). By using genetic knockout mice, we found that AC1 knockout mice showed reduced pain and anxiety symptoms after MPTP administration, but not AC8 knockout mice. In summary, genetic deletion of AC1 or pharmacological inhibition of AC1 improved pain and anxiety symptoms in PD model mice, but didn’t affect motor function. These results suggest that NB001 is a potential drug for the treatment of pain and anxiety symptoms in PD patients by inhibiting AC1 target.
Primary Motor Area Activity in Phantom Limb Imagery of Traumatic Unilateral Lower Limb Amputees With Phantom Limb Pain
Authors: Sugawara André Tadeu , De Pretto Lucas Ramos , Simis Marcel , Fregni Felipe , Battistella Linamara Rizzo 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Estimates of the worldwide increase in amputees raises the awareness to solve long-standing problems. Understanding the functional brain modifications after a lower limb amputation (LLA) is one of the first steps towards proposing new rehabilitation approaches. Functional modifications in the central nervous system due the amputation could be involved in prosthesis use failures and Phantom Limb Pain (PLP), increasing costs and overwhelming the health services. Objective: This study analyses orphan primary motor area (M1-Orphan) hemodynamic and metabolic behaviour, which previously controlled the limb that was amputated, in comparison with the M1-Preserved, responsible for the intact limb (IL) during phantom limb imagery moving during Mirror Therapy (MT), compared to Isolated Intact Limb Movement Task (I-ILMT). Methodology: A case-control study with unilateral traumatic LLA with moderate PLP who measured [oxy-Hb] and [deoxy-Hb] in the M1 area by Functional Near InfraredSpectroscopy (fNIRS) during the real (I-ILMT) and MT task. Results: Sixty-five patients, with 67.69% of men, young (40.32 ± 12.91), 65.63% amputated due motorcycle accidents, 4.71 ± 7.38 years ago, predominantly above the knee (57.14%). The M1 activation in the orphan cortex did not differ from the activation in the intact cortex during MT ( P > .05). Conclusion: The perception of the Phantom limb moving or intact limb moving is metabolically equivalent in M1, even in the absence of a limb. In other words, the amputation does not alter the brain metabolism in control of phantom movement.
Doppler Sonography Evaluation of Median Nerve Intraneural Blood Flow: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yao Buwen , Yang Luming , Evans Kevin D. , Roll Shawn C. 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This systematic review aims to determine the extent, scope, and nature of research using the sonographic measurement of intraneural blood flow within the median nerve and to identify, characterize, and compare image acquisition and analysis protocols that have been reported as potential candidate techniques for standardizing research and clinical applications. Materials and Methods: This systematic review summarizes image acquisition protocols and analysis methodologies from 52 current research studies using Doppler ultrasound to examine median nerve intraneural blood flow. Results: Four types of Doppler technologies were identified: power Doppler, color Doppler, spectral Doppler, and Superb Microvascular Imaging, but there were inconsistencies in how images were acquired and analyzed. Intraneural blood flow measurements were categorized into four types based on a combination of measurement level (e.g., binary, ordinal, continuous) and type of flow indicator (e.g., pixel count, intensity, velocity). Conclusion: Standardized imaging protocols and reporting guidelines are needed to improve consistency. Future studies should evaluate the accuracy and reliability of different image acquisition methods and analysis measurements.
Entourage: all-in-one sequence analysis software for genome assembly, virus detection, virus discovery, and intrasample variation profiling
Authors: Phumiphanjarphak Worakorn , Aiewsakun Pakorn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Pan-virus detection, and virome investigation in general, can be challenging, mainly due to the lack of universally conserved genetic elements in viruses. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing can offer a promising solution to this problem by providing an unbiased overview of the microbial community, enabling detection of any viruses without prior target selection. However, a major challenge in utilising metagenomic next-generation sequencing for virome investigation is that data analysis can be highly complex, involving numerous data processing steps.

Results
Here, we present Entourage to address this challenge. Entourage enables short-read sequence assembly, viral sequence search with or without reference virus targets using contig-based approaches, and intrasample sequence variation quantification. Several workflows are implemented in Entourage to facilitate end-to-end virus sequence detection analysis through a single command line, from read cleaning, sequence assembly, to virus sequence searching. The results generated are comprehensive, allowing for thorough quality control, reliability assessment, and interpretation. We illustrate Entourage's utility as a streamlined workflow for virus detection by employing it to comprehensively search for target virus sequences and beyond in raw sequence read data generated from HeLa cell culture samples spiked with viruses. Furthermore, we showcase its flexibility and performance on a real-world dataset by analysing a preassembled Tara Oceans dataset. Overall, our results show that Entourage performs well even with low virus sequencing depth in single digits, and it can be used to discover novel viruses effectively. Additionally, by using sequence data generated from a patient with chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection, we demonstrate Entourage's capability to quantify virus intrasample genetic variations, and generate publication-quality figures illustrating the results.

Conclusions
Entourage is an all-in-one, versatile, and streamlined bioinformatics software for virome investigation, developed with a focus on ease of use. Entourage is available at https://codeberg.org/CENMIG/Entourage under the MIT license.
Optimization of a deep mutational scanning workflow to improve quantification of mutation effects on protein–protein interactions
Authors: Bendel Alexandra M , Skendo Kristjana , Klein Dominique , Shimada Kenji , Kauneckaite-Griguole Kotryna , Diss Guillaume 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeep Mutational Scanning (DMS) assays are powerful tools to study sequence-function relationships by measuring the effects of thousands of sequence variants on protein function. During a DMS experiment, several technical artefacts might distort non-linearly the functional score obtained, potentially biasing the interpretation of the results. We therefore tested several technical parameters in the deepPCA workflow, a DMS assay for protein–protein interactions, in order to identify technical sources of non-linearities. We found that parameters common to many DMS assays such as amount of transformed DNA, timepoint of harvest and library composition can cause non-linearities in the data. Designing experiments in a way to minimize these non-linear effects will improve the quantification and interpretation of mutation effects.