bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the factors influencing nutritional literacy based on the socioecological model among patients with age-related macular degeneration: a qualitative study from China
Authors: Luo Peilin , Zhang Feng , Li Xin , Wan Junli , Bian Wei 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesAlthough nutritional support is beneficial to the visual rehabilitation of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a large gap continues to exist between the relevant guidelines and the actual practices of AMD patients; this gap can be attributed to a lack of nutritional literacy. Therefore, this study explored the factors affecting nutritional literacy among AMD patients.DesignA qualitative study was carried out based on individual in-person interviews with 15 AMD patients; a semistructured interview guide was used for data collection. The socioecological model (SEM) was employed for data analysis.SettingThe Southwest Hospital in Chongqing Province, China.ParticipantsA purposive sample of 15 AMD patients was recruited between May and June 2023.ResultsThe social ecosystem of patients with AMD has not been positive. At the intrapersonal level, the factors affecting the nutritional literacy of such patients are lack of knowledge, nutrition self-efficacy, economic burdens, dietary preferences and health status. At the interpersonal level, the factors that can influence patients’ nutritional literacy are social support and social roles. At the institutional level, the relevant factors are doctor–patient trust and interdisciplinary-team consistency. Finally, at the policy level, a powerful factor is the large gap between policy and implementation.DiscussionNutritional literacy focuses on the changes in an individual’s knowledge and behaviour concerning nutrition. To inform the development of nutritional-literacy interventions for people with AMD, medical staff should consider multiple perspectives that can remove the barriers to the SEM at all levels.
Eight years into the horizon of aspirational maternal and newborn health
pledges: a nationwide cross-sectional exploration of the Burundian EmONC
network capacity and budget deficits
Authors: Habonimana Desire , Leckcivilize Attakrit , Nicodemo Catia , Nzorironkankuze Jean Baptiste , Ndacayisaba Ananie , Bishinga Aristide , Ndayisenga Jeanine , Niane Eugenie Siga Diane , Bazikamwe Sylvestre , Ndabashinze† Pontien , English Mike 
Published: May 2024

Objective
The Burundian emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC)
programme, which was initiated in 2017 and supported by a specific
policy, does not appear to reverse maternal and newborn mortality
trends. Our study examined the capacity challenges facing participating
EmONC facilities and developed alternative investment proposals to
improve their readiness paying particular attention to EmONC
professionals, physical infrastructure, and capital equipment.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Burundian EmONC facilities (n=112).

Participants
We examined EmONC policy documents, consulted 12 maternal and
newborn health experts and 23 stakeholders and policymakers, surveyed
all EmONC facilities (n=112), and collected cost data from the Ministry
of Health and local suppliers in Burundi. We developed three
context-specific EmONC resource benchmark standards by facility type;
the Burundian policy norms and the expert minimum and maximum suggested
thresholds; and used these alternatives to estimate EmONC resource gaps.
We forecasted three corresponding budget estimates needed to address
prevailing deficits taking a government perspective for a 5-year EmONC
investment strategy. Additionally, we explored relationships between
EmONC professionals and selected measures of service delivery using
bivariate analyses and graphically.

Results
The lowest EmONC resource benchmark revealed that 95% of basic EmONC
and all comprehensive EmONC facilities lack corresponding sets of human
resources and 90% of all facilities need additional physical
infrastructure and capital equipment. Assessed against the highest
benchmark which proposes the most progressive set of standards for the
prevailing workloads, Burundi would require 162 more medical doctors,
1005 midwives and nurses, 132 delivery rooms, 191 delivery tables, 678
and 156 maternity and newborn care beds, and 395 incubators amounting to
US$32.9 million additional budget for 5 years.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that Burundian EmONC facilities face enormous
capacity challenges equivalent to US$32.9 million funding gap for 5
years; averagely approximating to 5.96% total health budget increase
annually.
Efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for long COVID: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yuxin , Lin Jingnan , Gao Jiazhu , Tang Lijuan , Liu Yuntao , Zhang Zhongde 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThere is still a lack of therapeutic options for long COVID. Several studies have shown the benefit of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on long COVID. However, the efficacy and safety of HBOT for long COVID remain unclear. Therefore, we will conduct this systematic review to assess the feasibility of HBOT as a primary or complemental therapy for long COVID.Methods and analysisDatabases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SINOMED, VIP Database and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry will be searched systematically from the establishment to 9 December 2023. All articles will be reviewed by two independent reviewers. Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias in the study. We will evaluate heterogeneity using a visual inspection of the funnel plot. If an available number of studies are identified, we will perform a meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required since this study is based on published articles. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated through conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023482523.
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity during neurorehabilitation for severe acquired brain injury: current Scandinavian practice and Delphi consensus recommendations
Authors: Godbolt Alison K , Zampakas Alexandros , Nygren Deboussard Catharina 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo document current practice and develop consensus recommendations for the assessment and treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) during rehabilitation after severe acquired brain injury.DesignDelphi consensus process with three rounds, based on the Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) guidelines, led by three convenors (the authors) with an expert panel. Round 1 was exploratory, with consensus defined before round 2 as agreement of at least 75% of the panel.SettingA working group within the Nordic Network for Neurorehabilitation.Panel participantsTwenty specialist physicians, from Sweden (9 participants), Norway (7) and Denmark (4), all working clinically with patients with severe acquired brain injury and with current involvement in clinical decisions regarding PSH.ResultsConsensus was reached for 21 statements on terminology, assessment and principles for pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, including some guidance on specific drugs. From these, an algorithm to support clinical decisions at all stages of inpatient rehabilitation was created.ConclusionsConsiderable consensus exists in the Nordic countries regarding principles for PSH assessment and treatment. An interdisciplinary approach is needed. Improved documentation and collation of data on treatment given during routine clinical practice are needed as a basis for improving care until sufficiently robust research exists to guide treatment choices.
Smoking, nicotine and pregnancy 2 (SNAP2) trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of an intervention to improve adherence to nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy
Authors: Clark Miranda M , Cooper Sue , Naughton Felix , Ussher Michael , Emery Joanne , McDaid Lisa , Thomson Ross , Phillips Lucy , Bauld Linda , Aveyard Paul , Torgerson David , Berlin Ivan , Lewis Sarah , Parrott Steve , Hewitt Catherine , Welch Charlie , Parkinson Gill , Dickinson Anne , Sutton Stephen , Brimicombe James , Bowker Katharine , McEwen Andrew , Vedhara Kavita , Coleman Tim 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSmoking during pregnancy is harmful to unborn babies, infants and women. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is offered as the usual stop-smoking support in the UK. However, this is often used in insufficient doses, intermittently or for too short a time to be effective. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) explores whether a bespoke intervention, delivered in pregnancy, improves adherence to NRT and is effective and cost-effective for promoting smoking cessation.Methods and analysisA two-arm parallel-group RCT was conducted for pregnant women aged ≥16 years and who smoke ≥1 daily cigarette (pre-pregnancy smoked ≥5) and who agree to use NRT in an attempt to quit. Recruitment is from antenatal care settings and via social media adverts. Participants are randomised using blocked randomisation with varying block sizes, stratified by gestational age (<14 or ≥14 weeks) to receive: (1) usual care (UC) for stop smoking support or (2) UC plus an intervention to increase adherence to NRT, called ‘Baby, Me and NRT’ (BMN), comprising adherence counselling, automated tailored text messages, a leaflet and website. The primary outcome is biochemically validated smoking abstinence at or around childbirth, measured from 36 weeks gestation. Secondary outcomes include NRT adherence, other smoking measures and birth outcomes. Questionnaires collect follow-up data augmented by medical record information. We anticipate quit rates of 10% and 16% in the control and intervention groups, respectively (risk ratio=1.6). By recruiting 1320 participants, the trial should have 90% power (alpha=5%) to detect this intervention effect. An economic analysis will use the Economics of Smoking in Pregnancy model to determine cost-effectiveness.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by Bloomsbury National Health Service’s Research Ethics Committee (21/LO/0123). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Findings will be disseminated to the public, funders, relevant practice/policy representatives, researchers and participants.Trial registration numberISRCTN16830506.Protocol version5.0, 10 Oct 2023.
Outcomes and safety of endovascular treatment from 6 to 24 hours in patients with a pre-stroke moderate disability (mRS 3): a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Maestrini Ilaria , Rocchi Lorenzo , Diana Francesco , Requena Ruiz Manuel , Elosua-Bayes Iker , Ribo Marc , Abdalkader Mohamad , Klein Piers , Gabrieli Joseph D , Alexandre Andrea M , Pedicelli Alessandro , Lacidogna Giordano , Ciullo Ilaria , Marnat Gaultier , Cester Giacomo , Broccolini Aldobrando , Nguyen Thanh N , Tomasello Alejandro , Garaci Francesco , Diomedi Marina , Da Ros Valerio 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundApproximately 30% of patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion have pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores ≥2. We aimed to investigate the safety and outcomes of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with AIS with moderate pre-stroke disability (mRS score 3) in an extended time frame (ie, 6–24 hours from the last time known well).MethodsData were collected from five centers in Europe and the USA from January 2018 to January 2023 and included 180 patients who underwent EVT in an extended time frame. Patients were divided into two groups of 90 each (Group 1: pre-mRS 0–2; Group 2: pre-mRS 3; 71% women, mean age 80.3±11.9 years). Primary outcomes were: (1) 3-month good clinical outcome (Group 1: mRS 0–2, Group 2: mRS 0–3) and ΔmRS; (2) any hemorrhagic transformation (HT); and (3) symptomatic HT. Secondary outcomes were successful and complete recanalization after EVT and 3-month mortality.ResultsNo between-group differences were found in the 3-month good clinical outcome (26.6% vs 25.5%, P=0.974), any HT (26.6% vs 22%, P=0.733), and symptomatic HT (8.9 vs 4.4%, P=0.232). Unexpectedly, ΔmRS was significantly smaller in Group 2 compared with Group 1 (1.64±1.61 vs 2.97±1.69, P<0.001). No between-group differences were found in secondary outcomes.ConclusionPatients with pre-stroke mRS 3 are likely to have similar outcomes after EVT in the extended time frame to those with pre-stroke mRS 0–2, with no difference in safety.
A practical synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of (E)-4-(1-naphthylvinyl)pyridine and related compounds
Authors: Moffat James G.D. , Pham-Tran Victoria N.P. , Marczenko Katherine M. 
Published: May 2024

The synthesis, structure, and photoreactivity of (E)-4-(1-naphthylvinyl)pyridine ((E)-4-1-nvp; 1) and its coordination compounds have been investigated. Synthesis of (1) via Wittig olefination resulted in a challenging isomer separation and purification process. By synthesizing (1) via a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction, high stereoselectivity and purity were achieved. The crystal structure of (1) revealed significant intramolecular rotation facilitated by CH···π interactions, ultimately preventing olefin stacking in both the solid-state structure of (1) and a cocrystal with a structural isomer. Novel Ag(I) and Zn(II) coordination complexes that utilize (1) as a ligand were also synthesized and fully characterized, facilitating the examination of the relationship between molecular planarity and secondary bonding contributions via Hirshfeld surface analyses. These findings deepen our understanding of intermolecular interactions involving (E)-4-1-nvp and offer insights for designing novel photoresponsive materials capable of solid-state [2 + 2] cycloaddition.
The Yellowknife greenstone belt and underlying Central Slave Cover Group, Slave craton, Canada: constraints and questions arising from a U–Pb dating study
Authors: Ketchum John W.F. , Bleeker Wouter , Falck Hendrik , Jackson Valerie A. 
Published: May 2024

Legacy U–Pb isotopic data are reported for the Mesoarchean Central Slave Cover Group and Neoarchean Yellowknife greenstone belt, Slave craton, Northwest Territories, Canada. In two locations north of the City of Yellowknife, exposures of cover group rocks occur beneath mafic volcanic and subvolcanic units traditionally assigned to the basal Chan Formation of the Kam Group. Both cover group occurrences contain felsic volcanic tuff units that yield eruption ages of 2853 + 2/−1.5 Ma and 2826 ± 1.5 Ma. The younger tuff is underlain by felsic volcaniclastic schist with a dominant, basement-aged detrital zircon population that was deposited after 2840 ± 6 Ma. Near the south end of the exposed greenstone belt, a felsic tuff within the Octopus Formation provides an age of 2699 ± 3 Ma, confirming that this formation is not part of the Central Slave Cover Group. A pillowed basalt flow within the Chan Formation is cut by a composite gabbro dyke dated as 2738 +3.5/−3 Ma. However, a more general ca. 2730–2740 Ma age interpretation for this dyke may be appropriate due to the potential for complex lead loss behaviour in the dated baddeleyite fractions. Younger U–Pb zircon and monazite ages reported herein (2710–2706 Ma) contribute to our understanding of felsic magmatic and gold-mineralizing events that influenced later development of the Yellowknife greenstone belt. Although the depositional history of the autochthonous Central Slave Cover Group is becoming better known, questions remain regarding the age and tectonomagmatic affinity of adjacent mafic volcanic rocks traditionally assigned to the Kam Group and correlative assemblages. Are some of these rocks actually part of the Central Slave Cover Group?
Fermion-soliton scattering in a modified $$\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{1}$$ model
Authors: Loginov A. Yu. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe scattering of fermions in the background field of a topological soliton of the modified $$(2 + 1)$$

(
2
+
1
)

-dimensional $$\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{1}$$

C

P

1

model is studied here both analytically and numerically. Unlike the original $$\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{1}$$

C

P

1

model, the Lagrangian of the modified model contains a potential term. Due to this, a dilatation zero mode of the topological soliton disappears, which results in stability of the fermion-soliton system. The symmetry properties of the fermion-soliton system are established, and the asymptotic forms of fermionic radial wave functions are studied. Questions related to the bound states of the fermion-soliton system are then discussed. General formulae describing the scattering of fermions are presented. The amplitudes of the fermion-soliton scattering are obtained in an analytical form within the framework of the Born approximation, and their symmetry properties and asymptotic forms are studied. The energy levels of the fermionic bound states and the partial phase shifts of fermionic scattering are obtained by numerical methods, and the ultrarelativistic limits of the partial phase shifts are found.
A Closer Look into IPFS: Accessibility, Content, and Performance
Authors: Shi Ruizhe , Cheng Ruizhi , Han Bo , Cheng Yue , Chen Songqing 
Published: May 2024

The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) has recently gained considerable attention. While prior research has focused on understanding its performance characterization and application support, it remains unclear: (1) what kind of files/content are stored in IPFS, (2) who are providing these files, (3) are these files always accessible, and (4) what affects the file access performance.
To answer these questions, in this paper, we perform measurement and analysis on over 4 million files associated with CIDs (content IDs) that appeared in publicly available IPFS datasets. Our results reveal the following key findings: (1) Mixed file accessibility: while IPFS is not designed for a permanent storage, accessing a non-trivial portion of files, such as those of NFTs and video streams, often requires multiple retrieval attempts, potentially blocking NFT transactions and negatively affecting the user experience. (2) Dominance of NFT (non-fungible token) and video files: about 50% of stored files are NFT-related, followed by a large portion of video files, among which about half are pirated movies and adult content. (3) Centralization of content providers: a small number of peers (top-50), mostly cloud nodes hosted by tech companies, serve a large portion (95%) of files, deviating from IPFS's intended design goal. (4) High variation of downloading throughput and lookup time: large file retrievals experience lower average throughput due to more overhead for resolving file chunk CIDs, and looking up files hosted by non-cloud nodes takes longer. We hope that our findings can offer valuable insights for (1) IPFS application developers to take into consideration these characteristics when building applications on top of IPFS, and (2) IPFS system developers to improve IPFS and similar systems to be developed for Web3.
Improving the exploitability of Simulated Adiabatic Bifurcation through a flexible and open-source digital architecture
Authors: Volpe Deborah , Cirillo Giovanni Amedeo , Zamboni Maurizio , Graziano Mariagrazia , Turvani Giovanna 
Published: May 2024

Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems exhibit exponential complexity, constraining classical computers from providing fast and satisfactory outcomes. Quantum Computers (QCs) can effectively find optimal or near-optimal solutions by exploring the solutions space of a problem encoded in a qubits system, exploiting principles of quantum mechanics. However, non-idealities and high costs limit their availability. These can be overcome by emulating QCs on cheaper and more accessible classical computing platforms, like Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
This article presents a digital architecture, implementing the Ising-compatible Simulated Adiabatic Bifurcation algorithm. It mimics the quantum adiabatic evolution of a network of non-linear Kerr oscillators. The architecture, described in VHDL and targeting FPGAs, consists of processing elements for computing the Kerr oscillators’ evolution, a set of units considering their Ising-related interactions and an evolution variables update unit. The proposed approach includes a speedup-targeting approximation of the algorithm, a method for handling single-variable constraints, and a software model that allows architecture customization for specific problems. Tests were conducted using an Altera Cyclone V SoC with FPGA logic and the Nios II processor for interface purposes. The results demonstrate the functionality of the architecture and its scalability with the problem size, making it suitable for real-world applications.
Cosmogorama bakongo e brujo-chamanismo como alternativas críticas a modernidade eurocentrada na América Latina
Authors: Mendes Rogerio 
Published: May 2024

Ao presentar como operam e sistematizam-se as cosmogonias e as cosmovisões originárias e africanas no continente americano pretende-se dispor de sensibilidades capazes de articular o pensamento ancestral como alternativa crítica à Modernidade Eurocentrada. A partir do conceito cimarronaje (Mendes, 2019) brujo-chamaniusmo (Busso, 2011)o estudo apresenta a ideia de resistência ancestral como eixos que fundamentam pensamento crítico a partir da redefinição entre humanidade e natureza ao mesmo tempo que firmaria marcos teóricos genuínos e criticidade orgânica em acordo experiência histórica. O objetivo seria o de promover impulsos para o desenvolvimento de projetos críticos (éticos) e criativos (estéticos) baseados na relevância dos povos originários e afrodescendentes no processo de formação das sociedades latino-americanas. Espera-se, com isso, contribuir para ajustes e avanços de uma Historiografia e Crítica Literária Latino-Americana comprometida com os fundamentos de sua representatividade histórica e Educação.
A Georgian Embassy to Spain and Rome (1495–1497) and Lithuanian Diplomacy
Authors: Korogodina Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Constantine II, King of Kartli, sent an embassy to Queen Isabella of Castile and Pope Alexander VI in 1495 in the hope of concluding an anti-Ottoman alliance. On the way back, the ambassadors visited the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, where two letters from King Constantine II were translated. One of them, addressed to Pope Alexander VI, has so far remained unknown. The discovery of this letter, and the study and edition of its text, which are the subject of this paper, allow us to fill in the gaps in information about the Georgian embassy and to understand more accurately the interests and aspirations of European sovereigns, including far beyond the borders of Georgia and the Vatican.
Making Something Out of (Almost) Nothing?
Authors: Botticelli Veronica 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With an ever-increasing number of reports denouncing systematic mistreatments against Uyghurs and other Muslim ethnic minorities detained in Xinjiang ‘re-education’ camps, the time is ripe for the international community to explore possible judicial and quasi-judicial avenues to hold China to account. Excluding from the present analysis unilateral sanctions, as well as possible investigations and proceedings before international criminal tribunals, this article focuses on the role of inter-State human rights communications in securing justice. Given China’s enduring reluctance to engage in dispute settlement mechanisms – particularly by formulating reservations to compromissory clauses enshrined in human rights treaties –, the quest for accountability poses significant challenges. By broadening the inquiry to alternative avenues, such as the inter-State quasi-judicial communication procedure under both the icerd and the ilo’s Constitution, as well as addressing the feasibility of requesting an icj’s advisory opinion as an inter-State case in disguise, it is still possible to envisage narrow pathways that might be worth pursuing.