bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lattice Oxygen Activation through Deep Oxidation of Co4N by Jahn–Teller–Active Dopants for Improved Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Han Jingrui , Wang Haibin , Wang Yuting , Zhang Hao , Li Jun , Xia Yujian , Zhou Jieshu , Wang Ziyun , Luo Mingchuan , Wang Yuhang , Wang Ning , Cortés Emiliano , Wang Zumin , Vomiero Alberto , Huang Zhen‐Feng , Ren Hangxing , Yuan Xianming , Chen Songhua , Feng Donghui , Sun Xuhui , Liu Yongchang , Liang Hongyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTriggering the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism is crucial for improving oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, because it could bypass the scaling relation limitation associated with the conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism through the direct formation of oxygen–oxygen bond. High‐valence transition metal sites are favorable for activating the lattice oxygen, but the deep oxidation of pre‐catalysts suffers from a high thermodynamic barrier. Here, taking advantage of the Jahn–Teller (J–T) distortion induced structural instability, we incorporate high‐spin Mn3+ (
) dopant into Co4N. Mn dopants enable a surface structural transformation from Co4N to CoOOH, and finally to CoO2, as observed by various in situ spectroscopic investigations. Furthermore, the reconstructed surface on Mn‐doped Co4N triggers the lattice oxygen activation, as evidenced experimentally by pH‐dependent OER, tetramethylammonium cation adsorption and online electrochemical mass spectrometry measurements of 18O‐labelled catalysts. In general, this work not only offers the introducing J–T effect approach to regulate the structural transition, but also provides an understanding about the influence of the catalyst's electronic configuration on determining the reaction route, which may inspire the design of more efficient catalysts with activated lattice oxygen.
Synergistic antibacterial and anticancer activity in gadolinium–chitosan nanocomposite films: A novel approach for biomedical applications
Authors: Khalil Khaled D. , Bashal Ali H. , Habeeb Talaat , Abu‐Dief Ahmed M. 
Published: May 2024

Driven by the continuous search for materials with antibacterial and anticancer applications, this study focuses on the fabrication of nanocomposite films using chitosan as the basis material, with the addition of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles at varying weight percentages (5 and 10 wt.% Gd2O3/CS). The films were made using the coprecipitation‐solution cast approach. The structural characteristics of the Gd2O3/CS films that were formed were investigated and confirmed using a range of analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The X‐ray diffraction study provided unambiguous evidence of an increased degree of crystallinity in chitosan with the inclusion of gadolinia. The particle size was determined using the Debye–Scherrer formula, resulting in an estimated value of 36 nm. Following this, a thorough examination was undertaken to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness against one strain of Gram‐positive bacteria and two strains of Gram‐negative bacteria. Our research has revealed that the efficacy of the inspected Gd2O3/CS as bactericides is superior to that of CS alone. Furthermore, the MCF‐7, HCT‐116, and HepG‐2 cell lines exhibited anticancer activity when exposed to the Gd2O3/CS nanocomposites. In addition, nanocomposites exhibit significant antioxidant activity in comparison with the conventional vitamin C. These findings provide evidence for the viability of our nanocomposites in combating breast cancer.
Long‐Term Follow‐Up of Anti‐Infliximab Antibodies in Patients With Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Marker of Drug Survival and Tapering
Authors: Pimentel Clarissa Q. , Medeiros‐Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Shimabuco Andrea Y. , Sampaio‐Barros Percival D. , Moraes Júlio César B. , Schainberg Claudia G. , Gonçalves Celio Roberto , Leon Elaine P. , Kupa Léonard De Vinci K. , Pasoto Sandra G. , Aikawa Nádia E. , Silva Clovis A. , Bonfa Eloisa , Saad Carla G. S. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of anti‐infliximab (IFX) antibodies on three different points of care: response/tolerance to IFX, tapering strategy, and in a subsequent treatment with a second tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi).MethodsA prospective cohort of 60 patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis who received IFX were evaluated retrospectively regarding clinical/laboratorial data, IFX levels, and anti‐IFX antibodies at baseline, after 6, 12 to 14, 22 to 24, 48 to 54, 96 to 102 weeks, and before tapering or switching.ResultsAnti‐IFX antibodies were detected in 27 patients (45%), of whom 23 (85.1%) became positive in the first year of IFX treatment. In comparison to the group that was negative for anti‐IFX antibodies, patients who were positive for anti‐IFX antibodies demonstrated the following: less use of methotrexate as a concomitant treatment to IFX (5 [18.5%] vs 14 [42.4%]; P = 0.048), more infusion reactions at 22 to 24 weeks (P = 0.020) and 48 to 54 weeks (P = 0.034), more treatment failures (P = 0.028) at 48 to 54 weeks, reduced overall IFX survival (P < 0.001), and lower sustained responses (P = 0.044). Of note, patients who were positive for anti‐IFX antibodies exhibited a shorter tapering survival (9.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0–15.8] vs 63.4 months [95% CI 27.9–98.8]; P = 0.004) in comparison with patients who were negative for anti‐IFX antibodies. Conversely, for patients who failed IFX, patients who were positive for anti‐IFX antibodies had better clinical response to the second TNFi at three months (15 [83.3%] vs 3 [27.3%]; P = 0.005) and six months (15 [83.3%] vs 4 [36.4%]; P = 0.017) than the patients who were negative for anti‐IFX antibodies after switching.ConclusionThis study provided novel data that anti‐IFX antibodies is a parameter for reduced tapering survival, reinforcing its detection to guide clinical decision. Additionally, we confirmed in a long‐term cohort the anti‐IFX antibody association with worse IFX performance and as predictor of the second TNFi good clinical response.
Commemoration of body donors in a religiously diverse society: A tale of two Korean medical schools
Authors: Oh Sae‐Ock , Bay Boon Huat , Kim Hee‐Jin , Lee Hye Yeon , Yoon Sik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough a diversity of religions exists in South Korea, with Buddhism and Christianity (Protestantism and Catholicism) being the two main faiths, Korean beliefs are deeply rooted in Confucianism. Despite the notion that the Confucian norm of filial piety discourages body donation to medical science, there has been a mindset shift in favor of body donation, driven by a heightened awareness of the body bequest programs and the care and dignity accorded to the altruistic body donors, together with the institution of commemorative services to honor them. As spirituality and religion are known to be factors that influence body donation, how religious‐ and non‐religious‐based memorial services are held to honor the donors as exemplified by two Korean medical schools—from a public university with no religious affiliation and from a Protestant‐based university—are described here. The key concept of expressing gratitude and respect for the donors and their family members has positively impacted body bequest programs in this multi‐religious society. Commemorative services held to pay tribute to the altruistic body donors may play an important role in inspiring a humanistic spirit in students, regardless of religious or non‐religious beliefs, as exemplified by the two Korean medical schools. The takeaway here is that the elevation of spirituality in memorial services effectively resonates with society, thereby demonstrating the impact of spiritual principles independent of religious influence.
Luftporenbeton mit superabsorbierenden Polymeren (SAP) Teil 2
Authors: Schack Tobias , Dittmar Sebastian , Schauerte Matthias , Mazanec Oliver , Haist Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSuperabsorbierende Polymere (SAP) stellen als multifunktionales, pulverförmiges Betonzusatzmittel eine Alternative zu klassischen LP‐Bildnern zur Einführung eines künstlichen Luftporensystems in den Festbeton dar. Neben einer Steigerung des Frost‐ und Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstands führt das künstlich eingeführte Luftporensystem auch zu veränderten mechanischen und dauerhaftigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften. Dabei gilt es, besonders das von den SAP gespeicherte und während der Hydratation langsam abgegebene Wasser zu beachten. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags werden systematische Untersuchungen zur Anwendung von superabsorbierenden Polymeren in Luftporenbeton als Alternative zum klassischen LP‐Bildner beschrieben und diskutiert. Es werden sowohl die mechanischen Eigenschaften als auch die Dauerhaftigkeit der Betone betrachtet. Mit superabsorbierenden Polymeren (SAP) können bei einer zusätzlichen Saugwasserdosierung von 50 M.–% der maximalen Sorptionsfähigkeit der SAP Luftporenbetone mit vergleichbaren bis hin zu verbesserten mechanischen und dauerhaftigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften gegenüber Betonen mit klassischem Luftporenbildner (auf Basis von Wurzelharz) hergestellt werden.
Valid instrumental variable selection method using negative control outcomes and constructing efficient estimator
Authors: Orihara Shunichiro , Goto Atsushi , Taguri Masataka 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn observational studies, instrumental variable (IV) methods are commonly applied when there are unmeasured covariates. In Mendelian randomization, constructing an allele score using many single nucleotide polymorphisms is often implemented; however, estimating biased causal effects by including some invalid IVs poses some risks. Invalid IVs are those IV candidates that are associated with unobserved variables. To solve this problem, we developed a novel strategy using negative control outcomes (NCOs) as auxiliary variables. Using NCOs, we are able to select only valid IVs and exclude invalid IVs without knowing which of the instruments are invalid. We also developed a new two‐step estimation procedure and proved the semiparametric efficiency of our estimator. The performance of our proposed method was superior to some previous methods through simulations. Subsequently, we applied the proposed method to the UK Biobank dataset. Our results demonstrate that the use of an auxiliary variable, such as an NCO, enables the selection of valid IVs with assumptions different from those used in previous methods.
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 relieves inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in hippocampus of western diet‐fed rats by modulation of systemic inflammation
Authors: Mazzoli Arianna , Spagnuolo Maria Stefania , De Palma Francesca , Petecca Natasha , Di Porzio Angela , Barrella Valentina , Troise Antonio Dario , Culurciello Rosanna , De Pascale Sabrina , Scaloni Andrea , Mauriello Gianluigi , Iossa Susanna , Cigliano Luisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe consumption of western diets, high in fats and sugars, is a crucial contributor to brain molecular alterations, cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a mandatory challenge is the individuation of strategies capable of preventing diet‐induced impairment of brain physiology. A promising strategy might consist in the administration of probiotics that are known to influence brain function via the gut‐brain axis. In this study, we explored whether Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri)‐based approach can counteract diet‐induced neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy in hippocampus, an area involved in learning and memory, in rat fed a high fat and fructose diet. The western diet induced a microbiota reshaping, but L. reuteri neither modulated this change, nor the plasma levels of short‐chain fatty acids. Interestingly, pro‐inflammatory signaling pathway activation (increased NFkB phosphorylation, raised amounts of toll‐like receptor‐4, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐6, GFAP, and Haptoglobin), as well as activation of ERS (increased PERK and eif2α phosphorylation, higher C/EBP‐homologous protein amounts) and autophagy (increased beclin, P62‐sequestosome‐1, and LC3 II) was revealed in hippocampus of western diet fed rats. All these hippocampal alterations were prevented by L. reuteri administration, showing for the first time a neuroprotective role of this specific probiotic strain, mainly attributable to its ability to regulate western diet‐induced metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, as decreased levels of lipopolysaccharide, plasma cytokines, and adipokines were also found. Therapeutic strategies based on the use of L. reuteri DSM17938 could be beneficial in reversing metabolic syndrome‐mediated brain dysfunction and cognitive decline.
Enhancing erythromycin production in Saccharopolyspora erythraea through rational engineering and fermentation refinement: A Design‐Build‐Test‐Learn approach
Authors: Shao Minghao , Xu Feng , Ke Xiang , Huang Mingzhi , Chu Ju 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndustrial production of bioactive compounds from actinobacteria, such as erythromycin and its derivatives, faces challenges in achieving optimal yields. To this end, the Design‐Build‐Test‐Learn (DBTL) framework, a systematic metabolic engineering approach, was employed to enhance erythromycin production in Saccharopolyspora erythraea (S. erythraea) E3 strain. A genetically modified strain, S. erythraea E3‐CymRP21‐dcas9‐sucC (S. erythraea CS), was developed by suppressing the sucC gene using an inducible promoter and dcas9 protein. The strain exhibited improved erythromycin synthesis, attributed to enhanced precursor synthesis and increased NADPH availability. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed altered central carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and co‐factor/vitamin metabolism in CS. Augmented amino acid metabolism led to nitrogen depletion, potentially causing cellular autolysis during later fermentation stages. By refining the fermentation process through ammonium sulfate supplementation, erythromycin yield reached 1125.66 mg L−1, a 43.5% increase. The results demonstrate the power of the DBTL methodology in optimizing erythromycin production, shedding light on its potential for revolutionizing antibiotic manufacturing in response to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance.
Efficient tobacco rattle virus‐induced gene editing in tomato mediated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Wang Qiong , Zhang Dan , Dai Yu‐Ru , Liu Chao‐Chao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlant virus‐based sgRNA delivery strategy has been widely applied for efficient genome editing across various plant species, leveraging its significant advantages in the rapid expression and expansion of sgRNA through virus replication and movement. However, the efficacy of the virus‐induced gene editing (VIGE) tool in tomato has yet to be explored. In this paper, we established a TRV‐mediated CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system in the somatic cells of tomato, reporting the validation of VIGE and evaluating the mutagenesis efficiency in both tomato leaves and fruits using high‐throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated an approximate 65% efficiency of VIGE in tomato leaves for the selected target genes, with VIGE efficiency reaching up to 50% in tomato fruits. This research not only introduces an efficient tool for reverse genetics but also reveals substantial potential of VIGE in surpassing traditional tissue culture techniques for creating heritable mutations in tomato.
Encapsulation of gingerol into nanoliposomes: Evaluation of in vitro anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer activity
Authors: Alshaikh Fatima , Al‐Samydai Ali , Issa Reem , Alshaer Walhan , Alqaraleh Moath , Al‐Halaseh Lidia K. , Alsanabrah Alaa , Ghanim Bayan Y. , Al Azzam Khaldun M. , Qinna Nidal A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNanoliposomes (NLs) are ideal carriers for delivering complex molecules and phytochemical products, but ginger by‐products, despite their therapeutic benefits, have poor bioavailability due to their low water solubility and stability. Crude ginger extracts (CGEs) and 6‐gingerol were individually encapsulated within NLs for in vitro activity assessment. In vitro evaluation of anti‐proliferative and anti‐inflammatory properties of encapsulated 6‐gingerol and CGE was performed on healthy human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells. Encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of 6‐gingerol reached 25.23% and 2.5%, respectively. NLs were found stable for up to 30 days at 4°C with a gradual load loss of up to 20%. In vitro cytotoxic effect of encapsulated 6‐gingerol exceeded 70% in the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line, in a comparable manner with non‐encapsulated 6‐gingerol and CGE. The effect of CGE with an IC50 of 3.11 ± 0.39, 7.14 ± 0.80, and 0.82 ± 0.55 μM and encapsulated 6‐gingerol on inhibiting IL‐8 was evident, indicating its potential anti‐inflammatory activity. Encapsulating 6‐gingerol within NLs enhanced its stability and facilitated its biological activity. All compounds, including vitamin C, were equivalent at concentrations below 2 mg/mL, with a slight difference in antioxidant activity. The concentrations capable of inhibiting 50% of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) substrate were comparable.
Construction of a virtual simulation practical teaching system for intelligent manufacturing under the background of new engineering
Authors: Wang Yuqin , Liu Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo adapt to the new direction of engineering education reform in China under the background of new engineering, and to promote the transformation and upgrading of intelligent manufacturing professionals, a virtual simulation practice teaching system based on Internet technology is constructed. Relying on “online + offline” resources, experimental modules are designed, a course resource library is built, a digital cloud platform is developed, and a “One Body, Two Wings” virtual simulation teaching and training system is established. Practice has shown that the virtual simulation system has the advantages of immersion, interaction, imagination, and reality, which can meet the basic needs of users and provide a safe and immersive experimental operation experience. The comparative data on practical effectiveness shows that virtual simulation teaching has significantly improved students' theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and innovative ability, making graduates highly desirable by enterprises. The virtual simulation system not only enhances user experience, but also improves students' learning effect, professional cognitive ability, and professional practice ability. The system provides strong technical support for the cultivation of intelligent manufacturing professionals, and is an efficient and practical tool in the field of teaching and training, with broad application prospects.
Developing Covalent Organic Framework Biocatalysts through Enzyme Encapsulation
Authors: Gao Rui , Kou Xiaoxue , Huang Siming , Chen Guosheng , Ouyang Gangfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUtilizing covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as porous supports to encapsulate enzyme represents an advanced strategy for constructing COFs biocatalysts, which has inspired numerous interests across various applications. As the structural advantages including ultrastable covalent‐bonded linkage, tailorable pore structure, and metal‐free biocompatibility, the resultant enzyme‐COFs biocatalysts showcase functional enhancement in catalytic activity, chemical stability, long‐term durability, and recyclability. This Concept describes the recent advances in the methodological strategies for engineering the COFs biocatalysts, with specific emphasis on the pore entrapment and in situ encapsulation strategies. The structural advantages of the COFs hybrid biocatalysts for organic synthesis, environment‐ and energy‐associated applications are also canvassed. Additionally, the remaining challenges and the forward‐looking directions in this field are also discussed. We believe that this Concept can offer useful methodological guidance for developing active and robust COFs biocatalysts.
Histone demethylase KDM4A mediating macrophage polarization: A potential mechanism of trichloroethylene induced liver injury
Authors: Zhang Jiaxiang , Huang Hua , Ding Baiwang , Liu Zhibing , Chen Daojun , Li Shulong , Shen Tong , Zhu Qixing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrichloroethylene (TCE) is a commonly used organic solvent in industry. Our previous studies have found that TCE can cause liver injury accompanied by macrophage polarization, but the specific mechanism is unclear. The epigenetic regulation of macrophage polarization is mainly focused on histone modification. Histone lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A) is involved in the activation of macrophages. In this study, we used a mouse model we investigated the role of KDM4A in the livers of TCE‐drinking mice and found that the expression of KDM4A, M1‐type polarization indicators, and related inflammatory factors in the livers of TCE‐drinking mice. In the study, BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: 2.5 mg/mL TCE dose group and 5.0 mg/mL TCE dose group, the vehicle control group, and the blank control group. We found that TCE triggered M1 polarization of mouse macrophages, characterized by the expression of CD11c and robust production of inflammatory cytokines. Notably, exposure to TCE resulted in markedly increased expression of KDM4A in macrophages. Functionally, the increased expression of KDM4A significantly impaired the expression of H3K9me3 and H3K9me2 and increased the expression of H3K9me1. In addition, KDM4A potentially represents a novel epigenetic modulator, with its upregulation connected to β‐catenin activation, a signal critical for the pro‐inflammatory activation of macrophages. Furthermore, KDM4A inhibitor JIB‐04 treatment resulted in a decrease in β‐catenin expression and prevented TCE‐induced M1 polarization and the expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐1β. These results suggest that the association of KDM4A and Wnt/β‐catenin cooperatively establishes the activation and polarization of macrophages and global changes in H3K9me3/me2/me1. Our findings identify KDM4A as an essential regulator of the polarization of macrophages and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, which might serve as a potential target for preventing and treating liver injury caused by TCE.