bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning for a Heterogeneous Water Modeling Framework
Authors: Frame Jonathan M. , Araki Ryoko , Bhuiyan Soelem Aafnan , Bindas Tadd , Rapp Jeremy , Bolotin Lauren , Deardorff Emily , Liu Qiyue , Haces‐Garcia Francisco , Liao Mochi , Frazier Nels , Ogden Fred L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis technical note describes recent efforts to integrate machine learning (ML) models, specifically long short‐term memory (LSTM) networks and differentiable parameter learning conceptual hydrological models (δ conceptual models), into the next‐generation water resources modeling framework (Nextgen) to enhance future versions of the U.S. National Water Model (NWM). We address three specific methodology gaps of this new modeling framework: (1) assess model performance across many ungauged catchments, (2) diagnostic‐based model selection, and (3) regionalization based on catchment attributes. We demonstrate that an LSTM trained on CAMELS catchments can make large‐scale predictions with Nextgen across the New England region and match the average flow duration curve observed by stream gauges for streamflow with low exceedance probability (high flows), but diverges from the mean in high exceedance probability (low flows). We demonstrate improvements in peak flow predictions when using δ conceptual model, but results also suggest that performance increases may come at a cost of accurately representing hydrologic states within the conceptual model. We propose a novel approach using ML to predict the most performant mosaic modeling approach and demonstrate improved distributions of efficiency scores throughout the large sample of basins. Our findings advocate for the future development of ML capabilities within Nextgen for advancing operational hydrological modeling.
Associations of Healthcare Utilization and Health Expenditures in Older Adults With Osteoarthritis: Korean Health Panel Survey Study
Authors: Kim Yejin , Kim Bomgyeol , Park Jun Su , Rajaguru Vasuki , Chang Hyuk‐Jae , Lee Sang Gyu , Kim Tae Hyun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study investigated the association between healthcare utilization and expenditures, including non‐covered services in Korean older adults with osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used data from the 2019 Korean Health Panel (KHP) annual data of participants aged ≥ 60 years who had OA. Healthcare utilization and expenditures were determined by hospitalization, outpatient, and emergency visits. A generalized linear model was used to examine healthcare utilization and expenditures associated with OA.ResultsAmong the 5877 participants, 1645 (27.9%) had OA. Participants with OA had higher healthcare utilization (Increment = 6.5 visits, SE = 0.8, p < 0.0001) and expenditures (Increment = USD 432.8, SE = 111.8, p = 0.0001) compared to those without OA. The increase in utilization was primarily in outpatient visits (Increment = 6.4 visits, SE = 0.8, p < 0.0001), especially at clinics (Increment = 5.6 visits, SE = 0.9, p < 0.0001). Healthcare expenditures were also higher for both inpatient (Increment = USD 200.9, SE = 89.8, p = 0.0254) and outpatient visits (Increment = USD 236.6, SE = 51.7, p < 0.0001). Male with OA spent higher cost (USD 242.9) on outpatient visits than non‐OA participants. In contrast, females with OA reported higher expenditures for both inpatient (USD 301.3) and outpatient (USD 259.6) visits than those without OA.ConclusionsOA was associated with a significant increase in healthcare utilization and expenditure. Appropriate strategies are required to reduce the burden of OA. Further study is required to explore how various healthcare facilities might be used together to provide safe and cost‐efficient treatment for OA patients within the healthcare system and in the community.
AMMonitor 2: Remote monitoring of biodiversity in an adaptive framework in R
Authors: Clarfeld Laurence , Tang Caroline , Huber Kaitlin , Balantic Cathleen , Donovan Therese 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Wildlife face a myriad of challenges due to changing climate and land use regimes that necessitate efficient monitoring methods on large geospatial scales. This monitoring is increasingly accomplished with remotely deployed trail cameras and automated recording units.

However, remote wildlife monitoring comes with data management challenges, such as storing, organizing and analysing large volumes of digital data. Data management tools can assist biologists in managing projects to reduce the barriers between data collection and dissemination of results.

AMMonitor is an R package for remote wildlife monitoring with greatly increased functionality in the version 2 release, including a new database structure, support for both photographs and audio monitoring, a rich graphical user interface (Shiny) that includes media labelling tools, integration of machine learning classification outputs and 20 in‐depth tutorials.

As a fully open‐source data management solution, AMMonitor is highly accessible, extensible and customizable, making it especially useful for students and users with some coding experience who desire a standardized yet flexible data management framework.

AMMonitor project data can be released to the public via the USGS ScienceBase data repository, where released projects can be reconstituted by AMMonitor functions.
Repairing gaps in ecological time series
Authors: Carpenter Delia , Deyle Ethan , Park Joseph , Saberski Erik , Sugihara George 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Missing values are ubiquitous in ecological time series. Methods like linear interpolation, k‐nearest neighbour (kNN) imputation or regression‐based imputation are commonly used to repair these gaps, but may be unsuitable when the data are infrequently sampled or have nonlinear dynamics.

We introduce multiview cross‐mapping (MVCM), a novel method based in empirical dynamic modelling (EDM) that exploits shared information between dynamically coupled time series. Rather than using points nearby in time, MVCM uses similar system states on an attractor to estimate the value of a missing data point. MVCM works best where other dynamically coupled variables have been observed, but it can also predict into short gaps where all variables are missing (data void).

Using model data from a coupled five‐species system, and observational data from a long‐term plankton survey in Lake Zurich, Switzerland, we show that MVCM is robust and performs significantly better than linear methods (linear interpolation, linear regression‐based imputation) and kNN imputation.

Crucially, this approach differs from methods based on a purely statistical paradigm because it assumes that the time series are generated by underlying deterministic rules. This dynamical framework allows us to exploit information shared between time series from a mechanistically coupled system, making complexity an asset for the analysis of imperfect observational data.
Oral Citrate Supplementation Mitigates Age‐Associated Pathologic Intervertebral Disc Calcification in LG/J Mice
Authors: Ottone Olivia K. , Mundo Jorge J. , Kwakye Boahen N. , Slaweski Amber , Collins John A. , Wu Qinglin , Connelly Margery A. , Niaziorimi Fatemeh , van de Wetering Koen , Risbud Makarand V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDespite the high prevalence of age‐dependent intervertebral disc calcification, there is a glaring lack of treatment options for this debilitating pathology. We investigated the efficacy of long‐term oral K3Citrate supplementation in ameliorating disc calcification in LG/J mice, a model of spontaneous age‐associated disc calcification. K3Citrate reduced the incidence of disc calcification without affecting the vertebral bone structure, knee calcification, plasma chemistry, or locomotion in LG/J mice. Notably, a positive effect on grip strength was evident in treated mice. FTIR spectroscopy of the persisting calcified nodules indicated K3Citrate did not alter the mineral composition. Mechanistically, activation of an endochondral differentiation in the cartilaginous endplates and nucleus pulposus (NP) compartment contributed to LG/J disc calcification. Importantly, K3Citrate reduced calcification incidence by Ca2+ chelation throughout the disc while exhibiting a differential effect on NP and endplate cell differentiation. In the NP compartment, K3Citrate reduced the NP cell acquisition of a hypertrophic chondrocytic fate, but the pathologic endochondral program was unimpacted in the endplates. Overall, this study for the first time shows the therapeutic potential of oral K3Citrate as a systemic intervention strategy to ameliorate disc calcification.
Recent decline in Chinese alcohol production and consumption: Potential contributing factors and the role of globally recommended measures
Authors: Tang Yi‐lang , Wang Xuyi , Hao Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and aimAlcohol consumption in China poses significant public health challenges. Between 2005 and 2010, alcohol production and by implication, consumption, surged, leading to increased alcohol‐related harms due to weak regulatory frameworks. This study examined recent patterns of alcohol consumption in China using public production data as a proxy.MethodStatistical analysis was conducted using data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China on the production of beer, wine, and liquor, from the years 2009 to 2023.ResultsThe production of liquor and wine in China increased from 7.1 and 0.96 million tons in 2009 to 13.6 and 1.14 million tons in 2016, respectively. Inferred alcohol per capita consumption (APC) rose from 4.38 L in 2009 to 6.45 L in 2016, representing a 47% increase. However, from 2016 onwards, alcohol production declined to 4.5 and 0.14 million tons for liquor and wine in 2023, respectively. Consequently, inferred APC decreased from 6.45 L to 2.85 L, an overall reduction of 55.8%.ConclusionsAlcohol production and inferred consumption in China appear to have substantially declined since 2016. Potential factors contributing to this decline include stricter government policies, stricter market regulation and tax enforcement, public health campaigns, and demographic and cultural shifts. However, many global measures such as higher taxes, price controls, advertising restrictions, and a legal drinking age, have not been (adequately) implemented in China.
Personalized chat‐based support for smoking cessation among smokers with mental health symptoms in the workplace: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yao Ying , Luk Tzu Tsun , Lau Oi Sze , Wu Yongda Socrates , Weng Xue , Ng Chak Hang , Cheung Yee Tak Derek , Lam Tai Hing , Wang Man Ping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsSmoking rates are disproportionately high among people with mental health issues. We evaluated the effectiveness of a chat‐based intervention paired with psychological support for workplace smokers with mental health symptoms.Design and settingA pragmatic, two‐arm, randomized controlled trial in 65 companies in Hong Kong, China.Participants300 employees who smoked daily (84.3% male) with stress (Perceived Stress Scale‐4 ≥ 6), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder‐2 ≥ 3) or depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 ≥ 3).InterventionsParticipants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n = 144) or the control group (n = 156). The intervention group received 20 instant messages and chat‐based support delivered by trained counselors over 3 months, using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The control group received 6 messages on general health. Both groups received a health talk and self‐help booklet at baseline, brief phone advice at follow‐ups and full‐course nicotine replacement therapy for continuing smokers at 6 months.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was self‐reported 7‐day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 6 months after intervention initiation. Secondary outcomes included PPA at 1, 3, 9 and 12 months, changes in mental health symptoms and intervention engagement (chatting with counsellors).FindingsBy intention to treat, there was no evidence of a difference in 7‐day PPA between intervention and control group at 6 months [16.0% vs. 13.5%, odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.64–2.32]. At 12 months, there was weak evidence of an intervention benefit (21.5% vs. 13.5%, 1.76, 0.96–3.24), which was statistically significant after adjusting for baseline factors (adjusted OR = 2.61, 1.22–5.58, P = 0.01). A greater reduction in anxiety symptoms over a 12‐month period in the intervention group was observed (adjusted b = −0.28, 95% CI = −0.56 to −0.00, P = 0.05).ConclusionsThere appears to be weak evidence for a benefit of a personalised chat‐based smoking cessation intervention plus psychological support on promoting smoking abstinence among workplace smokers with mental health symptoms.
Lithium Ore Tailings May Increase the Invasion Potential of Melinis minutiflora in Native Areas Around to Mining Sites
Authors: Melo Nayara Magry Jesus , Souza João Paulo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe growing demand for lithium has led to an increased focus on understanding the impact of mining waste on ecosystems in the surrounding area. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lithium ore tailings (LOT) on the growth and establishment of an invasive C4 herbaceous species (Melinis minutiflora) and a native C3 herbaceous species (Stylosanthes capitata) from native areas of Brazil. We grow plants in three substrates: soil without LOT, a mixture of 50% soil and 50% LOT (soil + LOT) and only LOT. Melinis minutiflora plants grown in the soil + LOT treatment showed higher growth and vegetative biomass production than S. capitata plants in the same treatment. Also, M. minutiflora plants grown in soil + LOT and LOT had a higher chlorophyll b index than S. capitata plants. The findings suggest that invasive M. minutiflora plants may benefit from soils contaminated with LOT. In areas surrounding LOT, M. minutiflora could establish, grow and spread faster, potentially affecting ecosystem processes. Understanding the impact of environmental disturbances on native areas and their consequences for the growth of invasive and native species is crucial for ecosystem management and preservation.
Systematic Review of Rare Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Associated With the Treatment of Acne With Isotretinoin
Authors: Cowan Timothy L. , Stark Madeleine , Sarmiento Simona , Miller Andrew 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAcne vulgaris is a common inflammatory condition that is often treated by dermatologists with isotretinoin. Isotretinoin has a number of effects on inflammatory pathways, with clear efficacy in managing acne vulgaris. There are also well‐documented side effects of isotretinoin, including hyperlipidemia; however, the overall cardiovascular risk is unclear. This systematic review revealed low evidence for major adverse cardiovascular events associated with the use of isotretinoin in acne patients. Despite this low evidence, rare events may be associated and should still be considered when using isotretinoin in acne patients.
An Integrative Approach of Taxonomic, Morphometric and Ecological Research to Solve the Status of Cryptic Chelonian Taxa—A Case Study With Pelomedusa kobe in Rwanda
Authors: Umulisa Christella , Djurakic Marko , Bantlin Drew , Müller Anke , Vamberger Melita 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUsing genetic data, we confirm for the first time the presence of the Tanzanian helmeted terrapin Pelomedusa kobe in Akagera National Park, Rwanda, extending their known distribution. Our study provides the first natural history observations, population and morphological data for this species from a wild population. As species in the genus Pelomedusa are morphologically difficult to distinguish, we gain the first insights into intraspecific and interspecific patterns of size and shape variation of plastron morphology between two morphologically‐similar species living in Eastern Africa, P. kobe and P. subrufa, using geometric morphometrics. Species affiliation, rather than sex, is the dominant factor influencing size and shape variation. P. kobe exhibits female‐based sexual size dimorphism (SSD), while P. subrufa shows a tendency toward male‐based SSD. Furthermore, sexual shape dimorphism (SShD) was observed in P. kobe but not in P. subrufa. Our results provide the first integrative data (genetic, morphological and natural history) on P. kobe, however further information on their distribution in the park is needed for effective conservation of this data‐deficient species. Our findings lay the groundwork for future ecological studies on P. kobe, potentially revealing unique adaptations and conservation needs previously overlooked due to its cryptic nature.
The Effect of Acupoint Sticking Therapy on Serum Estrogen Levels and Endometrial Polyp Tissue Receptor Expression in Postmenopausal Patients With Endometrial Polyps
Authors: Zhang Da , Chen Ying , Zhang Liangyu , Wang Yang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPostmenopausal women with endometrial polyps (EPs) often experience hormonal imbalances. Acupoint application, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) approach, shows the potential to influence hormonal levels. This study investigated the impact of acupoint application on hormone levels and receptors in postmenopausal women with EP, comparing its efficacy and safety to surgery.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 170 postmenopausal patients with EP. Eighty‐four patients received surgery alone, while 86 received surgery combined with acupoint application. Hormone levels, hormone receptor expression, TCM symptom scores, and adverse effects were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe acupoint application group demonstrated a significantly higher total effective rate than the control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, the acupoint application group exhibited a significantly greater reduction in serum progesterone levels and vaginal pH compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the acupoint application group showed a significant increase in endometrial estrogen receptor expression after treatment (p < 0.05). TCM symptom scores related to vaginal bleeding volume, duration, facial complexion, dry mouth, and thirst significantly improved in the acupoint application group post‐treatment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the acupoint application group demonstrated a notably lower incidence of adverse effects (including nausea, headache, breast tenderness, and dizziness) compared to the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionOur study suggests acupoint application, alongside surgery, enhances clinical outcomes, hormonal balance, and symptom relief in postmenopausal women with EPs, compared to surgery alone. Its safety and sustained benefits support its use as a complementary treatment.
How Is Chronic Pain Managed in Rural Australia? A Qualitative Study Exploring Rural Healthcare Professional and Consumer Experiences
Authors: Grant Ashley R. , Westhorp Gill , Mardon Amelia , White Monique , Hibbert Peter D. , Karran Emma L. , Roeger Christopher , Moseley G. Lorimer 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionGuideline‐based care for chronic pain is variably provided. Existing data on chronic pain management in Australia come primarily from metropolitan samples. As the initial investigations for a wider needs assessment, we sought to understand how chronic pain is managed in rural Australia, focused on investigating the gap between guideline‐recommended care and provided care.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with rural healthcare professionals who treat patients with chronic pain and rural consumers affected by chronic pain. We asked healthcare professionals what treatments they deliver to patients with chronic pain. We asked consumers to describe the healthcare service providers they had accessed for pain care and the treatments they received from these providers. We utilised content analysis to gain an understanding of what care for chronic pain is being provided and compared these findings to guideline recommendations.ResultsWe interviewed 15 healthcare professionals and 27 consumers. Both healthcare professionas and consumers reported minimal use of most first‐line management strategies. We also found differences between healthcare professional and consumer reports of pain care. Healthcare professionals frequently described delivering guideline‐aligned pain care and consumers frequently described receiving care that contradicted guidelines. We identified challenges with rural access to pain care services, including minimal usage of telehealth services.ConclusionsGiven the identified gaps in care, future research may consider ways of improving rural access to pain care services, including investigating ways to increase uptake of telehealth services, and how to shift consumer expectations of pain care.
Outcomes of after‐hours surgeries performed under general anaesthesia: a South Korean nationwide cohort study
Authors: Oh Tak Kyu , Song In‐Ae 
Published: February 2025

SummaryIntroductionThe day of the week or time of day that surgery is performed may influence postoperative mortality or complications. We aimed to examine whether surgery under general anaesthesia performed after‐hours was associated with increased rates of mortality and morbidity, compared with surgery performed in‐hours.MethodsThis population‐based cohort study obtained data for patients who underwent surgery under general anaesthesia from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Propensity score‐matched groups of patients who underwent surgery either in‐hours (weekdays between 9.00 and 18.00) or after‐hours (weekdays between 18.00 and 09.00 or on a weekend/holiday) were compared for 90‐day and 1‐year mortality, and the incidence postoperative complications.ResultsA total of 1,416,844 patients were considered (63,567 in the after‐hours group and 1,353,277 in the in‐hours group) and after a 1:5 propensity score matching, 281,717 were included (57,497 in the after‐hours group and 224,220 in the in‐hours group). Patients in the after‐hours group showed 3.58‐fold (OR 3.58, 95%CI 3.47–3.69, p < 0.001) and 2.51‐fold (hazard ratio 2.51, 95%CI 2.46–2.57, p < 0.001) higher 90‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality rates, respectively, compared with those in the in‐hours group. Patients in the after‐hours group had a 2.14‐fold (OR 2.14, 95%CI 2.10–2.19, p < 0.001) greater incidence of postoperative complications compared with those in the in‐hours group.DiscussionAfter‐hours surgery was associated with a higher risk of death within 90 days, an increase in all‐cause mortality after 1‐year and a higher incidence of postoperative complications.
Simultaneous clustering of individuals and covariates for high‐dimensional longitudinal data
Authors: Han Chao , Wu Jiaqi , Zhang Weiping 
Published: February 2025

SummaryThis paper considers identifying and estimating high‐dimensional longitudinal data models with latent subgroups and clustered covariates. We propose a regularised approach to recover group structures while simultaneously detecting clusters of significant covariates. The consistency and asymptotic normality are established for the estimator under mild conditions. Besides, we develop an effective algorithm based on local quadratic approximation to optimise the objective function. The finite‐sample performance is illustrated through extensive simulations, and the proposed method is applied to study the shift in the economic structure of European countries before and after the debt crisis.