bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Chemical Carcinogenesis
Authors: Huff James , Melnick Ronald L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Workers are exposed to carcinogens and carcinogenic exposure circumstances, as well as to many other agents considered probably, possibly, or reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. Covered herein are occupational carcinogens: chemicals, uncharacterized exposure circumstances, and occupations/workplaces known or suspected to cause cancer in workers, and agents causing cancers in animal bioassays, which are proven predictive for human cancers. Importantly, individuals differ in susceptibility for developing cancer due to exposure to a carcinogenic substance; factors influencing cancer outcomes include exposure circumstances, genetic differences, lifestyle, health condition, age, and gender. Identification of agents as carcinogens is based on information from epidemiological studies, long‐term animal studies, in vitro and in vivo evaluations, and assessments of mechanistic data and structure‐activity relationships. Various agencies, such as IARC, NTP, U.S. EPA, CalEPA, and others have developed classification schemes that categorize potential carcinogenicity of environmental and industrial agents in humans based on strength‐of‐evidence from human studies, animal studies, and mechanistic information. Categorizations formulated by authoritative bodies serve as the initial basis for standard's settings and regulatory actions. Several health and safety laws have been promulgated to protect workers from harmful effects of hazardous agents in the workplace. Risk characterization provides an integrative summary of available and relevant information on hazard identification, exposure assessment, and dose‐response relationships that have been used to estimate potential human cancer risks under various exposure circumstances. This information serves as the basis for risk management decisions on the extent to which workers' exposures to hazardous agents should be controlled. Likewise reducing or eliminating exposures to known and suspected carcinogens will reduce or prevent the incidences of occupational cancers. The World Health Organization reports occupational carcinogens are responsible for ∼152,000 cancer deaths per year and cancer prevention is essential because ∼40% of all cancer deaths can be prevented.
Robust PUF Label Authentication System Synergistically Constructed by Hierarchical Pattern of Self‐assembled Phase‐Separation Encrypted Wrinkle and Deep Learning Model
Authors: Ma Manping , Jiang Zetian , Ma Tianjiao , Gao Xiaxin , Li Jin , Liu Manhua , Yan Junchi , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the increasing demand for information security, current anti‐counterfeiting methods not only suffer from issues such as low information density and vulnerability to forgery, but also inherently involve a trade‐off between information capacity and readout methods. This paper reports a high‐security solution using hierarchical pattern with perfect combination of micro self‐wrinkle and nano phase‐separation as physical unclonable function (PUF) labels, which is generated through self‐organization of anthracene‐functionalized poly(styrene‐block‐butadiene‐block‐styrene) (SBS‐CAN) under UV exposure. The double‐layer morphologies formed by the wrinkle and phase separation are adjustable, independent, and stable. The obtained hierarchical PUF labels exhibit random and unique features similar to the minutiae of fingerprints at both micro and nano scales, ensuring a well‐balanced bit uniformity (>0.492), high uniqueness (>0.496), and outstanding reliability (>96%). As a consequence of the multi‐layered combination of morphologies, the designed PUF label possesses an information density about 1010 times higher than that of human fingerprints. The PUF labels can be quickly obtained through simple visual scanning and exhibit sufficient security. To cope with various application environments, the advanced authentication pipeline designed LPLA guarantees robust label recognition capability in real‐world scenarios. A practical integrated anti‐counterfeiting authentication system is developed by combining hierarchical PUF labels and authentication pipeline.
Insights Into Preaggregation Control of Y‐Series Nonfullerene Acceptors in Liquid State for Highly Efficient Binary Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Dingqin , Tang Hua , Chen Chen , Huang Peihao , Shen Zhibang , Li Hongxiang , Liu Heng , Petoukhoff Christopher E. , Jurado José Piers , Luo Ying , Xia Hao , Fong Patrick W. K. , Fu Jiehao , Zhao Lingyu , Yan Cenqi , Chen Yao , Cheng Pei , Lu Xinhui , Li Gang , Laquai Frédéric , Xiao Zeyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLeveraging breakthroughs in Y‐series nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 19%. However, progress in advancing OSCs has decelerated due to constraints in realizing the full potential of the Y‐series NFAs. Herein, a simple yet effective solid additive‐induced preaggregation control method employing 2‐chloro‐5‐iodopyridine (PDCI) is reported to unlock the full potential of the Y‐series NFAs. Specifically, PDCI interacts predominantly with Y‐series NFAs enabling enhanced and ordered phase‐aggregation in solution. This method leads to a notable improvement and a redshifted absorption of the acceptor phase during film formation, along with improved crystallinity. Moreover, the PDCI‐induced preaggregation of NFAs in the solution enables ordered molecule packing during the film‐formation process through delicate intermediate states transition. Consequently, the PDCI‐induced preaggregated significantly improves the PCE of PM6:Y6 OSCs from 16.12% to 18.12%, among the best values reported for PM6:Y6 OSCs. Importantly, this approach is universally applicable to other Y‐series NFA‐based OSCs, achieving a champion PCE of 19.02% for the PM6:BTP‐eC9 system. Thus, the preaggregation control strategy further unlocks the potential of Y‐series NFAs, offering a promising avenue for enhancing the photovoltaic performance of Y‐series NFA‐based OSCs.
Visual Eosin Y‐Based Photosensitization Sensing Systems for Ultrasensitive Detection of Diclofenac with Single‐Atom Co─N2O2 Site‐Immobilized g‐C3N4 Nanosheets
Authors: Ren Jingyi , Li Zhuo , Qu Binhong , Meng Lingyou , Bai Linlu , Sun Jianhui , Zhang Ziqing , Qu Yang , Jing Liqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is highly desired to develop a visual sensing system for ultrasensitive detection of colorless diclofenac (DCF), yet with a significant challenge. Herein, a novel dye‐based photosensitization sensing system has been successfully developed for detecting DCF for the first time, in which the used dye eosin Y (DeY) can strongly absorb visible light and then be decolorized obviously by transferring photogenerated electrons to g‐C3N4 nanosheets (CN), while the built single‐atomic Co─N2O2 sites on CN by boron‐oxygen connection can competitively adsorb DCF to impede the photosensitization decoloration of DeY. This system exhibits a broad detection range from 8 ng L−1 to 2 mg L−1 with 535 nm light, an exceptionally low detection limit (3.5 ng L−1), and remarkable selectivity. Through the time‐resolved, in situ technologies, and theoretical calculations, the decolorization of DeY is attributed to the disruption of DeY's conjugated structure caused by the triplet excited state electron transfer from DeY to CN, meanwhile, the adsorbed oxygen facilitates the charge transfer process. The preferential adsorption of DCF mainly depends on the strong interactions between the as‐constructed single‐atom Co and Cl in DCF. This study opens an innovative light‐driven sensing system by combining dye and single‐atom metal/nanomaterial for visually intuitive detection of environmental pollutants.
Self‐Powered Digital Angle Sensor Based on Triboelectric Signal for Variable Structure of Aircraft
Authors: Sheng Hengrui , Cao Leo N.Y. , Li Chengyu , Zhou Zhuyu , Jiang Yang , Sun Yanshuo , Chen Baodong , Xu Zijie , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of aircraft in recent years has attracted more attention, especially the issue of safe flight for aircraft. Some existing angle detection sensors are difficult to adapt to the development speed of the current aircraft due to the expensive price and large size, so there is an immediate need for new technology that can suit the current aircraft. Here, a self‐powered digital angle sensor that is compact, simple, and lightweight is introduced. This sensor eliminates the need for an external power supply and demonstrates highly sensitive signal detection at the volt level when the variable structure of the aircraft is working. The sensor is designed with a thickness of 7.3 mm, a volume of 16.6 cm3, and a weight of 9.85 g. Its lightweight and compact structure allows for seamless integration into aircraft without causing significant impact. The sensor not only provides real‐time monitoring the aircraft's variable structure deflection states, including deflection direction and angle but also alerts operators to any anomalies in deflection. Its small size and self‐powered capability make it an ideal solution for aircraft applications, enhancing safety and efficiency during flight.
Necroptosis‐Mediated Synergistic Photodynamic and Glutamine‐Metabolic Therapy Enabled by a Biomimetic Targeting Nanosystem for Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Qichang , Zou Tianhao , Wang Weimin , Zhang Chen , Hu Shaobo , Cheng Xiang , Liu Ran , Wang Guoliang , Sun Ping , Zhou Xing , Yang Bing , Xu Jianjun , Gao Yang , Gu Jinyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTargeted delivery of glutamine metabolism inhibitors holds promise for cholangiocarcinoma therapy, yet effective delivery vehicles remain a challenge. This study reports the development of a biomimetic nanosystem, termed R‐CM@MSN@BC, integrating mesoporous organosilicon nanoparticles with reactive oxygen species‐responsive diselenide bonds for controlled release of the glutamine metabolism inhibitor bis‐2‐(5‐phenylacetamido‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES) and the photosensitizer Ce6. Erythrocyte membrane coating, engineered with Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) peptides, not only enhanced biocompatibility but also improved tumor targeting and tissue penetration. Upon laser irradiation, R‐CM@MSN@BC executed both photodynamic and glutamine‐metabolic therapies, inducing necroptosis in tumor cells and triggering significant immunogenic cell death. Time‐of‐flight mass cytometry analysis revealed that R‐CM@MSN@BC can remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by polarizing M1‐type macrophages, reducing infiltration of M2‐type and CX3CR1+ macrophages, and decreasing T cell exhaustion, thereby increasing the effectiveness of anti‐programmed cell death ligand 1 immunotherapy. This strategy proposed in this study presents a viable and promising approach for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
Drivers and Pathways for the Recovery of Critical Metals from Waste‐Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Xia Dong , Lee Carmen , Charpentier Nicolas M. , Deng Yuemin , Yan Qingyu , Gabriel Jean‐Christophe P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ever‐increasing importance of critical metals (CMs) in modern society underscores their resource security and circularity. Waste‐printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are particularly attractive reservoirs of CMs due to their gamut CM embedding and ubiquitous presence. However, the recovery of most CMs is out of reach from current metal‐centric recycling industries, resulting in a flood loss of refined CMs. Here, 41 types of such spent CMs are identified. To deliver a higher level of CM sustainability, this work provides an insightful overview of paradigm‐shifting pathways for CM recovery from WPCBs that have been developed in recent years. As a crucial starting entropy‐decreasing step, various strategies of metal enrichment are compared, and the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) and hyperspectral sensing is highlighted. Then, tailored metal recycling schemes are presented for the platinum group, rare earth, and refractory metals, with emphasis on greener metallurgical methods contributing to transforming CMs into marketable products. In addition, due to the vital nexus of CMs between the environment and energy sectors, the upcycling of CMs into electro‐/photo‐chemical catalysts for green fuel synthesis is proposed to extend the recycling chain. Finally, the challenges and outlook on this all‐round upgrading of WPCB recycling are outlined.
Metal Penetration and Grain Boundary in MoS2 Memristors
Authors: Yan Han , Zhuang Pingping , Li Bo , Ye Tian , Zhou Changjie , Chen Yushan , Li Tiejun , Cai Weiwei , Yu Daquan , Liu Jing , Lin Weiyi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract2D semiconductors have demonstrated outstanding switching performance in resistive random‐access memory (RRAM). Despite the proposed resistive switching (RS) mechanism involving the penetration of electrode metal atoms, direct observation of metal penetration in these van‐der‐Waals stacked 2D semiconductors remains absent. This study utilizes 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as the switching material, employing gold and multilayer graphene as electrodes. Through analysis of the switching characteristics of these RRAM devices, the pivotal role of grain boundaries and metal atoms is identify in achieving RS. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy provide direct evidence of metal penetration into multilayer MoS2. This study offers valuable insights into the RS mechanism in memristors based on multilayer MoS2, providing guidance for designing and optimizing 2D material memristive devices.
The Burgeoning Zinc Powder Anode for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries: from Electrode Preparation to Performance Enhancement
Authors: Yan Lijing , Zhai Qiangxiang , Zhang Shaojian , Li Zeheng , Kang Qiaoling , Gao Xuehui , Jin Chengbin , Liu Tiefeng , Ma Tingli , Lin Zhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) have emerged as a focal point of interest in academic research and industrial strategic planning. Zinc powder (ZP) is poised to assume a prominent position in both future research and practical applications due to its high Zn utilization rate and processability. However, critical challenges need to be addressed before realizing substantial progress. Notably, severe voltage polarization and gas production of ZP electrodes stand out as the primary causes of battery failure, differing with zinc foil where short circuits caused by zinc dendrites contribute to battery failure. While numerous comprehensive reviews have offered effective strategies for zinc foil, a systematic summary of ZP electrodes is still lacking. For ZP, electrode preparation dictates the performance. This review summarizes the criteria for optimal ZP electrodes, covering electrode components, preparation methods, and technique parameters. It emphatically introduces the underlying causes and strategies of water‐related side reactions and briefly analyzes the stripping/plating behaviors of ZP electrodes. The status quo of ZP‐based batteries is then discussed in categories of ZP, current collector, conductive scaffold, binder, and electrolytes. Finally, potential avenues for future research are proposed from three aspects to enhance the focus on ZP electrodes and facilitate the practical application of AZMBs.
Characterizing applications, exposure risks, and hazard communication for engineered nanomaterials in construction
Authors: Lippy Bruce E. , Brooks Sara B. , Cooper Michael R. , Burrelli Leonard G. , Saldivar Andreas , West Gavin H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEngineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may pose health risks to workers. Objectives were to characterize ENM applications in construction, identify exposure scenarios, and evaluate the quality of safety data sheets (SDSs) for nano‐enabled construction products.MethodsSDSs and product data were obtained from a public database of nano‐enabled construction products. Descriptive statistics were calculated for affected trades, product categories, and types of ENMs. A sample of SDSs (n = 33) was evaluated using modified criteria developed by NIOSH researchers. Bulk analysis via transmission electron microscopy characterized nanoparticles in a subset of products.ResultsCompanies report using >50 ENMs in construction products. ENM composition could not be determined via SDSs for 38.1% of the 907 products examined. Polymers and metal oxides tied for most frequently reported ENMs (n = 87, 9.6%). Nano silica, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and silver nanoparticles were also frequently reported. Most of the products were paints and coatings (n = 483, 53.3%), followed by pre‐market additives, cementitious materials, insulation, and lubricants. Workers in twenty construction trades are likely to handle nano‐enabled products, these particularly encompass cement and brick masons, painters, laborers, carpenters, glaziers, and insulators. A wide range of exposure scenarios were identified. SDSs were classified as satisfactory (18%), in need of improvement (12%), or in need of significant improvement (70%). Bulk analyses revealed discrepancies between actual ENM composition and those in SDSs.Discussion and ConclusionThere has been significant progress investigating risks to construction workers posed by ENMs, but SDSs need major improvements. This study provides new insights on the use of ENMs in construction, exposure risks, and hazard communication.
Introducing a π‐Skeleton Perpendicular to the Central Methylene Carbon in Alkanediamides: Design of Supramolecular Polymers with an Offset π‐Stacking Arrangement
Authors: Hamada Yasuhiro , Ogi Soichiro , Yamaguchi Shigehiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe self‐assembly behavior of a heptanediamide derivative that contains a four‐ring fused π‐skeleton on its central methylene carbon atom has been examined. This molecule, which also contains two octyl chains, gelated the nonpolar solvent methylcyclohexane through the formation of fibrous nanostructures with hydrogen‐bonding networks through a cooperative nucleation–elongation process. The supramolecular polymerization is accompanied by bathochromic shifts of both the absorption and fluorescence bands while maintaining a fluorescence quantum yield comparable to that of the monomeric state. Theoretical calculations provided an energetically stable structure, in which the π‐skeletons are stacked with an offset of more than 8.0 Å, replicating the experimentally observed absorption change due to exciton coupling. Moreover, a slow transition with an inversion of the chiral arrangement of the π‐conjugated moieties was induced by replacing the octyl chains with chiral alkyl chains. Our molecular‐design strategy was further applied to a five‐ring fused π‐skeleton, which also forms an offset π‐stacking arrangement and exhibits more effective chiral exciton coupling in the aggregated state.
Dearomative Intramolecular meta‐Thermocycloadditions of Benzene Rings via Wheland Intermediates
Authors: Liu Shupeng , Xu Tianyi , Liu Yuting , Wang Youliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDearomative cycloadditions are powerful synthetic transformations utilizing aromatic compounds for cycloaddition reactions. They have been extensively applied to the synthesis of biologically relevant compounds not only because of the complexity generated from simplicity but also the atom‐ and step‐economy. For the most studied yet challenging benzene ring systems, ortho‐ and para‐cycloadditions have been realized both photochemically and thermally, while the meta‐cycloadditions are still limited to the photochemical processes tracing back to the 1960s. Herein, we for the first time realized the thermal cycloadditions of benzene rings with alkenes in a meta fashion via Wheland intermediates. A broad spectrum of readily available C(sp2)‐rich aniline‐tethered enynes were transformed into C(sp3)‐rich 3D complex polycyclic architectures simply by stirring in TFA. Moreover, the reaction could be performed in gram‐scales and the products could be diversely elaborated.
Development of a novel MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC composite for enhanced and synergistic removal of methylene blue and Sm(III) from an aqueous environment
Authors: Abdel‐Aziz Ali M. , Sayed Mostafa A. , Rafea Osama A. S. , Abdelhameed Reda M. , Badr Ibrahim H. A. 
Published: June 2024

In this study, a pioneering composite material, MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC, was synthesized by integrating an indium‐based metal–organic framework (MIL‐68‐NH2) with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), that could be prepared by recycling different natural products of cellulose. The surface characteristics of the novel MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC composite were meticulously examined through X‐ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). Remarkably, MIL‐68‐ NH2@MCC demonstrated significantly improved efficiency in removing methylene blue (MB) dye and Sm(III) ions from aqueous solutions, surpassing the removal capabilities of its individual constituents, MIL‐68‐NH2 and MCC. This superior performance can be attributed to the synergistic interplay between MIL‐68‐ NH2 and MCC. We thoroughly investigated the influence of various parameters, including pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature. The experimental adsorption data for both MB and Sm(III) exhibited a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model. The optimized MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC exhibited remarkable maximum adsorption capacities of 133.8 mg/g for MB and 72.1 mg/g for Sm(III). The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo‐second‐order model with correlation coefficients of 0.9879 and 0.9875 for MB and Sm(III), respectively. The application of intraparticle diffusion and the Boyd kinetic models demonstrated that the film diffusion is the dominant factor influencing the rate of the adsorption process. The study also examined a possible mechanism for the adsorption of MB and Sm(III) on the optimized MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC surface. Ultimately, the results highlight the originality of our research in terms of the efficacy of the newly developed MIL‐68‐NH2@MCC composite as an eco‐friendly adsorbent. Besides, the developed adsorbent effectively removes MB and Sm(III) from different water solutions while exhibiting outstanding selectivity and reusability.
Entheseal surface (Sharpey's fiber insertion) alterations identify past trauma; bone base robusticity, level of routine activity
Authors: Rothschild Bruce 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSharpey's fiber alterations, referred to as entheseal reaction or enthesopathy, have long been considered an indicator of daily activities. Such semantic transformation seems to conflate processes which alter the characteristics of tendonous and ligamentous attachments to bone with the rugosity and extent of their base/footprint. Rather than reflecting normal activities, it is suggested that surface reactions are actually the response to the application of sudden or unconditioned repetitive stresses—analogous to stress fractures. Thus, they are distinct from enlargement of the base/footprint, the bone remodeling process responsible for the robusticity of the area to which the enthesis attaches, which is actually a measure of actual muscle activity. Surface reactions in attachment areas represent injury, be it mechanical stress fracture‐equivalents or inflammation‐derived. Bone base/footprint is the reaction of the enthesis to stresses of routine physical activities. The character of underlying bone supporting Sharpey's fibers may be augmented by applied stress, but there is neither a physiologic mechanism nor is there evidence for significant addition of Sharpey's fibers beyond ontogeny. Behavior is responsible for the physiologic response of robusticity; spiculation, pathology.