bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MLJ Reviews
Authors: BIRCKBICHLER DIANE W. 
Published: October 2011

Book reviewed in this article:THEORY AND PRACTICE: BYRD, DAVID M., & D. JOHN MCINTYRE. (Eds.). Research on the Education of Our Nation's TeachersTHEORY AND PRACTICE: COOK, GUY, & BARBARA SEIDLHOFER. (Eds.). Principle & Practice in Applied Linguistics: Studies in Honour of H. G. Widdowson.THEORY AND PRACTICE: DAVIES, FLORENCE. Introducing Reading.THEORY AND PRACTICE: DICKSON, PETER, & ALISTER CUMMING. (Eds.). Profiles of Language Education in 25 Countries.THEORY AND PRACTICE: FREED, BARBARA F. (Ed.). Second Language Acquisition in a Study Abroad Context. (Studies in Bilingualism, Volume 9).THEORY AND PRACTICE: HARRIS, ROY. Signs of Writing.THEORY AND PRACTICE: HASHEMIPOUR, PEGGY, RICARDO MALDONADO, & MARGARET VAN NAERSSEN. (Eds.). Studies in Language Learning and Spanish Linguistics in Honor of Tracy D. Terrell.THEORY AND PRACTICE: KRAMSCH, CLAIRE. (Ed.). Redefining the Boundaries of Language Study.CHINESE: BAI, JIANHUA, JUYU SUNG, & JANET ZHIQUN XING. Beyond the Basics: Communicative Chinese for Intermediate and Advanced Learners.CHINESE: CHOU, CHIH‐P'ING, XUEDONG WANG, & JOANNE CHIANG. China's Peril and Promise: An Advanced Reader.ESL: KADDEN, JUDI. Traveling through Idioms: An Exercise Guide to the World of American Idioms.ESL: PYNE, SANDRA, & ALLENE TUCK. Oxford Dictionary of Computing for Learners of English.ESL: WATCYN‐JONES, PETER. Test Your Vocabulary.FRENCH: AYRES‐BENNETT, WENDY. A History of the French Language through Texts.FRENCH: NORTHCUTT, WAYNE. The Regions of France: A Reference Guide to History and Culture.FRENCH: STEELE, ROSS, & ANDREW SUOZZO. Teaching French Culture: Theory and Practice.FRENCH: WEINREB, RUTH PLAUT. Façons de voir: French in Review.GERMAN: TAYLOR, HEIMY, & WERNER HAAS. German: A Self‐Teaching Guide.LANGUAGE POLICY: DICKER, SUSAN J. Languages in America: A Pluralist View.PERSIAN: SAAD, JOYA BLONDEL. The Image of Arabs in Modern Persian Literature.PORTUGUESE: FREELAND, ALAN. Discovering Portuguese.PORTUGUESE: HUTCHINSON, AMELIA P., & JANET LLOYD. Portuguese: An Essential Grammar.RUSSIAN: ADLER, IRMA, LJUDMILA BOLGOVA, JULIE DOST, & NELLI ZENTER. Express Track to Russian: A Teach‐Yourself Program. Translated from the German and adapted for speakers of English by Thomas R. Beyer, Jr. HauppaugeRUSSIAN: LUSIN, NATALIA. Master the Basics: Russian.SPANISH: ALONSO‐LYRINTZIS, DEANA, BRANDON ZASLOW, & HILDEBRANDO VILLAREAL. Entre mundos: An Integrated Approach for the Native Speaker.SPANISH: MARQUES, SARAH. La Lengua que Heredamos. Spanish for Bilinguals.SPANISH: SYRACUSE LANGUAGE SYSTEMS. TriplePlay‐Plus! Spanish.TESTING: BACHMAN, LYLE F., & ADRIAN S. PALMER. Language Testing in Practice.TESTING: GENESEE, FRED, & JOHN A. UPSHUR. Classroom‐Based Evaluation in Second Language Education.
Low‐dosage metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis: topoisomerase inhibitors irinotecan and mitoxantrone stimulate VEGF‐A‐mediated angiogenesis
Authors: ALBERTSSON PER , LENNERNäS BO , NORRBY KLAS 
Published: October 2011

Albertsson P, Lennernäs B, Norrby K. Low‐dosage metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis: topoisomerase inhibitors irinotecan and mitoxantrone stimulate VEGF‐A‐mediated angiogenesis. APMIS 2011.Metronomic chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and, consequently, tumor growth by targeting vascular endothelial cells (ECs). In these regimens, anti‐tumor activities additional to anti‐angiogenesis may operate. Moreover, chemotherapy typically generates reactive oxygen species in targeted ECs, which can affect angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to assess the systemic effect of low‐dosage metronomic treatment with either irinotecan or mitoxantrone on angiogenesis induced by VEGF‐A. Angiogenesis was induced in normal adult rat mesentery by intraperitoneal injection of a low dosage of VEGF‐A. Thereafter, irinotecan and mitoxantrone were infused separately continuously at minimally toxic dosages for 14 consecutive days via a subcutaneous osmotic minipump. Angiogenesis was assessed in terms of objective and quantitative variables using morphologic and computerized image analyses. Irinotecan or mitoxantrone significantly stimulated angiogenesis, with ironotecan increasing angiogenesis by 104%, when compared with the vehicle‐treated animals. Low‐dosage metronomic chemotherapy with irinotecan or mitoxantrone stimulates angiogenesis in the normal mesentery of rats, probably by inducing low‐level oxidative stress in the targeted ECs. Whether or not this pertains to tumor angiogenesis may be difficult to confirm, as several anti‐tumor modes may operate during low‐dosage metronomic chemotherapy.
Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery
Authors: Katsumi Yuji , Tanaka Ray , Hayashi Takafumi , Koga Taketo , Takagi Ritsuo , Ohshima Hayato 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectivesBleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.Materials and methodsDuring the gross anatomy course at the Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School, Niigata University (2009–2011), we investigated the relationship between the courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their dividing patterns of the mylohyoid muscle, sublingual gland, and mandible using 27 human cadavers.ResultsThe courses of submental and sublingual arteries were divided into four patterns: (1) the sublingual space was supplied by the sublingual artery (type I: 63%), (2) it was supplied by both the sublingual and submental arteries (type II: 5.6%), (3) it was supplied by the submental artery without the sublingual artery (type III: 29.6%), and (4) type III without the deep lingual artery originated from the lingual artery (type IV: 1.8%). In type II, III, and IV, the submental artery perforates the mylohyoid muscle or takes a roundabout route to travel near the surface of the mandible. The percentage occurrence of arteries traveling between the sublingual gland and mandible in type II, III, and IV (55%) is higher than that in type I (8.8%).ConclusionSusceptibility of the submental artery in type II, III, and IV to injury during implant surgery is suggested.
Postpartum Group AStreptococcusSepsis and Maternal Immunology
Authors: Mason Katie L. , Aronoff David M. 
Published: October 2011

CitationMason KL, Aronoff DM. Postpartum group AStreptococcussepsis and maternal immunology. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 91–100Group AStreptococcus(GAS) is an historically important agent of puerperal infections and sepsis. The inception of hand‐washing and improved hospital hygiene drastically reduced the incidence of puerperal sepsis, but recently the incidence and severity of postpartum GAS infections has been rising for uncertain reasons. Several epidemiological, host, and microbial factors contribute to the risk for GAS infection and mortality in postpartum women. These include the mode of delivery (vaginal versus cesarean section), the location where labor and delivery occurred, exposure to GAS carriers, the altered immune status associated with pregnancy, the genetic background of the host, the virulence of the infecting GAS strain, and highly specialized immune responses associated with female reproductive tract tissues and organs. This review will discuss the complicated factors that contribute to the increased susceptibility to GAS after delivery and potential reasons for the recent increase observed in morbidity and mortality.
Extended Dividend, Cash Flow, and Residual Income Valuation Models: Accounting for Deviations from Ideal Conditions*
Authors: Heinrichs Nicolas , Hess Dieter , Homburg Carsten , Lorenz Michael , Sievers Soenke 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPrevious empirical studies derive the standard equity valuation models (i.e., DDM, RIM, and DCF model) while assuming that ideal conditions, such as infinite payoffs and clean surplus accounting, exist. Because these conditions are rarely met, we extend the standard models by following the fundamental principle of financial statement articulation. We then empirically test the extended models by employing two sets of forecasts: (1) the analyst forecasts provided by Value Line, and (2) the forecasts generated by cross‐sectional regression models. The main result is that our extended models yield considerably smaller valuation errors. Moreover, by constructing these models, we obtain identical value estimates across the extended models. By reestablishing empirical equivalence under nonideal conditions, our approach provides a benchmark that enables us to quantify the errors caused by individual deviations from ideal conditions and thus to analyze the robustness of the standard models. Finally, by providing a level playing field for the different valuation models, our findings have implications for other empirical approaches, for example, estimating the implied cost of capital.
Antimicrobial Properties of a Chitosan Dextran-Based Hydrogel for Surgical Use
Authors: Aziz Manal A. , Cabral Jaydee D. , Brooks Heather J. L. , Moratti Stephen C. , Hanton Lyall R. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

A chitosan dextran-based (CD) hydrogel, developed for use in endoscopic sinus surgery, was tested for antimicrobial activity
in vitro
against a range of pathogenic microorganisms. The microdilution technique was used to determine minimum inhibitory, minimum bactericidal, and minimum fungicidal concentrations. In addition, the time-kill efficacy of CD hydrogel was determined for two bacterial species. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to elucidate the antimicrobial mechanism of this compound. CD hydrogel was found to be effective against
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Streptococcus pyogenes
,
Escherichia coli
, and
Clostridium perfringens
at its surgical concentration of 50,000 mg/liter. Minimum bactericidal concentrations ranged from 2,000 to 50,000 mg/liter. Dextran aldehyde (DA) was found to be the antimicrobial component of the CD hydrogel with MBC ranging from 2,000 to 32,000 mg/liter.
S. aureus
appeared to be killed at a slightly faster rate than
E. coli. Candida albicans
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
were more resistant to CD hydrogel and DA. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of
E. coli
and
S. aureus
incubated with CD hydrogel and DA alone revealed morphological damage, disrupted cell walls, and loss of cytosolic contents, compatible with the proposed mode of action involving binding to cell wall proteins and disruption of peptide bonds. Motility and chemotaxis tests showed
E. coli
to be inhibited when incubated with DA. The antibacterial activity of CD hydrogel may make it a useful postsurgical aid at other body sites, especially where there is a risk of Gram-positive infections.
Emergency clinicians' attitudes and decisions in patient scenarios involving advance directives
Authors: Wong Rebecca E , Weiland Tracey J , Jelinek George A 
Published: October 2011

IntroductionTo identify the decisions and attitudes of emergency clinicians in hypothetical scenarios involving advance directives (ADs).MethodsAn online survey distributed to members of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine elicited decisions on commencing full treatment (CFT), limiting treatment or palliation in hypothetical clinical scenarios. Quantitative data were summarised using number and percentage.Results388 surveys yielded a 13.0% response rate, including 190 fellows (51.9%) and 176 trainees (48.1%). For a 75-year-old patient with major trauma and unknown comorbidities requiring laparotomy, most participants (355/365, 97.3%) chose CFT. When an AD limiting treatment was made available, CFT decreased substantially (63/364, 17.3%), and the modal response was palliation (175/364, 48.1%). The most frequently reported influential factor in this decision was ethical obligation (82/383, 21.4%). For an elderly nursing-home resident with dementia, metastatic cancer and possible septic shock, 10.7% (39/366) chose CFT, changing little (21/365, 5.8%) with a directive requesting full treatment. The patient's presentation and history (189/375, 50.4%) overrode legal obligations (14/375, 3.7%) in influencing the decision. For a 55-year-old man with prostate cancer, hypoxia and acute respiratory distress (potentially requiring ventilatory support) saying, ‘I just want to end it all,’ most (233/366, 63.7%) chose CFT. A directive requesting limitation resulted in fewer decisions on CFT (43/368, 11.7%). Clear documentation was most important (100/362, 27.6%) in influencing this decision.ConclusionHypothetical treatment decisions involving ADs made by emergency clinicians appear to be more influenced by ethical and clinical factors than by legal obligations.
A probabilistic analysis of coverage methods
Authors: Fournier Laurent , Ziv Avi , Kutsy Ekaterina , Strichman Ofer 
Published: October 2011

Coverage is an important measure for the quality and completeness of the functional verification of hardware logic designs. Verification teams spend a significant amount of time looking for bugs in the design and in providing high-quality coverage. This process is performed through the use of various sampling strategies for selecting test inputs. The selection of sampling strategies to achieve the verification goals is typically carried out in an intuitive manner.
We studied several commonly used sampling strategies and provide a probabilistic framework for assessing and comparing their relative values. For this analysis, we derived results for two measures of interest: first, the probability of finding a bug within a given number of samplings; and second, the expected number of samplings until a bug is detected. These results are given for both recurring sampling schemes, in which the same inputs might be selected repeatedly, and for nonrecurring sampling schemes, in which already sampled inputs are never selected again.
By considering results from the theory of search, and more specifically, from the well-known multiarmed bandit problem, we demonstrate the optimality of a greedy sampling strategy within our defined framework.
A Practical Architecture for an Anycast CDN
Authors: Alzoubi Hussein A. , Lee Seungjoon , Rabinovich Michael , Spatscheck Oliver , Van Der Merwe Jacobus 
Published: October 2011

IP Anycast has many attractive features for any service that involve the replication of multiple instances across the Internet. IP Anycast allows multiple instances of the same service to be “naturally” discovered, and requests for this service to be delivered to the closest instance. However, while briefly considered as an enabler for content delivery networks (CDNs) when they first emerged, IP Anycast was deemed infeasible in that environment. The main reasons for this decision were the lack of load awareness of IP Anycast and unwanted side effects of Internet routing changes on the IP Anycast mechanism.
In this article we re-evaluate IP Anycast for CDNs by proposing a load-aware IP Anycast CDN architecture. Our architecture is prompted by recent developments in route control technology, as well as better understanding of the behavior of IP Anycast in operational settings. Our architecture makes use of route control mechanisms to take server and network load into account to realize load-aware Anycast. We show that the resulting redirection requirements can be formulated as a Generalized Assignment Problem and present practical algorithms that address these requirements while at the same time limiting connection disruptions that plague regular IP Anycast. We evaluate our algorithms through trace based simulation using traces obtained from a production CDN network.
High-Molecular-Weight and Total Adiponectin Levels and Incident Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease in Women
Authors: Ho Deborah Y. , Cook Nancy R. , Britton Kathryn A. , Kim Eunjung , Creager Mark A. , Ridker Paul M , Pradhan Aruna D. 
Published: October 2011

Background—
Adiponectin is linked to reduced diabetes risk and may be antiatherogenic, yet clinical data show no consistent relationship with incident cardiovascular events, especially among women. To our knowledge, no prior prospective studies have evaluated adiponectin, including high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, and incident peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Methods and Results—

We evaluated the relationship of total adiponectin, HMW adiponectin, and the HMW-to-total adiponectin ratio with incident symptomatic PAD in a prospective, nested case-control study conducted within the Women's Health Study (n=110 cases, n=230 controls, frequency matched in strata defined by 5-year age categories, smoking, fasting status, and follow-up time; median cohort follow-up=13.2 years). Baseline median levels of HMW and total adiponectin were significantly lower in women developing PAD than in those remaining event free (HMW: 3.3 versus 3.8 μg/mL,
P
=0.0005; total: 5.6 versus 7.4 μg/mL,
P
<0.0001). The ratio did not differ significantly between groups. Age-adjusted PAD odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) across tertiles were 1.0, 0.66 (0.39–1.13), and 0.40 (0.22–0.74) for HMW and 1.0, 0.74 (0.43–1.25), and 0.35 (0.18–0.65) for total adiponectin (
P
trend
=0.004 and 0.001, respectively). Results were similar after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, use of postmenopausal hormone therapy, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, leptin, hemoglobin A
1c
, and fasting insulin (adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for HMW: 1.0, 0.62 [0.29–1.34], 0.30 [0.12–0.74]; total: 1.0, 0.46 [0.22–1.00], 0.30 [0.12–0.76];
P
trend
=0.01 for both).

Conclusions—
Total and HMW adiponectin are inversely associated with incident PAD among initially healthy women. These prospective data support a protective role for this adipokine in peripheral atherosclerosis development.
Predictors of upper limb recovery after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Coupar Fiona , Pollock Alex , Rowe Phil , Weir Christopher , Langhorne Peter 
Published: October 2011

Objective: To systematically review and summarize the current available literature on prognostic variables relating to upper limb recovery following stroke. To identify which, if any variables predict upper limb recovery following stroke. Data sources: We completed searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Searches were completed in November 2010. Review methods: Studies were included if predictor variables were measured at baseline and linked to an outcome of upper limb recovery at a future time point. Exclusion criteria included predictor variables relating to response to treatment and outcome measurements of very specific upper limb impairments such as spasticity or pain. Two independent reviewers completed data extraction and assessed study quality. Results: Fifty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Predictor variables which have been considered within these studies include; age, sex, lesion site, initial motor impairment, motor-evoked potentials andsomatosensory-evoked potentials. Initial measures of upper limb impairment and function were found to be the most significant predictors of upper limb recovery; odds ratio 14.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 9.08–24.25) and 38.62 (95% CI 8.40–177.53), respectively. Conclusions: Interpretation of these results is complicated by methodological factors including variations in study populations, upper limb motor outcome scales, timing of baseline and outcome assessments and predictors selected. The most important predictive factors for upper limb recovery following stroke appears to the initial severity of motor impairment or function.
What information should a sponsor of a randomized trial receive during its conduct?
Authors: Anand Sonia S , Wittes Janet , Yusuf Salim 
Published: October 2011

Background The relationship and roles among the steering committee, the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB), and the sponsor of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) must be carefully defined to ensure the integrity of the trial. Purpose We present an unusual scenario that arose during the conduct of a large RCT in Canada that involved the relationship of the steering committee and the DSMB with the peer review sponsor. Methods Case study of a large RCT conducted in Canada and a commentary on the roles and responsibilities of the steering committee, DSMB, and sponsor. Conclusions This case illustrates the need for funding agencies to understand the importance of respecting the independence of the DSMB and the need to keep confidential emerging trends regarding study results, including the conditional probability, during the conduct of a trial.
Identifying the long-term needs of stroke survivors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Sumathipala Kethakie , Radcliffe Eloise , Sadler Euan , Wolfe Charles DA , McKevitt Christopher 
Published: October 2011

Objectives: To investigate how contextual factors, as described by the World Health Organisation’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), impact on stroke survivors’ functioning and how needs are perceived in the long term after stroke. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 participants between 1 and 11 years after stroke. Data were analysed thematically using the ICF conceptual framework. Results: Long-term needs related to activities of daily living, social participation, mobility aids, home adaptations, housing, financial support, rehabilitation, information and transport. Participants identified a range of ICF environmental and personal factors including ‘support and relationships,’ ‘products and technology,’ ‘services, systems and policies,’ ‘attitudes,’ life experiences, social position and personal attitudes. Interactions between these contextual factors shaped functioning and how long-term needs were perceived. Social support from family and friends was a key facilitator of functioning for most participants, buffering the impact of disabilities and mediating perceived needs. Needs were not always stroke specific as many participants experienced other health problems. Discussion: The ICF framework was useful to investigate how contextual factors shaped functioning and mediated perceived long-term needs. Development of services to meet long-term needs among stroke survivors should consider the range of environmental and personal factors affecting how needs are perceived.