bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dentition, Dental Health Habits, and Dementia: The Leisure World Cohort Study
Authors: Paganini‐Hill Annlia , White Stuart C. , Atchison Kathryn A. 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesTo explore the association between dentition and dental health behaviors and incident dementia.DesignLongitudinal cohort.SettingLeisure World, Laguna Hills, CA; a retirement community.ParticipantsFive thousand four hundred sixty‐eight older (median age 81) adults followed from 1992 to 2010.MeasurementsQuestions regarding dental health focused on number of natural teeth, dentures worn, number of visits to a dentist, and oral health habits. Dementia status was determined from in‐person evaluations, follow‐up questionnaires, hospital data, and death certificates. Estimates of dementia risk were calculated using Cox regression analysis in men and women separately.ResultsMen with inadequate natural masticatory function who did not wear dentures had a 91% greater risk of dementia than those with adequate natural masticatory function (≥10 upper teeth and ≥6 lower teeth). This risk was also greater in women but not significantly so. Dentate individuals who reported not brushing their teeth daily had a 22% to 65% greater risk of dementia than those who brushed three times daily.ConclusionIn addition to helping maintain natural, healthy, functional teeth, oral health behaviors are associated with lower risk of dementia in older adults.
Persistence and Remission of Musculoskeletal Pain in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Thielke Stephen M. , Whitson Heather , Diehr Paula , O'Hare Ann , Kearney Patricia M. , Chaudhry Sarwat I. , Zakai Neil A. , Kim Dae , Sekaran Nishant , Sale Joanna E. M. , Arnold Alice M. , Chaves Paulo , Newman Anne 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesTo characterize longitudinal patterns of musculoskeletal pain in a community sample of older adults over a 6‐year period and to identify factors associated with persistence of pain.DesignSecondary analysis of the Cardiovascular Health Study.SettingCommunity‐based cohort drawn from four U.S. counties.ParticipantsFive thousand ninety‐three men and women aged 65 and older.MeasurementsOver a 6‐year period, pain was assessed each year using a single question about the presence of pain in any bones or joints during the last year. If affirmative, participants were queried about pain in seven locations (hands, shoulders, neck, back, hips, knees, feet). Participants were categorized according to the percentage of time that pain was present and according to the intermittent or chronic pattern of pain. Factors associated with persistent pain during five remaining years of the study were identified.ResultsOver 6 years, 32% of participants reported pain for three or more consecutive years, and 32% reported pain intermittently. Of those who reported pain the first year, 54% were pain free at least once during the follow‐up period. Most of the pain at specific body locations was intermittent. Factors associated with remission of pain over 5 years included older age, male sex, better self‐rated health, not being obese, taking fewer medications, and having fewer depressive symptoms. Approximately half of those with pain reported fewer pain locations the following year.ConclusionMusculoskeletal pain in older adults, despite high prevalence, is often intermittent. The findings refute the notion that pain is an inevitable, unremitting, or progressive consequence of aging.
Initial Application of Reduced Port Surgery Using the Single Port Access Technique for Laparoscopic Canine Ovariectomy
Authors: Runge Jeffrey J. , Curcillo Paul G. , King Stephanie A. , Podolsky Erica R. , Holt David E. , Davidson Jeffrey , Agnello Kimberly A. 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveTo describe the Single port access (SPA) laparoscopic entry technique for canine ovariectomy (OVE), report complications, and outcomes.Study DesignPilot study.AnimalsIntact female dogs (n = 6).MethodsWith owner consent, 6 intact female dogs had SPA laparoscopic OVE. Data, including signalment, surgical time (from incision to completion of closure), size and location of port placement, need for conversion (both to standard multiport laparoscopy and laparotomy), as well as any intraoperative complications including blood loss or tissue injury were recorded.ResultsMean surgical time was 52.5 minutes (range, 45–60 minutes) and mean incision length, 1.8 cm (range, 1.5–2.0 cm). In an 18‐kg mix breed dog (dog 3), a “single port rescue” was required and located on midline 2‐cm caudal to the umbilicus. Close positioning of the trocars caused instrument interference, limited viewing, and prevented safe ligation of the ovarian vessels vein with a vessel‐sealing device. OVE was successfully completed laparoscopically in all dogs.ConclusionThe SPA laparoscopic entry technique can be used in dogs, although instrument and camera interference can occur if trocar placement is too consolidated within the initial skin incision.
Prevalence of Piriformis Syndrome in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients. A Clinical Diagnosis with Modified FAIR Test
Authors: Kean Chen Chee , Nizar Abd J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:  Piriformis syndrome is a collection of symptoms and signs of pain from piriformis muscle and is characterized by pain in buttock with variable involvement of sciatic nerve. This syndrome is often overlooked in clinical practice because its presentation has similarities with other spine pathologies. A major problem with the clinical diagnosis of piriformis syndrome is the lack of consistent objective findings and an absence of single test that is specific for piriformis syndrome. Therefore, a precise and reliable clinical method of diagnosing piriformis syndrome should be developed by clinicians.Methods:  This is a prospective observational study involving 93 consecutive patients who attended the Pain Management Unit for chronic low back pain. The diagnosis of piriformis syndrome was made using the modified Flexion Adduction Internal Rotation (FAIR) test, which is a combination of Lasègue sign and FAIR test. Prevalence of piriformis syndrome based on this technique was compared with the previous data using other techniques. Chi square (χ2) analysis was performed to detect the relationship between piriformis syndrome and the potential risk factors.Results:  On the basics of our diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of piriformis syndrome was 17.2% among low back pain patients. All the patients diagnosed with piriformis syndrome responded well with piriformis muscle injections. No significant associations were detected between piriformis syndrome and spine disorders.Conclusions:  Piriformis syndrome is a painful condition that is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of chronic buttock or low back pain. The modified FAIR test together with piriformis muscle injection is potentially a reliable method for the clinical diagnosis of piriformis syndrome.
Treatment Outcomes for Workers Compensation Patients in a US‐Based Interdisciplinary Pain Management Program
Authors: Gagnon Christine M. , Stanos Steven P. , van der Ende Geke , Rader Lynn R. , Harden R. Norman 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives:  Assess the efficacy of an outpatient‐based interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program for patients with active workers compensation claims.Patients:  Data were available for 101 patients, primarily with chronic low back pain (75%), who participated in the program.Methods:  Treatment included a 4‐week (Monday to Friday), 8‐hours/day graded progressive program that included individual and group therapies (pain psychology, physical therapy, occupational therapy, relaxation training/biofeedback, aerobic conditioning, pool therapy, vocational counseling, patient education and medical management). Outcome measures included program completion status, release‐to‐work status, return‐to‐work status, total scores on the Beck Depression Inventory, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale (MPQ VAS). The majority of the patients (65%) graduated from the program. Pre‐postoutcome data were available for those who graduated from the program. For noncompleters, last obtained MPQ VAS was compared with their initial MPQ VAS scores.Results:  Of those completing the program, most patients (91%)were released to return to work; with 80% released to full‐time status and 11% released to gradual return. Approximately half (49%) of the program completers returned to work. Paired‐samples t‐tests showed that program completers had significant reductions in depression (P = 0.000), pain‐related catastrophizing (P = 0.033), and pain intensity (P = 0.000), but not in anxiety (P = 0.098). Interestingly, the last obtained (at early discharge/withdrawal) pain intensity scores (M = 70.33) were higher than at baseline (M = 61.20) in the noncompleters. This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.127) but may be clinically meaningful.Discussion:  Our results support the efficacy of an outpatient‐based 4‐week interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program in decreasing emotional distress, reducing pain intensity, and improving return‐to‐work status in the majority of completers in this challenging population. Patients reporting increased pain at discharge or those discharged early may have been due to operant factors.
Correlation between Left Ventricular Global and Regional Longitudinal Systolic Strain and Impaired Microcirculation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Løgstrup Brian B. , Høfsten Dan E. , Christophersen Thomas B. , Møller Jacob E. , Bøtker Hans E. , Pellikka Patricia A. , Egstrup Kenneth 
Published: August 2012

Objectives: We investigated the correlation between left ventricular global and regional longitudinal systolic strain (GLS and LRS) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Furthermore, we investigated if LRS and GLS imaging is superior to conventional measures of left ventricle (LV) function. Methods: In a consecutive population of first time AMI patients, who underwent successful revascularization, we performed comprehensive TTE. GLS and LRS were obtained from the three standard apical views. Assessment of CFR by TTE was performed in a modified apical view using color Doppler guidance. Results: The study population consisted of 183 patients (51 females) with a median age of 63 [54;70] years. Eighty‐nine (49%) patients had a non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction and 94 (51%) patients had a ST elevation myocardial infarction. The GLS was −15.2 [−19.3;−10.1]% in the total population of 183 patients. Total wall motion score index (WMSI) in the population was 1.19 [1;1.5]. Eighty‐five patients suffered from culprit lesion in left anterior descending artery (LAD). The CFR in these patients was 1.86 [1.36;2.35] and the GLS was −14.3 [−18.9; −9.8]%. A significant difference was observed in the LRS in LAD territory in culprit LAD infarction patients with a CFR ≤ 2 (−9.6 [−13.77;−6.44]) compared with the LRS in LAD territory in culprit LAD infarction patients with a CFR > 2 (−19.33 [−21.1;−16.5]), P < 0.0001. We found no significant difference between WMSI in LAD territory in culprit LAD infarction patients with a CFR ≤ 2 (1.56 [1.06;2.23]) compared with WMSI in LAD territory in culprit LAD infarction patients with a CFR > 2 (1.37 [1.03;2.11]); P = 0.18. The same pattern was observed in both circumflex coronary artery (CX) and right coronary artery (RCA) territories. In the total population, we found a strong correlation between CFR and GLS (r = −0.85, P < 0.0001). This was also seen in the multivariate regression model adjusting for possible confounders including WMSI (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, we have shown a close association between myocardial deformation in patients with a recent AMI and the degree of diminished microcirculation. We found that both GLS and LRS correlated with CFR. We conclude that GLS and LRS are significantly better tools to assess impaired CFR and LV function after a recent AMI, than conventional echocardiographic measurements.
Regional Heterogeneity of Systolic Dysfunction Is Associated with Ventricular Dyssynchrony in Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Narrow QRS Complex
Authors: Matsumoto Kensuke , Tanaka Hidekazu , Tatsumi Kazuhiro , Kaneko Akihiro , Tsuji Takayuki , Ryo Keiko , Kawai Hiroya , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2012

Background: Regional heterogeneity of left ventricular (LV) contraction, known as dyssynergy, in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) patients has been previously reported, but no comprehensive analysis of this abnormality has been made. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that regional heterogeneity of systolic dysfunction is associated with LV dyssynchrony in IDC patients with a narrow QRS complex using novel three‐dimensional (3D) speckle‐tracking strain. Methods: We studied 54 consecutive IDC patients with ejection fraction (EF) of 34 ± 12% and QRS duration of 102 ± 13 msec (all <120 msec), and 30 age‐matched normal controls. The 3D speckle‐tracking LV dyssynchrony (LV dyssynchrony index) was quantified from all 16 LV sites to determine the standard deviation (SD) of time‐to‐peak strain. Similarly, regional heterogeneity of LV systolic function (LV dyssynergy index) was quantified from all 16 LV sites to establish the SD of peak 3D speckle‐tracking strain. Results: The LV dyssynergy and dyssynchrony indices of IDC patients were significantly larger than those of normal controls. Furthermore, IDC patients showed significantly higher Z‐scores for septum and inferior regions than for the free wall (3.34 ± 1.21 vs. 1.69 ± 1.06 and 2.79 ± 1.30 vs. 1.69 ± 1.06, respectively, P < 0.001). An important findings of multivariable analysis was that the LV dyssynergy index (β = 0.69, P < 0.001) and LVEF (β = −0.34, P = 0.001) were independent determinants of the LV dyssynchrony index. Conclusion: 3D speckle‐tracking strain revealed that the myocardial systolic dysfunction of IDC patients with a narrow QRS complex has a marked heterogeneous regional distribution. This regional heterogeneity as well as systolic dysfunction is thought to lead to LV dyssynchrony.
Arterial Anatomic Variations and Its Influence on Transradial Coronary Procedural Outcome
Authors: NORGAZ TUGRUL , GORGULU SEVKET , DAGDELEN SINAN 
Published: August 2012

Objectives:
Our aim was to establish the frequency of arterial anatomic variations and its relation to coronary procedural outcome in patients undergoing a first transradial coronary procedure.
Methods:
This was a single center prospective study. A total of 1,446 consecutive patients undergoing their first transradial coronary procedure were recruited. Retrograde radial arteriography was performed to define radial artery anatomy. If the operator encountered serious problems during crossing the subclavian‐aortic truncus, retrograde subclavian arteriography was also performed. Patient demographics; procedural data such as: total procedural duration, the number of catheters and guidewires used, the amount of contrast media usage, dose area product (DAP), and fluoroscopy time; and vascular complications were recorded.
Results:
Anatomic variations were noted in 270 patients (18.6%), and these patients were significantly older (mean age 64.4 ± 10.4 vs. 59.2 ± 10.8 years, P < 0.001) and more commonly female (46% vs. 33%, P < 0.001) with significantly higher procedural failure rates (8.8% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.006). In addition, procedural duration (P < 0.001) and fluoroscopy time (P < 0.001) were statistically longer in patients with anatomic variations. Anatomic variations also had an adverse impact on the amount of contrast agent usage (63.9 ± 28.3 mL vs. 59.1 ± 25.3 mL, P = 0.006) and minor vascular complication rate (P = 0.007).
Conclusions:
This study indicates that anatomic variation of the arterial path has an adverse impact on transradial coronary procedural outcome. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:418–424)
Thermodynamics of Nanoscale Lead Titanate and Barium Titanate Perovskites
Authors: Costa Gustavo C. C. , Saradhi Maram Pardha , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: August 2012

To explore the surface properties of perovskites with ions of different bond character, the surface and interface enthalpies of nanocrystalline
PbTiO

3 and
BaTiO

3 perovskites were determined for the first time by a combination of calorimetric, morphological, and structural analyses.
PbTiO

3 and
BaTiO

3 nanocrystalline samples of varying surface areas and degrees of agglomeration were synthesized by solvothermal and hydrothermal methods, respectively. All synthesized samples were characterized using X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Interface areas were estimated by comparing the surface areas measured by
N

2 adsorption to the crystallite sizes refined from X‐ray diffraction data. The integrated heats of water vapor adsorption on the surfaces of the nanocrystalline phases are −62 ± 4 kJ/mol for
PbTiO

3, which is less exothermic than the value −72 ± 9 kJ/mol for the isostructural
BaTiO

3, both phases having the same chemisorbed water coverage. Similar behavior is observed for the surface and interface enthalpies. The energies of the hydrous and anhydrous surfaces are 1.97 ± 0.67 J/m2 and 1.11 ± 0.23 J/m2 for
PbTiO

3, and 3.69 ± 0.22 J/m2 and 3.99 ± 0.28 J/m2 for
BaTiO

3, respectively. The interface energies of the hydrous and anhydrous surfaces are 0.55 ± 0.74 J/m2 and 0.73 ± 0.27 J/m2 for
PbTiO

3, and 1.11 ± 0.13 J/m2 for
BaTiO

3. These observations suggest that
PbTiO

3 has lower surface energy and lower affinity for water adsorption on the surface than
BaTiO

3 and that surface energy and hydrophilicity of the surface decrease with increasing covalent character of the ions, as was seen previously in comparing
TiO

2 and
SnO

2.
Towards a roadmap in brain protection and recovery
Authors: Muresanu Dafin F. , Buzoianu Anca , Florian Stefan I. , von Wild Tobias 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis article briefly reviews some of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, i.e. damage mechanisms (DM), and their interactions and overlap with protection and reparatory processes (i.e. endogenous defence activities). A relationship between DM and endogenous defence activity (EDA) regarding therapy principles will also be described. Currently, it is difficult to find the correct therapeutic approach for brain protection and recovery, especially because we do not fully understand all of the endogenous neurobiological processes, the complete nature of the pathophysiological mechanisms and the links between these two categories. Moreover, we continue to use a simplistic and reductionist approach in this respect. Endogenous neurobiological processes, such as neurotrophicity, neuroprotection, neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, are central to protection and recovery and represent the background of EDA. The biological reality of the nervous system is far more complex. In fact, there is an endogenous holistic process of neuroprotection and neurorecovery that should be approached therapeutically in an integrated way. The current tendency to exclusively frame drug activity in terms of single mechanisms and single focus effect might distract from other paradigms with greater explanatory power and hinder the development of more effective treatment strategies. A change of concept is required in pharmacological brain protection and recovery. Prospective considerations include an integrated pharmacological approach, focusing on drugs with multimodal activity and pleiotropic neuroprotective effect which are biological drugs, rather than single mechanism drugs, which usually are chemical drugs.
Murine spleen contains a diversity of myeloid and dendritic cells distinct in antigen presenting function
Authors: Hey Ying Y. , O'Neill Helen C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe spleen contains multiple subsets of myeloid and dendritic cells (DC). DC are important antigen presenting cells (APC) which induce and control the adaptive immune response. They are cells specialized for antigen capture, processing and presentation to naïve T cells. However, DC are a heterogeneous population and each subset differs subtly in phenotype, function and location. Similarly, myeloid cell subsets can be distinguished which can also play an important role in the regulation of immunity. This review aims to characterize splenic subsets of DC and myeloid cells to better understand their individual roles in the immune response.
Maternal cell‐free messenger RNA in twin pregnancies: the effects of chorionicity and severe twin to twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
Authors: FOX CAROLINE E. , SEKIZAWA AKIHIKO , PRETLOVE SAMANTHA J. , CHAN BEN C. , OKAI TAKASHI , KILBY MARK D. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract Objective. To investigate the effects of chorionicity and severe twin to twin transfusion (TTTS) on maternal circulating cell‐free messenger RNA (cf‐mRNA). Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting. A UK tertiary referral Fetal Medicine Center. Population. All monochorionic (MC) twins complicated by severe TTTS (n= 23) and a cohort of uncomplicated dichorionic (DC) (n= 10) and MC (n= 7) pregnancies, between October 2006 and December 2007. Methods. Maternal cf‐mRNA encoding glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1(VEGFR‐1(Flt‐1)), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF‐A), Endoglin, placental growth factor (PlGF), tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin‐like and EGF‐like domains 1 (Tie‐1), angiopoietin 1 (Ang‐1) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang‐2) were measured by a quantitative two‐step real‐time PCR assay after extraction from maternal plasma. Results. The amounts of cf‐mRNA detectable are reported for uncomplicated DC, MC and TTTS pregnancies, respectively: GAPDH – 80, 100 and 96%; VEGFR‐1 – 10, 0 and 26%; VEGF‐A‐ 80, 71 and 96%; Endoglin–70, 71 and 91%; PlGF–70, 57, 26%; Tie‐1 0, 43, 0%; Ang‐1 71, 50 and 60% and Ang‐2 83, 50 and 89%. There was a significant difference in VEGF‐A (medians DC –337.3, MC – 390.8, TTTS – 618.6 copies/mL plasma p= 0.024), Endoglin (medians DC‐14.49, MC‐1171, TTTS – 2896 copies/mL plasma p= 0.027) and Ang‐2 (medians DC‐13.66, MC‐8.49, TTTS 44.80 copies/mL plasma p= 0.007). Conclusion. Maternal cf‐mRNA could be reliably detected for GAPDH, PlGF, VEGF‐A, Endoglin, Ang‐1 and Ang‐2 in twin pregnancies and a significant difference was demonstrated in VEGF‐A, Endoglin and Ang‐2 between uncomplicated twins and MC twin pregnancies complicated by TTTS. If such alterations in maternal cf‐mRNA precede the onset of clinically apparent disease, this may be used as an adjuvant blood test to complement ultrasound screening.