bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fusarium head blight resistance measured by type II inoculation method among UK wheat cultivars and investigations into the relationship with anthers trapped and anthers retained
Authors: Browne Roy A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is a paucity of information on the relationship between anthers and Type II expression of Fusarium Head Blight resistance (measured by point inoculation of a spikelet and observing disease spread over the wheat spike). Twenty‐nine UK commercial wheat varieties were evaluated for the expression of Type II resistance. Anther extrusion was measured by counting the number of spikelets with anthers trapped between the lemma and palea (anthers trapped). In five spikelets where trapped anthers were not observed, the number of spikelets with anthers contained within the spikelet was counted (anthers retained). There was variation in expression in the expression of Type II resistance (p < .001), anthers trapped (p < .001) and anthers retained (p < .001). Anthers trapped and anthers retained were not correlated with each other, indicating both should be considered independently. Later maturity correlated with great resistance in the AHDB Type I resistance ratings but to greater susceptibility to point inoculations (Type II). Consistent with previous literature higher numbers of anthers trapped to increase susceptibility to FHB Type I. However, the relationships were reversed for the expression of resistance measured by point inoculation within the spikelet, where anthers trapped between the lemma and palea reduced susceptibility to Type II point inoculation (p < .01). This suggests a benefit of releasing some pollen from within the spikelet for this inoculation method. Similarly, anthers retained contributed to increased Type II susceptibility (p < .05), potentially providing substrates within the spikelet inoculation site aiding fungal growth, but correlated to greater Type I resistance (p < .05) indicating the anthers are hidden from initial infection on the outside of the spikelet, particularly under low infection pressure. While preliminary, this work suggests that variation in anthers trapped, anthers retained and maturity date may increase Type II expression of resistance and could relate to increased Type I FHB susceptibility.
Grain yield losses in wheat from the seed gall nematode Anguina tritici under field conditions
Authors: Tülek Adnan , Öztürk İrfan , Tülek Banu , Göktepe Onur , Laasli Salah‐Eddine , Lahlali Rachid , Dababat Abdelfattah A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe effects of the seed gall nematode ‘Anguina tritici’ (Steinbuch, 1799) on the agronomic characteristics of some bread wheat cultivars were investigated at the Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Türkiye. An experiment was carried out in two different locations in Edirne in the 2019–2020 growing season. A total of 19 winter bread wheat cultivars were evaluated to assess infected grain number, healthy grain number, infected grain rate and yield. According to the results of the combined variance analysis, a statistically significant difference (p ≤ .01) was found in terms of yield from the application of inoculum. Compared to the control in wheat cultivars, there was a 52.15% decrease in the yield of infected parcels due to the damage of wheat seed gall nematode. The highest yield loss in infected parcels occurred in cv. Damla with 64.22% loss, while the least yield loss occurred in cv. Yüksel cultivar with 19%. Pathological symptoms, curling and twisting of the leaves, were not observed on green plants of cv. Yüksel cultivated in the field.
Singlet oxygen generation on a superhydrophobic surface: Effect of photosensitizer coating and incident wavelength on 1O2 yields
Authors: Ihalagedara Hasanuwan B. , Xu QianFeng , Greer Alexander , Lyons Alan M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhotochemical generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) often relies on homogenous systems; however, a dissolved photosensitizer (PS) may be unsuitable for some applications because it is difficult to recover, expensive to replenish, and hazardous to the environment. Isolation of the PS onto a solid support can overcome these limitations, but implementation faces other challenges, including agglomeration of the solid PS, physical quenching of 1O2 by the support, photooxidation of the PS, and hypoxic environments. Here, we explore a superhydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (SH‐PDMS) support coated with the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)‐21H,23H‐porphyrin (TFPP). This approach seeks to address the challenges of a heterogeneous system by using a support that exhibits low 1O2 physical quenching rates, a fluorinated PS that is chemically resistant to photooxidation, and a superhydrophobic surface that entraps a layer of air, thus preventing hypoxia. Absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy reveal the monomeric arrangement of TFPP on SH‐PDMS surfaces, a surprising but favorable characteristic for a solid‐phase PS on 1O2 yields. We also investigated the effect of incident wavelength on 1O2 yields for TFPP in aqueous solution and immobilized on SH‐PDMS and found overall yields to be dependent on the absorption coefficient, while the yield per absorbed photon exhibited wavelength independence, in accordance with Kasha‐Vavilov's rule.
Photodynamic priming modulates cellular ATP levels to overcome P‐glycoprotein‐mediated drug efflux in chemoresistant triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Rahman Idrisa , Liang Barry , Sajid Andaleeb , Ambudkar Suresh V. , Huang Huang‐Chiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractP‐glycoprotein (P‐gp, ABCB1) is a well‐researched ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporter linked to the development of cancer multidrug resistance (MDR). Despite extensive studies, approved therapies to safely inhibit P‐gp in clinical settings are lacking, necessitating innovative strategies beyond conventional inhibitors or antibodies to reverse MDR. Photodynamic therapy is a globally approved cancer treatment that uses targeted, harmless red light to activate non‐toxic photosensitizers, confining its cytotoxic photochemical effects to disease sites while sparing healthy tissues. This study demonstrates that photodynamic priming (PDP), a sub‐cytotoxic photodynamic therapy process, can inhibit P‐gp function by modulating cellular respiration and ATP levels in light accessible regions. Using chemoresistant (VBL‐MDA‐MB‐231) and chemosensitive (MDA‐MB‐231) triple‐negative breast cancer cell lines, we showed that PDP decreases mitochondrial membrane potential by 54.4% ± 30.4 and reduces mitochondrial ATP production rates by 94.9% ± 3.46. Flow cytometry studies showed PDP can effectively improve the retention of P‐gp substrates (calcein) by up to 228.4% ± 156.3 in chemoresistant VBL‐MDA‐MB‐231 cells, but not in chemosensitive MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Further analysis revealed that PDP did not alter the cell surface expression level of P‐gp in VBL‐MDA‐MB‐231 cells. These findings indicate that PDP can reduce cellular ATP below the levels that is required for the function of P‐gp and improve intracellular substrate retention. We propose that PDP in combination with chemotherapy drugs, might improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and overcome cancer MDR.
A comprehensive review of Pseudocercospora fruit and leaf spot (angular leaf spot): Current status, advances and future directions for sustainable citrus production
Authors: Dofuor Aboagye Kwarteng , Obeng Joshua , Sossah Frederick Leo , Osabutey Angelina Fathia , Lutuf Hanif , Osei‐Owusu Jonathan , Ablormeti Fred Kormla , Duker Rahmat Quaigrane , Loh Seyram Kofi , Honger Joseph Okani , Opoku Maxwell Jnr , Aidoo Owusu Fordjour 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPseudocercospora fruit and leaf spot (PFLS), also known as angular leaf spot of citrus, is a devastating fungal disease that poses a significant threat to citrus production, profitability and food security in sub‐Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. In the present review, we explore current knowledge regarding PFLS management initiatives, including cultural practices, chemical control strategies and biological interventions. Furthermore, this review highlights the challenges faced in controlling PFLS and emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable and cost‐effective solutions to combat the disease. We discuss recent advancements and emerging prospects in understanding PFLS, including novel approaches for disease management and the potential for developing resistant citrus cultivars through breeding programmes or genetic modification. By synthesizing existing research findings and identifying gaps in knowledge, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of PFLS and its impact on food security. We emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts, knowledge exchange and developing integrated disease management strategies to control PFLS and mitigate its detrimental effects on citrus production and farmers' livelihoods in affected regions.
Development of a severity scale and an RT‐qPCR assay for screening resistance levels in rice genotypes against rice stripe necrosis virus and its vector
Authors: do Nascimento Samara Campos , Scheuermann Klaus Konrad , Pereira Fernando Sartori , Gorayeb Eduardo Silva , Albuquerque Matheus Rodrigues Magalhães , Mendes Giselle Camargo , de Mello Raquel Neves , Lau Douglas , da Silva Fabio Nascimento 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRice stripe necrosis virus (RSNV) is the causal agent of the disease ‘rice crinkling’ and is transmitted by the protozoan Polymyxa graminis. Although genetic resistance has been explored, no resistant commercial cultivars are currently available. Oryza glaberrima has been identified as a promising source of resistance. However, it remains unclear whether this resistance is effective against the virus, the vector, or both, as well as whether it can be transferred to Oryza sativa cultivars. Disease‐resistant genotypes are primarily selected through visual observations of symptom expression. The absence of a severity scale for RSNV makes this process difficult, and relying solely on visual assessments can introduce subjectivity. We developed a severity scale and a reverse transcripiton‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) assay for screening resistance levels in rice genotypes against RSNV and its vector and to analyse the genetic variability of RSNV isolates. To achieve absolute quantification, experiments were conducted using O. glaberrima and three O. sativa cultivars. Inoculation occurred naturally using soil from an area with a history of the disease. Visual symptoms were recorded and disease intensity was evaluated. Subsequently, total nucleic acid extraction was performed on the samples and viral and vector loads were quantified through RT‐qPCR and qPCR, respectively. To characterize the virus variability, symptomatic rice samples were collected in the 2021/2022 crop season. RT‐PCR was conducted to amplify the coat protein gene of RSNV, and molecular variability descriptors were analysed.
Preliminary validation of the Norwegian version of the Berlin Misophonia Questionnaire Revised (BMQ‐R‐NOR)
Authors: Krog Eirin , Falck Andreas , Nielsen Guri Engernes 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo perform a psychometric evaluation of a Norwegian version of the Berlin Misophonia Questionnaire Revised (BMQ‐R‐NOR).DesignParticipants completed online versions of the self‐report questionnaire BMQ‐R‐NOR on two occasions and MQ‐NOR on one occasion. Convergent validity was assessed through Spearman's correlation between BMQ‐R‐NOR and MQ‐NOR. Internal consistency was evaluated with McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha. Test–retest reliability was evaluated using Cohen's weighted kappa and intraclass correlation.Study sample82 participants with self‐reported misophonia took part in the study at T1, and 53 of these participated at T2. However, only 41 of them were included in the test–retest analyses due to 12 participants being in treatment between T1 and T2.ResultsSubscales from the BMQ‐R‐NOR and MQ‐NOR were significantly positively correlated, indicating evidence of convergent validity (rs = 0.22*–0.74**). The BMQ‐R‐NOR showed overall good internal consistency (omega = 0.72–0.93; alpha = 0.70–0.93) and satisfactory test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.35–0.92).ConclusionThe psychometric properties of the BMQ‐R‐NOR are considered satisfactory. However, it is advised to exercise caution when using it until further comprehensive validation studies are conducted to ensure robustness and reliability in clinical practice.
Comparison of prophylaxis and preemptive strategy as cytomegalovirus prevention in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Camus Christophe , Poinot Mélanie , Pronier Charlotte , Rayar Michel , Neillon Anne Le , Latournerie Marianne , Lagathu Gisèle , Revest Matthieu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesProphylaxis (P) or pre‐emptive strategy (PS) in high‐risk liver transplant recipients (LTRs) are either recommended. We compared the results of each strategy.MethodsTwo groups of LTR transplanted during two consecutive periods were compared. Only cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐mismatched LTR (Donor +/ Recipient ‐) were included. The primary endpoints were: the onset of polymerase chain reaction‐based DNAemia and the proportion of patients with CMV disease. A number of episodes of CMV infection, antiviral therapy, ganciclovir resistance, infectious or immunological complications, cost of both strategies, and survival (1, 5, and 10 years) were also compared.ResultsForty‐eight and 60 patients were respectively included in the P and PS groups. Eighteen (38%) in the P group and 56 (93%) in the PS group had CMV DNAemia (p<.0001) with a similar CMV disease rate (16.7% and 15%). Duration of curative therapy was longer in the PS group: 91 days versus 16 (p<.0001). Acute rejection was less frequent (p = .04) and more patients experienced a ganciclovir‐resistant CMV infection in the PS group (10% vs. 0,p = .03). The drug‐associated cost of PS was higher (10 004 vs. 4804€) and the median number of rehospitalization days tended to be higher (6 vs. 4,p = .06). Survival at any time was similar.ConclusionWe reported more CMV DNAemias and ganciclovir‐resistant CMV events with PS. The cost of the PS strategy was higher.image
The BEL1‐like homeodomain protein OsBLH4 regulates rice plant height, grain number, and heading date by repressing the expression of OsGA2ox1
Authors: Cao Chengjuan , Guo Shuaiqiang , Deng Ping , Yang Shiyi , Xu Jing , Hu Tengfei , Hu Zhijuan , Chen Di , Zhang Hongsheng , Navea Ian Paul , Chin Joong Hyoun , Zhang Wenhua , Jing Wen 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYGibberellins (GAs) play crucial roles in regulating plant architecture and grain yield of crops. In rice, the inactivation of endogenous bioactive GAs and their precursors by GA 2‐oxidases (GA2oxs) regulates stem elongation and reproductive development. However, the regulatory mechanisms of GA2ox gene expression, especially in rice reproductive organs, are unknown. The BEL1‐like homeodomain protein OsBLH4, a negative regulatory factor for the rice OsGA2ox1 gene, was identified in this study. Loss of OsBLH4 function results in decreased bioactive GA levels and pleiotropic phenotypes, including reduced plant height, decreased grain number per panicle, and delayed heading date, as also observed in OsGA2ox1‐overexpressing plants. Consistent with the mutant phenotype, OsBLH4 was predominantly expressed in shoots and young spikelets; its encoded protein was exclusively localized in the nucleus. Molecular analysis demonstrated that OsBLH4 directly bound to the promoter region of OsGA2ox1 to repress its expression. Genetic assays revealed that OsBLH4 acts upstream of OsGA2ox1 to control rice plant height, grain number, and heading date. Taken together, these results indicate a crucial role for OsBLH4 in regulating rice plant architecture and yield potential via regulation of bioactive GA levels, and provide a potential strategy for genetic improvements of rice.
Lateral canthal reconstruction for the treatment of macroblepharon/diamond eye conformation in dogs
Authors: Kecova Helga , Miller William W. , Lindley Denise M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeTo introduce a novel surgical technique for treatment of macroblepharon and diamond eye conformation in dogs.MethodsLateral canthal reconstruction was used in dogs with prominent eyelid malformations resulting in ocular surface disease. Lateral canthus was resected and new lateral canthus was created using a two‐layer closure. This technique was performed either alone or in combination with additional procedure(s). Additionally, this technique was used to resect lateral canthal dermoid.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐three eyes of 85 dogs were included in the study. Procedure was done for macroblepharon and/or lateral canthal entropion (149 eyes of 81 dogs) or for lateral canthal dermoid (four eyes of four dogs). Procedure was done either alone (n = 68 eyes) or in combination with additional procedure (n = 85 eyes). Favorable cosmetic outcome and client satisfaction was achieved in all dogs. Good to excellent functional outcome was recorded in all but 6 eyes of 4 dogs, which required additional surgery. Most common complications included slight undercorrection or overcorrection.ConclusionsLateral canthal reconstruction is a simple yet effective surgical procedure for macroblepharon and/or lateral canthal entropion. If done early, it prevents development of secondary eyelid malformation (“pagoda defect”) in giant breed dogs. If done after severe eyelid malformation has developed, combining this technique with concurrent pagoda resection is recommended to achieve ideal eyelid conformation. None.
How far can reformulation participate in improving the nutritional quality of diets at population level? A modelling study using real food market data in France
Authors: Sarda Barthélémy , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle , Srour Bernard , Deschasaux-Tanguy Mélanie , Fialon Morgane , Fezeu Léopold K , Galan Pilar , Hercberg Serge , Touvier Mathilde , Julia Chantal 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundFood reformulation is promoted as a tool to improve the nutritional quality of population diets. However, the potential impact of industry-wide reformulation on dietary intake has been investigated minimally.ObjectivesThe aim was to estimate the impact on the French population nutrient intakes of industry-wide reformulation towards healthier products using the updated nutrient profiling system underpinning the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS).MethodsDietary data were retrieved from the Nutrinet-Santé cohort at baseline (N=100 418), providing detailed information regarding participants’ food choices (N>3000 generic food items). Each individual food from 24 hours dietary record was matched with French food market data from OpenFoodFacts database (N=119 073 products). Three scenarios were constructed using nutrient content of currently existing food products: (1) all products available (baseline situation); (2) only existing products of better nutritional quality were available as potential substitutes and (3) only existing products of poorer quality were available. The assessment of the nutritional quality was based on the uNS-NPS score. Finally, dietary intakes were calculated for each scenario after random attribution of healthier/less healthy products as dietary choices. Monte-Carlo iterations (n=300) were conducted to generate uncertainty intervals.ResultsAfter simulation of reformulation using scenario 2, reduction in daily intake in comparison with the baseline situation was observed for energy (–55 kcal/day, –2.9%), saturated fat (–2.4g/day, –7.6%), sugar (–4.8g/day, –5.3%) and salt (–0.54g/day, –8.3%) and increase was observed for fibre (+1.0g/day, +4.9%). Improvements in diet quality were observed regardless of the overall quality of diet. The most important contributors to diet improvement were the followings: (1) sugars: sugary products, sweet bakery products and dairy products; (2) saturated fat: sweet bakery products, dairy products and prepared dishes and (3) salt: bread, prepared dishes, vegetable preparations and soups.ConclusionWidespread reformulation of food offer appeared to be an opportunity for improving nutritional status at population level in France.
Bidirectional associations between mental disorders, antidepressants and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Cao Hongbao , Baranova Ancha , Zhao Qian , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: June 2024

Background
Mental disorders have a high comorbidity with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the causality between them has not been fully appreciated.

Objective
This study aimed to systematically explore the bidirectional causality between the two broad categories of diseases.

Methods
We conducted Mendelian randomisation (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses to evaluate potential causal links between 10 mental disorders, the use of antidepressants and 7 CVDs.

Findings
We discovered that major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and insomnia exhibit connections with elevated risks of two or more CVDs. Moreover, the use of antidepressants is linked to heightened risks of each CVD. Each distinct CVD is correlated with a greater probability of taking antidepressants. Our MVMR analysis demonstrated that the use of antidepressants is correlated with the elevation of respective risks across all cardiovascular conditions. This includes arrhythmias (OR: 1.28), atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.44), coronary artery disease (OR: 1.16), hypertension (OR: 1.16), heart failure (OR: 1.16), stroke (OR: 1.44) and entire CVD group (OR: 1.35). However, MDD itself was not linked to a heightened risk of any CVD.

Conclusions
The findings of our study indicate that MDD, insomnia and ADHD may increase the risk of CVD. Our findings highlight the utilisation of antidepressants as an independent risk factor for CVD, thus explaining the influence of MDD on CVD through the mediating effects of antidepressants.

Clinical implications
When treating patients with antidepressants, it is necessary to take into consideration the potential beneficial and detrimental effects of antidepressants.