bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Antitumor Agents. Part 271. Total Synthesis and Evaluation of Brazilein and Analogues as Antiinflammatory and Cytotoxic Agents.
Authors: Yen Chiao‐Ting , Nakagawa‐Goto Kyoko , Hwang Tsong‐Long , Wu Pei‐Chi , Morris‐Natschke Susan L. , Lai Wan‐Chun , Bastow Kenneth F. , Chang Fang‐Rong , Wu Yang‐Chang , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe first total synthesis of the unique tetracyclic homoisoflavonoid brazilein (Va) and some new ester, ether and carbamate analogues is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Intercalation Chemistry in a LDH System: Anion Exchange Process and Staging Phenomenon Investigated by Means of Time‐Resolved, in situ X‐Ray Diffraction
Authors: Taviot‐Gueho Christine , Feng Yongjun , Faour Azzam , Leroux Fabrice 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReview: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Zirconium Dioxide with Defined Particle Morphology and a Hierarchically Structured Pore System by Combined Exo‐ and Endotemplate Synthesis
Authors: Glaeser R. , Heinrich A. , With P. , Lutecki M. , Fichtner S. , Boehringer B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReview: 9 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Roles of Outer Membrane Cytochromes of Shewanella and Geobacter in Extracellular Electron Transfer
Authors: Shi Liang , Richardson David J. , Wang Zheming , Kerisit Sebastien N. , Rosso Kevin M. , Zachara John M. , Fredrickson James K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReview: 49 refs.
Hypoxia‐Selective Growth Inhibition of Cancer Cells by Furospinosulin‐1, a Furanosesterterpene Isolated from an Indonesian Marine Sponge
Authors: Arai Masayoshi , Kawachi Takashi , Setiawan Andi , Kobayashi Motomasa 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt is generally accepted that cancer cells, which have adapted to the hypoxic environments in tumor tissues, aggravate cancer pathology by promoting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, compounds that selectively inhibit the growth of tumor cells in hypoxic environments are expected to provide new leads for promising anticancer drugs. Furospinosulin‐1, a marine‐sponge‐derived furanosesterterpene, exhibited selective antiproliferative activity against DU145 human prostate cancer cells under hypoxic conditions in concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM. Furospinosulin‐1 also demonstrated antitumor activity at 10–50 mg kg−1 oral administration in a mouse model inoculated with sarcoma S180 cells. Mechanistic analysis revealed that furospinosulin‐1 suppresses transcription of the insulin‐like growth factor‐2 gene (IGF‐2), which is selectively induced under hypoxic conditions through prevention of the binding of nuclear proteins to the Sp1 consensus sequence in the IGF‐2 promoter region.
Gas‐Phase Kinetics of Hydroxyl Radical Reactions with Alkenes: Experiment and Theory
Authors: Daranlot Julien , Bergeat Astrid , Caralp Françoise , Caubet Philippe , Costes Michel , Forst Wendell , Loison Jean‐Christophe , Hickson Kevin M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReactions of the hydroxyl radical with propene and 1‐butene are studied experimentally in the gas phase in a continuous supersonic flow reactor over the range 50≤T/K≤224. OH radicals are produced by pulsed laser photolysis of H2O2 at 266 nm in the supersonic flow and followed by laser‐induced fluorescence in the (1, 0) A2Σ+←X2Π3/2 band at about 282 nm. These reactions are found to exhibit negative temperature dependences over the entire temperature range investigated, varying between (3.1–19.2) and (4.2–28.6)×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 for the reactions of OH with propene and 1‐butene, respectively. Quantum chemical calculations of the potential energy surfaces are used as the basis for energy‐ and rotationally resolved Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus calculations to determine the rate constants over a range of temperatures and pressures. The negative temperature dependences of the rate constants are explained by competition between complex redissociation and passage to the adducts by using a model with two transition states. The results are compared and contrasted with earlier studies and discussed in terms of their potential relevance to the atmosphere of Saturn.
Binge eating disorder, weight cycling, and psychopathology
Authors: Kuehnel Robert H. , Wadden Thomas A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study examined differences among a total of 70 obese binge eaters, nonbingers, and problem eaters in depression, cognitive function, weight‐ and eating‐related disturbances, and weight cycling. Subjects diagnosed with binge eating disorder (BED) scored significantly higher on depression and on several measures of cognitive dysfunction than did subjects in the other two groups. In addition, they reported significantly greater preoccupation with thinness and feelings of ineffectiveness, as well as a greater likelihood of eating in response to negative emotions. No relationship, however, was found between binge eating and weight cycling. Comparison of subjects identified as low‐ and high‐weight cyclers revealed no significant differences between these two groups on depression, cognitive dysfunction, or the majority of the other measures of weight‐ and eating‐related disturbance. The findings are discussed in terms of the implications for treating persons with BED and/or a history of weight cycling.
Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 9/10
Authors: Mönnich Maren , Hess Isabell , Wiest Waltraud , Bachrati Csanad , Hickson Ian D. , Schorpp Michael , Boehm Thomas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis issue's cover consists of a collage of images taken from Mönnich et al. (pp. 2379–2384). In this elegant study, the authors describe the identification and characterization of two deleterious mutations in the zebrafish topoisomerase III alpha (top3a) gene that reveal an unexpected tissue‐specific requirement of top3a function in developing thymocytes. In the forefront, the structure of the E. coli Top3 protein in complex with ssDNA substrate is depicted. In the background, the image depicts a lateral view of rag1‐specific RNA in situ hybridization in a 5‐day post‐fertilization zebrafish embryo, allowing for the detection of differentiating thymocytes.
A Simple and Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Benzo[b]furans by Sonogashira Coupling–5‐endo‐dig Cyclization Catalyzed by Palladium Nanoparticles in Water Under Ligand‐ and Copper‐Free Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Saha Debasree , Dey Raju , Ranu Brindaban C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzo[b]furan derivatives has been developed by the reaction of 2‐iodophenols and arylacetylenes in water catalyzed by palladium nanoparticles generated in situ in open air. The reaction does not require any additive, ligand, or co‐catalyst. The reaction occurs through Sonogashira coupling of 2‐iodophenols with phenylacetylenes followed by 5‐endo‐dig cyclization. A series of functionalized benzo[b]furan derivatives was obtained in high yields by this procedure.
Falling forward: Lessons learned from critical reflection on an evaluation process with a prisoner reentry program
Authors: Hooper Barbara 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA formative evaluation of life‐skills learning modules with men and women in a residential prisoner reentry program where careful attention was given to voice, power, and engagement, is described and analyzed. The author reflects on the evaluation process through the critical theory lens of “being self‐critical can illuminate how practices maintain oppressive conditions.” Questions about whose voices remained dominant and whose power was suppressed are discussed. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
Identifying candidate causal variants via trans‐population fine‐mapping
Authors: Teo Yik‐Ying , Ong Rick T.H. , Sim Xueling , Tai E‐Shyong , Chia Kee‐Seng 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have discovered and confirmed a large number of loci that are implicated with disease susceptibility and severity. Polymorphisms that emerged from these studies are mostly indirectly associated to the phenotype, and the natural progression is to identify the causal variants that are functionally responsible for these association signals. Long stretches of high linkage disequilibrium (LD) benefitted the initial discovery phase in a genome‐wide scan, allowing commercial genotyping products with imperfect coverage to detect genomic regions genuinely associated with the phenotype. However, regions of high LD confound the fine‐mapping phase, as markers that are perfectly correlated to the causal variants display similar evidence of phenotypic association, hampering the process of differentiating the functional polymorphisms from neighboring surrogates. Here, we explore the potential of integrating information across different populations for narrowing the candidate region that a causal variant resides in, and compare the efficacy of this process of trans‐population fine‐mapping with the extent of variation in patterns of LD between the populations. In addition, we explore two different strategies for pooling data across multiple populations for the purpose of prioritizing the rankings of the causal variants. Our results clearly establish the benefits of trans‐population analysis in reducing the number of possible candidates for the causal variants, particularly in genomic regions displaying strong evidence of inter‐population LD variation. Directly integrating the statistical evidence by summing the test statistics outperforms the standard meta‐analytic procedure. These findings have direct relevance to the design and analysis of ongoing fine‐mapping studies. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 653‐664, 2010.© 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi‐response optimization and empirical modeling of cardiopulmonary responses during manual lifting tasks
Authors: Batish Ajay , Bhattacharya Anirban , Singh Baljeet 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn experimental study involving five independent lifting variables (namely weight, lift frequency, horizontal distance from the object, operator, and vertical distance) and their interactions was conducted using the Taguchi L27 design. Two responses—heart rate and oxygen uptake—were measured during each trial. To optimize both responses simultaneously, the signal‐to‐noise ratio was normalized to obtain a multi‐response signal‐to‐noise (MRSN) ratio for each trial. The MRSN ratio was analyzed using analysis of variance to identify the optimal condition in which both responses were optimized at the same time. Lift frequency was found to be the most significant factor, and operator and horizontal distance were found to be least significant. The empirical modeling equation was developed and can be used to predict the response values during experimental trials involving similar work conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel 19F agent for detection and quantification of human dendritic cells using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bonetto Fernando , Srinivas Mangala , Heerschap Arend , Mailliard Robbie , Ahrens Eric T. , Figdor Carl G. , de Vries I. Jolanda M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMonitoring of cell therapeutics in vivo is of major importance to estimate its efficacy. Here, we present a novel intracellular label for 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based cell tracking, which allows for noninvasive, longitudinal cell tracking without the use of radioisotopes. A key advantage of 19F MRI is that it allows for absolute quantification of cell numbers directly from the MRI data. The 19F label was tested in primary human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells. These cells took up label effectively, resulting in a labeling of 1.7 ± 0.1 × 1013
19F atoms per cell, with a viability of 80 ± 6%, without the need for electroporation or transfection agents. This results in a minimum detection sensitivity of about 2,000 cells/voxel at 7 T, comparable with gadolinium‐labeled cells. Comparison of the detection sensitivity of cells labeled with 19F, iron oxide and gadolinium over typical tissue background showed that unambiguous detection of the 19F‐labeled cells was simpler than with the contrast agents. The effect of the 19F agent on cell function was minimal in the context of cell‐based vaccines. From these data, we calculate that detection of 30,000 cells in vivo at 3 T with a reasonable signal to noise ratio for 19F images would require less than 30 min with a conventional fast spin echo sequence, given a coil similar to the one used in this study. This is well within acceptable limits for clinical studies, and thus, we conclude that 19F MRI for quantitative cell tracking in a clinical setting has great potential.
Mutations in FKBP10 cause recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and bruck syndrome
Authors: Kelley Brian P , Malfait Fransiska , Bonafe Luisa , Baldridge Dustin , Homan Erica , Symoens Sofie , Willaert Andy , Elcioglu Nursel , Van Maldergem Lionel , Verellen-Dumoulin Christine , Gillerot Yves , Napierala Dobrawa , Krakow Deborah , Beighton Peter , Superti-Furga Andrea , De Paepe Anne , Lee Brendan 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue characterized by bone fragility and alteration in synthesis and posttranslational modification of type I collagen. Autosomal dominant OI is caused by mutations in the genes (COL1A1 or COL1A2) encoding the chains of type I collagen. Bruck syndrome is a recessive disorder featuring congenital contractures in addition to bone fragility; Bruck syndrome type 2 is caused by mutations in PLOD2 encoding collagen lysyl hydroxylase, whereas Bruck syndrome type 1 has been mapped to chromosome 17, with evidence suggesting region 17p12, but the gene has remained elusive so far. Recently, the molecular spectrum of OI has been expanded with the description of the basis of a unique posttranslational modification of type I procollagen, that is, 3-prolyl-hydroxylation. Three proteins, cartilage-associated protein (CRTAP), prolyl-3-hydroxylase-1 (P3H1, encoded by the LEPRE1 gene), and the prolyl cis-trans isomerase cyclophilin-B (PPIB), form a complex that is required for fibrillar collagen 3-prolyl-hydroxylation, and mutations in each gene have been shown to cause recessive forms of OI. Since then, an additional putative collagen chaperone complex, composed of FKBP10 (also known as FKBP65) and SERPINH1 (also known as HSP47), also has been shown to be mutated in recessive OI. Here we describe five families with OI-like bone fragility in association with congenital contractures who all had FKBP10 mutations. Therefore, we conclude that FKBP10 mutations are a cause of recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and Bruck syndrome, possibly Bruck syndrome Type 1 since the location on chromosome 17 has not been definitely localized. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Effects of denosumab on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Eastell Richard , Christiansen Claus , Grauer Andreas , Kutilek Stepan , Libanati Cesar , McClung Michael R , Reid Ian R , Resch Heinrich , Siris Ethel , Uebelhart Daniel , Wang Andrea , Weryha Georges , Cummings Steve R 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to RANKL, decreases bone remodeling, increases bone density, and reduces fracture risk. This study evaluates the time course and determinants of bone turnover marker (BTM) response during denosumab treatment, the percentage of denosumab-treated women with BTMs below the premenopausal reference interval, and the correlations between changes in BTMs and bone mineral density (BMD). The BTM substudy of the Fracture REduction Evaulation of Denosumab in Osteoporosis every 6 Months (FREEDOM) Trial included 160 women randomized to subcutaneous denosumab (60 mg) or placebo injections every 6 months for 3 years. Biochemical markers of bone resorption (serum C-telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX] and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatise [TRACP-5b]) and bone formation (serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide [PINP] and bone alkaline phosphatase [BALP]) were measured at baseline and at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Decreases in CTX were more rapid and greater than decreases in PINP and BALP. One month after injection, CTX levels in all denosumab-treated subjects decreased to levels below the premenopausal reference interval. CTX values at the end of the dosing period were influenced by baseline CTX values and the dosing interval. The percentage of subjects with CTX below the premenopausal reference interval before each subsequent injection decreased from 79% to 51% during the study. CTX and PINP remained below the premenopausal reference interval at all time points in 46% and 31% denosumab-treated subjects, respectively. With denosumab, but not placebo, there were significant correlations between CTX reduction and BMD increase (r = −0.24 to −0.44). The BTM response pattern with denosumab is unique and should be appreciated by physicians to monitor this treatment effectively. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Production of biodiesel from wet activated sludge
Authors: Revellame Emmanuel , Hernandez Rafael , French William , Holmes William , Alley Earl , Callahan II Robert 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The production of biodiesel from activated sludge obtained from Tuscaloosa, AL was optimized based on the yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using an in situ transesterification process. An orthogonal central composite response surface design was considered to investigate the main and interaction effects of temperature, methanol to sludge ratio, and catalyst concentration.RESULTS: The biodiesel yield can be satisfactorily described by the quadratic response surface model with R2 of 0.836 and a statistically not significant lack of fit (p = 0.254). Coded regression coefficients, main effect plots and surface plots indicated that maximum biodiesel yield may be obtained at 75 °C, 30 mL g−1 (methanol/sludge) and 10% volume (catalyst concentration). Numerical optimization showed that at this reaction condition, a biodiesel yield of 3.78% (weight) can be obtained. Experimental verification gave a biodiesel yield of 3.93 ± 0.15% (weight) giving a model error of 7.35%. This indicates high reliability of the model.CONCLUSIONS: The economic analysis showed that the in situ transesterification of wet activated sludge (84.5% weight moisture) is less economical than the in situ transesterification of dried sludge (5% weight moisture). However, sensitivity analysis indicated that the process can be made more economical by reduction of water to 50% (weight). At this level of moisture, a biodiesel break‐even price of around $7.00 per gallon is attainable, which is still more expensive than petroleum‐based diesel (∼$2.95 per gallon). For the biodiesel from activated sludge to be economically competitive, a biodiesel yield of at least 10% (weight) is necessary. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of combined administration of low‐dose gossypol with steroid hormones on the mitotic phase of spermatogenesis of rat
Authors: Chang Qing , Qian Xiaojing , Xu Zenglu , Zhang Chengxia 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOur previous studies suggested that combined low‐dose gossypol with steroid hormones possesses a reversible antifertility role on adult male rat. Spermatocyte apoptosis during the meiosis of spermatogenesis is the main reason for the antifertility. This study evaluates the effects of the regimen on the mitosis of spermatogenesis. Thirty‐two adult male rats were divided into four groups randomly, Group GH: rats were fed orally with gossypol acetic acid (GA, 12.5 mg/kg d) and desogestrel (DSG, 0.125 mg/kg d)/ethinylestradiol (EE, 0.025 mg/kg d)/testosterone undecanoate (TU, 100 mg/kg d); Group G: a single dose of GA (12.5 mg/kg d); Group H: the same dosage of DSG/EE/TU as in Group GH; Group C: rats were treated with vehicle (1% methyl cellulose) as control. Testes were removed at the 8th week after treatment to assess the weight, volumes, diameter, and degenerated rate of seminiferous tubule, spermatogonia is quantitated by stereological assay. TUNEL assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry were used to determine the germ cell apoptosis and proliferation. The changes of gene expression of glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and Ets variant gene 5 (Etv5) were analyzed. The results manifested that the spermatogenesis was suppressed, the type A and intermediate spermatogonia reduced, and spermatocyte and spermatid apoptosis increased both in Group GH and Group H. The expressions of GDNF protein in these two groups were downregulated, but no change was observed in Etv5 expression. However, the numbers of spermatogonia, germ cell apoptosis and proliferation, and the expressions of GDNF and Etv5 were unchanged in Group G compared with Group C. Above all, we concluded that the mitotic phase of spermatogenesis is suppressed by the combination regimen, it might be the steroid hormones in the regimen that caused the reduction of spermatogonia through the downregulation of GDNF. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:671–679, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variability of the monthly European temperature and its association with the Atlantic sea‐surface temperature from interannual to multidecadal scales
Authors: Gámiz‐Fortis S. R. , Esteban‐Parra M. J. , Pozo‐Vázquez D. , Castro‐Díez Y. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe relationships between the main patterns of variability of the Atlantic sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs) and the European land‐surface temperatures (LSTs) at interannual‐to‐multidecadal time scales are investigated along the period 1872–2004. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used firstly to obtain the main spatio‐temporal patterns of variability of the LSTs and SSTs. Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) is then used to decompose the time series associated with these patterns into nonlinear trends and quasi‐periodic oscillations, searching for common oscillatory modes to the SSTs and LSTs. The potential predictability of the LSTs based on the SSTs is also analysed. Regarding the SSA results, three robust oscillations of periods around 13.7, 7.5 and 5.2 years, present both in the Atlantic SSTs and north‐western European LSTs, were isolated. These oscillations were found to be associated mainly with a quadripolar SST pattern in the North Atlantic region, usually related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) atmospheric mode of variability. The predictability study revealed that the SSTs of the Atlantic Ocean are able to account for about 12% of the north‐western European LSTs variance. Additionally, an oscillatory component with period around 3.6 years was identified, but no significant connection between SST and LST was found for this mode. In addition, at this time scale, we find that the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is leading the Atlantic SST quadripolar pattern by 6 months. Finally, the analysis of the nonlinear trends showed the presence of oscillations with periods around 60–100 years, both in the SSTs and LSTs. At these later time scales, our results reveal that the multidecadal behaviour of the southern European LSTs is related to Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) during the period 1872–1940, unlike the northern and eastern European LSTs, while, during the period 1941–2004, the AMO sign seems to be present in whole Europe. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society