bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Steroids Containing Aromatic Hydrocarbon Moieties
Authors: Dias Jerry Ray 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetic Descriptions of the Simplest Biomolecular Reactions in Organic Solids
Authors: Tolkatchev Vladimir A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Medicaments for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Wolff Hans , Kunte Christian 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanisms of Grignard Reagent Formation
Authors: Garst John F. , Ungvary Ferenc 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspective on “A Molecular Orbital Theory of Reactivity in Aromatic Hydrocarbons”
Authors: Kato Shigeki 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EXAFS Characterization of Supported Metal‐Complex and Metal‐Cluster Catalysts Made from Organometallic Precursors
Authors: Alexeev O. , Gates B. C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Highly Substituted 1,3‐Dihydroazepin‐2‐ones Starting from 2‐Siloxycyclopropanecarboxylates.
Authors: Boettcher Gesine , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminomethylation of Aromatic Substrates with α‐Haloalkylamines.
Authors: Kachurin O. I. , Velichko L. I. , Zaraiskaya N. A. , Matvienko N. M. , Zaraiskii A. P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermodynamic Optimization of the Pb—Tl Binary System
Authors: Fries S. G. , Ansara I. , Lukas H. L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of New Optically Active 2‐Methylquinoline Derivatives and Their Application in the Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes.
Authors: Xu Qianyong , Wang Guoxing , Pan Xinfu , Chan Albert S. C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy‐β‐amino Acids. A Stereodivergent Approach.
Authors: Aoyagi Yutaka , Jain Rajendra P. , Williams Robert M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonenzymatic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols: Enantioselective SN2 Displacement of Hydroxy Groups by Halogens in the Presence of Chiral BINAP.
Authors: Sekar Govindasamy , Nishiyama Hisao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of Vinyl Esters on the Enantioselectivity of the Lipase‐Catalyzed Transesterification of Alcohols.
Authors: Kawasaki Masashi , Goto Michimasa , Kawabata Shigeki , Kometani Tadashi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropanation versus Carbon—Hydrogen Insertion. The Influences of Substrate and Catalyst on Selectivity.
Authors: Doyle Michael P. , Phillips Iain M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of the Kost—Sagitullin Rearrangement in a Series of 2‐Benzylpyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Danagulyan G. G. , Sahakyan L. G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Alkenes and Studies of Reactions of Polyfunctional Compounds. Part 63. Ozonolysis of 2,3,3,4,4‐Pentafluoro‐1‐methoxycyclobutene.
Authors: Odinokov V. N. , Akhmetova V. R. , Savchenko R. G. , Bazunova M. V. , Paramonov E. A. , Khalilov L. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Fluorination Reagent: IF5/Et3N×3HF.
Authors: Yoneda Norihiko , Fukuhara Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of Organic Halides with Tri‐2‐furylgermane: Stoichiometric and Catalytic Reduction.
Authors: Nakamura Tomoaki , Yorimitsu Hideki , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Oshima Koichiro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Broensted Acid Catalyzed, Enantioselective Vinylogous Mannich Reaction.
Authors: Sickert Marcel , Abels Falko , Lang Matthias , Sieler Joachim , Birkemeyer Claudia , Schneider Christoph 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Regioselectivity in Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Coupling of Allylic Monoacetates and Nitroalkenes: One‐Pot Isomerization—Alkylation.
Authors: Khan Pasha M. , Bisht Kirpal S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of centriole number on mitotic spindle length and symmetry
Authors: Keller Lani C. , Wemmer Kimberly A. , Marshall Wallace F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe functional role of centrioles or basal bodies in mitotic spindle assembly and function is currently unclear. Although supernumerary centrioles have been associated with multipolar spindles in cancer cells, suggesting centriole number might dictate spindle polarity, bipolar spindles are able to assemble in the complete absence of centrioles, suggesting a level of centriole‐independence in the spindle assembly pathway. In this report we perturb centriole number using mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and measure the response of the mitotic spindle to these perturbations in centriole number. Although altered centriole number increased the frequency of monopolar and multipolar spindles, the majority of spindles remained bipolar regardless of the centriole number. But even when spindles were bipolar, abnormal centriole numbers led to asymmetries in tubulin distribution, half‐spindle length and spindle pole focus. Half spindle length correlated directly with number of centrioles at a pole, such that an imbalance in centriole number between the two poles of a bipolar spindle correlated with increased asymmetry between half spindle lengths. These results are consistent with centrioles playing an active role in regulating mitotic spindle length. Mutants with centriole number alteration also show increased cytokinesis defects, but these do not correlate with centriole number in the dividing cell and may therefore reflect downstream consequences of defects in preceding cell divisions. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organic Semiconductors: Impact of Disorder at Different Timescales
Authors: McMahon David P. , Troisi Alessandro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe charge transport in organic materials, from molecular crystals to polymers, is determined by their degree of disorder. The dynamic disorder in ideal molecular crystals at room temperature and the static disorder in disordered polymers are just two limiting cases of the timescale of the fluctuations in the electronic Hamiltonian caused by nuclear motions. In fact, a very large number of important materials (e.g. liquid crystalline semiconductors) are actually in an intermediate regime where the disorder is neither purely static nor purely dynamic. This Minireview discusses the recent contribution of computational chemistry (molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry) to the characterization of these transport regimes and outlines the theoretical methods that can be used to relate the system characteristics to the measurable mobility.
Efficient Photochemical Oxidation of Anisole in Protic Solvents: Electron Transfer driven by Specific Solvent–Solute Interactions
Authors: Lewandowska Anna , Hug Gordon L. , Hörner Gerald , Pedzinski Tomasz , Filipiak Piotr , Marciniak Bronislaw 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe dynamics of the bimolecular quenching of triplet excited benzophenone by anisole was studied by nanosecond flash photolysis. We carried out a detailed study of the solvent dependence of the reaction rates and efficiencies in a number of protic and non‐protic solvents. These studies were augmented by theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of solute/solvent interactions in the triplet excited and the ground state, respectively. The triplet quenching that follows Stern–Volmer kinetics in all cases is profoundly dependent on the nature of the solvent, with the highest reactivity being consistently found in protic solvents. The results in non‐protic solvents are compatible with unproductive quenching via a charge‐transfer state, whereas the generally fast quenching in protic solvents is accompanied by efficient formation of free‐radical products. Analysis of the solvent dependence in terms of Marcus theory reveals the impact of specific solvation of benzophenone by protic solvents on the ET driving force and kinetics. Specific solvation is found to support efficient free radical ion formation in media of moderate and low polarity as well.
Reversal of type 1 diabetes by a new MHC II‐peptide chimera: “Single‐epitope‐mediated suppression” to stabilize a polyclonal autoimmune T‐cell process
Authors: Lin Marvin , Stoica‐Nazarov Cristina , Surls Jacqueline , Kehl Margaret , Bona Constantin , Olsen Cara , Brumeanu Teodor D. , Casares Sofia 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPolyclonality of self‐reactive CD4+ T cells is the hallmark of several autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes. We have previously reported that a soluble dimeric MHC II‐peptide chimera prevents and reverses type 1 diabetes induced by a monoclonal diabetogenic T‐cell population in double Tg mice [Casares, S. et al., Nat. Immunol. 2002. 3: 383–391]. Since most of the glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)‐specific CD4+ T cells in the NOD mouse are tolerogenic but unable to function in an autoimmune environment, we have activated a silent, monoclonal T‐regulatory cell population (GAD65217–230‐specific CD4+ T cells) using a soluble I‐A/GAD65217–230/Fcγ2a dimer, and measured the effect on the ongoing polyclonal diabetogenic T‐cell process. Activated GAD65217–230‐specific T cells and a fraction of the diabetogenic (B9–23‐specific) T cells were polarized toward the IL‐10‐secreting T‐regulatory type 1‐like function in the pancreas of diabetic NOD mice. More importantly, this led to the reversal of hyperglycemia for more than 2 months post‐therapy in 80% of mice in the context of stabilization of pancreatic insulitis and improved insulin secretion by the β cells. These findings argue for the stabilization of a polyclonal self‐reactive T‐cell process by a single epitope‐mediated bystander suppression. Dimeric MHC class II‐peptide chimeras‐like approach may provide rational grounds for the development of more efficient antigen‐specific therapies in type 1 diabetes.
Multifunctional CD4+ T cells correlate with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: Caccamo Nadia , Guggino Giuliana , Joosten Simone A. , Gelsomino Giuseppe , Di Carlo Paola , Titone Lucina , Galati Domenico , Bocchino Marialuisa , Matarese Alessandro , Salerno Alfredo , Sanduzzi Alessandro , Franken Willeke P. J. , Ottenhoff Tom H. M. , Dieli Francesco 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTh1 CD4+ T cells and their derived cytokines are crucial for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Using multiparametric flow cytometry, we have evaluated the distribution of seven distinct functional states (IFN‐γ/IL‐2/TNF‐α triple expressors, IFN‐γ/IL‐2, IFN‐γ/TNF‐α or TNF‐α/IL‐2 double expressors or IFN‐γ, IL‐2 or TNF‐α single expressors) of CD4+ T cells in individuals with latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB). We found that triple expressors, while detectable in 85–90%TB patients, were only present in 10–15% of LTBI subjects. On the contrary, LTBI subjects had significantly higher (12‐ to 15‐fold) proportions of IL‐2/IFN‐γ double and IFN‐γ single expressors as compared with the other CD4+ T‐cell subsets. Proportions of the other double or single CD4+ T‐cell expressors did not differ between TB and LTBI subjects. These distinct IFN‐γ, IL‐2 and TNF‐α profiles of M. tuberculosis‐specific CD4+ T cells seem to be associated with live bacterial loads, as indicated by the decrease in frequency of multifunctional T cells in TB‐infected patients after completion of anti‐mycobacterial therapy. Our results suggest that phenotypic and functional signatures of CD4+ T cells may serve as immunological correlates of protection and curative host responses, and be a useful tool to monitor the efficacy of anti‐mycobacterial therapy.
Sodium dichloroacetate selectively targets cells with defects in the mitochondrial ETC
Authors: Stockwin Luke H. , Yu Sherry X. , Borgel Suzanne , Hancock Chad , Wolfe Tracy L. , Phillips Lawrence R. , Hollingshead Melinda G. , Newton Dianne L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe “Warburg effect,” also termed aerobic glycolysis, describes the increased reliance of cancer cells on glycolysis for ATP production, even in the presence of oxygen. Consequently, there is continued interest in inhibitors of glycolysis as cancer therapeutics. One example is dichloroacetate (DCA), a pyruvate mimetic that stimulates oxidative phosphorylation through inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. In this study, the mechanistic basis for DCA anti‐cancer activity was re‐evaluated in vitro using biochemical, cellular and proteomic approaches. Results demonstrated that DCA is relatively inactive (IC50 ≥ 17 mM, 48 hr), induces apoptosis only at high concentrations (≥25 mM, 48 hr) and is not cancer cell selective. Subsequent 2D‐PAGE proteomic analysis confirmed DCA‐induced growth suppression without apoptosis induction. Furthermore, DCA depolarizes mitochondria and promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in all cell types. However, DCA was found to have selective activity against rho(0) cells [mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deficient] and to synergize with 2‐deoxyglucose in complex IV deficient HCT116 p53(−/−) cells. DCA also synergized in vitro with cisplatin and topotecan, two antineoplastic agents known to damage mitochondrial DNA. These data suggest that in cells “hardwired” to selectively utilize glycolysis for ATP generation (e.g., through mtDNA mutations), the ability of DCA to force oxidative phosphorylation confers selective toxicity. In conclusion, although we provide a mechanism distinct from that reported previously, the ability of DCA to target cell lines with defects in the electron transport chain and to synergize with existing chemotherapeutics supports further preclinical development.
Development of a novel transdermal patch of alendronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, for the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Kusamori Kosuke , Katsumi Hidemasa , Abe Mari , Ueda Asuka , Sakai Ryota , Hayashi Rie , Hirai Yuka , Quan Ying-shu , Kamiyama Fumio , Sakane Toshiyasu , Yamamoto Akira 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment and prevention of bone diseases, including Paget disease, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this study, we developed a novel transdermal patch of alendronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, for the treatment of bone diseases. The maximum permeation fluxes of alendronate through rat and human skin after application of this patch were 1.9 and 0.3 µg/cm2 per hour, respectively. The bioavailability (BA) of alendronate in rats was approximately 8.3% after the application of alendronate patch and approximately 1.7% after oral administration. These results indicated that the transdermal permeation of alendronate using this patch system was sufficient for the treatment of bone diseases. The plasma calcium level was effectively reduced after application of the alendronate patch in 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3–induced hypercalcemia model rats. The alendronate patch also effectively suppressed the decrease in bone mass in model rats with osteoporosis. Modest alendronate-induced erythema of rat skin was observed after application of the alendronate patch. Incorporation of butylhydroxytoluene in the alendronate patch almost completely suppressed this alendronate-induced skin damage while maintaining the transdermal permeation and pharmacologic effects of alendronate. These findings indicate that our novel transdermal delivery system for alendronate is a promising approach to improve compliance and quality of life of patients in the treatment of bone diseases. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The effect of gas‐liquid counter‐current operation on gas hold‐up in bubble columns using electrical resistance tomography
Authors: Jin Haibo , Yang Suohe , He Guangxiang , Wang Mi , Williams R. A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: In order to improve the performance of a counter‐current bubble column, radial variations of the gas hold‐ups and mean hold‐ups were investigated in a 0.160 m i.d. bubble column using electrical resistance tomography with two axial locations (Plane 1 and Plane 2). In all experiments the liquid phase was tap water and the gas phase air. The superficial gas velocity was varied from 0.02 to 0.25 m s−1, and the liquid velocity varied from 0 to 0.01 m s−1. The effect of liquid velocity on the distribution of mean hold‐ups and radial gas hold‐ups is discussed.RESULTS: The gas hold‐up profile in a gas–liquid counter‐current bubble column was determined by electrical resistance tomography. The liquid velocity slightly influences the mean hold‐up and radial hold‐up distribution under the selected operating conditions and the liquid flow improves the transition gas velocity from a homogeneous regime to a heterogeneous regime. Meanwhile, the radial gas hold‐up profiles are steeper at the central region of the column with increasing gas velocity. Moreover, the gas hold‐up in the centre of the column becomes steeper with increasing liquid velocity.CONCLUSIONS: The value of mean gas hold‐ups slightly increases with increasing downward liquid velocity, and more than mean gas hold‐ups in batch and co‐current operation. According to the experimental results, an empirical correlation for the centreline gas hold‐up is obtained based on the effects of gas velocity, liquid velocity, and ratio of axial height to column diameter. The values calculated in this way are in close agreement with experimental data, and compare with literature data on gas hold‐ups at the centre of the column. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry