bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1870 ou l’invention de l’Alsace contemporaine
Authors: Vaillot Benoit 
Published: May 2024

En septembre 1870, alors que la guerre franco-allemande bat son plein, la division géographique et statistique de l’état-major prussien publie une carte du « territoire du gouvernement général d’Alsace » (Das Gebiet der General-Governements im Elsass). Ce document à l’échelle 1/300 000e représente les revendications territoriales allemandes qui se résument alors à l’Alsace historique, à savoir les départements du Bas-Rhin et du Haut-Rhin. Cette « carte au liseré vert » comme l’a nommée Lucien Aaron, préfigure le territoire qui se retrouvera annexé par l’Empire allemand jusqu’en 1918, en application du traité de Francfort du 10 mai 1871. L’Alsace cédée par la France à l’issue de la guerre n’est encore qu’une abstraction de papier avant qu’une commission de délimitation ne la rende tangible sur le terrain au cours des années 1870. Durant leurs opérations de démarcation, les commissaires donnent à l’Alsace ses frontières définitives, et rencontrent les populations amenées à changer de souveraineté et de nationalité.Il s’agit de retracer la « généalogie des lieux » de l’Alsace contemporaine, dans laquelle la cartographie a joué un rôle essentiel, et d’en restituer les conséquences démographiques qui la bouleversèrent durablement. Ainsi, nous souhaitons revenir sur les opérations de démarcation de l’Alsace au début des années 1870, et sur l’option de nationalité offerte à ses habitants, qui est à l’origine de la plus grande émigration de l’histoire de la région aux XIXe et XXe siècles. C’est aussi l’occasion de discuter du territoire alsacien et du sentiment national des Alsaciens dans les années 1870, afin de déterminer s’il y a face à l’annexion allemande une ou plusieurs Alsaces.
Robert Schuman et la question d’Alsace-Lorraine au lendemain de la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Schirmann Sylvain 
Published: May 2024

Né en 1886 à Luxembourg d’un père lorrain et d’une mère luxembourgeoise, Robert Schuman cultive des liens forts avec un espace régional qui va de la Wallonie à l’Alsace. De nationalité allemande, ses études l’ont conduit à faire sienne la culture allemande. Profondément croyant, c’est dans les réseaux catholiques qu’il est inséré. Ses études à Strasbourg le conduisent encore davantage à apprécier la particularité de l’Alsace-Lorraine. C’est cette entité que Schuman défend au moment du retour de ces provinces à la France à la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale. Comme député de la Moselle, il s’engage à préserver ce qu’il considère comme l’identité même de l’Alsace-Lorraine : le Concordat, le bilinguisme, l’école confessionnelles et les assurances sociales. Mais il va plus loin. Son objectif, c’est de tirer profit de la réintégration des provinces recouvrées pour décentraliser la République, qui deviendrait de ce fait plus juste. Il ne considère cependant pas l’autonomisme comme une solution. Ce qui ne l’empêche pas de conserver des liens avec les autonomistes. Schuman renvoie enfin à la population germanophone mosellane l’image d’être l’un des leurs. Son combat pour la préservation de cette identité est la clef de ses succès politiques.
Agitateur communiste et pasteur autonomiste :
Authors: Krieger Pierre 
Published: May 2024

Le patronyme « Liebrich » est loin d’être inconnu en Alsace, notamment en Alsace Bossue, où cette famille, originaire de Hesse, forme une véritable dynastie de pasteurs luthériens du XVIIIe au XXe siècle. Les deux frères sont nés à deux ans d’intervalle, 1883 pour Gustave Adolphe et 1885 pour Frédéric Guillaume, à Durstel. Leurs futurs itinéraires opposés ne coulent pas de source. C’est en effet à la fin de la Grande Guerre que les parcours des deux frères vont radicalement diverger. En effet, Frédéric Guillaume, très marqué par la Révolution de novembre en Alsace, s’engage dans le mouvement socialiste puis communiste. Gustave Adolphe au contraire voit ses positions pangermanistes renforcées par son incarcération en France durant la guerre.Durant l’entre-deux-guerres, deux visions de l’Alsace vont s’opposer à travers les deux frères Liebrich. Frédéric Guillaume, en tant que responsable régional communiste, suit la doctrine du PC sur la question de l’Alsace-Lorraine : « autodétermination du peuple alsacien-lorrain, jusqu’à la séparation d’avec la France si nécessaire ». Gustave Adolphe de son côté ne voit l’Alsace-Lorraine que sous l’angle de l’Allemagne, d’une région fondamentalement allemande. Il gravite autour des mouvements autonomistes, pangermanistes, puis pronazis.Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les deux frères vont avoir, encore une fois, un destin opposé. Frédéric Guillaume décède d’une grave maladie en 1943. Gustave Adolphe, de son côté, est assigné à résidence dans le Midi de la France en 1939 et ne revient en Alsace qu’après l’armistice. Il se réfugie en RFA après la guerre. Enfin, il meurt en 1965 à Strasbourg.
L’enseignement de la langue régionale dans les écoles primaires d’Alsace (1950-2020)
Authors: Morgen Daniel 
Published: May 2024

À la lumière de documents archivés par l’auteur et d’entretiens enregistrés avec des acteurs de ce développement étalé sur soixante-dix ans, ce texte consacré à l’enseignement de la langue régionale dans les écoles primaires d’Alsace retrace plus qu’une simple renaissance de cet enseignement éradiqué au cours de l’année 1945 par deux recteurs – Marcel Prélot et René Hubert – qui voulaient donner priorité à la langue nationale interdite pendant la guerre. Il tente de décrire la lente reprise de l’enseignement de la langue allemande : de langue bannie de l’enseignement primaire, elle finit par occuper une place dans l’enseignement qu’elle n’avait jamais occupée dans l’enseignement français, celle d’une langue d’enseignement à égalité avec la première langue d’enseignement, le français. Le texte amorce en quelque sorte l’histoire récente toujours à écrire du bilinguisme scolaire en Alsace et décrit ces récentes « années bilingues ».
Invisible to the state. An initial estimate of “administrative disappearances” in the Brussels-Capital Region
Authors: Moriau Jacques , Malherbe Alain , Sanderson Jean-Paul , Pierre Adèle , Leclercq Alexandre 
Published: May 2024

En Belgique, la domiciliation donne accès aux droits fondamentaux par l’inscription des personnes au Registre National. Le Registre National centralise toutes les données qui sont recueillies par les communes. L’invisibilisation administrative a donc des conséquences directes sur la jouissance des droits sociaux. Elle a trois origines distinctes : l’absence d’inscription, la radiation, la suppression de personnes du Registre National. Au départ de l’analyse des données du Registre National, cet article s’intéresse aux phénomènes d’« invisibilisation administrative », c’est-à-dire à la disparition ou la radiation, volontaire ou involontaire, des registres administratifs. Une analyse anthropologique des pratiques administratives concernant la domiciliation des personnes introduit l’article qui est poursuivi par une quantification et une spatialisation du phénomène d'invisibilisation administrative et enfin une enquête sociologique auprès des personnes victimes d’invisibilisation administrative éclaire leurs parcours d’exclusion.
L’avortement à travers les frontières : les effets du fédéralisme canadien sur l’accès à l’avortement
Authors: Langevin Louise 
Published: May 2024

Depuis 1988, le Canada ne possède pas de loi fédérale qui criminalise, encadre ou limite l’accès à l’avortement. Il est un modèle à suivre puisque l’avortement est traité comme un soin de santé. Cependant, l’accès à ce soin de santé varie selon le lieu de résidence des femmes. Mieux vaut vivre en milieu urbain, dans une province qui offre plusieurs points de service, qu’en régions éloignées sans recours à un médecin de famille. Au Canada, les frontières jouent un rôle important dans l’accès à l’avortement. D’abord, le partage des compétences entre les gouvernements fédéral et provinciaux, qui rappelle les frontières entre les provinces, module l’accès à ce soin de santé. Ensuite, le recul des droits des femmes américaines a ravivé le débat sur les frontières entre l’encadrement législatif et le rôle interprétatif des tribunaux au Canada. Faudrait‑il une loi reconnaissant le droit à l’avortement en plus des décisions de la Cour suprême du Canada le protégeant déjà ?
“Returning” Abortion to “the People and Their Elected Representatives”: Chaos, Conflict and Access in Wisconsin in the Aftermath of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
Authors: Légier Anne 
Published: May 2024

On 24 June 2022, the United States Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade (1973) and Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), putting an end to nearly fifty years of constitutional protection for abortion rights. In Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, Justice Samuel Alito, who authored the opinion for the Court, claimed that previous rulings on abortion had failed to “bring about the permanent resolution of a rancorous national controversy”, and that the “the authority to regulate abortion” was now “returned to the people and their elected representatives”. One of the central ideas of the ruling was thus that it would appease preexisting tensions and reduce confusion by allowing states and their people to better represent their values in their state laws. This paper will argue that it did no such thing and instead unleashed a wave of confusing cases involving competing and sometimes conflicting sources of power at different levels of government. To do so, it will focus on a specific state—Wisconsin—where abortions were unavailable for fifteen months because different sources of legal authority disagreed on which law should apply
Basophil-Derived IL-4 and IL-13 Protect Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Control Bacterial Translocation during Malaria
Authors: Céspedes Nora , Fellows Abigail M , Donnelly Erinn L , Kaylor Hannah L , Coles Taylor A , Wild Ryan , Dobson Megan , Schauer Joseph , Van de Water Judy , Luckhart Shirley 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Our previous work demonstrated that basophils regulate a suite of malaria phenotypes, including intestinal mastocytosis and permeability, the immune response to infection, gametocytemia, and parasite transmission to the malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Given that activated basophils are primary sources of the regulatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, we sought to examine the contributions of these mediators to basophil-dependent phenotypes in malaria. We generated mice with basophils depleted for IL-4 and IL-13 (baso IL-4/IL-13 (−)) and genotype controls (baso IL-4/IL-13 (+)) by crossing mcpt8-Cre and Il4/Il13fl/fl mice and infected them with Plasmodium yoelii yoelii 17XNL. Conditional deletion was associated with ileal mastocytosis and mast cell (MC) activation, increased intestinal permeability, and increased bacterial 16S levels in blood, but it had no effect on neutrophil activation, parasitemia, or transmission to A. stephensi. Increased intestinal permeability in baso IL-4/IL-13 (−) mice was correlated with elevated plasma eotaxin (CCL11), a potent eosinophil chemoattractant, and increased ileal MCs, proinflammatory IL-17A, and the chemokines MIP-1α (CCL3) and MIP-1β (CCL4). Blood bacterial 16S copies were positively but weakly correlated with plasma proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12p40, suggesting that baso IL-4/IL-13 (−) mice failed to control bacterial translocation into the blood during malaria infection. These observations suggest that basophil-derived IL-4 and IL-13 do not contribute to basophil-dependent regulation of parasite transmission, but these cytokines do orchestrate protection of intestinal barrier integrity after P. yoelii infection. Specifically, basophil-dependent IL-4/IL-13 control MC activation and prevent infection-induced intestinal barrier damage and bacteremia, perhaps via regulation of eosinophils, macrophages, and Th17-mediated inflammation.
More Than Skin Deep: Patient-Provider Racial and Ethnic Concordance and Discordance in Collegiate Athletics and Concussion Management
Authors: Beidler Erica , Bowman Thomas G. , Walton Samuel R. , Lininger Monica R. , Decker Meredith N. , Wallace Jessica , Vela Luzita , Hibbler Tamaria , Breedlove Katherine Morigaki , Larson Michael J. , Munce Thayne A. , Pappadis Monique R. , Sunchild John , Ahonen Sean , Didehbani Nyaz , Cifu David X. , Resch Jacob E. , Kelshaw Patricia M. 
Published: May 2024

Context
There is strong evidence that racial and ethnic disparities exist in multiple arenas of health and wellness. The causes of racial and ethnic differences in health care are multidimensional; one factor that may affect injury/illness communication, interactions, and outcomes is patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance. At present, it is unclear what role patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance and discordance plays in facilitating concussion care for collegiate athletes.

Objective
To investigate the presence of athlete–athletic trainer (AT) racial and ethnic concordance and discordance among diagnosed concussion cases and examine if racial and ethnic concordance and discordance influences time (in days) until diagnosis, symptom resolution, or return-to-sport clinical milestones in collegiate athletes.

Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Collegiate athletics.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 694 concussion cases (38.6% [n = 268] sustained by women, 61.4% [n = 426] sustained by men) that occurred within the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 sport seasons at 9 institutions.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
The number of days from the date of injury to diagnosis, symptom resolution, and return to sport and from the date of diagnosis to symptom resolution and return to sport.

Results
Overall, 68.4% (n = 475) of concussion cases had patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance, and 31.6% (n = 219) were discordant. All concordant pairs included a White athlete and White AT. Time to diagnosis differed between the concordant and discordant groups (median [interquartile range] = 1 [0–2] versus 0 [0–1], respectively) only in the model adjusted for sex, sport type, and availability of an AT (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.07–1.85]). There were no other group differences.

Conclusions
One-third of concussion cases had athlete-AT racial and ethnic discordance. Although this group was diagnosed with a concussion 1 day sooner than the concordant group, no differences were observed for any concussion recovery milestones. These findings suggest that patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance may play a minor role in concussion recognition or reporting but not necessarily in the management and recovery thereafter.
Systemic venous anomalies in a child with a vein of Galen
Authors: Al Kaabi Shamsa , Maddali Madan Mohan , Al Maskari Salim Nasser , Al-Hashm Halima Adam , Al Farqani Abdullah Mohammed , Anderson Robert Henry , Tretter Justin T. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We describe our findings in a child with a vein of Galen malformation, in whom the right superior caval and the azygos veins drained into the roof of the morphologically left atrium. A persistent left superior caval vein drained into the morphologically right atrium through the coronary sinus. The additional presence of dual brachiocephalic veins permitted the deployment of a multifunctional ventricular septal defect occluder device to occlude the right superior caval vein, correcting the right-to-left shunt. This also prevented azygos venous drainage into the left atrium.
Delayed retrieval of embolized ductal stent: A surgical challenge
Authors: Panda Biswa Ranjan , Mishra Jayashree 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Retrieval of embolized ductal stents from the pulmonary or systemic circulation can be challenging. Most children benefit from surgical shunts in such scenarios. Although early retrieval is advised, stents lodged in the peripheral pulmonary tree can be inaccessible, making the removal complicated. In such patients, stents can be “parked” in the segmental pulmonary arterial branches for retrieval later. In the low-pressure single ventricle pulmonary circulation, partially expanded embolized stents, if left in situ, can precipitate pulmonary arterial thrombosis. This subset of patients may benefit from meticulous anticoagulation and antiplatelet agents. In our case report, we describe the successful extraction of an embolized ductal stent without damage to the right lower lobe pulmonary artery (PA). In the follow-up evaluation, the growth of the right PA is good.
Efficacy of various proton-pump inhibitors and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus Faecalis
Authors: Koparkar Tejas , Kalyan Sai , Mandke Lalitagauri , Vandekar Mansi 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of four proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) (pantoprazole, omeprazole, lansoprazole, and rabeprazole) when combined with calcium hydroxide and used as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis.

Methods:
A total of 550 microliters of E. faecalis strain was inoculated into two mixtures 6.25 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml containing calcium hydroxide (concentration 16 mg/ml) and PPIs (concentration 1 mg/ml). The efficacy was evaluated by comparing the optical density of the mixtures at 630 nm with two time parameters of 18 h and 24 h.

Results:
At 18 h, O6 (calcium hydroxide and omeprazole 6.25 μg/ml) showed the maximum percentage inhibition of E. faecalis strain and R25 (calcium hydroxide and rabeprazole 25 μg/ml) showed the least inhibition. At 24-h time interval, O6 showed the maximum inhibition, while R6 (calcium hydroxide and rabeprazole 6.25 μg/ml) showed the least inhibition of E. faecalis strain.

Conclusion:
The use of PPIs with calcium hydroxide did show promising results and the combination could be used successfully as an intracanal medicament.
Evaluation of apical crack formation associated with root canal preparation with ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold, and TruNatomy systems
Authors: Yilmaz Çirakoglu N Neslihan , Özbay Yağız 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the microcrack formation in apical root dentin as a result of root canal preparation with different nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary systems.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty extracted mandibular premolar teeth with single canals were used. Apical 1 mm of roots was flattened perpendicular to the tooth axis. Forty-five teeth were prepared using ProTaper Next (PTN), ProTaper Gold (PTG), or TruNatomy files. Fifteen teeth were left unprepared as the negative control group. Images of apical surfaces of roots were obtained using a stereomicroscope at × 20 magnification. The presence of microcracks was noted with the help of the images. The data were analyzed with a Chi-square test using MiniTab 17 Statistical Software.

Results:
There was a statistically significant difference between the PTN and TruNatomy groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the PTG group and other groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Whereas all rotary files created microcracks in the apical root dentin, TRN caused fewer microcracks than other NiTi rotary systems.
Synthesis and characterization of nisin-incorporated alpha-tricalcium phosphate for pulp capping – An in vitro study
Authors: Baskaran Veni Ashok , Madhubala Manavalan Madhana , Menon Thangam , Gopal Shankar Narayanan , Venkatesan SM 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The present study aimed to synthesize and characterize Nisin incorporated Alpha Tricalcium Phosphate (NTCP) and to evaluate nisin release from NTCP when used as a pulp capping agent.

Methods:
Alpha TCP(aTCP) powder was synthesized by the wet chemical method. Nisin was incorporated into this prepared aTCP at various ratios and grouped as follows: Group 1 - 1% wt%; Group 2 -2.5wt%; Group 3-5%wt%; Group 4- 7.5%wt%; Group 5 -10%wt%; Group 6 -Nisin 100 mg; All these samples were characterized using Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). For evaluation of nisin release from NTCP using HPLC, around fifteen freshly extracted non-carious human third molars were collected and mounted in gypsum blocks. A standard box-type class-I cavity (4.5x 4.5 mm) was prepared with the pulpal floor ending at deep dentin, The experimental materials were mixed with propylene glycol to prepare it as pulp capping material in paste form. Subsequently pulpal floor of all the cavities were lined with the respective materials. The entire samples were kept to set for 30 minutes in ambient temperature and subsequently immersed in water and stored in an incubator at 37oC. After 14 days of immersion, dentin lying directly below the sample was cut and powdered using mortar and pestle. The powdered dentin was then subjected to HPLC analysis. The peak time of nisin release from experimental groups was recorded.

Results:
FTIR results revealed Group 5 with highly appreciable corresponding bends of amine N-H, C-H stretching and phosphate peaks at 1100 and 554 close to Control TCP samples. DSC analysis showed that TCP did not change from 30oC to 80oC and sample 1, 2, 3, and 4, did not show any denaturation point. Sample 5 showed denaturation point slightly above the denaturation temperature of nisin. On HPLC analysis, samples 4 and 5 showed higher peaks of nisin release and traces of nisin release from all the groups.

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that NTCP can be synthesized successfully without any influence on the properties of each other material. 10% NTCP provides higher release into dentinal tubules when used as a pulp capping agent.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization and evaluation of setting time and flow of nanoparticle incorporated cyanoacrylate cement – An in vitro study
Authors: Shetty Chitharanjan , Shetty Aditya , Hegde Mithra N. 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
This study aims to determine the setting time and flow of a novel root canal sealer material with nanoparticle incorporated cyanoacrylate.

Materials and Methods:
To determine the setting time, sealer materials were mixed and packed into the stainless-steel ring molds of specific dimensions that are placed on a glass plate. The whole assembly was stored at 37°C, >95%relative humidity for at least 1 h. To measure the setting time, the needle of a custom-made Gilmore apparatus was adjusted vertically onto the surface of the sealer. To determine the flow, a volume of 0.05 ml mixed sealer was dropped on a glass plate. At 3 min after the onset of mixing, a second glass plate of 20 g weight was placed on the sealer and a 100 g weight was added to make a total mass of 120 g. The 120 g weight was unloaded after 10 min from the start of mixing. The minimum and maximum diameters of the sealer discs were measured by a digital caliper with a resolution of 0.01 mm.

Results:
Nanoparticle-modified cyanoacrylate cement has an initial setting time of 40 min and a final setting time of 75 min. Whereas the initial setting time for the AH Plus sealer is 238 min and the final setting time 480 min. The formulated nanoparticle incorporated cyanoacrylate sealer has a flow of 23.5 mm which is within the acceptable limits of ISO specification.

Conclusion:
The nanoparticle incorporated cyanoacrylate sealer has better setting time and flows within the limit of the American Dental Association specification.