bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A COMPARISON OF HEAT‐INDUCED CHANGES OF INTRAMUSCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND COLLAGEN OF BEEF SEMITENDINOSUS MUSCLE DURING WATER BATH AND MICROWAVE HEATING
Authors: CHANG H.J. , XU X.L. , LI C.B. , HUANG M. , LIU D.Y. , ZHOU G.H. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to characterize the thermal properties of intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) and collagen in beef semitendinosus (ST) muscle from Chinese yellow bulls during water bath and microwave heating. Beef ST muscle was heated to internal endpoint temperature of 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90C by water bath and microwave oven, respectively. The results indicated that insoluble collagen contents of microwave‐heated meat were higher than water bath heated except for 90C, and showed significant differences at 80 and 90C (P < 0.05). Mechanical strength of IMCT showed significant difference (P < 0.05) at 60C between water bath‐ and microwave‐heated meat. Perimysial portion content of microwave‐heated meat was significantly higher than water bath heated at 60, 70, 80 (P < 0.05) and 90°C (P < 0.01), and endomysial portion content showed a gradual decrease during heating. A heating temperature of 60C was critical, and affects the maximum shrinkage temperatures (Tmax) of IMCT for both heated meat. With the increase in heating temperature, granulation changes of IMCT and disorderly changes of collagenous fibers arrangement have resulted.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIt is well known that the characteristics of intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) and collagen are related to meat quality, especially for the meat tenderness. Besides, heating is an important step for the conversion of inedible (raw) meat to edible meat, and can make remarkable effects on the eating quality of meat. Based on those viewpoints, we reported the comparative research of water bath and microwave heating on the effects of meat quality and thermal characteristics of IMCT and collagen. Results reported in this article would be useful either for the science community or for the food industry of beef production. Moreover, our study can provide the reference for the systematic researches for Chinese yellow bulls in the future.
TBA Production by Acid Hydrolysis of MTBE During Heated Headspace Analysis and Evaluation of a Base as a Preservative
Authors: McLoughlin Patrick W. , Pirkle Robert J. , Fine Dennis , Wilson John T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAt room temperature (20° ± 3°C), purge and trap samplers provide poor sensitivity for analysis of the fuel oxygenates that are alcohols, such as tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA). Because alcohols are miscible or highly soluble in water, they are not efficiently transferred to a gas chromatograph for analysis. To improve the efficiency of transfer, the water in a purge and trap sampler can be heated. Alternatively, the sensitivity for TBA can be improved by preparing the sample in a heated static headspace sampler. In a heated water sample, the acid used as a preservative may cause chemical hydrolysis of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) to produce TBA. This effect is well illustrated in this paper using data collected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development on a plume of MTBE in California. Samples were analyzed using a static head‐space sampler heated to 80°C. The ground water samples were preserved in the field with HCl to a pH ≤ 2. The extent of MTBE hydrolysis to TBA during sample analysis varied from 19% to 87%; the average extent of hydrolysis was 59%. To confirm and document the importance of acid hydrolysis of MTBE at higher temperatures during sample preparation, the rate of hydrolysis of MTBE was measured at 80°C. At pH = 1, the rate of hydrolysis was 1.22/h, while the rate at pH = 2 was 0.15/h. Acid hydrolysis of MTBE during sample preparation in a heated headspace sampler can be avoided by preserving the sample with 1% (w/w) trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate (TSP) instead of using HCl, or by neutralizing the acid before analysis. In the presence of an acclimated microbial culture, TSP prevented biodegradation of MTBE, as well as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene compounds, in ground water at room temperature for 66 d. However, in a spike recovery experiment, TSP caused based catalyzed hydrolysis of bromomethane. It is not appropriate as a universal preservative.
Insights into Membrane Association of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
NifL under Nitrogen-Fixing Conditions from Mutational Analysis
Authors: Milenkov Maria , Thummer Robert , Glöer Jens , Grötzinger Joachim , Jung Sascha , Schmitz Ruth A. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACT

In
Klebsiella pneumoniae
nitrogen fixation is tightly controlled in response to ammonium and molecular oxygen by the NifL/NifA regulatory system. Under repressing conditions, NifL inhibits the
nif
-specific transcriptional activator NifA by direct protein-protein interaction, whereas under anaerobic and nitrogen-limited conditions sequestration of reduced NifL to the cytoplasmic membrane impairs inhibition of cytoplasmic NifA by NifL. We report here on a genetic screen to identify amino acids of NifL essential for sequestration to the cytoplasmic membrane under nitrogen-fixing conditions. Overall, 11,500 mutated
nifL
genes of three independently generated pools were screened for those conferring a Nif
−
phenotype. Based on the respective amino acid changes of nonfunctional derivatives obtained in the screen, and taking structural data into account as well, several point mutations were introduced into
nifL
by site-directed mutagenesis. The majority of amino acid changes resulting in a significant
nif
gene inhibition were located in the N-terminal domain (N46D, Q57L, Q64R, N67S, N69S, R80C, and W87G) and the Q-linker (K271E). Further analyses demonstrated that positions N69, R80, and W87 are essential for binding the FAD cofactor, whereas primarily Q64 and N46, but also Q57 and N67, appear to be crucial for direct membrane contact of NifL under oxygen and nitrogen limitation. Based on these findings, we propose that those four amino acids most likely located on the protein surface, as well as the presence of the FAD cofactor, are crucial for the correct overall protein conformation and respective surface charge, allowing NifL sequestration to the cytoplasmic membrane under derepressing conditions.
The Atypical OmpR/PhoB Response Regulator ChxR from
Chlamydia trachomatis
Forms Homodimers
In Vivo
and Binds a Direct Repeat of Nucleotide Sequences
Authors: Hickey John M. , Weldon Lindsey , Hefty P. Scott 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACT

Two-component signal transduction systems are widespread in bacteria and are essential regulatory mechanisms for many biological processes. These systems predominantly rely on a sensor kinase to phosphorylate a response regulator for controlling activity, which is frequently transcriptional regulation. In recent years, an increasing number of atypical response regulators have been discovered in phylogenetically diverse bacteria. These atypical response regulators are not controlled by phosphorylation and exhibit transcriptional activity in their wild-type form. Relatively little is known regarding the mechanisms utilized by these atypical response regulators and the conserved characteristics of these atypical response regulators.
Chlamydia
spp. are medically important bacteria and encode an atypical OmpR/PhoB subfamily response regulator termed ChxR. In this study, protein expression analysis supports that ChxR is likely exerting its effect during the middle and late stages of the chlamydial developmental cycle, stages that include the formation of infectious elementary bodies. In the absence of detectable phosphorylation, ChxR formed homodimers
in vitro
and
in vivo
, similar to a phosphorylated OmpR/PhoB subfamily response regulator. ChxR was demonstrated to bind to its own promoter
in vivo
, supporting the role of ChxR as an autoactivator. Detailed analysis of the ChxR binding sites within its own promoter revealed a conserved
cis
-acting motif that includes a tandem repeat sequence. ChxR binds specifically to each of the individual sites and exhibits a relatively large spectrum of differential affinity. Taken together, these observations support the conclusion that ChxR, in the absence of phosphorylation, exhibits many of the characteristics of a phosphorylated (active) OmpR/PhoB subfamily response regulator.
Waiting for the Nuclear Renaissance: Exploring the Nexus of Expansion and Disposal in Europe
Authors: Darst Robert , Dawson Jane I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article focuses on the growing prospects for a nuclear power renaissance in Europe. While accepting the conventional wisdom that the incipient renaissance is being driven by climate change and energy security concerns, we argue that it would not be possible without the pioneering work of Sweden and Finland in providing a technological and sociopolitical solution to the industry's longstanding “Achilles' heel”: the safe, permanent, and locally acceptable disposal of high‐level radioactive waste. In this article, we track the long decline and sudden resurgence of nuclear power in Europe, examining the correlation between the fortunes of the industry and the emergence of the Swedish model for addressing the nuclear waste problem. Through an in‐depth exploration of the evolution of the siting model initiated in Sweden and adopted and successfully implemented in Finland, we emphasize the importance of transparency, trust, volunteerism, and “nuclear oases”: locations already host to substantial nuclear facilities. Climate change and concerns about energy independence and security have all opened the door for a revival of nuclear power in Europe and elsewhere, but we argue that without the solution to the nuclear waste quandary pioneered by Sweden and Finland, the industry would still be waiting for the nuclear renaissance.
Characterizations of Continuous and Discrete q-Ultraspherical Polynomials
Authors: Ismail Mourad E. H. , Obermaier Josef 
Published: November 2010

Abstract We characterize the continuous q-ultraspherical polynomials in terms of the special form of the coefficients in the expansion DqPn(x) in the basis {Pn(x)}, Dq being the Askey-Wilson divided difference operator. The polynomials are assumed to be symmetric, and the connection coefficients are multiples of the reciprocal of the square of the L2 norm of the polynomials. A similar characterization is given for the discrete q-ultraspherical polynomials. A new proof of the evaluation of the connection coefficients for big q-Jacobi polynomials is given.
A method to calculate the multiphase flow properties of heterogeneous porous media by using network simulations
Authors: Tsakiroglou Christos D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA method is suggested to compute the capillary pressure and relative permeability curves of heterogeneous porous media. The broad pore radius distribution (PRD) and throat radius distribution (TRD) are decomposed into relatively narrow component distribution functions which are used for the computer‐aided construction of pore‐and‐throat networks. The quasi‐static motion of menisci in pores and throats is tracked by accounting for capillary forces. The presence of fractal roughness along pore walls ensures the coexistence of both phases in pores. The calculation of the hydraulic conductance of each phase is based on the concept of constricted unit cell. Simulations in component pore networks constructed from narrow PRD and TRD produce a set of capillary pressure and relative permeability functions, the arithmetic averaging of which yields the corresponding functions for a heterogeneous synthetic pore network. This information is used by a dynamic simulator of drainage in permeability networks to predict experimental results of soil columns. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Alterations in Wnt pathway activity in mouse serum and kidneys during lupus development
Authors: Tveita Anders Aune , Rekvig Ole Petter 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe canonical Wnt/β‐catenin pathway was recently identified as a factor in the pathogenesis of several renal diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate Wnt signaling activity during disease development in a murine model of lupus nephritis.MethodsWnt activity and Dkk‐1 expression were serially assayed in the serum and kidneys of (NZB × NZW)F1 mice during progression of lupus nephritis. The effects of serum obtained from mice with lupus and serum‐equivalent concentrations of Dkk‐1 on mesangial cells were assessed in vitro.ResultsGene expression analyses revealed increased canonical Wnt pathway activity in kidneys during development of lupus nephritis, paralleled by an increase in renal and serum levels of the Wnt inhibitor Dkk‐1. Sera obtained from proteinuric‐stage (NZB × NZW)F1 mice showed strong Wnt‐inhibitory effects in vitro. Dkk‐1 concentrations comparable to those observed in lupus‐prone mice induced apoptosis in tubular and mesangial cells in vitro, whereas no such effect was seen for the range of concentrations observed in young prediseased mice and control BALB/c mice.ConclusionThese data demonstrate that renal Wnt signaling activity is increased in lupus and is accompanied by an increase in renal and serum levels of Dkk‐1. The Wnt pathway is involved in the turnover of extracellular matrix constituents and represents a potential mediator of the morphologic changes that occur within the glomerulus during the development of nephritis. Furthermore, increased levels of Dkk‐1 serve as a potential proapoptotic stimulus in vitro and possibly in vivo and could be an important element in the initiation and progression of systemic and end‐organ disease manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Surgical outcome after incomplete endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric cancer
Authors: Jung H , Bae J M , Choi M G , Noh J H , Sohn T S , Kim S 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer is a relatively new and attractive treatment, but occasionally fails to remove all cancer lesions completely. This study aimed to elucidate clinicopathological factors that could be helpful in predicting residual tumour in the surgical specimen after incomplete endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods
Patients who underwent gastrectomy because of incomplete ESD between August 2004 and August 2008 were analysed. Clinicopathological characteristics were reviewed retrospectively from prospectively collected medical records. Patients were classified into groups with and without residual tumour. Pathology results following gastrectomy were compared with those of incomplete ESD.

Results
A total of 118 patients were included. The incidence of residual tumour in the surgical specimen was 24·6 per cent after incomplete ESD. Elevated/flat-type cancers, large tumours (at least 2 cm) and those limited to the mucosa had significantly higher incomplete ESD rates. Cancer limited to the mucosa and the presence of tumour in the lateral margin were associated with residual tumour in the surgical specimen (both P = 0·001).

Conclusion
Radical gastrectomy should be performed if pathological examination reveals a positive lateral resection margin after ESD.
Mechanistic Insights into the cis–trans Isomerization of Ruthenium Complexes Relevant to Catalysis of Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Poater Albert , Ragone Francesco , Correa Andrea , Szadkowska Anna , Barbasiewicz Michał , Grela Karol , Cavallo Luigi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe mechanism of the trans to cis isomerization in Ru complexes with a chelating alkylidene group has been investigated by using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Static DFT calculations suggest that a concerted single‐step mechanism is slightly favored over a multistep mechanism, which would require dissociation of one of the ligands from the Ru center. This hypothesis is supported by analysis of the experimental kinetics of isomerization, as followed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. DFT molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the variation of geometrical parameters around the Ru center in the concerted mechanism is highly uncorrelated; the mechanism actually begins with the transformation of the square‐pyramidal trans isomer, with the RuCHR bond in the apical position, into a transition state that resembles a metastable square pyramidal complex with a Cl atom in the apical position. This high‐energy structure collapses into the cis isomer. Then, the influence of the N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand, the halogen, and the chelating alkylidene group on the relative stability of the cis and trans isomers, as well as on the energy barrier separating them, was investigated with static calculations. Finally, we investigated the interconversion between cis and trans isomers of the species involved in the catalytic cycle of olefin metathesis; we characterized an unprecedented square‐pyramidal metallacycle with the N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand in the apical position. Our analysis, which is relevant to the exchange of equatorial ligands in other square pyramidal complexes, presents evidence for a remarkable flexibility well beyond the simple cis–trans isomerization of these Ru complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Humidity‐Sensitive Magnet Composed of a Cyano‐Bridged CoII—NbIV Dimetallic Assembly.
Authors: Imoto Kenta , Takahashi Daisuke , Tsunobuchi Yoshihide , Kosaka Wataru , Arai Michio , Tokoro Hiroko , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCo2[Nb(CN)8]·8H2O is prepared by addition of an aqueous solution of K4[Nb(CN)8] to an aqueous solution of CoCl2.
ChemInform Abstract: The Phase Relationships in the Al—Zr—Ho Ternary System at 773 K.
Authors: Pang Mingjun , Zhan Yongzhong , Yang Wenchao , Li Chunliu , Du Yong 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe phase relations of the title system at 773 K are determined over the whole composition range by powder XRD and DTA.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Detection of Cs+ in Water Solutions via One‐Step Formation of a New Type of Struvite‐Like Phosphate.
Authors: Ferdov Stanislav , Lin Zhi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNaMnH(P0.9O4)2 is synthesized from an aqueous solution of NaH2PO4, MnSO4, and 2‐methyl‐1, 5‐pentanediamine (autoclave, 150 °C, 6 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Salt Mediated Radical Reactions of 2‐Substituted‐1,4‐naphthoquinones.
Authors: Lin Zhen‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Ling , Lee Chih‐Shone , Chuang Che‐Ping 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSilver‐catalyzed reaction of hydroxymethyl‐substituted naphthoquinones (I) with α‐oxocarboxylic acids (II) provides access towards naphtho‐fused furan derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Reductive Cleavage of exo‐Olefin to Methylene with a Mild Ozonolysis—Clemmensen Reduction Sequence.
Authors: Xu Shu , Toyama Takayuki , Nakamura Jun , Arimoto Hirokazu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInterestingly, the internal olefin (V) can be cleaved and reduced under similar conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds Using Sodium Borohydride‐Cellulose Sulfuric Acid.
Authors: Alinezhad Heshmatollah , Tollabian Zakieh 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel protocol for the fast and efficient reductive amination of carbonyl compounds (25 examples) is developed that is comparable with various reducible functional groups such as NO2‐ and CN‐groups as well as C=C double bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: Commercial Zinc Oxide (Zn2+) as an Efficient and Environmentally Benign Catalyst for Homogeneous Benzoylation of Hydroxyl Functional Groups.
Authors: Tayebee Reza , Cheravi Fatemeh , Mirzaee Mehdi , Amini Mojtaba M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA reaction pathway is proposed with zinc oxide serving as pre‐catalyst to form Zn2+ as the catalytically active species.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Photochemical Reaction of Diethyl Ether with Vicinal Diols and Ketals.
Authors: Mondal Sujit , Yadav Ram Naresh , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: November 2010

Abstract1,2‐Diols and their ketals can be converted into the corresponding acetals via a novel process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of Halo‐, Arylazo‐Substituted 3‐(3‐(1‐Naphthyl)acryloyl)tropolones. Formation of ((Naphthalen‐1‐yl)‐vinyl)substituted Heterocycle‐Fused Troponoid Compounds.
Authors: Gao Wentao , Sun Mingchun , Li Yang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe first synthesis and some electrophilic substitution and condensation reactions of naphthylacryloyltropolone (III) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Catalytic α‐Alkylation of Aldehydes via an SN1 Pathway.
Authors: Brown Adam R. , Kuo Wen‐Hsin , Jacobsen Eric N. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPrimary aminothiourea derivatives are shown to catalyze enantioselective alkylation of α‐branched aldehydes with diarylbromomethane.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of α,α′‐Bis(substituted‐benzylidene)cycloalkanones Catalyzed by 1‐Methyl‐3(2‐(sulfooxy)ethyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium Chloride.
Authors: Wan Yu , Chen Xiu‐Mei , Pang Li‐Ling , Ma Rui , Yue Cai‐Hui , Yuan Rui , Lin Wei , Yin Wei , Bo Rong‐Cheng , Wu Hui 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCyclohexanone derivatives have stronger fluorescence emission than cyclopropanone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Alkylidene‐γ‐butyrolacton‐2‐ones (Tetronic Acid Derivatives): Polar Solvent Induces a New Type of γ‐Lactonization.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Sabahnoo Hamideh , Noaparast Zohreh , Zohreh Nasrin , Mikaeili Azadeh 
Published: November 2010

AbstractStepwise reaction of alkyl acetoacetates such as (I) with primary amines and haloacetyl halides followed by thermal cyclization in a mixture of polar solvents offers an easy entry to E/Z‐mixtures of the title compounds, substructures of biologically active compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 5‐Oxo‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrroles and 5‐Oxo‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrroles Derivatives.
Authors: Souldozi Ali , Dadrass Ali Reza , Ranjdost Zahra 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTitle compounds (III) and (V) are prepared via intramolecular Wittig‐reaction between dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and strong NH‐acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chlorin‐Fused Monospirooxindolopyrrolidines Through a Facile [3 + 2]‐Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides.
Authors: Saravanan P. , Babu A. R. Suresh , Raghunathan R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe title compounds (IV) are stable when exposed to air for 2—3 months.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel 4‐Substituted Pyrazoline Derivatives.
Authors: Godhasra J. N. , Patel M. C. , Kansagara N. N. , Thanki B. P. , Shah V. R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSome of the novel compounds (III) and (IV) possess significant antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Halobenzyloxy and Alkoxy 1,2,4‐Triazoles and Evaluation for Their Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities.
Authors: Wan Kun , Zhou Cheng‐He 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA variety of halobenzyloxy‐ and alkoxy‐1,2,4‐triazoles (VI) and their corresponding hydrochlorides is synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Clay‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 5‐Substituent 1‐H‐Tetrazoles.
Authors: Chermahini Alireza Najafi , Teimouri Abbas , Momenbeik Fariborz , Zarei Amin , Dalirnasab Zeinab , Ghaedi Aseyeh , Roosta Mostafa 
Published: November 2010

Abstract5‐Aryl‐1H‐tetrazoles (II) are obtained from aromatic nitriles and sodium azide in the presence of montmorillonite K‐10 or kaolin as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Envirocat EPZ‐10: A Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,8‐Dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Pore D. M. , Shaikh T. S. , Patil N. G. , Dongare S. B. , Desai U. V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn ecofriendly method is used for the preparation of title compounds, e.g. (III).