bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preface to the Revolution
Authors: Afkhami Mahnaz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As an official host, the author accompanied President Jimmy Carter and the First Lady during their exceptionally friendly and positive New Year’s Eve 1977 visit to Tehran. At the time, possibility of a revolution – to the Iranian government, the international community, or intelligence organizations – would have seemed far-fetched. Yet twelve months and two weeks later, on January 16, 1979, the shah and Queen Farah left Iran following a year of turbulent upheaval. The WOI continued to develop Iran’s National Plan of Action—which described Iran’s commitment to women’s rights. A direct result of and link to the World Plan of Action announced to UN member nations in late 1975, Iran’s 1978 Plan remains the most comprehensive example of collective, progressive government action for full integration of women in development. In February 1978, Khomeini’s followers organized a violent demonstration in Tabriz during which institutions were looted and burned and demonstrators were wounded or killed. That August the nation witnessed demonstrations and arsons across the country, culminating with the Islamists setting twenty-eight cinemas on fire. The WOI was a focal point of the revolutionaries’ attacks - they feared the accelerating change in women’s condition and especially their changing role in the family.
Sisterhood
Authors: Afkhami Mahnaz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Robin Morgan asked the author to write the Iran chapter for Sisterhood Is Global: An Anthology of the International Women’s Movement. The seventy women who had written their country’s chapters contributed their honoraria to set up the Sisterhood Is Global Institute (SIGI), the first global feminist think tank. Several prominent international feminists, e.g., Simone de Beauvoir, Fatema Mernissi, Ama Ata Aidoo, Peggy Antrobus, Gwendoline Konie, Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, and Devaki Jain became SIGI leaders and members. In 1991, the author was asked to become SIGI’s leader. The author describes other important feminist meetings, collaborative projects, and conferences during the late 1980s/early 1990s. The 1993 UN World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna provided the ideas, connections, and opportunities to form a viable conceptual framework and a set of practical and workable strategies to help move SIGI forward. The author managed the newly established Foundation for Iranian Studies (FIS) in Washington, DC, and worked to include more art exhibits, films, history, and writings by women in its projects. FIS provided office space and support for SIGI. She describes several cases of extrajudicial murder committed abroad against leading exiles by the Iranian government.
Reign of Blood
Authors: Behnken Brian D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The first chapter explores the ways in which the United States took over Mexico's Northwest territories via the Texas Revolution and the Mexican-American War. It also examines how White Americans established the criminal justice system once they acquired this territory from Mexico. That foundation is important because it demonstrates the colonial nature of the US acquisition of Mexico's territory while simultaneously showing how the criminal justice system became an important first building block in American statecraft in the region. Americans were incredibly preoccupied with law and order and establishing the justice system, even before the conclusion of the Mexican-American War. Mexicans resisted American encroachment, fought back militarily, and worked to create a fair criminal justice system.
Drastic Dykes and Accidental Activists
Authors: Mims La Shonda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
After World War II, Atlanta and Charlotte emerged as leading urban centers in the South, redefining the region through their competing metropolitan identities. Both cities also served as home to queer communities who defined themselves in accordance with their urban surroundings and profited to varying degrees from the emphasis on economic growth. Uniting southern women's history with urban history, La Shonda Mims considers an imaginatively constructed archive including feminist newsletters and queer bar guides alongside sources revealing corporate boosterism and political rhetoric to explore the complex nature of lesbian life in the South. Mims's work reveals significant differences between gay men's and lesbian women's lived experiences, with lesbians often missing out on the promises of prosperity that benefitted some members of gay communities. Money, class, and race were significant variables in shaping the divergent life experiences for the lesbian communities of Atlanta and Charlotte; whiteness especially bestowed certain privileges. In Atlanta, an inclusive corporate culture bolstered the city's queer community. In Charlotte, tenacious lesbian collectives persevered, as many queer Charlotteans leaned on Atlanta's enormous Pride celebrations for sanctuary when similar institutional community supports were lacking at home.
Pride
Authors: Mims La Shonda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this chapter gay Pride serves as a lens through which the environment for lesbian lives in Atlanta and Charlotte is understood. Atlanta’s long history of supporting gay Pride celebrations in its queer-friendly Midtown neighborhood offers a unique comparison to Charlotte’s reluctant relationship with gay Pride its queer citizens. The events shaped lesbian life in each city—through political players and activism, through business involvement, and through the bars. Pride celebrations evolved rapidly in the final decades of the twentieth century, and they serve as a bellwether of change in the queer and urban New South. Mayors in both cities played an outsize role in the success of Pride events, as did religious leaders.
The New Ecologies of Industrial Mining
Authors: Studnicki-Gizbert Daviken 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The health and environmental effects of industrial mining and smelting are documented in the chapter. Increasing the rate of ore extraction and processing accelerated the extractive metabolism, demanded new sources of energy, and produced new outflows of waste. The geography of coal and oil as well as its environmental effects is briefly discussed. The greater part of the chapter describes the local effects of high-intensity extraction in Cerro de San Pedro and San Luis Potosí, such as heavy-metal contamination, infectious and parasitical diseases, occupational health hazards, and silicosis.
The Third Death of Cerro de San Pedro
Authors: Studnicki-Gizbert Daviken 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The conclusion of the book returns one last time to Cerro de San Pedro, now in the aftermath of the closure of the open-pit project. This marks the third time the place has been abandoned by mining but, as the book suggests, this too might prove to be yet another cycle. Instead of closure, then, the conclusion offers a series of reflections: on the prospects for a return of large-scale mining, on the millennial rhythms of chronic water contamination; on the ruination and recuperation of the town; on the continued mobilizations of social and environmental justice movements against extractivism; on the projects for reforming Mexico's mining code. The book closes with four portraits, or views, of Cerro de San Pedro, each plumbed for elements that cast back through the key themes and scenes surveyed in this book.
Introduction
Authors: Garfield Seth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Beginning with the Sateré-Mawé creation myth, the Introduction situates the reader historically, geographically, and ethnographically in the origins of the guaraná plant in the Brazilian Amazon and foreshadows the dramatic transformations in the plant’s history to a popular Brazilian soft drink over the ensuing centuries. The chapter examines the historical and historiographic importance of a study of guaraná and reflects on the paucity of historical scholarship to date on the plant and namesake soft drink. The Introduction also reviews the historical methodologies employed in the book, the range of source materials, and the contribution to a range of historical fields, including the history of medicine, food studies, Indigenous ethnohistory, and Brazilian history. The Introduction underscores the aim of the book to showcase as a taste of Brazil: a product and projection of the nation’s history.
Guaraná
Authors: Garfield Seth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter traces the deep history of guaraná to pre-Columbian Amazonian ethnobotany, historical ecology, and Indigenous plant domestication. It details Indigenous peoples’ strategic modification of Amazonian landscapes and management of forest resources, as evinced by the prevalence of Amazonian dark earths, and examines Sateré-Mawé scientific knowledge in the domestication of the guaraná plant and the preparation of a foodstuff. Moreover, in reconstructing the symbiotic relations between humans and plants integral to the emerging interdisciplinary field of plant humanities, the chapter details the distinctive cosmological, ontological, and social importance of the plant within Sateré-Mawé communities. The chapter highlights the rituals and beliefs surrounding Indigenous planting, harvesting, and consumption of guaraná and the beverage’s traditional role in reinforcing communal norms and mediating dispute.
Introduction
Authors: Grego Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The introduction opens with Quash Stevens, a man born into slavery with a complex past, who in 1893 managed farms and cattle on Kiawah Island, South Carolina. Stevens, looking out at the island amidst the hurricane, could see only floodwaters. From there, the introduction provides an overview of how the Lowcountry environment has been understood and shaped by enslavers, enslaved and free African Americans, and white landowners and politicians. The built environment of the Lowcountry is revelatory of its history, and the 1893 hurricane became a part of that story. It struck at an especially tenuous time. Reconstruction lingered in the Lowcountry in meaningful ways into the 1890s, because of the region’s Black majority and the preponderance of African American landownership, and it took an extraordinary set of circumstances – environmental and political – to tear the era’s gains away from the hands of Lowcountry African Americans. The book charts that evolution.
Red Cross Recovery
Authors: Grego Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the largest centralized disaster recovery effort to that point in US history: the American Red Cross’s nine-month-long effort in the sea islands. Because no standardized government approach mandated a response to “acts of God” like hurricanes or earthquakes, American survivors of disasters in the late nineteenth century depended upon the benevolence of charity and local mobilization. The Red Cross, under founder Clara Barton, coordinated a community-oriented relief effort in the Lowcountry that distributed rations to at least 75,000 people, worked to bring government dollars to the survivors, and inculcated lessons in uplift to coastal African Americans. African Americans seized the opportunity to turn the Red Cross’s paternalist interest in self-sufficiency to their own project of bolstering their autonomy, using the Red Cross’s rations, tools, and resources to rebuild their homes, farms, and communities.
Draining the Black Majority
Authors: Grego Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
White supremacists had caught a glimpse of what Jim Crow could look like on the South Carolina coast after the hurricane: formerly independent African Americans forced into conditions of deprivation. In the wake of the Red Cross alliance with Black residents, white Democrats realized that the consolidation of white supremacy in South Carolina mandated a shift in the balance of power from the local to the state level. This chapter shows how white Democrats launched a new attack on coastal African Americans during South Carolina’s 1895 Constitution Convention. But the elite in the state turned to other, less conventional methods to consolidate Jim Crow as well. In the ten years after the hurricane, whites challenged the mere existence of the landed Black majority in the Lowcountry. They advocated for white immigration into the Lowcountry, Black emigration from the region, and methods of environmental management (often built using Black convict labor) that would drain the region of its wetlands and its Black majority. Rather than maintaining the antebellum African American-populated landscape that yielded profit to whites, white supremacists maneuvered to forge a new environment that would supplant coastal African Americans to benefit white health and wealth.
Jim Crow Lowcountry
Authors: Grego Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Great Sea Island Storm of 1893 gradually–though not inevitably–coalesced with the pressures of white supremacy to force an out-migration of African Americans from the Lowcountry. As a force that undermined Black livelihoods and a flashpoint that many coastal residents, both Black and white, remembered as a significant turning point in Lowcountry history, the hurricane’s destruction signaled the slow demise of the coast’s agrarian nature. Many African Americans moved to cities in the early Great Migration. Conversely, the white elite turned their attention from the material to the memorial, forging a modified Lost Cause narrative about the beauty of Lowcountry agriculture that cast a glossy veil of moonlight and magnolias over the brutalities of enslavement.
Introduction
Authors: Haumesser Lauren N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter lays out the subject of the book: gender, race, the Democratic Party, and the coming of the Civil War. It sets out the main argument: that Democrats used gendered issues and gendered rhetoric to win the election of 1856, but that those gender tactics ultimately split the party in 1860 and contributed to the coming of the Civil War. And it explains how that argument builds on and contributes to the historiography on women, gender, and antebellum politics; gender theory; the origins of the Civil War; and the antebellum Democratic Party.
Free Women, Free Land, Free Love, and Frémont
Authors: Haumesser Lauren N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During the election of 1856, Democrats painted Republicans as illegitimate and sectionalist. This chapter explains that Democrats did this by using gender in three ways. They pilloried Republican John Frémont’s appearance and his wife Jessie Frémont’s independence. They associated the Republican Party with the women’s rights and free love movements. And they argued that abolitionism was the source of Republican gender radicalism. These tactics defined Republicans as the party of women’s rights, free love, abolitionism, and disunion, and the Democrats as the party of patriarchy, conservatism, and Union, and contributed to the election of President James Buchanan.
For the Safety of Their Firesides
Authors: Haumesser Lauren N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the secession of the southern states in the winter of 1860-61. For four years, Democrats had caricatured Republicans as social radicals who wanted to impose women’s rights, free love, and abolition on the South. After Lincoln won the election, northern Democrats tried to walk back this rhetoric to save the Union and forestall secession. But Deep South Democrats had come to believe that their slave society was different from, superior to, and under threat by northern free society. They began to construct a southern national identity that idealized white womanhood, and white women lent their support to the cause. Finally, after the firing on Fort Sumpter and Lincoln’s call for troops, Upper South Democrats quit the Union and decided to fight for slavery, white southern women, and white southern homes.
Daniel and the Scotts
Authors: Hutchins Zachary McLeod 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Most black Africans whose stories were excerpted in colonial newspapers remain anonymous, and those whose names are not recorded were anonymous even to contemporaries. But a few black Africans won a form of local fame or infamy through their repeated attempts to escape captivity. Their stories can be traced through a series of recurring runaway slave advertisements. This chapter surveys the field of serial runaways from 1705 to 1730 and reconstructs the narrative of a young man named Daniel, who ran away from his Quaker enslavers, Edward Wanton and John Scott, in 1714. Daniel was part of black African communities in Scituate, Massachusetts and Newport, Rhode Island that taught him how to claim his freedom, using the skills he learned as a ship carpenter to claim a new life.
Cross-Border Cosmopolitans
Authors: Adjetey Wendell Nii Laryea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
African American history from 1900 to 2000 cannot be told without accounting for the significant influence of Pan-African thought, just as the story of twentieth-century US foreign policy cannot be told without accounting for fears of an African World. In the early 1900s, Marcus Garvey and his followers perceived the North American mainland, particularly Canada following US authorities' deportation of Garvey to Jamaica, as a forward-operating base from which to liberate the Black masses from colonialism. After World War II, Vietnam War resisters, Black Panthers, and Caribbean students joined the throngs of cross-border migrants to denounce militarism, imperialism, and capitalism. In time, as urban uprisings proliferated in northern US cities, the prospect of coalitions among the Black Power, Red Power, and Quebecois Power movements inspired US and Canadian intelligence services to collaborate, infiltrate, and sabotage Black organizations across North America. Assassinations of "Black messiahs" further radicalized revolutionaries, rekindling the dream for an African World from Washington, D.C., to Toronto to San Francisco to Antigua to Grenada and back to Africa. Alarmed, Washington's national security elites invoked the Cold War as the reason to counter the triangulation of Black Power in the Atlantic World, funneling arms clandestinely from the United States and Canada to the Caribbean and then to its proxies in southern Africa. By contending that twentieth-century global Black liberation movements began within the US-Canadian borderlands as cross-border, continental struggles, Cross-Border Cosmopolitans reveals the revolutionary legacies of the Underground Railroad and America's Great Migration and the hemispheric and transatlantic dimensions of this history.
Conclusion
Authors: Adjetey Wendell Nii Laryea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Long before globalization and cosmopolitanism became buzzwords, diasporic Africans saw advantages in borderless communities and nations. Twentieth-century transnationalism remained integral to the self-determination of African North Americans, shaping the ways that they imagined freedom within the context of empires, states, and colonies. The absence of effective firewalls allowed infiltration, counter-subversion, and counterintelligence measures to undermine Black liberation. So long as these geopolitical forces continue to subjugate the Black masses and disembowel the African continent, Pan-Africanisms will live.
Circulating Specters
Authors: Allred Mason Kamana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Smith’s most polished account of his “first vision,” where God and Jesus Christ appeared to him in the woods when he was a young man, Smith stressed over and again he had “actually seen” what was understood by others to be impossible. For Smith it was “actual” and material. Both stimulating and instructive, Smith’s ghost stories also coincided with the founding Mormon media project of making visions material and repeatable through the repro- duction of print media. In the wake of optical media’s tricks and possibilities, trusting vision required new attention and training. From the publication of the Book of Mormon to sundry revelations, being Mormon meant learning and adopting specific techniques of reading (text) and seeing (visions), again looking at something to see something else. It meant becoming a visionary observer by turning natural vision into spiritual vision, or “hallucinating” between the lines.
Introduction
Authors: Purkiss Ava 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The introduction provides an overview of African American women’s engagements with fitness – as an idea, civic endeavor, and physical pursuit - in the first half of the twentieth century. It grounds the book in two theories of citizenship – citizenship as “desirable activity” and embodied citizenship. The introduction explains that Black women aspired toward “fitness” despite socio-political mandates that told them otherwise and created definitions of Black womanhood that confounded mainstream ideas about Black embodiment and physicality.
Epilogue
Authors: Purkiss Ava 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The epilogue uses 3 “sites” of inquiry – the civil rights movement, the welfare queen trope, and Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move! Campaign – to consider the possibilities and limitations of Black women’s fitness after 1950. By exploring the requisite exercise of civil rights walking protests, the corporality of the so-called welfare queen, and the racial and gender politics of Let’s Move!, the epilogue asks new questions about Black women’s health, physicality, and bodies. It explores the idea of “aspirational fitness” – the difficulties, fantasies, and practices of Black women’s fitness endeavors.
Aztlán in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Johnson Diana K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter investigates the 1972 Chicano-led takeover of Beacon Hill Elementary in Seattle. This chapter discusses the migration of Chicanx residents to Seattle and the subsequent lack of social services for this community. This chapter chronicles how Chicano activists responded through direct land and property reclamation, partially inspired by the takeover of Fort Lawton. This effort also relied upon Seattle’s growing network of multiracial collation builders.
From Seattle to Mozambique
Authors: Johnson Diana K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter begins to explore the late-1970s and 1980s, chronicling how Seattle coalition builders shifted their work over multiple decades. In doing so, this chapter contextualizes the evolution of multiracial coalitions against the backdrop of neoconservatism. This chapter chronicles how members of the United Construction Workers Association and allies moved abroad to Mozambique to engage in anti-apartheid activism and circumvent some of the constraints of the 1980s political climate.
Reading Territory
Authors: Walkiewicz Kathryn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The formation of new states was an essential feature of US expansion throughout the long nineteenth century, and debates over statehood and states' rights were waged not only in legislative assemblies but also in newspapers, maps, land surveys, and other forms of print and visual culture. Assessing these texts and archives through a literary studies analysis, Reading Territory theorizes the logics of federalism and states' rights in the production of US empire, revealing how they were used to imagine states into existence while clashing with relational forms of territoriality asserted by Indigenous and Black people. Reading Territory centers its analysis on statehood movements to create the places now called Georgia, Florida, Kansas, Cuba, and Oklahoma. In each case, it shows that Indigenous dispossession and anti-Blackness scaffolded the settler-colonial project of establishing states' rights. But dissent and contestation by Indigenous and Black people imagined alternative paths, even as their exclusion and removal reshaped and renamed territory. By recovering this tension, we more fully understand the role of state-centered discourse as an expression of settler colonialism. We also see the possibilities for a territorial ethic that insists on thinking beyond the boundaries of the state.