bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Symptom-Checker for Adult Patients Visiting an Interdisciplinary Emergency Care Center and the Safety of Patient Self-Triage: Real-Life Prospective Evaluation
Authors: Meer Andreas , Rahm Philipp , Schwendinger Markus , Vock Michael , Grunder Bettina , Demurtas Jacopo , Rutishauser Jonas 
Published: May 2024

Background
Symptom-checkers have become important tools for self-triage, assisting patients to determine the urgency of medical care. To be safe and effective, these tools must be validated, particularly to avoid potentially hazardous undertriage without leading to inefficient overtriage. Only limited safety data from studies including small sample sizes have been available so far.

Objective
The objective of our study was to prospectively investigate the safety of patients’ self-triage in a large patient sample. We used SMASS (Swiss Medical Assessment System; in4medicine, Inc) pathfinder, a symptom-checker based on a computerized transparent neural network.

Methods
We recruited 2543 patients into this single-center, prospective clinical trial conducted at the cantonal hospital of Baden, Switzerland. Patients with an Emergency Severity Index of 1-2 were treated by the team of the emergency department, while those with an index of 3-5 were seen at the walk-in clinic by general physicians. We compared the triage recommendation obtained by the patients’ self-triage with the assessment of clinical urgency made by 3 successive interdisciplinary panels of physicians (panels A, B, and C). Using the Clopper-Pearson CI, we assumed that to confirm the symptom-checkers’ safety, the upper confidence bound for the probability of a potentially hazardous undertriage should lie below 1%. A potentially hazardous undertriage was defined as a triage in which either all (consensus criterion) or the majority (majority criterion) of the experts of the last panel (panel C) rated the triage of the symptom-checker to be “rather likely” or “likely” life-threatening or harmful.

Results
Of the 2543 patients, 1227 (48.25%) were female and 1316 (51.75%) male. None of the patients reached the prespecified consensus criterion for a potentially hazardous undertriage. This resulted in an upper 95% confidence bound of 0.1184%. Further, 4 cases met the majority criterion. This resulted in an upper 95% confidence bound for the probability of a potentially hazardous undertriage of 0.3616%. The 2-sided 95% Clopper-Pearson CI for the probability of overtriage (n=450 cases,17.69%) was 16.23% to 19.24%, which is considerably lower than the figures reported in the literature.

Conclusions
The symptom-checker proved to be a safe triage tool, avoiding potentially hazardous undertriage in a real-life clinical setting of emergency consultations at a walk-in clinic or emergency department without causing undesirable overtriage. Our data suggest the symptom-checker may be safely used in clinical routine.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04055298; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04055298
Digital Photocolorimetric Analysis of In Vitro Tooth Color Changes
Authors: Bezerra AP , Oshima S , Feldmann A , Tango RN , Duque TM , Philippi AG , Gonçalves TMSV 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARY

Objective:
Tooth color matching is challenging, and digital photocolorimetry using eLABor_aid (eLAB) provides objective evaluation through polarized photographs. However, its comparability with spectrophotometry remains unclear.

Methods and Materials:
Bovine incisor root canals (n=30) were prepared to simulate an incomplete root apex. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups based on intracanal medication: control (without medication); calcium hydroxide/propylene glycol; and triple-antibiotic paste (n=10 each). Tooth color was assessed using both eLAB and spectrophotometry. Measurements were taken at the crown medio-cervical region on five-time intervals (baseline, 1, 3, 7, and 14 days). Statistical analysis included two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, Sidak post hoc and Pearson's correlation test (α=0.05).

Results:
No significant differences were observed between the two methods for either medication or follow-ups (p&gt;0.05). Triple-antibiotic paste exhibited higher color variation (p&lt;0.05). After 7 days, all groups presented significant color changes (p&lt;0.05). Moderate to high correlations (R2 from 0.51 to 0.84, p&lt;0.0001) were found between both methods for all groups at all intervals.

Conclusion:
The eLAB is a reliable method for detecting tooth color changes, and its results are comparable to spectrophotometry analysis.
Amikacin in 30% poloxamer 407 is a versatile local therapy with method of application and outcome documented in 29 dogs
Authors: Risselada Marije , Spies Kate E. , Kim Sun Young 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To report the clinical use, adverse events, and outcomes after using amikacin in 30% poloxamer 407 (amikacin-P407) during open wound management or in a closed wound application in dogs.

ANIMALS
29 client-owned dogs.

METHODS
Medical records from January 2017 to August 2023 from a single hospital were reviewed for dogs that received amikacin-P407 in an open or closed wound application. Information reviewed included signalment, nature of wound and/or surgical site infection (SSI), bacterial cultures, amikacin dose, gel volume, route of administration, estimated wound surface area, biochemistry parameters, urine casts, wound progression, and general clinical outcome.

RESULTS
Amikacin-P407 was applied during open wound care (10 dogs), via injection (5 dogs), and at time of wound closure (13 dogs) and was used both in open and closed wound management (1 dog). Wounds were associated with SSIs in 18 of 30 sites. Multidrug resistance was noted in 21 of 30 preapplication cultures. Median amikacin dose was 14.5 mg/kg (range, 3 to 59.5 mg/kg), median total volume was 5.0 mL (range, 1 to 12 mL), and median tissue surface area was 6.6 cm2 (range, 1.6 to 36 cm2), for a local wound dose of 62.5 mg/cm2 (range, 6.9 to 214.3 mg/cm2). No short-term adverse local or systemic effects were noted in any wounds or dogs. No dehiscence was seen in 17 of 19 closed sites.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The results of this case series suggested that Amikacin-P407 can be applied in a variety of ways with no adverse effects. Amikacin-P407 may be considered in open wound management or in a closed setting for infected wounds and SSIs.
Pantarsal arthrodesis stabilized with circular external skeletal fixators in 8 dogs (2010–2022)
Authors: Seger Cameron B. , Johnson Matthew D. , Wilson Lance , Lewis Daniel D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To report the surgical technique, complications, and outcomes of 8 dogs that underwent a unilateral pantarsal arthrodesis stabilized using a circular external skeletal fixator (CESF) construct for the treatment of uni- or multilevel tarsal instability.

ANIMALS
8 dogs.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Medical records from 2010 to 2023 from 2 small animal hospitals were retrospectively reviewed for dogs undergoing pantarsal arthrodeses stabilized with CESF. Data collected for each dog included signalment, injury etiology, construct configuration, radiographic imaging, antimicrobial use, complications, length of time until construct removal, and outcome based on clinical evaluation by the owner and veterinary surgeon.

RESULTS
8 dogs met the requirements of inclusion for the study. Dogs had a mean age of 5.5 years (range, 0.42 to 13 years) and weight of 15.1 kg (range, 2.5 to 26.4 kg). Angulated 3- and 4-ring constructs were used in 5 and 3 dogs, respectively, with or without hybridization. Tarsi were stabilized with a mean angle of extension of 124.8° (range, 111.5° to 136.5°). Fixator removal was performed at a mean time of 11.3 weeks (range, 6 to 16 weeks). Complications developed in 4 dogs, 2 of which had poor clinical outcomes despite additional interventions, including recurrent digit trauma and poor limb use postoperatively. Six dogs had excellent outcomes.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A CESF may be considered as an alternative to plate stabilization when performing a pantarsal arthrodesis. This fixation requires rigorous postoperative care but obviates the need for supplemental postoperative coaptation.
Substrate Temperature Effect on the Structural, Optical and Morphological Proprties of Cobalt Sulfide Thin Films Deposited Using Spray Pyrolisis
Authors: Gahtar Abdelouahab , Zaouche Chouaib , Maouane Aicha , Ammari Abdelkader , Dahbi Laid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Thin films of cobalt sulfide were grown on glass substrates at four different temperatures (250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C and 400 °C) using spray-pyrolysis technique. The precursor solutions were prepared using cobalt chloride and thiourea. The effect of deposition temperature on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of cobalt sulfide thin films was investigated using different experimental techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and four-probe method. The XRD analysis showed that crystallite size varies from 9.76 to 14.11 nm with increasing the deposition temperature. UV-visible data analysis shows a decrease in the band gap energies with increasing temperature (1.82 eV for 250 °C, 1.76 eV for 300 °C, 1.72 eV for 350 °C, and 1.65 eV for 400 °C). The analysis of the chemical composition by FTIR confirmed the presence of Co, S elements. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity of the cobalt sulfide thin films increased owing to the increase in the crystallite size and reduction of defects density.
The Impact of Female Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth in Developing and Developed Economies
Authors: Gulvira Akybayeva , Ainash Mussabekova , Sagynysh Mambetova , Meiramgul Ayaganova , Aliya Koitanova 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Significance. The development of women’s entrepreneurship is still a largely untapped potential for growth and prosperity. The economic role of women is crucial for growth and a more equitable distribution of wealth. Economic opportunities are much more important for women today than for the previous generation, especially for developing countries. In this regard, the impact of women’s entrepreneurship on economic growth is an important area of research reflecting broader interests in gender equality, economic development and human resource optimization. Objectives. Analysis of the impact of women’s entrepreneurship on the economies of developed and developing countries and the development of some recommendations for the development of women’s entrepreneurship. Methods. For this study, the method of ordinary least squares (OLS) was used, which analyses the impact of women’s entrepreneurship on economic growth in developed and developing countries in the period 2012-2022. Results. The under-development of women’s entrepreneurship represents untapped potential for growth and prosperity in many countries. In this regard, there is an urgent need to create more favourable conditions for the development and strengthening of women’s entrepreneurship, more thoughtful policies and decisive measures aimed at empowering women are crucial. The results obtained in the course of this study are important for the development of theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of women’s entrepreneurship. The results of the study may be useful for women entrepreneurs, NGOs/NGOs, development institutions and government agencies.
Innovative Application and Design of Smocking Technology in Local Chinese Clothing Brands
Authors: Chenlu Wang , Zhao Lixue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study explores the innovative application and design of smocking technology in local Chinese clothing brands, emphasizing the technique’s evolution from a functional necessity to a decorative art form. It delves into the integration of smocking with modern fashion design, highlighting its significance in enhancing fabric texture, silhouette, and overall aesthetic appeal. Through comprehensive analyses of case studies and craft types, the paper reveals how local brands creatively adapt smocking, merging traditional craftsmanship with contemporary design principles. The findings suggest that smocking technology not only enriches the textile design repertoire but also contributes to the global identity and innovation of local Chinese clothing brands, bridging heritage crafts with modern design innovations.
Reembodying Utopia: The Politics of Nature in Ali Smith’s “Seasonal Quartet”
Authors: Bernard Catherine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ali Smith’s “Seasonal Quartet” chooses to inscribe Smith’s reading of Brexit in a long history of social and ideological fractures dating back to the 1980s. Transmuting the genre of “the condition of England” novel, she brings it into conjunction with the language of utopia and art. Her previous exploration of the politics of metamorphosis (see, for instance, “The Beholder,” Public Library and Other Stories [2015]) is here harnessed to a reflection on the experience of collective crisis and of historical belonging. Exploring the affective politics of nature, and harnessing artists like Barbara Hepworth and Tacita Dean to a form of re-affected utopia, she elaborates a poetics of transmutation harboring the promise of collective redemption. Turning to the concept of hospitality as analyzed by Derrida, as well as the series’ critical intermediality, this paper reflects on the poetics of affect crafted by Smith and the way her vision of a re-aestheticized body politic, fueled by the rhythms of nature, fashions a re-affected national community. (CB)
Figures and Grounds: Art and the Body Politic in Ali Smith’s Winter
Authors: Bényei Tamás 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The essay reads Winter (2017), the second volume of Ali Smith’s “Seasonal Quartet,” as a novel that engages with Brexit by revitalizing the metaphor of the body politic. Focusing on the role of landscape, the novel’s use of art objects and its intertextual conversation with Shakespeare’s late romance Cymbeline (ca. 1610), the essay also addresses the ways in which the reimagining of the body politic is entangled with Smith’s poetic strategies, arguing that matters of form and aesthetics are indistinguishable from the novel’s ethical and political concerns. Exploring parallels with post-’45 British landscape painting and art, especially Barbara Hepworth’s works, the analysis is concerned with two striking intrusions of the irrational in the novel: a hallucinated lump of landscape hovering above the characters and a child’s head floating in the air; both are crucial to the revitalization of the metaphor of the body politic as well as in the conversation the novel conducts with British art and with Cymbeline, a play that is an exploration of the idea of the body politic and of sovereignty in the context of the end of Britain’s relations with Europe. (TB)
“Asiatic Black Man”: W. E. B. Du Bois and Langston Hughes in Soviet Asia--Part I—The Shifting “Double-consciousness” of Du Bois
Authors: Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This essay seeks to revisit the curious case of the “Asiatic Black Man” by demonstrating how this identity, inherent in the collective unconsciousness and shared by Muhammad Ali, W. E. B. Du Bois, Langston Hughes, and Paul Robeson, could be consolidated as an “imagined community” through the microhistory of African Americans experiencing Soviet Asia. The essay proposes Afro-American Eurasianism as a transcontinental approach to converge the transnational, transatlantic, and transpacific perspectives in the Eurasian landmass, wherein the consilience of the Soviet overarching ambition of becoming the only world power as well as various themes that connected the micro-narrative of African Americans with the big history1 of Asia rendered Eurasianism as a shared political ideology, to be exploited by each side as a grand strategy in ending global racial politics. By positioning the twin cases of Du Bois and Hughes, this paper aims to show how the Soviet Union’s divergent endeavors of the “world revolution”—with Hungary and China as their primary targets for exporting revolutions in order to control the Eurasian “heartland”—and “socialism in one country”—with Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan as the in-the-making products of the Soviet nation-building experiments so as to convey the raceless image of Potemkin villages through Central Asia’s window to the world—could draw them away from their initial embrace of Black nationalism and shape their radical thoughts toward the Soviet cause. Moreover, this study posits that Soviet Asia functioned as a psychogeographical and geopolitical conduit that facilitated the elaboration of the Afro-American “Asiatic Black Man” fantasy and imagination of the communistic utopia as an alternative international order, while it unexpectedly resulted in a new “double-consciousness,” compelling Du Bois and Hughes to oscillate between Moscow and Beijing/Tashkent. (YZ)
Twisted Narratives: The Neoconservatives’ Pursuit of War for Oil in the 1970s
Authors: Awale Rasha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Following the oil crisis of 1973, President Nixon and other American officials made statements on the possibility of resorting to force in the event of OPEC’s actual “strangulation of the West” (Oil Fields as Military Objectives 1). Such statements were followed by a set of articles that rationalized taking military action to seize the oil fields in the Middle East. This paper argues that academics, political advisers, and news commentators who later became known as neoconservatives were the leading voices behind these calls for war. Their arguments and detailed plans of attack initiated a serious discussion of the military option in various decision-making circles and in different media outlets. By revisiting these articles and analyzing their narratives, this essay draws a connection between the neoconservatives’ war rhetoric in 1973–1975 and their war rhetoric in the aftermath of 9/11 attacks. The essay contends that in the effort to maintain US hegemony and dominance over a volatile and strategically vital region, neoconservatives reemployed an orientalist discourse that transformed the Middle East and its “natives” into the West’s cultural Other, namely, an opponent to democracy, modernity, and liberalism that can only be dealt with through the use of force. (RA)
Evaluation of cracking risk of 80MnSi8-6 nanobainitic steel during hot forging in the range of lower temperature limits
Authors: Lisiecka-Graca Paulina , Lisiecki Łukasz , Zyguła Krystian , Wojtaszek Marek 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nanobainitic steels exhibit an exceptional combination of high strength, good plasticity, impact toughness, and wear resistance. They are suitable for the production of large mass components through the open-die forging process. Subsequently, the forgings are air-cooled. An obstacle of this method is the extended time required for the large forgings to undergo a bainitic transformation, making the industrial implementation of this process economically unjustifiable. Nevertheless, nanobainitic steels also allow for the open-die forging of small batches of structural elements with high property requirements. A technological limitation lies in the necessity of performing a series of operations, leading to a prolonged processing time dependent on the shape of the product and the degree of deformation. Therefore, inter-operational reheating is often necessary, incurring costs and time consumption. This is particularly relevant to forgings with a mass ranging from a few to several dozen kilograms, which, due to their low thermal capacity, rapidly dissipate heat to the surroundings and tools. Designing an economical process with a limited number of reheating cycles requires advanced knowledge of material behavior under thermo-mechanical deformation parameters, including boundary conditions where a significant decrease in plasticity occurs and the risk of crack initiation. To obtain this information, a comprehensive analysis of the influence of thermo-mechanical parameters applied during the deformation of nanobainitic steel at relatively low temperatures on the flow characteristics and crack formation was conducted. To achieve this goal, the Digital Image Correlation method, the finite element method modeling considering damage criteria, and the macrostructural evaluation of deformed specimens were employed.
Hepatoprotective Activity of <i>Bergenia ciliata</i> Roots in Ethanol Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Manger Pravesh , Jha Deepak Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Liver disease (LD) is one of the main causes of mortality and modality in worldwide. Around 500 million people worldwide are thought to have chronic hepatitis infections, which cause over a million deaths a year. Treatments for LD must be developed with a new approach to cure or prevent the progression of the disease without any consequences. Currently, this study's purpose is to examine and confirm the methanolic extract of Bergenia Ciliata root’s ability to protect rats from ethanol induced hepatotoxicity. Wistar rats were administered 1 cc of 30% ethyl alcohol in all the groups except the normal control P.O. once a day for 40 days in order to cause hepatoxicity. After confirmation of LD, the methanolic extract of Bergenia ciliata (MEBC) roots and the standard drug silymarin (0.1 g/kg, b.w., orally) were given twice daily for 21 days. Liver weight, body weight, Serum liver enzymes like SGPT, SGOT, serum ALP, total protein, albumin, and antioxidant enzymes were assayed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect, followed by liver histopathology to evaluate the hepatic architecture and all alignments and inflammatory cells. The protective markers of all the rats treated with alcohol showed a substantial increase, and the rats administered MEBC showed a remarkable recovery towards an almost normal level. These findings suggest that MEBC protected the structural integrity of the hepatocellular membrane and ethanol-damaged liver cells cellular architecture, which was supported by histological analysis. The present study demonstrates that the methanolic extract Bergenia Ciliata roots possess hepatoprotective property.
THE ROOF TILES OF THE MOSCOW KREMLIN: ON-SITE SURVEYS OF THE 1910s-1940s
Authors: Баранова С.И. 
Published: May 2024

В статье впервые публикуются сведения об архитектурно-археологических работах на башнях Московского Кремля в первой половине ХХ в. Они проводились под руководством А. В. Филиппова и стали первым научным исследованием известных во всем мире шатров, венчающих башни архитектурного символа России. Черепичное покрытие башен сходит в основном к XVII в., но в составе изделий, вероятно, оказались и ремонтные экземпляры, которыми заменяли утраченные черепицы уже в XVIII в. Черепица была двух видов: плоская в виде дощечек с уступами и отверстием для прибивания к кладке и полукруглые в сечении для перекрытия ребер шатров. Все черепицы были покрыты глазурью. В материалах архива А. В. Филиппова представлены промеры черепицы отдельных башен и данные об углах наклона их скатов. По материалам исследований ученый готовил большую работу, но не успел ее закончить.
This paper is the first to publish information on the architectural and archaeological activities carried out to examine the towers of the Moscow Kremlin in the first half of the 20th century. These activities were led by A. V. Filippov and were the first research of the hipped roofs crowning the architectural symbol of Russia. The roof tiles date mainly to the 17th century; however, the tiles examined also included some items used in repair works to replace the lost roof tiles in the 18th century. The tiles were of two types, namely, flat ones shaped as slabs with ledges and holes which were nailed to the masonry; and tiles semi-round in cross-section which were used to cover the ribs of the hipped roofs. All roof tiles were glazed. The materials from A. V Filippovs archives contain documents with measurements of the tiles covering some towers and data concerning the angles of the roofs slopes. The scholar was preparing an extended scientific work containing the results of the research but this work was not finished.