bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program (PTP) on Knowledge of Sex Education among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Kharde Sangeeta N , Rajaput Ashakumari H 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT
Adolescent is the second decade of life, marking the transistion from childhood to adulthood. These are the formative years when maximum amount of physical, psychological and behavioral changes takes place. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of PTP on knowledge of sex education among adolescent girls was the main objective of the present study.

Objectives
• To assess the knowledge of adolescent girls on selected aspects of sex.
• To prepare and conduct planned teaching program on selected aspects of sex education among adolescent girls.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program.
• To find out the association between pretest knowledge scores and selected demographic variables.

Methods
The research approach for the study was that of an evaluative one with one group pretest post-test design. The sample size considered for the study was 65 adolescent girls. The sampling technique used for the study was simple random sampling which is a type of probability sampling. The tool used for gathering relevant data was a structured questionnaire on knowledge of sex education.

Results
The results revealed that, majority of the girls 25 (38.46%) belonged to a age group of 17 years while minimum 5 (7.69%) belonged to a age group of 19 years. Majority girls 34 (52.30%) belonged to PUC II year. Majority of girls 51(78.46%) belonged to Hindu religion and majority girls mothers educational status 27 (41.53%) was secondary school where majority of girls father educational status 21(41.53%) was graduation. Most of the mothers 42 (64.6%) were working and majority of the girls 36 (55.38%) and 37 (56.92%) belonged to nuclear family and rural area. Majority of girls 61(93.4%) were unmarried and 27 (41.53%) gained information from internet and 28 (43.07%) family income was 4001 to 6000.
In pretest majority of the girls 40 (61.53%) had average knowledge, 14 (21.53%) had good knowledge, and 11(16.92%) had poor knowledge, whereas in post-test 62 (95.38%) of girls had good knowledge and 3 (4.61%) had average knowledge. The calculated paired ‘t’ value (t = 26.38) is greater than tabulated ‘t’ value (t = 1.960).

Conclusion
There was evident increase in the knowledge scores in all the areas included in the study after administration of PTP. Thus, it was proved that PTP was effective teaching method for creating awareness on importance of sex education and STI, STD and HIV/ AIDS transmission and focusing the reproductive health hazards like preventing sexual violence among youths.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge of Mothers on Prevention of Hypothermia among Newborns in Selected Hospitals of Belgaum, Karnataka
Authors: Kharde Sangeeta N , Bhandari Usha M 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT
A newborn baby is a god's divine precious gift given to a mother. Nurses play very crucial role in prevention of newborn hypothermia during the hospitalization of newborn in NICU. To evaluate the effectiveness of PTP on prevention of hypothermia in newborn among mothers was the main objective of the present study. One group pretest, post-test design (pre-experimental) was used. 30 postnatal mothers were selected by nonprobability sampling and pretest questionnaire was administered through structured interview schedule. After PTP 7 days after posttest was conducted on same group. Results were analysed by ‘t’ test. The results revealed that there was statistically significant association between knowledge of mothers and age and religion, and remaining three variables there was no statistical significant association (p < 0.05). The PTP was the best teaching strategy as it enhance the knowledge on prevention of hypothermia.
Rudimentary claws and pigmented nail‐like structures on the distal tips of the digits of Wnt7a mutant mice: Wnt7A suppresses nail‐like structure development in mice
Authors: Kimura Sumiko , Saitsu Hirotomo , Schaumann Blanka A. , Shiota Kohei , Matsumoto Naomichi , Ishibashi Makoto 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:As Wnt7a mutant mice exhibit double ventral structures in the digits of autopods, it has been accepted that dorsal‐ventral identity in limb development is regulated by the Wnt7a signal. The most important evidence for this was the presence of surface pads, typical characteristics of ventral structures, on the dorsal side of digital tips and at the base of digits and their pigmentation.METHODS:The morphologic features of the appendages on the distal tips of digits were inspected in the fore‐ and hindlimbs of mice having a different Wnt7a mutation. The digital structures were examined macroscopically and histologically.RESULTS:The Wnt7a homozygous mutant mice with defects in postaxial digits had rudimentary claws or claws and pigmented nail‐like structures, instead of dorsal pads, on the distal digital tips and hairs on the dorsal surface of the digits of fore‐ and hindlimbs. Furthermore, pigmented ectopic nail‐like structures but not pads were also present on the dorsal surface of the base of digits. Double ventral structures were observed in the bones and tendons, excluding pads in digital areas.CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that Wnt7a is not necessarily an exclusive dorsalizing signal to the dorsal ectoderm of the digital areas of autopods. Rather, the Wnt7a signal may participate in suppression of the development of pigmented nail‐like structures in normal limb development. This means that even rodents, a species lower than primates in the evolution from claws to nails, have molecular potential to develop cutaneous appendages similar to nails at their location. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development and characterization of three new diploid cell lines from Labeo rohita (Ham.)
Authors: Lakra Wazir S. , Swaminathan T. Raja , Rathore Gaurav , Goswami Mukunda , Yadav Kamalendra , Kapoor Smita 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDevelopment of cell lines from fish for identifying the pathogenesis of viral diseases and for vaccine production against viral and bacterial diseases is imperative where they are of commercial importance. Three new diploid fish cell lines (RF, RH, and RSB) were developed from fin, heart, and swim bladder of an Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, commonly called Rohu. All the cell lines were optimally maintained at 28°C in Leibovitz‐15 medium supplemented with 10% FBS. The propagation of RH and RSB cells was serum dependent, with a low plating efficiency (<16%), whereas RF cells showed 20% efficiency. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a diploid count of 50 chromosomes. The cells of RF and RSB were found to be epithelial, where as the cells of RH were mostly fibroblastic. The viability of the RF, RH, and RSB cell lines was 75, 70 and 72%, respectively after 6 months of storage in liquid nitrogen. The origin of the cell lines was confirmed by the amplification of 496 and 655 bp fragments of 16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) of mtDNA. The new cell lines would facilitate viral disease diagnosis and genomic studies. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Mechanical engineering education via projects in multibody dynamics
Authors: Lipinski K. , Docquier N. , Samin J.C. , Fisette P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe present contribution focuses on the feasibility and interest of setting up a multi‐disciplinary project in the field of multibody dynamics, as a sequel to the undergraduate course in classical mechanics. The pedagogical objectives of this “learning layer” cover various aspects, namely: give the student the opportunity to exploit and analyze the equations of motion for a real application, make them able to formulate consistent hypotheses for such applications and promote an actual multi‐disciplinary activity (mechanics, numerical methods, computer science and CAD). The project is performed by groups of students and is organized in the frame of a global active pedagogical process which characterizes our undergraduate engineering program at the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL, Belgium). After more than 10 years of experience, we can claim that this multi‐disciplinary project really improves the student's skills in the field of multibody system modeling and computer simulation, including a timid but existing engineering attitude with respect to the results they obtain. Among the educational ingredients that make this project really fruitful educationally speaking, one must emphasize a key point of the approach, relating to the use of the symbolic multibody program ROBOTRAN to assist students in producing their equations of motion. Contrarily to research activities, the use of the ROBOTRAN symbolic models are exploited in such project, more for an educational motivation than for the computer efficiency of the simulation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 529–539, 2012
Regulation of microtubule organization and functions by septin GTPases
Authors: Spiliotis Elias T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSeptins comprise an evolutionarily conserved family of oligomeric GTPases that regulate the intracellular localization of proteins by functioning as protein scaffolds and diffusion barriers. Recent studies reveal that septins associate with microtubules, microtubule‐associated proteins (MAPs), and microtubule motors. Here, I review these findings and consider how septins may spatially regulate the interaction of microtubules with MAPs and motor proteins. Thus, septins may constitute a novel regulatory module of microtubule organization and function with important implications in the understanding and treatment of cancer and neurodegeneration. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic measures of RSA predict distress and regulation in toddlers
Authors: Brooker Rebecca J. , Buss Kristin A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this study, we examined a new method for quantifying individual variability using dynamic measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). This method incorporated temporal variation into the measurement of RSA and provided information beyond that offered by more traditional quantifications such as difference scores. Dynamic and static measures of change in RSA were tested in relation to displays of emotion and affective behaviors during a fear‐eliciting episode in a sample of 88 typically developing and high‐fear toddlers during a laboratory visit at age 24 months. Dynamic measures of RSA contributed information that was unique from traditionally employed, static change scores in predicting high‐fear toddlers' displays of shyness during a fear‐eliciting episode. In contrast, RSA change scores offered information related to boldness in nonhigh‐fear children. In addition, several associations included estimates of nonlinear change in RSA. Implications for the study of individual differences in RSA and relations with emotion and emotion regulation are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 372–382, 2010.
The influence of attachment representation on parental perception and interpretation of infant emotions: A multilevel approach
Authors: Spangler Gottfried , Maier Ursula , Geserick Barbara , von Wahlert Angelika 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate parental perception and interpretation of infant emotional expression depending on their attachment representation. Forty‐six parents' responses to infant pictures depicting positive, neutral, and negative emotions were assessed on the level of affective judgments (valence, arousal), mimic responses (facial muscle activity), and of the eyelid reflex (using the startle paradigm). Results revealed small differences between parents of different attachment representations with respect to their subjective evaluations. However, secure parents, as compared to insecure ones, showed a positive bias in their mimic responses to infant pictures. The modulation of the startle response indicated a negative evaluation of negative infant emotion expressions in dismissing parents, while an augmentation of the startle response to negative infant emotions could not be observed in secure and preoccupied parents. The findings highlight the role of attachment experiences for emotional information processing in parents and its consequences for parental behavior. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 411–423, 2010.
High ethanol dose during early adolescence induces locomotor activation and increases subsequent ethanol intake during late adolescence
Authors: Acevedo María Belén , Molina Juan Carlos , Nizhnikov Michael E. , Spear Norman E. , Pautassi Ricardo Marcos 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAdolescent initiation of ethanol consumption is associated with subsequent heightened probability of ethanol use disorders. The present study examined the relationship between motivational sensitivity to ethanol initiation in adolescent rats and later ethanol intake. Experiment 1 determined that ethanol induces locomotor activation shortly after administration but not if tested at a later post‐administration interval. In Experiment 2, adolescent rats were assessed for ethanol‐induced locomotor activation on postnatal Day 28. These animals were then evaluated for ethanol‐mediated conditioned taste aversion and underwent a 16‐day‐long ethanol intake protocol. Ethanol‐mediated aversive effects were unrelated to ethanol locomotor stimulation or subsequent ethanol consumption patterns. Ethanol intake during late adolescence was greatest in animals initiated to ethanol earliest at postnatal Day 28. Females that were more sensitive to ethanol's locomotor‐activating effects showed a transient increase in ethanol self‐administration. Blood ethanol concentrations during initiation were not related to ethanol‐induced locomotor activation. Adolescent rats appeared sensitive to the locomotor‐stimulatory effects of ethanol. Even brief ethanol exposure during adolescence may promote later ethanol intake. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 424–440, 2010.
Attachment, depression, and cortisol: Deviant patterns in insecure‐resistant and disorganized infants
Authors: Luijk Maartje P.C.M. , Saridjan Nathalie , Tharner Anne , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Hofman Albert , Verhulst Frank C. , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBoth attachment insecurity and maternal depression are thought to affect infants' emotional and physiological regulation. In the current study, Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) attachment classifications, and cortisol stress reactivity and diurnal rhythm were assessed at 14 months in a prospective cohort study of 369 mother–infant dyads. Maternal lifetime depression was diagnosed prenatally using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Insecure‐resistant infants showed the largest increase in cortisol levels from pre‐ to post‐SSP; the effect was even stronger when they had depressive mothers. Disorganized children showed a more flattened diurnal cortisol pattern compared to nondisorganized children. Findings are discussed from the perspective of a cumulative risk model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 441–452, 2010.
Challenges to bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata) social groups: Mother–infant dyad and infant social interactions
Authors: Laudenslager Mark L. , Natvig C. , Mikulich‐Gilbertson S.M. , Blevins M. , Corcoran C. , Pierre P.J. , Bennett A.J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe mother‐infant dyad is crucial to early development in a variety of species. The complexity of social groupings in nonhuman primates makes this relationship resilient as well as susceptible to early challenges associated with environmental chaos. Quantitative behavior observations of bonnet monkey mother‐infant interactions were collected from 28 mother‐infant dyads between one and twelve months of age. Social groups were subjected to several prenatal and/or postnatal housing relocations within a single year resulting in two study groups. One group experienced relocations (ATYPICAL, n = 14) and the second group (TYPICAL, n = 14) was conceived and reared in the same location. Behaviors in the ethogram included mother‐infant interactions and infant social interactions with other members of the group. Observations between ages of two to four months were analyzed by a mixed model analysis of variance including fixed effects of per and postnatal history (TYPICAL, ATYPICAL), age, and history by age interaction and random effects of mother and infant nested within mother. A significant effect of relocation history was noted on a number of infant behaviors. ATYPICAL infants were out of direct contact with their mother at an earlier age but remained in her proximity. Control of proximity shifted to offsrping in the ATYPICAL group compared to the TYPICAL group. Furthermore, greater social interactions between two and four months of age with other members of the social group as well as the ir mother were observed in the ATYPICAL group. It is suggested that continuous challenge associated with relocation may affect the infant at later developmental ages due to these early differences in ways that are yet unclear. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 465–474, 2010.
Motivation to change among residential treatment patients with an eating disorder: Assessment of the multidimensionality of motivation and its relation to treatment outcome
Authors: Delinsky Sherrie S. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Germain Sarah A. St. , Ellison Craigen Katherine , Weigel Thomas J. , Levendusky Philip G. , Becker Anne E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective:To examine the multidimensional nature of motivation to change in an adolescent sample in residential eating disorder (ED) treatment and relate it to outcome.Method:To determine whether different dimensions of motivation (benefits, burdens, and functional avoidance) are differentially associated with symptom severity and outcome, we assessed eating pathology and motivation to change in consecutively admitted female patients (n = 67) with AN, BN, and EDNOS in a residential ED program with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and the Decisional Balance Scale (DB).Results:Pretreatment DB benefits and functional avoidance subscales were correlated with ED and comorbid psychopathology. Admission to discharge change in DB benefits—but not other measured dimensions of motivation was significantly associated with post‐treatment EDE‐Q global scores.Discussion:Our findings support that motivation to change is a multidimensional construct among ED patients. A reduction in perceived benefits of illness is associated with less severe post‐treatment eating pathology. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:340–348)
Nonfat phobic anorexia nervosa: Clinical characteristics and response to inpatient treatment
Authors: Carter Jacqueline C. , Bewell‐Weiss Carmen V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to compare patients admitted to a specialized inpatient program for anorexia nervosa (AN) with and without a fear of weight gain in terms of specific eating disorder symptoms, general psychopathology, and treatment outcome.Method:Measures of specific and general psychopathology were administered at admission to and discharge from the inpatient program. Of the 138 participants, 81% (n = 112) were categorized as having clinical levels of “fear of weight gain” and 19% (n = 26) were categorized as having subclinical levels of this feature.Results:The subclinical‐level group had lower scores on measures of eating disorder psychopathology, depression, general psychiatric disturbance, and obsessive‐compulsive symptomatology, but higher self‐esteem scores. There were no differences found in terms of age of onset of AN, duration of illness, AN subtype, body mass index, or treatment outcome.Discussion:The current findings provide evidence that underweight patients who deny a fear of weight gain are less disturbed in terms of both eating disorder pathology and general psychopathology. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:220–224)
The approaches for manipulating mitochondrial proteome
Authors: Shokolenko Inna N. , Alexeyev Mikhail F. , LeDoux Susan P. , Wilson Glenn L. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOver the past decade a large volume of research data has accumulated which has established a fundamental role for mitochondria in normal cellular functioning, as well as in various pathologies. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in metabolism and energy production, and are one of the key players involved in programmed cell death. On the other hand, mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated, directly or indirectly in numerous pathological conditions including inherited mitochondrial disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and a variety of malignancies. The ability to modulate mitochondrial function by altering the diverse protein component of this organelle may be of great value for developing future therapeutic interventions. This review will discuss approaches used to introduce proteins into mitochondria. One group of methods utilizes strategies aimed at expressing proteins from genes in the nucleus. These include overexpression of nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial proteins, allotopic expression, which is the re‐coding and relocation of mitochondrial genes to the nucleus for expression and subsequent delivery of their gene products to mitochondria, and xenotopic expression, which is the nuclear expression of genes coding electron transport chain components from distant species, for delivery of their products to mammalian mitochondria. Additionally, antigenomic and progenomic strategies which focus on expression of mitochondrially targeted nuclear proteins involved in the maintenance of mtDNA will be discussed. The second group of methods considered will focus on attempts to use purified proteins for mitochondrial delivery. Special consideration has been given to the complexities involved in targeting exogenous proteins to mitochondria. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A compendium of human mitochondrial gene expression machinery with links to disease
Authors: Shutt Timothy E. , Shadel Gerald S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMammalian mitochondrial DNA encodes 37 essential genes required for ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation, instability or misregulation of which is associated with human diseases and aging. Other than the mtDNA‐encoded RNA species (13 mRNAs, 12S and 16S rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs), the remaining factors needed for mitochondrial gene expression (i.e., transcription, RNA processing/modification, and translation), including a dedicated set of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, are products of nuclear genes that are imported into the mitochondrial matrix. Herein, we inventory the human mitochondrial gene expression machinery, and, while doing so, we highlight specific associations of these regulatory factors with human disease. Major new breakthroughs have been made recently in this burgeoning area that set the stage for exciting future studies on the key outstanding issue of how mitochondrial gene expression is regulated differentially in vivo. This should promote a greater understanding of why mtDNA mutations and dysfunction cause the complex and tissue‐specific pathology characteristic of mitochondrial disease states and how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to more common human pathology and aging. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.