bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excavations at Gloucester. Fourth Interim Report: St. Oswald's Priory, Gloucester, 1975–1976
Authors: Heighway Carolyn 
Published: November 2011

SummaryExcavations at St. Oswald's Priory, Gloucester, showed that the site was occupied in the second century by the Roman municipal tile works which was abandoned by the fourth century. The ruined church which now stands on the site shows two successive building phases pre-dating a Norman arcade; excavation established part of the plan of this late Anglo-Saxon church and also uncovered part of the tenth- to thirteenth-century cemetery. Documentary evidence suggests that this was the ‘new minster’ built by Æthelflæd and Æthelred of Mercia. Taking other historical and archaeological evidence into consideration, Gloucester can be argued to have had, in the late ninth to early tenth century, a special significance for the rulers of Mercia.Specialist reports are offered on the stratified medieval pottery, and on the inscribed bell-mould from the tenth-century church.
The Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon Site at Upton, Northants
Authors: Jackson D. A. , Harding D. W. , Myres J. N. L. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon site at Upton near Northampton was excavated by Mr. Jackson on behalf of the Ministry of Public Building and Works, July—December 1965. In addition to Iron Age pits and ditches the principal discovery was that of a timber Saxon building which is remarkable for its combination of the structural features of a Grubenhaus with the dimensions and plan of a small timber hall. The building contained more than sixty loom-weights, and is interpreted as a weaving shed rather than a domestic occupation site. It was destroyed by fire, and charred timbers have revealed the position of internal fixed wooden furniture. From pottery and small finds it is suggested that the site was occupied in the late sixth to early seventh centuries A.D.
The Dolaucothi Gold Mines I: The Surface Evidence
Authors: Lewis P. R. , Jones G. D. B. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe first-fruits of the programme of research organised under the auspices of the Dolaucothi Research Committee are presented here in a survey of the surviving surface remains from the Roman gold mine in South Wales. The mine-workings are comprehensively describedfor the first time with particular reference to the complex aqueduct system that still survives relatively intact above the main workings. In addition to the aqueduct derived from the River Cothi, a second has been tracedfrom the headwaters of the River Annell. The inter-relation of the aqueducts and their derivatives offers, it is suggested, a way to chart the over-all development of the mines. The stage is now setfor a programme of underground survey in the mine area proper and excavation on a large scale in the associated settlement nearby.
Thomas Hearne, Richard Richardson, and the Osmondthick Hoard
Authors: Briggs Stephen 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe discovery in 1709, at Osmondthick, West Riding of Yorkshire, of a hoard of socketed axes, is described from contemporary sources. The contents of the hoard, its site of discovery, and ultimate fate are considered, as well as its archaeological significance. Contemporary views on prehistoric socketed axes, most particularly those of Thomas Hearne and Richard Richardson, are contrasted, and it is concluded that Richardson's observations mark him as an important but neglected contributor to contemporary antiquarian thought.
Two Aurar of Gold. Contributions to the Weight History of the Migration Period
Authors: Bakka Egil 
Published: November 2011

SummaryTwo Migration period finds of gold ‘payment rings’ from south-western Norway are identified as sets of balance weights, carefully adjusted to the old system of aurar and ertogar (pl. of ON eyrir m. and ertog m.), metrologically taken over from the Roman system, with the eyrir equivalent to the Roman ounce of 27·29 gm. The sets can be used for weighing with great accuracy at intervals of eyrir, one being adjusted to an eyrir value of 27·42 gm., the other set ingeniously made to be used for weighing in units of two different eyrir values, one of 27·35 gm. (0·06 more than the Roman standard ounce), and another of 29·13 gm., near the maximum of the accepted standard variation of the eyrir as it can be found in other contemporary gold finds of south-western Norway. A general discussion argues that the Roman weight system and standards were taken over and practised in Northern Europe from the fourth century onwards.
The Scaffold George of Charles I
Authors: The Duke of  Wellington  
Published: November 2011

The last act performed by King Charles I when he was standing on the scaffold beside his executioner was to hand the Lesser George of the Order of the Garter, which he was wearing suspended from a ribbon round his neck, to Bishop Juxon, uttering as he did so the word ‘Remember’. The George was taken from the bishop by the Parliamentarians, but was eventually recovered by Charles II.It is only natural to suppose that so sacred and so portable a relic was taken away by James II. He is stated by Madame de Sévigné to have used a George which had belonged to his father when investing the due de Lauzun with the Garter in February 1689. This is not recorded to have been the Scaffold George, but it shows that he took his family's insignia of the Garter with him into exile. In the eighteenth century it was universally believed that Charles I's Scaffold George was in the possession of the exiled Stuarts. Sir R. Payne-Gallwey quotes a letter written from Rome in December 1785. This letter describes Prince Charles Edward as wearing the George ‘which is interesting as being the one King Charles had on when he was beheaded, and that he desired to be sent to his son’.
Tilbury Fort and the development of artillery fortification in the Thames estuary
Authors: Saunders A. D. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThree of the four main periods of artillery fortification in England, when construction was undertaken on a national scale, are represented in the Thames: the castles and bulwarks of Henry VIII, the bastioned forts of the late seventeenth century, and the Royal Commission forts of the 1860's. The exception is the rather special case of the Martello Tower system, but its place here is taken by the steady improvements carried out at the end of the eighteenth century and in the 1840's and 1850's. Shornemead, Cliffe Creek, and Slough Forts are ruined and derelict, Coalhouse Fort is used as a store, but Tilbury, now in the guardianship of the Ministry of Works, can show the progress of fortification over the course of 250 years. That they never saw the action for which they were designed is irrelevant, for, as Sidney Herbert said in 1860, ‘the object of the fortifications is not so much to resist as to deter attack’.The subsequent coastal batteries of the last two wars, the hastily constructed pill-boxes, and even the ‘flak’ towers off the east coast are simply gun positions. They are neither self-contained nor self-defensible fortresses. By these criteria the forts erected as a result of the 1860 Royal Commission can be regarded as the last legitimate successors of the prehistoric hill fort and the medieval castle.
Two ‘Lost’ Greek Inscriptions
Authors: Cook B. F. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryTwo Greek inscriptions, originally discovered and published in the eighteenth century but subsequently ‘lost’, appeared at Sotheby's during 1970 in sales of inscriptions from the collections of the Earl of Lonsdale at Lowther Castle, The first, a list of magistrates and officials of the municipium of Rhegium, was found at Reggio Calabria in 1727, and the second, a metrical inscription from a fountain, was brought from Lesbos to England in 1748. Both have been acquired for the British Museum.
The Location and Relationship of the Sancton Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries
Authors: Faull Margaret Lindsay 
Published: November 2011

SummaryExamination of the Rolleston papers and local field-work have permitted identification of the site of the Sancton II cemetery and ascription of objects in the Ashmolean Museum to individual burials described by Rolleston. It can now be seen that, during the sixth century A.D., a small, predominantly inhumation cemetery close to the village was in use concurrently with the large cremation cemetery, which had begun on the top of the wold in the early fifth century and which was possibly used by surrounding communities, and that the Christian church was eventually built on the same site as the inhumation cemetery.
The Second Marquis of Rockingham, Coin Collector
Authors: Hopper R. J. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe Second Marquis of Rockingham (1730–1782) was a devoted collector of Roman Imperial coins. The letters here published cover only a limited period of his collecting activity, but they are significant for his association with Mr. James Byres, his agent in Rome. They make clear the enthusiasm of Lord Rockingham, and the involvement of Mr. Byres in the sometimes murky conditions of the Italian market. The letters include details on a number of historic personalities as well as minor figures in the world of dealers. Finally, an effort is made to examine the attitudes of noble collectors in the eighteenth century and before to the coins they acquired, and the important sequel at the end of the century.
Our First Charter
Authors: Pugh R. B. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe Antiquaries decided to seek incorporation in March I751 and secured a royal charter, little supplemented since, in the following November. By using all known domestic and governmental records and also many ‘blue books’ the charter's progress from petition to patent is here traced and the composition of its cost examined. The key position of the Attorney General now occupied by the Privy Council Office, the scrupulous observance of obsolescent legal formalities, and the Antiquaries' debt to the Royal Society's charters are emphasized. Domestic interest apart, the article contributes to the neglected study of eighteenth-century diplomatic.
Mother and Sun in Romano-Celtic Religion
Authors: Green Miranda J. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThis paper examines the two dominant cults of Sky and Fertility in the Romano-Celtic world. There are no literary allusions to a link between the two concepts, but a substantial body of archaeological data does exist which testifies to a close iconographic association between the images and symbolism reflecting beliefs in celestial and fertility powers. The most important material evidence consists of a group of small clay statuettes representing female figures decorated with what are probably solar symbols. Allied to this is evidence for an association between the Celtic Mother-Goddesses (theDeae Matres) and cosmic motifs, particularly the solar wheel. It is also possible to identify traces of a fertility aspect to the cult of a male solar divinity. Whilst the simplistic argument for a divine ‘marriage’ between sky-father and earth-mother (Hatt 1965) is not here advanced, there is, nevertheless, strong evidence from Gaul and Britain that the two major cults of the Romano-Celtic world were clearly intertwined. This association need not be such a paradox as it might seem; the sun, like the rain, was essential for crop-growth, and the iconography appears to demonstrate acknowledgement of, and gratitude for, this interaction between natural—or supernatural—phenomena.
The Volute in Late-Arretine Ware, and its Adoption in Early South Gaulish Terra Sigillata in the Tiberius-Claudius Period
Authors: Oswald Felix 
Published: November 2011

The adoption of the volute in later Arretine ware has been ably demonstrated by Oxé as the result of the unrolling and disarticulation of the drooping palmette—a transformation which Drexel had previously advocated and described.The tendency of the drooping palmette to uncurl the tips of its leaflets (either upwards or downwards) was already visible in the Anta-capital, in a capital of a temple of Apollo at Didyma, and at Priene. No. 5 with an upward curl of the leaflets occurs on the Cyma of the tholos at Epidauros; a downward curl is visible in a terra-cotta metope, no. 4, at Pallazalle, Sicily, and on Arretine ware stamped C ANNI at Tübingen; also on an Arretine ATEIVS crater at Haltern.
The Dedication Inscription at Jarrow and its Context
Authors: Higgitt John 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe early Anglo-Saxon dedication inscription at Jarrow is described, transcribed, and translated. Its purpose is considered and its contents are analysed and compared to Anglo-Saxon and Continental inscriptions, liturgical calendars, and papal documents. The stages in the execution are discussed. The lettering is shown to be in a relatively pure Roman capital without Insular forms. The other inscriptions of Monkwearmouth and Jarrow are considered in relation to the dedication inscription. Three probably consecutive palaeographical groups are suggested and similarities to lettering in manuscripts from the same centres are noted. The contents of extant and recorded inscriptions, including those attributable to Bede, are examined for evidence of their historical contexts. Most of the inscriptions emerge as characteristically ‘Roman’ products of the two houses.
A Medieval Brass Mortar from South Wales and its Affinities
Authors: Lewis J. M. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryTen medieval ribbed mortars from British collections, only three with known provenances, are described, and their relationship with the Hispano-Moresque and Islamic series of such vessels discussed. They have been sampled for analysis of the alloys used in their manufacture, most being found to be alloys which would today be referred to as ‘leaded bronze’ or ‘leaded gunmetal’. The Deptford mortar, however, was found to be made from an impure copper, and the Coity vessel from a ‘leaded brass’.
William Morris and the Kelmscott Estate
Authors: Dufty A. R. 
Published: November 2011

I Have been looking about for a house for the wife and kids, and whither do you guess my eye is turned now? Kelmscott, a little village about two miles above Radcott Bridge—a heaven on earth; an old stone Elizabethan house like Water Eaton, and such a garden! close down on the river, a boat house and all things handy. I am going down there again on Saturday with Rossetti and my wife: Rossetti because he thinks of sharing it with us if the thing looks likely.…[William Morris to C. J. Faulkner, 17 May 1871]
Limit cycle walking, running, and skipping of telescopic-legged rimless wheel
Authors: Asano Fumihiko , Suguro Masashi 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYThis paper investigates the efficiency and properties of limit cycle walking, running, and skipping of a planar, active, telescopic-legged rimless wheel. First, we develop the robot equations of motion and design an output following control for the telescopic-legs' action. We then numerically show that a stable walking gait can be generated by asymmetrizing the impact posture. Second, we numerically show that a stable running gait can be generated by employing a simple feedback control of the control period, and compare the properties of the generated running gait with those of the walking gait. Furthermore, we find out another underlying gait called skipping that emerges as an extension of the walking gait. Through numerical analysis, we show that the generated skipping gaits are inherently stable and are less efficient than the other two gaits.
A case-control study on the occurrence ofSalmonellaspp. in the environment of pigs
Authors: GOTTER V. , BLAHA T. , KLEIN G. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to compare the occurrence ofSalmonellaspp. found in the animal environment in pig herds with differentSalmonellarisks (61 herds with low seroprevalence, 81 herds with high seroprevalence) on a broad scale. The environmental samples were divided into two types: direct (n=1105) and indirect (n=1220) environmental samples. All samples were tested forSalmonellaspp. via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Most of the indirect environments were more oftenSalmonella-positive in the high-seroprevalence herds than in the low-seroprevalence herds; significantly higher were compartment aisles [odds ratio (OR) 3·45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·61–7·41], driving boards (OR 3·06, 95% CI 1·38–6·92) and the central aisle of the barn (OR 3·03, 95% CI 1·35–6·83). The overall results show that especially areas in the indirect environment are the major, but mostly underestimated causes of residualSalmonella.
Control measures for a recent invasion of Hieracium pilosella in Southern Patagonian rangelands
Authors: CIPRIOTTI P A , RAUBER R B , COLLANTES M B , BRAUN K , ESCARTÍN C 
Published: November 2011

Cipriotti PA, Rauber RB, Collantes MB, Braun K & Escartín C (2011). Control measures for a recent invasion of Hieracium pilosella in Southern Patagonian rangelands. Weed Research 52, 98–105.SummaryPlant invasions have important ecological impacts on biodiversity, the functioning of ecosystems and economic sustainability. In this study, we evaluated the effects of four control measures (pasture sown + fertiliser, fertiliser and selective/non‐selective herbicide applications) in two different grazing conditions (grazed and ungrazed) during a recent invasion of the exotic herb Hieracium pilosella in northern grasslands of Tierra del Fuego Island in Southern Patagonia, Argentina. As response variables, we measured the cover of the invasive species, the dominant growth forms of other plant species, litter and bare soil at patch scales (m²) during two consecutive growing seasons. The effects of fertilisation depended on the grazing conditions; H. pilosella cover decreased by more than 92% and was replaced by dicotyledonous herbs in the ungrazed/fertilised subplots, while it exhibited no decrease in the grazed/fertilised subplots after the second growing season. Both herbicides (selective and non‐selective) reduced H. pilosella cover by c. 63% compared with the untreated subplots independently of grazing. However, the non‐selective herbicide application resulted in an increase in bare soil and litter cover in the treated grazed and ungrazed subplots respectively. In contrast, such effects were not observed with the selective broad‐leaved herbicide application. A control strategy based on the local application of selective herbicides and/or NP fertilisers, in conjunction with a transient ban on sheep grazing, reduced the invader’s cover in the short term and at a local scale and also reduced the cover of bare soil through the restoration of native vegetation. An economic assessment of this strategy supported the profitability of these control measures.
Block‐and‐ash flow deposit of the Narcondam Volcano: Product of dacite–andesite dome collapse in the Burma–Java subduction complex
Authors: PAL TAPAN , BHATTACHARYA ANINDYA 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNarcondam Island in the Andaman Sea represents a dacite–andesite dome volcano in the volcanic chain of the Burma–Java subduction complex. The pyroclasts of andesitic composition are restricted to the periphery of the dome predominantly in the form of block‐and‐ash deposits and minor base surge deposits. Besides pyroclastic deposits, andesitic lava occurs dominantly at the basal part of the dome whereas dacitic lava occupies the central part of the dome. The pyroclasts are represented by non‐vesiculated to poorly vesiculated blocks of andesite, lapilli, and ash. The hot debris derived from dome collapse was deposited initially as massive to reversely‐graded beds with the grain support at the lower part and matrix support at the upper part. This sequence is overlain by repetitive beds of lapilli breccia to tuff breccia. These deposits are recognized as a basal avalanche rather than lahar deposit. This basal avalanche was punctuated by an ash‐cloud surge deposit representing a sequence of thinly bedded units of normal graded unit to parallel laminated beds.
Differential inhibition of tumour cell‐induced platelet aggregation by the nicotinate aspirin prodrug (ST0702) and aspirin
Authors: Medina Carlos , Harmon Shona , Inkielewicz Iwona , Santos‐Martinez Maria Jose , Jones Michael , Cantwell Paula , Bazou Despina , Ledwidge Mark , Radomski Marek W. , Gilmer John F. 
Published: November 2011

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSETumour cell‐induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) facilitates cancer cell invasion, angiogenesis and the formation of metastatic foci. TCIPA can be modulated by pharmacological inhibitors of MMP‐2 and ADP; however, the COX inhibitor aspirin did not prevent TCIPA. In this study, we have tested the pharmacological effects of a new group of isosorbide‐based aspirin prodrugs on TCIPA.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHTCIPA was induced in human platelets by mixing with human adenocarcinoma or fibrosarcoma cells under no flow and flow conditions. The release of gelatinases and P‐selectin expression during TCIPA were studied by zymography and flow cytometry respectively.KEY RESULTSTumour cells caused platelet aggregation. This aggregation resulted in the release of MMP‐2 and a significant up‐regulation of P‐selectin on platelets, indicative of platelet activation. Pharmacological modulation of TCIPA revealed that ST0702, one of the aspirin prodrugs, down‐regulated TCIPA while aspirin was ineffective. The deacetylated metabolite of ST0702, 5‐nicotinate salicylate (ST0702 salicylate), down‐regulated both ADP‐stimulated platelet aggregation and TCIPA.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSOur results show that ST0702 was an effective inhibitor of TCIPA in vitro. Its deacetylated metabolite may contribute to the effects of ST0702 by inhibiting ADP‐mediated TCIPA.
Hematological, serum, and plasma chemical constituents in pantropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata) following chase, encirclement, and tagging
Authors: St. Aubin David J. , Forney Karin A. , Chivers Susan J. , Scott Michael D. , Danil Kerri , Romano Tracy A. , Wells Randall S. , Gulland Frances M. D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHematology, serum chemistry, and plasma hormones were evaluated in 72 pantropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata attenuata) from the eastern tropical Pacific in an attempt to define the degree of stress associated with chase and encirclement by a tuna purse seiner, and are here reported for the first time for this species. Dolphins had high levels of dopamine and moderately elevated levels of enzymes indicative of the expected muscle damage following exertion of the chase. The length of time between the start of the capture operation and blood sampling correlated with increases in platelet and white blood cell counts and mean cell hemoglobin concentration, while the length of time between net tie‐down and blood sampling influenced platelet, white blood cell, and eosinophil counts. Ten dolphins recaptured 1–3 d after their first capture had significantly lower serum creatinine kinase, thyroid (T4) and globulin levels compared to values in dolphins sampled at nominal first capture. Although small sample sizes and large individual variation limit interpretation, these data indicate a stress response occurred in all dolphins, but the extent of the response is within the expected range for adaptive responses previously measured in limited numbers of wild mammals.
Comment on "on the stability of quadratic double centralizers and quadratic multipliers: a fixed point approach" [Bodaghi et al., j. inequal. appl. 2011, article id 957541 (2011)]
Authors: Park Choonkil , lee Jung Rye , Shin Dong Yun , Gordji Madjid Eshaghi 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Bodaghi et al. [On the stability of quadratic double centralizers and quadratic multipliers: a fixed point approach. J. Inequal. Appl. 2011, Article ID 957541, 9pp. (2011)] proved the Hyers-Ulam stability of quadratic double centralizers and quadratic multipliers on Banach algebras by fixed point method. One can easily show that all the quadratic double centralizers (L, R) in the main results must be (0, 0). The results are trivial. In this article, we correct the results.

2010 MSC: 39B52; 46H25; 47H10; 39B72.