bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage treated in Swedish intensive care: A registry study
Authors: Anna Arnlind , Marita Danielsson , Lars Engerström , Lovisa Tobieson , Lotti Orwelius 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a life‐threatening disease with high mortality and morbidity. Patients with aSAH in Sweden are cared for at one of six neuro intensive care units (NICU) or at a general intensive care unit (ICU).This study aimed to describe the incidence, length of stay, time in ventilator and mortality for these patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective, descriptive study of patients with aSAH, registered in the Swedish Intensive care Registry between 2017 and 2019. The cohort was divided in sub‐cohorts (NICU and general ICU) and regions. Mortality was analysed with logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1520 patients with aSAH from five regions were included in the study. Mean age of the patients were 60.6 years and 58% were female. Mortality within 180 days of admission was 30% (n = 456) of which 17% (n = 258) died during intensive care.A majority of the patients were treated at one hospital and in one ICU (70%, n = 1062). More than half of the patients (59%, n = 897) had their first intensive care admission at a hospital with a NICU.Patients in the North region had the lowest median GCS (10) and the highest SAPS3 score (60) when admitted to NICU. Treatment with invasive mechanical ventilation differed significantly between regions; 91% (n = 80) in the region with highest proportion versus 56% (n = 94) in the region with the lowest proportion, as did mortality; 16% (n = 44) versus 8% (n = 23). No differences between regions were found regarding age, sex and length of stay.ConclusionsPatients with aSAH treated in a NICU or in an ICU in Sweden differs in characteristics. The study further showed some differences between regions which might be reduced if there were national consensus and treatment guidelines implemented.
New Sierola Cameron, 1881 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) from Norfolk and Phillip Islands
Authors: Magnacca Karl N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe flat wasp genus Sierola Cameron, 1881 is reviewed from Norfolk and Phillip Islands for the first time. Six new species are described: S. bounites sp. nov., S. dysmica sp. nov., S. idae sp. nov., S. incomitata sp. nov., S. longisetae sp. nov., and S. phillipensis sp. nov. The fauna is surprisingly large for such small islands, but consistent with high diversity of the genus found elsewhere in the Pacific. The low collecting effort and small number of specimens for most of the species suggests that more remain to be found.
A new species of Paralucia Waterhouse & Turner, 1905 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from the highlands of south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Braby Michael F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA new species of lycaenid butterfly, Paralucia crosbyi sp. nov. (Theclinae: Luciini), is described, diagnosed and illustrated from Namadgi National Park, ACT, and adjacent areas in New South Wales in the highlands of south‐eastern Australia. It is most similar to Paralucia spinifera E.D. Edwards & Common, 1978, but comparative morphology of the adult and immature stages indicates fundamental differences between the two species. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of all Paralucia species recovered P. crosbyi sp. nov. and P. spinifera as reciprocally monophyletic, with a mean uncorrected ‘p’ pairwise divergence of 0.93%. Paralucia crosbyi sp. nov. appears to be a narrow‐range endemic, restricted to dry montane eucalypt open woodland or woodland between 920 and 1130 m asl, in which the mean annual rainfall varies from 700 to 800 mm and where an abundance of the larval food plant Bursaria spinosa Cav. subsp. lasiophylla (E.M.Benn.) L. Cayzer, Crisp & I. Telford (Pittosporaceae) and colonies of the attendant ant Anonychomyrma sp. (itinerans species group) (Dolichoderinae) are established. The immature stages are described, illustrated and compared with those of P. spinifera and P. aurifera (Blanchard, [1848]). Despite being limited to high altitudes, adults fly in late winter–early spring (late July to early October). The species is univoltine, with much of the year (~9 months) passed in the pupal stage. The ecology, biology and life cycle are discussed, and a likely mode of speciation is hypothesised.
Adults and immatures of Udeus cerradensis Lira, de Medeiros & Grossi, sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a flower visitor of Cecropia Loefl. (Urticaceae) preyed upon by paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Lira Aline O. , de Medeiros Bruno A. S. , Aguiar Daniel P. P. , Grossi Paschoal C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUdeus Champion, 1902 is a weevil genus in the tribe Eugnomini associated with the inflorescences of Cecropia Loefl. (Urticaceae), with 11 valid species distributed in the Neotropics. Species of Udeus are generally rare in collections and their biology is poorly known, despite a high abundance in nature. Here, we describe Udeus cerradensis Lira, de Medeiros & Grossi, sp. nov. from the Brazilian Cerrado, including the first descriptions of larvae and pupae for a Neotropical eugnomine. We assess their role as potential pollinators of their host plant Cecropia saxatilis Snethl. and find that adults do not visit pistillate flowers and therefore are unlikely to be pollinators. This contrasts with previous reports in a different pair of species in Cecropia‐Udeus, suggesting that pollinator agents vary between species in this plant genus. Finally, we provide notes about the predation of larvae of U. cerradensis by social wasps Synoeca surinama (L.) and Protopolybia aff. sedula (Saussure), revealing that, in this instance, an endophytic larva does not prevent predation by a behaviourally flexible predator. This study is the first of a series on the natural history of Udeus and their specialised interactions with host plants.
Carbon dioxide and a warming climate are not problems
Authors: May Andy , Crok Marcel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrior to the mid‐19th century, Earth was in the grip of the Little Ice Age. Since then, temperatures have on average trended upward. At the same time, human emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have increased, and the interest of scientists has turned to consider the extent of the relative contributions of anthropogenic CO2 and natural forces to warming.The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group II (WGII) claims that human‐caused climate change or global warming is dangerous. According to the report, “Human‐induced climate change … has caused widespread adverse impacts and related losses and damages to nature and people, beyond natural climate variability. … The rise in weather and climate extremes has led to some irreversible impacts as natural and human systems are pushed beyond their ability to adapt (high confidence)” (IPCC, 2022a, p. 9).The AR6 WGI and WGII reports measure climate change as the global warming since 1750 or 1850. The period before these dates is commonly referred to as the “pre‐industrial period.” The Little Ice Age, a phrase rarely used in AR6, extends from about 1300 to 1850. It was a very cold and miserable time for humanity, with a lot of well documented extreme weather in the historical record from all over the Northern Hemisphere. It was also a time of frequent famines and pandemics. Arguably today's climate is better than then, not worse.None‐the‐less, the IPCC claims that extreme weather events are worse now than in the past, however observations do not support this. Some extreme weather events, such as the land area under extreme drought (Lomborg, 2020), is decreasing, not increasing. Globally the incidence of hurricanes shows no significant trend (IPCC, 2013, p. 216; Lomborg, 2020).Observations show no increase in damage or any danger to humanity today due to extreme weather or global warming (Crok & May, 2023, pp. 140–161; Scafetta, 2024). Climate change mitigation, according to AR6, means curtailing the use of fossil fuels, even though fossil fuels are still abundant and inexpensive. Since the current climate is arguably better than the pre‐industrial climate and we have observed no increase in extreme weather or climate mortality, we conclude that we can plan to adapt to any future changes. Until a danger is identified, there is no need to eliminate fossil fuel use.
Pyruvate kinase deficiency in 29 Turkish patients with two novel intronic variants
Authors: Gök Veysel , Leblebisatan Göksel , Gürlek Gökçebay Dilek , Güler Salih , Doğan Muhammet Ensar , Tuğ Bozdoğan Sevcan , Koca Yozgat Ayça , Özcan Alper , Pekpak Şahinoğlu Esra , Tokgöz Hüseyin , Çil Metin , Özemri Sağ Şebnem , Yilmaz Ebru , Şaşmaz Hatice İlgen , Evim Melike Sezgin , Akbayram Sinan , Karadoğan Meriban , Mutlu Fatma Türkan , Boğa İbrahim , Yeter Doğan Burcu , Yarali Neşe , Çalişkan Ümran , Bişgin Atil , Temel Şehime Gülsün , Proven Melanie , Gibson Kate , Demir Büşra Şeniz , Saraçoğlu Hatice , Eken Ahmet , Karakükçü Çiğdem , Karakükçü Musa , Güneş Adalet Meral , Özbek Namık Yaşar , Kilinç Yurdanur , Patiroğlu Türkan , Özdemir Mehmet Akif , Roy Noemi B. A. , Ünal Ekrem 
Published: May 2024

SummaryPyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme of anaerobic glycolysis. The genetic heterogeneity of PK deficiency (PKD) is high, and over 400 unique variants have been identified. Twenty‐nine patients who had been diagnosed as PKD genetically in seven distinct paediatric haematology departments were evaluated. Fifteen of 23 patients (65.2%) had low PK levels. The PK:hexokinase ratio had 100% sensitivity for PKD diagnosis, superior to PK enzyme assay. Two novel intronic variants (c.695‐1G>A and c.694+43C>T) have been described. PKD should be suspected in patients with chronic non‐spherocytic haemolytic anaemia, even if enzyme levels are falsely normal. Total PKLR gene sequencing is necessary for the characterization of patients with PKD and for genetic counselling.
The likes that bind: Even novel opinion sharing can induce opinion‐based identification
Authors: O'Reilly Caoimhe , Maher Paul J. , Quayle Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch has found that psychological groups based on opinion congruence are an important group type. Previous research constructed such groups around opinions potentially connected to pre‐existing identities. We strip away the socio‐structural context by using novel opinions to determine whether opinion congruence alone can be a category cue which can foster identification and whether such group identification mediates the relationship between opinion exposure and opinion polarization. We assess this across two pre‐registered online interactive experiments. Study 1 (N = 1168) demonstrate that opinion congruence fostered stronger identity than minimal groups. Study 2 (N = 505) demonstrate that opinion congruence fostered stronger identification than non‐opinion congruence. The relationship between opinion exposure and opinion polarization occurs through group identification in both. Results demonstrate that (novel) opinions can be self‐categorization cues informing identification and influencing opinion polarization.
I am better because of your expectation: Examining how left‐behind status moderates the mediation effect of perceived parental educational expectation on cognitive ability among Chinese rural students
Authors: Zhuang Jia , Ng Jacky C. K. , Wu Qiaobing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundChinese rural students have been documented to have relatively delayed cognitive development. From an ecological system perspective, empirical studies have identified the significant effect of the proximal environment on Chinese rural students' cognitive development. Yet, little do we know the mechanism behind that. More importantly, how the mechanism differs among rural students with different left‐behind characteristics remains obscure.MethodsDrawing longitudinal data from a nationally representative survey, this study examines the interrelations between rural students' parental educational expectation perception, their own educational expectation, and cognitive ability. Two models were examined using path analysis. The first mediation model tests the mediating effect of educational expectation between the association of parental educational expectation perception and cognitive ability, while the second moderated mediation identifies the moderating effect of rural students' left‐behind status on the association between their parental educational expectation perception and educational expectation.ResultsThe first mediation analysis reveals that rural students' perception of parental educational expectation is positively correlated with their educational expectation, which further positively correlated with their cognitive ability. The following moderated mediation analysis suggests that students' left‐behind status significantly moderated the effect of their perceived parental educational expectations on their own educational expectation.ConclusionsChinese rural students' perception of parental educational expectation affects their cognitive ability through their own educational expectations. The number of migrant parents within a family further moderates the indirect effect of education expectation.
Dimensionless index and outcome in patients with aortic valve disease
Authors: Leibowitz David , Zwas Donna , Elbaz‐Greener Gabby , Planer David , Alcalai Ronny , Gotsman Israel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeAssessment of aortic stenosis (AS) is based on aortic valve (AV) gradients and calculation of aortic valve area (AVA). These parameters are influenced by flow and dependent on geometric assumptions. The dimensionless index (DI), the ratio of the LVOT time‐velocity integral to that of the AV jet, is simple to perform, and is less susceptible to error but has only been examined in small selected groups of AS patients. The objective of this study was to assess the DI and prognosis in a large cohort.MethodsAll subjects who underwent echocardiography with an assessment of the AV that included DI were included. Association between AV parameters including mean gradient, AVA, DI and AV resistance and mortality and cardiovascular hospitalizations was examined.ResultsA total of 9393 patients (mean age 71 ± 16 years; 53% male) were included. 731 (7.7%) patients had DI less than .25. Increasing age and a diagnosis of heart failure were significantly associated with lower DI. Subjects with low DI had significantly lower ventricular function, a higher incidence of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, worse diastolic function and more elevated pulmonary pressures. Decreasing DI was associated with significantly decreased survival and event‐free survival which remained highly significant on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsIn a large population of patients with AV disease, decreased DI, was associated with increased mortality and decreased event‐free survival. The easily obtained DI identifies a broad range of AS subjects with worse prognosis and should be integrated into the assessment of these complex patients.
The gendered paradox of individualization in telework: Simultaneously helpful and harmful in the context of parenting
Authors: Clar‐Novak Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study explores the relationship between individualization and gender‐related disparities in teleworking. The research is part of a larger project evaluating a pilot program among administrative personnel at an Austrian university before implementing telework across the organization. It presents three key points about the intersection of teleworking and parental roles. First, telework interlinks with individualization in general, and organizations should play a proactive role in preventing the stress that can arise from such individualization. Challenges through individualization have eased due to the collective experiences in the pandemic‐driven lockdowns. This overarching insight lays the groundwork for understanding the nuanced gender differences explored in the subsequent points. Second, this individualization process is gendered when it comes to parenting. The flexible nature of telework can ease the burden of juggling paid work with other responsibilities. At the same time, organizational telework initiatives can unintentionally reinforce traditional gender roles, placing women as primary caregivers. The findings indicate that when telework is solely a family‐friendly benefit, it leads to a double invisibility of mothers' workload. However, the normalization of hybrid telework as an inner‐organizational right might mitigate gendered hierarchies in the long term. Third, while all interviewed mothers felt responsible for parenting, fathers adopted different subject positions that did not disrupt the organizational normalization of mothers as primary caregivers. It sharpened during the pandemic. The study concludes that adopting hybrid telework models could challenge the prevailing “ideal worker” image and support mothers in advancing their careers. Collective experiences and ideas of flexibility as every employee's right can counteract individualization and gender inequalities.
Limited value of testing for factor XIII and α2‐antiplasmin deficiency in patients with a bleeding disorder of unknown cause
Authors: Ariëns Sander , Huisman Albert , Hovinga Idske C. L. Kremer , Urbanus Rolf T. , van Galen Karin P. M. , van Vulpen Lize F. D. , Fischer Kathelijn , Schutgens Roger E. G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn patients with an increased bleeding tendency, extensive diagnostic blood testing is often performed. When results of tier 1 assays of primary haemostasis are normal, protocols recommend additional testing to rule out rare disorders including coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) and α2‐antiplasmin (α2AP) deficiency.AimTo evaluate the added diagnostic value of FXIII and α2AP levels in patients with a bleeding disorder of unknown cause (BDUC).MethodsA retrospective monocentre cohort study between August 2011 and August 2023 was conducted. In all patients with bleeding tendencies and normal diagnostic tests for von Willebrand disease and platelet function, FXIII and α2AP were measured.ResultsWe included 158 consecutive patients; mean ISTH‐BAT scores were 8.2 (SD ± 3.7) in children, 6.2 (SD ± 2.1) in men and 10.6 (SD ± 3.3) in women. Median age was 37 (range 5–79) years, 88.6% of patients were female. Patients displayed median FXIII activity of 111% (IQR = 97–131) and median α2AP activity of 112% (IQR = 103–119).Three (1.9%) patients had FXIII levels < 50%, respectively 43%, 45% and 46%. Corresponding ISTH‐BAT scores were 7, 12 and 14. No α2AP levels < 60% was observed. No significant association was found between FXIII levels and ISTH‐BAT scores.ConclusionIn our cohort of BDUC patients, no clinical relevant FXIII deficiencies were detected; absolute values were well above the 30% cutoff considered adequate for normal haemostasis. No α2AP deficiencies were detected. These data suggest that in BDUC patients, measuring FXIII or AP activity is of limited value.
Exploring the bioaccessibility of minerals in adult supplements by microwave‐induced plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Rodrigues Andreia R. , Ferreira Andréa C. da Silva , Ávila Dayara Virgínia L. , Souza Sidnei O. , Pessoa Amália Geiza G. , de Lima Ricardo Alexandre C. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe study of the total content of essential minerals in food is important; however, only these values do not provide truly accurate information regarding their nutritional value. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability are key concepts that provide us with more precise information about these values. This study focuses on quantifying calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc in adult supplementation samples, specifically fortified dairy products (FDP) and modified enteral and oral nutrition formulas (EONF) for adults. The samples used in this work were digested using nitric acid and oxygen peroxide to quantify the total contents of Ca, Fe, Mg and Zn. The effectiveness of the acid decomposition procedure was evaluated through an accuracy test using the NIST 1547 certified sample, which exhibited recovery percentages of 97% for Ca, 95% for Fe, 101% for Mg and 90% for Zn. To assess bioaccessibility, extraction procedures were conducted using the in vitro Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET). The bioaccessibility ranges, expressed as percentages, were 14%–62% for Ca, 23%–65% for Fe, 21%–46% for Mg and 33%–64% for Zn. Based on the results, it can be concluded that evaluating bioaccessibility is important for assessing the nutritional content of adult supplementation, as the labelled contents are not always accessible to the body.
Quality improvement of microwave freeze‐dried prepared taro balls: synergistic addition of guar gum and sodium bicarbonate
Authors: Yin Yize , Liu Wenchao , Li Linlin , Cao Weiwei , Chen Junliang , Zhao Linlin , Sun Xiaofei , Duan Xu , Ren Guangyue 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe current work was carried out to enhance the quality (including product colour, rehydration performance, textural properties, product cracking rate and sensory evaluation) of microwave freeze‐dried prepared taro balls, a popular starch‐based food product, by synergistic addition of guar gum and sodium bicarbonate. The results showed that taro balls with added sodium bicarbonate had the shortest freeze‐drying time (153 min), but the high‐cracking rate (66.67%) was not acceptable to consumers. The addition of guar gum could effectively reduce the cracking rate (17.5%) during freeze‐drying of taro balls, but did not significantly improve sensory evaluation and textural properties. The combination of sodium bicarbonate and guar gum demonstrated satisfactory positive effects in increasing the rehydration rate of freeze‐dried taro balls (53.67%), maintaining the whiteness (WI = 84.52) and reducing the cracking rate (21.67%). Although sodium bicarbonate alone produced the best results in terms of sensory ratings and textural properties, there was no significant difference between the effects of sodium bicarbonate alone and the combination of the two food additives on rehydrated taro balls. Therefore, the combination of sodium bicarbonate and guar gum is an appropriate hybrid strategy for producing high quality freeze‐dried taro balls.
“It's really important work…and celebrating that, I think, is really important” – co‐produced qualitative research into future of mental health nurse education
Authors: Pearson Mark , Long Louisa , Baker Charley , Doran Dan , Pringle Alan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe education of mental health nurses has long remained a contentious topic in the UK and internationally. This research seeks to gather the perspectives of those directly affected by mental health nurse education. To investigate what knowledge, skills and values current mental health nursing students, graduate mental health nurses and people with lived experience of accessing mental health services believe should be paramount within pre‐registration education. Data was gathered through focus groups involving a mix of pre‐ and post‐qualified mental health nurses and people with lived experience of accessing mental health services. Data was collected through audio recordings, which were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. The analysis generated four themes of: (i) Values and ethics‐based education, (ii) Self‐awareness, (iii) Understanding and therapeutically being with others and (iv) Specialism versus Genericism. The findings speak to the special nature of mental health nursing and the need for students to develop specialist mental health knowledge and skills, alongside self‐knowledge. The findings provide a unique insight into the aspects of pre‐registration nursing felt to be most valuable by the three participant groups in this study. The findings reiterate the importance nurse education celebrating the specialism of mental health nursing and adds to the growing weight of literature for increased specialism with future education standard reviews.