bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PD-L1 expression in ovarian clear cell carcinoma using the 22C3 pharmDx assay
Authors: Gao Yike , Pan Boju , Jia Hongbao , Zhang Yang , Wang Shu , Wang Yuming , Zhang Sumei , Li Mei , Wang Anqi , Wang Xiaoxi , Zhao Kun , Zhang Zixin , Sun Jian , Guo Dan , Liang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), well known for its chemoresistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, exhibited a good response in clinical trials of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. By assessing PD-L1 expression, we sought to determine the potential therapeutic benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in OCCC.

Methods and results
The retrospective study included 152 individuals with OCCC between 2019 and 2022 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Paired tumors of primary versus recurrent lesions (17 pairs from 15 patients) or primary versus metastatic lesions (11 pairs from 9 patients) were also included. The 22C3 pharmDx assay and whole sections were used for PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining. Pathologists with experience in premarket clinical trials evaluated PD-L1 expression based on various diagnostic criteria (TPS 1%, CPS 1, or CPS 10). The number and percentage of positive PD-L1 cases were 34 (22.4%, TPS ≥ 1%) and 59 (38.8%, CPS ≥ 1), respectively. Thirty-three (21.7%) of the cases had high PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥ 10). Half of the platinum-resistant patients (11/22) were PD-L1 positive (CPS ≥ 1). In addition, positive PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥ 1) was related to clinicopathological characteristics that represented a worse prognosis, such as advanced stages, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (p = 0.032, p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, separately). PD-L1 was expressed equally or more in the recurrent lesion compared with its matched primary lesion.

Conclusions
In conclusion, anti–PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are a promising therapeutic choice for OCCC. For evaluation of PD-L1 expression, CPS is more recommended than TPS. Evaluation of recurrent lesion was still suitable and predictive when the primary tumor tissue was not available. Distant metastatic lesions can serve as alternative samples for PD-L1 evaluation, while usage of lymphatic metastatic lesions is not recommended.
Evaluating the accuracy of a new robotically assisted system in cadaveric total knee arthroplasty procedures
Authors: Yi Jiafeng , Gao Zhisen , Huang Yijian , Liu Yubo , Zhang Yiling , Chai Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been shown to facilitate high-precision bone resection, which is an important goal in TKA. The aim of this cadaveric study was to analyze the accuracy of the target angle and bone resection thickness of a recently introduced robotic TKA system.

Methods
This study used 4 frozen cadaveric specimens (8 knees), 2 different implant designs, navigation, and a robotic system. The 4 surgeons who participated in this study were trained and familiar with the basic principles and operating procedures of this system. The angle of the bone cuts performed using the robotic system was compared with the target angles from the intraoperative plan. For each bone cut, the resection thickness was recorded and compared with the planned resection thickness.

Results
The mean angular difference for all specimens was less than 1°, and the standard deviation was less than 2°. The mean difference between the planned and measured angles was close to 0 and not significantly different from 0 except for the difference in the frontal tibial component angle, which was 0.88°. The mean difference in the hip-knee-ankle axis angle was − 0.21°± 1.06°. The mean bone resection difference for all specimens was less than 1 mm, and the standard deviation was less than 0.5 mm.

Conclusions
The results of the cadaveric experimental study showed that the new TKA system can realize highly accurate bone cuts and achieve planned angles and resection thicknesses. Despite the limitations of small sample sizes and large differences between cadaveric and clinical patients, the accuracy of cadaveric experiments provides strong support for subsequent clinical trials.
Medial cortical bone thickness of the tibial diaphysis in osteoarthritis is related to lower extremity alignment and tibial morphology
Authors: Maeda Keisuke , Mochizuki Tomoharu , Tanifuji Osamu , Katsumi Ryota , Kobayashi Koichi , Kawashima Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to clarify (1) the differences in cortical bone thickness (CBT) of the tibial diaphysis between healthy and osteoarthritic knees and (2) the influences of the femorotibial angle (FTA) and inclination of the medial compartment of the proximal tibia (MCT) on tibial CBT.

Methods
The study assessed 60 subjects with varus knee osteoarthritis (OA) (22 males and 38 females; mean age, 74 ± 7 years) and 53 healthy elderly subjects (28 males and 25 females; mean age, 70 ± 6 years). Three-dimensional estimated CBT of the tibial diaphysis was automatically calculated for 2752–11,296 points using high-resolution measurements from CT. The standardized CBT was assessed in 24 regions by combining six heights and four areas. Additionally, the association between the CBT, each FTA, and MCT inclination was investigated.

Results
The OA group showed a thicker CBT in the medial areas than in the lateral areas of the proximal tibia, while the healthy group had a thicker lateral CBT. The medial-to-lateral ratio of the proximal tibia was significantly higher in the OA group than in the healthy group. The proximal-medial CBT correlated with FTA and MCT inclinations in the OA group.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that varus osteoarthritic knees showed a different trend of proximal-medial CBT with associations in FTA and MCT inclination from healthy knees, possibly due to medial load concentration.
Chemogenetic activation of histamine neurons promotes retrieval of apparently lost memories
Authors: Yokoi Yuto , Kubo Ayame , Nishimura Kyoka , Takamura Yuki , Morishita Yoshikazu , Minami Masabumi , Nomura Hiroshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMemory retrieval can become difficult over time, but it is important to note that memories that appear to be forgotten might still be stored in the brain, as shown by their occasional spontaneous retrieval. Histamine in the central nervous system is a promising target for facilitating the recovery of memory retrieval. Our previous study demonstrated that histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonists/antagonists, activating histamine synthesis and release, enhance activity in the perirhinal cortex and help in retrieving forgotten long-term object recognition memories. However, it is unclear whether enhancing histaminergic activity alone is enough for the recovery of memory retrieval, considering that H3Rs are also located in other neuron types and affect the release of multiple neurotransmitters. In this study, we employed a chemogenetic method to determine whether specifically activating histamine neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus facilitates memory retrieval. In the novel object recognition test, control mice did not show a preference for objects based on memory 1 week after training, but chemogenetic activation of histamine neurons before testing improved memory retrieval. This selective activation did not affect the locomotor activity or anxiety-related behavior. Administering an H2R antagonist directly into the perirhinal cortex inhibited the recovery of memory retrieval induced by the activation of histamine neurons. Furthermore, we utilized the Barnes maze test to investigate whether chemogenetic activation of histamine neurons influences the retrieval of forgotten spatial memories. Control mice explored all the holes in the maze equally 1 week after training, whereas mice with chemogenetically activated histamine neurons spent more time around the target hole. These findings indicate that chemogenetic activation of histamine neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus can promote retrieval of seemingly forgotten object recognition and spatial memories.
A pilot study of mitochondrial genomic ancestry in admixed Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ferreira Lívia Leite , Gonçalves Anna Beatriz Rodrigues , Adiala Igor Josué Barbosa , Loiola Silvia , Dias Alessandra , Azulay Rossana Sousa , Silva Dayse Aparecida , Gomes Marília Brito 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInteractions between multiple genes and environmental factors could be related to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Brazilian population results from different historical miscegenation events, resulting in a highly diverse genetic pool. This study aimed to analyze the mtDNA of patients with T1D and to investigate whether there is a relationship between maternal ancestry, self-reported color and the presence of T1D. The mtDNA control region of 204 patients with T1D residing in three geographic regions of Brazil was sequenced following the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) recommendations. We obtained a frequency of Native American matrilineal origin (43.6%), African origin (38.2%), and European origin (18.1%). For self-declared color, 42.6% of the patients with diabetes reported that they were White, 50.9% were Brown, and 5.4% were Black. Finally, when we compared the self-declaration data with maternal ancestral origin, we found that for the self-declared White group, there was a greater percentage of haplogroups of Native American origin (50.6%); for the self-declared Black group, there was a greater percentage of African haplogroups (90.9%); and for the Brown group, there was a similar percentage of Native American and African haplogroups (42.3% and 45.2%, respectively). The Brazilian population with diabetic has a maternal heritage of more than 80% Native American and African origin, corroborating the country’s colonization history.
DNA methylation in peripheral blood is associated with renal aging and renal function decline: a national community study
Authors: Yang Po-Lung , Lai Tai-Shuan , Chou Yu-Hsiang , Lai Liang-Chuan , Lin Shuei-Liong , Chen Yung-Ming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Older patients are at risk for acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Age-related increases in DNA methylation at CpG islands have been linked to aging-related diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease, but the exact causal relationship between methylation in renal aging and other kidney diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the methylation status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the Asian population. Using human whole blood DNA methylation analysis from the Taiwan Biobank, we included participants with both whole blood genome-wide methylation data and follow-up data on serum creatinine. We investigated hyper- and hypomethylated genes in comparison of participants with higher and lower estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) decline rate in overall cohort as well as in comparison of old and young participants in subgroup of participants with higher eGFR decline rate. Common genes and signaling pathways in both comparative analyses were identified.

Results
Among 1587 participants in the analysis, 187 participants had higher eGFR decline rate. According to the comparison of methylation in participants with different eGFR declines and at different ages, respectively, we identified common hypermethylated genes, including DNMT3A and GGACT, as well as hypomethylated genes such as ARL6IP5, CYB5D1, BCL6, RPRD2, ZNF451, and MIAT in both participants with higher eGFR decline and those of older age. We observed associations between the methylation status of signaling pathways and aging as well as renal function decline. These pathways notably included autophagy, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, and sirtuins, which were associated with autophagy process and cytokine production.

Conclusions
Through methylation analysis of PBMCs, we identified genes and signaling pathways which could play crucial roles in the interplay of renal aging and renal function decline. These findings contribute to the development of novel biomarkers for identifying at-risk groups and even for therapeutic agent discovery.
ChirpPair: packet acquisition in uncoordinated access channels of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks
Authors: Zhang Zhenghao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks provide global data service coverage and has become increasingly popular. Uncoordinated access channels reduce data latency in LEO networks by allowing user terminals to transmit data packets at random times to the satellite without any coordination overhead. In this paper, packet acquisition in uncoordinated access channels of LEO networks is studied and a novel solution, called ChirpPair, is proposed, with which the satellite can detect the packets as well as estimating key parameters of the packets for data demodulation. With ChirpPair, the packet preamble consists of a chirp and its conjugate, where a chirp is a complex vector with constant magnitude and linearly increasing frequency. ChirpPair adopts a multi-stage process that gradually increases the estimation accuracy of the parameters without incurring high computation complexity. ChirpPair has been demonstrated in real-world experiments with over-the-air transmissions. ChirpPair has also been evaluated by simulations with the 3GPP New Radio (NR) Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) channel model and the results show that ChirpPair achieves high accuracy despite its low computation complexity.
Examining customer intentions to purchase intelligent robotic products and services in Taiwan using the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Tai Yu-Hung , Nwachukwu Precious Toby T. , LePage Ben A. , Fang Wei-Ta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The literature for assessing online and offline shopping behaviours that are linked to intelligent robotic goods and services is inadequate. In this study, we applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour model for guidance regarding how consumer behaviour affects their purchase intentions for intelligent robotic goods and services.

Methods
Data from 408 respondents were gathered through an online questionnaire binned into Online and Overall Shoppers, and analysed using SPSS, AMOS, and Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modelling software to evaluate the appropriateness of the measurements and to confirm data reliability, convergence, divergence, and validity. These tools were also used to track and test hypothesized relationships between the variables and model constructs used in this study.

Results and conclusions
The overarching outcomes from the data analyses indicated the Ease of Usage, Brand Perception, and Product Pricing variables causally impacted the TPB model constructs, namely Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behaviour Control for the two populations tested with respect to their intention to purchase intelligent robotic goods and services. The reliability measurements for Ease of Usage, Brand Perception, and Product Pricing are discussed. The results are important for companies and future investors because opportunities to study the complex relationships that ultimately drive consumer behaviour and their intention to purchase intelligent robotic goods and services are provided.
Advanced RIME architecture for global optimization and feature selection
Authors: Abu Khurma Ruba , Braik Malik , Alzaqebah Abdullah , Gopal Dhal Krishna , Damaševičius Robertas , Abu-Salih Bilal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe article introduces an innovative approach to global optimization and feature selection (FS) using the RIME algorithm, inspired by RIME-ice formation. The RIME algorithm employs a soft-RIME search strategy and a hard-RIME puncture mechanism, along with an improved positive greedy selection mechanism, to resist getting trapped in local optima and enhance its overall search capabilities. The article also introduces Binary modified RIME (mRIME), a binary adaptation of the RIME algorithm to address the unique challenges posed by FS problems, which typically involve binary search spaces. Four different types of transfer functions (TFs) were selected for FS issues, and their efficacy was investigated for global optimization using CEC2011 and CEC2017 and FS tasks related to disease diagnosis. The results of the proposed mRIME were tested on ten reliable optimization algorithms. The advanced RIME architecture demonstrated superior performance in global optimization and FS tasks, providing an effective solution to complex optimization problems in various domains.
Engaging a community to focus on upper limb function in people with multiple sclerosis: the ThinkHand campaign case study
Authors: Thomson Alison , Horne Rachel , Chapman Christine , Bharadia Trishna , Burke Patrick , Colwell Elizabeth , Harrington Mark , Boskovic Bonnie , Stennett Andrea , Baker David , Giovannoni Gavin , Schmierer Klaus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground: Solving complex research challenges requires innovative thinking and alternative approaches to traditional methods. One such example is the problem of arm and hand, or upper limb function in multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurological condition affecting approximately 2.9 million people worldwide and more than 150,000 in the United Kingdom. Historically, clinical trials and research have focused on mobility and walking ability. This excludes a large number of patients who are wheelchair users, limiting their quality of life and restricting access to possibly helpful medications. To address this issue, the ThinkHand campaign was launched in 2016, aiming to raise awareness about the importance of upper limb function in MS and develop alternative ways to measure, record, and account for hand and arm function changes.Main body: The campaign utilised innovative strategies at scientific conferences and online surveys to engage people affected by MS, healthcare professionals, charities, and researchers in discussing the importance of preserving upper limb function. Through co-design and interdisciplinary collaboration, the campaign developed new tools like the low-cost cardboard version of the Nine-Hole Peg Test, facilitating remote monitoring of hand function. Additionally, the campaign co-created the “Under & Over” rehabilitation tool, allowing individuals with advanced MS to participate in a remote rehabilitation program.The impact of the ThinkHand campaign has been significant, helping to shift the focus of both academic and industry-supported trials, including the O’HAND and ChariotMS trials, both using upper limb function as their primary end point. The campaign’s patient-centred approach highlighted the importance of recognising patients’ perspectives in research and challenged established assumptions and practices. It demonstrated the effectiveness of interdisciplinary collaboration, systems thinking, and co-creation with stakeholders in tackling complex problems.Conclusion: The ThinkHand campaign provides valuable insights for health research practices. By involving patients at all stages, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the impact of disease on their lives, identify gaps and focus research on their needs. Experimentation and iteration can lead to innovative solutions, and openness to unconventional methods can drive widespread change. The ThinkHand campaign exemplifies the potential of patient-centred approaches to address complex research challenges and revolutionise the field of MS research and management. Embracing such approaches will contribute to more inclusive and impactful research in the future.
Navigating the crossroads: cardiometabolic risks in cancer survivorship – a comprehensive review
Authors: Albulushi Arif , Balushi Aisha Al , Shahzad Muhhamed , Bulushi Ismail Al , Lawati Hatim Al 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe landscape of cancer survivorship is increasingly populated by individuals facing a spectrum of cardiometabolic risks, attributed to both their oncological history and treatment regimens. This manuscript synthesizes findings from various studies, highlighting the prevalence of traditional risk factors—hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes—as well as emergent concerns like obesity and metabolic syndrome among survivors. The impact of demographic variables, specific cancer types, and treatment modalities on cardiometabolic health is explored. Through a lens of multidisciplinary management and future research directives, we advocate for an integrative approach to cardiometabolic health in cancer survivors, aiming to ensure their victory over cancer extends into long-term well-being.
Graphical Abstract
Associations between body composition and intradialytic hypotension (IDH), and between IDH and prognosis, in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Mizuiri Sonoo , Nishizawa Yoshiko , Doi Toshiki , Okubo Aiko , Morii Kenichi , Yamashita Kazuomi , Suga Yukari , Usui Koji , Shigemoto Kenichiro , Masaki Takao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies describing relationships among body compositions, intradialytic hypotension (IDH), and mortality yielded inconsistent results. We studied associations between body composition and IDH, and between IDH and prognosis, in patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods
Participants were patients on maintenance HD and predilution online hemodiafiltration (HDF) (n = 303). IDH was defined as nadir systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mmHg for ≥ 2 of 10 dialysis sessions during the exposure period (days 1–22). Clinical data at day 1 and post-dialysis body compositions using bioelectrical impedance analysis conducted once during the exposure period were collected. Differences between the IDH and non-IDH groups were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier survival curves of the IDH and non-IDH groups, logistic regression analyses of IDH, and Cox proportional hazard analyses of all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in all participants were also performed.

Results
In all participants, the median (median [interquartile range]) age was 67 [56–74] years, median dialysis duration was 76 [37–145] months, and diabetes prevalence was 42.6% (129/303). Compared with the non-IDH group (n = 274), the IDH group (n = 29) had a lower mean pre-dialysis SBP during the exposure period, longer dialysis duration, lower serum albumin levels, and higher median fat tissue index (10.7 [8.6–14.9] versus 9.5 [6.8–11.9] kg/m2, P < 0.05). The IDH group had lower 3-year survival for all-cause and CV mortality (P < 0.05). When adjusted for mean pre-dialysis SBP, mean ultrafiltration volume during the exposure period, HDF, dialysis duration, and serum albumin, fat tissue index, and lean tissue index were associated with IDH (P < 0.05), but body mass index and overhydration/extracellular water were not. After additional adjustments for age, sex, and diabetes mellitus, only fat tissue index was a significant predictor for IDH [odds ratio: 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.02–1.25), P < 0.05]. IDH was also a significant predictor of 3-year all-cause and CV mortality (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Increased fat tissue index was a significant risk factor for IDH in HD and HDF patients. Furthermore, IDH was a significant predictor of 3-year all-cause and CV mortality in HD and HDF patients.