bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transplantation of Pre‐Differentiated 3D Neural Spheroids in Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Microgels Promotes Neuronal Network Reconstruction and Functional Recovery after Severe Spinal Cord Contusion
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Rao Zilong , Zuo Huiying , Chu Hanyu , Chen Jiaxin , Cui Rui , Zhu Shengwen , Guo Xiaodong , Hu Yong , Quan Daping , Bai Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes massive death of neurons in the spinal cords and almost complete neurological dysfunctions. Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) is acknowledged as one of the viable SCI treatments for complementing lost neurons and neural network reconstruction. However, administration of NSPCs suffers from extremely low survival rate and uncontrolled differentiation of the transplanted cells, which impairs the therapeutic effects significantly. Herein, NSPCs are encapsulated in decellularized spinal cord matrix (DSCM) microgels using a customized microfluidic system, then the obtained NSPCs‐encapsulated DSCM microgels (NSPC@DSCM‐MGs) are subjected to neuronal differentiation induction. Consequently, the resulting pre‐mature 3D neural spheroids are injected into severely contused spinal cords in rats. The DSCM microgels effectively protected the transplanted cells from shear damage and the inflammatory microenvironment at the lesion site. The survival and accommodation of the pre‐differentiated NSPC@DSCM‐MGs actively contributed to axonal regeneration, inhibiting glial scar formation, as well as remodeling the microenvironment that facilitated endogenous cell recruitment and neuronal network reconstruction. Consequentially, administration of the neural spheroids led to maintenance of spinal cord integrity, and significantly improved hindlimb locomotor function. This biomaterial‐based transplantation strategy has shown unique assets in cell protection and cell‐fate manipulation, which holds great promise in versatile biomedical applications.
Internal Electric Field‐Induced High‐Efficiency Piezo‐Photocatalytic Performance in Bimetal‐Regulated Layered Perovskite SrBi2Nb2O9
Authors: Guo Rongshuo , Zhang Xinyi , Chen Yinxiang , Zhang Ye 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe piezoelectric effect is employed to enhance the photocatalytic process by enabling the efficient utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes. In this study, a defect‐engineered Na–Sm bimetal‐regulated layered ferroelectric material, SrBi2Nb2O9, is synthesized using a molten salt process, and exhibits excellent piezo‐photocatalytic performance in the synergistic removal of uranium [U(VI)] and tetracycline (TC) from wastewater. The incorporation of the Sm dopant creates an intermediate band structure, while the Na doping introduces empty orbitals into the conduction band, thereby enhancing the electrical conductivity, improving the electron mobility, and supplying sufficient electrons to promote catalytic reactions. Moreover, the doping induces an additional internal electric field, which combines the embedded field along the b‐axis with the polarization along the a‐axis. This combined effect enhances the anisotropic migration of photogenerated electrons and holes, facilitating their spatial separation. The doped SrBi2Nb2O9 can simultaneously remove 98% of U(VI) and degrade 99% of TC. Furthermore, a synergistic enhancement effect is observed between the U(VI) reduction and TC oxidation reactions, with the rate constant of U(VI) being 1.2 times higher than that of the individual system. This work presents an innovative strategy for designing layered ferroelectric catalysts able to simultaneously remove pollutants and optimize piezo‐photocatalytic redox reactions.
Polymerized Salicylic Acid Microparticles Reduce the Progression and Formation of Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET)s
Authors: Brannon Emma R. , Piegols Logan D. , Cady Gillian , Kupor Daniel , Chu Xueqi , Guevara M. Valentina , Lima Mariana R.N. , Kanthi Yogendra , Pinsky David J. , Uhrich Kathryn E. , Eniola‐Adefeso Omolola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeutrophils can contribute to inflammatory disease propagation via innate mechanisms intended for inflammation resolution. For example, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are necessary for trapping pathogens but can contribute to clot formation and blood flow restriction, that is, ischemia. Currently, no therapeutics in the clinic directly target NETs despite the known involvement of NETs contributing to mortality and increased disease severity. Vascular‐deployed particle‐based therapeutics are a novel and robust alternative to traditional small‐molecule drugs by enhancing drug delivery to cells of interest. This work designs a high‐throughput assay to investigate the immunomodulatory behavior and functionality of salicylic acid‐based polymer‐based particle therapeutics against NETosis in human neutrophils. Briefly, this work finds that polymeric composition plays a role, and particle size can also influence rates of NETosis. Salicylate‐based polymeric (Poly‐SA) particles are found to functionally inhibit NETosis depending on the particle size and concentration exposed to neutrophils. This work demonstrates the high throughput method can help fast‐track particle‐based therapeutic optimization and design, more efficiently preparing this innovative therapeutics for the clinic.
Defect‐Free Nanowelding of Bilayer SnSe Nanoplates
Authors: Ji Jing‐Rong , Villanova John W. , Barraza‐Lopez Salvador , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Chang Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNanowelding is a bottom‐up technique to create custom‐designed nanostructures and devices beyond the precision of lithographic methods. Here, a new technique is reported based on anisotropic lubricity at the van der Waals interface between monolayer and bilayer SnSe nanoplates and a graphene substrate to achieve precise control of the crystal orientation and the interface during the welding process. As‐grown SnSe monolayer and bilayer nanoplates are commensurate with graphene's armchair direction but lack commensuration along graphene's zigzag direction, resulting in a reduced friction along that direction and a rail‐like, 1D movement that permits joining nanoplates with high precision. This way, molecular beam epitaxially grown SnSe nanoplates of lateral sizes 30–100 nm are manipulated by the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope at room temperature. In situ annealing is applied afterward to weld contacting nanoplates without atomic defects at the interface. This technique can be generalized to any van der Waals interfaces with anisotropic lubricity and is highly promising for the construction of complex quantum devices, such as field effect transistors, quantum interference devices, lateral tunneling junctions, and solid‐state qubits.
Digital Light 3D Printing of Double Thermoplastics with Customizable Mechanical Properties and Versatile Reprocessability
Authors: Zhu Guangda , von Coelln Nadine , Hou Yi , Vazquez‐Martel Clara , Spiegel Christoph A. , Tegeder Petra , Blasco Eva 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDigital light processing (DLP) is a 3D printing technology offering high resolution and speed. Printable materials are commonly based on multifunctional monomers, resulting in the formation of thermosets that usually cannot be reprocessed or recycled. Some efforts are made in DLP 3D printing of thermoplastic materials. However, these materials exhibit limited and poor mechanical properties. Here, a new strategy is presented for DLP 3D printing of thermoplastics based on a sequential construction of two linear polymers with contrasting (stiff and flexible) mechanical properties. The inks consist of two vinyl monomers, which lead to the stiff linear polymer, and α‐lipoic acid, which forms the flexible linear polymer via thermal ring‐opening polymerization in a second step. By varying the ratio of stiff and flexible linear polymers, the mechanical properties can be tuned with Young's modulus ranging from 1.1 GPa to 0.7 MPa, while the strain at break increased from 4% to 574%. Furthermore, these printed thermoplastics allow for a variety of reprocessability pathways including self‐healing, solvent casting, reprinting, and closed‐loop recycling of the flexible polymer, contributing to the development of a sustainable materials economy. Last, the potential of the new material in applications ranging from soft robotics to electronics is demonstrated.
Deciphering the Lithium‐Ion Conduction Mechanism of LiH in Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Sun Jinran , Yan Jitong , Li Fan , Li Jiedong , Ma Jun , Xu Gaojie , Han Pengxian , Hou Guangjin , Tang Yongfu , Dong Shanmu , Huang Jianyu , Cui Guanglei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLithium hydride (LiH) has been widely recognized as the critical component of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) in Li batteries. Although the formation mechanism and structural model of LiH in SEI have been extensively reported, the role in electro‐performance of LiH in SEI is still ambiguous and has proven challenging to explored due to the complicated structure SEI and the lack of advanced in situ experimental technology. In this study, the isotopic exchange experiments combined with isotopic tracer experiments is applied to solidly illustrate the superior conductivity and Li+ conduction behavior of the LiH in natural SEI. Importantly, in situ transmission electron microscopy analysis is utilized to visualize the self‐electrochemical decomposition of LiH, which is significantly distinctive from LiF and Li2O. The critical experimental evidence discovered by the work demonstrates ion transport behaviors of key components in the SEI, which is imperative for designing novel SEI and augurs a new area in optimizing the performance of lithium batteries.
High‐Entropy Engineering Reinforced Surface Electronic States and Structural Defects of Hierarchical Metal Oxides@Graphene Fibers toward High‐Performance Wearable Supercapacitors
Authors: Hu Haowei , Yang Chao , Chen Fangyuan , Li Jiahui , Jia Xiaoli , Wang Yuting , Zhu Xiaolin , Man Zengming , Wu Guan , Chen Wenxing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConstruction advanced fibers with high Faradic activity and conductivity are effective to realize high energy density with sufficient redox reactions for fiber‐based electrochemical supercapacitors (FESCs), yet it is generally at the sacrifice of kinetics and structural stability. Here, a high‐entropy doping strategy is proposed to develop high‐energy‐density FESCs based on high‐entropy doped metal oxide@graphene fiber composite (HE‐MO@GF). Due to the synergistic participation of multi‐metal elements via high‐entropy doping, the HE‐MO@GF features abundant oxygen vacancies from introducing various low‐valence metal ions, lattice distortions, and optimized electronic structure. Consequently, the HE‐MO@GF maintains sufficient active sites, a low diffusion barrier, fast adsorption kinetics, improved electronic conductivity, enhanced structural stability, and Faradaic reversibility. Thereinto, HE‐MO@GF presents ultra‐large areal capacitance (3673.74 mF cm−2) and excellent rate performance (1446.78 mF cm−2 at 30 mA cm−2) in 6 M KOH electrolyte. The HE‐MO@GF‐based solid‐state FESCs also deliver high energy density (132.85 µWh cm−2), good cycle performance (81.05% of capacity retention after 10,000 cycles), and robust tolerance to sweat erosion and multiple washing, which is woven into the textile to power various wearable devices (e.g., watch, badge and luminous glasses). This high‐entropy strategy provides significant guidance for designing innovative fiber materials and highlights the development of next‐generation wearable energy devices.
20.2% Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics Employing a π‐Extension Quinoxaline‐Based Acceptor with Ordered Arrangement
Authors: Chen Zhenyu , Ge Jinfeng , Song Wei , Tong Xinyu , Liu Hui , Yu Xueliang , Li Jing , Shi Jingyu , Xie Lin , Han Chengcheng , Liu Quan , Ge Ziyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic solar cells, as a cutting‐edge sustainable renewable energy technology, possess a myriad of potential applications, while the bottleneck problem of less than 20% efficiency limits the further development. Simultaneously achieving an ordered molecular arrangement, appropriate crystalline domain size, and reduced nonradiative recombination poses a significant challenge and is pivotal for overcoming efficiency limitations. This study employs a dual strategy involving the development of a novel acceptor and ternary blending to address this challenge. A novel non‐fullerene acceptor, SMA, characterized by a highly ordered arrangement and high lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level, is synthesized. By incorporating SMA as a guest acceptor in the PM6:BTP‐eC9 system, it is observed that SMA staggered the liquid‐solid transition of donor and acceptor, facilitating acceptor crystallization and ordering while maintaining a suitable domain size. Furthermore, SMA optimized the vertical morphology and reduced bimolecular recombination. As a result, the ternary device achieved a champion efficiency of 20.22%, accompanied by increased voltage, short‐circuit current density, and fill factor. Notably, a stabilized efficiency of 18.42% is attained for flexible devices. This study underscores the significant potential of a synergistic approach integrating acceptor material innovation and ternary blending techniques for optimizing bulk heterojunction morphology and photovoltaic performance.
A Microphysiological System with an Anaerobic Air‐Liquid Interface and Functional Mucus Layer for Coculture of Intestinal Bacteria and Primary Human Colonic Epithelium
Authors: Kim Raehyun , Allbritton Nancy L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoculture of intestinal bacteria with primary human intestinal epithelium provides a valuable tool for investigating host‐colon bacterial interactions and for testing and screening therapeutics. However, most current intestinal model systems lack key physiological features of the in vivo colon, such as both a proper oxygen microenvironment and a mucus layer. In this work, a new in vitro colonic microphysiological system is demonstrated with a cell‐derived, functional mucus that closely resembles the in vivo colonic mucosa and apical microenvironment by employing an anaerobic air‐liquid interface culture. The human primary colon epithelial cells in this new in vitro system exhibit high cell viability (>98%) with ≈100 µm thick functional mucus layer on average. Successful coculture of model anaerobic gut bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Anaerobutyricum hallii without loss in human cell viability demonstrates that this new model can be an invaluable tool for future studies of the impact of commensal and pathogenic bacteria on the colon.
Durable Metallization of Resin Surfaces via Sacrificial Nanotransfer Lithography
Authors: Llumiquinga Bryan , You Iris , Eidle Luke , Green‐Warren Robert A. , Saro‐Cortes Valeria , Edralin Joseph P. , Rodriguez Luis Rafael Miranda , Pelegri Assimina A. , Singer Jonathan P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBy combining sacrificial nanoimprint lithography (SNIL) and transfer printing, sacrificial nanotransfer (SNT) lithography can create metalized polymer surfaces that enable lightweight conductive surface composites. SNT begins with a metal mold made from a high surface finish metal possessing high resistance to intermetallic alloying. A thin metallic transfer layer is then electroplated onto the mold by selecting a material unlikely to alloy with the surface. The selected nanomaterial, zinc oxide (ZnO), is grown on the top layer of the plated metallic transfer layer via a seedless hydrothermal approach used to synthesize high‐quality ZnO nanowire arrays. A resin material or laminate is cured in contact with the ZnO nanostructures, such that the ZnO nanorods are embedded onto the top layer of the resin. The embedded nanomaterials provide a larger surface area than the weak transfer layer‐mold interface. As a result, when the final component is removed from the mold, the metallic multilayer is transferred with it. The final metalized polymeric surface resembles the same surface finish as the starting mold, with an exposed metal layer and a durable interface. In this study, the importance of nanomaterial morphology and the selection of metal layers are explored to obtain high‐quality final transfers.
Three‐Component Allylic Alkylation Reaction of α‐Diazo Ketones with Water and Allyl Carbonates for Construction of Homoallylic Alcohols
Authors: Yin Liping , Zhang Xinyi , Wang Baofan , He Mingjin , Li Yi , Wang Shaozhen , Jing Tongfei , Kang Zhenghui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA three‐component allylic alkylation reaction of α‐diazo ketones, water and allyl carbonate under the cooperative catalysis of Rh2(OAc)4, Pd2(dba)3 and Brønsted acid was disclosed. This method provides an expeditious access to α‐keto homoallylic alcohols in good to high yields. Controlled experiments support that the transformations proceed through cross‐interception of two active intermediates Pd‐allyl species and enol intermediates derived from oxonium ylides. Moreover, synthetic transformations of the generated products enable the creation of motifs enriched with dense functional groups, underscoring their potential as valuable building blocks.
Visible‐Light Induced Ag‐Palladacycle‐Complex‐Mediated Regioselective C−H Arylation
Authors: Bhawale Rajesh T. , Chillal Abhinay S. , Ghosh Soumen , Kshirsagar Umesh A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced, external photocatalyst‐free, site‐selective C−H arylation of 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones and various 2‐aryl heteroarenes has been developed to provide ortho arylated products 41–95% yield at room temperature. A mechanistic study using control experiments, UV‐visible study, DFT study, and observation of colored aggregates suggest that in situ generated Ag‐palladacycle complex of 2‐aryl heteroarenes is responsible for absorbing the visible light and generating aryl radicals from aryldiazonium salts. Further, this methodology demonstrates its versatility by transforming various 2‐aryl heteroarenes, including 2‐phenylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one, 3‐phenylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one, 2‐phenylpyridines, pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines, 2‐phenylquinolines, 2‐phenylisoquinolines, and 2‐phenylbenzo[d]thiazoles, into their respective regio‐selective C−H arylated products under mild reaction conditions.
Microconfined Assembly of High‐Resolution and Mechanically Robust EGaIn Liquid Metal Stretchable Electrodes for Wearable Electronic Systems
Authors: Ma Jingxuan , Sa Zicheng , Zhang He , Feng Jiayun , Wen Jiayue , Wang Shang , Tian Yanhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStretchable electrodes based on liquid metals (LM) are widely used in human‐machine interfacing, wearable bioelectronics, and other emerging technologies. However, realizing the high‐precision patterning and mechanical stability remains challenging due to the poor wettability of LM. Herein, a method is reported to fabricate LM‐based multilayer solid–liquid electrodes (m‐SLE) utilizing electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printed confinement template. In these electrodes, LM self‐assembled onto these high‐resolution templates, assisted by selective wetting on the electrodeposited Cu layer. This study shows that a m‐SLE composed of PDMS/Ag/Cu/EGaIn exhibits line width of ≈20 µm, stretchability of ≈100%, mechanical stability ≈10 000 times (stretch/relaxation cycles), and recyclability. The multi‐layer structure of m‐SLE enables the adjustability of strain sensing, in which the strain‐sensitive Ag part can be used for non‐distributed detection in human health monitoring and the strain‐insensitive EGaIn part can be used as interconnects. In addition, this study demonstrates that near field communication (NFC) devices and multilayer displays integrated by m‐SLEs exhibit stable wireless signal transmission capability and stretchability, suggesting its applicability in creating highly‐integrated, large‐scale commercial, and recyclable wearable electronics.
Bioprotective Respirator Assembled by Defective Carbon Nitride for Long‐Term Light Triggered Health Protection
Authors: Zeng Zhenxing , Zhang Qi , Ye Fei , Dang Xueming , Jiang Xin , Lv Guochun , Wang Xiaojing , Peng Hong , Fang Dexin , Xiao Hong , Zhang Yanzong , Wu Ganxue , Mao Jie , Ahmad Munir , Deng Shihuai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWearing face masks is the best way to stop the spread of respiratory infections. However, if masks are not sterilized, changing them too frequently can actually increase the risk of cross‐contamination. Herein, the construction of an antipathogen photocatalytic mask with carbon vacancy‐modified carbon nitride nanosheets (g‐C3N4‐VC Ns) coated on the non‐woven fabrics of the out layer of the mask, offering effective and long‐term protection against damaging pathogens when exposed to light is reported. The introduced carbon vacancies are found capable of creating energy‐disordered sites and inducing energetic electric force to overcome the Coulomb interactions between electron‐hole pairs, thus promoting the electron‐hole separation to achieve a high generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thanks to its high activity in generating ROS upon exposure to light, the as‐prepared photocatalytic mask shows high pathogen sterilization performance. This, in turn, prolongs the mask's protective lifetime, decreases the need for regular replacement, and decreases medical waste production. The work demonstrated here opens new viewpoints in designing pathogens biocidal protective devices for health protection, offering significant promise in specific environment self‐protection.
A Dual‐Polarization Programmable Metasurface for Green and Secure Wireless Communication
Authors: Wang Zheng Xing , Wu Jun Wei , Xu Hui , Dai Jun Yan , Liu Shuo , Cheng Qiang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDual‐polarization programmable metasurfaces can flexibly manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves while providing approximately twice the information capacity. Therefore, they hold significant applications in next‐generation communication systems. However, there are three challenges associated with the existing dual‐polarization programmable metasurfaces. This article aims to propose a novel design to address them. First, the design overcomes the challenge of element‐ and polarization‐independent controls, enabling more powerful manipulations of EM waves. Second, by using more energy‐efficient tunable components and reducing their number, the design can be nearly passive (maximum power consumption of 27.7 mW), leading to a significant decrease in the cost and power consumption of the system (at least two orders of magnitude lower than the power consumption of conventional programmable metasurfaces). Third, the design can operate in a broad bandwidth, which is attractive for practical engineering applications. Both the element and array of the metasurface are meticulously designed, and their performance has been carefully studied. The experiments demonstrate that 2D wide‐angle beam scanning can be realized. Moreover, secure communication based on directional information modulation can be implemented by exploiting the metasurface and an efficient discrete optimization algorithm, showing its programmable, multiplexing, broadband, green, and secure features.