bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counter-Mapping: A Morphology of Oscillating Margins in the Norwegian Sea
Authors: Couling Nancy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The border is a device to articulate differences. It is increasingly mobilised as a spatial tool to define structures of territorial power, both on land and at sea. Rather than a linear border, however, difference in the ocean mostly occurs across well-defined three-dimensional volumes. Water masses are spatially defined by temperature and salinity gradients across oscillating margins. Either narrow or broad, these margins are relatively constant, and can be measured and drawn according to oceanographic parameters. This chapter examines ways of thinking through borders and ocean governance in Norskehavet (the Norwegian Sea). It contrasts the layering of anthropogenic bordering practices across the sea’s currents, depths, and water masses, driven by oceanographic principles. Based on a more-than-human perspective, explorations carried out by architecture students propose a loose framework of three zones that closely follow the Norwegian Sea’s inherent spatial organisation. Applying a morphology of oscillating margins would mean to align human activities more closely to the ocean’s inherent spatial categories and temporal rhythms. Within these categories, two speculative projects exemplify more radical forms of counter-mapping that tackle the critical issues of salmon aquaculture and deep-sea mining, thereby submerging the observer and exposing the limitations to inherited conceptualisations of ocean borders.
Approximation Results via Power Series Method for Sequences of Monotone and Sublinear Operators
Authors: Demirci Kamil , Dirik Fadime , Yıldız Sevda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we use the power series methods to study Korovkin-type approximation theorems for sequences of operators that are monotone and sublinear. It is important to point out that any positive linear operator is monotone sublinear but the converse is not true. We also calculate the rate of convergence in terms of modulus of continuity. Finally, we provide some examples that satisfy our theorems and give quantitative estimates. We also define Bernstein-Chlodovsky-Kantorovich-Choquet (BCKC) polynomial operators similar to those given before and obtain approximation estimate.
Investigating the effect of process parameters on surface roughness of AISI M2 steel in EDM using deep learning neural networks
Authors: Abbas Jabbar k. , Aghdeab Shukry H. , Al-Habaibeh Amin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a unique and novel empirical study of electrical discharge machining (EDM) supported by artificial intelligence and statistical analysis. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a general non-traditional machining process for machining geometrically complicated parts or hard materials that are very difficult to machine by traditional machining operations. EDM creates the material removal process by using electric spark erosion. This paper experimentally investigates the process parameters of EDM on high-speed steel AISI M2 as a workpiece material with copper and brass as the electrodes. The effect of various process parameters on machining performance is investigated in this study using AI and statistical analysis where current, pulse on time and pulse off time are used for the experimental work and their effect on surface roughness (Ra) are studied. The results of the present work show that the optimum Ra levels in copper and brass electrodes are 2.16 µm and 3.43 µm, respectively, at current of 10 A, pulse on time of 100 µs, and pulse off time of 25 µs. The high levels of Ra in copper and brass electrodes are found to be 6.37 µm and 7.93 µm, respectively, at current of 42 A, pulse on time of 200 µs, and pulse off time of 4 µs. Deep learning neural networks and statistical analysis are used to evaluate the results. It has been found that there is a significant correlation between the process current and average surface roughness, and the pulsation time was not found significant. The use of deep learning neural networks has shown that AI could predict the average Ra values with an average error of about 0.39% for copper and of 0.26% for brass indicating the benefits of using AI in predicting the performance of manufacturing processes and the potential use of AI in future process modelling and applications. The drive to increase productivity and enhance quality is attracting manufacturers into adopting Industry 4.0 and artificial intelligence in their facilities to increase flexibility, reduce waste, and enhance efficiency. EDM is considered to be one of the most complex operations in manufacturing due to its high variability. Therefore, this paper suggests the use of deep learning neural networks to model the process and to predict the surface roughness outcome with limited input data. Statistical analysis was also used to test the statistical significance of each process parameter on the outcome.
Ambiguity-resolved short-baseline positioning performance of LEO frequency-varying carrier phase signals: a feasibility study
Authors: Yang S. , Khodabandeh A. , Zaminpardaz S. , Teunissen P. J. G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) enables GNSS to achieve real-time sub-centimeter-level positioning in open-sky environments, it can be easily hindered if the involved receivers are situated in areas with limited satellite visibility, such as in dense city environments. In such GNSS-challenged cases, commercial Low Earth Orbit (LEO) communication satellites can potentially augment GNSS by providing additional measurements. However, LEO satellites often lack code measurements, mainly transmitting satellite-specific frequency-varying carrier phase signals. This contribution aims to study the ambiguity-resolved baseline positioning performance of such phase-only signals, addressing the extent to which LEO constellations can realize near real-time positioning in standalone and GNSS-combined modes. Through a simulation platform, we analyze the distinct response of each LEO constellation (Iridium, Globalstar, Starlink, OneWeb, and Orbcomm) to IAR under various circumstances. Although achieving single-receiver high-precision positioning can be challenged by inaccuracies in the LEO satellite orbit products, the relative distance between two receivers can help overcome this limitation. As a result, centimeter-level relative positioning over short baselines can be made possible, even with a satellite elevation cut-off angle of 50 degrees, making it suitable for GNSS-challenged environments. This can be achieved with high-grade receiver clocks over very short baselines (

$$\sim $$

∼

5 km) and access to decimeter-level orbit products.
Long-term implant survival after debridement, antibiotics and implant Retention (DAIR) for acute prosthetic joint infections: is it a viable option beyond four weeks after index arthroplasty?
Authors: Perdomo-Lizarraga Juan Carlos , Combalia Andrés , Fernández-Valencia Jenaro Ángel , Martínez-Pastor Juan Carlos , Morata Laura , Soriano Alex , Muñoz-Mahamud Ernesto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Debridement, Antibiotic Treatment, and Implant Retention (DAIR) is considered the first-line treatment for early acute Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). This study aims to evaluate the five year success rates of early acute PJI managed with DAIR taking into consideration the time from the index surgery.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of medical charts for 291 consecutive patients with acute PJI occurring within the first three months after primary or revision arthroplasty was conducted. Patients were stratified into two groups based on DAIR timing: Group (A) patients who underwent DAIR within the first four weeks post-arthroplasty; Group (B) patients who underwent DAIR between five and 12 weeks post- arthroplasty. Success rate was defined as implant in place, without signs of infection and not under suppressive antibiotic treatment.

Results
The overall five year success rate for the entire cohort at five years was 62.2%. The mortality rate during the study period was 8.2%. The five year success rate was 64.4% (141 of 219) for Group A and 55.6% (40 of 72) for Group B (p = 0.21). Including deceased patients without signs of infection and retained implants as successful cases, the five year success rates increased to 69.9% for Group A (153 out of 219) and 69.4% for Group B (50 out of 72). The implant survival rate at five years was 73% for Group A and 71% for Group B.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that there are no significant differences between patients who undergo a DAIR procedure within four weeks from those performed between week five and 12. Importantly, the overall success rate decreased from 75.6 to 62.2% in the last three years of follow-up.
Long-Term Results of Modified Catheterization Technique in the Treatment of CE Type 2 and 3b Liver Hydatid Cysts
Authors: Akhan Okan , Özbay Yakup , Ünal Emre , Karaagaoglu Ergun , Çiftçi Turkmen Turan , Akıncı Devrim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the long-term results of modified catheterization technique (Mo-CAT) for percutaneous treatment of liver CE2/CE3b hydatid disease in a large series.

Materials and Methods
A total of 119 patients (F/M:73/59) and 132 liver CE2 and CE3b cysts who underwent percutaneous treatment by Mo-CAT from 2009 to 2020 were included in the study. Patients’ age ranges from 8 to 78 years (mean: 39 years). Volume changes of all cysts after the procedure, success and complication rates, duration of hospital stay, catheterization time and recurrence rates were recorded. Technical success was defined as successful catheter introduction into the CE. Clinical success was defined as cases with no mortality and no recurrence.

Results
Among all patients, the mean reduction in the cyst volume was 65.84% (range 6.29–100%). The mean length of hospital stay was 3.88 ± 4.73 days (range 1–36 days). A total of 107 (89.9%) of 119 patients were discharged from the hospital in first the week after the procedure. Major complications were observed in 12 of 119 patients (10.08%) and 12 out of 132 cysts (9.09%). Recurrence was detected in 6 (4.5%) cysts in 6 patients (4.5%) who needed additional procedures. Among all 119 patients, the mean follow-up duration was 51.66 ± 35.56 months (median, 49.00 months; range 0–131 months).

Conclusions
Treatment of liver CE2/3b with Mo-CAT appears to be a safe, reliable and efficient technique which is associated with low recurrence and complication rates.

Graphical Abstract
Retrieval-augmented generation improves precision and trust of a GPT-4 model for emergency radiology diagnosis and classification: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Fink Anna , Nattenmüller Johanna , Rau Stephan , Rau Alexander , Tran Hien , Bamberg Fabian , Reisert Marco , Kotter Elmar , Diallo Thierno , Russe Maximilian F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluated the effect of enhancing a GPT-4 model with retrieval-augmented generation on its ability to diagnose and classify traumatic injuries based on radiology reports.

Materials and methods
In this prospective proof-of-concept study, we used retrieval-augmented generation as a zero-shot learning approach to provide expert knowledge from the RadioGraphics top ten reading list for trauma radiology to the GPT-4 model, creating the context-aware TraumaCB. Radiological report findings of 50 traumatic injuries were independently generated by two radiologists. The performance of the TraumaCB compared to the generic GPT-4 was evaluated by three board-certified radiologists, assessing the accuracy and trustworthiness of the chatbot responses in the 100 reports created.

Results
The TraumaCB achieved 100% correct diagnoses, 96% correct classification, and 87% correct grading, outperforming the generic GPT-4 with 93% correct diagnoses, 70% correct classification, and 48% correct grading. TraumaCB sources consistently achieved a median rating of 5.0 for explanation and trust. Challenges encountered mainly involved traumatic injuries lacking widely accepted classification systems.

Conclusion
Augmenting a commercial GPT-4 model with retrieval-augmented generation improves its diagnostic and classification capabilities, positioning it as a valuable tool for efficiently assessing traumatic injuries across various anatomical regions in trauma radiology.

Key Points

Question

Retrieval-augmented generation has the potential to enhance generic chatbots with task-specific knowledge of emergency radiology.

Findings

The TraumaCB excelled in accuracy, particularly in injury classification and grading, and provided explanations along with the sources used, increasing transparency and facilitating verification.

Clinical relevance

The TraumaCB provides accurate, fast, and transparent access to trauma radiology classifications, potentially increasing the efficiency of image interpretation in emergency departments and enabling customized reports based on local or individual preferences.
Faster larval growth and shorter pelagic duration enhance the post-settlement persistence of a common range-extending coral-reef fish in a temperate ecosystem
Authors: Rigg Alexander L. , Fowler Ashley M. , Nagelkerken Ivan , Booth David J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Climate-induced ocean warming facilitates the poleward range expansion of tropical marine species into temperate waters. Such tropicalisation is reshaping marine ecosystems globally and has ecological implications. Our understanding of the factors influencing the establishment and persistence of vagrant tropical species in temperate waters remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we examined which early life history traits affect the post-settlement persistence of a vagrant tropical fish, the sergeant major damselfish Abudefduf vaigiensis, in temperate waters off southeast Australia. Over an 8-week period, fish were collected, and otolith microstructure analysis indicated that early post-settlement persistence was linked to fast larval growth in the week prior to settlement and to shorter pelagic larval duration, but not body size at hatching or body size at settlement. We conclude that successful invasions of temperate ecosystems by this vagrant tropical fish is likely mediated by demographic advantages these fish gain as early-stage larvae.
Navigating the Mining Industry Challenges: An Introduction to the CERA 4in1 Standards
Authors: Nowaz Thania , Fernandez Paulina , Foerster Lukas , Tost Michael , Monfort Climent Daniel , Olmos Betin Samuel , Melcher Frank 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The mining industry faces significant challenges, including sustainability, environmental impact, and compliance with evolving regulatory frameworks. These challenges are compounded by the global demand for responsible sourcing and traceability across complex supply chains. The CERA 4in1 standard emerges as an innovative certification framework, addressing these issues by integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria throughout the mining lifecycle, from exploration to final product delivery. This comprehensive system combines advanced technologies, such as material fingerprinting and blockchain-based traceability, to ensure transparency, compliance, and stakeholder trust. The modular design of the CERA 4in1 standard aligns with international regulations, providing a structured pathway for organizations to improve operations while meeting regulatory and market demands. This contribution outlines the structure and development of the CERA 4in1 system, emphasizing its potential to foster sustainability, operational transparency, and robust certification processes across the mining sector. The anticipated completion of this standard by 2025 represents a critical milestone in advancing responsible practices and enhancing global supply chain integrity.
Management of post-traumatic non-iatrogenic lumbar/flank hernias: diagnosis and treatment options—systematic review, meta-analysis and management algorithm
Authors: Elemosho Abdulaziz , Janis Jeffrey E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Post-traumatic non-iatrogenic lumbar/flank hernias (LFH) represent a unique and important subset of abdominal wall hernias that can develop following either blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen. There is paucity of evidence guiding the management and identification of associated complications of this hernia type in the literature. We aim to pool available cases in the literature and summarize the diagnostic and management approaches of traumatic LFH.

Methods
PUBMED, EMBASE and Scopus databases were queried, and relevant articles were selected following PRISMA guideline for systematic reviews. Studies in English and with complete data on post-traumatic non-iatrogenic LFH, including case reports, were included.

Results
A total of 211 cases of post-traumatic non-iatrogenic lumbar/flank hernias (LFH) from 62 articles published between 1993 and 2023 were included, with mean age of 52.1 years (interquartile range IQR: 25.8–62.7 years). Most patients had CT-confirmed diagnosis (96.1%), had inferiorly located LFHs (86.8%), and fell into Type B Moreno-Egea class (74.6%). Flank pain was the commonest presenting complaint (13.4%) with flank hematoma present at presentation in 8.6% of the cohort. Post-traumatic non-iatrogenic LFHs were diagnosed at index hospitalization/presentation in 75.5% and repaired during the same admission in 48.2% of patients. Open repair with mesh was the most common method of repair (59.8%), followed by open repair without mesh in 28.7% and by minimally invasive laparoscopic approach in 11.5% cases. Overall recurrence rate (for all repair types) was 8% at mean follow up of 15.4 months (IQR: 12.5–25.0 months). Hernia defect size of ≥ 8 cm was 100% sensitive and 52.9% specific for the prediction of mesenteric injuries. Flank hematoma/seatbelt sign was 100% sensitive and 81.8% specific for the prediction of mesenteric injuries in traumatic LFHs.

Conclusions
Patients presenting with flank pain and flank hematoma following a blunt abdominal wall trauma should receive a thorough radiologic evaluation, particularly a CT scan, for post-traumatic non-iatrogenic LFHs. Complications such as mesenteric avulsion must be considered with high suspicion in patients whose hernia is associated with flank hematoma or with hernia diameter ≥ 8 cm. Long term follow-up after repair still requires further study. Open repair with extraperitoneal mesh reinforcement is the standard of care for hernias ≥ 8 cm repaired acutely or electively, and minimally invasive laparoscopic approach is typically utilized for hernias < 8 cm.
Spatial prediction of InSAR-derived hillslope velocities via deep learning
Authors: He Jun , Tanyas Hakan , Dahal Ashok , Huang Da , Lombardo Luigi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spatiotemporal patterns of earth surface deformation are influenced by a combination of static and dynamic environmental characteristics specific to any landscape of interest. Nowadays, these patterns can be captured for larger areas using Interferometric Synthetic-Aperture Radar (InSAR) technologies and yet, their spatial prediction has been poorly investigated so far. Here, we initially compute the InSAR-derived line-of-sight hillslope velocities (VLOS) and calculate their mean (ranging from 0 to ~ 30 mm/y) and maximum (ranging from 0 to ~ 60 mm/y) values per Slope Units (SUs). These separately constitute the response variables to be modelled through a series of deep learning routines: i) a basic neural network (Multi-Layer Perceptron), ii) a Graph Convolutional Network implemented to capture spatial dependence among neighbouring SUs, and iii) an Edge-Featured Graph Attention Network sensitive not only to the interdependence brought by the SU positions in space but also to reciprocal terrain characteristics. We assessed the model performance for both models via Mean Absolute Error (MAE), r-squared (R2), and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC). The Edge-Featured Graph Attention Network model produced the best performance. The result for the first model targeting the mean VLOS are 4.75 mm/y, 0.63, and 0.79 for MAE, R2, and PCC, respectively. As for the second model, targeting the maximum VLOS, these are 19.52 mm/y, 0.55 and 0.75. We also showcased interpretable multivariate models, where the contribution of each predictor to the InSAR velocities is summarized and interpreted. This represent a clear example where InSAR-derived hillslope velocities are accurately estimated at regional scales, thus setting up the scene for further advances towards space-time regional deformation modelling.
Comparative cost analysis for bore hole and bark streak tapping methods in resin production from Pinus brutia
Authors: Caglayan İnci , Kabak Özgür , Ucal Sari Irem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study assesses the economic and technical feasibility of two resin extraction methods, Bore Hole Tapping (BH) and Bark Streak Tapping (BS), applied to Pinus brutia in the Korudağ Forest, Türkiye. Resin production from 758 trees was analyzed over six months to compare setup costs, operational expenses, labor costs, and yields. Additionally, a feasibility study involving 2500 trees was conducted to evaluate market, technical, and financial aspects. Results show that both methods incur high production costs, making resin production economically unviable under current market conditions. The BH method is particularly unfeasible due to significant initial investments and high operating costs. In contrast, the BS method, with lower costs, approaches viability at historically higher resin prices. Sensitivity analyses suggest that the BS method could become feasible with a significant rise in market prices. However, resin production from Pinus brutia remains economically unfeasible at present.
Is cardiopulmonary transit time (CPTT) measured by using dynamic rubidium cardiac PET/CT a predictor for cardiac function?
Authors: Seige Lena C. , Zhang Boya , Heimer Jakob , Spielhofer Noel , Popescu Cristina , Murray Karsten , La Fougère Christian , Burger Irene A. , Sauter Alexander W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cardiopulmonary transit time (CPTT) represents the time needed for the circulation of blood from the right to the left ventricle. This parameter can be measured during dynamic acquisition of rubidium ([82Rb]) cardiac PET/CT. To further characterize this marker, we wanted to assess the association between CPTT and parameters of cardiac function derived from echocardiography. Retrospective single center analysis of patients referred to [82Rb]RbCl-PET/CT with rest/stress protocol on an integrated hybrid PET/CT system (Biograph mCT, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) and echocardiography within 100 days. After intravenous injection of 7.5 MBq/kg [82Rb]RbCl dynamic scans with initially 12 × 10 s frames were started. For data analysis a volume of interest (VOI) was drawn in the left and right ventricle using dedicated software. The difference between the peak time for the two time activity curves (TAC) was extracted as CPTT and normalized for heart rate (NCPTT). Associations between NCPTT and echo parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction (EFEcho) were analyzed using linear regression models. 44 patients (sex: 28 male, 16 female) were enrolled with a time difference between PET and echocardiography of 19.65 ± 23.3 days. 9 patients had a rest CPTT of 0 s, 32 patients 10 s and 3 patients 20 s. The association between EFEcho and NCPTT revealed a significant negative correlation (beta = -0.77; CI: -1.32, -0.22; p = 0.007). Given this association, univariate predictive models for EFEcho were applied. Root mean square error was 6.83% for the EFPET, and 6.0% for NCPTT, which indicates a slightly higher predictive performance for the NCPTT model with a lower error. Pulmonary transit time can be estimated with [82Rb]RbCl-PET/CT, with a high positive association to rest EFEcho. However, smaller time frames than 10 s are needed, for more accurate estimation of cardiac function.

Graphical Abstract