bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss, mutation and deregulation of L3MBTL4 in breast cancers
Authors: Addou-Klouche Lynda , Adélaïde José , Finetti Pascal , Cervera Nathalie , Ferrari Anthony , Bekhouche Ismahane , Sircoulomb Fabrice , Sotiriou Christos , Viens Patrice , Moulessehoul Soraya , Bertucci François , Birnbaum Daniel , Chaffanet Max 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundMany alterations are involved in mammary oncogenesis, including amplifications of oncogenes and losses of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). Losses may affect almost all chromosome arms and many TSGs remain to be identified.ResultsWe studied 307 primary breast tumors and 47 breast cancer cell lines by high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). We identified a region on 18p11.31 lost in about 20% of the tumors and 40% of the cell lines. The minimal common region of loss (Chr18:6,366,938-6,375,929 bp) targeted theL3MBTL4gene. This gene was also targeted by breakage in one tumor and in two cell lines. We studied the exon sequence ofL3MBTL4in 180 primary tumor samples and 47 cell lines and found six missense and one nonsense heterozygous mutations. Compared with normal breast tissue,L3MBTL4mRNA expression was downregulated in 73% of the tumors notably in luminal, ERBB2 and normal-like subtypes. Losses of the 18p11 region were associated with lowL3MBTL4expression level. Integrated analysis combining genome and gene expression profiles of the same tumors pointed to 14 other potential 18p TSG candidates. Downregulated expression ofZFP161, PPP4R1andYES1was correlated with luminal B molecular subtype. LowZFP161gene expression was associated with adverse clinical outcome.ConclusionWe have identifiedL3MBTL4as a potential TSG of chromosome arm 18p. The gene is targeted by deletion, breakage and mutations and its mRNA is downregulated in breast tumors. Additional 18p TSG candidates might explain the aggressive phenotype associated with the loss of 18p in breast tumors.
A qualitative study of the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding by health professionals in Niamey, Niger
Authors: Moussa Abba Aïssata , De Koninck Maria , Hamelin Anne-Marie 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
The practice of exclusive breastfeeding depends on various factors related to both mothers and their environment, including the services delivered by health professionals. It is known that support and counseling by health professionals can improve rates, early initiation and total duration of breastfeeding, particularly exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers' decisions are influenced by health professionals' advice. However, in Niger the practice of exclusive breastfeeding is almost non-existent.
The purpose of this exploratory study, of which some results are presented here, was to document health professionals' attitudes and practices with regard to exclusive breastfeeding promotion in hospital settings in the urban community of Niamey, Niger.

Methods
Fieldwork was conducted in Niamey, Niger. A qualitative approach was employed. Health professionals' practices were observed in a sample of frontline public healthcare facilities.

Results
The field observation results presented here indicate that exclusive breastfeeding is not promoted in healthcare facilities because the health professionals do not encourage it and their practices are inappropriate. Some still have limited knowledge or are misinformed about this practice or do not believe in it. They do not systematically discuss exclusive breastfeeding with mothers, or they mention it only briefly and without giving any explanation. Worse still, some encourage the use of breast milk substitutes, which are frequently promoted in healthcare facilities. Thus mothers often receive contradictory messages.

Conclusion
The results suggest the need to train or retrain health professionals with regard to exclusive breastfeeding, and regularly supervise their activities.
Assembly of the outer retina in the absence of GABA synthesis in horizontal cells
Authors: Schubert Timm , Huckfeldt Rachel M , Parker Edward , Campbell John E , Wong Rachel OL 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Background
The inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) not only modulates excitability in the mature nervous system but also regulates neuronal differentiation and circuit development. Horizontal cells, a subset of interneurons in the outer retina, are transiently GABAergic during the period of cone photoreceptor synaptogenesis. In rodents, both horizontal cells and cone axonal terminals express GABAA receptors. To explore the possibility that transient GABA expression in mouse neonatal horizontal cells influences the structural development of synaptic connectivity in the outer retina, we examined a mutant in which expression of GAD67, the major synthesizing enzyme for GABA, is selectively knocked out in the retina.

Results
Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy revealed that the assembly of triad synapses involving cone axonal pedicles and the dendrites of horizontal and bipolar cells is unaffected in the mutant retina. Moreover, loss of GABA synthesis in the outer retina did not perturb the spatial distributions and cell densities of cones and horizontal cells. However, there were some structural alterations at the cellular level: the average size of horizontal cell dendritic clusters was larger in the mutant, and there was also a small but significant increase in cone photoreceptor pedicle area. Moreover, metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (mGluR6) receptors on the dendrites of ON bipolar cells occupied a slightly larger proportion of the cone pedicle in the mutant.

Conclusions
Together, our analysis shows that transient GABA synthesis in horizontal cells is not critical for synapse assembly and axonal and dendritic lamination in the outer retina. However, pre- and postsynaptic structures are somewhat enlarged in the absence of GABA in the developing outer retina, providing for a modest increase in potential contact area between cone photoreceptors and their targets. These findings differ from previous results in which pharmacological blockade of GABAA receptors in the neonatal rabbit retina caused a reduction in cone numbers and led to a grossly disorganized outer retina.
Tian Xian Liquid (TXL) induces apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cell in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo
Authors: Liu Qing , Tong Yao , Sze Stephen ChoWing , Liu Wing Keung , Lam Lam , Chu Ellie ShihngMeir , Yow Christine MiuNgan 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
Tian Xian Liquid (TXL) is a Chinese medicine decoction and has been used as an anticancer dietary supplement. The present study aims to investigate the effects of TXL on the apoptosis of HT-29 cells and tumor growth in vivo.

Method
HT-29 colon cancer cells were treated with gradient dilution of TXL. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 assay. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondrial and apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, 9 were examined by Western blot analysis. HT-29 cells were implanted in nude mice to examine the effects of TXL on tumor growth.

Result
TXL inhibited HT-29 xenografted model and showed a strong and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HT-29 cells. Mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced by TXL at the concentration of 0.5% above. For Western blot analysis, an increase in Bax expression and a decrease in Bcl-2 expression were observed in TXL-treated cells. TXL treatment increased the protein level of cleaved casepase-3 and caspase-9, and the release of cytochrome c in cytoplasm was up-regulated as well.

Conclusion
TXL significantly inhibits cell proliferation in the HT-29 cells and HT-29 xenografted model via the mitochondrial cell death pathway.
Recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding from idiopathic ileocolonic varices: a case report
Authors: Krishna Ravula Phani , Singh Rajneesh Kumar , Ghoshal Uday C 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Varices of the colon are a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, usually associated with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis or other causes of portal venous obstruction. Idiopathic colonic varices are extremely rare. Recognition of this condition is important as idiopathic colonic varices may be a cause of recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 21-year-old Asian man from north India who presented with recurrent episodes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed varices involving the terminal ileum and colon to the sigmoid. Thorough evaluation was undertaken to rule out any underlying portal hypertension. Our patient underwent subtotal colectomy including resection of involved terminal ileum and an ileorectal anastomosis.

Conclusion
Colonic varices are an uncommon cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Idiopathic colonic varices are diagnosed after excluding underlying liver disease and portal hypertension. Recognition of this condition is important as prognosis is good in the absence of liver disease and is curable by resection of the involved bowel.
Benign cervical multi-nodular goiter presenting with acute airway obstruction: a case report
Authors: Sharma Anu , Naraynsingh Vijay , Teelucksingh Surujpaul 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Benign cervical goiters rarely cause acute airway obstruction.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 64-year-old woman of African descent who presented with acute shortness of breath. She required immediate intubation and later a total thyroidectomy for a benign cervical multi-nodular goiter with no retrosternal tracheal compression.

Conclusion
Benign multi-nodular goiters are commonly left untreated once euthyroid. Peak inspiratory flow rates should be measured via spirometry in all goiters to assess the degree of tracheal compression. Once tracheal compression is identified, an elective total thyroidectomy should be performed to prevent morbidity and mortality from acute airway obstruction.
Genomic Index of Sensitivity to Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Symmans W. Fraser , Hatzis Christos , Sotiriou Christos , Andre Fabrice , Peintinger Florentia , Regitnig Peter , Daxenbichler Guenter , Desmedt Christine , Domont Julien , Marth Christian , Delaloge Suzette , Bauernhofer Thomas , Valero Vicente , Booser Daniel J. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Pusztai Lajos 
Published: August 2010

Purpose We hypothesize that measurement of gene expression related to estrogen receptor α (ER; gene name ESR1) within a breast cancer sample represents intrinsic tumoral sensitivity to adjuvant endocrine therapy. Methods A genomic index for sensitivity to endocrine therapy (SET) index was defined from genes coexpressed with ESR1 in 437 microarray profiles from newly diagnosed breast cancer, unrelated to treatment or outcome. The association of SET index and ESR1 levels with distant relapse risk was evaluated from microarrays of ER-positive breast cancer in two cohorts who received 5 years of tamoxifen alone as adjuvant endocrine therapy (n = 225 and 298, respectively), a cohort who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by tamoxifen and/or aromatase inhibition (n = 122), and two cohorts who received no adjuvant systemic therapy (n = 208 and 133, respectively). Results The SET index (165 genes) was significantly associated with distant relapse or death risk in both tamoxifen-treated cohorts (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70, 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.88, P = .002; and HR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.93, P = .007) and in the chemo-endocrine–treated cohort (HR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.69, P = .011) independently from pathologic response to chemotherapy, but was not prognostic in two untreated cohorts. No distant relapse or death was observed after tamoxifen alone if node-negative and high SET or after chemo-endocrine therapy if intermediate or high SET. Conclusion The SET index of ER-related transcription predicted survival benefit from adjuvant endocrine therapy, not inherent prognosis. Prior chemotherapy seemed to enhance the efficacy of adjuvant endocrine therapy related to SET index.
Analytical Behaviors of Steel and CFRP Reinforced Concrete Beams in Fire
Authors: Rafi Muhammad Masood , Nadjai Ali 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The study of thermal behaviors of concrete structures has been an area of great interest to researchers over a long period of time. This paper presents the details of analytical studies, which were carried out in order to investigate high temperature performance of steel or carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This performance is considered to be highly dependent on elevated temperature properties of employed materials (i.e., concrete, steel, and FRP), concrete cracking model, and temperature related strain components. The effects of these parameters in relation to the experimental data were studied in order to establish those that are critical for the prediction of fire resistance of steel or FRP RC beams. Constitutive models for temperature dependent thermal expansion coefficient of concrete and steel have been proposed and validated against the recorded beam behaviors. The effects of transient creep strain were found insignificant in the studies presented in this paper. Non-orthogonal and orthogonal crack formations were found to be suitable for steel and CFRP reinforced beams, respectively. A highly non-linear rebar stress distribution was observed at the mid-span of the beam. Compressive stresses were produced in the steel bars, owing to their restrained thermal dilatation during heating.
Designing Stormwater Chambers to Meet AASHTO Specifications
Authors: McGrath Timothy J. , Mailhot David 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Thermoplastic stormwater chambers have been successfully used on many projects to meet current federal regulations controlling discharges from newly developed sites. These structures are commonly located under parking lots or roadways and subjected to vehicular loads on a regular basis. Given this application, it is logical to design these structures for loads specified in the AASHTO LRFD Specifications for Highway Bridges, which provide design procedures for thermoplastic culvert pipe for use under roadways. However, experience has shown that many drainage engineers are not familiar with the AASHTO Specifications and have difficulty evaluating product manufacturer’s claims relative to AASHTO requirements. This paper presents the key aspects of the AASHTO specifications that should be applied to stormwater chamber design, such as determining applicable loads, load factors, design of profile sections, and consideration of time dependent properties. Also addressed are design matters for chambers not directly addressed by AASHTO. Of particular importance in developing unique structures is the validation of designs and chamber safety levels through full scale testing.
Changes in coagulation indexes and occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients with Cushing's syndrome: results from a prospective study before and after surgery
Authors: Manetti Luca , Bogazzi Fausto , Giovannetti Clara , Raffaelli Valentina , Genovesi Maura , Pellegrini Giovanni , Ruocco Lucia , Iannelli Aldo , Martino Enio 
Published: August 2010

ObjectivesTo evaluate whether patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) had i) changes in coagulative and fibrinolytic parameters associated with CS activity and ii) higher prevalence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE).DesignProspective study conducted on patients with CS evaluated at diagnosis and 12 months after surgery.Patients and methodsForty patients with active CS (36 with Cushing's disease (CD) and 4 with an adrenal adenoma) were evaluated. Forty normal subjects and 70 patients with non-ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas served as controls. All patients and controls underwent an assessment of coagulation and fibrinolysis indexes before and after surgery.ResultsCS patients at baseline had a hypercoagulative phenotype when compared with normal subjects (activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, D-Dimer, von Willebrand factor (VWF), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1 or SERPINE1), antithrombin III (ATIII or SERPINC1),P<0.0001, α2antiplasmin,P=0.0004, thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT),P=0.01, factor IX (F9),P=0.03). Patients with still active disease after surgery had higher coagulative parameters than those in remission (VWF (P<0.0001), PAI-1 (P=0.004), TAT (P=0.0001), ATIII (P=0.0002) and α2antiplasmin (or SERPINF2;P=0.006)), whereas aPTT levels (P=0.007) were significantly reduced. VTE occurred in three patients with CD (7.5%): one had a pulmonary embolism and two patients had a deep venous thrombosis; no patients submitted to transsphenoidal surgery for non-Cushing's pituitary adenoma had VTE (P=0.04).ConclusionsPatients with CS have a procoagulative phenotype due to cortisol-associated changes in haemostatic and fibrinolytic markers, leading to increased incidence of VTE. Thromboprophylaxis seems to be appropriated in patients with active disease, particularly in the postoperative period.
Feeding Dysfunction in Children With Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Mukkada Vincent A. , Haas Angela , Maune Nancy Creskoff , Capocelli Kelley E. , Henry Michelle , Gilman Nicholas , Petersburg Stephanie , Moore Wendy , Lovell Mark A. , Fleischer David M. , Furuta Glenn T. , Atkins Dan 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES:
Feeding dysfunction (FD) seen in younger children with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (EGID) has not been well described. Thus, our aim was to further characterize FD in children with EGIDs.

METHODS:
A retrospective medical record analysis of 200 children seen over 12 months in a multidisciplinary Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program was performed. The clinical data of 33 children identified as also having FD were examined, including information obtained by history, physical examination, feeding evaluation, review of nutritional data, allergy testing and histologic assessment of mucosal biopsies.

RESULTS:
Of 200 children with EGIDs, 16.5% had significant FD. The median age of this group was 34 months (range: 14–113 months). A variety of learned maladaptive feeding behaviors were reported in 93.9%. Frequent gagging or vomiting occurred in 84.8%. Food sensitivity was documented in 88% while 52% had other allergic disease. Twenty one percent were diagnosed with failure to thrive and 69.7% required individual or group feeding therapy. Forty-two percent had residual eosinophilia of &gt;15 per HPF on esophageal biopsies performed at the time of symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:
FD is prevalent in children with EGIDs often presenting as maladaptive learned feeding behaviors with altered mealtime dynamics and physical difficulties in eating mechanics. FD can persist even after eosinophilic inflammation is successfully treated. Awareness of the increased prevalence of FD in children with EGIDs with enable earlier recognition of this problem, resulting in a comprehensive, individualized treatment plan with the desired outcome of improving the development, feeding, and nutrition of these children.
Pragmatic Scoring System for Pharyngitis in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Joachim Laure , Campos Dioclecio , Smeesters Pierre R. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE:
Our objective was to develop an easy, safe, pragmatic, clinical scoring system that would allow decreases in unnecessary treatment with antimicrobial agents in low-resource settings.

METHODS:
Children with pharyngitis were enrolled prospectively from 2 public hospitals and 1 medical unit in Brasilia, Brazil, over 17 months. Attending clinicians completed a questionnaire and a previously published scoring system for pharyngitis before performing throat swabs and group A streptococcus (GAS) rapid antigen-detection tests. Data from this study were added to those collected in 2004, to assess the performance of each item of the scoring system. The performance of the new clinical decision rule was determined with a receiver operating characteristic curve. The final outcome of the model was assessed on the basis of sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio for non-GAS infections with the clinical approach, compared with throat culture or rapid antigen-detection test results.

RESULTS:
A total of 576 children were included, among whom 400 had non-GAS pharyngitis. The use of our new clinical decision rule would allow for 35% to 55% antibiotic reduction, with 88% specificity.

CONCLUSIONS:
This clinical decision rule could reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatment significantly in low-resource settings.
Biomineralization of Vivianite on the Carbon Steel Surface Attacked by the Iron Reducing Bacteria
Authors: Lee So Yeon , Yoshikawa Hideki , Matsui Toshiya 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIron remains show the corrosion behavior of metal materials over a long term while buried in the soil. The data provide useful information in the study of the stability of overpack (carbon steel) under geological disposal conditions. And they also provide important information for the conservation science of important items of cultural heritage. There are two major microbial influences on the metal material surface : corrosion caused by microbes (microbially influenced corrosion, MIC) ; and mineralization by microbes (biomineralization). To observe these two roles, an iron reducing bacteria was cultured in a liquid medium with carbon steel and detection of corroded products were carried out by XRD method in this study.Iron reducing bacteria was cultured under static conditions for 41 days with carbon steel. The result showed that a complex (biofilm, bacteria, etc.) was generated by the bacteria and covered the surface of the carbon steel. By using a microscope, the corrosion product was revealed to be formed of green and white crystal, or needle-shaped product and lozenge crystal by SEM observation. The green crystal was vivianite (Fe2+3(PO4)2・8H2O) measuring 50˜250 μm. In a corrosion process of an iron material surface, iron ion Fe2+ is dissolved from the iron in a cathode reaction, and generates Fe3+ oxide as corrosion product. It appears that vivianite can be also generated as corrosion product in an environment rich in Fe2+ and phosphate by activity of an iron reducing bacteria. Some data on the morphological feature of these corrosion products were obtained.
The in vitro effects of 2-methoxyestradiol-bis-sulphamate on cell numbers, membrane integrity and cell morphology, and the possible induction of apoptosis and autophagy in a non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line
Authors: Visagie Michelle , Joubert Annie 
Published: August 2010

Abstract2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) exerts estrogen receptor-independent anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Due to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolic degradation, several analogues have been developed in recent years. 2-methoxyestradiol-bis-sulphamate (2-MeOE2bisMATE) is a bis-sulphamoylated derivative of 2ME2 with anti-proliferative activity. The aim of this study was to investigate cell signaling events induced by 2-MeOE2bisMATE in a non-tumorigenic cell line (MCF-12A) by analysing its influence on cell number, morphology and membrane integrity, and the possible induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Dose- and time-dependent studies revealed that 48 h exposure to 2-MeOE2bisMATE (0.4 μM) resulted in a decrease in cell numbers to 79%. A slight increase in the level of lactate dehydrogenase production was observed in the 2-MeOE2bisMATE-treated cells. Morphological studies revealed an increase in the number of cells in metaphase. Hallmarks of apoptosis were also found, namely nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies. In addition, increased lysosomal staining was observed via fluorescent microscopy, suggesting the induction of another type of cell death, namely autophagy. Since 2-MeOE2bisMATE is regarded as a potential anti-cancer agent, it is also imperative to investigate the susceptibility of non-tumorigenic cells to its influence. The data generated from this study contributes to the understanding of the action that 2-MeOE2bisMATE exerts on the non-tumorigenic MCF-12A breast epithelial cell line.