bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A network system for vitellogenin synthesis in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (L.)
Authors: Agnese Marisa , Verderame Mariailaria , De Meo Enrico , Prisco Marina , Rosati Luigi , Limatola Ermelinda , del Gaudio Rosanna , Aceto Serena , Andreuccetti Piero 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess, by RT‐PCR, in situ hybridization, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry, the site/s of vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Our investigations demonstrate that, among the analyzed tissues, the synthesis of VTG occurs only in the female gonad, that is, within the oocyte and follicle and connective cells. Such a synthesis is just evident in early vitellogenic oocytes, whose cytoplasm is characterized by numerous RER cisternae and an extended Golgi complex surrounded by nascent yolk platelets. The synthesis of VTG goes on in vitellogenic oocytes assuming a pear form, and progressively reduces once the oocyte shows the pear or polygonal form, typical of those oocytes that have concluded the growth. The expression of VTG occurs also within follicle (auxiliary) and connective cells. In particular, it is noteworthy that follicle cells are characterized by numerous RER cisternae and an active Golgi complex surrounded by numerous vesicles and vacuoles containing electron dense material. The same material is also present along their plasma membrane, within the intercellular space between oocyte and follicle cells, and finally within invaginations of the oocyte surface, thus suggesting a VTG transfer to the oocyte via endocytosis. Differently, no VTG synthesis was observed within digestive gland. All together the findings here reported strongly suggest that in M. galloprovincialis, inside the gonad, the VTG synthesis occurs in the oocyte (autosynthesis) and in the follicle and adipogranular cells (heterosynthesis). J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 547–555, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Resistin protects against 6‐hydroxydopamine‐induced cell death in dopaminergic‐like MES23.5 cells
Authors: Lu Dah‐Yuu , Chen Jia‐Hong , Tan Tzu‐Wei , Huang Chih‐Yang , Yeh Wei‐Lan , Hsu Horng‐Chaung 
Published: July 2012

AbstractResistin is originally reported as an adipose tissue‐specific hormone and is thought to represent a link between obesity and insulin‐resistant diabetes. Adipokines exert energy‐regulation and has been reported to have neuroprotective effect like leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin. However, the role of resistin in neuroprotective effect has not been explored. 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA), one of the most investigated Parkinson's disease neurotoxins, is widely used to study mechanisms of cell death in dopaminergic neurons. In the present study, our results show that treatment of resistin protects 6‐OHDA‐induced cell death in dopaminergic‐like MES23.5 cells. Resistin also antagonizes 6‐OHDA‐induced apoptotic cell death measured by fluorescence‐activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis and Hochest 33342 staining. Furthermore, treatment of resistin also dramatically reduces 6‐OHDA‐mediated ROS production and mitochondria transmembrane potential dissipation. Moreover, expression of 6‐OHDA‐induced apoptotic markers, such as Bcl‐2 degradation, Bax expression, PARP degradation and caspase 3 activity increase, are all attenuated by resistin treatment. Our results also show that resistin induces up‐regulation of heat shock protein (Hsp) 32 (heme oxygenase‐1, HO‐1) and Hsc (heat shock cognate) 70. The protective effect of resistin on 6‐OHDA‐induced cell death is abolished by HO‐1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX and HSP inhibitor KNK437. These results suggest the neuroprotective effects of resistin against 6‐OHDA‐induced cell death with the underlying mechanisms of inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, we suggest that resistin may provide a useful therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 563–571, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cadmium adsorption on modified chitosan‐coated bentonite: batch experimental studies
Authors: Arvand Majid , Pakseresht Mohammad A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Several researchers have investigated the use of chitosan as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from aqueous streams. Chitosan flake or powder swells and crumbles making it unsuitable for use in an adsorption column. Chitosan also has a tendency to agglomerate or form a gel in aqueous media. The adsorption capacity can be enhanced by spreading chitosan on physical supports that can increase the accessibility of the metal binding sites. Although several attempts have been made to enhance the adsorption capacity of chitosan, using various chemicals, the sorption capacity for metal ions decreased after cross‐linking of chitosan.RESULTS: Bentonite was coated with chitosan (Chi) and its derivative, 3,4‐dimethoxy‐benzaldehyde (Chi/DMB). The product was then used as adsorbent for the removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. The presence of imine groups resulting from chemical modification was confirmed using IR, DRS and SEM. The adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm and could be described by pseudo‐second order kinetics.CONCLUSION: Chi/DMB coated on bentonite increased the accessibility of metal binding sites. The Chi/DMB/bentonite showed no significant pH dependence in the pH range 2–9, but bentonite coated with chitosan revealed very intensive pH dependence, which had a considerable effect on cadmium removal. As expected adsorption of Cd2+ by Chi/bentonite and Chi/DMB/bentonite is dependent on contact time and adsorbent dose. In addition, an EDTA solution is suitable for desorption of cadmium ions, and the reusability of Chi/DMB/bentonite is quite good. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation of spent caustic by Fenton and persulfate oxidation with zero‐valent iron
Authors: Oh Seok‐Young , Shin Dong‐Sik 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the oxidation of spent caustic, strong alkaline liquid waste from refinery and petrochemical plants, by hydrogen oxide and persulfate activated with zero‐valent iron (Fe(0)) as an alternative treatment process. Using batch experiments, the mineralization of spent caustic was evaluated by monitoring the total organic carbon (TOC).RESULTSTOC removal from the spent caustic was not successfully achieved by treatment with hydrogen peroxide or persulfate only; spent caustic was mineralized when Fe(0) was added. With 1 g of Fe(0), 25 and 35% of the initial TOC was reduced in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and persulfate, respectively. The optimal Fe(0)‐to‐hydrogen peroxide/persulfate molar ratio was 1:5. Control experiments with Fe2+ under identical conditions indicated that Fe(0) was more effective for activating hydrogen peroxide and persulfate, probably due to the continuous release of Fe2+ in the presence of the oxidants. Increased temperatures enhanced the oxidation of the spent caustic by Fe(0)‐activated persulfate, resulting in greater than 95% TOC removal in 5 h at 80 °C at the optimal ratio. A five‐fold increase in the amounts of Fe(0) and hydrogen peroxide or persulfate while retaining the optimal ratio resulted in the complete removal of TOC in 12 and 2 h, respectively.CONCLUSIONResults suggest that Fe(0)‐assisted Fenton and persulfate oxidation may be a promising option for treating spent caustic. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
A Note on Hitting Maximum and Maximal Cliques With a Stable Set
Authors: Christofides Demetres , Edwards Katherine , King Andrew D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt was recently proved that any graph satisfying contains a stable set hitting every maximum clique. In this note, we prove that the same is true for graphs satisfying unless the graph is the strong product of an odd hole and .We also provide a counterexample to a recent conjecture on the existence of a stable set hitting every sufficiently large maximal clique.
Extremal Graphs With a Given Number of Perfect Matchings
Authors: Hartke Stephen G. , Stolee Derrick , West Douglas B. , Yancey Matthew 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLet denote the maximum number of edges in a graph having n vertices and exactly p perfect matchings. For fixed p, Dudek and Schmitt showed that for some constant when n is at least some constant . For , they also determined and . For fixed p, we show that the extremal graphs for all n are determined by those with vertices. As a corollary, a computer search determines and for . We also present lower bounds on proving that for (as conjectured by Dudek and Schmitt), and we conjecture an upper bound on . Our structural results are based on Lovász's Cathedral Theorem.
SOLIDARITY ECONOMY IN BRAZIL: MOVEMENT, DISCOURSE AND PRACTICE ANALYSIS THROUGH A POLANYIAN UNDERSTANDING OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Lemaître Andreia , Helmsing A. H. J. (Bert) 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSolidarity economy (SE) initiatives constitute a worldwide phenomenon that is today at the heart of numerous economic and social debates. They are active in very diverse economic sectors, aiming for example to create employment for poor and low‐qualified workers. We begin with presenting a Polanyian framework for the analysis of such economic activities, which enables us to develop a plural and integral conception of a productive organisation. We draw on Polanyi's thesis that economy is a political and institutionalised process and present a historic overview of the construction of the SE ‘sector’ in Brazil. We put forward the hypothesis that the SE today in Brazil represents a social movement. Then, we ask ourselves if the SE movement led to a change in grassroots economic initiatives, such as ‘people's cooperatives’. We present the results of exploratory research undertaken on 15 people's cooperatives in the State of Rio de Janeiro and its conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
YOUNG ZAMBIANS ‘WAITING’ FOR OPPORTUNITIES AND ‘WORKING TOWARDS’ LIVING WELL: LIFECOURSE AND ASPIRATION IN YOUTH TRANSITIONS
Authors: Locke Catherine , te Lintelo Dolf J. H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt has become increasingly difficult for young Zambians to construct youth‐to‐adult transitions that meet the normative expectations of coherent life trajectories towards being successful. We explore 60 young Zambians' experiences through qualitative life history interviews focusing on processes of economic (dis)empowerment. We focus closely on what these Zambian youth aspire to, their ‘models’ for life course achievement and how they position their own progress towards and prospects for ‘success’ in relation to their peers. In doing so, we contribute to understanding the importance of youth wellbeing in times of increasing uncertainty. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INTEGRATING ETHNOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES IN NGO MONITORING AND IMPACT EVALUATION
Authors: Bell Stephen A. , Aggleton Peter 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTwo recent developments have important implications for how the impact of social change programming is understood in international development. First, there is growing concern for ways of monitoring programmes and assessing impact that are more grounded in the realities of practice than some ‘results‐based’ methods currently promoted and utilised. Second, there are calls for greater use of anthropological methods in non‐governmental organisation (NGO) programme evaluation. This paper draws on findings from recent research in Uganda examining NGO‐led HIV prevention and sexual health programmes with rural youth. It reveals how rigorous qualitative research using ethnographic principles will enable practitioners to learn how best to strengthen programme delivery. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuroanatomy of Halobiotus crispae (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae): Tardigrade brain structure supports the clade panarthropoda
Authors: Persson Dennis K. , Halberg Kenneth A. , Jørgensen Aslak , Møbjerg Nadja , Kristensen Reinhardt M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe position of Tardigrada in the animal tree of life is a subject that has received much attention, but still remains controversial. Whereas some think tardigrades should be categorized as cycloneuralians, most authors argue in favor of a phylogenetic position within Panarthropoda as a sister group to Arthropoda or Arthropoda + Onychophora. Thus far, neither molecular nor morphological investigations have provided conclusive results as to the tardigrade sister group relationships. In this article, we present a detailed description of the nervous system of the eutardigrade Halobiotus crispae, using immunostainings, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and computer‐aided three‐dimensional reconstructions supported by transmission electron microscopy. We report details regarding the structure of the brain as well as the ganglia of the ventral nerve cord. In contrast to the newest investigation, we find transverse commissures in the ventral ganglia, and our data suggest that the brain is partitioned into at least three lobes. Additionally, we can confirm the existence of a subpharyngeal ganglion previously called subesophagal ganglion. According to our results, the original suggestion of a brain comprised of at least three parts cannot be rejected, and the data presented supports a sister group relationship of Tardigrada to 1) Arthropoda or 2) Onychophora or 3) Arthropoda + Onychophora. J. Morphol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical MRI of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: González R. Gilberto 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe most important service that imaging provides to patients with ischemic stroke is to rapidly identify those patients who are most likely to benefit from immediate treatment. This group includes patients who have severe neurological symptoms due to an occlusion of a major artery, and who are candidates for recanalization using intravenous thrombolysis or intra‐arterial intervention to remove the occlusion. Outcomes for these patients are determined by symptom severity, the artery that is occluded, the size of the infarct at the time of presentation, and the effect of treatment. MRI provides key physiological information through MR angiography and diffusion MRI that has been proven to be of high clinical value in identify patients who are in need of immediate treatment. Perfusion MRI provides information about the ischemic penumbra, but its clinical value is unproven. In current clinical practice, the time since stroke onset is dominant over physiologic information provided by MRI in treatment decisions. This will change only when clinical trials prove that stroke physiology as revealed by MRI is superior to time from stroke onset in promoting good clinical outcomes. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:259–271. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of nutrient solutions in an open‐field soilless system on the quality characteristics and shelf life of fresh‐cut red and green lettuces (Lactuca sativa L.) in different seasons
Authors: Luna María C , Martínez‐Sánchez Ascensión , Selma María V , Tudela Juan A , Baixauli Carlos , Gil María I 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Little information is available about the impact of nutrient solution ion concentration on quality characteristics and shelf life of fresh‐cut lettuce grown in soilless systems in open field. Three lettuce genotypes, lollo rosso and red oak leaf as red‐leafed genotypes and butterhead as green‐leafed genotype, were studied. The influence of three nutrient solutions with low, medium and high ion concentrations, which varied in the macroanion (NO$_{3}^{-}$) and macrocations (K+, Ca2+ and NH$_{4}^{+}$), were compared in summer and winter.RESULTS: The nutrient solutions evaluated in this study for the production of lettuce in a soilless system did not strongly influence the quality characteristics of the raw material. When the ion concentration of the nutrient solution was increased, fresh weight decreased, although it depended on the genotype and season. Maturity index and dry matter content varied with the season but independently of the nutrient solution. In summer, maturity index was higher and dry matter lower than in winter. Initial texture and visual quality were not influenced by the nutrient solution. Medium ion concentration provided the highest content of vitamin C and phenolic compounds. Our observations pointed out that the genotype had a strong influence on the shelf life of the fresh‐cut product with minor differences among nutrient solutions. In general, red‐leafed lettuces showed the highest antioxidant content, helping the maintenance of sensory characteristics throughout storage.CONCLUSION: The combination of optimal nutrient solution ion concentration and suitable cultivar is considered essential to ensure lettuce post‐cutting life. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Texture, composition and anatomy of spinach leaves in relation to nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez Eduardo , Lieth Heiner J , Jernstedt Judith A , Labavitch John M , Suslow Trevor V , Cantwell Marita I 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The postharvest quality and shelf life of spinach are greatly influenced by cultural practices. Reduced spinach shelf life is a common quandary in the Salinas Valley, California, where current agronomic practices depend on high nitrogen (N) rates. This study aimed to describe the postharvest fracture properties of spinach leaves in relation to N fertilization, leaf age and spinach cultivar.RESULTS: Force–displacement curves, generated by a puncture test, showed a negative correlation between N fertilization and the toughness, stiffness and strength of spinach leaves (P > 0.05). Younger leaves (leaves 12 and 16) from all N treatments were tougher than older leaves (leaves 6 and 8) (P > 0.05). Leaves from the 50 and 75 ppm total N treatments irrespective of spinach cultivar had higher fracture properties and nutritional quality than leaves from other N treatments (P > 0.05). Total alcohol‐insoluble residues (AIR) and pectins were present at higher concentrations in low‐N grown plants. These plants also had smaller cells and intercellular spaces than high‐N grown leaves (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Observed changes in physicochemical and mechanical properties of spinach leaves due to excess nitrogen fertilization were significantly associated with greater postharvest leaf fragility and lower nutritional quality. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Texture improvement of fresh and frozen mangoes with pectin methylesterase and calcium infusion
Authors: Sirijariyawat Arpassorn , Charoenrein Sanguansri , Barrett Diane M 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: A major problem of mango products is texture loss. The effect of commercial pectin methylesterase (PME) and calcium infusion on improvement of the texture of both fresh and frozen‐thawed mango cubes was investigated in the present study.RESULTS: The weight gain and moisture content of mango samples were greater at relatively high vacuum level (10 kPa). The PME activity of samples infused with PME and calcium at 10 kPa increased fourfold in comparison with that of control and water‐infused samples. The combined effect of PME and calcium was found to improve the texture and microstructure of both fresh and frozen‐thawed mangoes. Fresh mangoes infused with PME and calcium at 10 kPa showed significantly higher firmness than control fresh samples. Frozen‐thawed mangoes infused with PME and calcium at 50 kPa and atmospheric pressure had superior texture and microstructure in comparison with control frozen‐thawed samples.CONCLUSION: The results of the present analysis allow for a better appreciation of the role of PME, calcium and appropriate infusion conditions in improving the texture of both fresh and frozen‐thawed mangoes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Minimally invasive approaches for gastric cancer—Korean experience
Authors: Yang Han‐Kwang , Suh Yun‐Suhk , Lee Hyuk‐Joon 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLaparoscopic surgery in Korea increased rapidly because of the early detection of gastric cancer by the development of diagnostic tools and nationwide screening. The Korean Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group (KLASS group) played a leading role in various projects related with minimally invasive surgery. The justification of minimally invasive procedures including robotic surgery, sentinel‐node biopsy, or single‐port surgery/Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) must be predetermined by the clinical trial before a wide application, and the medical industry as well as surgeons should have great responsibility. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:277–281. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ablative therapies in adrenal tumors: Primary and metastatic
Authors: Pua Bradley B. , Solomon Stephen B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA large number of adrenal tumors are now identified either incidentally or associated with a metastatic workup for cancer. While the vast majority of these lesions are benign, those that prove to be primary or secondary cancers are traditionally treated with surgical resection. A wide variety of alternative, less invasive therapies exist. One of these, thermal ablation, is examined herein. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:626–631. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Translation and preliminary validation of the english version of the DUX questionnaire for lower extremity bone tumor patients (Bt‐DUX): A disease‐specific measure for quality of life
Authors: Bekkering W. Peter , Billing Laura , Grimer Rob J. , Vlieland Theodora P.M. Vliet , Koopman Hendrik M. , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , Taminiau Antonie H.M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurposeTo translate the Dutch DUX questionnaire for lower extremity bone tumor patients (Bt‐DUX), a disease‐specific quality of life (QoL) instrument, into the English (UK) language and preliminary validate the English version in patients who were treated for lower‐extremity bone tumors.MethodsAdaptation and translation process included forward translation, back‐translation, and a review of the back‐translation by an expert committee. Internal consistency and validity of the translated questionnaire were examined in a sample of adolescents treated for lower extremity osteosarcoma in the United Kingdom. Assessments included the Bt‐DUX, the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS), the Short Form (SF)‐36, and the TNO‐AZL Questionnaire for Adult's Quality of Life (TAAQOL).ResultsSeventeen patients (7 ♂ and 10 ♀), median age 19.9 (range: 16–25) years completed the questionnaires. Mean Bt‐DUX score was 38.8 (range: 23–78), with Cronbach's α being 0.95 domain–total correlations ranged between 0.84 and 0.93 (P < 0.01). Spearman's correlation coefficients between the Bt‐DUX total and domain scores and corresponding TAAQOL and SF‐36 scores were overall moderate to good and reaching statistical significance in a most cases.ConclusionPreliminary evidence suggests that the English Bt‐DUX translation is a valid disease‐specific instrument for evaluating QoL of adolescents with lower extremity bone cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:353–359. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multidisciplinary approach to giant cell tumors of tendon sheath and synovium—A critical appraisal of literature and treatment proposal
Authors: van der Heijden Lizz , Gibbons C.L. Max H. , Hassan A. Bass , Kroep Judith R. , Gelderblom Hans , van Rijswijk Carla S.P. , Nout Remi A. , Bradley Kevin M. , Athanasou Nick A. , Dijkstra P.D. Sander , Hogendoorn Pancras C. W. , van de Sande Michiel A. J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractGiant cell tumors deriving from synovium are classified into a localized (GCT of tendon sheath; GCT‐TS) and diffuse form (diffuse‐type GCT, Dt‐GCT). We propose a multidisciplinary management based upon a systematic review and authors' opinion. Open excision for GCT‐TS and open synovectomy (plus excision) for Dt‐GCT is advised to reduce the relatively high recurrence risk. External beam radiotherapy should be considered in severe cases, as Dt‐GCT commonly extends extra‐articular. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:433–445. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.