bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Aromatherapy on Anxiety and Pain in Patients Undergoing Oculoplastic Surgery
Authors: Chang Michael , Schaefer Jamie , Leonard Anthony , Ellison Pavithra Ranganathan , Cui Ruifeng , Evans Raquel , Calvert Nina , Thuro Bradley , Fay Aaron , Nguyen John 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To determine the effect of aromatherapy on postoperative anxiety and pain in patients undergoing oculoplastic surgery.

Methods:
A randomized controlled study of 60 patients who underwent monitored anesthesia care sedation for oculoplastic procedures from August 2018 to November 2020. Patients were randomized to an aromatherapy (n = 32) or placebo (n = 28) condition. Anxiety was measured with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and visual analog scale for anxiety. Pain was measured with a visual analog scale for pain.

Results:
Compared with control patients, aromatherapy patients had significantly lower postoperative State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state anxiety (24.1 vs. 29.1; p = 0.05) and visual analog scale pain scores (1.9 vs. 3.2; p = 0.05). Aromatherapy patients also had shorter stays in the postanesthesia care unit than control patients (57.7 vs. 79.4 minutes; p = 0.03).

Conclusions:
Patients who received aromatherapy reported lower postoperative anxiety and pain. Aromatherapy may be a useful adjuvant analgesic and/or anxiolytic for patients undergoing oculoplastic procedures with monitored anesthesia care sedation.
Antenatal Care: A Comparative Review of Guidelines
Authors: Boureka Eirini , Tsakiridis Ioannis , Kostakis Nikolaos , Giouleka Sonia , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Kalogiannidis Ioannis , Athanasiadis Apostolos , Dagklis Themistoklis 
Published: May 2024

Importance
Antenatal care plays a crucial role in safely monitoring and ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, ultimately leading to the best possible perinatal outcomes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to review and compare the most recently published guidelines on antenatal care.

Evidence Acquisition
A descriptive review of guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the Public Health Agency of Canada, the World Health Organization, and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists regarding antenatal care was conducted.

Results
There is a consensus among the reviewed guidelines regarding the necessary appointments during the antenatal period, the proper timing for induction of labor, the number and frequency of laboratory examinations for the assessment of mother's well-being, and management strategies for common physiological problems during pregnancy, such as nausea and vomiting, heartburn, pelvic pain, leg cramps, and symptomatic vaginal discharge. In addition, special consideration should be given for mental health issues and timely referral to a specialist, reassurance of complete maternal vaccination, counseling for safe use of medical agents, and advice for cessation of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use during pregnancy. Controversy surrounds clinical evaluation during the antenatal period, particularly when it comes to the routine use of an oral glucose tolerance test and symphysis-fundal height measurement for assessing fetal growth, whereas routine cardiotocography and fetal movement counting are suggested practices only by Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Of note, recommendations on nutritional interventions and supplementation are offered only by Public Health Agency of Canada and World Health Organization, with some minor discrepancies in the optimal dosage.

Conclusions
Antenatal care remains a critical factor in achieving positive outcomes, but there are variations depending on the socioeconomic status of each country. Therefore, the establishment of consistent international protocols for optimal antenatal care is of utmost importance. This can help provide safe guidance for healthcare providers and, consequently, improve both maternal and fetal outcomes.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, the learner should be better able to describe appropriate laboratory and clinical assessment plans during the antenatal period; identify common physiological problems of pregnancy and propose appropriate management strategies; and evaluate the recommended supplementation and nutritional interventions during pregnancy.
Immune Infiltration and Survival Analysis in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Identifying Prognostic Cell Types
Authors: Verma Madhulika 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the development and survival of neoplastic cells, with tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) constituting a significant component. This immune infiltrate exhibits a diverse composition of adaptive and innate immunological cell subtypes, with varying prognostic implications across different cancer types. Recent advancements in immunotherapy underscore the importance of evaluating TILs as potential biological identifiers, particularly in the context of novel treatment strategies. In lung adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer, multiple immune cell types have been identified within the TME, influencing tumor classification, clinical outcomes, and patient survival. While prior research has demonstrated a correlation between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, few studies have examined their prognostic implications comprehensively.Building upon our previous work, where we constructed a signature matrix (Verma, 2024b.) and evaluated the fractions of 14 immune cell types in TCGA-LUAD data and performed ESTIMATE analysis to assess immune infiltration, stromal infiltration, and tumor purity (Verma, 2024a.), in this study, we investigate the association between immune cell infiltration patterns and the overall survival and prognosis of TCGA-LUAD patients across different histological subtypes and stages. Our findings aim to elucidate the immune cell types positively or negatively impacting patient outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma and inform future therapeutic approaches.
Analytical platform to validate microRNA biomarkers for cancer or disease with practically 100% sensitivity and specificity
Authors: Kanavarioti Anastassia , Rehman M. Hassaan , Qureshi Salma , Rafiq Aleena , Sultan Madiha 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWe developed a technology for detecting and quantifying trace nucleic acids using a bracketing protocol designed to yield a copy number with approximately ± 20% accuracy across all concentrations. The microRNAs (miRNAs) let-7b, miR-15b, miR-21, miR-375 and miR-141 were measured in serum and urine samples from healthy subjects and patients with breast, prostate, or pancreatic cancer. Detection and quantification were amplification-free and enabled using osmium-tagged probes and MinION, a nanopore array detection device. Combined serum from healthy men (Sigma‒Aldrich #H6914) was used as a reference. Total RNA isolated from biospecimens using commercial kits was used as the miRNA source. The unprecedented ± 20% accuracy led to the conclusion that miRNA copy numbers must be normalized to the same RNA content, which in turn illustrates (i) independence from age, sex, and ethnicity, as well as (ii) equivalence between serum and urine. miR-21, miR-375 and miR-141 copies in cancers were 1.8-fold overexpressed, exhibited zero overlap with healthy samples and had a p value of 1.6×10-22, tentatively validating each miRNA as a cancer biomarker. miR-15b was confirmed to be cancer-independent, whereas let-7b appeared to be a cancer biomarker for prostate and breast cancer, but not for pancreatic cancer.
A Novel Multi-strain Vaginal Synbiotic is Effective in Optimizing the Vaginal Microbiome: Results from a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Ravel Jacques , Greenwood Jaswa Eleni , Gottfried Sara , Greene Miriam , Kellogg-Spadt Susan , Gevers Dirk , Harper Diane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research letter describes the results of a clinical trial of a novel vaginal synbiotic comprising threeL. crispatusstrains and a supportive nutrient complex. Results indicated that administration of the synbiotic led to an optimal vaginal microbiome dominated byL. crispatus(CST I) and additionally reduced the abundance of microbes associated with vaginal dysbiosis and the abundance ofCandida, the most common source of vaginal yeast infections.
A Natural History Study of Timothy Syndrome
Authors: Timothy Katherine W. , Bauer Rosemary , Larkin Kerry A. , Walsh Edward P. , Abrams Dominic J. , Corcia Cecilia Gonzalez , Valsamakis Alexandra , Pitt Geoffrey S. , Dick Ivy E. , Golden Andy 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTTimothy syndrome (OMIM #601005) is a rare disease caused by variants in the geneCACNA1C. Timothy syndrome patients were first identified as having a cardiac presentation of Long QT and syndactyly of the fingers and/or toes, and an identical variant inCACNA1C, Gly406Arg. However, since this original identification, more individuals harboring diverse variants inCACNA1Chave been identified and have presented with various cardiac and extra-cardiac symptoms. Furthermore, it has remained underexplored whether individuals harboring canonical Gly406Arg variants in mutually exclusive exon 8A (Timothy syndrome 1) or exon 8 (Timothy syndrome 2) have additional symptoms. Here, we describe the first Natural History Study for Timothy syndrome, providing a thorough resource describing the current understanding of disease manifestation in Timothy syndrome patients. Parents of Timothy syndrome children were queried regarding a wide-ranging set of symptoms and features via a survey. Importantly, we find that in addition to cardiac concerns, Timothy syndrome patients commonly share extra-cardiac features including neurodevelopmental impairments, hypoglycemia, and respiratory problems. Our work expands the current understanding of the disorder to better inform the care of Timothy syndrome patients.
ROLE OF cfDNA AND ctDNA TO IMPROVE THE RISK STRATIFICATION AND THE DISEASE FOLLOW-UP IN PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIAL CANCER: TOWARDS THE CLINICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Casas-Arozamena Carlos , Vilar Ana , Cueva Juan , Arias Efigenia , Sampayo Victoria , Diaz Eva , Oltra Sara S , Moiola Cristian Pablo , Cabrera Silvia , Cortegoso Alexandra , Curiel Teresa , Abalo Alicia , Serrano Mónica Pamies , Domingo del Pozo Santiago , Padilla-Iserte Pablo , Arnaez de la Cruz Marta , Hernández Alicia , García-Pineda Virginia , Ruiz Bañobre Juan , López Rafael , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Colás Eva , Gil-Moreno Antonio , Abal Miguel , Moreno-Bueno Gema , Muinelo-Romay Laura 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn the past years, there has been a rise on advanced endometrial cancers (EC) patients resulting in mortality increase. To overcome this trend, it is essential to improve the stratification of the risk of post-surgery recurrence and to anticipate the development of disease relapse and resistance to treatment. Liquid biopsy analyses represent a promising tool to address these clinical challenges, however, the best strategy to efficiently apply them in the context of EC must be better defined. Therefore, the study was designed to determine the value of cfDNA/ctDNA monitoring to improve the clinical management of patients with localized and recurrent disease.Material & MethodsPlasma samples and the uterine aspirate (UA) from 198 patients with EC were collected in different Spanish hospitals at surgery and throughout the course of the disease. The genetic landscape of UAs was characterized using targeted sequencing. Total cfDNA was isolated from all plasma samples, quantified, and analysed for the presence of ctDNA based on the mutational profile found on the UAs.ResultsThe genetic characterization of UAs obtained at surgery allowed the identification of pathogenetic variants in the 95,45% of the tumours and ctDNA levels could be monitored in the 89,4% of the patients. High levels of cfDNA and detectable levels of ctDNA at baseline correlated with poor prognosis, for both DFS (p-value<0.0001; HR=9,25) and DSS (p-value<0.0001; HR=11,20). Importantly, this approach remains clinically significant when stratifying tumours based on histopathological risk factors, highlighting its additional value to identify patient with a poor evolution. In fact, cfDNA/ctDNA analysis served to identify patients who showed early post-surgery relapse. Moreover, longitudinal analyses of cfDNA/ctDNA proved to be a powerful asset to identify patients undergoing relapse, months prior to the arisen of any clinical evidence.ConclusionThis study represents the most comprehensive study on cfDNA/ctDNA characterization in EC and demonstrates its value to improve the risk stratification and anticipate the disease relapse in patients with localized disease. Besides, the dynamic ctDNA assessment showed utility to complement the current strategies to monitor disease evolution and the response to treatment. Implementation of cfDNA/ctDNA monitoring into the clinical routine will provide an unique opportunity to improve EC management.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
X-COVNet: Externally Validated Model for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Pneumonia-Like Lung Diseases in Chest X-Rays Based on Deep Transfer Learning
Authors: Pazos Jorge Félix Martínez , Gonzales Jorge Gulín , Lorenzo David Batard , García Arturo Orellana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince the appearance of COVID-19, the accurate diagnosis of pneumonia-type lung diseases by chest radiographs has been a challenging task for experts, mainly due to the similarity of patterns between COVID-19 and viral or bacterial pneumonia. To address this challenge, a model for the computer-aided diagnosis of chest X-Rays has been developed in this research. This model might contribute to substantially increasing the accuracy of the diagnosis. This approach is based on supervised learning using neural networks, where the quality of the result depends on the quality of the dataset used during training. Image data augmentation techniques, hyperparameter adjustments and dropout layer contributed to achieve high performance values on test data in multi-class classification. The experiments conducted to evaluate the model yielded that it detects and classifies domain classes with an accuracy of 99.45% on training data, 99.27% on validation data and 99.06% on selected test data. The main contribution of this paper is X-COVNet a new Deep Convolutional Neural Network model using Deep Transfer Learning through the Xception architecture for the assisted diagnosis of COVID-19, pneumonia or healthy patients, trained on COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Database and evaluated through two external databases, which give the model novelty within the lack of external validation in all the literature reviewed.
Mortality Classification for Deaths that Follow the Use of Non-Firearm Force by Police: A National Cross-Sectional Study (United States, 2012-2021)
Authors: Feldman Justin M. , Lloyd Tracey , Solomon Phillip Atiba 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMortality classification for deaths in US police custody has important consequences for epidemiologic monitoring and legal outcomes. Prior literature suggests in-custody death classification is inconsistent and may not reflect non-firearm force that preceded death.MethodsWe analyzed the Associated Press “Lethal Restraint” national dataset (United States, 2012-2021; N = 1,036), which included deaths following police use of non-firearm force. Our primary outcomes included whether the death investigator: (1) classified manner of death as a homicide, (2) mentioned a force-related injury/condition in the cause-of-death statement, and (3) mentioned any force. Inverse-probability-weighted logistic models estimated the association of these outcomes with death-investigator jurisdiction type, local political composition (quartile of Republican Party vote %), decedent race/ethnicity, and each agency’s prior classifications.FindingsWe removed 96 deaths based on exclusion criteria. Of the remaining 940 deaths, 28.5% were classified as homicide, 16.5% had cause-of-death statements mentioning a force-related injury/condition, and 42.6% mentioned any force. In contrast, 73.9% of statements mentioned drugs. Unadjusted results showed homicide classification increased from 25.0% in 2012-2014 to 32.2% in 2018-2021. Models estimating adjusted prevalence differences (aPD) showed that, compared to medical examiner jurisdictions, coroners (aPD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.31, - 0.06) and sheriff-coroners (a PD: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.28, -0.05) were less likely to classify deaths as homicides. Model results also showed that classifications for incidents occurring in the least-Republican counties were most likely to reflect force across all three manner and cause outcomes.InterpretationNon-homicide classifications and cause-of-death statements making no mention of force were widespread for US in-custody deaths. We identified novel evidence suggesting coroner and sheriff-coroner jurisdictions were especially unlikely to categorize in-custody deaths as homicides, and that incidents occurring in highly Republican counties were least likely to reflect force in the cause or manner of death.FundingBlue Meridian Partners Justice and Mobility Fund
Single-cell and spatiotemporal profile of ovulation in the mouse ovary
Authors: Huang Ruixu , Kratka Caroline Elisabeth , Pea Jeffrey , McCann Cai , Nelson Jack , Bryan John P. , Zhou Luhan Tracy , Russo Daniela D. , Zaniker Emily J. , Gandhi Achla H. , Shalek Alex K. , Cleary Brian , Farhi Samouil L. , Duncan Francesca E. , Goods Brittany A. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryOvulation is a spatiotemporally coordinated process that involves several tightly controlled events, including oocyte meiotic maturation, cumulus expansion, follicle wall rupture and repair, and ovarian stroma remodeling. To date, no studies have detailed the precise window of ovulation at single-cell resolution. Here, we performed parallel single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics on paired mouse ovaries across an ovulation time course to map the spatiotemporal profile of ovarian cell types. We show that major ovarian cell types exhibit time-dependent transcriptional states enriched for distinct functions and have specific localization profiles within the ovary. We also identified gene markers for ovulation-dependent cell states and validated these using orthogonal methods. Finally, we performed cell-cell interaction analyses to identify ligand-receptor pairs that may drive ovulation, revealing previously unappreciated interactions. Taken together, our data provides a rich and comprehensive resource of murine ovulation that can be mined for discovery by the scientific community.
Genome Report: A chromosome-level genome assembly of the varied leaved jewelflower,Streptanthus diversifolius,reveals a recent whole genome duplication
Authors: Davis John T. , Li Qionghou , Grassa Christopher J. , Davis Matthew , Strauss Sharon Y. , Gremer Jennifer R. , Rieseberg Loren H. , Maloof Julin N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Streptanthoid complex, a clade of primarilyStreptanthusandCaulanthusgenera in the Thelypodieae tribe (Brassicaceae) is an emerging model system for ecological and evolutionary studies. This Complex spans the full range of the California Floristic Province including desert, foothill, and mountain environments. The ability of these related species to radiate into dramatically different environments makes them a desirable study subject for exploring how plant species expand their ranges and adapt to new environments over time. Ecological and evolutionary studies for this complex have revealed fascinating variation in serpentine soil adaptation, defense compounds, germination, flowering, and life history strategies. Until now a lack of available genomic resources has hindered the ability to relate these phenotypic observations to their underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms. To help remedy this situation we present here a chromosome-level genome assembly ofStreptanthus diversifolius, a member of the Streptanthoid Complex, developed using Illumina, Hi-C, and HiFi sequencing technologies. Construction of this assembly also provides further evidence to support the previously reported recent whole genome duplication unique to the Thelypodieae tribe. This whole genome duplication may have provided individuals in the Streptanthoid Complex the genetic arsenal to rapidly radiate throughout the California Floristic Province and to occupy commonly inhospitable environments including serpentine soils.
Segregation between an ornamental and a disease driver gene provides insights into pigment cell regulation
Authors: Soria Erika , Lu Qiusheng , Boswell Will , Du Kang , Xing Yanting , Boswell Mikki , Weldon Korri S , Lai Zhao , Savage Markita , Schartl Manfred , Lu Yuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic interactions are adaptive within a species. Hybridization can disrupt such species-specific genetic interactions and creates novel interactions that alter the hybrid progeny overall fitness. Hybrid incompatibility, which refers to degenerative genetic interactions that decrease the overall hybrid survival, is one of the results from combining two diverged genomes in hybrids. The discovery of spontaneous lethal tumorigenesis and underlying genetic interactions in select hybrids between divergedXiphophorusspecies showed that lethal pathological process can result from degenerative genetic interactions. Such genetic interactions leading to lethal phenotype are thought to shield gene flow between diverged species. However, hybrids between certainXiphophorusspecies do not develop such tumors. Here we report the identification of a locus residing in the genome of oneXiphophorusspecies that represses an oncogene from a different species. Our finding provides insights into normal and pathological pigment cell development, regulation and molecular mechanism in hybrid incompatibility.SignificanceThe Dobzhansky–Muller model states epistatic interactions occurred between genes in diverged species underlies hybrid incompatibility. There are a few vertebrate interspecies hybrid cases that support the Dobzhansky–Muller model. This study reports a fish hybrid system where incompatible genetic interactions are involved in neuronal regulation of pigment cell biology, and also identified a novel point of regulation for pigment cells.
CountASAP: A Lightweight, Easy to Use Python Package for Processing ASAPseq Data
Authors: Boughter Christopher T. , Chatterjee Budhaditya , Ohta Yuko , Gorga Katrina , Blair Carly , Hill Elizabeth M. , Fasana Zachary , Adebamowo Adedola , Ammar Farah , Kosik Ivan , Murugan Vel , Chen Wilbur H. , Singh Nevil J. , Meier-Schellersheim Martin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTDeclining sequencing costs coupled with the increasing availability of easy-to-use kits for the isolation of DNA and RNA transcripts from single cells have driven a rapid proliferation of studies centered around genomic and transcriptomic data. Simultaneously, a wealth of new techniques have been developed that utilize single cell technologies to interrogate a broad range of cell-biological processes. One recently developed technique, transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC) with select antigen profiling by sequencing (ASAPseq), provides a combination of chromatin accessibility assessments with measurements of cell-surface marker expression levels. While software exists for the characterization of these datasets, there currently exists no tool explicitly designed to reformat ASAP surface marker FASTQ data into a count matrix which can then be used for these downstream analyses. To address this, we created CountASAP, an easy-to-use Python package purposefully designed to transform FASTQ files from ASAP experiments into count matrices compatible with commonly-used downstream bioinformatic analysis packages. CountASAP takes advantage of the independence of the relevant data structures to perform fully parallelized matches of each sequenced read to user-supplied input ASAP oligos and unique cell-identifier sequences.