bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations on structural and opto-electrical characterization of Ag-TCNQ (metal-organic frameworks) as complex thin films for potential device applications
Authors: Dawood Mahmoud S , Hassan N M , Desoky W M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The silver- (7, 7, 8, 8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (Ag-TCNQ) organometallic complex was synthesized chemically as a nano-powder and thereafter deposited as a thin film by thermal evaporation. The monoclinic, needle-like, polycrystalline structure of the Ag-TCNQ complex was analyzed employing x-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Whereas their chemical structure and stability were explored using Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) techniques. The findings imply a charge transfer of degree −0.5 between TCNQ° and TCNQ−, as revealed by the shift of the bands of the C≡N stretching and the (C═C-H) bond positioned at 2198 and 824 cm−1, respectively. As well as the optical properties of Ag-TCNQ thin film were studied using spectrophotometric measuring in the wavelength ranging 200 to 2500 nm. The measurement of transmittance and reflectance spectra were employed to calculate the refractive index (n), dielectric constant, absorption index (k), surface and volume energy loss functions, and optical conductivity. In the normal dispersion zone, optical characteristics such free charge carrier concentration, infinity dielectric constant (ε
∞), lattice dielectric constant (ε
L), oscillator energy (Eo), and dispersion energy (Ed) were estimated. Furthermore, the optoelectronic nonlinear optical features and electronic transitions for the Ag-TCNQ thin film were assessed. Finally, these findings are promising milestones on the path to providing convincing evidence for the synthesis of stoichiometric thermally stable Ag-TCNQ thin film by conventional thermal evaporation technique that is potential to be utilized in optoelectronic devices applications.
A review on Comparative study of using Silica Fume and Areca Fiber on Soil Stabilization
Authors: Yaniam Yowa , Kalita Ajanta , Tashi Kunchok , Perme Tadgi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The rapid expansion of urban areas and the rise in construction activities have led to a shortage of land with suitable soil conditions. This has forced people to utilize weak soils available locally for construction purposes, employing various stabilization techniques. Urban expansion and construction demand the utilization of local weak soils for building, necessitating the application of soil stabilization techniques. These methods enhance soil strength by altering its properties. This study evaluates silica fume and areca fiber as stabilizers. Silica fume is a pozzolanic and supplementary cementitious material that enhances material properties such as strength, durability, and resistance to chemical attacks and abrasion. Few studies have examined areca fiber as soil reinforcement. Areca fiber (20-30 mm in length) upto 0.6% of dry weight of soil significantly improves engineering properties of soil. Varied weight ratios of silica fume and areca fiber are used based on soil type for optimal conditions. Silica fume stabilizes, and areca fiber reinforces problematic soil, as demonstrated through compaction, UCS, and CBR tests. Utilizing such waste materials is a cost-effective and more sustainable approach in the field of engineering. This research investigates the compaction and strength properties of various problematic soils stabilized with silica fume and areca fiber, providing a comprehensive review of the findings.
Analytical Simulation Approach to Evaluate the Ambient Humidity Effects on the Performance of a Wind Accelerator
Authors: Al-Hinai Abdulhamid , Clement Varaprasad Karu , Vinod Kumar V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The power production of wind turbines is experiencing an upward trend. However, on the other hand, the wind turbine’s performance slows down due to unseen changes in the environment. Humidity is one of the environmental factors affecting the performance of wind turbines. When humidity levels are high in the atmosphere, air is less dense. This air is lighter, and it results in reduced air pressure. A remedy to increase the air pressure in the direction of wind flow is to locate a wind accelerator, an aerodynamic device before the wind turbine to amplify the incoming wind speed and reduce the impact of humidity on the wind energy. This study intends to investigate the impact of environmental humidity on the performance of the wind accelerator. The study includes modelling the wind accelerator using Ansys 2023R1, to simulate different humidity levels. An analytical simulation is conducted to describe the aerodynamic behaviour of the wind accelerator in response to the changes in ambient humidity. The air at different percentage levels of humidity is passed through the proposed wind accelerator geometry to observe the wind speed variation and kinetic energy of the wind. The simulation study reveals that the wind speed and kinetic energy show higher values when the humidity is at a lower level, while the opposite is true when the humidity is higher. This emphasizes how important it is to consider all environmental elements while designing and developing wind turbines and wind accelerators for optimal performance subjected to various climatic conditions.
Analysis of The Impact of Ballast Water Disposal on Marine Pollution in Mt. Star Valiant
Authors: Zulaikah S , Kendek M , Tudang A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research aims to know the supervision of the 1st Officer towards the ship’s crew/ABK when discharging ballast water on the MT. Star Valiant. This research was carried out from 03 December 2020 to 24 November 2021 on a ship when the author carried out research at MT. Star Valiant. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method, namely an analysis of a collection of data that focuses on interviews and observations to determine the performance of loading and unloading workers and the factors that influence it. The author collects data by approaching the object with direct observation and interviews with the subject. The results of the research and discussion of the problem regarding pollution from ballast water discharge at the port, where when the ballast water is discharged, it mixes with oil due to a lack of supervision by the deck crew regarding the disposal of ballast water, so that the ship receives a warning from the terminal at the port. After this warning, the ship was able to take action to prevent more widespread oil pollution in the port and stop the discharge of ballast water and the officer on duty at that time instructed the oiler to check the condition of the cargo pipe and ballast pipe in the pump room after holding checking by the oiler found that the valve that separated the ballast pipe and the cargo pipe was not tight enough, resulting in contamination between oil and sea water and resulting in sea water pollution around the port.
Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa VK30 capable of degradation of Triton X-100
Authors: Pham Thien Thu , Kiefer Rudolf , Nguyen Ngoc Tuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Triton X-100 is widely used in various industrial and commercial products. The harmful effects of Triton X-100 on aquatic organisms have experimentally been shown. In this study, we isolated twelve bacteria from polluted water and soil samples, demonstrating the ability to utilize Triton X-100 as their exclusive carbon and energy source. Strain VK30, distinguished by its effective Triton X-100 utilization, underwent further investigation and was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa through 16S rRNA gene analysis. The degradation of Triton X-100 was validated via UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis. These findings suggest that strain VK30 can be a promising candidate for remediation of Triton X-100.
Life’s Essential 8, genetic susceptibility and the risk of psoriatic disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ouyang Fujun , Yang Honghao , Di Zhenghong , Hu Jiahao , Ding Yuan , Ji Chao , Liu Yashu , Chen Liangkai , Xia Yang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Psoriatic disease (PsD) is closely associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease. The Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) score is a new metric to assess CV health (CVH), where a higher score indicates better CVH. However, the longitudinal association between LE8 score and the risk of PsD remains uncertain.

Objectives
To investigate, in a cohort study, the association between LE8 score, genetic susceptibility and the risk of PsD.

Methods
This cohort study included 261 642 participants in the UK Biobank without PsD at baseline. LE8 comprises eight indicators: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between participants’ LE8 scores, genetic risk of PsD and the risk of PsD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results
During an average follow-up of 12.3 years, 1501 participants developed PsD. Compared with participants with low LE8 scores, the HRs of developing PsD for those with moderate and high LE8 scores were 0.51 (95% CI 0.43–0.59) and 0.34 (95% CI 0.27–0.42) after adjustments, respectively. Dose–response analysis revealed a linear negative association between continuous LE8 score and the risk of developing PsD (P &lt; 0.001), with no evidence of nonlinear association detected. Genetic susceptibility to PsD did not modify this association (P­interaction = 0.63). Subgroup analyses revealed that women had a more pronounced beneficial association between LE8 scores and PsD risk (P­interaction = 0.02).

Conclusions
Our study suggests that a higher LE8 score, regardless of genetic risk, is associated with a lower risk of PsD, particularly in women. Consequently, maintaining good CVH status is recommended to prevent PsD and assess associated risks.
Chikungunya fever’s chromatic chronicle: a kaleidoscope of pigmentary alterations
Authors: Palaniappan Vijayasankar , Gopinath Hima , Karthikeyan Kaliaperumal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chikungunya fever (CKF), a neglected tropical disease caused by the chikungunya virus, manifests with skin pigmentary changes in a significant portion of people. A myriad of pigmentary alterations in individuals with CKF have been documented in the literature. This review highlights the pathogenesis, clinical features, histopathology, diagnosis and treatment of CKF-associated pigmentation. Notable presentations include the ‘Chik sign’ often seen in neonates and children. Treatment involves reassurance and topical agents for persistent pigmentation. Understanding these pigmentary changes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management, facilitating improved patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize therapeutic strategies.
Extracellular vesicles: an emerging tool for wild immunology
Authors: Espejo Camila , Ezenwa Vanessa O 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The immune system is crucial for defending organisms against pathogens and maintaining health. Traditionally, research in immunology has relied on laboratory animals to understand how the immune system works. However, there is increasing recognition that wild animals, due to their greater genetic diversity, lifespan, and environmental exposures, have much to contribute to basic and translational immunology. Unfortunately, logistical challenges associated with collecting and storing samples from wildlife, and the lack of commercially available species-specific reagents have hindered the advancement of immunological research on wild species. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanoparticles present in all body fluids and tissues of organisms spanning from bacteria to mammals. Human and lab animal studies indicate that EVs are involved in a range of immunological processes, and recent work shows that EVs may play similar roles in diverse wildlife species. Thus, EVs can expand the toolbox available for wild immunology research, helping to overcome some of the challenges associated with this work. In this paper, we explore the potential application of EVs to wild immunology. First, we review current understanding of EV biology across diverse organisms. Next, we discuss key insights into the immune system gained from research on EVs in human and laboratory animal models and highlight emerging evidence from wild species. Finally, we identify research themes in wild immunology that can immediately benefit from the study of EVs and describe practical considerations for using EVs in wildlife research.
Contemporary management of borderline left ventricle
Authors: Albrahimi Ergida , Korun Oktay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Borderline left ventricle cases present considerable difficulties in determining the most effective surgical approaches. The evolution of approaches in the field has shifted from classical systemic pulmonary shunts to orthodox univentricular palliation and has subsequently seen the emergence of biventricular repair concepts. The concept of biventricular repair for borderline left heart conditions has developed through studies that aim to establish predictive scoring systems for identifying appropriate candidates. Despite continuous efforts, a definitive scoring system for guiding this decision is still difficult to find. There is a growing trend to provide neonatal patients with borderline ventricles with options other than univentricular palliation. Several centres have developed personalized strategies, including hybrid and staged ventricular recruitment approaches. These strategies provide sufficient time for personalized decision-making, taking into account the individual circumstances of each patient. This article presents an overview of the changing approaches to borderline left ventricular cases. It discusses the use of predictive scoring systems and emphasizes the advancements in staged strategies that improve the likelihood of successful biventricular repairs.
Reprogramming of RNA m6A Modification Is Required for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Development
Authors: Liu Weidong , Wang Yuhua , Yao Shuxin , Han Guoqiang , Hu Jin , Yin Rong , Zhou Fuling , Cheng Ying , Zhang Haojian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hematopoietic homeostasis is maintained by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and it is tightly controlled at multiple levels to sustain the self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential of HSCs. Dysregulation of self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs leads to the development of hematologic diseases, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms of HSC maintenance and the development of hematologic malignancies is one of the fundamental scientific endeavors in stem cell biology. N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common modification in mammalian messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and plays important roles in various biological processes. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the RNA m6A methylome of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) in AML. We found that RNA m6A modification regulates the transformation of long-term HSCs into short-term HSCs and determines the lineage commitment of HSCs. Interestingly, m6A modification leads to reprogramming that promotes cellular transformation during AML development, and LIC-specific m6A targets are recognized by different m6A readers. Moreover, the very long chain fatty acid transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily D member 2 (ABCD2) is a key factor that promotes AML development, and deletion of ABCD2 damages clonogenic ability, inhibits proliferation, and promotes apoptosis of human leukemia cells. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of m6A in regulating cell state transition in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, and identifies ABCD2 as a key factor in AML development.
Microbial consortium assembly and functional analysis via isotope labelling and single-cell manipulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degraders
Authors: Li Jibing , Luo Chunling , Cai Xixi , Zhang Dayi , Guan Guoqing , Li Bei , Zhang Gan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Soil microbial flora constitutes a highly diverse and complex microbiome on Earth, often challenging to cultivation, with unclear metabolic mechanisms in situ. Here, we present a pioneering concept for the in situ construction of functional microbial consortia (FMCs) and introduce an innovative method for creating FMCs by utilizing phenanthrene as a model compound to elucidate their in situ biodegradation mechanisms. Our methodology involves single-cell identification, sorting, and culture of functional microorganisms, resulting in the formation of a precise in situ FMC. Through Raman-activated cell sorting–stable-isotope probing, we identified and isolated phenanthrene-degrading bacterial cells from Achromobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp., achieving precise and controllable in situ consortia based on genome-guided cultivation. Our in situ FMC outperformed conventionally designed functional flora when tested in real soil, indicating its superior phenanthrene degradation capacity. We revealed that microorganisms with high degradation efficiency isolated through conventional methods may exhibit pollutant tolerance but lack actual degradation ability in natural environments. This finding highlights the potential to construct FMCs based on thorough elucidation of in situ functional degraders, thereby achieving sustained and efficient pollutant degradation. Single-cell sequencing linked degraders with their genes and metabolic pathways, providing insights regarding the construction of in situ FMCs. The consortium in situ comprising microorganisms with diverse phenanthrene metabolic pathways might offer distinct advantages for enhancing phenanthrene degradation efficiency, such as the division of labour and cooperation or communication among microbial species. Our approach underscores the importance of in situ, single-cell precision identification, isolation, and cultivation for comprehensive bacterial functional analysis and resource exploration, which can extend to investigate MFCs in archaea and fungi, clarifying FMC construction methods for element recycling and pollutant transformation in complex real-world ecosystems.
“If Foreign, Then Cleaner”: Individual Corruption Perceptions and Support for Free Trade in Developing Nations
Authors: Shi Dihan , Rosas Guillermo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Extant literature on public opinion in international political economy documents the role that domestic corruption perceptions play in the formation of mass attitudes toward a range of integration-related foreign policies. Based on this precedent, we conjecture that corruption perceptions also affect opinions toward free trade. We build on a heuristic approach to attitude formation where individual perceptions of corruption among the political elite trigger positive attitudes toward foreign countries, firms, and products, what we refer to as a “foreignness cue.” This cue drives individuals with high perceptions of corruption to be more supportive of free trade. Based on survey data from eighteen Latin American countries, we demonstrate that higher levels of perceived domestic corruption are associated with greater support for free trade. Causal mediation analysis provides additional evidence that positive attitudes toward foreign countries and firms are a conduit through which the corruption perceptions effect operates. We also offer evidence of external validity of the main effect by analyzing additional surveys on a distinct set of less and more developed countries. Our heuristic-based model of support for free trade complements theories based on material self-interest as a basis for attitude formation in the realm of trade policy.
Establishment of a new subfamily for the parasitic isopod genusPleurocryptella(Isopoda: Bopyridae), including recognition of epicaridium larval yolk sacs and description of a new genus and species of hyperparasite
Authors: Williams Jason D , Boyko Christopher B , Stewart Eva C D 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExternal yolk sacs in free-living larvae of marine invertebrates are extremely rare, with all reported cases exhibiting yolk that is taken up through connection with the anterior alimentary canal. Herein, we confirm a novel yolk sac connected to the posterior end of the alimentary canal in the first larval stage of species in the bopyrid isopod genus PleurocryptellaBonnier, 1900, all known as ectoparasites in the branchial chambers of squat lobsters. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. infesting the munidopsid Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885 in the Arabian Sea, is described on the basis of adults and larvae. In common with conspecifics, the new species exhibits a suite of putative “primitive” characters including the presence of oostegites on the sixth and seventh pereomeres of females and maxillipeds and articulated uropods in males. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. differs from other species of Pleurocryptella by characters of body shape, antennae, oostegite 1, pleon, and uropods of females and midventral tubercles, pleomeres, and pleopods of males. The epicaridium larvae have a large posterior, external yolk sac and segmented maxillipeds, a unique set of characters within Epicaridea. In addition to larval and adult characters, molecular data (COI) indicate that the genus is distinct from other members of Bopyridae, so we erect the new subfamily Pleurocryptellinae for it. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. bears a new genus and species of hyperparasitic isopod that is herein described based on its cryptoniscus stage. A review of epicaridium larval morphology and a key to the species of Pleurocryptella are provided.
A rare case of solitary fibrous tumor of the lung parenchyma: case report
Authors: Afreen Sumayya , Wu Xiyi , Miranda Maria Emilia Espinoza , Lazarevic Milenko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the lung is a rare neoplasm, usually originating from lung pleura. We present a case report of a 57-year-old male with no significant medical history who was incidentally diagnosed with an SFT of lung parenchyma on chest computed tomography scan. Radiological imaging revealed a well-defined mass in the left lower lobe of the lung. Biopsy and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor. This case highlights the importance of considering SFT in the differential diagnosis of lung masses, as its clinical presentation and radiological features can mimic those of more common pulmonary malignancies.
Cosmic-ray confinement in radio bubbles by micromirrors
Authors: Ewart Robert J , Reichherzer Patrick , Bott Archie F A , Kunz Matthew W , Schekochihin Alexander A 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Radio bubbles, ubiquitous features of the intracluster medium around active galactic nuclei, are known to rise buoyantly for multiple scale heights through the intracluster medium (ICM). It is an open question how the bubbles can retain their high-energy cosmic-ray content over such distances. We propose that the enhanced scattering of cosmic rays due to micromirrors generated in the ICM is a viable mechanism for confining the cosmic rays within bubbles and can qualitatively reproduce their morphology. We discuss the observational implications of such a model of cosmic-ray confinement.