bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entosis implicates a new role for P53 in microcephaly pathogenesis, beyond apoptosis
Authors: Sterling Noelle A. , Cho Seo‐Hee , Kim Seonhee 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEntosis, a form of cell cannibalism, is a newly discovered pathogenic mechanism leading to the development of small brains, termed microcephaly, in which P53 activation was found to play a major role. Microcephaly with entosis, found in Pals1 mutant mice, displays P53 activation that promotes entosis and apoptotic cell death. This previously unappreciated pathogenic mechanism represents a novel cellular dynamic in dividing cortical progenitors which is responsible for cell loss. To date, various recent models of microcephaly have bolstered the importance of P53 activation in cell death leading to microcephaly. P53 activation caused by mitotic delay or DNA damage manifests apoptotic cell death which can be suppressed by P53 removal in these animal models. Such genetic studies attest P53 activation as quality control meant to eliminate genomically unfit cells with minimal involvement in the actual function of microcephaly associated genes. In this review, we summarize the known role of P53 activation in a variety of microcephaly models and introduce a novel mechanism wherein entotic cell cannibalism in neural progenitors is triggered by P53 activation.
Cholecystokinin neurotransmission in the central nervous system: Insights into its role in health and disease
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Wang Huajie , Waris Abdul , Qianqian Gao , Chen Xi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCholecystokinin (CCK) plays a key role in various brain functions, including both health and disease states. Despite the extensive research conducted on CCK, there remain several important questions regarding its specific role in the brain. As a result, the existing body of literature on the subject is complex and sometimes conflicting. The primary objective of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in understanding the central nervous system role of CCK, with a specific emphasis on elucidating CCK's mechanisms for neuroplasticity, exploring its interactions with other neurotransmitters, and discussing its significant involvement in neurological disorders. Studies demonstrate that CCK mediates both inhibitory long‐term potentiation (iLTP) and excitatory long‐term potentiation (eLTP) in the brain. Activation of the GPR173 receptor could facilitate iLTP, while the Cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) facilitates eLTP. CCK receptors' expression on different neurons regulates activity, neurotransmitter release, and plasticity, emphasizing CCK's role in modulating brain function. Furthermore, CCK plays a pivotal role in modulating emotional states, Alzheimer's disease, addiction, schizophrenia, and epileptic conditions. Targeting CCK cell types and circuits holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for alleviating these brain disorders.
Premature mortality for patients after completely resected early adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or stomach
Authors: Bollschweiler Elfriede , Hölscher Arnulf H. , Markar Sheraz R. , Alakus Hakan , Drebber Uta , Mönig Stefan Paul , Plum Patrick Sven 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the life expectancy burden of esophago‐gastric cancer by analyzing years of life lost (YLL) for a Western patient population after treatment of early esophageal (EAC) or early gastric (GAC) adenocarcinoma.BackgroundFor patients with early EAC or GAC, the short‐term prognosis after surgical resection is very good. Little data is available regarding long‐term prognosis when compared to the general population.MethodsTwo hundred and fourteen patients with pT1 EAC (n = 112) or GAC (n = 102) were included in the study. Patients with EAC underwent transthoracic en‐bloc esophagectomy; those with GAC had total or subtotal gastrectomy with D2‐lymphadenectomy. Surviving patients had a median follow‐up of approximately 14 years. YLL was calculated using average life expectancy data from Germany.ResultsPatients with EAC were younger (median age 61 years) than those with GAC (66 years) (p = 0.031). The male:female ratio was 10:1 for EAC and 3:2 for GAC (p < 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis showed the age of the patients ≥60 years and the existence of lymph node metastasis was associated with poor prognosis.The median YLL for all patients who died over follow‐up was 8.0 years. For patients under 60 years, it was approximately 20 years, and for older patients, approximately 5 years (p < 0.001) without difference in tumor stage between these age cohorts. YLL did not differ for GAC vs. EAC.ConclusionAfter surgical resection, the prognostic burden as measured by YLL is relevant for all patients with early esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas and especially for younger patients. Reasons for YLL need further studies.
Extraction Kinetics of Brazilian Green Propolis and Chemical Characterization of its Volatiles
Authors: Baptista Pereira Debora , de Souza Alves Nataly , Oliveira Silva Eliane , de Menezes Epifanio Neide Mara , Siqueira de Almeida Chaves Douglas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPropolis is a natural resinous product produced by Apis mellifera bees from the exudates of various plants. The color of propolis (green) is a consequence of its botanical origin, as bees collect young tissues and leaves of Baccaris dracunculifolia. This study evaluated the chemical composition and extraction kinetics of essential oils obtained from Brazilian green propolis by hydrodistillation. Hydrodistillation was performed for 360 min and analyzed at different times (30, 60, 120, 240, and 360 min), allowing the calculation of the accumulated content (% w/w) and the identification of the essential oil chemical profile. The GC/FID and GC/MS analysis led to the annotation of 60 compounds with estragole (13.30 %), benzyl propanoate (14.59 %), and (E)‐nerolidol (13.57 %) as the main compounds. The optimum conditions for extraction of phenylpropanoids (PP), hydrocarbons (HD), monoterpenes (MT), and oxygenated monoterpenes (OMT) are between 30 and 120 min. In comparison, sesquiterpenes (ST) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OST) are extracted more efficiently between 240 and 360 min. The optimal extraction speed determination is essential for industrial‐scale processing to obtain components such as sesquiterpenes, which have a high economic value in the cosmetic/perfumery and pharmaceutical industries.
Designing and Synthesis of Novel Fexofenadine‐Derived Hydrazone‐Schiff Bases as Potential Urease Inhibitors: In‐Vitro, Molecular Docking and DFT Investigations
Authors: Ayaz Muhammad , Alam Aftab , Zainab  , Elhenawy Ahmed A. , Ur Rehman Najeeb , Ur Rahman Sajjad , Ali Mumtaz , Latif Abdul , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Ahmad Manzoor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThirteen novel hydrazone‐Schiff bases (3–15) of fexofenadine were succesfully synthesized, structurally deduced and finally assessed their capability to inhibit urease enzyme (in vitro). In the series, six compounds 12 (IC50=10.19±0.16 μM), 11 (IC50=15.05±1.11 μM), 10 (IC50=17.01±1.23 μM), 9 (IC50=17.22±0.81 μM), 13 (IC50=19.31±0.18 μM), and 14 (IC50=19.62±0.21 μM) displayed strong inhibitory action better than the standard thiourea (IC50=21.14±0.24 μM), while the remaining compounds displayed significant to less inhibition. LUMO and HOMO showed the transferring of charges from molecules to biological transfer and MEP map showed the chemically reactive zone appropriate for drug action are calculated using DFT. AIM charges, non‐bonding orbitals, and ELF are also computed. The urease protein binding analysis benefited from the docking studies.
Eruptive xanthoma as a warning sign of uncontrolled hypertriglyceridemia presenting with acute pancreatitis and uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Shrestha Ankit , Bam Prabin Kumar , Pandit Aakash , Shrestha Hari , Koirala Melisha 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageManaging diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in individuals with severe dyslipidemia necessitates a comprehensive approach. While rehydration and continuous insulin infusion are fundamental components of DKA management due to the underlying insulin deficiency, the presence of severe hyperlipidemia with eruptive xanthomas warrants additional consideration. Early initiation of lipid‐lowering agents can expedite the resolution of cutaneous lesions and substantially mitigate the risk of severe complications such as pancreatitis, along with attenuating long‐term cardiovascular risks.AbstractXanthomas are the benign lesions which are generated by localized lipid deposits in the skin, tendons, and subcutaneous tissue. They appear clinically as yellowish papules, nodules, or plaques. Acute pancreatitis and eruptive xanthomas can occur as complications of hyperlipidemia. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in one of the risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia. Early recognition and treatment of the eruptive xanthomatosis as a warning sign of hypertriglyceridemia can decrease the morbidity and mortality due to acute pancreatitis. Here, we discuss a case of 37‐years old female patient with uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus presented with acute pancreatitis and eruptive xanthomas as result of raised triglycerides and uncontrolled diabetes.
Comps: Content analysis of doctoral comprehensive exam policies and procedures
Authors: Arnold Amanda C. , DeDiego Amanda C. , Li Minyi , Keys Ashton , Pipp Anastasia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe doctoral comprehensive exam is a common benchmark in counselor education doctoral programs. The current study examined policies and procedures for comprehensive exams in CACREP‐accredited counselor education doctoral programs. Using conventional qualitative content analysis, researchers analyzed CACREP‐accredited doctoral program student handbooks to determine common practices for conducting comprehensive exams.
Exploring the impact of an anti‐oppressive social justice internship curriculum
Authors: Merlin‐Knoblich Clare , Harper Sherée , Vázquez Maylee , Perry Jennifer , Glover Brittany 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this qualitative case study, we implemented an anti‐oppressive, social justice curriculum in a school counseling internship course and then explored its impact on participants (N = 3) as school counseling students and full‐time school counselors. We identified 11 themes that reflect how the curriculum impacted participants as students and school counselors.
Adherence to PRISMA 2020 statement assessed through the expanded checklist in systematic reviews of interventions: A meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Ivaldi Diego , Burgos Mariana , Oltra Gisela , Liquitay Camila E. , Garegnani Luis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement was developed to improve the reporting of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta‐analyses. Due to the suboptimal reporting of the 2009 version, an update was performed and published in 2021. Despite having been evaluated in studies published before its publication, its adherence in SRs of interventions published after 2021 remains unclear.ObjectiveTo assess PRISMA 2020 statement adherence and its uptake in SRs of interventions.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cross‐sectional study searching MEDLINE (PubMed), including a 10% random sample of all SRs involving human interventions published since January 2022 retrieved by our search process. We did not apply any restrictions. We assessed PRISMA 2020 statement uptake and its adherence using its expanded checklist.ResultsWe included 222 out of 945 studies. 67 (30.18%) used PRISMA 2020 statement. None adhered completely, with an average adherence of 42.64% (Min–Max: 14.29%–76.19%). Results and Methods sections had low adherence, with 40.57% (Min–Max: 10.45%–98.51%) and 25.55% (Min–Max: 7.46%–55.22%) respectively. The items with the least adherence were: certainty and reporting bias assessment, excluded studies characteristics and search strategy with 7.46% (5/67), 8.96% (6/67), 10.45% (7/67), and 11.94% (8/67) respectively.DiscussionAs in previous studies, our study showed low adherence, mainly to the methods and results sections. However, our study showed a lower adherence, probably due to the use of the expanded checklist to assessed the tools adherence.ConclusionWe found a low adherence rate to the PRISMA 2020 expanded checklist. Further PRISMA dissemination and targeted audience training are needed to improve SR reporting and quality.
Discovering of Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters by High‐Throughput Syntheses Platform
Authors: Tang Li , Wang Li , Wang Bin , Pei Yong , Wang Shuxin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the complete structure of noble metal nanoclusters is both academically and practically significant. However, progress has been hindered by the low synthetic efficiency of many nanocluster syntheses. In this study, we present the first high‐throughput syntheses of homo‐gold, homo‐copper, and gold‐copper alloy nanoclusters in dichloromethane at room temperature. Through high‐throughput screening, we successfully obtained three nanoclusters in a single reaction: Au18(SC6H11)14, [Au41Cu66(SC6H11)44](SbF6)3, and an unidentified copper cluster (referred to as Au18, Au41Cu66, and Cu−NC). The optimized synthesis route was achieved with the assistance of machine learning for experimental data analysis, which also guided the synthesis of other metal nanoclusters such as Au40Cu34(4‐S‐PhF)40 (Au40Cu34), [Au6Cu6(SPh)12]n ([Au6Cu6]n), and Au18Cu32(3,5‐C8H9S)36 (Au18Cu32)). This research demonstrates that high‐throughput screening can be a valuable tool in accelerating the development of nanocluster syntheses.
Silyliumylidene Ion Stabilized by Two σ‐Donating Ni(0)‐ and Pd(0)‐Fragments
Authors: Takahashi Shintaro , Kazama Yugo , Nakata Norio , Baceiredo Antoine , Hashizume Daisuke , Saffon‐Merceron Nathalie , Branchadell Vicenç , Kato Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA silyliumylidene ion 2 stabilized by two σ‐donating Ni(0)‐ and Pd(0)‐fragments was successfully synthesized. Due to the σ‐donation of M→Si interactions, 2 presents a pyramidalized cationic silicon center with a localized lone pair. The additional coordination of basic Pd(0) fragment to the mono‐Ni(0)‐stabilized silyliumylidene 1 results in a higher HOMO level and an unchanged HOMO‐LUMO gap and thus, 2 remains highly reactive. Interestingly, the coordination mode at the Si center is closely related to the nature of M‐ligands. Indeed, the donor/donor‐stabilized silyliumylidene ion 2 has been transformed into a donor/acceptor‐stabilized ion 13, featuring a trigonal planar Si center with a vacant orbital, just via a ligand exchange reaction from PCy3/NHC toward PMe3.
Identification of Potential Drug Targets of Calix[4]arene by Reverse Docking
Authors: Giugliano Giulia , Gajo Margherita , Marforio Tainah Dorina , Zerbetto Francesco , Mattioli Edoardo Jun , Calvaresi Matteo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCalixarenes are displaying great potential for the development of new drug delivery systems, diagnostic imaging, biosensing devices and inhibitors of biological processes. In particular, calixarene derivatives are able to interact with many different enzymes and function as inhibitors. By screening of the potential drug target database (PDTD) with a reverse docking procedure, we identify and discuss a selection of 100 proteins that interact strongly with calix[4]arene. We also discover that leucine (23.5 %), isoleucine (11.3 %), phenylalanines (11.3 %) and valine (9.5 %) are the most frequent binding residues followed by hydrophobic cysteines and methionines and aromatic histidines, tyrosines and tryptophanes. Top binders are peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors that already are targeted by commercial drugs, demonstrating the practical interest in calix[4]arene. Nuclear receptors, potassium channel, several carrier proteins, a variety of cancer‐related proteins and viral proteins are prominent in the list. It is concluded that calix[4]arene, which is characterized by facile access, well‐defined conformational characteristics, and ease of functionalization at both the lower and higher rims, could be a potential lead compound for the development of enzyme inhibitors and theranostic platforms.
Anti‐PD‐L1 antibody TQB2450 combined with tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor AL2846 for immunotherapy‐refractory advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective phase 1b cohort study
Authors: Ning Tao , Li Danyang , Deng Ting , Bai Yuxian , Chen Ye , Wang Zhiyu , Hu Bin , Ba Yi , Lu Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundEffective systemic therapy remains limited for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly after prior failed treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Theoretically, a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with ICIs may restore immunotherapy sensitivity.MethodsIn this phase 1b study, patients received AL2846, an antiangiogenic TKI with multiple targets (c‐MET, VEGFR1, c‐KIT, Axl, RET, KDR, and VEGFR3), in combination with an anti–PD‐L1 antibody (TQB2450) until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, death, or discontinuation for any cause. The primary end points included overall response rate (ORR) and safety, with secondary end points encompassing progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and duration of response.ResultsBetween November 2021 and September 2022, 18 patients with ESCC and 15 patients with HCC, whose ORR was 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1%–32.8%) and 0%, respectively, were enrolled. Adverse events (AEs) of any grade and treatment‐related AEs were documented in 32 patients (97.0%) and 31 patients (93.9%), respectively. Grade 3 or higher AEs were observed in 10 patients (30.3%), with vomiting (6.1%) and infectious pneumonia (9.1%) being the most prevalent. Median PFS and OS values were 3.22 months (95% CI, 1.35–5.68 months) and 5.98 months (95% CI, 3.71–8.87 months), respectively, in patients with ESCC, and 5.55 months (95% CI, 2.66 months to not evaluable [NE]) and 16.72 months (95% CI, 4.86 months to NE), respectively, in patients with HCC. The DCRs were 66.7% (95% CI, 43.75%–83.72%) in patients with ESCC and 73.3% (95% CI, 48.05%–89.10%) in patients with HCC.ConclusionsCombined TQB2450 and AL2846 therapy exhibited a favorable safety profile in immunotherapy‐refractory patients with advanced ESCC and HCC.
Detection of pneumonia in chest X‐ray image based on separable convolutional neural network
Authors: Luo Gongkun , Wang Zhiwen , Wang Yuhang , Wang Kuangquan 
Published: May 2024

SummaryPneumonia disease progress rapidly leading to missed diagnosis and diagnosis error. However, it is significant to be diagnosed accurately as well as adopted timely treatments, particularly for children and elderly people over 65. In the first place, we propose a novel method for data augmentation to expand non‐case samples in order to solve the problem of imbalance of the raw data. Then we have designed a neural network based on separable convolution layers, using deep learning to classify between Pneumonia cases and normal cases from chest X‐ray images. Finally, well‐known performance measures are utilized to evaluate our model, obtaining the following results: Accuracy (0.97), AUC (0.99), Sensitivity (0.98), Specificity (0.98), Precision (0.95), F1‐Score (0.97), and Youden Index (0.90). Simultaneously, we highlighted the proposed neural network recognition area via Class Activation Method for the purpose of providing an explainable diagnosis. Compared with the‐state‐of‐art models, our model performed better, and it may be regarded as an alternative in countries or regions lack of the relevant equipment and professional radiologists.
Reversible Photochromism of 4,4’‐Disubstituted 2,2’‐Bipyridine in the Presence of SO3
Authors: Filbin Connor J. , Haque Md Hasanul , Locke Cameron K. , Mallon Christopher J. , Curtis Kevin , Osho Kemi E. , Borotto Nicholas B. , Tucker Matthew J. , Odoh Samuel O. , Yang Ying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report an unusual photochromic behavior of 4,4′‐disubstituted‐2,2′‐bipyridine. It was found that in the presence of a SO3 source and HCl, 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′‐dibutyl ester undergoes a color change from yellow to magenta in solution with maximum absorbance at 545 nm upon irradiation with 395 nm light. The photochromism is thermally reversible in solution. Different from the known bipyridine‐based photoswitching pathways, the photo response does not involve any metal which form colored complexes or the formation of colored free radical cations like the photo‐reduction of viologens. A combination of experimental and computational analysis was used to probe the mechanism. The results suggest the colored species to be a complex formed between N‐oxide of the 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′‐dibutyl ester and SO2; the N‐oxide and SO2 are formed from photoactivated oxidation of the bipyridine with SO3 serving as the oxygen source. This complex represents a new addition to the library of photoswitches that is easy to synthesize, reversible in solution, and of high fatigue resistance, making it a promising candidate for applications in photo‐switchable materials and SO3 detection. We also demonstrated experimentally similar photochromic behaviors with 2,2’‐bipyridine‐containing polymers.
Vibrational Relaxation of D2O Induced by Collision with He: A Rigid Bender Close Coupling Study
Authors: García‐Vázquez Ricardo Manuel , Cabrera‐González Lisán David , Alpizar Otoniel Denis , Stoecklin Thierry 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe vibrational relaxation of the first excited bending state of D2O induced by collision with He is studied at the close coupling level and using the Rigid Bender approximation. A new 4D potential energy surface is calculated and reported for this system. It is then used to determine the low‐lying bound states of the D2O−He van der Waals complex and to perform scattering calculations. Collision rates are determined for pure rotational transitions as well as for rovibrational transitions within the first excited bending state. The results are compared with those obtained for the collision of D2O with other noble gases such as Ne and Ar. We also analyse the differences observed with respect to the H2O+He collisions and compare our results with experiment.
Super‐Resolution Imaging of Clickable Lipids With Lipid Expansion Microscopy (LExM)
Authors: White‐Mathieu Brittany M. , Baskin Jeremy M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFluorescent imaging of cellular membranes is challenged by the size of lipid bilayers, which are smaller than the diffraction limit of light. Recently, expansion microscopy (ExM) has emerged as an approachable super‐resolution method that requires only widely accessible confocal microscopes. In this method, biomolecules of interest are anchored to hydrogel‐based, polymeric networks that are expanded through osmosis to physically separate and resolve features smaller than the diffraction limit of light. Whereas ExM has been employed for super‐resolution imaging of proteins, DNA, RNA, and glycans, the application of this method to the study of lipids is challenged by the requirement of permeabilization procedures that remove lipids and compromise the integrity of the membrane. Here, we describe our recently developed protocols for lipid expansion microscopy (LExM), a method that enables ExM of membranes without permeabilization. These detailed protocols and accompanying commentary sections aim to make LExM accessible to any experimentalist interested in imaging membranes with super‐resolution. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: LExM of alkyne‐choline lipidsBasic Protocol 2: LExM of IMPACT‐labeled lipidsBasic Protocol 3: LExM of clickable cholesterolBasic Protocol 4: Determining the expansion factor