bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P02-137 - Sensitivity of Referential Thinking Scale (REF scale) Detecting Changes in the Therapeutic Evolution
Authors: Fernández-Jiménez E. , Senín-Calderón M.C. , Benítez-Hernández M.M. , Rodríguez-Testal J.F. , Fuentes-Márquez S. , Valdés-Díaz M. 
Published: June 2010

In previous works we found that REF scale (Lenzenweger et al., 1997) is a stable and reliable measure (Rodríguez-Testal et al., 2009).ObjectivesIn this study we assess the sensitivity of REF scale to detect the disorganization of patient's mental state longitudinally.MethodsParticipants: It's a 35-year-old man diagnosed with Schizotypal Personality Disorder. He had a psychotic breakdown and he is being treated with haloperidol. The psychological intervention is cognitive type.Design, materials and procedure: We used an experimental adaptation of the REF-scale. This self-applied scale consists of 34 items that evaluate the referential thinking in Likert format. We employed a longitudinal design (brief time-series). C Young (p < 0.01) was used for the statistical analysis of the data and the method of least squares to obtain the trend line. We included 103 measures registered at an interval of 3 days.ResultsIt's observed a significant declining trend in the whole of the measures both intensity and frequency from the beginning of therapy. However, we observed a significant declining trend in intensity but not in frequency when we analyzed the data from the 50th measurement, which was the period during which the patient got worse.ConclusionsIt's confirmed again that the REF-scale is a stable and reliable measure. It's able to detect changes in the patient's evolution of the referential thinking from the beginning of therapy. In addition, the REF-scale is sensitive detecting decompensations in patients. Therefore, we conclude REF scale is a useful measure for the subsequent decision-making therapeutic.
P02-139 - Effect of Group Therapy of Social Skills on the Referencial Thinking
Authors: Senín-Calderón M.C. , Rodríguez-Testal J.F. , Fernández-Jiménez E. , Benítez-Hernández M.M. , Fuentes-Márquez S. , Valdés-Díaz M. 
Published: June 2010

AntecedentsIn previous works we used the REF scale of referential thinking as criterion of therapeutic evolution (Benítez-Hernández et al., 2006; Rodríguez-Testal et al., 2009).Objectives and hypothesesWe designed a group therapy of social skills for monitoring and modification of the referential thinking. We predict a decrease of referential thinking (frequency and intensity) both in pretest and posttest measures for each session, as in the progress of the all sessions as a whole.MethodsParticipants: 5 women from 24 to 38 years old with the diagnoses: Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia and history of Sexual Abuse; generalized Social Phobia; Avoidance Personality Disorder; Bipolar I Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Avoidance Personality Disorder. It's employed a longitudinal design (brief time-series) of REF measurement (frequency and intensity) at a weekly interval. C Young (p < 0.01) was used for the statistical analysis of the data, t (paired samples) and the method of least squares to obtain the trend line.Results#1: frequency-posttest (p=.01).#2: intensity-pretest (p =.01); intensity-posttest, C =.663 (p< .01).#3: intensity-pretest, C =.772 (p< .01), intensity-posttest, C =.681 (p< .01).#4: frequency-pretest, C =.695 (p< .01), frequency- posttest, C =.74 (p< .01).#5: frequency-pretest and frequency-posttest (p>.01).ConclusionsPreliminary analysis indicates an improvement of referential thinking in the frequency and intensity both intra and inter-sessions. More therapy sessions are needed to reflect a change statistically significant.
P02-142 - Association Between Affective Temperamets and Impulsivity in the Group of Healthy Volunteers and Remitted Bipolar Outpatients
Authors: Šprah L. , Dolenc B. , Dernovšek M.Z. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAffective temperaments (measured by the TEMPS-A) have been proved to be associated with major mood disorders, implying that these temperament types represent the subclinical manifestations of affective disorders and an increased vulnerability to pathological mood regulation. However, less attention was paid to the association of affective temperaments with trait impulsivity, which is commonly associated with clinical picture of bipolar mood disorder. The aim of our study was to assess the associations between affective temperaments and impulsivity among healthy volunteers and remitted bipolar outpatients.Methods1096 students, 31 euthymic bipolar outpatients and 31 healthy controls were self assessed with Barratt Impulsivity Scale and Slovenian version of TEMPS-A questionnaire.ResultsOur data revealed positive correlation between impulsivity and cyclothymic and irritable temperament and negative correlation between impulsive behaviour and hyperthymic temperament. Depressive and anxious temperament proved to be positively linked with attentional and negatively with motor and nonplanning impulsivity. Furthermore, mean scores on depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament subscales as well as on attentional and motor impulsiveness and general impulsive score were significantly higher in the group of bipolar outpatients.ConclusionsOur results are in agreement with several studies where authors emphasized that elevated depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperamental scores as well as impulsive behaviour could indicate a vulnerability to pathological mood regulation during the remission phase of bipolar disorder. The results also brought to light some important connections between temperamental traits and impulsivity, indicating that both domains could be relevant in early diagnostic picture for affective disorders.
P02-144 - Subjective Well-being Under Neuroleptics (SWN): a Predictor of Clinical and Psychosocial Outcome in Acute Patients. Preliminary Data
Authors: Zeppegno P. , Allera O. , Prosperini P. , Colombo M. , Porro M. , Lombardi A. , Gili S. , Feggi A. , Torre E. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo evaluate the subjective well-being of a group of patients who were hospitalized at the Institute of Psychiatry (Novara), compared to the severity of illness.MethodsPatients are evaluated at admission and discharge through self-administration of the SWN (Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptics) scale, which contains five subscales (emotional regulation; self-control; mental functioning; social integration and physical functioning) assessing patients’ psychophysical and emotional well-being, calculating a value for each subscale and a total score. The clinician fills in the CGI (Clinical Global Impression) for each patient, which provides a global judgement in three areas: severity of illness, global improvement and therapeutic effectiveness.ResultsFrom June 2009, 51 patients were evaluated at admission and discharge: 26 diagnosed with psychosis and 25 diagnosed with personality disorders. Preliminary data suggest a meaningful improvement of the physical functioning in the psychotic group, a tendency to improvement of the social integration area in the personality disorders group. Among the psychotic group, the schizophrenic patients (n°=14) have shown an improvement in the self-control subscale.ConclusionsLiterature suggests that a high SWN score is associated with a better compliance and an early improvement of subjective well-being is a major predictor of the chance of remission. This study will allow to compare the subjective well-being evaluated by SWN with the clinical judgment of the CGI and above all if this can represent a predictor index for the compliance and the chance of remission.
P02-149 - Computerized Tomography Diagnoses Amongst Alcohol Dependant Male Inpatients Clinicaly Treated
Authors: Hasanović M. , Pajević I. , Softić R. , Kuldija A. , Kravić N. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo assess the frequency of silent brain infarcts and cerebral cortical atrophy in male alcohol dependant psychiatric patients in post war Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH).MethodsWe analyzed twenty male alcohol dependant patients who were treated in the Department of Psychiatry in University Clinical Centre Tuzla during one year period (July 2007-July 2008), and to whom Computerized Tomography (CT) scan of neuro-cranium were done, according to age, war engagement, brain trauma, employment, smoking and presence of silent strokes and cerebral cortical atrophy. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsAverage age of the group of patients studied was 48.8±6.0 years, and 13/20 was hospitalized for the first time. Eleven of 20 were engaged as soldiers during the 1992-95 war in BH. Four of them were wounded and two of them had air-blast injury and head stroke without concussion. Fourteen of twenty were unemployed, and two of them were retired. Only one was admitted with alcoholic delirium. Eleven of twenty were cigarette smokers. Half of them had CT objectified silent stroke, and sixteen of twenty had generalized brain cortical atrophy. Brain cortical atrophy was significantly negatively associated with war engagement, while silent stroke were positively associated with age of patients.ConclusionBrain cortical atrophy and silent brain stroke are frequent findings in computerized tomography of the brain in psychiatric patients with alcohol dependency.
P02-150 - Behavioral Control Processes in Adult ADHD: Evidence from a Simultaneous EEG/fMRI-study
Authors: Karch S. , Thalmeier T. , Lutz J. , Cerovecki A. , Hock B. , Opgen-Rhein M. , Leicht G. , Hennig-Fast K. , Meindl T. , Mulert C. , Riedel M. , Pogarell O. 
Published: June 2010

Executive functions comprise various cognitive abilities including the inhibition of prepotent responses and voluntary decisions. Several studies showed medial-frontal activations in tasks with the free selection of responses. The inhibition of prepotent response tendencies seems to be associated with medial frontal as well as lateral frontal BOLD responses. The aim of this simultaneous EEG and fMRI study was to discriminate the neural correlates of behavioural control processes in ADHD.8 adults with ADHD and 8 matched healthy subjects performed a go/nogo task comprising three different conditions: during the go condition, subjects were instructed to press a response button as fast as possible; during the nogo condition, this response was to be inhibited. In the voluntary selection task participants were allowed to freely decide, whether to press the response button or not.The fMRI protocol used a gradient-echo EPI pulse sequence. Further analyses were done with using the BrainVoyager software package (Goebel, Maastricht). EEG signals were simultaneously recorded (Brain Products, Munich).Electrophysiologically, the nogo task and voluntary decision task led to a negative decline especially in fronto-central brain regions (N2) in both groups. Regarding the functional MRI data we found inhibition-associated BOLD responses especially medial-frontal in the pre-SMA and activations in the medial part of BA 8 for the voluntary selection. ADHD patients showed a reduced contribution of frontal brain regions during free responses compared to controls.The results may indicate that selection processes are related with dysfunctions predominantly in frontal brain regions in ADHD patients.
P02-152 - Dissociable Limbic and Prefrontal Neural Responses to Sad Facial Expressions Mediate Disease Expression and Resilience in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Lelli-Chiesa G. , Kempton M.J. , Jogia J. , Frangou S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesWe wished to examine whether patterns of neural engagement during emotional processing could distinguish patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) from their relatives with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and their psychiatrically healthy relatives.MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected during a sad facial affect recognition task from 41 remitted BD patients, 40 of their first degree relatives (15 of whom had MDD) and 51 healthy controls. Data were analysed in SPM5.ResultsA)Compared to controls, all individuals with genetic predisposition to BD showed increased activation in temporal lobe regions.B)Compared to BD patients, MDD relatives had reduced activation in the left posterior cingulate (BA31) and the orbitofrontal cortex (BA11)C)Compared to their healthy relatives, BD patients showed increased activation in somatosensory cortices bilaterally (BA3 and BA5) and in the posterior cingulate gyrus (BA30) on the left and reduced activation in the right cerebellum and the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA47).D)Compared to their healthy relatives, MDD relatives showed reduced activation in the left superior frontal gyrus (BA10).ConclusionsOur results suggest that:(a)genetic predisposition to BD was associated with increased activation in distal nodes of the ventral visual pathway within the temporal lobe(b)disease expression for mood disorders was associated with reduced neural responses in the PFC(c)resilience in healthy relatives was associated with enhanced PFC engagement(d)loci identified showed partial specificity for different clinical phenotypes indicative of partially segregated processes underpinning disease and resilience for mood disorders.
P02-156 - Abnormal Brain Perfusion Among Cocaine Addicts
Authors: Silveira D.X. , Santos J.G. , Labigalini E. , Baribieri A. , Doering-Silveira E. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionCocaine use is related to several cardiovascular conditions. Vasoconstriction seems to be particularly harmful to the brain.ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between the pattern of cocaine use and cerebral perfusion among cocaine addicts.MethodA sample of 30 cocaine addicts was studied using 99 m-Tc-HMPAO SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography with injection of 99 m-Tc-hexametilpropilenoamina-oxime). Their cerebral perfusion pattern was then compared with their pattern of cocaine use.ResultsEighty percent of the sample presented some degree of impairment in brain perfusion, either focal or diffuse. There was no difference between sniffers and crack smokers regarding their perfusion patterns. No relationship could be established between the severity of SPECT abnormalities and the amount of drug consumption or the duration of abstinence. However, duration of cocaine use did correlate with the severity of cerebral perfusion (Spearman correlation coefficient: r = 0.45, p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study documents the high frequency of cerebral functional impairment in cocaine addicts and establishes the relationship between duration of cocaine exposure and severity of perfusion abnormalities.
P02-157 - Brain Dysfuntion in Borderline Personality Disorder: a DTI Study in Males Participants
Authors: Tajima-Pozo K. , Anta Tejado L. , Molina-Ruiz R. , Casado A. , Yus M. , Arrazola J. , Diaz-Marsa M. , Carrasco-Perera J.L. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a relatively new imaging technique that is being increasingly used in different types of psychiatric patologies to characterize white matter microstructural organization in this kind of disorders. In the present study we use DTI to explore the structure of the white matter of borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients, using a novel voxel-based approach, tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), to analyze the data.Methods and materialsDTI was performed in a 1.5T MRI unit in 9 young male patients with a DSM-IV defined BPD and 14 healthy male control subjects (no significant age difference between groups).Voxel wise analysis was performed using TBSS (diffusion toolbox of FSL- functional MRI Software Library) to localize regions of white matter showing significant changes of fractional anisotropy (FA). Additional high resolution three dimensional datasets were also acquired and normalised white matter volume was estimated with SIENAX (part of FSL).ResultsThe TBSS analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in FA at the anterior part of the body and the genu of the corpus callosum and frontal white matter. This finding is consistent with previously reported findings of subtle prefrontal white matter abnormalities in BPD.ConclusionSignificant white matter tract alterations in patients with BPD where observed in frontal regions involved in emotional, behavioural and cognitive regulation, and these abnormalities may be linked to key aspects of psychopatology in these patients.
P02-159 - Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Baseline Brain Perfusion in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Wolf R.C. , Grön G. , Herrnberger B. , Sambataro F. , Schmid M. , Vasic N. , Osterfeld N.D. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionContinuous arterial spin labelling (cASL) is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging method increasingly used to study human brain function and perfusion physiology.ObjectivesIn this study, we investigated distinct patterns of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in MDD patients by means of resting state cASL.Methods11 healthy controls and 11 patients with MDD according to DSM-IV criteria were included. The individual cASL images underwent data preprocessing steps including the generation of perfusion-weighted images, followed by conversion to quantified CBF. An analysis of temporally coherent CBF patterns was performed using a spatial Independent Component Analysis.ResultsBoth groups showed distinct blood flow patterns in a medial frontoparietal and lateral temporal component (“default mode” network), a medial temporal and anterior cingulate component (“limbic” network) and bilateral prefrontal and parietal component (“cognitive” network). Within the “limbic” network, MDD patients showed a pattern of increased CBF in the bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal, cingulate, striatal and hippocampal regions. Within the “cognitive” network, MDD patients showed a pattern of increased CBF in left dorsolateral prefrontal and the inferior parietal areas. Decreased perfusion in MDD patients was found in the right precuneus, the right inferior parietal cortex, the left posterior cingulate and the left lateral temporal cortex.ConclusionsThese preliminary data demonstrate the sensitivity of cASL techniques for detecting resting state CBF changes in MDD patients. Thus, cASL studies in MDD could provide valuable information with regard to neurobiologically characterized endophenotypes, while resting state CBF measures could serve as objective predictors of treatment response in future studies.
P02-162 - Escitalopram Treatment of Fibromyalgia: a Pilot Study
Authors: Cetin M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of escitalopram, a selective inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia.MethodsTen patients with fibromyalgia were assessed prior to and after treatment with fixed-dose escitalopram 10 mg/d. Before initiation of pharmacotherapy, patients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. The study lasted for 12 weeks, and patients were evaluated in weeks 4, 8 and 12. The primary outcome measures were the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) total score and pain score. The anxiety and depression levels of the patients were measured with the Beck Depression, the Beck Anxiety, the Hamilton Anxiety, and the Hamilton Depression scales.ResultsThere was a significant improvement in the mean intensity of pain (P< 0.01) and in the disability caused by fibromyalgia (P< 0.01) from baseline to week 12 of treatment. The depression and anxiety scores also decreased significantly from baseline to week 12. The improvement in the FIQ scores did not correlate with the decrease of scores in both patient- and physician-rated depression and anxiety inventories. Change in pain scores also was not correlated with the change in depression and anxiety scores.ConclusionsEscitalopram was quite promising in alleviating the pain and disability associated with fibromyalgia. This effect seems to be independent of its anxiolytic and antidepressant properties.
P02-164 - Vulnerability's Factors of Smoking Addiction in the Medical and Paramedical Staff
Authors: Damak R. , Masmoudi J. , Feki A. , Mnif L. , Haj Kacem H. , Jaoua A. 
Published: June 2010

To determine the factors of vulnerability to the addiction to smoking to the medical and paramedical staff and to prevent them.Patients and methodsOur study concerned 100 medical and paramedical staffs practicing in the HEDI CHAKER HOSPITAL, SfaxA structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, somatic, psychiatric and the tobacco consumption data.We also used Hospital-Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale.ResultsThe population was consisted of 100 staffs of the health, distributed in two groupsGroup 1 (n = 50), regular or occasional smokersGroup 2 (n = 50), no-smoking witnessesThe mean age was 30 years. Sex-ratio (H/F) was 1.The smokers were single in 60%. They began to smoke in an average age of 16 years. Their motivations to smoke were mainly: curiosity (44%), decreasing stress (28%), searching pleasure (16%) and doing as the others (12%).The smokers, compared with witnesses, consumed more alcohol and reported more stress factors (divorce of the parents, the frequent quarrels in the family, financial difficulties).In our study, low self-esteem and anxiety were statistically correlated to the tobacco consumption (p=0.00).ConclusionIt emerges from this work that the addiction to smoking in the medical and paramedical staff is frequently associated with traumatic events, anxious disorder and low self-esteem.
P02-167 - Cognitive Alexithymia in an Adult Female with Ring Chromosome 21 Syndrome (R(21))
Authors: Egger J. , Verhoeven W. , van Bon B. , Hoischen A. 
Published: June 2010

A 30-year-old female patient with moderate mental retardation and minor dysmorphisms was referred for neuropsychiatric examination because of psychotic and autistic symptoms and impulsivity. She was born dysmaturally after an uncomplicated pregnancy. Postnatally, she developed cyanosis, feeding problems and recurrent urinary tract infections. Her developmental trajectory showed delayed milestones, speech retardation and restricted peer interactions resulting in special education from age 9. Behavioural problems because of sensory impairments induced paranoid ideation due to social misinterpretations, increasing from age 18.At referral, physical investigation revealed mild dysmorphisms, severe hearing loss and visual impairment, oestrogen deficiency, kyphoscoliosis, mild hypotonia and hyperlaxity of joints. Neuropsychological examination disclosed a disharmonic intellectual and social cognitive profile (total IQ: 50) with adequate performal capacities and marked cognitive alexithymia. No formal psychiatric diagnosis could be established. Karyotyping showed a de novo ring chromosome 21: 46,XX,der(21)r(21)(p11q22.3). High resolution array analysis of chromosome 21 demonstrated one interstitial duplication, two interstitial deletions and one terminal deletion.Ring chromosome 21 syndrome is a rare condition that may occur on a de novo basis or via parental transmission. Major characteristics of the phenotype are vulnerability to infections, mild facial dysmorphisms, infertility and kyphosis. In addition there may be congenital malformations of nearly all organ systems.The current case report demonstrates the importance of targeted high resolution micro array analysis in order to substantiate the genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with r(21) and stresses the importance of cognitive alexithymia as a potential cause for behavioural problems and psychiatric symptoms in patients with mental retardation.