bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐performance Liquid Chromatography–High‐definition Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Constituents in the Root of Radix Stemonae and those Absorbed in Blood after Oral Administration of the Extract of the Crude Drug
Authors: Dong Wei , Wang Ping , Meng Xiangcai , Sun Hui , Zhang Aihua , Wang Weiming , Dong Hui , Wang Xijun 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionRadix Stemonae, first recorded in the herbal ‘Additional Records of Famous Physicians’ (Mingyi Bielu), has been widely used as an oral anti‐tussive agent in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years in China. Current analysis methods are usually time‐consuming and inaccurate.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a more rapid and sensitive method to detect the active compounds in Radix Stemonae.MethodologyA rapid, sensitive and selective ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometric (UPLC–HDMS) method with automated data analysis software MetaboLynxTM was developed for analysis and identification of the bioactive components and their metabolites in rat plasma following oral administration of Radix Stemonae extract.ResultsTwenty‐nine compounds in the Radix Stemonae extract and 47 compounds in the rat plasma samples were detected in the MSE mode in a single injection within 21 min. Among the compounds detected, 23 were identified in vitro and 42 were identified in rat plasma, either by comparing the retention time and mass spectrometry data with those of reference compounds or by mass spectrometry analysis and retrieving the reference literature.ConclusionIt is concluded that the screening capability of MetaboLynxTM, together with the utilisation of MSE in structural elucidation, can facilitate a rapid and comprehensive detection and effective structural characterisation of Stemona alkaloids in Radix Stemonae extract, which could be applied to other Chinese medicine. The results provide helpful chemical information of Radix Stemonae extract for further pharmacology and active mechanism research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacovigilance teaching in UK undergraduate pharmacy programmes
Authors: Smith Melvyn P. , Webley Sherael D. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPurposePharmacists in the UK are able to report spontaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Authority. The level of reporting by UK pharmacists remains low. This could be explained by poor knowledge of ADR reporting. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the level of pharmacovigilance education provided to pharmacy students on undergraduate pharmacy programmes in the UK.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was used to obtain data relating to the teaching of pharmacovigilance within schools of pharmacy. The survey was designed to reveal whether core elements pertinent to pharmacovigilance and specifically to spontaneous reporting were taught and to what extent.ResultsAll of the respondents taught pharmacovigilance within an assessed compulsory module. A small number (23%) did not include pharmacovigilance law within their syllabus. In 54%, the amount of time devoted to teaching pharmacy students about their role in pharmacovigilance was less than 4 h in the 4‐year course; only one respondent spent approximately 20 h, the remaining respondents (38%) spent between 4 and 8 h.ConclusionsThe amount of time dedicated to the teaching of pharmacovigilance on pharmacy undergraduate degree programmes is low. Considering the importance of spontaneous reporting in drug safety and the shift in the role of the pharmacists, more time may need to be devoted to pharmacovigilance on pharmacy undergraduate courses. By doing so, new pharmacists would be more informed of the important role they play in drug safety and thereby potentially help enhance the level of ADR reporting. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlations of Bond and Breakage Parameters of Some Ores with the Corresponding Point Load Index
Authors: Aras Ali , Ozkan Alper , Aydogan Salih 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper presents significant correlations of the Bond parameter (work index, Wi and grindability, G) and the breakage parameters (specific rate of breakage, Si and the fineness value, γ) with the point load index (Is(50)). The experimental results obtained from calcite, barite, colemanite and bauxite samples have demonstrated that the Bond and breakage parameters were closely correlated with the point load index. That is, the values of G, Si and aT parameters decreased with the increase in the values of the point load index; however, the γ parameter of Bi,j increased with increasing Is(50) values.
Design of recombinant antibody microarrays for urinary proteomics
Authors: Kristensson Malin , Olsson Karolina , Carlson Joyce , Wullt Björn , Sturfelt Gunnar , Borrebaeck Carl A.K. , Wingren Christer 
Published: June 2012

PurposeUrinary proteomics has become a key discipline within clinical proteomics for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of disease, and biomarker discovery. In order to decipher complex proteomes, high demands will, however, be placed upon the methodology applied. The purpose of this study was to develop a recombinant antibody microarray platform for urinary proteomics.Experimental designWe adopted our previously in‐house developed recombinant antibody microarray set‐up and redesigned the platform for urinary proteomics. In this process, the key antibody array assay parameters, such as sample handling, sample labeling protocol, and assay conditions, etc, reflecting the unique properties of urine as sample format, were addressed and reoptimized in a step‐by‐step procedure.ResultsIn this proof‐of‐concept study, we have designed the first generation of a recombinant antibody microarray technology platform for urinary proteomics. The results showed that multiplexed, sensitive (pg/mL range), and reproducible urine protein expression profiling could be performed targeting directly labeled, nonfractionated urine.Conclusion and clinical relevanceWe have demonstrated that crude, directly labeled urine samples could be profiled in a rapid, reproducible, sensitive, and multiplexed manner after minimal sample prehandling. These findings could potentially pave the way for enhanced urinary proteomics and understanding of renal physiology with implications in both health and disease.
Interaction of acetic acid and phenylacetaldehyde as attractants for trapping pest species of moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Landolt Peter J , Tóth Miklós , Meagher Robert L , Szarukán István 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Phenylacetaldehyde is a flower volatile and attractant for many nectar‐seeking moths. Acetic acid is a microbial fermentation product that is present in insect sweet baits. It is weakly attractive to some moths and other insects, but can be additive or synergistic with other compounds to make more powerful insect lures.RESULTS: Acetic acid and phenylacetaldehyde presented together in traps made a stronger lure than either chemical alone for moths of the alfalfa looper Autographa californica (Speyer) and the armyworm Spodoptera albula (Walker). However, this combination of chemicals reduced captures of the cabbage looper moth Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), the silver Y moth Autographa gamma (L.), MacDunnoughia confusa (Stephens) and the soybean looper moth Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) by comparison with phenylacetaldehyde alone.CONCLUSION: These results indicate both positive and negative interactions of acetic acid, a sugar fermentation odor cue, and phenylacetaldehyde, a floral scent cue, in eliciting orientation responses of moths. This research provides a new two‐component lure for the alfalfa looper A. californica and for the armyworm S. albula for potential use in pest management. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Intrinsic spin Hall effect in silicene: transition from spin Hall to normal insulator
Authors: Dyrdał A. , Barnaś J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn intrinsic contribution to the spin Hall effect in two‐dimensional silicene is considered theoretically within the linear response theory and Green's function formalism. When an external voltage normal to the silicene plane is applied, the spin Hall conductivity is shown to reveal a transition from the spin Hall insulator phase at low bias to the conventional insulator phase at higher voltages. This transition resembles the recently reported phase transition in bilayer graphene. The spin–orbit interaction responsible for this transition in silicene is much stronger than in graphene, which should make the transition observable experimentally. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stabilization of a spatially non‐causal reaction–diffusion equation by boundary control
Authors: Guo C. , Xie C. , Zhou C. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYStabilization of a reaction–diffusion equation, in which the heat source depends on the temperature of the whole space, is considered by using boundary control. A new backstepping transformation is introduced, in which there are two kernels. Through a series of mathematical tricks, the exact solutions of kernels are obtained, and a control law is obtained specifically. The inverse transformation is derived, and stability of the closed loop system established. Simulation results show that the closed loop system is stable. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanoscale Line Segment Fabrication Using Super‐Resolution Near‐Field Photolithography
Authors: Yang Ching‐Been 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThis study proposed a method to combine near‐field photolithography (NFP) with thermally induced super‐resolution, and conducted simulation and analysis on nanoscale line segment fabrication. A theoretical model of optical metal film was used to calculate the transmittance of indium film during line segment fabrication. A theoretical heat transfer model was employed to analyze the exposure power density on the surface of the photoresist after laser beams penetrated the indium film. This study divided the photoresist into finite nodes. Through a simulation combining an exposure energy density formula, an exposure model, and a developmental model, we derived the theoretical width and profile of the line segment fabricated using super‐resolution NFP. The widths of the derived line segments were 88 nm for photoresist with indium coating and 130 nm without. The indium film accounted for a reduction in width of 32%. SCANNING 34: 284–294, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gadolinium‐Doped Silica Nanoparticles Encapsulating Indocyanine Green for Near Infrared and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sharma Parvesh , Bengtsson Niclas E. , Walter Glenn A. , Sohn Han‐Byul , Zhou Guangyin , Iwakuma Nobutaka , Zeng Huadong , Grobmyer Stephen R. , Scott Edward W. , Moudgil Brij M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractClinical applications of the indocyanine green (ICG) dye, the only near infrared (NIR) imaging dye approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA, are limited due to rapid protein binding, fast clearance, and instability in physiologically relevant conditions. Encapsulating ICG in silica particles can enhance its photostability, minimize photobleaching, increase the signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio and enable in vivo studies. Furthermore, a combined magnetic resonance (MR) and NIR imaging particulate can integrate the advantage of high‐resolution 3D anatomical imaging with high‐sensitivity deep‐tissue in‐vivo fluorescent imaging. In this report, a novel synthesis technique that can achieve these goals is presented. A reverse‐microemulsion‐based synthesis protocol is employed to produce 25 nm ICG‐doped silica nanoparticles (NPs). The encapsulation of ICG is achieved by manipulating coulombic attractions with bivalent ions and aminated silanes and carrying out silica synthesis in salt‐catalyzed, mildly basic pH conditions using dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT)/heptane/water microemulsion system. Furthermore, paramagnetic properties are imparted by chelating paramagnetic Gd to the ICG‐doped silica NPs. Aqueous ICG‐dye‐doped silica NPs show increased photostability (over a week) and minimal photobleaching as compared to the dye alone. The MR and optical imaging capabilities of these particles are demonstrated through phantom, in vitro and in vivo experiments. The described particles have the potential to act as theranostic agents by combining photodynamic therapy through the absorption of NIR irradiated light.
Regression test suite selection using dependence analysis
Authors: Ural Hasan , Yenigün Hüsnü 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYDependence analysis on an Extended Finite State Machine representation of the requirements of a system under test identifies various types of control and data dependencies between transitions caused by a set of modifications on the requirements. These particular types of dependencies capture the effects of the modifications, that is, their direct effects on the changed parts of the system and their side effects on the unchanged parts of the system. Recent work on model‐based regression testing shows that dependencies capturing direct effects and side effects of the changes made on the requirements can be used for regression test suite (RTS) reduction (reducing the size of a given test suite by eliminating redundancies), for RTS prioritization (ordering test cases in a given test suite for early fault detection), or for RTS generation (designing a test suite covering the identified dependencies). This paper proposes an additional use of such dependencies, namely, RTS selection, which is the process of selecting a subset of a given test suite to form an RTS by considering the coverage of dependencies related to the effects of the modifications. The dependencies marked during this process as uncovered provide a basis for augmenting an (incomplete) RTS with test cases covering uncovered dependencies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing Doublecortin Expression Promotes Migration of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons
Authors: Filipovic Radmila , Santhosh Kumar Saranya , Fiondella Chris , Loturco Joseph 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell-derived neuronal progenitors (hNPs) provide a potential source for cellular replacement following neurodegenerative diseases. One of the greatest challenges for future neuron replacement therapies will be to control extensive cell proliferation and stimulate cell migration of transplanted cells. The doublecortin (DCX) gene encodes the protein DCX, a microtubule-associated protein essential for the migration of neurons in the human brain. In this study, we tested whether increasing the expression of DCX in hNPs would favorably alter their proliferation and migration. Migration and proliferation of hNPs was compared between hNPs expressing a bicistronic DCX/IRES-GFP transgene and those expressing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene introduced by piggyBac-mediated transposition. The DCX-transfected hNPs showed a significant decrease in their proliferation and migrated significantly further on two different substrates, Matrigel and brain slices. Additionally, a dense network of nestin-positive (+) and vimentin+ fibers were found to extend from neurospheres transplanted onto brain slices, and this fiber growth was increased from neurospheres containing DCX-transfected hNPs. In summary, our results show that increased DCX expression inhibits proliferation and promotes migration of hNPs.
Three‐dimensional power Doppler ultrasound in cervical carcinoma: monitoring treatment response to radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Y.‐F. , Cheng Y.‐M. , Wu Y.‐P. , Chen H. H. W. , Hsu K.‐F. , Wu Y.‐H. , Chou C.‐Y. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo investigate, using three‐dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D‐PDU), alterations in cervical intratumoral vascularization during and after radiotherapy.MethodsBetween 2004 and 2009 we enrolled into the study 37 patients with FIGO Stages IB1–IIB cervical carcinoma who were undergoing radiotherapy. Serial 3D‐PDU scans were performed during treatment, providing ultrasonographic measurement of tumor size, vascularization index, flow index and vascularization flow index, as well as monthly for 3 months post‐treatment and tri‐monthly thereafter, until vascularity was undetectable on two consecutive occasions. Physical examination, cervical cytology and serum marker evaluation were performed every 3–6 months for the first 5 years following treatment. Patients evaluated after a 2‐year tumor‐free interval and those with clinically assessed positive findings at follow‐up underwent 3D‐PDU to detect possible local disease.ResultsA total of 329 3D‐PDU scans were performed in the 37 women. Cervical tumors and intratumoral vascularization disappeared within 3 months following radiotherapy, except in one patient with persistent disease. Nine patients had disease relapse, in four of whom the recurrence was local. In three of these four, there was recurrence of tumor and vascularization after a complete response. At follow‐up, 3D‐PDU detected local disease with 75.0% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity, while serum markers detected local disease among 34 patients with squamous cell carcinoma with 20.0% sensitivity and 77.3% specificity.ConclusionsCompared with serum markers in cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 3D‐PDU has higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting local recurrence or persistence in cervical carcinoma. Thus, 3D‐PDU combined with clinical assessment may be a new and safe method for monitoring radiotherapy treatment response and detecting local recurrence. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Intracycle variation in number of antral follicles stratified by size and in endocrine markers of ovarian reserve in women with normal ovulatory menstrual cycles
Authors: Deb S. , Campbell B. K. , Clewes J. S. , Pincott‐Allen C. , Raine‐Fenning N. J. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo quantify the intracycle variation in markers of ovarian reserve measured by antral follicle counts stratified by size using three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) in women with normal menstrual cycles.MethodsHealthy volunteers with normal menstrual cycles were prospectively recruited. Three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound examination and blood test were performed in early (F1) and mid‐follicular (F2) phases and in periovulatory (PO) and luteal (LU) phases of one menstrual cycle. Antral follicles were measured using ‘sonography‐based automated volume calculation’ with post processing (SonoAVC) and ovarian volume was measured using Virtual Organ Computer‐aided AnaLysis (VOCAL). Blood serum was processed for hormonal assays including AMH, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol. Repeated‐measures analysis was used to examine the variance in markers of ovarian reserve in different phases of one menstrual cycle.ResultsA total of 36 volunteers were included in the final analysis, of whom 34 attended all four visits. Repeated‐measures analysis showed a significant variation in total antral follicle count (AFC) (P < 0.001). However, on stratifying the antral follicles according to size using SonoAVC, a non‐significant variation (P = 0.382) was seen in small AFC (≤ 6.0 mm) and a significant variation (P < 0.001) was seen in large AFC (> 6.0 mm). The ovarian volume showed a significant intracycle variation (P < 0.001). A small but significant intracycle variation was noted in AMH (P = 0.041) and a significant variation was seen in levels of serum FSH, LH and estradiol (P < 0.05).ConclusionSmall antral follicles (≤ 6.0 mm) measured using 3D ultrasound and AMH show little intracycle variation and perhaps should be evaluated when predicting ovarian reserve independent of menstrual cycle.
Generalized convolution theorem associated with fractional Fourier transform
Authors: Shi Jun , Sha Xuejun , Song Xiaocheng , Zhang Naitong 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe fractional Fourier transform (FRFT)—a generalization of the well‐known Fourier transform (FT)—is a comparatively new and powerful mathematical tool for signal processing. Many results in Fourier analysis have currently been extended to the FRFT, including the ordinary convolution theorem. However, the extension of the ordinary convolution theorem associated with the FRFT has been developed differently and is still not having a widely accepted closed‐form expression. In this paper, a generalized convolution theorem for the FRFT is proposed, and the dual of it is also presented. The ordinary convolution theorem and some of its existing extensions related to the FRFT are shown to be special cases of the derived results. Moreover, some applications of the derived results are presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indigenous silver jewellery of Northern Patagonia (19th century): a first analytical approach to composite objects
Authors: Guerra Maria Filomena , Núñez‐Regueiro Paz 
Published: June 2012

A set of Mapuche–Tehuelche composite silver jewellery items, produced in the 19th century and collected in a same indigenous camp in 1896, belonging to the La Vaulx's collection held at the Musée du Quai Branly (Paris), was observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope and X‐radiography, and analysed by PIXE with a 3‐MeV external proton micro‐beam. We aimed to check if these jewels used daily by women evolved during their owners' lifetime, through the analysis of the alloys employed in their making and the silversmith's technologies.Results showed that the jewels were manufactured by different silversmiths, yet using the same workshop traditions. Silver‐based alloys of different compositions were identified. The presence of high Zn and Ni contents in many parts of certain items denotes the use of nickel silver alloys not by direct use of coins and native metals as expected but by remelting and reuse of coins and objects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global analysis of experimental constraints on a possible Higgs-like particle with mass ∼ 125 GeV
Authors: Ellis John , You Tevong 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

We perform a global analysis of the constraints on a possible Higgs-like particle with mass ∼ 125 GeV that are provided by the ATLAS, CDF, CMS and D0 experiments. We combine the available constraints on possible deviations from the Standard Model Higgs couplings to massive vector bosons and to fermions, considering also the possibilities of non-standard loop-induced couplings to photon and gluon pairs. We analyze the combined constraints on pseudo-dilaton scenarios and on some other scenarios in which the possible new particle is identified as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson in a composite electroweak symmetry-breaking sector.