bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc and degeneration of paravertebral muscle
Authors: Li Qiujiang , Long Xingxia , Wang Rui , Niu Pengying , Cai Lijun , Wang Lei , Song Yueming 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc and degeneration of paravertebral muscles[multifidus (MF), cervical semispinalis (SCer), semispinalis capitis (SCap) and splenius capitis (SPL)].Methods82 patients with chronic neck pain were randomly selected, including 43 males and 39 females, with 50.73 0.7.51 years old. All patients were scanned by 3.0T MRI Philips Ingenia performed conventional MRI sequence scanning and fat measurement sequence mDIXON-Quant scanning of cervical. Fat infiltration (FI) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of cervical paravertebral muscle (MF, SCer, SCap and SPL) at central level of C5–6 disc were measured by Philips 3.0T MRI image post-processing workstation. According to Pfirrmann grading system, there was no grade I in the included cases. The number of grade IIr IV cases were n=16, 40, 19 and 7 respectively. CSA and FI of cervical paravertebral muscles were compared with t test or one-way ANOVA, Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between age, disc degeneration, and CSA, FI of cervical paravertebral muscles, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of CSA and FI.ResultsCSA of cervical paravertebral muscles in male patients was significantly higher than that in female patients (all P&lt;0.001), but there was no significant difference in FI (all P&gt;0.05). Age was weakly correlated with CSA of MF+SCer, moderately correlated with CSA of SCap and SPL (r=-0.256, -0.355 and -0.361, P&lt;0.05), weakly correlated with FI of SCap and SPL (r= 0.182 and 0.264, P&lt;0.001), moderately correlated with FI of MF+SCer (r=0.408, P&lt;0.001). There were significant differences in FI with disc degeneration (P&lt;0.001, P=0.028 and P=0.005). Further correlation analysis showed that disc degeneration was strongly correlated with FI of MF+SCer (r=0.629, P&lt;0.001), and moderately correlated with FI of SCap and SPL (r=0.363, P=0.001; r=0.345, P=0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex and age were the influencing factors of CSA of SCap and SPL, sex was the independent influencing factor of CSA of MF+SCer, and disc degeneration was the independent influencing factor of FI.ConclusionsAge is negatively correlated with CSA and positively correlated with FI. Disc degeneration was correlated with FI of paravertebral muscles, especially with FI of MF and SCer. Sex and age were the influencing factors of CSA, while disc degeneration was the independent influencing factor of FI.
Multiple methods of diet assessment reveal differences in Atlantic puffin diet between ages, breeding stages, and years
Authors: Kennerley William L. , Clucas Gemma V. , Lyons Donald E. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAtlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica, hereafter “puffin”) reproductive success in the Gulf of Maine (GoM) has declined following a recent oceanographic regime shift that has led to rapid warming and increasingly frequent marine heatwaves. Concurrent changes in both the regional forage fish community and puffin chick diets and provisioning rates suggest that inadequate prey resources may be driving this decline. Traditional, noninvasive methods of diet assessment, however, are unable to determine seabird diet at many age classes and breeding stages.MethodsTo determine what prey GoM puffins were feeding on during two years of marine heatwave conditions, we assessed puffin diet using two complementary methods: traditional, observational methods that utilize bill-load photography and emerging methods employing fecal DNA metabarcoding. We then examined the effect of methodology, age, breeding stage, and year on puffin diet composition. ResultsWe identified a strong correlation between the composition of chick diet as estimated through traditional and emerging methods, supporting the interpretation of DNA relative read abundance as a quantitative metric of diet composition. Both methods identified the same dominant prey groups yet metabarcoding identified a greater number of species and offered higher taxonomic resolution. Additionally, metabarcoding revealed adult puffin diet during the incubation period for the first time. Although puffin adults and chicks fed on many of the same prey types, adults consumed a greater variety of taxa and consumed more low quality prey types than they provisioned chicks.DiscussionFor both age classes, diet varied both between and within years, likely reflecting changes in the local forage fish community in response to environmental variability. Puffins exploited unusual abundances of typically-uncommon prey during these two years of marine heatwave conditions, yet low puffin productivity suggests the observed dietary plasticity was not fully able to compensate for apparent prey shortages. Continued refinement of molecular methods and the interpretation of the data they provide will enable better assessments of how seabirds of diverse ages and breeding stages are adapting to changing prey communities.
A dicoumarol-graphene oxide quantum dot polymer inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway
Authors: Li Zhuowei , Wang Junjun , Wang Siyu , Zhao Wei , Hou Xiaolin , Wang Jianfang , Dong Hong , Zhou Shuanghai , Gao Yuan , Yao Wei , Li Huanrong , Liu Xuewei 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes substantial economic losses in the global swine industry. The current vaccine options offer limited protection against PRRSV transmission, and there are no effective commercial antivirals available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antiviral strategies that slow global PRRSV transmission.MethodsIn this study, we synthesized a dicoumarol-graphene oxide quantum dot (DIC-GQD) polymer with excellent biocompatibility. This polymer was synthesized via an electrostatic adsorption method using the natural drug DIC and GQDs as raw materials.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that DIC exhibits high anti-PRRSV activity by inhibiting the PRRSV replication stage. The transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that DIC treatment stimulates genes associated with the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signalling pathway. In porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), DIC-GQDs induce TYK2, JAK1, STAT1, and STAT2 phosphorylation, leading to the upregulation of JAK1, STAT1, STAT2, interferon-β (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Animal challenge experiments further confirmed that DIC-GQDs effectively alleviated clinical symptoms and pathological reactions in the lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes of PRRSV-infected pigs.DiscussionThese findings suggest that DIC-GQDs significantly inhibits PRRSV proliferation by activating the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Therefore, DIC-GQDs hold promise as an alternative treatment for PRRSV infection.
Cervical HPV infection and related diseases among 149,559 women in Fujian: an epidemiological study from 2018 to 2023
Authors: Lin Kun , Hong Qiyang , Fu Ya , Tu Haijian , Lin Hua , Huang Jiexiang , Hu Yajing , Huang Minjun , Chen Mingqiao 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo comprehensively analyze the epidemiological features of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-related cervical diseases in females aged 35–64 years.MethodsA total of 149,559 samples of exfoliated cervical cells screened for HPV and related cervical lesions from January 2018 to December 2023 were enrolled. The prevalence of 15 high-risk and 6 low-risk HPV genotypes were detected, and the cervical cytology were analyzed. The impact of single and multiple HPV infections was characterized, and the effect of age was studied.ResultsThe cervix cytology was normal in 86.60% of the females, while 7.13% of the females were diagnosed with cervix inflammation, 0.60% with ASC-US, 0.22% with ASC-H, 0.72% with LSIL, 0.49% with HSIL, 0.03% with ICC. The highest median age was observed in ASC-H group with 54 years old. Females with primary school education or lower have the highest positive rates. The overall HPV prevalence was 8.60%. The relatively prevalent HPV types were HPV52, 58, 16, 39, 51. HPV16, HPV18, HPV58, HPV33 and HPV52 were the top5 predominant types in ICC patients. 17.41% females suffered from multiple HPV infection with the most frequently co-infection subtypes being HPV52, HPV58 and HPV16. The prevalence of all HPV subtypes increased with age. Multiple HPV infections accounted for a larger proportion in those aged above 55 years. The peak HPV16 prevalence was observed in ICC group in cases aged 45–49 and 55–59. The peak HPV33 prevalence was observed in younger individuals aged 40–44 who developed ICC.ConclusionMore action should be taken against HPV33 infection.
Development of a top-down MS assay for specific identification of human periostin isoforms
Authors: Rusbjerg-Weberskov Christian E. , Gant Megan S. , Chamot-Rooke Julia , Nielsen Nadia Sukusu , Enghild Jan J. 
Published: June 2024

Periostin is a matricellular protein encoded by the POSTN gene that is alternatively spliced to produce ten different periostin isoforms with molecular weights ranging from 78 to 91 kDa. It is known to promote fibrillogenesis, organize the extracellular matrix, and bind integrin-receptors to induce cell signaling. As well as being a key component of the wound healing process, it is also known to participate in the pathogenesis of different diseases including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and cancer. In both health and disease, the functions of the different periostin isoforms are largely unknown. The ability to precisely determine the isoform profile of a given human sample is fundamental for characterizing their functional significance. Identification of periostin isoforms is most often carried out at the transcriptional level using RT-PCR based approaches, but due to high sequence homogeneity, identification on the protein level has always been challenging. Top-down proteomics, where whole proteins are measured by mass spectrometry, offers a fast and reliable method for isoform identification. Here we present a fully developed top-down mass spectrometry assay for the characterization of periostin splice isoforms at the protein level.
Implementation of a virtual, shared medical appointment program that focuses on food as medicine principles in a population with obesity: the SLIM program
Authors: Kirbach Kyleigh , Marshall-Moreno Imani , Shen Alice , Cullen Curtis , Sanigepalli Shravya , Bobadilla Alejandra , MacElhern Lauray , Grunvald Eduardo , Kallenberg Gene , Tristão Parra Maíra , Sannidhi Deepa 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMultimodal lifestyle interventions, employing food as medicine, stand as the recommended first-line treatment for obesity. The Shared Medical Appointment (SMA) model, where a physician conducts educational sessions with a group of patients sharing a common diagnosis, offers an avenue for delivery of comprehensive obesity care within clinical settings. SMAs, however, are not without implementation challenges. We aim to detail our experience with three implementation models in launching a virtual integrative health SMA for weight management.MethodsEligible patients included individuals 18 years of age or older, having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or 27 kg/m2 or greater with at least one weight related comorbidity. The Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM), Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA), and the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME) models were applied to guide the implementation of the Supervised Lifestyle Integrative Medicine (SLIM) program, a virtually delivered, lifestyle medicine focused SMA program, in a weight management clinic within a major health system. We describe how these models, along with attendance for the initial cohorts, were used for decision-making in the process of optimizing the program.Results172 patients completed the SLIM program over two years. Attendance was lowest for sessions held at 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM compared to sessions at 10:00 AM, 1:00 PM, and 3:00 PM, leading to only offering midday sessions (p = 0.032). Attendance data along with feedback from patients, facilitators, and administrative partners led to changes in the curriculum, session number and frequency, session reminder format, and intake visit number.ConclusionThe use of implementation and quality improvement models provided crucial insight for deployment and optimization of a virtual, lifestyle medicine focused SMA program for weight management within a large healthcare system.
Risk factors and prognostic analysis of right ventricular dysfunction after lung resection for NSCLC
Authors: Tan Xilun , Tao Jing , Zhang Qin , Li Xiang , Wang Jia , Song Hao , Zhou Yanni , Wang Sihan , Cheng Jun , Wang Ming 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, and 80–85% of all lung cancer cases are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surgical resection is the standard treatment for early-stage NSCLC. However, lung resection, a surgical procedure, can result in complications and increased mortality. Recent studies have shown a significant correlation between complications after lung resection and right ventricular dysfunction.MethodsTransthoracic echocardiography-derived right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling (RV-PAC) was utilized to assess right ventricular function in these patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with RV-PA uncoupling. The 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rates were estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves, and differences between groups were analyzed using the Mantel-Cox log-rank test.ResultsRV-PA uncoupling was defined as a TAPSE/PASP value &lt; 0.67 mm/mm Hg according to spline analysis. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes is an independent risk factor for right ventricular dysfunction after lung resection in patients with NSCLC. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant decrease in the survival rate of patients with RV-PA uncoupling at both the 3-year follow-up (73% vs 40%, p &lt; 0.001) and 5-year follow-up (64% vs 37%, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsAfter lung resection for NSCLC, the patient’s right ventricular function predicts prognosis. Patients with right ventricular dysfunction, particularly those with diabetes mellitus, have a worse prognosis. It is crucial to actively prevent and correct risk factors to reduce the mortality rate in these patients.
Implementation of risk-based lipid-lowering therapies in older (age ≥ 65 years) and very-old adults (age ≥ 75 years) with ischemic heart disease in the greater Salzburg region
Authors: Kopp Kristen , Motloch Lukas J. , Wernly Bernhard , Berezin Alexander E. , Maringgele Victoria , Dieplinger Anna , Hoppe Uta C. , Lichtenauer Michael 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: European guidelines recommend the implementation of lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) in adults (≥ 65 years) with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and for risk-based primary prevention in older adults (≤ 75 years), yet their use in very-old adults (&gt; 75 years) is controversial, discretionary, and oriented on the presence of risk factors. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess guideline-directed LLT implementation and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target achievement in high-/very-high-risk older/very-old adults (65–74 and ≥ 75 years) at presentation for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and also to assess evidence-based care delivery to older adults in our region.Methods: All STEMI patients with available LDL-C and total cholesterol presenting for treatment at a large tertiary center in Salzburg, Austria, 2018–2020, were screened (n = 910). High-risk/very-high-risk patients (n = 369) were classified according to European guidelines criteria and divided into cohorts by age: &lt; 65 years (n = 152), 65–74 years (n = 104), and ≥ 75 years (n = 113).Results: Despite being at high-/very-high-risk, prior LLT use was &lt; 40% in the total cohort, with no significant difference by age. Statin monotherapy predominated; 20%–23% of older/very-old adults in the entire cohort were using low-/moderate-intensity stains, 11%–13% were using high-intensity statins, 4% were on ezetimibe therapy, and none were taking proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. In the secondary prevention cohort, 53% of older/very-old patients used prior LLTs. Significantly higher percentages of older/oldest ASCVD patients (43% and 49%) met LDL-C targets &lt; 70 mg/dL compared to patients &lt; 65 years (29%; p = 0.033), although just 22% and 30% of these older groups attained stricter LDL-C targets of &lt; 55 mg/dL. Low LLT uptake (16%) among older adults aged 64–74 years for primary prevention resulted in 17% and 10% attainment of risk-based LDL-C targets &lt; 70 mg/dL and &lt; 55 mg/dL, respectively. Oldest adults (≥ 75 years) in both primary and secondary prevention groups more often met risk-based targets than older and younger adults, despite predominantly receiving low-/moderate-intensity statin monotherapy.Conclusion: Secondary prevention was sub-optimal in our region. Less than half of older/very-old adults with established ASCVD met LDL-C targets at the time of STEMI, suggesting severe care-delivery deficits in LLT implementation. Shortcomings in initiation of risk-based LLTs were also observed among high-/very-high-risk primary prevention patients &lt; 75 years, with the achievement of risk-based LDL-C targets in 10%–48% of these patients.
Assessment of the safety of Roxadustat for cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease-related anemia using meta-analysis and bioinformatics
Authors: Li Xiangmeng , Jiang Shimin , Gu Xia , Liu Xiaojing , Shang Shunlai , Zhang Jiao , Pang Keying , Li Wenge 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study compares the cardiovascular risk in anemic chronic kidney disease patients treated with Roxadustat versus erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs). It also explores the cardiovascular impact of Roxadustat.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to 13 August 2023, using terms such as “ESA,” “Roxadustat,” “MACE,” “stroke,” “death,” “myocardial infarction,” and “heart failure.” Two researchers independently selected and extracted data based on predefined criteria. We assessed the risk of bias with the Cochrane tool and analyzed statistical heterogeneity using the Q and I2 tests. We conducted subgroup analyses by geographical region and performed data analysis with Stata 14.0 and RevMan 5.4 software. Data were sourced from the NCBI database by filtering for “Roxadustat” and “human,” and differentially expressed genes were identified using R software, setting the significance at p &lt; 0.01 and a 2-fold logFC, followed by GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, and protein interaction network analysis.ResultsA total of 15 articles encompassing 1,43,065 patients were analyzed, including 1,38,739 patients treated with ESA and 4,326 patients treated with Roxadustat. In the overall population meta-analysis, the incidences of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE), death, and heart failure (HF) were 13%, 8%, and 4% in the Roxadustat group, compared to 17%, 12%, and 6% in the ESA group, respectively, with P-values greater than 0.05. In the subgroup analysis, the incidences were 13%, 11%, and 4% for the Roxadustat group versus 17%, 15%, and 5% for the ESA group, also with p-values greater than 0.05. Bioinformatics analysis identified 59 differentially expressed genes, mainly involved in the inflammatory response. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are primarily related to integrin binding. The main pathways identified were the TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and lipid metabolism related to atherosclerosis. The protein interaction network highlighted IL1B, CXCL8, ICAM1, CCL2, and CCL5 as the top five significantly different genes, all involved in the inflammatory response and downregulated by Roxadustat, suggesting a potential role in reducing inflammation.ConclusionThe meta-analysis suggests that the use of Roxadustat and ESA in treating anemia associated with chronic kidney disease does not significantly alter the likelihood of cardiovascular events in the overall and American populations. However, Roxadustat exhibited a safer profile with respect to MACE, death, and heart failure. The bioinformatics findings suggest that Roxadustat may influence integrin adhesion and affect the TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways, along with lipid and atherosclerosis pathways, potentially reducing inflammation.
Development of radioiodine-labeled mequitazine for evaluation of hepatic CYP2D activity
Authors: Mizutani Asuka , Kobayashi Masato , Nishi Kodai , Fujita Ken-ichi , Takahashi Kotaro , Muranaka Yuka , Sato Kakeru , Kitamura Masanori , Suzuki Chie , Nishii Ryuichi , Shikano Naoto , Magata Yasuhiro , Ishida Yasushi , Kunishima Munetaka , Fukuchi Kazuki , Kawai Keiichi 
Published: June 2024

Background: As drug-metabolizing enzyme activities are affected by a variety of factors, such as drug-drug interactions, a method to evaluate drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in real time is needed. In this study, we developed a novel SPECT imaging probe for evaluation of hepatic CYP2D activity.Methods: Iodine-123- and 125-labeled 4-iodobenzylmequitazine (123/125I-BMQ) was synthesized with high labeling and purity. CYP isozymes involved in the metabolism of 125I-BMQ in mouse liver microsomes were evaluated, and the utility of 123/125I-was assessed from biological distribution and SPECT imaging evaluation in normal and CYP2D-inhibited mice.Results:In vitro metabolite analysis using mouse liver microsomes showed that 125I-BMQ is specifically metabolized by CYP2D. Biological distribution and SPECT imaging of 123/125I-BMQ in normal mice showed that injection 123/125I-BMQ accumulated early in the liver and was excreted into the gallbladder and intestines. In CYP2D-inhibited mice, accumulation in the liver was increased, but accumulation in the gallbladder and intestines, the excretory organ, was delayed. Since only metabolites of 125I-BMQ are detected in bile, visualization and measuring of the accumulation of metabolites over time in the intestine, where bile is excreted, could predict the amount of metabolites produced in the body and evaluate CYP2D activity, which would be useful in determining the dosage of various drugs metabolized by CYP2D.Conclusion:123/125I-BMQ is useful as a SPECT imaging probe for comprehensive and direct assessment of hepatic CYP2D activity in a minimally invasive and simple approach.