bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of heat pipes for battery cooling technology in EVs
Authors: Veerasamy Aruna , Antony Godwin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The modern world is moving towards electric vehicles (EV) due to the increment in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, global warming, and the lack of fossil fuels. EVs can overcome these issues by using batteries instead of fuel. But increasing and maintaining the batteries is a major challenge in EVs because of the large heat emissions from the batteries. In order to overcome these issues and increase the performance of the batteries, a heat pipe (HP) is attached to the passive cooling system. This study aims to improve the performance of batteries and the thermal conductivity of HP with a combination of refrigerant and nanofluid (nanorefrigerant) as working fluids. Copper HP with R-134a or SWCNT is selected for this study. The thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of HP with R-134a and SWCNT were observed for several heat conditions. From the study, it was well observed that changing the working fluid inside the HP affects the thermal performance and the cooling capacity of batteries. Fixing an HP to a battery would decrease the battery’s temperature effectively. Furthermore, increasing the heat power in an evaporator section decreases the thermal resistance and enhances thermal conductivity with the shortest time limit because of Brownian motion.
Targeted memory reactivation during non-rapid eye movement sleep enhances neutral, but not negative, components of memory
Authors: Denis Dan , Payne Jessica D. 
Published: May 2024

Emotionally salient components of memory are preferentially remembered at the expense of accompanying neutral information. This emotional memory trade-off is enhanced over time, and possibly sleep, through a process of memory consolidation. Sleep is believed to benefit memory through a process of reactivation during non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM). Here, targeted memory reactivation (TMR) was used to manipulate the reactivation of negative and neutral memories during NREM sleep. Thirty-one male and female participants encoded composite scenes containing either a negative or neutral object superimposed on an always neutral background. During NREM sleep, sounds associated with the scene object were replayed, and memory for object and background components was tested the following morning. We found that TMR during NREM sleep improved memory for neutral, but not negative scene objects. This effect was associated with sleep spindle activity, with a larger spindle response following TMR cues predicting TMR effectiveness for neutral items only. These findings therefore do not suggest a role of NREM memory reactivation in enhancing the emotional memory trade-off across a 12-hour period but do align with growing evidence of spindle-mediated memory reactivation in service of neutral declarative memory.Significance statementMemory reactivation during sleep is believed to be a key mechanism facilitating consolidation, the strengthening and stabilisation of memories over time. Emotional memories appear to be preferentially consolidated compared to neutral information, but the role sleep-related memory reactivation in this process is still unclear. Here, we found that experimentally reactivating memories during sleep in humans did not preferentially enhance emotional memory components but did improve neutral memory when tested after one night of sleep. These findings speak against a role of memory reactivation in the early stages of emotional memory consolidation.
Combined lipid lowering therapy, including ezetimibe, in the post-infarction period
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Salyamova L. I. , Chernova A. A. , Tonkoglaz A. A. , Vershinina O. D. , Babkina I. A. , Plaksin N. S. 
Published: May 2024

Aim. To study the effect of 48-week therapy with atorvastatin and ezetimibe on laboratory parameters, structural and functional arterial characteristics and heart failure markers in the post-infarction period.Material and methods. A total of 87 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included. In the first 24 hours, atorvastatin 80 mg/day was prescribed. During hospitalization, after 5-6, 24, 48 weeks, clinical and paraclinical examinations were performed. In the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >1,4 mmol/l and the decrease <50% at one of the follow-up visits, ezetimibe 10 mg/day was additionally prescribed.Results. Eighty participants (93%) completed the study. Patients were divided into following groups: group 1 (n=32) — atorvastatin monotherapy; group 2 (n=49) — ezetimibe and atorvastatin therapy. In group 1, LDL-C decreased after 48 weeks by 53% (p<0,001), while in group 2 by 63,2% (p<0,001). According to carotid ultrasound in group 2, a decrease in the intima media thickness after 24 and 48 weeks was revealed by 9,1% (p<0,001) and 10,5% (p<0,001) compared to the baseline value, while in group 1 — by 4,5% only on the 24th week (p=0,012). When analyzing endothelial function, there was an increase in flow-dependent vasodilation only in group 2 from 9,1 (5,6; 11,8)% to 14,3±6,8% after 48 weeks (p<0,001). With the addition of ezetimibe, there was a regression of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide after 24 weeks by 69,6% (p=0,005), after 48 weeks — by 72,4% (p=0,009). In group 2, it decreased by 75,5% by the end of follow-up (p=0,010).Conclusion. The results rationale adding ezetimibe to statins in very high-risk patients due to the most pronounced lipid lowering effect, improvement of the structural and functional properties of the common carotid arteries, endothelial function and clinical and laboratory heart failure markers.
Forecasting where larger crustal earthquakes are likely to occur in Italy in the near future
Authors: Boschi Enzo , Gasperini Paolo , Mulargia Francesco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A forecast of future occurrences of larger (M ≧ 5.9) crustal earthquakes in Italy is made on the basis of historic and instrumental seismicity, and following a seismotectonic regionalization recently derived on the basis of geological evidence combined with earthquake epicenters and focal mechanisms. Completeness problems in the seismic catalog allow one to study only 20 regions out of 58. Large crustal seismicity within each seismogenic region is modeled as either a periodic Gauss process or a random Poisson process according to the experimental coefficient of variation of the series of past occurrences in each region. Return times are estimated directly from the series of (M ≧ 4.5) earthquakes if they are sufficient in number, or from the Gutenberg-Richter law applied to lower magnitude seismicity (M ≧ 4.5) otherwise. The immediate probability of an M ≧ 5.9 crustal seismic event is estimated to be very low in all regions except southeastern Sicily and Appennino Abruzzese. In the near future (next 20 yr), the estimated probability is high (above 65%) also in the Appennino Forlivese and Naso-Capo d'Orlando regions. In addition to detailed seismic risk reevaluations, these regions represent the best bet for a program of intensive monitoring to gather a record of the process of strain accumulation and seismic release.
REINTERPRETASI TRADISI MERARIQ (KAWIN LARI) SEBAGAI RESOLUSI KONFLIK ADAT (STUDI PEMIKIRAN TOKOH AGAMA DAN TOKOH ADAT DI NTB)
Authors: Triantini Zusiana Elly , Amilia Fatma , Samsudin Samsudin 
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Tulisan ini hendak megungkap tentang berbagai konflik yang lahir dari proses tradisi merariq di Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat. Dimulai dari menjabarkan proses atau tahapan tradisi merariq, dan menariknya atau mengkaitkannya dengan sistem sosial masyarakat Sasak dan kemudian melihat beberapa konflik yang lahir dari tradisi tersebut. dalam proses penyusunannya tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara dengan tokoh adat dan tokoh agama (Islam) di Lombok serta mengumpulkan data lain dengan observasi. Pandangan tokoh agama dan tokoh adat terhadap konflik yang lahir tersebutlah yang akan menjadi kacamata untuk melihat peluang reinterpretasi terhadap tradisi menariq ini. Interpretasi tersebut kemudian dikaji menggunakan kerangka maqasid asy syariah dan resolusi konflik sebagai sebuah tawaran akademik.
Abstract

This paper explores various conflicts arising from the traditional marital elopement (merariq) in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. This qualitative research collects the data through observation and interviews with community and religious leaders. The discussion starts with the explanation of the procedure of traditional marital elopement and then looks at its social system that causes conflict in it. The community and religious leaders’ views are thus used as an analytical tool to perceive such conflicts. Their reinterpretation of merariq is important to present because they are leaders in their respective community. The theory of maqashid al-syariah is finally used to examine such reinterpretation to find and offer a new academic solution to the conflicts
Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Manhaj Ijtihad (Eksplorasi, dan Rekonstruksi)
Authors: Huda Miftahul 
Published: May 2024

Pemahaman dan penerapan kandungan hukum al-Quran dan Hadits memerlukan pertimbangan yang memadai dari perspektif sosiohistoris. Karena jika tidak demikian, konsep hukum yang dihasilkan akan cenderung tidak efektif, parsial, kontradiktif dan implikasi penerapannya tidak sesuai dengan nilai sosiomoralnya yang fundamental. Hal itu karena suasana kehidupan, dan tantangan sosiohistoris dan masalah yang dihadapi umat sekarang sudah jauh berbeda dengan suasana di jaman kenabian. Perspektif sosiohistoris tersebut antara lain mencakup pertimbangan korelasi antar sesama teks syariat sendiri, relevansi sosiologis, filosofis, penghayatan religiomoral, dan juga pertimbangan dari sisi kajian ilmiah (scientific discoveries). Untuk meraih tujuan tersebut metode pemahaman hukum (manhaj ijtihad) perlu terus disempurnakan, dan untuk mengembangkannya dibutuhkan keahlian yang memadai dari para mujtahid, baik mengenai seluk-beluk sumber syariat maupun masalah-masalah yang konkret dalam kehidupan manusia dengan segenap kompleksitasnya.

Abstract
Appreciation and application of Islamic laws derived from the Quran and Hadits always need considerations in socio-historical context so the law will not be ineffective, partial, and contradictive. Consequently, the implementation of its orders will not be suitable with its fundamental socio-moral values. Because the sociological atmosphere, challenges, and real problems faced by human in nowadays and future are far different from the condition in the prophetic era. Such a socio-historical perspective, covers consideration of inter-textual correlation among shariah textual sources, sociological relevance, philosophical foundation, religio-moral comprehension, and consideration in scientific perspective. To obtain such objectives, the Islamic legal methodology (manhaj ijtihad) should be continuously developed. Besides, the contemporary Islamic jurist (mujtahid) should have enough competencies not only on textual sources of shariah but also on real problems in human life with all of their complexity.
Case Study: Open Pyometra in a Pomeranian Dog at INI Veterinary Service Clinic
Authors: Kristanto Dwi , Nur Aini Dina Wahyu , Willyanto Iwan , Prasetyo Dodik , Rickyawan Nofan 
Published: May 2024

A five-year-old female Pomeranian dog presented with vomiting, restlessness, decreased appetite, and vaginal discharge. The physical examination revealed yellowish to brownish purulent vaginal discharge with an unpleasant smell. The X-ray image showed an enlarged uterus, while the hematology results revealed hypochromic normocytic anemia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The blood chemistry test results showed abnormalities, including elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase levels (ALP) and cholesterol as well as decreased amylase levels. Based on the anamnesis, clinical findings, physical examination, and supporting examinations, it was concluded that the dog was diagnosed with open cervix pyometra. The dog was treated with oxytocin hormone at a dose of 0.5 IU/kg BW, methylergometrine at a dose of 0.125 mg/dog, enrofloxacin at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW, carprofen at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg BW, cyproheptadine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg BW, ranitidine at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg BW, ondansetron at a dose of 1 mg/kg BW, glyseryl guaiacolate at a dose of 20 mg/kg BW, ambroxol HCl at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW, Fufang® at adose of 1 ml, Sangobion® at a dose of 100 mg/dog, Maxbiotik® at a dose of 66 mg, and Transfer Factor Plus® at a dose of 20 mg. The treatment resulted in an improvement in the animal's condition as evidenced by the absence of nasal and vaginal discharges and vomiting, as well as a stool consistency of two out of five.
WITHDRAWN: Safety and probiotic properties of Weissella Strains Isolated from Spontaneous Fermented Vegetables in Shaanxi, China
Authors: Liu Chen , An Chao , Zhang Jingjing , Liu Yao , Zhang Qiwen , Ding Hao , Ma Saijian , Xue Wenjiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Experiences of rural clinicians accessing specialist support via telehealth for trauma and emergency care in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Santomauro Chiara , McLanders Mia , Rae Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: Trauma and emergency patients presenting to rural facilities require time-critical treatment and management that is sometimes beyond the scope of clinicians in the facility. In Queensland, Australia’s second largest state, telehealth infrastructure facilitates 24/7 communication between rural clinicians and tertiary-based critical care specialists. We sought to understand the current state of Queensland’s emergency telehealth system from the perspective of direct end-users to inform future improvement efforts and resource allocation.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 rural Queensland clinicians who use telehealth to access specialist support during critical presentations. Qualitative data were analysed in three inductive phases: immersion; a combination of process coding and in vivo coding; and focused coding.
Results: The findings highlight that emergency telehealth support provides benefits beyond better patient care, as it fosters collegiality and alleviates professional isolation. Three key themes were identified: (1) Strategies for overcoming challenges in providing trauma and emergency care in rural Queensland; (2) Factors that affect perceptions of telehealth effectiveness; and (3) How support for rural trauma and emergency care can be improved. To provide context for the themes, a summary of scene-setting data is also provided.
Conclusions: There are both advantages and disadvantages for rural clinicians accessing telehealth specialist support for critical care. Although telehealth is seen as a vital service that supports rural clinicians and benefits patient care, the findings suggest that tools, systems, and processes surrounding rural trauma and emergency care could benefit from streamlining, integration, and the introduction of fit-for-purpose technologies. Addressing limitations of efficiencies would improve support for rural clinicians and likely improve patient outcomes for rural communities.
Experimental analysis of acoustic emissions in rolling and sliding friction: implications to gear transmissions
Authors: Weiffenbach Felix Alberto Leaman , Romero Felipe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Acoustic emissions (AE) are elastic waves produced in solids due to crack propagation, dislocations, impacts, friction and others. Its potential for condition monitoring has been studied for several years. For gear transmissions, some studies have highlighted AE's advantages over other techniques. However, the application of AE in gear transmissions still requires a comprehensive understanding and modeling of the generation mechanisms.
The primary source of AE in gear transmissions is asperity contacts, making it essential to understand AE behavior under rolling and sliding friction, both contact types in gear transmissions. Our study presents simplified experiments designed to independently characterize the AE produced by a cylinder moving on a plane under rolling and sliding conditions. Additionally, we have compared our experimental findings with a theoretical model from the literature.
We tested the influence of translational speed and normal force on rolling and sliding. For sliding, we observed a positive correlation between the RMS value and the translational speed. However, the normal force did not show a significant effect, which diverges from the theoretical model. For rolling, neither translational speed nor normal force demonstrated significant effects. Regarding signal characteristics, sliding friction is characterized by a continuous AE, while rolling friction primarily exhibits stochastic AE bursts. The frequencies excited for both cases suggest that abrasive wear is predominant.
Although prior research has highlighted the impact of speed and load on AE from gears, our study offers new insights into how these conditions independently influence the AE produced by rolling and sliding friction.
Formation of atomically distributed Al-F3 nanoparticles towards precisely modulating pore Size of carbon molecular sieve gas separation membranes
Authors: Li Nanwen , Chen Xiuling , Zhang Zhiguang , Xu Shan , Zhang Bin , Qin Yong , Ma Canghai , He Gaohong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes exhibit superior capability in separating gas mixtures efficiently. However, it remains a grand challenge to precisely tune the pore size and distribution of CMS membranes to further improve their molecular sieving properties. Herein, we report an approach of finely modulating CMS pore structure by using the reactive Al(CH3)3 to in situ defluorinate the polymer precursor to form Al-Fx(CH3)3-x in the polymer matrix, which is further converted to atomic-level Al2O3 and Al-F3 in the polymer matrix. These nanoparticles play the key role in regulating the pore size of CMS membranes by suppressing the formation of unfavorable large pores during pyrolysis, thus enhancing the gas selectivity considerably. The resultant CMS membranes demonstrate a H2/CH4 and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 192.6, and 58.4, respectively, 128% and 93% higher than the untreated samples, residing far above the latest upper bounds. The design principle of this work paves the way for precisely manipulating CMS pore size and developing molecularly selective membranes with optimal separation performance.
The Energy Consumption and Carbon Emission Model Development and Application for Ongoing Railway Construction
Authors: LI Jiayu , Yin Xunxiao , Yang Wei , LI Hui , Wang Chao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study, utilizing comprehensive railway project A as a case study, offers a multifaceted analysis of construction work volume, machinery energy consumption, and carbon emissions. We employ a ''top-down'' approach, taking into account construction scenarios and types of energy consumption, to establish a framework for a railway construction machinery energy consumption model. Following the computation of diesel carbon emission factors appropriate for construction requirements, we put forth a swift computation algorithm for provincial grid carbon emission. The algorithm undergoes precision verification and application, reducing the calculation complexity and cost of existing carbon emission models by approximately tenfold. This model is pilot-tested at construction section A, generating the corresponding energy consumption and carbon emission model. Results denote that, from a construction scenario perspective, tunnel construction's energy consumption and carbon emissions account for roughly 80%, thus taking a leading stance. Regarding energy consumption types, carbon emissions from electricity significantly surpass those from oil. Based on these results, we outline specific characteristics of railway construction and propose key strategies to achieve energy saving and emission reduction. These include enhancing the operational efficiency of electrical equipment in tunnel construction, diminishing the use of diesel equipment, and adopting energy-saving, intelligent, and new energy equipment. The findings of this study substantially aid the rapid calculation of energy consumption and carbon emissions in railway construction, offering new parameters, algorithms, perspectives, and proposals that serve scientific research in related domains.
Tsunami inundation limit based on probabilistic analysis of runup and inundation distance
Authors: Ramos Marilym , Aranguiz Rafael , Bull Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Tsunamis are devastating natural hazards that can reach runups of 30 m in coastal areas. One of the most important mitigation measures to save human lives is evacuation, which requires identification of both the inundation area and safe zones. Currently, a ground elevation of 30 m is used to determine safe zones in Chile. However, it has also been used for urban planning, for which the actual tsunami hazard may be overestimated. This research aims to propose a criterion based on probabilistic analysis to determine the tsunami inundation limit, considering both the runup and inundation distance from the shoreline. To this end, a synthetic database of runup and inundation distance from the shoreline was analyzed. First, stochastic earthquake sources were used to simulate tsunami events up to an inundation level in 10 coastal cities. Second, maximum runup and inundation distance were calculated for each tsunami scenario along transect lines perpendicular to the coastline. Finally, three exceedance probabilities of runup – 0.5%, 1%, and 2% in 50 years – were calculated to estimate the runup and inundation distances for each city. The results showed that geomorphology has an important role in runup and inundation distance. In addition, this research introduced new criteria for inundation limit identification, which are more flexible and accurate than the current 30-m ground elevation criterion used for tsunami risk assessment and urban planning. The application of this proposed method would allow local authorities to improve the locations of both critical infrastructure and safe zones.