bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Healthy Context Paradox at a National/Country-Level: Is Victimisation associated with Worse Adjustment in Countries where the Average Level of Victimisation is Lower?
Authors: Agyekum-Hene Rhysvana , Smith Peter K. , Turunen Tiina , Salmivalli Christina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent research has highlighted the healthy context paradox (HCP), namely that the association between peer victimisation and psychological and social adjustment worsens in social contexts with lower average level of victimisation. Previous research has examined this phenomenon in relation to classroom- or school-level victimisation. We tested whether the HCP is applicable on a much wider scale, at national level. Besides country-level victimisation, we explored whether country-level economic inequality and social welfare protection moderate the victimisation-adjustment link. We used data from the HBSC 2013/2014 survey related to peer victimisation and five measures of health and wellbeing of 11-, 13- and 15-year-old boys and girls from 40 countries (N = 198,646) in Europe and North America, complemented with information on economic inequality (Gini index, available for 33 countries) and social protection (decommodification index, available for 25 countries). We confirmed an expected within-country correlation between higher levels of victimisation and poorer health and wellbeing for each measure and across countries; however this association had significant between-country variability. For country-level victimisation, there was evidence of a significant HCP effect for the measures of peer support and life satisfaction – but not for feeling low, health, and liking school.
Climate extreme scenarios affecting the Italian energy system with a multi-hazard approach
Authors: Faggian Paola , Trevisiol Arianna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The operation of the energy system can be compromised by extreme weather events that can impact generation, transmission and distribution infrastructure, as well as energy demand, and will face even more critical situations in the coming decades due to ongoing climate change. The challenge concerns particularly the infrastructures with long technical life. To support decision makers in planning adaptation actions for increasing the resilience of the Italian Energy System, some analyses about the expected meteorological threats over Italy have been carried out. The study aims to identify the Italian regions more prone to climate extremes at short- (2021–2050), medium- (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100) by using 12 high-resolution Euro-CORDEX models under the emission pathways RCP8.5, RCP4.5 and RCP2.6. For this purpose, a subset of the WMO ETCCDI indices was used. In addition, a multi-hazard analysis was carried out by defining the three indices DRO, STO, and MUHZ to characterize respectively drought conditions, strong winds and heavy rainfalls, and the areas affected to multiple threats, considering the hazards at which power infrastructure are particularly vulnerable. At short term, under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 hypotheses, the Southern Italy and Islands will already have to deal with a significant increase of drought conditions, that are projected to progressively extend from summer to autumn and then to spring, whereas the Central-Northern Italy will be mainly affected by storms. A decrease of wet days and, consequently, a lengthening of dry spells are generally expected, but extreme precipitations will be more frequent and more destructive, in particular over Po Valley and the eastern Italian coasts. Po Valley, Adriatic and Tyrrhenian coasts are projected to be the areas most exposed to a plurality of threats, but no Italian region will be safe from an enhancement of climate change hazards both in frequency and intensity during the 21st century in all three RCPs, with more and more severe conditions from RCP2.6 to RCP8.5 and from short- to long-term.
Clinical Analysis of Y Chromosome Microdeletions and Chromosomal Aberrations in 1596 Male Infertility Patients of the Zhuang Ethnic Group in Guangxi
Authors: Shi Mingfang , Ma Shengjun , Huang Li , Huang Chaosheng , Wang Jing , Qin Xuemei , Luo Yibing , Xiong Yu , He Ningyu , Zeng Jianghui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq) contains many amplified and palindromic sequences that are prone to self-reorganization during spermatogenesis, and tiny submicroscopic segmental deletions in the proximal Yq are called Y chromosome microdeletions (YCM). A retrospective study was conducted on male infertility patients of Zhuang ethnicity who presented at Reproductive Medical Center of Nanning between January 2015 and May 2023. Seminal fluid was collected for standard examination. YCM were detected by using a combination of multiplex PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Preparation of peripheral blood chromosomes and karyotyping of chromosomes was performed. 147 cases (9.22%) of YCM were detected in 1596 male infertility patients of Zhuang ethnicity. Significant difference was found in the detection rate of YCM between the azoospermia group and the oligospermia group (P < 0.001). Of all types of YCM, the highest detection rate was AZFc (n = 83), followed by AZFb + c (n = 28). 264 cases (16.54%) of sex chromosomal aberrations were detected. The most prevalent karyotype was 47, XXY (n = 202). The detection rate of sex chromosomal aberrations in azoospermia group was higher than that in severe oligospermia group and oligospermia group, and the differences were significant (P < 0.001). 28 cases (1.57%) of autosomal aberrations and 105 cases (6.58%) of chromosomal polymorphism were identified. The current research has some limitations due to the lack of normal men as the control group but suggests that YCM and chromosomal aberrations represent key genetic factors influencing spermatogenesis in infertile males of Zhuang ethnicity in Guangxi.
The Effects of Low Concentrations of Pravastatin on Placental Cells
Authors: Kanda Masako , Kumasawa Keiichi , Nemoto Kazunari , Miyatake Risa , Inaba Kei , Sayama Seisuke , Seyama Takahiro , Iriyama Takayuki , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Fujii Tomoyuki , Hirota Yasushi , Osuga Yutaka , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPravastatin is a promising medication to treat preeclampsia. However, the appropriate dose of pravastatin for managing preeclampsia has not been established. In this in vitro study, we examined the effects of low concentrations of pravastatin (0.01 to 10 µM) under hypoxic conditions on two types of placental cells and found that pravastatin decreased sFlt-1 levels up to 34% in cytotrophoblast cells isolated from human term placentas. Furthermore, we showed that sFlt-1 levels in HTR-8/SVneo cells, a cell line derived from first trimester trophoblast cells, decreased after exposure to very low concentrations of pravastatin (0.01, 0.1 µM). We also examined the effects of pravastatin on uterine spiral artery remodeling-related events and showed in wound healing and tube formation assays that low concentrations of pravastatin upregulated cell migration and invasion in HTR-8/SVneo cells. These results demonstrated that a low dose of pravastatin has in vitro effects that suggest a potential for anti-preeclamptic effects in vivo.
Effect of Ti micro-addition on the hot tensile behaviour, microstructure and fractography of low-C high-manganese steels
Authors: Fojt-Dymara Gabriela , Opiela Marek , Grzegorczyk Barbara , Gołombek Klaudiusz , Grajcar Adam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of the work was to determine the effect of Ti micro-addition on the hot tensile behaviour, microstructure and fractography of two low-C high-manganese steels with additions of Si and Al. The hot tensile tests were performed using the Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator. Samples were stretched at a temperature range from 1050 ℃ to 1200 ℃ at a strain rate of 2.5·10 3 s−1. The microstructure of the tested high-manganese steels under conditions of hot deformation was influenced by strain hardening and simultaneous dynamic recrystallization, as well as precipitation processes-depending on the chemical composition of the alloy and plastic deformation parameters. The analysis of the curves registered in the hot tensile tests indicated that a decrease of strain hardening was the result of the dynamic recrystallization. Hot tensile curves of the Ti-micro-alloyed steel were characterized by higher yield stress compared to the Ti-free steel. The Ti micro-addition with a concentration of 0.075 wt.% guaranteeing stable TiN-type nitrides eliminated the possibility of precipitating AlN-type nitrides and complex MnS-AlN type non-metallic inclusions, which are harmful to hot ductility. Fracture modes of the Ti-free steel showed a mixed nature from 1050 ℃ to 1150 °C, i.e. ductile fracture and numerous cavities and voids were identified. As the deformation temperature increased to 1200 °C, the fracture character was brittle with numerous inter-crystalline cracks along austenite grain boundaries. The addition of Ti improved significantly the hot ductility behaviour characterized by higher values of flow stress and reduction in area as well as ductile fracture modes in the entire high deformation temperature range.
How to gain control and influence algorithms: contesting AI to find relevant reasons
Authors: Kuilman Sietze Kai , Siebert Luciano Cavalcante , Buijsman Stefan , Jonker Catholijn M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRelevancy is a prevalent term in value alignment. We either need to keep track of the relevant moral reasons, we need to embed the relevant values, or we need to learn from the relevant behaviour. What relevancy entails in particular cases, however, is often ill-defined. The reasons for this are obvious, it is hard to define relevancy in a way that is both general and concrete enough to give direction towards a specific implementation. In this paper, we describe the inherent difficulty that comes along with defining what is relevant to a particular situation. Simply due to design and the way an AI system functions, we need to state or learn particular goals and circumstances under which that goal is completed. However, because of both the changing nature of the world and the varied wielders and users of such implements, misalignment occurs, especially after a longer amount of time. We propose a way to counteract this by putting contestability front and centre throughout the lifecycle of an AI system, as it can provide insight into what is actually relevant at a particular instance. This allows designers to update the applications in such a manner that they can account for oversight during design.
A Practical Research Methods Course That Teaches How to Be a Successful Biomedical Engineering Graduate Student
Authors: Acuña Samuel A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShould your department offer a course on how to be a scientist and a successful graduate student? We offer this course at George Mason University as a mandatory part of the graduate curriculum, but this is not common practice for graduate biomedical engineering programs. Graduate education in biomedical engineering is evolving rapidly, with an increasing demand for fundamental research skills, interdisciplinary skills, and professional development. We believe that graduate students will be more successful in their research activities if they are explicitly taught these skills at the beginning of their graduate coursework. This paper describes the design of this course in our bioengineering department.
Prevalence and Characteristics of People with Disabilities Among Abused Victims in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alangari Abdulaziz S. , Alammari Duaa , Alhowaish Norah , Almutairi Waseemah , Alnjeidi Zainab , Aleissa Majid 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Abuse is an ongoing public health issue that results in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Abuse against individuals with disabilities is a pervasive and deeply concerning issue, often compounded by factors of vulnerability and dependence. The majority of disabled individuals experience abuse, with the majority enduring it repeatedly. Identifying the problem is the first step towards preventing abuse. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of people with disabilities among abused victims and the victim’s associated risk factors in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study obtained data from the National Family Safety Registry. All registered children and adults between April 2017 and December 2022 from 93 centers across 13 regions of Saudi Arabia were included. Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between independent variables and victim-related risk factors such as the onset of abuse complications, the victim being an adult or child, the victim’s gender, and whether they had been previously abused.

Results
Individuals with disabilities comprise 1.4% (n = 199) of all reported cases of abuse (n = 14,004), and the trend of violence against people with disabilities has decreased during the 6-year study period. Of the abused people with disabilities, 72.4% were children, 57.8% were males, 45.2% were previously abused, and 65.3% had complications from the abuse. Caregiver type, perpetrator gender, perpetrator age, and previous abuse status were significant factors.

Conclusions
This study highlights the disability prevalence among reported abuse cases and evaluates victim’s risk factors in Saudi Arabia, which demonstrates an urgency for targeted intervention and support. People with disabilities constitute a vulnerable demographic who require increased support and resources. Comprehensive data collection can be utilized for effective violence prevention strategies. Further research should explore qualitative methods and survey the rates of abuse among people with disabilities in the community to gain deeper insights.
Safety and Feasibility of Electrocardiogram-Guided Tip Positioning Combined with Ultrasound-Guided Placement of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Performed in Severe Brain Injury Patients
Authors: Jiang Xiaoli , Li Xiangzhi , Ouyang Bin , Yan Lingyan , Gu Qiaofang , Mei Meihua , Wang Lingyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To explore the safety and feasibility of using electrocardiogram (ECG)-guided tip positioning combined with ultrasound-guided placement of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) in patients with severe brain injury in a neurosurgery intensive care unit.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 400 patients who underwent PICC catheterization in a neurosurgery intensive care unit from January 2017 to January 2021. Of those, a group of 157 patients received only ultrasound-guided PICC placement. The second group (243 patients) received ECG-guided tip positioning combined with ultrasound-guided PICC placement. A logistic regression analysis was conducted on gender, arm circumference, and ECG usage based on whether the results were in place. The positioning accuracy, success rate of primary catheterization, incidence of ectopic catheters, average catheterization depth, and incidence of catheterization complications were observed.

Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that only ECG guidance helps to achieve accurate PICC (OD, 4.541; 95CI, 2.224–9.271; p < 0.001). The correct placement rate of the PICC tip was significantly higher in ECG-guided tip positioning combined with the ultrasound guidance group (90.73%) compared to the ultrasound-only group (79.00%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of difficult catheter delivery and replace the punctured vessel, and the incidences of blocked blood return in the ECG-plus-ultrasound group was significantly better than the ultrasound group (9.55%) (χ2 = 14.402, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
In patients with severe brain injury, ECG-guided tip positioning combined with ultrasound guidance in PICC catheterization can significantly increase the rate of correct tip placement without increasing the difficulty of catheterization.
Biopolymer-based sustainable Internet of Things for smart homes
Authors: Lebedev Vladimir , Lebedeva Katerina , Cherkashina Anna , Voronkin Andrij , Kopach Volodymyr , Petrushenko Sergey , Fedonenko Alina , Klochko Natalja 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the infrastructure of the future, based on intelligent computerized systems and control and monitoring devices, the smart home is part of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, in addition to the need to address energy consumption, the widespread adoption of smart homes may also exacerbate the growing problem of increasing amounts of non-recyclable e-waste from IoT devices. Compared to synthetic plastics, biopolymers offer many unique advantages such as robust structure, light weight, mechanical flexibility, biocompatibility, biodegradability and renewability. Biopolymers, which are abundant in natural products such as cellulose, silk fibroin, polylactic acid, chitosan, collagen, keratin, alginate, starch and gelatin, have great promise for the production of environmentally friendly Internet of Things devices. They are ideal candidates for the use of low-temperature sol–gel coating and ink-printing processes to facilitate the development of low-cost, large-area flexible electronic devices. This work presents developments known from the literature, as well as the results of original research on the use of biopolymer materials to create flexible, wearable and textile electronic devices, such as sensors, energy storage devices and nanogenerators, soft hydrogel actuators and wireless communication devices that are promising for the Internet of Things but have not yet been implemented in smart homes.
Graphical Abstract
LIMIT COMPLEXITIES, MINIMAL DESCRIPTIONS, AND n-RANDOMNESS
Authors: DOWNEY RODNEY , LIU LU , NG KENG MENG , TURETSKY DANIEL 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Let K denote prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity, and let

$K^A$

denote it relative to an oracle A. We show that for any n,

$K^{\emptyset ^{(n)}}$

is definable purely in terms of the unrelativized notion K. It was already known that 2-randomness is definable in terms of K (and plain complexity C) as those reals which infinitely often have maximal complexity. We can use our characterization to show that n-randomness is definable purely in terms of K. To do this we extend a certain “limsup” formula from the literature, and apply Symmetry of Information. This extension entails a novel use of semilow sets, and a more precise analysis of the complexity of

$\Delta _2^0$

sets of minimal descriptions.
Eschatological naturalism and ecological responsibility: Troubling some assumptions
Authors: Tranter Samuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe connection between ecological responsibility and differing conceptions of Christian eschatology is widely observed. It is often assumed that the necessary response to Christian environmental inaction is affirmation of a strongly this-worldly vision of new creation (so, influentially, N. T. Wright). However, recent systematic theology has seen retrieval of elements of eschatology that foreground discontinuity and transcendence (e.g. Hans Boersma). Moreover, there are exegetical challenges to continuationist claims (e.g. Markus Bockmuehl and Edward Adams) and doctrinal reactions to ‘eschatological naturalism’ (Katherine Sonderegger and Michael Allen). Where does this leave the connection between ecological witness and the content of Christian hope? Doubtless, continuationist accounts have some salutary emphases, but on exegetical, doctrinal and moral grounds I seek to disentangle the assumed compact of particular construals of this-worldly continuity and ethical commitment. Finally, drawing on James Cone's meditations upon black spiritual traditions, I explore how discontinuous interpretations of the life to come themselves need not undermine responsible action.
Kardeş Türküler as ‘art action’: The multiple cultural heritages of Anatolia
Authors: Eren Ozan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on Kardeş Türküler, a band that reflects the multiple cultural heritages of Anatolia in its concerts and albums. Kardeş Türküler has taken a unique stance in choosing to express itself from a culturally pluralistic perspective rather than following a single language or identity. Referring to Kardeş Türküler as ‘art action’, and utilising the non-reductive methods of John Street that focus on the two-way interaction between music and politics, I conducted in-depth interviews in 2017, 2020 and 2021 with the core members and the former coach of the group regarding its intellectual roots and internal modus operandi. There are three main reasons for Kardeş Türküler's deep engagement with music as protest: being against the cultural–artistic policies of the Republican period; the political meaning of making multilingual music in Turkiye; and Kardeş Türküler's engagement with post-neoliberal street protests such as the Gezi Park movement.
International zones in global urban history
Authors: Ross Anna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This survey introduces the reader to the history of international zones. It argues that they offer striking insights into peacekeeping during the transition from a world of formal empires to one dominated by sovereign states. While the study of international zones is not new, there has been little examination of internationalization in practice. The survey suggests some of the benefits of adopting this approach and findings it might unearth.
Religion, spirituality, and susceptibility to conspiracy theories: examining the role of analytic thinking and post-critical beliefs
Authors: Jedinger Alexander , Siegers Pascal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has increased the political and scholarly attention on conspiracy theories. Among other predictors, religious and spiritual influences on conspiracy beliefs have been widely discussed in the literature. We suggest analyzing the relationship between religion and spirituality on the one hand and conspiracy beliefs on the other hand from the perspective of religious information processing. Based on the Post-Critical Beliefs Scale (PCBS), we argue that literal interpretations of religious information are positively associated with conspiracy beliefs. Furthermore, we assume that individual differences in analytic cognitive style account for the relationship between religious attitudes, spirituality, and conspiracism. Using a quota sample of German adults, we find that literal interpretations of religious content positively correlate with conspiracy beliefs for the literal affirmation of transcendence (e.g., orthodoxy) and the literal disaffirmation of transcendence (e.g., atheism). These findings suggest that religious information processing is related to conspiracy beliefs for religious and nonreligious individuals. Moreover, our results show a stable association between holistic spirituality and conspiracy beliefs. The relationships between different types of religious attitudes, spirituality, and conspiracy beliefs hold, even after accounting for analytic (versus intuitive) thinking. The implications for the study of religious attitudes and conspiracy beliefs are discussed.