bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development and implementation of shared leadership in multi‐generational family firms
Authors: Cater John James , Justis Robert T. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to better understand the development and implementation of shared leadership in multi‐generational family firms. Shared leadership or family top management teams involve multiple family members in the top management and ownership of family firms.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative case study approach was employed, using in‐depth interviews of the top managers of four family businesses. Each case was analyzed separately, and emergent themes found in each case; and then generalizations were made across the four cases in the cross‐case analysis.FindingsEight factors or conditions were examined that affect shared leadership in multi‐generational family firms according to the respondents – long‐term orientation, close communication and shared understanding, resistance to change, succession planning, failure to release control, reporting relationship confusion, increased decision time, and higher decision quality. The result of this study is the production of eight propositions to build theory concerning shared leadership, which is an under‐researched area for family business studies.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is rich in qualitative detail, but with all such case study research, its limitations regarding sample size are recognized.Practical implicationsThis paper views shared leadership as a growing phenomenon that incumbent family business leaders should consider as a viable alternative to primogeniture or the choice of a single successor.Originality/valueThe study described in this paper is groundbreaking in that it examines shared leadership or the development and implementation of top management teams in family firms in depth and detail. The paper contributes a balanced view of the implementation of shared leadership in family firms, exploring both the positive and negative aspects.
Critical factors for implementing green supply chain management practice
Authors: Hu Allen H. , Hsu Chia‐Wei 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore critical factors for implementing green supply chain management (GSCM) practice in the Taiwanese electrical and electronics industries relative to European Union directives.Design/methodology/approachA tentative list of critical factors of GSCM was developed based on a thorough and detailed analysis of the pertinent literature. The survey questionnaire contained 25 items, developed based on the literature and interviews with three industry experts, specifically quality and product assurance representatives. A total of 300 questionnaires were mailed out, and 87 were returned, of which 84 were valid, representing a response rate of 28 percent. Using the data collected, the identified critical factors were performed via factor analysis to establish reliability and validity.FindingsThe results show that 20 critical factors were extracted into four dimensions, which denominated supplier management, product recycling, organization involvement and life cycle management.Research limitations/implicationsThis study obtained 84 valid responses from the Taiwanese electrical and electronics industries, the limitation of the study is the insufficient sampling. Future researches need to be performed using a larger sample and studying more countries.Practical implicationsThe Taiwanese electrical and electronics industry plays a decisive role in the global information and communications technology (ICT) industry. Consequently, the validated instrument enables decision makers at ICT manufacturers to evaluate the perceptions of GSCM in their organizations. In addition, the critical factors of implementing GSCM practices validated in this work can help enterprises identify those areas of GSCM where acceptance and improvements will be made, and in prioritizing GSCM efforts.Originality/valueThis study presents an empirical investigation of GSCM practices, and fills a gap in the literature on the identification and establishment of critical factors for GSCM implementation in electrical and electronics industries.
Understanding individual action: when employees contravene management directives to foster knowledge sharing
Authors: Obembe Demola 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the implications of managerial decisions where such decisions run contrary to norms, values and espoused beliefs of individual employees, and threaten existing relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a qualitative study of a single case organization in the construction industry. Data were drawn from a wider data set of 27 in‐depth interviews. Empirical findings are presented as a narrative and interpreted using Bourdieu's habitus as an analytic tool.FindingsThis paper finds that perceptions and past considerations of individual actors may determine predispositions to engage in knowledge sharing practices, in direct contravention of managerial directives.Research limitations/implicationsBeing a single case study, although substantive conclusions are drawn from the research they are however not subject to extensive generalization. Future research can assess the dynamics of employee reactions to conflicting directives within different contexts, to facilitate further generalizations.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that tensions will arise where organizational directives run contrary to individual beliefs and predispositions, and as such the onus is on organizations, wishing to avoid such tensions and foster employee commitment, to devise effective means of ensuring fit between management strategies and perceptions of organizational obligations.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the knowledge sharing literature by exploring micro‐level dynamics in knowledge sharing practices. It also highlights the inherent value of sustained relationships in enabling knowledge sharing among organizational employees.
A scenario approach for assessing new business concepts
Authors: Piirainen Kalle , Kortelainen Samuli , Elfvengren Kalle , Tuominen Markku 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine challenges in the front end of innovation (FEI) and to propose a scenario‐based approach to alleviate some of these problems, particularly as regards uncertainty in opportunity recognition.Design/methodology/approachThe paper answers the main research question through a literature review and a case study. The paper employs the design‐oriented approach to propose an artifact which solves the underlined problem, and validate the artifact through the case study.FindingsAccording to the literature review, scenarios should offer a viable method for opportunity recognition. The case study supports the theoretical proposition, and suggests that scenarios can be used to alleviate the effect of uncertainty in the FEI.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical results are limited to the level of proof‐of‐concept. The scenario process as such was rated positively, which corresponds to the theory and previous similar experiments, but the benefits of the scenario approach have yet to be verified. Practical implications are a novel method for finding and assessing new business concepts.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is the formed process artifact to alleviate the challenges in the FEI. The scenario approach can be used to probe the near future for business development purposes.
Full engagement: the integration of employee engagement and psychological well‐being
Authors: Robertson Ivan T. , Cooper Cary L. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeBy introducing the concept of “full engagement,” this article aims to propose that employee engagement is more likely to be sustainable when employee well‐being is also high.Design/methodology/approachResearch evidence covering the separate concepts is reviewed and evidence of the benefits that both engagement and well‐being confer on organizations is presented.FindingsMost current perspectives on employee engagement include little of direct relevance to well‐being and reflect a narrow, commitment‐based view of engagement. This view focuses too heavily on benefits to organizations. A broader conception of engagement (referred to as “full engagement”), which includes employee well‐being, is a better basis for building sustainable benefits for individuals and organizations.Research limitations/implicationsResearch exploring the links between employee engagement and well‐being is needed to validate and develop the propositions put forward in this article.Practical implicationsA model for improving full engagement in organizations is presented and brief; case study illustrations are also given.Originality/valueThe integration of well‐being and commitment‐based engagement into the single construct of full engagement provides a novel perspective.
An evolutionary complex systems decision‐support tool for the management of operations
Authors: Baldwin James S. , Allen Peter M. , Ridgway Keith 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this is to add both to the development of complex systems thinking in the subject area of operations and production management and to the limited number of applications of computational models and simulations from the science of complex systems. The latter potentially offer helpful decision‐support tools for operations and production managers.Design/methodology/approachA mechanical engineering firm was used as a case study where a combined qualitative and quantitative methodological approach was employed to extract the required data from four senior managers. Company performance measures as well as firm technologies, practices and policies, and their relation and interaction with one another, were elicited. The data were subjected to an evolutionary complex systems (ECS) model resulting in a series of simulations.FindingsThe findings highlighted the effects of the diversity in management decision making on the firm's evolutionary trajectory. The CEO appeared to have the most balanced view of the firm, closely followed by the marketing and research and development managers. The manufacturing manager's responses led to the most extreme evolutionary trajectory where the integrity of the entire firm came into question particularly when considering how employees were utilised.Research limitations/implicationsBy drawing directly from the opinions and views of managers, rather than from logical “if‐then” rules and averaged mathematical representations of agents that characterise agent‐based and other self‐organisational models, this work builds on previous applications by capturing a micro‐level description of diversity that has been problematical both in theory and application.Practical implicationsThis approach can be used as a decision‐support tool for operations and other managers providing a forum with which to explore: the strengths, weaknesses and consequences of different decision‐making capacities within the firm; the introduction of new manufacturing technologies, practices and policies; and the different evolutionary trajectories that a firm can take.Originality/valueWith the inclusion of “micro‐diversity”, ECS modelling moves beyond the self‐organisational models that populate the literature but has not as yet produced a great many practical simulation results. This work is a step in that direction.
R&D framework for an intelligent fabric sample management system
Authors: Moon Ka‐Leung , Ngai Eric W.T. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the problems encountered by clothing merchandisers in managing fabric sample resources, and analyses their expectations of and requirements for a desirable management solution. It then aims to consider the architectural design of an intelligent fabric sample management system prototype, and the development of a construction and implementation plan for a fashion enterprise to install the system.Design/methodology/approachA three‐stage methodological approach is adopted. The first stage is a preliminary study using in‐depth interviews with potential system users; the second involves the architectural design of a five‐component system prototype; and the third develops a multi‐phase construction and implementation plan using a case study.FindingsFour categories of problems in the management of fabric sample resources are identified, the system architecture is designed, and a construction and implementation plan is proposed. Managerial and theoretical implications are also discussed.Practical implicationsThe design process of the research and development (R&D) framework enables fashion enterprises to obtain a deeper understanding of their operations in managing fabric samples and to make wiser decisions in resource allocation. By taking the specific needs of system users into consideration, system solution developers are able to design tailor‐made software packages that are intelligent, user‐friendly and user‐oriented.Originality/valueThrough a logical and systematic process of designing the R&D framework, the paper identifies some “technological rules” which links up the practice of solving an industrial problem with the formulation of substantive theories. This adds to the application of design science research.
Values based supply chain management and emergent organizational structures
Authors: Pullman Madeleine E. , Dillard Jesse 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe an emergent supply chain management system that supports a sustainable values based organization (VBO) using a structuration theory‐based framework.Design/methodology/approachA case study of a sustainable beef cooperative employing a structuration theory framework provides insights into sustainable supply chain management models.FindingsThe supply chain design and management afford the key to the VBO's success. In order to attain the necessary price premium, the unique product attributes acquired through the natural beef production process must be sustained along the entire supply chain and communicated to the end customer. Structuration theory is useful in understanding supply chain management in VBOs.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper has implications for studying VBOs, particularly those prioritizing sustainability values. The descriptive model presented is useful in settings where organizational structure and the supply chain are needed to support sustainable products and processes and whose success is facilitated by establishing strategic partners, especially those that make possible economies of scale. The study is limited to one, privately owned firm, operating in a specialty industry sector.Practical implicationsThe paper has implications for those entities with an identified values set that endows the product with unique characteristics that must be conveyed to their end consumer in order to command a price premium and/or differentiate the product from a commodity. The case study provides an example of how a unique product as well as a facilitating organizational structure and supply chain emerge out of the application of a set of core values.Originality/valueLittle previous research focuses on implications of supply chain management in VBOs. In addition, the paper contributes to both the supply chain management and sustainability literature by relating supply chain management to a more comprehensive sustainability agenda including social, environmental, and long‐term economic sustainability and by a theoretically based structuring.
Remarks on symmetry conditions in computational homogenisation problems
Authors: Saavedra Flores E.I. , de Souza Neto E.A. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use symmetry conditions for the reduction of computing times in problems involving finite element‐based multi‐scale constitutive models of nonlinear heterogeneous media.Design/methodology/approachTwo types of representative volume element (RVE) symmetry often found in practice are considered: staggered‐translational and point symmetry. These are analyzed under three types RVE of kinematical constraints: periodic boundary fluctuations (typical of periodic media), linear boundary displacements (which gives an upper bound for the macroscopic stiffness) and the minimum kinematical constraint (corresponding to uniform boundary tractions and providing a lower bound for the macroscopic stiffness).FindingsNumerical examples show that substantial savings in computing times are achieved by taking advantage of such symmetries. These are particularly pronounced in fully coupled two‐scale analyses, where the macroscopic equilibrium problem is solved simultaneously with a large number of microscopic equilibrium problems at Gauss‐point level. Speed‐up factors in excess of seven have been found in such cases, when both symmetry conditions considered are present at the same time.Originality/valueThis paper extends the original considerations of Ohno et al. to account for other RVE kinematical constraints, namely, the linear boundary displacement and the minimum kinematical constraint (or uniform boundary traction model). Provides a more precise assessment of the impact of the use of such symmetries on computing times by means of numerical examples. In addition, for completeness, the direct enforcement of such constraints within a Newton‐based finite element solution procedure for the RVE equilibrium problem is detailed in the paper.
The value of audit qualifications in China
Authors: Czernkowski Robert , Green Wendy , Wang Yi 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine whether audit opinions matter in China after the introduction of several key regulatory changes, specifically aimed at strengthening the confidence of investors in the audit function.Design/methodology/approachThe question is addressed by examining the market response to modified audit opinions of companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange.FindingsIn contrast to earlier research, this paper does not find evidence that modified audit opinions have significant information value to Chinese investors, despite the regulatory changes. However, when partitioning the sample by year, there is weak evidence of a stock price response to modified audit opinions in 2003. Examination of the impact of different types of audit opinions shows no consistent results.Research limitations/implicationsThe results reported in this paper must be considered in light of the limitations inherent in empirical analyses. That is, the relationships identified in this paper are indicative of potential earnings management or audit opinion shopping, however, the paper cannot provide the actual reasons for these empirical results.Practical implicationsThe results suggest the Chinese market is beginning to value audit opinions in the same fashion way as more developed markets.Originality/valueThe paper refines market reaction models used in earlier studies through the introduction of additional explanatory variables, together with an improved methodology.
Do client dependence and amount of audit fees affect lending decisions?
Authors: Schneider Arnold 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to examine whether lending decisions are affected by knowledge about the auditor's revenue dependence on a client and whether the amount spent by a company on audit fees (AF) affects lending decisions concerning the company.Design/methodology/approachThe approach used is a behavioral experiment where risk assessments and lending decisions are made by bank loan officers for four hypothetical lending scenarios.FindingsThe paper finds that loan officers' decisions are not affected by knowledge about the size of a client's AF or by the auditor's revenue dependence on a client.Research limitations/implicationsLending officers typically obtain more information about a prospective borrower than is provided in the research questionnaire. As well, economic incentives such as being fired for making poor lending decisions are absent in the paper. Also, the AF variable is subject to two divergent interpretations.Practical implicationsLenders need not be provided with information about the size of an applicant's AF or the auditor's revenues received from the applicant in relation to its total revenues.Originality/valueWhile each of these two issues (revenue dependence and AF size) has been addressed in prior research studies, no study has examined both of these aspects of audit quality together.
Recognition and re‐visualization of woven fabric structures
Authors: Potiyaraj Pranut , Subhakalin Chutipak , Sawangharsub Benchaphon , Udomkichdecha Werasak 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a computerized program that can recognize woven fabric structures and simultaneously use the obtained data to 3D re‐visualize the corresponding woven fabric structures.Design/methodology/approachA 2D bitmap image of woven fabric was initially acquired using an ordinary desktop flatbed scanner. Through several image‐processing and analysis techniques as well as recognition algorithms, the weave pattern was then identified and stored in a digital format. The weave pattern data were then used to construct warp and weft yarn paths based on Peirce's geometrical model.FindingsBy combining relevant weave parameters, including yarn sizes, warp and weft densities, yarn colours as well as cross‐sectional shapes, a 3D image of yarns assembled together as a woven fabric structure is produced and shown on a screen through the virtual reality modelling language browser.Originality/valueWoven fabric structures can now be recognised and simultaneously use the obtained data to 3D re‐visualize the corresponding woven fabric structures.
Fit analysis using live and 3D scan models
Authors: Bye Elizabeth , McKinney Ellen 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a “good fit” for garments for customer satisfaction, comfort, and functionality as well as a manufacturer's success and reputation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews and evaluates garments on a live fit model and makes recommendations for the acceptance or modification of the garment for production. As more manufacturing, product development, and designing responsibilities continue to take place globally, alternatives to the traditional fit analysis are under consideration.FindingsFit analysis using live and three‐dimensional scan models as an alternative to the traditional fit analysis are under consideration.Originality/valueThis paper evaluates garments on a live fit model and makes recommendations for the acceptance or modification of the garment for production.
Automatic basic garment pattern generation using three‐dimensional measurements
Authors: Hyo Kim Choong , Hwan Sul In , Kyu Park Chang , Kim Sungmin 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate the generation of basic garment pattern using three‐dimensional body measurement data.Design/methodology/approachA pre‐defined garment model is deformed using free‐form deformation method and the model is flattened to generate flat patterns.FindingsThe paper finds that individual basic garment patterns are automatically generated and verified to be well fit on human subjects.Research limitations/implicationsThe current approach is to focus on the generation of basic bodice patterns; however, other patterns can also be generated by this method by preparing more garment models.Practical implicationsThis method can reduce the time required to design basic patterns as well as enhance their fitness.Originality/valueThe automatic generation of individually fitted garment pattern is one of the most important steps in future garment production process.