bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor‐associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG‐72) expression in salivary gland neoplasia: an immunohistochemical study using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) CC49
Authors: Epivatianos A. , Poulopoulos A. , Kayavis I. , Papanayotou P. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate immunohistochemically the expression of tumor‐associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG‐72) using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) CC49 in salivary gland neoplasia and normal salivary glands in an attempt to determine the potential usefulness of MAb CC49 in diagnostic and therapetic applications.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty‐six specimens (21 benign tumors, 41 malignant, and 24 normal salivary glands), fixed in 10% formalin and embedded in paraffin, were retrieved from the files of the Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology at the Dental School of Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece, and were retrospectively studied with hematoxylin and eosin and with the streptavidin‐biotin‐complex method using the MAb CC49.RESULTS: Strong immunoreactivity for TAG‐72 was observed in salivary duct carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, papillary cystadenocarcinoma, low‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, normal submandibular, sublingual, and minor salivary glandS. Weak or no immunoreactivity was found in adenoid cystic carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma, and normal parotid gland.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest the potential use of MAb CC49 in the differential diagnosis of some salivary gland neoplasms in which their histopathologic features overlap, and in the radiation immunolocalization and immunotherapy of malignant tumors that are localized in the parotid gland.
Structured review of enamel erosion literature (1980–1998): a critical appraisal of experimental, clinical and review publications
Authors: Maupome G. , Ray JM 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE: To attain an objective account of the methods to measure enamel erosion used in 1980–1998 publications, a structured review of the literature was undertaken.METHODS: Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to 731 clinical/experimental research and review reportS. Eighty‐five included papers were subsequently rated according to ‘hierarchy of evidence’ guidelines to assess the strength of the report's design and the relevance of the evidence to replicating enamel erosionin vivoin humanS. Scores were assigned to rate each aspect in the guidelines.RESULTS: A total of 16 clinical, 13 review and 56 experimental papers were assessed; 36.4% were published during 1996–1998.Excluding reviews, 16 papers were qualitative and 56 quantitative; 51 used human enamel. Our classification yielded nine groups of methods (five scoring systems and 26 measurement techniques).CTFPHE (Can Med Assoc J1992; 147: 443) grading of research reports indicated that 2.8% provided evidence grade I; 20.8%, grade IIa; 63.9%, grade III; and 12.5%, grade IV.CONCLUSIONS: There has been a consistent increase in the body of knowledge. The overall quality of publications has not substantially changed over time. Experimental studies were more often quantitative, and quantitative studies had better research designS. No single group of research methods had obviously superior research designs.
Evaluation of p53, PCNA, Ki‐67, MDM2 and AgNOR in oral peripheral and central giant cell lesions
Authors: Souza PEA , Mesquita RA , Gomez RS 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES: Peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL) and central giant cell lesion (CGCL) of the jaws have a distinct clinical behaviour. Whether such biological differences are supported by a distinct pattern of proliferation markers or cell cycle associated proteins expression is not known. Therefore the purpose of the present study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of p53, MDM2, Ki‐67, PCNA and the histochemical expression of argyrophilic nuclear organiser region (AgNOR) on PGCL and CGCL of the jaws.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paraffin wax blocks of 14 cases of PGCL and 12 cases of CGCL were retrieved. A biotin‐streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of the antigens. The AgNOR number was also evaluated.RESULTS: Ki‐67 immunoreactivity was greater in the mononuclear cells of PGCL compared to CGCL. PCNA and AgNOR staining were similar in PGCL and CGCL. Prominent MDM2 immunoreactivy was observed in all tissues investigated. By contrast, there was no p53 immunoreactivity.CONCLUSIONS: Although CGCL present a more aggressive clinical behaviour, it has a decreased proliferative activity compared to PGCL. Finally, p53, MDM2, PCNA, Ki‐67 immunohistochemical expression and AgNOR histochemical expression do not reflect their distinct biological behaviour.
Growth Hormone Secretion and Response to Growth Hormone Therapy after Treatment for Brain Tumour
Authors: LANNERING B. , MARKY I. , MELLANDER L. , ALBERTSSON‐WIKLAND K. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTChildren irradiated for brain tumours constitute an increasing group of patients who will require GH therapy. High‐dose cranial irradiation is necessary for cure, but inevitably causes GH deficiency within a few years. In 19 patients investigated between 2 and 9 years after irradiation, the spontaneous 24‐hour GH secretion was markedly reduced. The secretory pattern indicated loss of regulating hypothalamic hormones. After exogenous GHRH was administered, the pituitary was able to respond with a prompt GH release, showing that pituitary function was unaffected. Ten prepubertal children growing at 3.8 ± 0.3 cm/year were treated with GH, 0.1 IU/kg/day S.C. Their growth rate increased to 8.2 ± 0.4 cm in the first year. An increased growth rate was also maintained in the second year.
Growth and Growth Hormone Therapy of Children Treated for Leukaemia
Authors: COWELL C.T. , QUIGLEY C.A , MOORE B. , KIRK J.A. , BERGIN M. , JIMENEZ M. , STEVENS M.M. , HOWARD N.J. , MENSER M.A. , SILINK M. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTA total of 37 children (24 male, 13 female) who had been treated for leukaemia with chemotherapy and 24 Gy cranial irradiation, and who were disease free for at least 18 months, were commenced on somatrem at a mean of 7.6 years (range, 4.8‐12.1 years) after leukaemia diagnosis because of growth rate below the 25th centile for bone age. Peak GH response to provocation (exercise, arginine, insulin hypoglycaemia) was less than 20 milliunits/litre in 27 children (deficient group) and 20 milliunits/litre or more in 10 children (non‐deficient group). The mean height SD decrease from diagnosis of leukaemia to commencement of somatrem was 1.98, 86% of the children decreasing by more than 1 SD. Those who were tall for age at leukaemia diagnosis and females were more severely affected. Mean (LSD) height velocity increased on somatrem from 2.7 ± 1.1 to 6.6 ± 2.2 cm/year during the first 6 months (n = 251, and to 6.0 ± 1.7 cm/year during the first 12 months (n = 19). No difference in growth response was seen between the sexes or between the deficient and non‐deficient groups. Catch‐up growth occurred for the first 6 months only. It is concluded that children with a low growth rate after treatment of leukaemia should be considered for GH therapy irrespective of the results of GH provocative tests.
Upper gastrointestinal disease, Helicobacter pylori and recurrent abdominal pain
Authors: Roma E , Panayiotou J , Kafritsa Y , Van‐Vliet C , Gianoulia A , Constantopoulos A 
Published: August 2010

Roma E, Panayiotou J, Kafritsa Y, Van‐Vliet C, Gianoulia A, Constantopoulos A. Upper gastrointestinal disease, Helicobacter pylori and recurrent abdominal pain. Acta Pædiatr 1999; 88: 598‐601. Stockholm. ISSN 0803‐5253Over a 5‐y period, 396 children complaining of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in order to identify any underlying organic pathology and determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Histologically confirmed mucosal inflammation was found in 338 out of 396 children (85.4%); in 113 of 396 patients (28.5%), H. pylori was identified on the gastric mucosa. Significant discriminating factors between H. pylori positive and negative children with RAP included age (mean age for positive 11 y vs. 8.1 y for negative, p < 0.01) and gender (male gender predominance in the H. pylori positive, p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between H. pylori positive and negative groups regarding incidence and character of the presenting symptoms. All H. pylori positive children (100%) had abnormal histology compared with 225 out of 283 negative ones (79.5%). Histologically confirmed gastritis was the most prominent finding in H. pylori positive children compared with H. pylori negative (98.2% vs. 19%, p < 0.001). Conversely, oesophagitis was more common in H. pylori negative children (47.7% vs. 27.4%, p < 0.001). The incidence of peptic ulcer was higher in H. pylori infected patients than in the H. pylori negative group (5.3% vs. 1%, p < 0.05). Our data suggest that gastrointestinal pathology is more common than previously thought in children with RAP, while H. pylori infection is a relatively important factor in the etiology of upper gastrointestinal inflammation in RAP syndrome. □Helicobacter pylori, recurrent abdominal pain, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Height, health and growth hormone
Authors: Samaras TT , Elrick H , Storms LH 
Published: August 2010

Samaras TT, Elrick H, Storms LH. Height, health and growth hormone. Acta Pædiatr 1999; 88: 602‐9. Stockholm. ISSN 0803‐5253The principal objective of this paper is to provide health practitioners with information on the positive aspects of shorter stature for use in counseling short children with poor self‐images. Another objective is to provide information on the physical capabilities, health potential and psychosocial characteristics of shorter stature as a baseline for deciding whether a healthy short child should receive growth hormone therapy. The information presented here was obtained from review of publications covering medical and nutritional research, gerontological studies, athletic performance and environmental, biological and engineering aspects of the human body. It was found that the popular belief in the superiority of tall stature is based primarily on social bias rather than on a scientific foundation. Studies indicating that taller people are healthier or more productive than shorter ones have ignored a wide range of evidence that shorter people are highly creative, productive, long‐lived, athletic and better for the environment. The authors urge medical and scientific professionals to consider the many advantages of shorter stature in terms of health, social and environmental benefits. □Body height, body size, growth hormone, health, human survival, longevity, nutrition, short stature, weight
Education of staff–a key factor for a safe environment in day care
Authors: Sellström E , Bremberg S 
Published: August 2010

In order to create a safe environment in day‐care settings, an understanding of factors within the organization of day care, factors which influence safety, is essential. Day‐care directors in 83 daycare centres completed a mail‐in survey that contained questions about professional experience, the day‐care centre's organization of child safety measures and a battery of questions designed to evaluate the directors' perceptions and beliefs about child safety. The day‐care directors also carried out a safety inspection at their centre. The results were analysed using the multivariate logistic regression technique. The existence of a continuing plan for continued staff education in child safety was shown to be the strongest predictor of few safety hazards in day‐care centres. The day‐care directors' perceptions and beliefs about injury prevention were of less importance.Conclusions: This study indicates that in order to promote safety in day‐care settings, an on‐going plan for continued staff education in child safety should be a matter of routine. The introduction of such a plan should be the concern of the individual day‐care directors, policy‐makers and managers at the local and national level, and health professionals working in this field.
Foetal size to final height
Authors: Karlberg J , Luo ZC 
Published: August 2010

It is well known that some adult diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, may be programmed during foetal life. It is not clear, however, whether final height may be predicted from foetal growth. A longitudinal cohort of full‐term healthy Swedish babies (n = 3650) was followed up from birth to maturity in a population‐based growth study. Length or height and its changes were analysed from birth to 18 y of age; 2807 children, with data available on birth length, final height and parental height, were included in this analysis. The result clearly shows that length at birth relates to final height. In terms of standard deviation scores (SDS), the mean difference in length at birth from the mean was greatly decreased in final height, but retained the same order as was seen at birth. In terms of centimeter difference from the reference mean values, the difference in length at birth remained roughly stable into final height. For instance, babies 5 cm above or below the mean birth length will end up approximately 5 cm above or below the mean in final height. Parental height–a surrogate value of the genetic final height potential of an individual–is shown to influence postnatal growth in height strongly. However, the difference from the mean in length at birth remained into adulthood within the same midparental height group.Conclusion: This study reveals that trends in foetal linear growth continue into maturity. Foetal growth is a significant predictor of postnatal growth. Final height is dependent on both the magnitude of foetal growth and the genetic potential in stature, and appears to some extent to be programmed from foetal growth.
Colic in breast‐milk‐fed infants: treatment by temporary substitution of Neocate infant formula
Authors: Estep DC , Kulczycki A 
Published: August 2010

Infant colic is a common problem characterized by excessive crying and fussing. We examined whether colic symptoms of exclusively breast‐milk‐fed infants would be improved by temporary substitution of Neocate, an amino acid‐based infant formula, for breast milk. Six infants with colic were studied using Barr‐type infant behavior diaries for a 3‐5 d baseline period while they continued exclusive breast‐milk‐feeding, followed by a 4‐8 d intervention period of exclusive Neocate feeding. All infants showed improvement in distressed behavior during intervention; five of the six improved within 1‐2 d. For the period after 1 d of Neocate feeding, the total recorded crying and fussing time was reduced by an average of 42%, representing a decrease of 1.0 to 3.1 h daily. A significant difference was found between cry and fuss time at baseline versus during exclusive Neocate use. Concurrent with Neocate intervention, mothers strictly avoided all milk and dairy products. After colic symptoms improved, infants were reintroduced to breast milk, which was reasonably well tolerated in four of the six infants. Two infants had rapid recurrences of crying and fussing upon return to breastfeeding and required an additional period of Neocate feedings before subsequent reintroduction to breastfeeding. All infants exhibited colic symptoms when directly or indirectly challenged with bovine IgG (BGG), suggesting that BGG may play an etiologic role in colic.We propose that a brief intervention with Neocate, coupled with strict maternal avoidance of milk and dairy products under direct supervision of a lactation consultant, may be an effective treatment for colic in some breast‐milk‐fed infants.
Non‐infectious causes of uveitis in 70 Swiss children
Authors: Stoffel PB , Sauvain MJ , von Vigier RO , Beretta‐Piccoli BC , Ramelli GP , Bianchetti MG 
Published: August 2010

Many diseases are linked with uveitis, but few studies have specifically looked at the noninfectious triggers of childhood uveitis in Central Europe. The charts of 70 paediatric patients with non‐infectious uveitis admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, University of Bern, Switzerland, between 1983 and 1998 were therefore reviewed. In the patients the age at presentation with uveitis ranged between 0.3 and 16 y, median 8.5 y. Based on the localization, uveitis anterior was diagnosed in most cases (n= 40; 57%), followed by panuveitis (n= 20; 29%) and uveitis posterior (n= 10; 14%). Uveitis was chronic in 54 (77%) and acute in 16 (23%), bilateral in 38 (54%) and unilateral in 32 (46%) cases. An associated condition was noted in 32 (46%) cases: juvenile idiopathic arthritis in 24 cases, sarcoidosis and juvenile spondyloarthropathy in 3 cases, and Sjögren's syndrome and Behçet's disease in 1 case each. In the remaining 38 (54%) patients, no associated condition was diagnosed.It is concluded that in Swiss children, uveitis can be due to a wide spectrum of non‐infectious diseases, juvenile idiopathic arthritis being the leading cause. In the majority of the children, no associated condition was recognized.
Nitric oxide and hyperoxia in oxidative lung injury
Authors: Turanlahti M , Pesonen E , Lassus P , Andersson S 
Published: August 2010

Therapy with inhaled nitric oxide is usually given with high concentrations of oxygen. As nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical and hyperoxia increases oxygen radical production, we examined the effect of short exposure to NO or oxygen (O2) or both, on free radical‐mediated changes in macromolecules, i.e. lipids and proteins, in vivo. Wistar rats were exposed to >95% O2 or 40 ppm NO, or both, for 6 h. Rats in 21% O2 served as controls. Lipid peroxidation was quantified as expired pentane, oxidative protein modification as carbonyl concentration, and pulmonary neutrophil accumulation as myeloperoxidase activity in the lungs. Hyperoxia for 6 h caused higher expired pentane (4.83 ± 1.39 pmol/min/100 g) and protein carbonylation (15.91 ± 2.49 nmol/mg) compared to controls (2.26 ± 1.00 pmol/min/100 g, and 7.40 ± 1.12 nmol/mg, respectively; both p < 0.05). After exposure to NO in air, protein carbonylation (14.50 ± 5.44 nmol/mg) and myeloperoxidase activity (4.85 ± 1.52 mU/mg) were higher than in controls (myeloperoxidase 2.49 ± 0.56 mU/mg; both p < 0.05). NO with hyperoxia decreased pentane (2.56 ± 1.51 pmol/min/ 100 g) and protein carbonylation (11.38 ± 3.58 nmol/mg) compared to hyperoxia (both p < 0.05). Conclusion: In vivo, 6 h exposure to hyperoxia or to 40 ppm NO induces free radical‐mediated lung injury. The combination of hyperoxia and 40 ppm NO significantly attenuates free radical‐mediated effects in the lungs compared to hyperoxia or 40 ppm NO in air.
Phagocyte activation in preterm infants following premature rupture of the membranes or chorioamnionitis
Authors: Nupponen I , Venge P , Pohjavuori M , Lassus P , Andersson S 
Published: August 2010

Phagocyte activation was studied in 48 preterm infants, gestational age 27.3 ± 0.3 wk, birthweight 968 ± 40 g, during the first postnatal week. Human neutrophil lipocalin as a marker of neutrophil activation was measured in plasma and tracheal aspirate fractions; and lysozyme, as a marker of monocyte and macrophage activation, in plasma. The concentration of plasma human neutrophil lipocalin was 69 (46–126) μg/l (median and quartiles), tracheal aspirate fraction fluid 213 (71–433) (μg/l and plasma lysozyme 1337 (923–1764) μg/l. Infants born to mothers with premature rupture of the membranes or clinical chorioamnionitis (group A, n 20) had significantly higher plasma [73 (58–151) vs 53 (38–108) μg/l; p 0.027], and tracheal aspirate fraction human neutrophil lipocalin [319 (129–540) vs 190 (57–324) μg/l; p= 0.019], and plasma lysozyme [1739 (1356–2021) vs 1140 (739–1557) μg/l; p 0.0001] than did infants whose mothers had intact membranes and who had no suspicion of infection (Group B, n 28). In infants born to mothers receiving corticosteroids ante partum, correlations existed between time from treatment to delivery and plasma (r 0.322, p 0.0256) and tracheal aspirate fraction human neutrophil lipocalin (r= 0.314, p 0.0096).Infants born to mothers with at risk of infection are exposed to the potentially harmful effects of activated neutrophils. Premature rupture of the membranes, even without signs of clinical infection of the mother or the fetus, is associated with phagocyte activation that may begin already in utero. Corticosteroid treatment of the mother may cause transient inhibition of neutrophil activation in the newborn.
Socio‐economic differences in daycare arrangements and use of medical care and antibiotics in Swedish preschool children
Authors: Hjern A , Haglund B , Rasmussen F , Rosen M 
Published: August 2010

In this study we describe socio‐economic patterns of daycare enrolment, medical care and antibiotics in children, 0–5 y, whose parents participated in the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions 1996–97. Children in families with low socio‐economic status and unemployed parents were less often enrolled in out‐of‐home care. Multivariate analyses (adjusted for various socio‐demographic indicators, type of daycare and chronic morbidity) demonstrated that children 1–5 y in families with low social status (low parental education and/or low SES) were less likely to have paid a visit to a physician because of an acute infection during the previous 3 mo [odds ratio (OR) 0.6 (0.4–0.8)] or to have consumed antibiotics during the previous 12 mo [OR 0.8 (0.6–1.0)] compared to children with a higher social status. Children in out‐of‐home care more often had paid a visit to a physician because of an acute infection during the previous 3 mo [OR 1.5 (1.2–1.9)] and more often had consumed antibiotics during the previous 12 mo [OR 1.7 (1.3–2.1)] than children in home care. The effect of out‐of‐home care on use of medical care and antibiotics decreased with increasing age of the child, and deviated from the null hypothesis in children 1–3 y only. Conclusion: Preschool children in families with a low social status consume less medical care and are less likely to attend out‐of‐home care compared to children with a higher social status in Swedish society. This inequity needs to be addressed in social and health policy.
Development of schoolchildren's smoking habits: questionnaire studies in intervention and control groups
Authors: Edvardsson I , Håkansson A 
Published: August 2010

The objective of the present study was to describe the development of smoking from the sixth grade (age 12) to the eighth (age 14), for girls and for boys, and to study the effect of a simple anti‐smoking intervention carried out in the sixth grade. All the roughly 2000 schoolchildren in Kronoberg County, born in 1982, completed an annual anonymous classroom questionnaire on smoking habits in the years 1994–96. In 1994, there were two visits, each lasting 80 min, by a campaigner from A Non‐Smoking Generation to the 59 schools which opted for intervention, and no visits to the 21 schools which declined intervention. Before the intervention there were no differences in the frequency of smokers between the intervention group and the control group. In 2y the proportion of smokers then rose among the girls from 1% to 12% and among the boys from 2% to 7%. Two years after the intervention, the proportion of smokers in the intervention group was approximately two‐thirds of that in the control group. When the statistical analysis was based on the individual pupils, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant, but if the schools were used as the unit of analysis, the result was non‐significant.Even a small‐scale intervention may have an effect on the development of smoking among schoolchildren, but other preventive measures in the schools probably also contributed to the positive development of smoking in the intervention group.