bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective, controlled clinical trial evaluating the clinical radiological and aesthetic outcome after 5 years of immediately placed implants in sockets exhibiting periapical pathology
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Zaugg Balthasar , Philipp Alexander O. H. , Truninger Thomas C. , Siegenthaler David W. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to compare the clinical, aesthetic and radiological outcome of immediately placed implants in sockets with or without periapical pathology 5 years after placement.Materials and methodsTwenty‐seven patients were followed 5 years after immediate implant placement (test‐group: 12 patients with periapical pathologies; control‐group: 15 patients without periapical pathology). Clinical (FMBS, FMPS, CAL, keratinized mucosa), aesthetical (length of clinical crown, Papilla index), and radiological (vertical distance implant shoulder to first bone to implant contact (IS‐BIC)) parameters were assessed. Both 95% confidence intervals, as well as results of statistical tests (one‐sample, two‐sample, paired t‐test) were provided.ResultsAfter 5 years the implant survival rate was 100% for all 27 implants. In the test group the width of the keratinized mucosa increased significantly over the observation period (0.8 ± 1.0 mm). Concerning aesthetic parameters at the 3‐month as well as at the 5‐year examination no statistically significant difference could be found between the two groups. In the control‐group the papilla mesial and distal to the implant increased statistically significant during the observation period by 0.5 ± 0.5 and 0.4 ± 0.6 index score points, respectively. The position of the gingival margin at the implant site and the two neighboring teeth remained stable. At the 5‐year visit IS‐BIC measured between 1.4 ± 0.5 mm (mesial, control) and 1.7 ± 0.7 mm (distal, test), no significant difference could be found between the two groups. Over the observation period no statistically significant change of IS‐BIC could be found in the test‐ as well as in the control‐group. None of the examined radiographs revealed any signs of retrograde peri‐implantitis.ConclusionThe replacement of teeth exhibiting periapical pathologies by implants placed immediately after tooth extraction can be a successful treatment modality with no disadvantages in clinical, aesthetical and radiological parameters to immediately placed implants into healthy sockets.
First reflections: third‐year dentistry students' introduction to reflective practice
Authors: Jonas‐Dwyer D. R. D. , Abbott P. V. , Boyd N. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIntroductionTo develop both professionally and personally, health professionals need to build essential skills in reflective practice. Educators generally agree that these skills should be developed as part of curricula for health professional students. The aims were to introduce reflective practice to third‐year dentistry students and to evaluate the students' self‐perceived reflective skills before and after their reflective activities.Materials and methodsUsing a written questionnaire, third‐year dentistry students' perceptions of reflective practice were gathered before and after their first clinic placement. Students also completed two reflective writing pieces about their clinical placements.ResultsThe students' reflective writing pieces were allocated into one of the three categories: non‐reflector, reflector and critical reflector. Content analysis of students' perceptions of reflective practice revealed nine themes. Eight main themes emerged from students' suggestions for improving their reflective abilities.Discussion and conclusionIssues around the assessment of reflective writing are discussed, and students' suggestions for improving their reflective abilities are presented.
The influences of skin visco‐elasticity, hydration level and aging on the formation of wrinkles: a comprehensive and objective approach
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Kwon Soon Hyo , Huh Chang Hun , Park Kyoung Chan , Youn Sang Woong 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundVarious skin parameters including skin visco‐elasticity and hydration level affect the formation of wrinkles.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the comprehensive and objective relationship between age, skin visco‐elasticity, hydration level, and the occurrence of wrinkles using bioengineering equipments for the first time.MethodsA total number of 97 healthy women were included in this study. Age, Fitzpatrick skin type, skin mechanical parameters obtained with Cutometer®(R0~R9), hydration level measured with Corneometer®, as well as wrinkle parameters (SEsm, SEr, SEsc, and SEw) assessed with Visioscan®, were analyzed with the Pearson's correlation test.ResultsThe skin fluidity (R6) increased while the elastic recovery ratio (R7) decreased with the age. The wrinkle parameter (SEw) also increased with the age. The higher skin hysteresis values (R4 and R9) coincided with the higher SEw values. Skin hydration significantly lowered the hysteresis (R9), the wrinkles (SEw), and the depth of wrinkle furrows (R3mr).ConclusionThe elderly have less elastic skin and more wrinkles. Skin hysteresis most closely related with the degree of wrinkles. Drier skin showed more wrinkles and deeper furrows, with wider intervals. On the basis of these objective findings, we propose several skin parameters associated with wrinkles, and hypothesize the mechanism of wrinkle generation.
Near‐infrared imaging of water in human hair
Authors: Egawa Mariko , Hagihara Motofumi , Yanai Motohiro 
Published: June 2012

Background/purposeThe water content of hair can be evaluated by weighing, the Karl Fischer method, and from electrical properties. However, these methods cannot be used to study the distribution of water in the hair. Imaging techniques are required for this purpose. In this study, a highly sensitive near‐infrared (NIR) imaging system was developed for evaluating water in human hair. The results obtained from NIR imaging and conventional methods were compared.MethodsAn extended indium–gallium–arsenide NIR camera (detection range: 1100–2200 nm) and diffuse illumination unit developed in our laboratory were used to obtain a NIR image of hair. A water image was obtained using a 1950‐nm interference filter and polarization filter. Changes in the hair water content with relative humidity (20–95% RH) and after immersion in a 7% (w/w) sorbitol solution were measured using the NIR camera and an insulation resistance tester. The changes in the water content after treatment with two types of commercially available shampoo were also measured using the NIR camera.ResultsAs the water content increased with changes in the relative humidity, the brightness of the water image decreased and the insulation resistance decreased. The brightness in the NIR image of hair treated with sorbitol solution was lower than that in the image of hair treated with water. This shows the sorbitol‐treated hair contains more water than water‐treated hair. The sorbitol‐treated hair had a lower resistance after treatment than before, which also shows that sorbitol treatment increases the water content. With this system, we could detect a difference in the moisturizing effect between two commercially available shampoos.ConclusionThe highly sensitive imaging system could be used to study water in human hair. Changes in the water content of hair depended on the relative humidity and treatment with moisturizer. The results obtained using the NIR imaging system were similar to those obtained using a conventional method. Our system could detect differences in the moisturizing effects of two commercially available shampoos.
Effectiveness of a mouthrinse containing active ingredients in addition to chlorhexidine and triclosan compared with chlorhexidine and triclosan rinses on plaque, gingivitis, supragingival calculus and extrinsic staining
Authors: Kumar S , Patel S , Tadakamadla J , Tibdewal H , Duraiswamy P , Kulkarni S 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of three different mouthrinses – chlorhexidine, triclosan + sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine + triclosan + sodium fluoride + zinc chloride – on plaque, calculus, gingivitis and stains and to evaluate the occurrence of adverse effects with these three treatments.MethodsForty‐eight healthy subjects participated in a double‐blind, randomized, parallel experiment and were randomly allocated to any one of the three experimental mouthrinses: group A (0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate), group B (0.03% triclosan + 0.025% sodium fluoride (
NaF
) + 12% ethyl alcohol) or group C (0.2% CHX + 0.3% triclosan + 0.3%
NaF
+ 0.09% Zn chloride (
ZnCl
2
). All the subjects were assessed for gingivitis, plaque, supragingival calculus and extrinsic stains at baseline and at the end of the 21‐day experimental period.ResultsThere was a significant difference (P = 0.046) in the effectiveness for the prevention of gingivitis and plaque, with subjects of group A and group C presenting least and highest gingival and plaque scores, respectively. Significant differences (P = 0.03) were observed for the accumulation of supragingival calculus where the deposition of calculus in group A was nearly double that of the group B, and group B was most effective in the prevention of supragingival calculus. Highest deposition of extrinsic stains was in the group A followed by group C and group B. There was no significant difference between the three treatments for adverse events' occurrence.Conclusions
CHX mouthrinse was most effective in controlling plaque and gingivitis but caused greatest deposition of extrinsic stains. Supragingival calculus deposition was least in triclosan +
NaF
group followed by CHX + triclosan +
NaF
+
ZnCl
2
and CHX. More than half of the subjects reported adverse events during the experimental phase.
Has the DRG system impacted on inpatient allergy care in university dermatology departments in Germany?
Authors: Treudler Regina , Meier Florian , Schöffski Oliver , Simon Jan‐Christoph 
Published: June 2012

SummaryBackground: Diagnostic provocation tests (ICD Z01.5) have a low cost weight in the German DRG system. We aimed at investigating a possible economic impact on the number of provocation tests in German university medical centers (UMC) for dermatology.Methods: We review quality records of 35 German UMC for 2008 and 2010 (ICD Z01.5, total number of patients as well as priority ranking).Results: 33/35 hospitals gave full data for both years including the ten most frequent diagnoses. Between 2008 and 2010, total number of patients treated increased in 23/33 (70 %) UMC, those with ICD Z01.5 only in 11/24 (46 %) UMC with full data. In 2008, the ICD Z01.5 was in the top ten list of main diagnoses in 29/33 (88 %) hospitals, in 2010 in 25/33 (76 %); also, priority ranking tended to decrease. In contrast, total number of ICD Z01.5 in Germany tended to increase slightly.Conclusions: We noticed a tendency for decreasing numbers of provocation tests being performed in dermatological UMC in Germany. As there is no evidence for a decreasing number of patients suffering from allergies, one may speculate about a shift to non‐university departments due to an economic impact.
Nursing Interventions for Improving Nutritional Status and Outcomes of Stroke Patients: Descriptive Reviews of Processes and Outcomes
Authors: Perry Lin , Hamilton Sharon , Williams Jane , Jones Susan 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTBackgroundStroke produces many effects that impact eating. Nutrition is fundamental for recovery and rehabilitation, but the nursing nutritional role and associated outcomes have not been delineated.Aims(1) To identify nursing interventions intended to improve nutritional status and related outcomes of stroke survivors, and (2) To examine the outcomes of identified nursing interventions on nutrition‐related outcomes, including dietary intake, functional status, complications, activities of daily living, mortality, and quality of life for stroke survivors.MethodsA modified version of Cochrane literature searching and review methods was used to identify studies that described and evaluated nursing nutritional interventions for adult stroke patients in hospital and community settings. A minimum of 10 years content of seven databases and nine journals was searched to March 2011. Findings were presented descriptively.ResultsIn total 27 papers from 26 studies were included: 5 randomized controlled trials, 5 clinical trials, 6 quasi‐experiments, 4 case studies, and 6 qualitative/observational studies. Stroke nursing nutritional care encompassed screening of nutritional status and swallowing function; assessment of nutritional characteristics and preferences; referral; mealtime organization, supervision and monitoring; mealtime assistance and feeding skills. Nurses individualized care, coordinated or managed meal delivery and enteral feeding systems, were responsible for the dining environment and conduct of mealtimes; they taught staff, patients, and carers. There was little indication of integrated or psychosocial nursing nutritional care, or concepts, theories or models of nursing nutritional care. Many interventions were described but not evaluated. Little high quality evidence was of available.ConclusionsThis review indicated the parameters of nursing nutritional care, and provided a framework for future research. A functional, supportive, and educational nursing nutritional role was described but little evidence was of sufficient quality to support policy and practice development or inform education. Nutritional care was revealed as an essential but under‐recognized element of stroke nursing.
Roadmap for a Participatory Research–Practice Partnership to Implement Evidence
Authors: Harrison Margaret B. , Graham Ian D. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTBackground: Our research team has undertaken implementation of evidence in the form of practice guideline recommendations for populations in hospital, community, and long‐term care settings with diverse provider and patient populations (people with chronic wounds, e.g., pressure and leg ulcers, heart failure, stroke, diabetes, palliative care, cancer, and maternity care). Translating evidence into clinical practice at the point of care is a complex and often overwhelming challenge for the health system as well as for individual practitioners.Purpose: To ensure that best available evidence is integrated into practice, “local evidence” needs to be generated and this process accomplishes a number of things: it focuses all involved on the “same page,” identifies important facilitating factors as well as barriers, provides empirical support for planning, and in itself is a key aspect of implementation. In doing this work, we developed a roadmap, the Queen's University Research Roadmap for Knowledge Implementation (QuRKI) that outlines three major phases of linked research and implementation activity: (1) issue identification/clarification; (2) solution building; and (3) implementation, evaluation, and nurturing the change.In this paper, we describe our practical experience as researchers working at point‐of‐care and how research can be used to facilitate the implementation of evidence. An exemplar is used to illustrate the fluid interplay of research and implementation activities and present the range of supporting research.Implications: QuRKI serves as a guide for researchers in the formation of a strategic alliance with the practice community for undertaking evidence‐informed reorganization of care. Using this collaborative approach, researchers play an integral role in focusing on, and using evidence during all discussions. We welcome further evaluation of its usefulness in the field.
Ecstasy‐induced acute coronary syndrome: Something to rave about
Authors: Hoggett Kerry , McCoubrie David , Fatovich Daniel M 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEcstasy or 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine is a commonly used illicit recreational drug, enjoying popularity for its stimulant effects. Although acute coronary syndrome is recognized after cocaine and methamphetamine use, association with Ecstasy use has rarely been reported. We report three cases of significantly delayed acute coronary syndrome and ST elevation myocardial infarction related to ingestion of Ecstasy.
Ethical issues in practice: A survey of home‐visiting nurses in Japan
Authors: ASAHARA Kiyomi , ONO Wakanako , KOBAYASHI Maasa , OMORI Junko , MOMOSE Yumiko , TODOME Hiromi , KONISHI Emiko 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim:  The purposes of this study were to identify specific components and frequencies of ethical issues that home‐visiting nurses encountered in their practice, relationships between ethical issues and demographic data, and experience of ethics education and workplace environment.Methods:  A self‐administered questionnaire was distributed to home‐visiting nurses in Japan. Usable data (1961) were analyzed.Results:  Item and exploratory factor analysis for the frequency of encountering ethical issues revealed: (i) concern about respecting client or relationships with relevant professionals; (ii) differences in treatment or care‐taking views among home‐visiting nurse and client and family, or relevant professionals; and (iii) discrepancy of intention between family and client or home‐visiting nurse. All factors were significantly positively related to the current position, duration of working experience as a home‐visiting nurse, and type of nursing education; age was significantly negatively related. Home‐visiting nurses noted that programmed continuing education systems and staff‐training programs were not sufficiently available.Conclusion:  The findings of this study indicated the characteristics of ethical issues that home‐visiting nurses encountered in their practice and insufficient continuing education system including ethics education. Ethics education programs tailored to home‐visiting nurses ethical concerns and traits and continuing education systems are needed.
MBL1 genotypes in wild boar populations from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan
Authors: Bergman I.‐M. , Sandholm K. , N. Ekdahl K. , Okumura N. , Uenishi H. , Guldbrandtsen B. , Essler S. E. , Knoll A. , Heegaard P. M. H. , Edfors I. , Juul‐Madsen H. R. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G949T in the mannose‐binding lectin (
MBL
) 1 gene has been associated with low MBL‐A concentration in serum and detected at different frequencies in various European pig populations. However, the origin of this SNP is not known. Part of the
MBL1
gene was sequenced in 12 wild boar/Large White crossbred pigs from the second backcross (BC
2) generation in a family material originating from two wild boar x Large White intercrosses. Also, MBL‐A serum concentration was measured in the entire BC
2 generation (n = 45). Furthermore, the genotypes of 68 wild boars from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan were determined in regard to five previously described SNPs in
MBL1
. The T allele of G949T was present among the BC
2 animals. MBL‐A serum concentration in the BC
2 animals showed a bimodal distribution, with one‐third of the animals at levels between 0.7 and 1.6 μg mL−1 and the remaining pigs at levels around 13 μg mL−1. There was a co‐variation between the presence of the T allele and low MBL‐A concentration in serum. The genotyping of the wild boars revealed differences between populations. The T allele of G949T was not detected in the Austrian and Japanese samples and is thus unlikely to be an original feature of wild boars. In contrast, it was present at high frequency (0.35) among the Swedish wild boars, probably representing a founder effect. Five
MBL1
haplotypes were resolved. Only two of these were present among the Japanese wild boars compared to four in each of the European populations. This difference may reflect differences in selection pressure and population history.
GROWTH RESPONSE OF VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN SALTED FISH FILLETS AS AFFECTED BY ZATARIA MULTIFLORA BOISS. ESSENTIAL OIL, NISIN, AND THEIR COMBINATION
Authors: EKHTIARZADEH HASSAN , AKHONDZADEH BASTI AFSHIN , MISAGHI ALI , SARI ABBASALI , KHANJARI ALI , ROKNI NOURDAHR , ABBASZADEH SEPIDEH , PARTOVI RAZIEH 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (at inoculation levels, 103 and 105 cfu/g) and Listeria monocytogenes (at inoculation level, 103 cfu/g) were investigated in salted fish fillets (brine salted at 4% NaCl) as affected by different concentrations of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil (EO), nisin (N) and their combinations at 8C (and 4C only for L. monocytogenes) during 21 days. The growth of V. parahaemolyticus was inhibited at 8C (in control group) and reached <2 log10 cfu/g at the first day of study for inoculation level of 103 cfu/g. At inoculation level of 105 cfu/g, this inhibitory effect was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by adding EO. The significant inhibitory effect of N alone and synergistic inhibitory effect of EO with N were also observed during the study. For L. monocytogenes, the obvious significant inhibitory effect of EO and its combination with N was observed at 4C. Considering the organoleptic effect of the EO used in this study, the best inhibitory effects of EO in combination with N for V. parahaemolyticus and L. monocytogenes were obtained at combinations of EO = 0.405% and n = 0.75 µg/mL, and EO = 0.405% and n = 0.25 µg/mL, respectively.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONThe synergistic inhibitory effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil and nisin on V. parahaemolyticus and L. monocytogenes, which was obtained in this study can improve the scope of essential oil function in food industry.
EFFICACY OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMBINATION OF CURCUMA LONGA L. AND ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSC. AS A POSTHARVEST FUNGITOXICANT, AFLATOXIN INHIBITOR AND ANTIOXIDANT AGENT
Authors: PRAKASH BHANU , SINGH PRIYANKA , KEDIA AKASH , SINGH ARADHANA , DUBEY N.K. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTKeeping in view of the harmful effects of molds and their toxic metabolites, particularly aflatoxins on food items, the present study explores the efficacy of essential oil (EO) combination of Curcuma longa L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. as a plant‐based preservative in view of its broad fungitoxic spectrum against storage fungi, aflatoxin inhibitory efficacy, antioxidant properties and nonphytotoxicity. The EO combination significantly inhibited the growth and aflatoxin production by the toxigenic foodborne strain of Aspergillus flavus LHP‐6 at 2.5 and 2.0 µL/mL, respectively. The combination also showed strong antioxidant activity through 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazil free radical scavenging, β‐carotene‐linoleic acid bleaching and total phenolic content assay. The EO combination exhibited nonphytotoxic nature during the seed germination and seedling growth experiments with chickpea seeds. The EO combination of C. longa and Z. officinale may successfully overcome the problem of mold contamination as well as oxidative deterioration of stored agricultural food commodities.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe essential oil combination of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale may be recommended as a plant‐based nonphytotoxic preservative against the storage molds, aflatoxin production and lipid peroxidation. Such a formulation showing preservative activity through synergistic effects would have better prospects in agricultural pest management program in view of the development of races of pests by different synthetic pesticides.