bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of bioactive glass crystallization on the conformation and bioactivity of adsorbed proteins
Authors: Buchanan Laura A. , El‐Ghannam Ahmed 
Published: July 2009

AbstractProtein adsorption onto the surface of a biomaterial mediates cell adhesion and enhances tissue‐implant integration. In a previous study, we demonstrated that crystallization of bioactive glass (BG) significantly increased the negative zeta potential and decreased serum protein adsorption onto the material surface. In this study, the conformation of protein adsorbed onto the surface of amorphous bioactive glass (ABG) and crystallized bioactive glass (CBG) was analyzed and correlated to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and spreading. ABG and CBG were immersed in three different protein solutions containing 10% fetal bovine serum, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and fibronectin (FN) for 4 h at 37°C. Grazing angle Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (GA‐FTIR) demonstrated that the ratio of (amide I)/(amide II) functional groups of all proteins adsorbed onto ABG was greater than that for proteins adsorbed onto CBG. The Gaussian curve fitting analysis suggests that the significant expression of amide I, rich in charged and flexible unordered secondary structure of adsorbed FN, stimulated bone cell adhesion and spreading on the surface of ABG. CBG enforces protein conformation that exposes amide II, rich in neutral and stable β‐sheet structure and α‐helix, which limited cell adhesion and spreading. Although ABG adsorbed significantly higher quantity of BSA than FN, GA‐FTIR analyses showed that the ratio of amide I/amide II was significantly higher for adsorbed FN. Therefore, the intensity of amide I or amide II bands cannot be taken as a measure of the quantity of adsorbed protein. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Functional immobilization of interferon‐gamma induces neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells
Authors: Leipzig Nic D. , Xu Changchang , Zahir Tasneem , Shoichet Molly S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractStem cell transplantation provides significant promise to regenerative strategies after injury in the central nervous system. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) have been studied in terms of their regenerative capacity and their ability to differentiate into neurons when exposed to various soluble factors. In this study, interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) was compared with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and erythropoietin and was shown to be the best single growth factor for inducing neuronal differentiation from adult rat brain‐derived NSPCs. Next, IFN‐γ was surface immobilized to a methacrylamide chitosan (MAC) scaffold that was specifically designed to match the modulus of brain tissue and neuronal differentiation of NSPCs was examined in vitro by immunohistochemistry. Bioactive IFN‐γ was successfully immobilized and quantified by ELISA. Both soluble and immobilized IFN‐γ on MAC surfaces showed dose dependent neuronal differentiation with soluble saturation occurring at 100 ng/mL and the most effective immobilized IFN‐γ dose at 37.5 ng/cm2, where significantly more neurons resulted compared with controls including soluble IFN‐γ. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in calcium phosphate biomaterials via isostatic compression
Authors: Brouillet Marion , Gautier Helene , Miègeville Anne‐Françoise , Bouler Jean‐Michel , Merle Christian , Caillon Jocelyne 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHigh hydrostatic pressure is currently used as a sterilization technique in agroalimentary field. This study explores the potential use of high pressure for bacterial inactivation of bone substitute calcium phosphate materials. Staphylococcus aureus strain incorporated in calcium phosphate powder was subjected to isostatic compression. Several parameters of compression were tested: application of pressure, time of plateau, number of compressions, and waiting time between two compressions. The results showed that the efficacy of compression increased with applied pressure and that time of plateau did not play an important role. The number of compressions influenced the efficiency of the technique and it was necessary to allow ample time between two compressions for bacteria to sufficiently multiply. The most effective protocol for preventing the growth of S. aureus in calcium phosphate involved two compressions of 5 minutes each at 140 MPa spaced at a 24‐hour interval. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Efficient synthesis of 5‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐2‐phenylimino‐ 1,3‐thiazolidin‐4‐ones and 5‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐2‐phenylamino‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,3‐thiazol‐4‐ones
Authors: Váňa Jiří , Hanusek Jiří , Růžička Aleš , Sedlák Miloš 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
magnified imageA new method for the synthesis of substituted 5‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐2‐phenylimino‐1,3‐thiazolidin‐4‐ones and 5‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐2‐phenylamino‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,3‐thiazol‐4‐ones is described, starting from phenylthioureas and 3‐bromotetrahydrofuran‐2‐one. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, is very simple to perform, and is applicable to a relatively wide range of substituents in benzene nucleus. Some 1,3‐thiazolidin‐4‐ones show dynamic NMR behavior in solution because of prototropy tautomerism and E‐/Z‐stereoisomerism. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
Convenient synthesis of some new pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine, pyridine, thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine, and isoxazolo[3,4‐d]pyridazine derivatives containing benzofuran moiety
Authors: Abdelhamid Abdou O. 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
magnified imagePyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines, pyrazoles, and thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine were synthesized from sodium salt of 5‐benzofuran‐2‐yl‐3‐hydroxypropenone and the appropriate of heterocyclic amines, diazonium chloride, and 1,3‐dicarbonoyl compounds. Pyrimidino[4′,5′:4,5]thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine, 1,2,3,4‐tetrazolo[1″,5″:6′,1′]‐pyrimidino[4′,5′:4,5]thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine and pyridino[2″,3″:2′,3′]thieno[4,5‐d]1,2,4‐triazolo[4,3‐e]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized from 6‐benzo[d]furan‐2‐yl‐2‐thioxohydropyridine‐3‐carbonitrile and each of formic acid or formamide. Structures of the newly synthesized were established by elemental analysis and spectral data. J. Heterocyclic Chem. (2009).
Applicatıon of detrended fluctuation analysis to temperature data from Turkey
Authors: Orun Mediha , Koçak Kasım 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTemperature is a basic weather and climate element and has a major role in the prediction of climate change. In this study, by using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), scaling exponent of daily mean temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature and daily temperature differences are calculated for 52 stations in Turkey. Local changes of scaling exponents are examined and their relation to the geographical structure is discussed. It is shown that all of the calculated scaling exponents are larger than 0.5 indicating that temperature data have long‐range correlations. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Effects of non‐invasive, 1,210 nm laser exposure on adipose tissue: Results of a human pilot study
Authors: Wanner Molly , Avram Mathew , Gagnon Denise , Mihm Martin C. , Zurakowski David , Watanabe Kanna , Tannous Zeina , Anderson R. Rox , Manstein Dieter 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLaser radiation (1,210 nm) has been previously shown to be capable of selective photothermolysis of adipose tissue in vitro when applied non‐invasively. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of this laser in human subjects.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwenty‐four adult subjects were exposed non‐invasively on the abdomen to a 1,210 nm laser at fluences of 70, 80, and 90 J/cm2, with a 10 mm spot size, 5 seconds pre‐cooling, and 3 seconds exposure duration delivered with parallel contact cooling. There was an impairment of the skin‐cooling device during the study. Exposure and control sites were biopsied at either 1–3 days or 4–7 weeks. Tissue was processed for nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBTC) staining, a marker for thermal damage, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.ResultsLaser exposures were painful, requiring local anesthesia in most subjects, but otherwise well tolerated. At 1–3 days after exposure, there was a fluence‐dependent loss of NBTC staining in the fat and dermis. In 2 of 14 subjects (2 of 42 exposure sites) evaluated at 1–3 days after exposure, epidermal damage was noted within a small portion of the test site, likely due to impaired contact cooling. At 4–7 weeks, lipomembranous changes of the fat were seen in 89% of test sites and 33% of control sites.ConclusionsThis in vivo study shows histologic evidence of laser‐induced damage of fat. With further development, this might become a useful treatment for disorders involving the fat and/or lower dermis. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:401–407, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liquid Crystalline Ordering and Charge Transport in Semiconducting Materials
Authors: Pisula Wojciech , Zorn Matthias , Chang Ji Young , Müllen Klaus , Zentel Rudolf 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOrganic semiconducting materials offer the advantage of solution processability into flexible films. In most cases, their drawback is based on their low charge carrier mobility, which is directly related to the packing of the molecules both on local (amorphous versus crystalline) and on macroscopic (grain boundaries) length scales. Liquid crystalline ordering offers the possibility of circumventing this problem. An advanced concept comprises: i) the application of materials with different liquid crystalline phases, ii) the orientation of a low viscosity high temperature phase, and, iii) the transfer of the macroscopic orientation during cooling to a highly ordered (at best, crystalline‐like) phase at room temperature. At the same time, the desired orientation for the application (OLED or field‐effect transistor) can be obtained. This review presents the use of molecules with discotic, calamitic and sanidic phases and discusses the sensitivity of the phases with regard to defects depending on the dimensionality of the ordered structure (columns: 1D, smectic layers and sanidic phases: 2D). It presents ways to systematically improve charge carrier mobility by proper variation of the electronic and steric (packing) structure of the constituting molecules and to reach charge carrier mobilities that are close to and comparable to amorphous silicon, with values of 0.1 to 0.7 cm2 · V−1 · s−1. In this context, the significance of cross‐linking to stabilize the orientation and liquid crystalline behavior of inorganic/organic hybrids is also discussed.magnified image
Induction of apoptosis and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐activated gene 1 in pancreatic cancer cells by a glycyrrhetinic acid derivative
Authors: Jutooru Indira , Chadalapaka Gayathri , Chintharlapalli Sudhakar , Papineni Sabitha , Safe Stephen 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMethyl 2‐cyano‐3,11‐dioxo‐18β‐olean‐1,12‐dien‐30‐oate (CDODA‐Me) is a synthetic triterpenoid derived from glycyrrhetinic acid, a bioactive phytochemical in licorice, CDODA‐Me inhibits growth of Panc1 and Panc28 pancreatic cancer cell lines and activates peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ)‐dependent transactivation in these cells. CDODA‐Me also induced p21 and p27 protein expression and downregulates cyclin D1; however, these responses were receptor‐independent. CDODA‐Me induced apoptosis in Panc1 and Panc28 cells, and this was accompanied by receptor‐independent induction of the proapoptotic proteins early growth response‐1 (Egr‐1), nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐activated gene‐1 (NAG‐1), and activating transcription factor‐3 (ATF3). Induction of NAG‐1 and Egr‐1 by CDODA‐Me was dependent on activation of phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3‐K) and/or p42 and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways but there were differences between Panc28 and Panc1 cells. Induction of NAG‐1 in Panc28 cells was p38‐MAPK‐ and PI3‐K‐dependent but Egr‐1‐independent, whereas induction in Panc1 cells was associated with activation of p38‐MAPK, PI3‐K, and p42‐MAPK and was only partially Egr‐1‐dependent. This is the first report of the induction of the proapoptotic protein NAG‐1 in pancreatic cancer cells. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TREMR: Table‐resonance elastography with MR
Authors: Gallichan Daniel , Robson Matthew D. , Bartsch Andreas , Miller Karla L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMagnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive method of measuring tissue compliance. Current MRE methods rely on custom‐built hardware to elicit vibrations that are tracked by MR imaging. Knowledge of the wave propagation can be used to calculate the local shear stiffness of the tissue. We sought to determine whether the vibrations of the patient table that result from low‐frequency switching of the imaging gradients could be used as an alternative mechanical driving mechanism for MRE. We designed a pulse sequence that includes a gradient lobe specifically for the excitation of mechanical resonance, allowing control of the time between the onset of the vibrations and the velocity‐encoding of the readout. Data collected from a gelatin phantom with stiff cylindrical gelatin inserts demonstrated that wave propagation can be imaged with this method. Postprocessing to estimate the local spatial frequency of the waves also allows estimation of the local shear stiffness, where the stiff inserts are clearly identifiable. Data collected on the brain of a normal healthy volunteer showed clear rotational waves propagating from the skull inwards, also allowing generation of shear stiffness maps. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accelerated cardiac perfusion imaging using k‐t SENSE with SENSE training
Authors: Vitanis Viton , Manka Robert , Boesiger Peter , Kozerke Sebastian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn k‐t sensitivity encoding (SENSE), MR data acquisition performed in parallel by multiple coils is accelerated by sparsely sampling the k‐space over time. The resulting aliasing is resolved by exploiting spatiotemporal correlations inherent in dynamic images of natural objects. In this article, a modified k‐t SENSE reconstruction approach is presented, which aims at improving the temporal fidelity of first‐pass, contrast‐enhanced myocardial perfusion images at high accelerations. The proposed technique is based on applying parallel imaging on the training data in order to increase their spatial resolution. At a net acceleration of 5.8 (k‐t factor = 8, training profiles = 11) accurate representations of dynamic signal‐intensities were achieved. The efficacy of this approach as well as limitations due to noise amplification were investigated in computer simulations and in vivo experiments. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
All solid polymer electrolytes based on polar side group rotation for rechargeable lithium batteries
Authors: Zhou Shuhua , Kim Dukjoon 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA novel polymer matrix with a polar carbonyl group was designed and used to prepare an all‐solid polymer electrolyte in lithium rechargeable batteries. The ionic conductivity of this type of polymer electrolyte was examined. The relationship between the lithium salt concentration and ionic conductivity was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The carbonyl groups in the polymer matrix effectively interacted with the lithium salt, which improved the ionic conductivity at a large range of temperatures. The ionic conductivity of this type of polymer electrolyte was approximately 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature. The stability of the interface between electrode and electrolyte was evaluated by measuring the alternating current (AC) impedance. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel model of bone‐metastatic prostate cancer in immunocompetent Mice
Authors: Power Carl A. , Pwint Hnin , Chan Jeffrey , Cho Jae , Yu Yan , Walsh William , Russell Pamela J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDBone metastasis is a frequent and catastrophic consequence of prostate cancer for which only palliative treatment is available. Animal models of bone metastatic prostate cancer are necessary for understanding disease mechanisms but few models exist.METHODSWe have used the murine prostate carcinoma cell line RM1 to generate a bone metastatic model of prostate cancer. Repeated intracardiac injection of RM1 cells followed by isolation of cells from bone tumors has yielded a cell line with strong bone‐metastatic potential, RM1 bone metastatic (BM).RESULTSThis cell line metastasizes to multiple bony sites in over 95% of injected C57BL/6 mice and is far less tropic to soft tissues. Bone tumors produced by the RM1(BM) cell line show no preference for particular skeletal sites as most bones are affected. Histology, and micro‐computed tomography show that RM1(BM) cells form osteolytic tumors, but with evidence of osteoblastic changes. In vitro the RM1 cells express E‐cadherin but not vimentin, do not form colonies in soft agar, are non‐invasive but are more motile than the parent cell line.CONCLUSIONSThis model provides a novel means for identifying cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to bone metastasis and allow for preclinical testing of therapies to prevent and treat tumor metastasis to bone. Finally as the syngeneic tumor cells are injected into immunocompetent mice, this model will provide a means to study interactions between the immune system, tumors and bone, and therapies that target such interactions Prostate 69: 1613–1623, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptive coding and modulation for satellite broadband networks: From theory to practice
Authors: Bischl Hermann , Brandt Hartmut , de Cola Tomaso , De Gaudenzi Riccardo , Eberlein Ernst , Girault Nicolas , Alberty Eric , Lipp Stefan , Rinaldo Rita , Rislow Bjarne , Skard John Arthur , Tousch Jacky , Ulbricht Gerald 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the detailed design and the key system performance results of a comprehensive laboratory demonstrator for a broadband Ka‐band multi‐beam satellite system exploiting the new DVB‐S2 standard with adaptive coding and modulation (ACM). This complete demonstrator allows in‐depth verification and optimization of the ACM techniques applied to large satellite broadband networks, as well as complementing and confirming the more theoretical or simulation‐based findings published so far. It is demonstrated that few ACM configurations (in terms of modulation and coding) are able to efficiently cope with a typical Ka‐band multi‐beam satellite system with negligible capacity loss. It is also demonstrated that the exploitation of ACM thresholds with hysteresis represents the most reliable way to adapt the physical layer configuration to the spatial and time variability of the channel conditions while avoiding too many physical layer configuration changes. Simple ACM adaptation techniques, readily implementable over large‐scale networks, are shown to perform very well, fulfilling the target packet‐error rate requirements even in the presence of deep fading conditions. The impact of carrier phase noise and satellite nonlinearity has also been measured. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing a multi‐year learning progression for carbon cycling in socio‐ecological systems
Authors: Mohan Lindsey , Chen Jing , Anderson Charles W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study reports on our steps toward achieving a conceptually coherent and empirically validated learning progression for carbon cycling in socio‐ecological systems. It describes an iterative process of designing and analyzing assessment and interview data from students in upper elementary through high school. The product of our development process—the learning progression itself—is a story about how learners from upper elementary grades through high school develop understanding in an important and complex domain: biogeochemical processes that transform carbon in socio‐ecological systems at multiple scales. These processes: (a) generate organic carbon (photosynthesis), (b) transform organic carbon (biosynthesis, digestion, food webs, carbon sequestration), and (c) oxidize organic carbon (cellular respiration, combustion). The primary cause of global climate change is the current worldwide imbalance among these processes. We identified Levels of Achievement, which described patterns in the way students made progress toward more sophisticated reasoning about these processes. Younger learners perceived a world where events occurred at a macroscopic scale and carbon sources, such as foods and fuels, were treated as enablers of life processes and combustion rather than sources of matter transformed by those processes. Students at the transitional levels—levels 2 and 3—traced matter in terms of materials changed by hidden mechanisms (level 2) or changed by chemical processes (level 3). More advanced students (level 4) used chemical models to trace matter through hierarchically organized systems that connected organisms and inanimate matter. Although level 4 reasoning is consistent with current national standards, few high school students reasoned this way consistently. We discuss further plans for conceptual and empirical validation of the learning progression. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 46: 675–698, 2009
Minimum volume ellipsoid
Authors: Van Aelst Stefan , Rousseeuw Peter 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe minimum volume ellipsoid (MVE) estimator is based on the smallest volume ellipsoid that covershof thenobservations. It is an affine equivariant, high‐breakdown robust estimator of multivariate location and scatter. The MVE can be computed by a resampling algorithm. Its low bias makes the MVE very useful for outlier detection in multivariate data, often through the use of MVE‐based robust distances.We review the basic MVE definition as well as some useful extensions such as the one‐step reweighted MVE. We discuss the main properties of the MVE including its breakdown value, affine equivariance, and efficiency. We discuss the basic resampling algorithm to calculate the MVE and illustrate its use on two examples. An overview of applications is given, as well as some related classes of robust estimators of multivariate location and scatter. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Robust Methods
Affine concatenation
Authors: Elices Alberto 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a methodology to introduce time‐dependent parameters to affine models. The methodology is applied to the well‐known Heston's model for valuation of spot and forward start vanilla options. Calibration to the volatility surface of the Eurostoxx 50 index is carried out and the impact of calibration in the forward skew explored. Copyright © 2009 Wilmott Magazine Ltd