bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macroinvertebrate responses to insecticide application between sprayed and adjacent nonsprayed ditch sections of different sizes
Authors: Brock Theo C.M. , Belgers J. Dick M. , Roessink Ivo , Cuppen Jan G.M. , Maund Steve J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUnder typical agricultural use of an insecticide, it is likely that only part of an edge-of-field drainage ditch will be directly contaminated by spray drift. The response, including recovery, of aquatic macroinvertebrates in sprayed ditch sections may be affected by immigration of organisms from adjacent nonsprayed ditch sections, but also the population dynamics in nonsprayed sections (refuges) may be affected by nearby contaminated patches (known as action at a distance). Experimental ditches were used to study the influence of the presence of nearby refuges on the responses of macroinvertebrates in ditch sections directly sprayed with the insecticide lufenuron, and vice versa. The treatment regimes differed in the proportion of the ditch (0, 33, 67, and 100% of surface area) that was sprayed to reach a lufenuron concentration of 3 µg/L in the water column of the sprayed ditch section. In sprayed ditch sections, clear treatment-related effects were observed for adult midges in the emergence traps and for aquatic arthropods (mainly juveniles) in the artificial substrate/sweep net samples. The extent in magnitude and duration of effects in sprayed ditch sections was overall larger when a larger proportion of the ditch was sprayed and/or the distance to the refuge was larger. In nonsprayed ditch sections of partially treated ditches, treatment-related effects were absent or minor for macroinvertebrates that predominantly dwell on or in the sediment compartment, particularly at a larger distance from the sprayed ditch sections. More mobile arthropods that predominantly dwell in the water column showed clear treatment-related effects in the nonsprayed ditch sections as well, but action at a distance was smaller if a smaller proportion of ditch was treated. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1994–2008. © 2010 SETAC
Toxicity of brominated volatile organics to freshwater biota
Authors: Binet Monique T. , Stauber Jenny L. , Adams Merrin S. , Rhodes Stuart , Wech Janine 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
As part of a larger study investigating the fate and effects of brominated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in contaminated groundwaters discharging to surface waters, the toxicity of 1,2 dibromoethene (DBE) and 1,1,2-tribromoethene (TriBE) to freshwater aquatic biota was investigated. Their toxicity to bacteria (Microtox®), microalgae (Chlorella sp.), cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia), duckweed (Lemna sp.) and midges (Chironomus tepperi) was determined after careful optimization of the test conditions to minimize chemical losses throughout the tests. In addition, concentrations of DBE and TriBE were carefully monitored throughout the bioassays to ensure accurate calculation of toxicity values. 1,2-Dibromoethene showed low toxicity to most species, with concentrations to cause 50% lethality or effect (LC/EC50 values) ranging from 28 to 420 mg/L, 10% lethality or effect (LC/EC10 values) ranging from 18 to 94 mg/L and no-observed-effect concentrations (NOECs) ranging from 22 to 82 mg/L. 1,1,2-Tribromoethene was more toxic than DBE, with LC/EC50 values of 2.4 to 18 mg/L, LC/EC10 values of 0.94 to 11 mg/L and NOECs of 0.29 to 13 mg/L. Using these limited data, together with data from the only other published study on TriBE, moderate-reliability water quality guidelines (WQGs) were estimated from species sensitivity distributions. The proposed guideline trigger values for 95% species protection with 50% confidence were 2 mg/L for DBE and 0.03 mg/L for TriBE. The maximum concentrations of DBE and TriBE in nearby surface waters (3 and 1 µg /L, respectively) were well below these WQGs, so the risk to the freshwater environment receiving contaminated groundwater inflows was considered to be low, with hazard quotients &lt;1 for both VOCs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1984–1993. © 2010 SETAC
Several properties of mineral admixtured lightweight mortars at elevated temperatures
Authors: Türkmen İbrahim , Fındık Satuk Buğra 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYThe improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of mortars including expanded perlite aggregate (EPA) containing either clinoptilolite, a type of natural zeolite (NZ), waste glass powder (GP) or blast furnace slag (BFS) cured at elevated temperature was analyzed using thermal conductivity, compressive strength, flexure strength and dry unit weight. EPA mortar specimens were prepared by replacing a varying part of the portland cement with the above minerals. All mortar samples were prepared and cured at 23±1°C lime saturated water for 28 days. The maximum thermal conductivity of 1.3511W/mK was determined with the control samples containing plain cement. GP has shown 1 and 4% decrease for both 10, 20% GP and 25% EPA, respectively. Both BFS and NZ have a decreasing effect on thermal conductivity. The experiments were carried out, in which the samples were subjected to temperature of 300, 500 and 800°C for 2 h, then cooled in air. The results indicated that all the mortars exposed to temperature of 500 and 800°C shown a significant decrease in thermal conductivity, compressive strength and flexure strength. However, compared with the mortars including 25% EPA, adding the other admixtures at all level replacement decreased thermal conductivity, compressive strength, flexure strength and dry unit weight as a function of replacement percent. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic effect of mesoporous silica SBA‐15 on intumescent flame‐retardant polypropylene
Authors: Li Jun , Wei Ping , Li Linke , Qian Yong , Wang Chen , Huang Nian Hua 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMesoporous silica SBA‐15 synthesized from Pluronic P123 and tetraethoxysilane was used as a synergistic agent on the flame retardancy of polypropylene (PP)/intumescent flame‐retardant (IFR) system. Limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 rating and thermogravimetric analysis were used to evaluate the synergistic effect of SBA‐15 on PP/IFR system. It showed that PP/IFR system could reach V‐0 with loading of SBA‐15 ranging from 0.5 to 3 wt%, while without SBA‐15 it had no rating at UL‐94 test. The LOI value increased from 25.5 to 32.2 when the loading of SBA‐15 was 1 wt%. The thermal stability of PP/IFR was improved in the presence of SBA‐15 and the amount of the char residue at 600° C was increased from 8.96 to 16.42 wt% when loading of SBA‐15 varied from 0.5 to 5 wt%. Laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) and scanning electron microscopy were employed to study the morphology of the char residue of PP/IFR system with and without SBA‐15. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A nonparametric method for asymmetrically extending signal extraction filters
Authors: McElroy Tucker 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTwo important problems in the X‐11 seasonal adjustment methodology are the construction of standard errors and the handling of the boundaries. We adapt the ‘implied model approach’ of Kaiser and Maravall to achieve both objectives in a nonparametric fashion. The frequency response function of an X‐11 linear filter is used, together with the periodogram of the differenced data, to define spectral density estimates for signal and noise. These spectra are then used to define a matrix smoother, which in turn generates an estimate of the signal that is linear in the data. Estimates of the signal are provided at all time points in the sample, and the associated time‐varying signal extraction mean squared errors are a by‐product of the matrix smoother theory. After explaining our method, it is applied to popular nonparametric filters such as the Hodrick–Prescott (HP), the Henderson trend, and ideal low‐pass and band‐pass filters, as well as X‐11 seasonal adjustment, trend, and irregular filters. Finally, we illustrate the method on several time series and provide comparisons with X‐12‐ARIMA seasonal adjustments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ammonoid succession across the Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian boundary of the northern Penglaitan Section in the Laibin area, Guangxi, South China
Authors: Ehiro Masayuki , Shen Shu‐Zhong 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA detailed examination has been made of the Lopingian (Late Permian) ammonoid succession across the Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian boundary of the northern Penglaitan Section in the Laibin area, South China. Five ammonoid interval zones were identified via bed‐by‐bed collection: the Prototoceras–Konglingites, Etoushanoceras–Jinjiangoceras, Shevyrevites, Penglaites and Pleuronodoceras–Rotodiscoceras zones, in ascending order. The lower three zones, located in the upper part of the Heshan Formation, are all of Wuchiapingian age in terms of the associated conodonts, whereas the Penglaites Zone, which crosses the lithologic boundary between the Heshan and Talung formations, and the uppermost zone in the lower part of the Talung Formation are of Changhsingian age. Ammonoid faunal turnover, from otoceratoid‐dominated to Xenodiscoid‐dominated faunas, occurred between the Etoushanoceras–Jinjiangoceras and Shevyrevites zones. This horizon is slightly lower than the Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian boundary, which is located between the Shevyrevites Zone and the Penglaites Zone of the northern Penglaitan Section in the Laibin area, South China. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lopingian (Late Permian) high‐resolution conodont biostratigraphy in Iran with comparison to South China zonation
Authors: Shen Shu‐Zhong , Mei Shi‐Long 
Published: April 2010

AbstractLopingian (Late Permian) conodonts and stratigraphy in northwest and central Iran have become hotly debated issues recently. We here use a sample‐population approach, to develop a high‐resolution conodont biostratigraphic framework for the Lopingian of Iran based on a re‐examination of collections studied by Sweet from the Kuh‐e‐Ali Bashi area, northwest Iran; samples from the Abadeh C section and a nearby Permian‐Triassic boundary section in the Abadeh area; and on published data. Six Wuchiapingian conodont zones, theClarkina dukouensis, C. asymmetrica, C. leveni, C. guangyuanensis, C. transcaucasicaandC. orientaliszones, and eight Changhsingian conodont zones, theClarkina wangi, C. subcarinata, C. changxingensis, C. bachmanni, C. nodosa, C. yini, C. abadehensisandC. hauschkeizones, are described and figured. Diagnoses of ontogenetic characteristics to population variations of all the zone‐naming species are re‐described based on a sample‐population taxonomic concept. The high‐resolution Lopingian conodont zonation in Iran is closely correlative with its counterpart in South China. However, slightly different evolutionary trends inClarkinapopulations existed at the very end of the Changhsingian in Iran and South China. This reflects a geographical cline and/or facies dependence and endemism inClarkinapopulations rather than stratigraphic incompleteness of sections in either Iran or South China. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐resolution Lopingian (Late Permian) timescale of South China
Authors: Shen Shu‐Zhong , Henderson Charles M. , Bowring Samuel A. , Cao Chang‐Qun , Wang Yue , Wang Wei , Zhang Hua , Zhang Yi‐Chun , Mu Lin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Lopingian represents the last epoch of the Palaeozoic Era and is bracketed by two severe biotic mass extinctions associated with dramatic environmental changes. The Lopingian Epoch lasted about 7 millions years and was also bracketed by large volcanic eruptions with the Emeishan volcanics at the base and the Siberian traps at the top. Considerable data have accumulated recently and in this paper we attempt to summarize these findings in a high‐resolution Lopingian (Late Permian) timescale that integrates currently available multiple biostratigraphic, isotope chemostratigraphic, geochronologic and magnetostratigraphic data. In South China at least 13 conodont zones, multiple polarity zones and large carbon isotope fluctuations in the Lopingian are recognized and provide the high‐resolution calibration that is essential to study this Late Permian interval characterized by Earth's largest biotic extinction. We also present a global correlation chart for the marine Lopingian Series. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Changhsingian foraminiferal fauna of a Neotethyan seamount: the Gyanyima Limestone along the Yarlung‐Zangbo Suture in southern Tibet, China
Authors: Wang Yue , Ueno Katsumi , Zhang Yi‐chun , Cao Chang‐qun 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Gyanyima Limestone is one of the isolated carbonate build‐ups that have a probable Neotethyan seamount origin, distributed along the Yarlung‐Zangbo Suture in southern Tibet. The limestone yields a highly diversified foraminiferal fauna consisting of nine fusuline and 37 taxa of non‐fusuline foraminifers. This foraminiferal fauna is dominated by Reichelina pulchra, Colaniella parva and the characteristic boultoniid genus Dilatofusulina. We propose a new foraminiferal zone, the Reichelina pulchra‐Colaniella parva‐Dilatofusulina orthogonios Zone that represents the last prosperous stage of foraminifers just before the end‐Permian mass extinction. This zone can be correlated broadly with the Palaeofusulina sinensis Zone in the Eastern Tethys based on advanced features observed in the major elements of the fauna. The composition of the fauna suggests that during the late Changhsingian, the Gyanyima Limestone occupied a palaeogeographic position at lower latitudes in the Neotethys. The fauna was largely influenced by the warm‐water equatoro‐tropical Palaeotethys. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lymphatic drainage of the external ear
Authors: Pan Wei‐Ren , le Roux Cara Michelle , Levy Sidney M. , Briggs Christopher A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundLymphoscintigraphy reveals inconsistencies in our knowledge of the lymphatic anatomy of the external ear.MethodsFifteen external ears from 9 unembalmed human cadavers were studied. Six percent hydrogen peroxide was used to find the lymphatic vessels using a surgical microscope. They were injected with a radio‐opaque mixture, dissected, photographed, and radiographed to demonstrate lymphatic vessels in the tissue. Final results were transferred to the computer for analysis.ResultsFour groups of lymph collecting vessels were found. The anterior branch, in all specimens, drained directly or indirectly (having merged with a vessel descending from the scalp) into the preauricular lymph nodes. The superior, middle, and inferior (lobule) branches drained to their multiple first tier lymph nodes.ConclusionAn accurate lymphatic map of the external ear is described to upgrade our anatomic knowledge. It will be of benefit for the clinical management of malignancies in this region. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
First bite syndrome as a presenting symptom of a parapharyngeal space malignancy
Authors: Lieberman Seth M. , Har‐El Gady 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundFirst bite syndrome is a known complication after parapharyngeal space surgery. This syndrome is usually encountered when the surgery is extensive but the parotid gland is preserved. A disruption in the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland has been posited to play a role.MethodsWe report a 74‐year‐old woman with a parapharyngeal space malignancy who presented with first bite syndrome prior to any surgical intervention. The tumor and left parotid gland were resected via a transcervical approach. During the operation, the sympathetic chain was found to be directly involved with the tumor.ResultsThe patient reported complete resolution of first bite syndrome immediately after the operation, and remained free of this symptom at 6 months' follow‐up.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first report of first bite syndrome presenting prior to any surgical intervention. Parotidectomy, if included in the surgical plan, may lead to the resolution of first bite syndrome. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Human papillomavirus infections in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Torrente Mariela C. , Rodrigo Juan P. , Haigentz Missak , Dikkers Frederik G. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Takes Robert P. , Olofsson Jan , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAlthough the association and clinical significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections with a subset of head and neck cancers, particularly for oropharyngeal carcinoma, has recently been well documented, the involvement of HPV in laryngeal cancer has been inadequately evaluated. Herein we review the currently known associations of HPV infections in diseases of the larynx and their potential for oncogenicity. Using several methods of detection, HPV DNA has been detected in benign (papillomatosis), indolent (verrucous carcinoma), and malignant (squamous cell carcinoma) lesions of the larynx. Consistent with the known oncogenic risk of HPV infections, common HPV types associated with laryngeal papillomatosis include low‐risk HPV types 6 and 11, with high‐risk HPV types 16 and 18 more commonly present in neoplastic lesions (verrucous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma). Although a broad range of prevalence has been noted in individual studies, approximately 25% of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas harbor HPV infections on meta‐analysis, with common involvement of high‐risk HPV types 16 (highest frequency) and 18. Preliminary results suggest that these high‐risk HPV infections seem to be biologically relevant in laryngeal carcinogenesis, manifested as having viral DNA integration in the cancer cell genome and increased expression of the p16 protein. Despite this knowledge, the clinical significance of these infections and the implications on disease prevention and treatment are unclear and require further investigation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Endothelial cells (EC) and endothelial precursor cells (EPC) kinetics in hematological patients undergoing chemotherapy or autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT)
Authors: Kideryová Linda , Pytlík Robert , Benešová Kateřina , Veselá Romana , Karban Josef , Rychtrmocová Hana , Goettsch Winfried , Morawietz Henning , Trněný Marek 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOur objective was to study the kinetics of circulating endothelial cells (EC) and endothelial precursor cells (EPC) in hematological patients during chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantion (ASCT). Eighteen newly diagnosed patients and 17 patients undergoing ASCT were studied and compared to healthy controls. ECs were evaluated as CD146+CD31+Lin‐ cells, while EPCs were evaluated as CD34+CD133+Lin‐, or CD34+VEGFR2+Lin‐ cells, or CFU‐En colony forming units. Numbers of these cells were evaluated before and after treatment, and, in patients treated with ASCT, during mobilization of hematopoietic progenitors. Both newly diagnosed patients and patients before ASCT had significantly higher number of CD146+CD31+Lin‐ cells and significantly lower number of CFU‐En colonies than healthy controls. These parameters did not return to normal for at least 3 months after chemotherapy or ASCT. Numbers of CFU‐En did not correlate either with numbers of CD34+CD133+Lin‐ cells or with numbers of CD34+VEGFR2+Lin‐ cells but they did correlate with numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes and NK cells. In conclusion, we have found that hematological patients have higher number of EC and lower numbers of CFU‐En than healthy controls and that these parameters do not return to normal after short‐term follow‐up. Furthermore, our observations support emerging data that CFU‐En represent cell population different from flowcytometrically defined EC and endothelial precursors and that their development requires cooperation of monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes. However, cells forming CFU‐En express endothelial surface markers and can contribute to proper endothelial function by NO production. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Setting health insurance remuneration rates of private providers in Kenya: the role of costing, challenges and implications
Authors: Mathauer Inke 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSuccessful health financing depends on prudent design of resource collection, pooling and purchasing. One of the critical purchasing design issues is the provider payment mechanism and the remuneration rates, which need to set appropriate incentives to health providers. In order to set remuneration rates, cost information is required, but this is not known in many developing countries.This paper illuminates the role of costing and the challenges of resetting health insurance remuneration rates for private hospitals in Kenya and discusses the implications and lessons. The results and proceedings of costing studies from Kenya are reviewed, which reveals methodological and practical challenges as to revising remuneration rates. The costing results are characterized by high variability, which is, among other factors, due to suboptimal resource use at some hospitals and provider payment mechanisms that incentivise over‐provision. In such a context, hospital‐specific remuneration rates are advisable.In conclusion, remuneration rate setting is not just about translating costing results into a price tag, but other factors have to be considered in a low‐income country context in order to balance out health sector objectives and provider interests. Inclusion of providers in developing the costing methodology proves important to increase acceptability of results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of sample area and sieve size on benthic macrofaunal community condition assessments in California enclosed bays and estuaries
Authors: Hammerstrom Kamille K , Ranasinghe J Ananda , Weisberg Stephen B , Oliver John S , Fairey W. Russell , Slattery Peter N , Oakden James M 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Benthic macrofauna are used extensively for environmental assessment, but the area sampled and sieve sizes used to capture animals often differ among studies. Here, we sampled 80 sites using 3 different sized sampling areas (0.1, 0.05, 0.0071 m2) and sieved those sediments through each of 2 screen sizes (0.5, 1 mm) to evaluate their effect on number of individuals, number of species, dominance, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (MDS) ordination, and benthic community condition indices that are used to assess sediment quality in California. Sample area had little effect on abundance but substantially affected numbers of species, which are not easily scaled to a standard area. Sieve size had a substantial effect on both measures, with the 1-mm screen capturing only 74% of the species and 68% of the individuals collected in the 0.5-mm screen. These differences, though, had little effect on the ability to differentiate samples along gradients in ordination space. Benthic indices generally ranked sample condition in the same order regardless of gear, although the absolute scoring of condition was affected by gear type. The largest differences in condition assessment were observed for the 0.0071-m2 gear. Benthic indices based on numbers of species were more affected than those based on relative abundance, primarily because we were unable to scale species number to a common area as we did for abundance. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012; 8: 649–658. © 2010 SETAC