bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titration of Serum p53 Antibodies Predicts Pathological Response in Women with Operable Early Stage Breast Cancer Receiving Preoperative Sequential FEC and Docetaxel Chemotherapy.
Authors: Hideo S. , Yoshiaki N. , Hideotoshi K. , Kimihiro T. , Satoko S. , Chinami K. , Emiko M. , Sumiko N. , Kenichi N. , Shinji O. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: In breast cancer, emerging dates demonstrate that p53 mutation is associated with response to preoperative chemotherapy, indicating that p53 mutation may be a predictive factor for response to preoperative chemotherapy. The accumulation of mutant p53 protein has been found to induce the formation of serum p53 IgG antibodies in breast cancer patients. A highly specific quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit has been developed to detect p53 antibody titers. However, whether this titration of serum p53 antibody reflects response to preoperative chemotherapy is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implication of serum p53 antibody titers as a predictive factor for preoperative chemotherapy in breast cancer.Patinets and Methods: In this study, we analyzed 103 women with operable early stage breast cancer treated by preoperative chemotherapy and definitive curative surgery. Patients received four cycles of FEC (fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, epirubicin 100 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 q3w) followed by four cycles of docetaxel (75 mg/m2 q3w). The pretreatment serum samples were used to determine the p53 antibody titers. The test's cut-off value was determined to be 1.3 U/ml based on reference distribution in healthy control individuals.Results: Twenty-three of 103 patients (22.3%) were positive for serum p53 antibody. The frequency of pathological complete response (pCR) was significantly higher in cases with positive for p53 antibody than in patients with negative for p53 antibody (9/23 or 39% vs. 15/80 or 23%; p=0.04). According to intrinsic subtypes, the tendency was most emphasized in cases with HER2-positive cases (6/9 or 67% vs. 8/25 or 32%). Interestingly, among 8 patients with high p53 antibody titers (&gt;100 IU/ml) 7 patients experienced pCR and remaining one patients showed only foci invading areas in primary tumor and complete remission in axillary lymph node metastasis, suggesting that the value of p53 antibody titers may more precisely predict response to preoperative chemotherapy.Conclusion: p53 mutation analysis using titration of serum p53 antibody is useful predictive test for response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2038.
Chemosensitivity Testing of Circulating Epithelial Cells (CETC) in Breast Cancer Patients and Correlation to Clinical Outcome.
Authors: Pachmann K. , Stein E. , Spitz G. , Schill E. , Pachmann U. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
In spite of ample prognostic markers available in breast cancer, still a considerable proportion of patients with good prognostic markers suffers relapse whereas patients with poor prognostic markers may remain disease free. It would, therefore, be desirable to control, at the individual patient level, whether the applied therapy is effective. Our previous work indicates, that in cancer patients most of the epithelial cells circulating in peripheral blood (CETC) are part of the tumor and that the response of these cells reflects the response of the tumor to the applied therapies.Therefore, these cells were used to assay chemosensitivity in short time cultures analyzing the percent of cell killing during short time incubation and monitoring the decrease or increase in numbers of these cells during treatment with the respective agents providing a unique tool for therapy surveillance. Patients were prospectively analysed for the number of CETC before each new combination of chemotherapy. 1ml of blood was drawn into EDTA vials, red blood cells lysed and the white blood cell pellet stained with FITC-labelled anti-Epcam. Green fluorescent cells were detected by image analysis and dead cells excluded due to red PI fluorescence. Activity of individual compounds was determined using three different concentrations of each compound at 3h, 6h and 12hs and displayed as % cell killing. The in vitro results were then compared to in vivo reduction of CETCs and to the reduction of a marker lesion.215 patients have been investigated so far. Cell killing was dose and time dependent. The highest killing rates were observed with Epirubicin and Taxanes, agents which are known for their high activity in breast cancer. Less than 20% killing activity was termed marginal activity. In vitro sensitivitity was highly significantly predictive of in vivo CETC reduction. In some cases an increasing resistance could be shown to develop during repeated cycles of the same combination therapy. CETC reduction was correlated with a prolonged progression free survival.Thus this approach can in the future be used to test in advance the sensitivity of the circulating tumor cells to chemotherapy and at the same time monitor the current response of the cells to therapy in vivo in order to optimize and individualize therapy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2044.
The Incidence of Bone Metastases and Skeletal-Related Events in Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Denmark (1999 – 2007).
Authors: Yong M. , Jensen A. , Jacobsen J. , Nørgaard M. , Fryzek J. , Sørensen H. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the industrialized world. More than half of women presenting with metastatic BrCa develop bone metastases. Bone metastases increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs), defined as radiation to bone, pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, bone surgery, or altered antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain. Both bone metastases and SREs are associated with unfavorable prognosis and greatly affect quality of life. To date, the epidemiology of the subgroup of BrCa patients who develop bone metastases and/or SREs has not been well-characterized. Our objective was to estimate the one- and five-year incidence of bone metastases and SREs in a large population cohort of newly-diagnosed BrCa patients in Denmark (population ∼ 5.4 million inhabitants). Methods We identified women diagnosed with BrCa (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) code C50.x.) from January 1, 1999 through December 31, 2007, with follow-up through April 2008. We retrieved this data from Denmark's National Registry of Patients (NRP), which includes records from all Danish hospitals. We also identified bone metastases (ICD-10 code C79.5) and recorded SREs. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate time to bone metastases and time to first SRE. We also calculated 1- and 5-year incidence rates (IR) of bone metastases and first SRE in newly-diagnosed BrCa patients. Results We identified 35,941 BrCa patients from the NRP. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range, 18-104 years). A total of 1,494 (4%) patients developed bone metastases during follow-up, and of these, 712 developed an SRE. The distribution of SREs by type were 394 (55%) with radiation to the bone, 133 (19%) with pathological or osteoporotic fracture, 42 (6%) with bone surgery, and 143 (20%) with spinal cord compression. The 1-year IR of bone metastases was 13.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.5-15.0] per 1000 person-years (P-Y). The 1-year IR of SREs among patients with bone metastases was 55 times that of the 1-year IR of bone metastases in BrCa patients at 759.2 (95% CI: 662.0-870.5) per 1000 P-Y. After five years of follow-up, the incidence curves plateaued at approximately 4% and 48% for bone metastases and SREs, respectively (Figures 1 and 2). Conclusions Among breast cancer patients with bone metastases, there was a strong tendency towards development of SREs within a year of bone metastases diagnosis; however, this phenomenon stabilized beyond 5 years of bone metastases diagnosis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2051.
Patient Characteristics Associated with Use of Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis.
Authors: McNally D. , Zuckerman I. , Pandya N. , Seal B. , Mullins C. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Introduction: Monoclonal antibodies (MoATB) were FDA approved for the treatment of patients with breast cancer (BrCA) whose tumors over expressed the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in 1998. We sought to determine if certain patient characteristics and co-morbidities influenced MoATB use in a population-based practice setting of elderly women with metastatic BrCA. Methods: We identified female Medicare beneficiaries aged 66+ years diagnosed with incident metastatic BrCA without prior history for any cancer between 1999 and 2005 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results cancer registries (SEER). Charlson Co-morbidity index (CCI) and separate conditions within the index were created using linked Medicare claims in the year prior to the BrCA diagnosis. We identified both oral and infused chemotherapy (CH) from the Medicare claims from 1999 to 2006. Patients were categorized into three groups: no CH, MoATB+/-CH, and CH w/out MoATB. We performed bivariate statistics to compare the patient characteristics and comorbidities between the three groups, and the treatments groups only. Results: There were 3,820 women with metastatic BrCA, mean age 77 (SD 7.3) years, 81% were white race, 29% were married and 91% lived in an urban setting. 67% of these women (n=2,562) received no CH, 26% received CH w/out MoATB (n=994) and 7% received MoATB+/-CH (n=264). Overall the CCI was lower for women receiving either treatment as compared to no chemotherapy and between treatment groups for the young old (66-75 years) but not those aged 80+ years. The prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF) and cerebrovascular disease was significantly lower in women receiving MoATB +/-CH, as compared to only CH, and also lower in both compared to no CH (n=2,462). Few women presenting with COPD or dementia were likely to be treated with either CH and/or MoATB compared to No CH. Other co-morbidity conditions within the CCI were not statistically different between the groups or the cell numbers were too small to analyze. Conclusion: MoATB use in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer steadily increased from 5% in 1999 to 23% in 2004. Use in 2005 was slightly lower but will be recalculated once the 2007 claims are available. In 2008, FDA released a black box warning for trastuzumab, the most frequently prescribed MoATB for BrCA, regarding the potential for the development of cardiomyopathy. Our results suggest that co-morbidities in particular CHF and cerebrovascular disease may influence the decision to use MoATB. Further research is necessary to examine the relationship between co-morbidities and the use of MoATB in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2057.
Poor Progress in Breast Cancer Control in the Elderly in the UK.
Authors: Moeller H. , Moran A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background:In 1998 England introduced a national cancer target, to reduce cancer mortality in the under 75 year olds from 1996 to 2010 by 20%. This might potentially lead to inequalities between younger and elderly cancer patients. In this study we assessed progress in breast cancer control in the elderly in the UK by comparing cancer mortality rates in the elderly with younger age groups in the UK and by comparing the elderly in the UK with other similar countries.Material and Methods:Mortality data for the UK, USA, Northern Europe (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Sweden and Norway) and Western Europe (Germany, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Austria, France Switzerland) was obtained from the WHO mortality database. Age specific cancer mortality rates for the age bands 55-64, 65-74, 75-84 and 85 plus were calculated for the different geographies for the three year periods 1995-97 and 2003-05. Change in the differences between the age bands was assessed as the ratio between the youngest age group 55-64, which was set to 1, and the older age groups. The number of excess deaths in the UK was calculated by applying the lowest rate observed in each age band to the UK population, assuming that the UK could achieve the same rate.Results:Compared to other countries the UK had the highest breast cancer mortality rates in all age bands in 1995-07 and 2003-05 and rates were statistically significantly higher in 2003-05 at the 95% Confidence interval limit. In the younger age groups (55-64 and 65-74) the UK had the biggest decrease from 1995-97 to 2003-05 and is decreasing the gap to the other countries. In contrast the UK was the only geography with an increase in mortality rates in the over 85 year olds and only ranked second after the USA in the 75 to 84 year olds. If the UK had the same mortality rates as the lowest observed in each age band 681 breast cancer deaths could be prevented in the 55 to 74 year olds and 1590 in the over 75 year olds each year. The UK also had the greatest increase in the ratio between the 55-64 year olds and 85plus year olds, with and increase of a 100% from 3.5 to 4.5 from 1995-97 to 2003-05. The USA had the lowest rates in each age group.Conclusion:Little progress has been made in decreasing breast cancer mortality rates in the elderly in the UK. The gap in breast cancer mortality in the elderly compared to the younger age groups as well as the other countries is increasing. The gap with other countries will be closed only if there is a marked decrease in death rates in the over 75s. Future analysis should also look at the causes of higher mortality in the UK, taking the USA as the gold standard.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2059.
Pregnancy after Breast Cancer in Young Patients Does Not Worsen the Outcome of Breast Cancer.
Authors: Cordoba O. , Sabadell M. , Rubio I. , Cortadellas T. , Xercavins J. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: Pregnancy after breast cancer may worsen the outcome of breast cancer due to associated hormonal changes, especially among young patients. However, prior studies have failed to detect this effect, which may be explained by the selection of patients of older age and those that gave birth to term. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of pregnancy on the outcome of breast cancer in young patients.Patients: One hundred twenty three young patients (≤35 years) with invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ treated consecutively at our hospital between 1995 and 2005. Pregnancy was discouraged during the first two years, but not specific recommendation was given thereafter.Methods: We compared the prognostic factors, treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy treatment and follow-up between patients with pregnancy after breast cancer (P) and those who have not had subsequent pregnancy (NP).Results: There were 20 patients that get pregnant (16%). Of them, eight (40%) decided to interrupt pregnancy, and twelve (60%) gave birth to the term. The average time between diagnosis of cancer and pregnancy was four years. Several prognostic factors, such as age at diagnostic (median age 31 years old in both groups), histological type (CDI in P81% NP83.2%), clinical stage(P: 0 9.5%, I 38.1%, IIA 42.9%, IIIA 9.58%; NP: 0 7.9%, I 23.8%, IIA 32.7%, IIB 16.8%, IIIA 8.9%, IIIB 5.9%, IV 1%), positive axillary lymph nodes (P: 44.4% NP: 51.7%), histological high grade (P: 52.9% NP: 50.6%) and use of chemotherapy (P:76.2 NP: 89.2%) were similar among pregnant and non-pregnant women with differences who was not stadistical significance. However, use of hormonal treatment were more frequent in patients without later gestation (P: 33.% NP 68% p=0.003). Ductal Carcinoma in situ is more frequent among patients wit pregnancy but the difference is not statistical significant (P: 14% NP 4% p=0.10). Patients with pregnancy had better disease-free interval at 5 years (P95% vs NP62% p = 0.003) and overall 5 years survival(100% vs. 82% p = 0.008).Conclusions: A significant proportion of patients diagnosed of breast cancer at young age get pregnant, many of them unwillingly. Our study shows that pregnancy does not seem to worsen outcome. Patients should be counselling do not discontinuing her pregnancy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2062.
Epidemiology of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in China.
Authors: Lin Y. , Yin W. , Yan T. , Zhou L. , Di G. , Wu J. , Shen Z. , Shao Z. , Lu J. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background:The classification of tumors based on the gene expression may define intrinsic breast cancer subtypes in which the effect of risk factors could be more obvious. We sought to assess the risk factors for triple negative breast cancer on Chinese population.Methods: A retrospective study of 5761 patients was carried out from a large database of breast cancer patients undergoing surgery between January 1, 1991 and June 31, 2008 in Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Univariate analyses were performed by chi-square test of Student's t test and multivariate analyses by logistic regression.Results: A total of 1108 women were identified as having triple negative breast cancer and were compared with the 4653 women with non-triple negative. Regardless the pathological discrepancy, women with triple negative breast cancers were significantly more likely to be younger age(P=0.001; OR=1.615, 95%CI=1.207-2.160), premenopausal (P = 0.003; OR = 1.570, 95% CI = 1.171-2.106) and parous women (P = 0.001; OR = 1.741, 95% CI = 1.269-2.387).There seems no associations with increasing risk of triple negative breast cancer for breastfeeding (P=0.126), younger age at menarche (P=0.129), first degree family history (P=0.111) and oral contraceptive usage (P=0.251).Conclusion:Based on this large population study in Chinese breast cancer patients, the risk factors for triple negative phenotype may be somewhat different from those for Western women. Therefore, a better knowledge of this issue is warranted due to it may have impact on clinical outcomes and may offer some insight into the process of carcinogenesis and therapeutic efficacy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2065.
The Prognostic Significance of Functional Limitations among Women with Breast Cancer.
Authors: Braithwaite D. , Santariano W. , Moore D. , Hiatt R. , Esserman L. , Castillo A. , Sternfeld B. , Melisko M. , Caan B. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background:With the aging of the population, functional limitations are a growing burden among women with breast cancer. The prognostic impact of functional status among breast cancer survivors is not well understood.Methods:A total of 2270 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1997 and 2000, and followed in the prospective cohort study, Life after Cancer Epidemiology (LACE) were included. Information on functional limitations, health behaviors, anthropometric and demographic factors was self-reported by participants at enrollment. Tumor characteristics, treatment and outcomes were ascertained from medical records.Associations between functional limitations and survival from all causes, breast cancer specific causes and competing causes were analyzed with delayed entry Cox proportional hazards regression.Results:Thirty-nine percent of the cohort reported one or more limitations at study entry. Compared to women without functional limitations (n=1,345), those with one or more limitations (n = 857) were proportionately more likely to be elderly, less educated and more obese (all p&lt;.0001). Over a mean follow-up of 7 years, breast cancer survivors with functional limitations had higher overall crude mortality than their counterparts with no limitations [137 (50.9%) versus 132 (49.1%) respectively, p&lt;.0001]. When covariates were taken into account, the presence of functional limitations was associated with deaths from all causes [hazard ratio (HR)=1.39, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.06-1.83] and those from competing causes (HR=2.60, 95%CI 1.69-3.98) but not with breast cancer specific deaths (HR=.90, 95%CI .71-1.14).Conclusion:More breast cancer cases with functional limitations die of competing causes than of breast cancer. Interventions aimed at regaining physical function should lead to improvements in life expectancy in this population.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2067.
Apparent Decline in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Incidence in Tunisia Associated with Improved Socioeconomic Conditions.
Authors: Boussen H. , Ben Hassouna J. , Khomsi F. , Dhiab T. , Benna F. , Gamoudi A. , Mourali N. , Hechiche M. , Rahal K. , Levine P. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Aim: Numerous publications since the 1970s have reported an apparently high frequency of IBC in Tunisia affecting up to 50% of breast cancer patients. In the past 20 years, 3 complete national population-based cancer registries have provided more precise information about breast cancer (BC) incidence. Moreover, IBC diagnostic criteria moved from the French classification of aggressive or rapidly progressing breast cancer (RPBC) also designated as "pousee evolutive" (PEV) to the current system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). In this study we reviewed a series of publications and recent data from the Tunisian Breast Cancer Registries to evaluate the gradual changes in IBC and non-IBC and relate the findings to improvements in the general economic situation in this country.Methods: All indexed Tunisian publications regarding RPBC and IBC since 1970 were compiled and their data were compared to recent data from the Tunisian Cancer Registries. These findings were compared to reports on changing breast cancer patterns in Tunisia overall.Results: Trends in Tunisian BC were compared to the original report of RPBC from Tunisia's National Cancer Institute, the Institut Salah Azaiz, which noted 340 of 581 (58.5%) consecutive breast cancer patients had RPBC which included 282 (48.5%) PEV 3 patients clinically indistinguishable from IBC in the United States. In 6 subsequent series including 700 to 1400 patients affected by BC published from 1985 to 2008, the relative percentage of IBC patients gradually decreased to 30.3%, 6.2% and 5.7% associated with a concurrent increase in the incidence of breast cancer nationwide. Registry data and hospital-based studies have shown also a progressive decrease in mean clinical tumor size in the past four decades from 60mm to 40mm and a discordant tumor size between private patients and public patients, the latter having significantly larger tumors at diagnosis. This trend, compatible with the early observation of a rural predominance of RPBC and a gradual increase in gross national product supports other etiuologic studies indicating a strong environmental determinant. for IBC.Conclusion: These data support a number of studies indicating that environmental factors, including poorer socioeconomic conditions, prolonged breast feeding, and obesity may be risk factors for IBC, and indicate the importance of environmental factors in the etiology of this disease.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2077.