bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant (PPHN) due to premature closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA)
Authors: Okoye Ayevbekpen Grace , Khawash Adrita , Nanjundappa Mahesh , Jones Matthew , Greenough Anne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the course of an infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) secondary to premature closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA), a very rare phenomenon which can lead to adverse clinical outcomes.

Case presentation
A term infant was diagnosed with severe PPHN with echocardiographic features noted at 6 h after birth which included supra-systemic pulmonary pressures, severe isolated right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, poor RV dysfunction and no ductal flow in the context of a structurally normal heart. There was maternal use of low-dose aspirin in pregnancy due to preeclampsia. There is a known association between use of prostaglandin synthase inhibitors such as aspirin with ductal closure leading to increased RV pressure. Treatment was commenced with positive pressure ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and milrinone. There was a limited response to iNO necessitating increasing the concentration of milrinone with a marked improvement in oxygenation. Following commencement of sildenafil, inhaled nitric oxide was gradually weaned and stopped in the third week and the infant extubated. The infant was discharged home on oral sildenafil at four weeks of age with no respiratory or feeding support. Echocardiographic features of raised right sided pressures persisted, but with reduced RV hypertrophy and septal flattening and improved RV function. Oral sildenafil was subsequently weaned and stopped at four months of age.

Conclusions
A severe form of PPHN due to premature closure of the DA requires early discussion with the cardiologist. The use of milrinone and sildenafil can lead to a favourable outcome.
Weaving in the Ager Faliscus: A Contextual Approach to the Analysis of Loom Weights from the Sites of Falerii, Narce, Vignanello, Corchiano and Grotta Porciosa
Authors: Di Salvo Federico 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The focus of this paper is the contextualization of loom weights excavated in the Ager Faliscus region (Falerii, Narce, Vignanello, Corchiano, Grotta Porciosa) from the 19th century onwards. As many of these come from partially published excavations, the first aim is to provide a provisional chronology; a brief analysis of the material finds in their contexts of origin will contribute to a better understanding of when these objects were made and used. Secondly, the nature of these contexts will be discussed: what can they tell us about the social aspect of textile production in the area? What role did weaving play in the sacred and funerary sphere? The attempt to answer these questions aims to make full use of the data at our disposal from past excavations, providing a starting point for future research on the role of textile production in this area of pre-Roman Italy.
Multicenter Quality Collaborative to Reduce Overuse of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Bronchiolitis
Authors: Byrd Courtney , Noelck Michelle , Kerns Ellen , Bryan Mersine , Hamline Michelle , Garber Matthew , Ostrow Olivia , Riss Valerie , Shadman Kristin , Shein Steven , Willer Robert , Ralston Shawn 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) for bronchiolitis increased over the past decade without clear benefit. This quality improvement collaborative aimed to reduce HFNC initiation and treatment duration by 30% from baseline.

METHODS
Participating hospitals either reduced HFNC initiation (Pause) or treatment duration (Holiday) in patients aged &lt;24 months admitted for bronchiolitis. Participants received either Pause or Holiday toolkits, including: intervention protocol, training/educational materials, electronic medical record queries for data acquisition, small-group coaching, webinars, and real-time access to run charts. Pause arm primary outcome was proportion of patients initiated on HFNC. Holiday arm primary outcome was geometric mean HFNC treatment duration. Length of stay (LOS) was balancing measure for both. Each arm served as contemporaneous controls for the other. Outcomes analyzed using interrupted time series (ITS) and linear mixed-effects regression.

RESULTS
Seventy-one hospitals participated, 30 in the Pause (5746 patients) and 41 in the Holiday (7903 patients). Pause arm unadjusted HFNC initiation decreased 32% without LOS change. ITS showed immediate 16% decrease in initiation (95% confidence interval [CI] −27% to −5%). Compared with contemporaneous controls, Pause hospitals reduced HFNC initiation by 23% (95% CI −35% to −10%). Holiday arm unadjusted HFNC duration decreased 28% without LOS change. ITS showed immediate 11.8 hour decrease in duration (95% CI −18.3 hours to −5.2 hours). Compared with contemporaneous controls, Holiday hospitals reduced duration by 11 hours (95% CI −20.7 hours to −1.3 hours).

CONCLUSIONS
This quality improvement collaborative reduced HFNC initiation and duration without LOS increase. Contemporaneous control analysis supports intervention effects rather than secular trends toward less use.
Ordeal by Dinner: US Diplomats and Food Culture in the Russian Empire
Authors: Paulson Svetlana 
Published: April 2024

This article examines the encounters of US diplomats with food culture in the Russian Empire. Understanding local traditions associated with food was essential for diplomats who had to attend and host various receptions and formal dinners. Based on diaries, letters, and memoirs, the author argues that the Americans - representatives of a republic - found an immersion into food culture of an autocratic state, where the extremely elaborate rituals of food consumption were a part of a social-distinction signaling system, challenging. However, they learned to navigate all the nuances, representing their own country and traditions with dignity. Their observations about food in the capital of the Tsars reveal valuable details about the inner workings of the Russian Empire.
Ensuring Human Rights in Ukraine during Introduction of Martial Law: Constitutional and Administrative Aspect
Authors: Najafli Emin , Kisiliuk Eduard , Dubenko Oleksandr , Burlakov Serhii , Yarmaki Volodymyr 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal provision of human rights in Ukraine under the conditions of martial law. Human rights and freedoms are the highest value, but their characteristic feature, as a fundamentally important feature of a progressive society consists in historical instability, variability and subordination to socio-economic processes in the state, which contradicts the established principles of humanism, but remains typical in war conditions. Within the scope of the scientific study, it was determined that human rights have a characteristic of evolution together with society and the state, and therefore, taking into account the complexity of the events taking place on the territory of modern Ukraine, study of the available range of problems has a particularly important scientific and practical role. Study of the available range of problems was carried out using the methods of comparison, abstraction, analysis and generalization. In the course of the study, the essential characteristics of the social category were determined, in particular, the theoretical and methodological foundations of ensuring observance of human rights in conditions of martial law (the regulatory and legal basis). Summarizing the events taking place in Ukraine as a result of the treacherous armed aggression of the Russian Federation, it was concluded that under conditions of war human rights are the highest value.
Constitutionalisation of Law – Public Office
Authors: Nemțoi Gabriela 
Published: April 2024

Constitutionalisation expanded and intensified, especially after the expansion of the European Union, consecrating itself on the foundation of state sovereignty. The idea must be perceived as integrating fundamental rights and freedoms and the guarantee or security each state can provide its citizens. Although an old phenomenon, the constitutionalisation of law imposed itself on the political market after the 20th century through the awareness that a clear and solid constitution could establish a democratic framework for developing the rule of law. Constitutionalisation occurs in all legal systems based on a fundamental law that enjoys supremacy. However, constitutionalisation takes on its features from state to state, considering each one’s particularities. In a narrow sense, the constitutionalisation of law is the action by which a legal norm is given constitutional status, or a legal institution is consecrated by a constitutional norm.(G. Cornu, 2003). This research is a concise summary of the phenomenon of constitutionalisation and its effect on the civil service. As can be seen, the civil service is consistently a product of the constitution, being regulated by various fundamental texts.
Hip Osteoarthritis in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Severe Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Diebo Bassel G. , Alsoof Daniel , Balmaceno-Criss Mariah , Daher Mohammad , Lafage Renaud , Passias Peter G. , Ames Christopher P. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Burton Douglas C. , Deviren Vedat , Line Breton G. , Soroceanu Alex , Hamilton D. Kojo , Klineberg Eric O. , Mundis Gregory M. , Kim Han Jo , Gum Jeffrey L. , Smith Justin S. , Uribe Juan S. , Kebaish Khaled M. , Gupta Munish C. , Nunley Pierce D. , Eastlack Robert K. , Hostin Richard , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Hart Robert A. , Schwab Frank J. , Bess Shay , Lafage Virginie , Daniels Alan H. ,   International Spine Study Group
Published: April 2024

Background:
Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is common in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD). Limited data exist on the prevalence of hip OA in patients with ASD, or on its impact on baseline and postoperative alignment and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Therefore, this paper will assess the prevalence and impact of hip OA on alignment and PROMs.

Methods:
Patients with ASD who underwent L1-pelvis or longer fusions were included. Two independent reviewers graded hip OA with the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification and stratified it by severity into non-severe (KL grade 1 or 2) and severe (KL grade 3 or 4). Radiographic parameters and PROMs were compared among 3 patient groups: Hip-Spine (hip KL grade 3 or 4 bilaterally), Unilateral (UL)-Hip (hip KL grade 3 or 4 unilaterally), or Spine (hip KL grade 1 or 2 bilaterally).

Results:
Of 520 patients with ASD who met inclusion criteria for an OA prevalence analysis, 34% (177 of 520) had severe bilateral hip OA and unilateral or bilateral hip arthroplasty had been performed in 8.7% (45 of 520). A subset of 165 patients had all data components and were examined: 68 Hip-Spine, 32 UL-Hip, and 65 Spine. Hip-Spine patients were older (67.9 ± 9.5 years, versus 59.6 ± 10.1 years for Spine and 65.8 ± 7.5 years for UL-Hip; p < 0.001) and had a higher frailty index (4.3 ± 2.6, versus 2.7 ± 2.0 for UL-Hip and 2.9 ± 2.0 for Spine; p < 0.001). At 1 year, the groups had similar lumbar lordosis, yet the Hip-Spine patients had a worse sagittal vertebral axis (SVA) measurement (45.9 ± 45.5 mm, versus 25.1 ± 37.1 mm for UL-Hip and 19.0 ± 39.3 mm for Spine; p = 0.001). Hip-Spine patients also had worse Veterans RAND-12 Physical Component Summary scores at baseline (25.7 ± 9.3, versus 28.7 ± 9.8 for UL-Hip and 31.3 ± 10.5 for Spine; p = 0.005) and 1 year postoperatively (34.5 ± 11.4, versus 40.3 ± 10.4 for UL-Hip and 40.1 ± 10.9 for Spine; p = 0.006).

Conclusions:
This study of operatively treated ASD revealed that 1 in 3 patients had severe hip OA bilaterally. Such patients with severe bilateral hip OA had worse baseline SVA and PROMs that persisted 1 year following ASD surgery, despite correction of lordosis.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis Pengaruh Probabilitas Crossover Terhadap Kinerja Algoritma Genetika Dalam Optimasi Penjadwalan Matakuliah
Authors: Salman Rudi , Suprapto  , Irfandi  
Published: April 2024

Kecepatan kinerja Algoritma Genetika (AG) ditentukan oleh waktu komputasi. Waktu komputasi dalam AG untuk pencarian nilai optimum sangat dipengaruhi oleh parameter-parameter : ukuran populasi (popsize), Probabilitas Crossover (Pc), Probabilitas Mutasi (Pm) dan metode seleksi yang dipilih. Pc merupakan salah satu parameter penting dalam AG. Suatu kromosom yang akan mencapai solusi terbaik dapat diperoleh dari proses Crossover (pindah silang) dua kromosom induk. Proses Crossover sangat dipengaruhi oleh nilai Pc. Penentuan nilai Pc yang sesuai dan tepat merupakan indikator, seberapa besar kromosom induk yang akan mengalami crossover. Metode yang digunakan untuk Analisis Pengaruh Pc terhadap kinerja AG dengan cara mengganti nilai Pc antara 0,80-0,95. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan MATLAB R2012b sehingga diperoleh waktu komputasi terbaik untuk setiap nilai Pc yang dipilih. Sementara parameter-parameter AG yang lain tetap,yaitu : Pm=0,05 dan ukuran populasi=100 untuk setiap pergantian nilai Pc. Hasil pengujian menggunakan MATLABR2012b menunjukkan bahwa waktu komputasi tercepat berada pada rentang nilai Pc antara 0,85-0,95 dengan rata-rata waktu komputasi 0,14564s. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk kasus optimasi penjadwalan matakuliah diprodi TE Unimed nilai Pc antara 0,85-0,95, akan memberikan waktu komputasi tercepat.
Comprehensive analysis of predictive significance of PRR11 in glioma at multiple-datasets and single-cell sequencing levels
Authors: Han Wei , Chen Liang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose Glioma, characterized with invasive growth and high recurrence, is the main cause of brain-tumor-related deaths. Currently, PRR11 has exhibited its predictive value in diagnosis, prognosis and immunotherapy of several human cancers. However, the predictive significance of PRR11 in glioma is still uncertain.
Methods Glioma-related information from multiple-datasets and single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq), including CGGA, TCGA_GTEx, GEO, 10x Genomics and Smart-seq, was included in this study. Then, clinical correlation analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and ROC curve analysis were utilized to validate diagnostic and prognostic value of PRR11 in glioma. Besides, functional mechanisms of PRR11 in glioma were also explored via Spearman correlation, immune infiltration, scRNA-seq, GO enrichment and KEGG analysis.
Results PRR11 is a promising and reliable predictor in diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients, positively correlates with clinical malignancy, World Health Organization (WHO) grades, IDH mutation status, 1p19q codeletion status, histology and poor survival time. Mechanically, PRR11 is specifically overexpressed in Mano/Macro_C21 and CD8Tex cells and interferes with cell-cycle, transcription factors, immune infiltration, MYC targets and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Further exploration of biological mechanisms of PRR11 in glioma patients reveals that PRR11 might exert its oncogenic effects via involvement with chromosome segregation, coenzyme binding, cell cycle and pyruvate metabolism.
Conclusions Our results suggest that PRR11 might be a novel and reliable diagnostic and prognostic predictor in glioma patients, providing a promising clinical therapeutic target for glioma.
Experimental Investigation of Thermal Runaway in 40Ah Prismatic Lithium Batteries at Different SOC
Authors: Wei Ningning 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With the evolution of energy storage, Thermal Runaway (TR) stands out as the most critical safety concern for Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs). This study employs a prismatic lithium battery with a nominal capacity of 40Ah, featuring Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 as the cathode material. The investigation delves into the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% State of Charge (SOC) in a nitrogen environment. The findings indicate: 1) an ascending trend in the highest temperatures at various points within the battery as SOC increases, accompanied by a declining trend in normalized gas production and a non-linear relationship between the heat released during TR and the stored electrochemical energy; 2) the highest temperature point withinthe battery consistently resides at the surface, offering insights for the temperature monitoring of the Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS); 3) a direct correlation between higher SOC and increased material ejection, with a mass loss rate of 25.8% at 100% SOC, a static total gas production of 2.45 mol, and a maximum explosion index of 0.2886 kPa⋅m⋅s⁻¹.(Be accepted by a journal)
Efficacy and Safety of PCA-assisted Continuous Paravertebral Block in Subacute Herpes Zoster-associated Pain: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Superiority Trial
Authors: Yang Bo , Shi Xiaohan , Xu Yanan , Wang Qing , Meng Zhaojun , Lv Lin , Xu Jin , Qi Jing , Lu Yan , Dong Hailong , Gu Nan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Pain management for herpes zoster-associated pain (ZAP) is essential to improve patients’ daily lives and potentially intervene in the chronicity. Long-lasting, repetitive painful stimuli might lead to central sensitization and neuropathic pain generation. The subacute phase is the main period for ZAP patients to seek medical attention, and it is also a critical treatment time window for the transformation of ZAP to chronic pathological changes. Although there is still a lack of rigorous considerable sample evidence, the pain degree of ZAP and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) may decrease accordingly with increasing adequate analgesia. Compared to repeated paravertebral nerve block (PVB), Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) -assisted continuous PVB provides more prolonged and comprehensive pain relief according to patient needs. Given this, we intend to test the hypothesis that PCA-assisted continuous PVB delivers a safe and better analgesic effect and reduces PHN incidence in subacute ZAP patients.
Methods
A total of 82 eligible subacute herpes zoster (SHZ) patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to the PCA-assisted continuous PVB group (Group PCA) and the repeated PVB group (Group rPVB) at a 1:1 ratio. All enrolled patients will undergo thoracic paravertebral space (TPVS) catheterization and receive similar doses of medication for seven days. The main intervention factor lies in the different drug administration manners. PCA-assisted continuous PVB treatment will be achieved by pumping, while repeated PVB treatment will be conducted by injecting other therapeutic solutions. The participants and investigators will be both blinded to group allocation. The primary outcome is the VAS scores one month after treatment. The secondary outcomes include the incidence of PHN and the adverse events during treatment and follow-up.
Discussion
The results from this study will provide clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of PCA-assisted continuous PVB for subacute ZAP patients.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300068158. Registered on 9 February 2023. https://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.html
Monitoring corn stover processing by the fungus Ustilago maydis
Authors: Robertz Stefan , Philipp Magnus , Schipper Kerstin , Richter Paul , Miebach Katharina , Magnus Jorgen , Pauly Markus , Ramírez Vicente 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
A key aspect of sustainable bioeconomy is the recirculation of renewable, agricultural waste streams as substrates for microbial production of high-value compounds. One interesting approach is the bioconversion of corn stover, an abundant maize crop byproduct using the fungus Ustilago maydis. U. maydis is already used as a unicellular biocatalyst in the production of several industrially-relevant compounds. As a natural maize pathogen, the fungus is adapted to feed on nutrients derived from maize biomass. Here, we describe a small-scale bioreactor platform to investigate U. maydis processing of corn stover, combining online monitoring of fungal growth and metabolic activity profiles with biochemical analyses of the post-fermentation residue.
Results
By establishing and applying the online measuremet of important process parameters including scattered light, Gfp fluorescence, oxygen transfer rate and pH together with post-fermentation residue analysis we demonstrated that U. maydis utilizes specific carbohydrate sources within corn stover. More specifically, our findings reveal that it primarily grows by metabolizing soluble sugars, with only limited exploitation of the abundant lignocellulosics. The use of a lignin-deficient maize mutant, as well as the partial digestion of the lignocellulosic biomass with a commercial enzyme mixture, result in significant fungal performance enhancement, up to + 120%, likely as a result of the increased availability of specific lignocellulosic components. Furthermore, successful application of the established screening platform for the performance assessment of different engineered fungal strains was shown.
Conclusions
U. maydis can metabolize corn stover material as sole carbon source and the developed microtiter plate bioreactor platform enables quantification of the growth performance, as well as identification of the carbohydrate sources digested by the fungus. It serves as a first step for the process scale-up towards production of sustainable compounds from corn stover by U. maydis, and as a foundation for tailored carbohydrate active enzyme engineering in this fungus.
Effectiveness and mechanism of microbial dust suppressant on coal dust with different metamorphosis degree
Authors: Zhao Yanyun , Li Suning , Wu Mingyue , Hu Xiangming , Guo Yongxiang , Wang Jingqian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The extraction of coal from open-pit mines significantly contributes to environmental degradation, posing grave risks to human health and the operational stability of machinery. In this milieu, microbial dust suppressants leveraging Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) demonstrate substantial potential for application. This manuscript undertakes an exploration of the dust mitigation efficiency, consolidation attributes, and the fundamental mechanisms of microbial dust suppressants across coal dust samples with varying metamorphic gradations. Empirical observations indicate that, in resistance tests against wind and rain, lignite coal underwent mass losses of 7.43 g·m-2·min-1 and 98.62 g·m-2·min-1, respectively. The production of consolidating agents within the lignite dust, attributable to the microbial suppressants, was measured at 0.15 g per unit mass, a value 1.25 and 1.07 times greater than that observed in bituminous coal and anthracite, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses illuminated that the consolidating products within the coal dust predominantly constituted calcite and vaterite forms of calcium carbonate. The consolidation mechanism of coal dust via microbial suppressants is articulated as follows: Subsequent to the application on coal dust, the suppressants induce the formation of carbonate precipitates with inherent adhesive properties. These carbonates affix to the surfaces of coal dust particles, progressively encapsulating them. Furthermore, they play a pivotal role in bridging and filling the interstices between adjacent dust particles, thereby culminating in the genesis of a dense, cohesive mass capable of withstanding erosive forces.