bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objektdetektion und -verfolgung durch nichtlineare Filterung und Fusion von Lidar- und PositionsdatenObject Detection and Tracking through Non-Linear Filtering and Fusion of Lidar and Position Data
Authors: Thuy Michael , Habigt Julian , Puente León Fernando 
Published: April 2010

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird eine neue Methode erarbeitet, um Objekte im Kontext von Fahrerassistenzsystemen und autonomen Automobilen zu erkennen und robust zu verfolgen. Als umweltabbildende Sensoren dienen zwei Lidarscanner, welche das Fahrzeugumfeld zyklisch abtasten. Zusätzlich werden diese Daten mit den eigenen Positionsdaten fusioniert, um sie in ein weltfestes Koordinatensystem zu überführen. Diese Lidardaten werden anschließend einem Partikelfilter zugeführt. Innerhalb des Filterzyklus dienen die Lidarpunkte zur Speisung der Beobachtungsfunktion und bewerten somit die einzelnen Partikel. Eine darauf folgende Ballungsanalyse extrahiert die geschätzten Systemzustände der verfolgten Objekte.
Periodontal Disease Activity Measured by the Benzoyl‐DL‐Arginine‐Naphthylamide Test Is Associated With Preterm Births
Authors: Chan Hui‐Chen , Wu Chen‐Tsai , Welch Kathleen B. , Loesche Walter J. 
Published: April 2010

Background: Infection is a risk factor for preterm birth. This study was conducted in the field and addressed the link between periodontal pathogens measured with the benzoyl‐DL‐arginine‐naphthylamide (BANA) test and preterm birth.Methods: This prospective study was performed in Changhua, Taiwan. Periodontal examinations included the plaque index, papillary bleeding scores, and measurement of the BANA enzyme in plaque samples at the second and third trimesters. Independent variables included maternal demographic characteristics, previous pregnancy histories, risk factors, plaque and gingivitis scores, and current pregnancy outcomes.Results: There were 19 (7%) preterm deliveries among the 268 subjects. A history of a previous preterm birth and low birth weight, frequency of prenatal visits, preterm uterine contractions, antepartum hemorrhages, placenta previae, and preterm premature rupture of membranes were significantly related to preterm birth (P = 0.035, 0.027, <0.001, 0.025, 0.006, 0.014, and <0.001, respectively). Maternal weight gain was higher with a normal term delivery (P = 0.003). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the number of BANA‐infected sites in the third trimester (odds ratio [OR]: 5.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 31.6), maternal weight gain (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.91), antepartum hemorrhages (OR: 10.0; 95% CI: 2.2 to 46.9), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (OR: 12.6; 95% CI: 3.97 to 42.71) had significant influences on preterm‐birth outcomes.Conclusions: BANA‐positive plaque in the third trimester was associated with preterm births after controlling for other risk factors. The BANA test can be used to screen pregnant women at chairside and/or bedside to apply suitable intervention tactics.
Oral Complications Associated With D‐Penicillamine Treatment for Wilson Disease: A Clinicopathologic Report
Authors: Tovaru Serban , Parlatescu Ioannina , Dumitriu Anca‐Silvia , Bucur Alexandru , Kaplan Ilana 
Published: April 2010

Background: Wilson disease (WD) is a hereditary disease inhibiting copper release from the liver. Multi‐organ manifestations involve the liver, nervous system, kidneys, eyes, heart, and skin. Elastic fiber damage is a complication of the most frequently used medication in the treatment of WD D‐penicillamine (D‐PCA). These changes have very rarely been described in the oral cavity. The article describes oral complications associated with WD and its treatment by D‐PCA.Methods: Clinical, radiographic, and microscopic evaluation was done on two WD female patients (aged 28 and 53), treated by D‐PCA, with clinical and pathological evidence for oral drug‐related complications.Results: The lesions included multiple small red papules of the lips, gingival enlargement, early onset periodontitis, and repeated oral candidiasis. Biopsies of oral mucosa (gingiva, buccal) exhibited in one case granulomatous inflammation, and in both cases, thick irregular clumps of tortuous, red‐staining abnormal elastic fibers. The red lip papules resemble elastosis perforans serpiginosa (EPS). Similar lesions have been described in the skin, but never before in association with oral or perioral tissue. In addition to the oral lesions, one of the patients developed general intolerance to the drug and was switched to trientine hydrochloride.Conclusions: WD patients and others treated by D‐PCA may develop oral and perioral complications, in some cases exhibiting features of damaged elastic fibers in the mucosa and periodontal apparatus. It is possible that this damage may be one of the factors responsible for poor periodontal health in WD patients. Recognition of the lesions can lead to replacement of the affecting therapeutic agent.
A small sequence in domain v of the mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA restores Drosophila melanogaster pole cell determination in uv-irradiated embryos
Authors: Psaila Rossana , Ponti Donatella , Ponzi Marta , Gigliani Franca , Battaglia Piero 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe mechanism by which the mitochondrial large rRNA is involved in the restoration of the pole cell-forming ability in Drosophila embryos is still unknown. We identified a 15-ribonucleotide sequence which is conserved from the protobacterium Wolbachia to the higher eukaryotes in domain V of the mitochondrial large rRNA. This short sequence is sufficient to restore pole cell determination in UV-irradiated Drosophila embryos. Here, we provide evidence that the conserved 15-base sequence is sufficient to restore luciferase activity in vitro. Moreover, we show that the internal GAGA sequence is involved in protein binding and that mutations in this tetranucleotide affect the sequence’s ability to restore luciferase activity. The obtained results lead us to propose that mtlrRNA may be involved either in damaged protein reactivation or in protein biosynthesis during pole cell determination.
Studies on binary mixtures of 4-pentyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyl with three 4, 4′-di(alkoxy)azoxybenzenes
Authors: Jaishi B. , Mandal P. , Dąbrowski R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEighteen binary mixtures of 4-pentyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5OCB) and 4, 4′-di(alkoxy)azoxybenzenes (nOAB) with n = 5, 6, and 7 at different concentrations have been studied in detail. Over a wide concentration range, induced SmA phase was observed in all the mixtures except in one. In most of the mixtures, the refractive indices no, ne, and Δn lie between the values of pure components. The optical birefringence of the mixtures is found to decrease non-additively with concentration. The molecular polarizability anisotropy and the orientational order parameter <P2> of the mixtures were calculated. Nature of variation of polarizability anisotropy with concentration is similar to that of Δn. In allmixtures <P2> is more in smectic phase than in nematic phase and it also shows non-additive behaviour. Observed <P2> values of the mixtures were compared with McMillan’s and Maier-Saupe theoretical values and good agreement is found in some mixtures. The transition temperatures obtained by fitting <P2> data to McMillan’s theory agree with the observed values within a few degrees. Ratio of elastic constants K33 and K11 is determined for mixtures having nematic phase and found to diverge at TNA transition point.
Sensitivity of a VCSEL threshold performance to inaccuracies in its manufacturing
Authors: Żujewski M. , Nakwaski W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe paper describes an impact of various possible inaccuracies in manufacturing of verticalcavity surface-emitting diode lasers (VCSELs), like thicknesses and compositions of their layers different from assumed ones, on VCSEL room-temperature (RT) continuous-wave (CW) threshold performance. To this end, the fully self-consistent comprehensive optical-electrical-thermal-recombination VCSEL model has been applied. While the analysis has been carried out for the 1.3-μm oxide-confined intra-cavity contacted GaInNAs/GaAs VCSEL, its conclusions are believed to be more general and concern most of modern VCSEL designs. As expected, the VCSEL active region has been found to require the most scrupulous care in its fabrication, any uncontrolled variation in compositions and/or thicknesses of its layers is followed by unaccepted RT CW lasing threshold increase. Also spacer thicknesses should be manufactured with care to ensure a proper overlapping of the optical standing wave and both the gain and lossy areas within the cavity. On the contrary, less than 5% thickness changes in distributed-Bragg-reflectors are followed by nearly insignificant changes in VCSEL RT CW threshold. However, exceeding the above limit causes a rapid increase in lasing thresholds. As expected, in all the above cases, VCSELs equipped with larger active regions have been confirmed to require more careful technology. The above results should enable easier organization of VCSEL manufacturing.
Agreement and reproducibility in identification of endometriosis using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Saba Luca , Guerriero Stefano , Sulcis Rosa , Ajossa Silvia , Melis Gianbenedetto , Mallarini Giorgio 
Published: April 2010

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising technique in the study of endometriosis, allowing a complete mapping of lesions before surgery. However, the value of MRI in the diagnosis of endometriosis in the bladder, in superficial peritoneal lesions, and in ovarian foci and uterosacral ligaments is still under debate. Purpose: To assess inter- and intra-observer agreement in the evaluation of endometriosis in different anatomical locations using MRI. Material and Methods: From June 2006 to February 2008, 83 female patients (mean age 39, range 19–49 years) who had undergone MRI examination for suspected endometriosis were evaluated by two radiologists. MRI at 1.5 Tesla was performed with SE and TSE sequences, T1- and T2-weighted with and without fat suppression. Each examination was completed with gadolinium administration. Each dataset was independently evaluated by the radiologists for the presence or absence of endometriosis. The location (ovaries, uterosacral ligaments (USLs), pouch of Douglas, vagina, rectosigmoid, rectovaginal septum, and bladder) of suspected lesions was recorded. Cohen kappa statistical analysis was performed to calculate agreement between measurements. After 2 months the data were analyzed again by the two observers to assess intra-observer agreement. Results: Of the 83 MRI examinations performed, 12 patients demonstrated no evidence of endometriosis. In the remaining 71 studies, 157 endometriotic lesions ranging in size from 0.4 to 6.2 cm were detected. Of the 157 lesions, 53 (33.75% incidence) were smaller than 1 cm. In the ovaries, the inter-observer agreement was 92.77% and the kappa value was 0.802 (95% CI, 0.695–0.91). In the bladder the inter-observer agreement was 96.39% and the kappa value was 0.553 (95% CI 0.056–1). In the USLs the inter-observer agreement was 90.96% and the kappa value 0.583 (95% CI, 0.381–0.784). In the rectovaginal septum the inter-observer agreement was 94.58% and the kappa value 0.739 (95% CI, 0.572–0.905). In the rectovaginal pouch the inter-observer agreement was 88.55% and the kappa value 0.608 (95% CI, 0.443–0.774). In the vaginal fornix the inter-observer agreement was 94.58% and the kappa value 0.726 (95% CI, 0.552–0.901). In the rectosigmoid the inter-observer agreement was 89.76% and the kappa value 0.589 (95% CI, 0.389–0.768). Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that MRI has a high inter- and intra-observer agreement in the identification of endometriosis located in the ovary, rectosigmoid, and rectovaginal septum, whereas the agreement is suboptimal for the identification of endometriosis located in the USLs.
Identification of Viruses Infecting Peanut in Alabama1
Authors: Gudauskas R. T. , Burch K. B. , Jin P. , Hagan A. K. , Weeks J. R. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Leaf samples collected from 1,883 peanut plants in 158 fields in 14 counties during July-August, 1990 and 1991, were tested for peanut mottle (PMV), peanut stripe (PStV), peanut stunt (PSV), and tomato spotted wilt (TSWV) viruses by sap inoculations onto indicator plants and/or by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of 889 plants showing virus-like symptoms, 58% were infected with TSWV alone or mixed with PMV or PSV, 36% with PMV alone or mixed with TSWV or PSV, and 5% with PSV alone or mixed with TSWV or PMV. Double infections of PMV with TSWV, PSV with TSWV, and PMV with PSV were detected in 24%, 3%, and 1% of the symptomatic plants. Of 994 apparent asymptomatic plants, 16% were infected with PMV alone or mixed with TSWV, 8% with TSWV alone or mixed with PMV or PSV, and 5% with PSV alone or mixed with TSWV. Double infections of PMV with TSWV and PSV with TSWV were detected in 2% and 1% of the asymptomatic plants. PMV and TSWV were found in at least one field in every county sometime during the two seasons; PSV was found in 13 counties. The most notable difference in virus incidence between the two years was that TSWV was found in 20% of the asymptomatic plants in 1990 as compared to 6% in 1991. PStV was not detected by ELISA in 1990 or 1991, and no reactions suggestive of PStV or any virus other than PMV, PSV, or TSWV were observed on indicator plants used to assay the 1990 collections.
Fatty Acid Composition, Mineral Content, and Flavor Quality of Southern Runner Peanuts Treated With Herbicides and Fungicides1
Authors: Hashim I. B. , Koehler P. E. , Kvien C. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The application of herbicides and fungicides (chemical compounds used to control weed and fungal pests, respectively) generally improve peanut yield and grade, however their effect on peanut composition and flavor quality is not well documented. The effects of herbicides or fungicides and their combinations on mineral content, fatty acid composition and flavor quality of Southern Runner peanut were investigated. Fungicide application [chlorothalonil (C) and diniconazole (D)] alone or in combination, improved the yield. Application of most herbicides or fungicides or their combination decreased the long chain saturated fatty acid, eicosenoic acid (20:1), acetone, methyl pyrrole and hexanal content while increasing pyrazine content. Application of imazquin (I) and most of the combinations increased magnesium (Mg) while decreased zinc (Zn) content. Application of benefin (B), metolachor (M), alachlor (A), (B+V), (M+C), and (M+D) increased the oleic linoleic acid (O/L) ratio which should improve the stability of the peanuts. Application of (B+V+A) decreased the flavor intensity of the roasted peanuts. Application of pesticides affected fatty acid composition and flavor quality of Southern Runner peanuts.
Peanut Production in Systems Restricting Use of Pesticides Based on Carcinogenicity or Leachability1
Authors: Kvien C. K. , Culbreath A. K. , Wilcut J. W. , Brown S. L. , Bell D. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the short-term impact of potential broad sweeping changes in pesticide registrations on peanut production and to compare and improve pest management systems for peanuts. In this research, detailed records on production inputs and returns were kept to access the short-term economic impact of each of six production systems differing in pesticide use. The preventative management strategy required additional pesticide inputs and averaged $180 per hectare less return when compared to the non-restrictive IPM program. When non-restrictive IPM programs were compared to IPM systems that eliminated carcinogens, return to management per hectare declined $1010 and $516 for the cultivars Florunner and Southern Runner respectively. The exclusion of the fungicide chlorothalonil was the primary reason for this loss in revenue. Elimination of compounds most likely to leach, based on their relative leaching potential, had minimal impact on peanut production. All test locations had low nematode pressures. The organic production strategy had the highest pre-harvest variable costs, due to the high input of hand labor required for weeding. To produce returns similar to an unrestricted IPM system, a raw agricultural commodity price 1.95 times that of the IPM system would have to be offered to organic growers.
Application Timing of Lactofen for Broadleaf Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Jordan David L. , Wilcut John W. , Swann Charles W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Field experiments compared single and sequential applications of lactofen {+-2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate} to the standard herbicide programs of alachlor [2-chloro-N-2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetamide] + paraquat (1,11-dimethyl-4,41-bipyridinium ion) and acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} + bentazon {3-(1-methyl-ethyl)-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazon-4(3H) 2,2-dioxide} for broadleaf weed control. A single late postemergence (LPOST) application of lactofen controlled morningglory species (Ipomoea spp.) and prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) as well as lactofen applied early POST (EPOST) and LPOST. Lactofen applied sequentially at groundcracking (GC) and EPOST provided greater and/or more consistent control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and prickly sida than alachlor+paraquat applied GC or acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST. Ipomoea spp. control was less with a single LPOST application of lactofen than with acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST in 1988. Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.) was controlled with single or sequential lactofen applications and with acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST. Peanut yield was greater when lactofen was applied at GC followed by an EPOST application compared with a single application of lactofen applied LPOST, acifluorfen+ bentazon applied LPOST, or alachlor+paraquat applied GC.
Effect of Genotypes and Environments on Oil Content and Oil Quality Parameters and Their Correlation in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1
Authors: Dwivedi S. L. , Nigam S. N. , Jambunathan R. , Sahrawat K. L. , Nagabhushanam G. V. S. , Raghunath K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The quality of edible oils is now receiving increasing consideration from consumers and processors. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of environments on oil content and fatty acid composition in peanut. The correlation between oil content and oil quality parameters was also studied. Thirteen peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes were grown in 12 environments for the study. Soils at experiment locations differed significantly for pH, EC, and N, P, Zn, Mn, and Fe contents. Significant genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction effects were observed for oil content, individual fatty acid contents, and derived oil quality parameters. The original range of 34-54% of oil content based on one season/location evaluation in these lines was not repeatable, and ranged from 45-50% in multilocation evaluation. Oil content was positively correlated with soil pH and Fe content. The correlation of oleic and linoleic acid content with soil pH and Fe content was positive in the former and negative in the latter. The oil content was positively correlated with O/L ratio. Oliec and linoleic acid contents were negatively correlated. Selection for reduced linoleic acid level in genotypes would also reduce levels of total long chain saturated fatty (TLCSF) acids. Of the thirteen genotypes tested, ICG 5856, ICG 5369, and ICGV 87124 could be used in breeding for improved oil quality.
Inheritance of Leaflet Size in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1
Authors: Essomba N. B. , Coffelt T. A. , Branch W. D. , Van Scoyoc S. W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Leaves are the main site of photosynthesis in plants. Leaf size and shape have been shown to be related to disease resistance. Therefore, understanding the inheritance of traits related to them is important. Conflicting results have been reported on the inheritance of leaflet size in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Some indicate qualitative inheritance and others quantitative determination. This study was undertaken to examine the genetic factors which control leaflet size in peanut. F2 populations from a modified diallel (excluding self-crosses) with three parents, A. monticola and two A. hypogaea genotypes (Argentine and T2442), were used in this experiment. In contrast with previous studies, the measurement technique used took into account the within-plant variability which occurs for this trait. Results suggest that: a) leaflet size may be quasi-quantitatively inherited; i.e., its inheritance may present distinguishable genotypes within continuous variation; b) the inheritance of leaflet size may involve two types of alleles of which one would be responsible for large leaflet size, while the other would be responsible for small leaflet size; and c) the use of progressive measurement scales and the analysis of ungrouped data are advisable on genetic studies of some morphological traits in peanut.
Evaluation of a Weather-Based Spray Advisory for Management of Early Leaf Spot of Peanut in Oklahoma1
Authors: Damicone J. P. , Jackson K. E. , Sholar J. R. , Gregory M. S. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A simplified version of the weather-based advisory program developed by Parvin, Smith, and Crosby (PSC) for scheduling fungicide sprays for management of early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) was evaluated under various productions systems in Oklahoma from 1990-1992. Over eight trials with spanish cultivars, the number of sprays per season averaged 5.7 for the 14-d schedule and 4.0 for the advisory program. Final disease incidence (symptomatic and defoliated leaflets) with the fungicide chlorothalonil (1.26 kg/ha) averaged 15% for the 14-d schedule, 34% for the advisory program, and 77% for the control. However, disease incidence (75%) and defoliation (50%) approached unacceptable levels on the spanish cultivars in some trials. In six trials with runner cultivars, the number of sprays averaged 6.7 for the 14-d schedule and 4.7 for the advisory program. Final disease incidence with chlorothalonil on the runner cultivars averaged 5% for the 14-d schedule, 14% for the advisory program, and 68% in the control. Yields did not differ in any of the 14 trials between the advisory and 14-d programs using chlorothalonil. Yields averaged 3015, 3003, and 2303 kg/ha for spanish cultivars and 4108, 3855, and 3066 kg/ha for runner cultivars with the 14-d schedule, advisory program, and control, respectively. The advisory program was effective in irrigated trials where weather stations were deployed either under or outside the influence of irrigation. The fungicides tebuconazole at 0.14 kg/ha and propiconazole at 0.13 kg/ha generally provided better leaf spot control with the advisory program than chlorothalonil. The post-infection activity of these fungicides was observed in one trial and probably accounts for their improved performance. Yields were reduced and leaf spot incidence was high where tank mixes of benomyl (0.28 kg/ha) or thiophanatemethyl (0.38 kg/ha) plus mancozeb (1.68 kg/ha) were used with the advisory program. Area under the disease progress curve, leaf spot incidence, and defoliation in the controls were lower for runner than for spanish cultivars at sites where both market types were planted in adjacent trials. Fungicides applied according to the advisory program provided better leaf spot control on the runner cultivars. Results showed the need for a weather-based advisory which allows greater levels of leaf spot control on spanish cultivars than the PSC advisory.