bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Solovov–Badenoch principle in treating severe and recurrent vesico‐urethral anastomosis stricture after radical retropubic prostatectomy: technique and long‐term results
Authors: Simonato Alchiede , Gregori Andrea , Lissiani Andrea , Varca Virginia , Carmignani Giorgio 
Published: April 2012

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Many different approaches have been used to treat bladder neck strictures and urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy in the past. Most techniques are highly invasive and carry a high risk of complications.The present study describes the use of the Solovov–Badenoch ‘pull‐through urethroplasty’ as well as artificial urinary sphincter implantation.OBJECTIVE
To report our experience in the management of patients with combined urinary incontinence and stricture after radical prostatectomy with a two‐step approach: urethroplasty with a ‘pull‐through’ technique after the Solovov–Badenoch principle; and artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) insertion after 8–10 months.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 11 patients treated between September 2001 and January 2010.
RESULTS
There were no intraoperative complications in either procedure.
After urethroplasty one patient was unable to empty the bladder with complete urine retention without urethral stricture (treatment failure).
At 6 months after the urethroplasty 10 patients were completely incontinent and received AUS.
One previously irradiated patient developed urethral erosion 6 months after AUS implantation and underwent complete removal of the device.
After a mean (range) follow‐up of 65 (19–119) months, nine patients (81.8%) were continent with no post‐void residual urine and a perfectly functioning AUS.
CONCLUSION
Our experience with a two‐step approach (combined suprapubic/transperineal redo anastomosis and AUS placement) shows that redo vesico‐urethral anastomosis is easier than pure transperineal approaches with good results in restoring patency and that the transperineal step provides a dedicated operative field for AUS implantation with reduced risks of perioperative complications.
A Comparison between WCS and OPeNDAP for Making Model Results and Data Products Available through the Internet
Authors: Baart Fedor , de Boer Gerben , de Haas Wim , Donchyts Gennadii , Philippart Marc , van Koningsveld Mark , Plieger Maarten 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNumerical models produce output with a large number of variables, grid cells and time steps. The same applies to algorithms that produce gridded datasets from sparse or abundant raw data. Further use of the resulting data products has been challenging, especially for dissemination outside the institute of origin. Due to the gradually increasing size of data products, simply downloading copies of them is becoming impossible. A gradual transition from traditional download methods to web services is therefore observed. Web services allow for on‐the‐fly access to subsets of data that were hitherto considered as indivisible granules. Here we compare the most mature candidates to serve gridded data through the web: the Open‐source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP) and Web Coverage Service (WCS) protocols. In the framework of the new Dutch National Model and Data Centre (NMDC.eu) a distributed data storage has been created by coupling OPeNDAP servers. A WCS service layer is provided for the same data. This allows us to compare OPeNDAP and WCS. Using several use cases, we compare the usability, performance and features of the two protocols.
Discharge‐planning for long‐term care needs: the values and priorities of older people, their younger relatives and health professionals
Authors: Denson Linley A. , Winefield Helen R. , Beilby Justin J 
Published: April 2012

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 3–12

Discharge‐planning for long‐term care needs: the values and priorities of older people, their younger relatives and health professionals
Discharge‐planning decisions about long‐term care (LTC) can be difficult and distressing for older people, families and discharge‐planning health professionals. Retrospective research suggests that despite good intentions and a shared focus on the best interests of the older person, stakeholders may hold very different values about good outcomes and how to decide them. We aimed to compare the opinions and values of frail elders living at home, younger relatives and health professionals experienced in discharge‐planning, prospectively: before, not after, a LTC decision. We interviewed three types of stakeholders (10 older people, 8 relatives and 18 health professionals) using a hypothetical vignette about a frail elder leaving hospital. In a mixed methods design, we quantitatively compared the discharge plans and decision‐makers that stakeholders suggested, and qualitatively analysed the 36 interview transcripts for participants’ articulation of underlying values during these discussions. Older participants often suggested safe restrictive options (residential care, proxy decision‐making) for the hypothetical frail elder, while advocating autonomy for themselves. Younger people generally endorsed autonomous decision‐making and less restrictive discharge options especially if the elder was mentally competent, but reported difficult ethical tensions between safety and autonomy. Individual personality and preferences, mental capacity, and the importance of personal care in supporting autonomy were central themes consistent with the Ecological Theory of Aging. Accordingly, discharge planners can usefully articulate the balance of safety and autonomy, conceptualizing home care as maintaining independence rather than accepting dependence. Ethical training should incorporate sophisticated models of practice specifying both psychological and physical safety as components of beneficence. Few elders adopt a consumer approach to LTC: health professionals can encourage mid‐life adults to consider later care needs when planning for retirement.
Dimethylsulfoxide potentiates the nerve conduction–blocking effect of lidocaine without augmentation of the intracellular lidocaine concentration in the giant axon of crayfish in vitro
Authors: Yano Takeshi , Ibusuki Shoichiro , Takasaki Mayumi , Tsuneyoshi Isao 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate how dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) potentiates the blocking action of lidocaine. A giant axon removed from a crayfish was used to investigate nerve conduction and intracellular lidocaine concentration. The maximum values of the differential waveform (dV/dt max) calculated from evoked action potentials were used for evaluating an inhibition of nerve conduction. The inhibition of the dV/dt max in low‐frequency stimulation (tonic block) and high‐frequency stimulation (phasic block) after perfusion of 1 mm lidocaine with or without 0.2 vol % DMSO, in which the concentration of DMSO alone had no anesthetic effect, was measured to evaluate the potentiating action of DMSO. The intracellular lidocaine concentration was measured via a lidocaine‐sensitive glass microelectrode during 30 min of perfusion of 1 mm lidocaine alone or in combination with DMSO. When applied without lidocaine, DMSO caused a dose‐dependent nerve conduction block when used at concentrations >1 vol %. The dV/dt max in the tonic block was significantly decreased when 0.2 vol % DMSO was added to the lidocaine solution (P = 0.004). In the phasic block, there was no significant potentiating action of DMSO. There were no significant differences in the intracellular lidocaine concentrations with or without DMSO. The potentiating effects of DMSO were observed only in the condition of low‐frequency stimulation and were not related to the intracellular lidocaine concentration in the giant axon of crayfish in vitro.
Neither oxidized nor anti‐oxidized low‐density lipoprotein level is associated with atherosclerosis or mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Sevinc Ok Ebru , Kircelli Fatih , Asci Gulay , Altunel Ekrem , Ertilav Muhittin , Sipahi Savas , Bozkurt Devrim , Duman Soner , Ozkahya Mehmet , Toz Huseyin , Ok Ercan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIt is anticipated that oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and anti‐oxLDL are associated with atherosclerosis and mortality. However, data on this issue are controversial and limited. We aimed to investigate the effect of these two markers on the extent and progression of atherosclerosis and mortality in a group of hemodialysis patients. In this prospective observational study with a follow‐up of 36 months, 124 hemodialysis patients were studied. Ninety‐five patients underwent carotid intima media thickness (CA‐IMT) measurement by B‐Mode ultrasonography both at baseline and at the end of the study. oxLDL and anti‐oxLDL were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The extent and progression of CA‐IMT, along with overall and cardiovascular mortality, were assessed. The mean age at baseline was 54.0 ± 14.8 years, 57.3% male and 20% diabetic. The mean oxLDL and anti‐oxLDL levels were 8.11 ± 3.16 mU/L and 1.30 ± 0.31, respectively. Baseline mean CA‐IMT was 0.82 ± 0.20 mm. Fifteen patients died during a follow‐up period of 28.5 ± 6.6 months, 11 from cardiovascular causes. Only oxLDL, not anti‐oxLDL, was correlated with the extent of atherosclerosis at baseline. However, both had no role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Also, in unadjusted and adjusted models, both parameters were not associated with overall or cardiovascular mortality. Neither oxLDL nor anti‐oxLDL level is associated with the progression of atherosclerosis or mortality in hemodialysis patients.
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODES IN PUPPIES
Authors: Krol Lana , O'Brien Robert 
Published: April 2012

The jejunal and medial iliac lymph nodes of 53 clinically normal dogs between the age of 4 and 6 weeks were examined ultrasonographically. At least two jejunal and both left and right medial iliac lymph nodes were seen in all dogs. One hundred forty‐five jejunal, 53 right medial iliac and 53 left medial iliac lymph nodes in six litters of dogs, for a total of 251 lymph nodes, were measured for cross sectional maximum diameters. Mean jejunal lymph node length was 16.4 mm (range 6.4–34.9 mm) and mean width was 6.0 mm (range 2.3–15.7 mm). The mean medial iliac lymph node length was 13.6 mm (range 7.2–27.8 mm) and mean width was 4.4 mm (range 1.9–8.2 mm). Significant differences of lymph node size, noted between and within breeds, may not be of clinical significance. The mean size of the combined left and right medial iliac nodes was within previously published ranges for normal adult dogs. Lymph nodes were described in four litters of dogs (162 lymph nodes). Lymph nodes were either uniformly hypoechoic (108/163, 66%) or centrally hyperechoic with a hypoechoic rim (55/163, 34%). Although most (60%) lymph nodes were oval, a variety of shapes were seen, including vermiform and complex branching shapes. We concluded that in 4‐ to 6‐week‐old dogs, medial iliac lymph nodes are similar in size to adult dogs and jejunal lymph nodes are multiple, routinely seen, are larger than in adults and often have unconventional shapes.
Nitrogen Under‐ and Over‐supply Induces Distinct Protein Responses in Maize Xylem SapF
Authors: Liao Chengsong , Liu Renyi , Zhang Fusuo , Li Chunjian , Li Xuexian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractXylem sap primarily transports water and mineral nutrients such as nitrogen (N) from roots to shoots in vascular plants. However, it remains largely unknown how nitrogenous compounds, especially proteins in xylem sap, respond to N under‐ or over‐supply. We found that reducing N supply increased amino‐N percentage of total N in maize (Zea mays L.) xylem sap. Proteomic analysis showed that 23 proteins in the xylem sap of maize plants, including 12 newly identified ones, differentially accumulated in response to various N supplies. Fifteen of these 23 proteins were primarily involved in general abiotic or biotic stress responses, whereas the other five proteins appeared to respond largely to N under‐ or over‐supply, suggesting distinct protein responses in maize xylem upon N under‐ and over‐supply. Furthermore, one putative xylanase inhibitor and two putative O‐glycosyl hydrolases had preferential gene expression in shoots.
Charpentiers Illusion bei gerade nach vorn gerichtetem Blick. Experimente und Erklärung1
Authors: Björkman Allan , Göthlin G. Fr. 
Published: April 2012

Zusammenfassung.Charpentiers Täuschung trat bei den meisten Versuchspersonen —17 von 19 — auch bei gerade nach vorn gerichtetem Blick auf.Ein konstantes Verhältnis zwischen einerseits der Richtung, in der sich ein zentrales und in dunklem Blickfeld fixiertes optisches Nachbild infolge einer vorhandenen Tonusasymmetrie der äußeren Augenmuskeln zu bewegen scheint, und andererseits der Richtung, in der sich ein im dunkeln Raum bei gerade nach vorn gerichtetem Blick fixierter Lichtpunkt scheinbar bewegt (Charpentiers Täuschung), konnte bei den Versuchen nicht nachgewiesen werden.Wenn sich also die Illusion auch bei gerade nach vorn gerichtetem Blick einstellt, so ist sie dann am einfachsten deutbar als eine Wirkung von ungleich rascher Ermüdung der verschiedenen Vektorgruppen der äußeren Augenmuskeln, die beim Fixieren wirksam sind, so daß, wenn eine bestimmte Vektorgruppe rascher ermüdet als die anderen, sie relativ stärker als die übrigen innerviert werden muß, damit die Fixationsrichtung beibehalten werden kann. Hierdurch tritt ein Übergewicht an Innervationsempfindung — vgl. 7 S. 57 — für diese Vektorgruppe ein. Dieses Übergewicht an Innervationsempfindung in einer bestimmten Drehungsrichtung ruft seinerseits in dem dunklen, bis auf den Lichtpunkt objektlosen Raum die Vorstellung hervor, daß sich der fixierte Lichtpunkt selbst in der Wirkungsrichtung dieser Vektorgruppe bewegt.
Zur Frage nach dem oxydativen Abbau der Stärkesubstanzen1
Authors: Thunberg T. 
Published: April 2012

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Mitteilung ist eine Fortsetzung der früheren Untersuchungen des Verfassers über den oxydativen Abbau der Stärkestoffe durch ein im Gurkensamen befindliches Enzym. Die Frage, die den Verf. schon in der vorigen Mitteilung beschäftigte, war, ob dem oxydativen Abbau eine hydrolytische Spaltung und Phosphorylierung vorausgehen. Der Effekt von Vergiftungsversuchen mit Halogenfettsäuren ließ darauf schließen, daß das Stärkemolekül direkt angegriffen wird. Hier setzt Verf. seine Versuche fort, besonders unter Verwendung von Phlorrhizin. Da dieser die Phosphorylierung hemmende Stoff die Oxydation von Stärkestoffen in einem Phosphatextrakt von Cucumis kaum hemmt, spricht dies gegen die Annahme, daß die Oxydation eine vorherige Phosphorylierung voraussetzt. Magnesium, das wegen seines intimen Zusammenhangs mit den Phosphatasen untersucht wurde, beeinflußt ebenfalls die Oxydation der Stärkestoffe nicht.Johan och Therese Anderssons Minnesfond sage ich für die Bereitstellung von Mitteln für die Durchführung dieser Untersuchung meinen Dank.
Radiotherapy with concurrent or sequential temozolomide in elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Hashem Sameh A , Salem Ahmed , Al‐Rashdan Abdulla , Ezam Najeeb , Nour Ala'a , Alsharbaji Amer , Rejeeth Chandrababu , Mohamad Issa , Sughayer Maher , Elyan Maher , Al‐Hussaini Maysa , Addasi Ala' , Almousa Abdelatif 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjective: The objective of this article was to evaluate therapeutic outcomes of elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated by surgery followed by combined modality therapy and compare achievable outcomes to those of a younger age population.Methods and Materials: Seventy‐eight adult patients with histologically confirmed grade IV astrocytoma were treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman, Jordan) between September 2004 and December 2008. Records were retrospectively reviewed and included 55 males and 23 females between 19 and 78 years of age (median age 50 years). This case series included 20 patients aged 60 years or older. All patients underwent craniotomy followed radiotherapy and concurrent or sequential temozolomide. The follow‐up ranged from 1 to 56 months (median 9.4 months).Results: The median survival for the whole cohort was 13.8 months. The median survival for patients less than 60 years was 14.3 months and for patients 60 years or older was 12.3 months (P = 0.19). Among elderly patients, radical surgical resection (P = 0.002), concurrent delivery of chemoradiation (0.041) and radiotherapy dose ≥5400 cGy (P = 0.0001) conferred statistically significant improvements in overall survival.Conclusion: Management of GBM in elderly patients should include maximal surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide whenever medically feasible. Outcomes comparable to those obtained in younger age groups can be expected. Our results indicate that concurrent chemoradiation is superior to sequential chemoradiation in these patients.
Cost analysis of lung cancer management in South Western Sydney
Authors: Kang Sharlyn , Koh Eng‐Siew , Vinod Shalini K. , Jalaludin Bin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Western nations, and associated health‐care costs are escalating. The aim of this study was to describe the current pattern of resource use and direct medical costs associated in managing lung cancer in South Western Sydney, Australia.Methods: All new cases of primary lung carcinoma discussed at the Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre (CTC) Lung Cancer Multidisciplinary Team meeting or seen at CTC between 1 December 2005 and 21 December 2006 were reviewed. Staging investigations, hospitalisation, treatment and follow‐up investigations were documented from first consultation to last follow‐up (31 October 2008 or death). Cost estimates were based on the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule and reported in Australian dollars. Infrastructure, staff and non‐medical costs were excluded.Results: There were 210 patients, median age 68.2 years (range 39–90) with median follow‐up of 16.6 months. The pathology and stage distribution were: 3.8% limited stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 10.0% extensive stage SCLC, 13.4% stage I and II non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 28.5% stage III NSCLC and 44.3% stage IV NSCLC. The estimated total cost for managing this patient cohort was A$2.91 million. The cost components were: staging investigations (10.1%), treatment 41.2% (2.8% surgery, 15.8% radiotherapy and 22.6% chemotherapy), hospitalisation (43.7%) and follow‐up investigations (5%). The median costs for managing NSCLC and SCLC subgroups were A$10 675 (range A$669–612 789) and A$14 799 (range A$908–31 057), respectively.Conclusion: Hospitalisation and cancer treatment, particularly chemotherapy, accounted for the major components of direct medical costs in the management of lung cancer.
Coliform enteritis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Nath Bichitra Gopal , Chakraborty Apurba , Rahman Taibur 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTBackground and aim: Death of non‐human primates due to enteritis is common. The present study examined 27 carcasses of non‐human primates and documented two enteritis cases in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of Assam State Zoo. Methods: For histopathological examination, fragments of small intestine and colon were collected from necropsied animals, fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution, and processed by routine paraffin embedding techniques and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We cultured contents of intestinal tracts and selected tissues for their microflora. Results: At post mortem examination, grossly hemorrhages and ulceration in the intestines were noticed. Microscopical examination revealed degenerative changes of the epithelial cells of the villi and capillary congestion in the lamina propria and in the submucosa. Cultural examination showed the presence of Eschericia coli in the intestine. Conclusions: The study recommended that under certain environmental conditions, pathogenic E. coli were able to multiply and cause death of animals.
Historical and Recent Achievements in the Field of Microbial Degradation of Natural and Synthetic Rubber
Authors: Yikmis Meral , Steinbüchel Alexander 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThis review intends to provide an overview of historical and recent achievements in studies of microbial degradation of natural and synthetic rubber. The main scientific focus is on the key enzymes latex-clearing protein (Lcp) from the Gram-positiveStreptomycessp. strain K30 and rubber oxygenase A (RoxA) from the Gram-negativeXanthomonassp. strain 35Y, which has been hitherto the only known rubber-degrading bacterium that does not belong to the actinomycetes. We also emphasize the importance of knowledge of biodegradation in industrial and environmental biotechnology for waste natural rubber disposal.
Modified Cre-
loxP
Recombination in Aspergillus oryzae by Direct Introduction of Cre Recombinase for Marker Gene Rescue
Authors: Mizutani Osamu , Masaki Kazuo , Gomi Katsuya , Iefuji Haruyuki 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Marker rescue is an important molecular technique that enables sequential gene deletions. The Cre-
loxP
recombination system has been used for marker gene rescue in various organisms, including aspergilli. However, this system requires many time-consuming steps, including construction of a Cre expression plasmid, introduction of the plasmid, and Cre expression in the transformant. To circumvent this laborious process, we investigated a method wherein Cre could be directly introduced into
Aspergillus oryzae
protoplasts on carrier DNA such as a fragment or plasmid. In this study, we define the carrier DNA (Cre carrier) as a carrier for the Cre enzyme. A mixture of commercial Cre and nucleic acids (e.g., pUG6 plasmid) was introduced into
A. oryzae
protoplasts using a modified protoplast-polyethylene glycol method, resulting in the deletion of a selectable marker gene flanked by
loxP
sites. By using this method, we readily constructed a marker gene-rescued strain lacking
ligD
to optimize homologous recombination. Furthermore, we succeeded in integrative recombination at a
loxP
site in
A. oryzae
. Thus, we developed a simple method to use the Cre-
loxP
recombination system in
A. oryzae
by direct introduction of Cre into protoplasts using DNA as a carrier for the enzyme.