bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Drug Therapy by Covalent PEG Conjugation: An Overview From a Research Laboratory
Authors: Pasut Gianfranco , Veronese Francesco M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn the last two decades, efforts focused in the field of drug delivery have made it possible to reach important goals, especially with proteins and peptides. The story of the evolution of this matter is vast and it is difficult to summarize its various aspects in a single review. On the other hand, it could be really interesting to look at the inside story of a typical academic research lab that has dedicated almost all its resources to drug delivery. In our case, an initial interest in the issue of protein conformation stability soon paved the way for a new area of study: the modification of proteins with synthetic polymers. We have seen this technique transformed from a crude and inhomogeneous procedure into a well‐recognized and successful approach. This great advance has been possible thanks to the development of dedicated chemical coupling methods and to the better understanding of the behavior of polymers in vivo. In particular, among the several polymers investigated, PEG has became the best polymer for protein modification. Exploiting the unique properties of this polymer, we have conducted several investigations in the field of protein PEGylation and then transferred the acquired know‐how to the development of conjugates with low molecular weight drug. This last aspect still presents several unmet needs that are awaiting proper solutions.
Ultrasensitive label‐free photothermal imaging, spectral identification, and quantification of cytochrome c in mitochondria, live cells, and solutions
Authors: Brusnichkin Anton V. , Nedosekin Dmitry A. , Galanzha Ekaterina I. , Vladimirov Yuri A. , Shevtsova Elena F. , Proskurnin Mikhail A. , Zharov Vladimir P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractLight‐absorbing endogenous cellular proteins, in particular cytochrome c, are used as intrinsic biomarkers for studies of cell biology and environment impacts. To sense cytochrome c against real biological backgrounds, we combined photothermal (PT) thermal‐lens single‐channel schematic in a back‐synchronized measurement mode and a multiplex thermal‐lens schematic in a transient high resolution (ca. 350 nm) imaging mode. These multifunctional PT techniques using continuous‐wave (cw) Ar+ laser and a nanosecond pulsed optical parametric oscillator in the visible range demonstrated the capability for label‐free spectral identification and quantification of trace amounts of cytochrome c in a single mitochondrion alone or within a single live cell. PT imaging data were verified in parallel by molecular targeting and fluorescent imaging of cellular cytochrome c. The detection limit of cytochrome c in a cw mode was 5 × 10–9 mol/L (80 attomols in the signal‐generation zone); that is ca. 103lower than conventional absorption spectroscopy. Pulsed fast PT microscopy provided the detection limit for cytochrome c at the level of 13 zmol (13 × 10–21 mol) in the ultrasmall irradiated volumes limited by optical diffraction effects. For the first time, we demonstrate a combination of high resolution PT imaging with PT spectral identification and ultrasensitive quantitative PT characterization of cytochrome c within individual mitochondria in single live cells. A potential of far‐field PT microscopy to sub‐zeptomol detection thresholds, resolution beyond diffraction limit, PT Raman spectroscopy, and 3D imaging are further highlighted. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Towards Raman‐based epidemiological typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Willemse‐Erix Diana F. M. , Jachtenberg Jan‐willem , Bakker Schut Tom , van Leeuwen Willem , van Belkum Alex , Puppels Gerwin , Maquelin Kees 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRaman spectra of bacteria can be used as highly specific fingerprints, enabling discrimination at strain level. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains can be strongly pigmented, making it difficult to obtain high quality spectra of such isolates due to high fluorescent spectral backgrounds. Furthermore, the spectra that could be measured with acceptable quality often showed large spectral variations limiting the reproducibility required for strain level discrimination. P. aeruginosa produces a characteristic yellowish green fluorescent pigment, called pyoverdin. Applying a washing procedure to reduce the amount of fluorescent pigment, enabled the highly pigmented isolates to be measured with sufficient spectral quality. Isolation of the pigment/pyoverdin spectral features, together with spectral scaling methods improved reproducibility. It will be important to analyze the range of the spectral variations that can occur and ensure the correction of all of these factors to obtain the highest reproducibility required for strain level typing. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In vivo biodegradation and biocompatibility of PEG/sebacic acid‐based hydrogels using a cage implant system
Authors: Kim Jinku , Dadsetan Mahrokh , Ameenuddin Syed , Windebank Anthony J. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Lu Lichun 
Published: June 2010

AbstractComprehensive in vivo biodegradability and biocompatibility of unmodified and Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) peptide‐modified PEG/sebacic acid‐based hydrogels were evaluated and compared to the control material poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) using a cage implantation system, as well as direct subcutaneous implantation for up to 12 weeks. The total weight loss after 12 weeks of implantation for unmodified PEGSDA and RGD‐modified PEGSDA in the cage was ∼42% and 52%, respectively, with no statistical difference (p > 0.05). The exudate analysis showed that PEGSDA hydrogels induced minimal inflammatory response up to 21 days following implantation, similar to the controls (empty cage and the cage containing PLGA discs). Histology analysis from direct subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels and PLGA scaffold showed statistically similar resolution of the acute and chronic inflammatory responses with development of the fibrous capsule between the PEGSDA hydrogels and the control (PLGA). The cage system, as well as the histology analysis, demonstrated that the degradation products of both hydrogels, with or without RGD peptide modification, are biocompatible without statistically significant differences in the inflammatory responses, as compared to PLGA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Controlled nucleation of hydroxyapatite on alginate scaffolds for stem cell‐based bone tissue engineering
Authors: Suárez‐González Darilis , Barnhart Kara , Saito Eiji , Vanderby Ray , Hollister Scott J. , Murphy William L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCurrent bone tissue engineering strategies aim to grow a tissue similar to native bone by combining cells and biologically active molecules with a scaffold material. In this study, a macroporous scaffold made from the seaweed‐derived polymer alginate was synthesized and mineralized for cell‐based bone tissue engineering applications. Nucleation of a bone‐like hydroxyapatite mineral was achieved by incubating the scaffold in modified simulated body fluids (mSBF) for 4 weeks. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x‐ray analysis indicated growth of a continuous layer of mineral primarily composed of calcium and phosphorous. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed peaks associated with hydroxyapatite, the major inorganic constituent of human bone tissue. In addition to the mineral characterization, the ability to control nucleation on the surface, into the bulk of the material, or on the inner pore surfaces of scaffolds was demonstrated. Finally, human MSCs attached and proliferated on the mineralized scaffolds and cell attachment improved when seeding cells on mineral coated alginate scaffolds. This novel alginate‐ HAP composite material could be used in bone tissue engineering as a scaffold material to deliver cells, and perhaps also biologically active molecules. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Impact of fluorescent probes on albumin sorption profiles to ophthalmic biomaterials
Authors: Luensmann Doerte , Jones Lyndon 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBovine serum albumin (BSA) was conjugated to three organic fluorescent probes, 5‐(4,6‐Dichloro‐s‐triazin‐2‐ylamino)fluorescein hydrochloride (DTAF), Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC), and Lucifer yellow VS (LY). The protein sorption profile to one pHEMA‐based (etafilcon A) and three silicone hydrogel (SH) contact lens types (lotrafilcon B, balafilcon A and senofilcon A) was determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy. In addition, all lenses were incubated in dye solutions containing the fluorescent probe alone; and in a separate experiment BSA accumulation was quantified using radiolabeling. The different fluorescent conjugates showed similar sorption profiles for the pHEMA‐based lens, but marked differences for all SH lenses. Lotrafilcon B accumulated more protein on the surface as compared to the matrix, independent of the fluorescent probe used for conjugation. Protein sorption varied for senofilcon A, with DTAF‐BSA sorbing primarily to the surface region, while the other conjugates penetrated in equal amounts into the matrix. Balafilcon A exhibited smaller differences between conjugates, with LY‐BSA allowing the protein to fully penetrate the matrix, while the other conjugates showed minor surface adsorption. Sorption curves of unbound dyes were often similar compared to the conjugated results. BSA profiles to pHEMA‐based and silicone hydrogel lenses were highly dependent on the fluorescent probe used and none of the probes accurately reflected quantitative protein levels for the lens materials investigated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Evaluation of human osteoblastic cell response to plasma‐sprayed silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite coatings over titanium substrates
Authors: Gomes Pedro S. , Botelho Cláudia , Lopes Maria A. , Santos José D. , Fernandes Maria H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSilicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite (Si‐HA) coatings have been plasma sprayed over titanium substrates (Ti‐6Al‐4V) aiming to improve the bioactivity of the constructs for bone tissue repair/regeneration. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the coatings has shown that, previous to the thermal deposition, no secondary phases were formed due to the incorporation of 0.8 wt % Si into HA crystal lattice. Partial decomposition of hydroxyapatite, which lead to the formation of the more soluble phases of α‐ and β‐tricalcium phosphate and calcium oxide, and increase of amorphization level only occurred following plasma spraying. Human bone marrow‐derived osteoblastic cells were used to assess the in vitro biocompatibility of the constructs. Cells attached and grew well on the Si‐HA coatings, putting in evidence an increased metabolic activity and alkaline phosphatase expression comparing to control, i.e., titanium substrates plasma sprayed with hydroxyapatite. Further, a trend for increased differentiation was also verified by the upregulation of osteogenesis‐related genes, as well as by the augmented deposition of globular mineral deposits within established cell layers. Based on the present findings, plasma spraying of Si‐HA coatings over titanium substrates demonstrates improved biological properties regarding cell proliferation and differentiation, comparing to HA coatings. This suggests that incorporation of Si into the HA lattice could enhance the biological behavior of the plasma‐sprayed coating. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells: Formidable partners in tumor metastasis
Authors: Yang Li , Edwards Claire M , Mundy Gregory R 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The growth and metastasis of solid tumors not only depends on their ability to escape from immune surveillance but also hinges on their ability to invade the vasculature system as well as to induce the formation of new blood vessels. Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), overproduced in tumor-bearing hosts, contribute significantly to all these aspects. They also have a potential role in the osteolysis associated with bone metastases. They are formidable partners in tumor metastasis. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Culturally adapted cognitive‐behavior therapy: integrating sexual, spiritual, and family identities in an evidence‐based treatment of a depressed Latino adolescent
Authors: Duarté‐Vélez Yovanska , Bernal Guillermo , Bonilla Karen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe article described and illustrated how a culturally adapted cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) can maintain fidelity to a treatment protocol while allowing for considerable flexibility to address a patient's values, preferences, and context. A manual‐based CBT was used with a gay Latino adolescent regarding his sexual identity, family values, and spiritual ideas. The adolescent suffered from a major depression disorder and identified himself as gay and Christian within a conservative and machista Puerto Rican family. CBT promoted personal acceptance and active questioning of homophobic thoughts in a climate of family respect. CBT enabled identity formation and integration, central to the development of a sexual identity for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth, with remission of the patient's depression and better family outcomes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66:895–906, 2010.
Correlation of hepatic vein Doppler waveform and hepatic artery resistance index with the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Mohammadinia Amir Reza , Bakhtavar Khadijeh , Ebrahimi‐Daryani Nasser , Habibollahi Peiman , Keramati Mohammad Reza , Fereshtehnejad Seyed Mohammad , Abdollahzade Sina 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose.The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various degrees of fatty infiltration in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on hepatic artery resistance index and hepatic vein waveform patterns.Methods.After identification and grading of fatty infiltration, 60 patients and 20 normal healthy subjects were examined using color and spectral Doppler sonography. The level of fatty liver infiltration was ascertained and graded by biopsy in patients and excluded by MRI in controls. The patients were allocated to four study groups consecutively, until the required number was reached, according to infiltration level as follows: normal (group A), mild (group B), moderate (group C), and severe (group D). The hepatic vein waveforms were classified into the three following groups: triphasic, biphasic, and monophasic waveform. The hepatic artery resistance index was calculated as the mean of three different measurements.Results.The incidence of monophasic and biphasic hepatic vein waveform was 2 (10%) for group B, 11 (55%) for group C, 16 (80%) for group D, and none for group A. The difference in the distribution of triphasic Doppler waveform pattern between the patients and the control group was significant (p < 0.001). Hepatic artery resistance index was 0.81 (±0.02), 0.78 (±0.03), 0.73 (±0.03), and 0.68 (±0.05), respectively, in groups A, B, C, and D and was significantly different between groups (p < 0.001).Conclusion.As the severity of nonalcoholic fatty infiltration increases, the incidence of abnormal hepatic vein waveforms increases and hepatic artery resistance index decreases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 38:346‐352, 2010
Sonographic measurement of uterus and ovaries in premenarcheal healthy girls between 6 and 13 years old: Correlation with age and pubertal status
Authors: Razzaghy‐Azar Maryam , Ghasemi Fariba , Hallaji Farideh , Ghasemi Abbas , Ghasemi Mehdi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground.To provide normal references of sonographic uterine and ovarian size in premenarcheal healthy girls aged 6–13 years in different stages of puberty.Methods.Two hundred forty girls were enrolled into the study (mean age ± SD, 9.5 ± 1.7 years [range, 6–13.5 years]). Pubertal status was classified according to Tanner staging. All subjects underwent pelvic sonographic examination for the measurement of uterine volume, body and cervical length, anteroposterior diameter of fundus, body, and cervix, ovarian volume, and both right and left prominent follicular diameter.Results.A gradual increase with age was observed in all uterine and ovarian measurements. Both uterine and ovarian parameters were significantly correlated to age, height and weight, and stages of puberty. Uterine volume was <3.5 cm3 in 98% of prepubertal girls, and in stage 2 it was significantly more than in stage 1 (3 ± 3.2 versus 1.7 ± 1.7, respectively) (p < 0.001). Uterine body length was also significantly greater in stage 2 than stage 1 (17.5 ± 4.5 versus 14.6 ± 3.3, respectively) (p < 0.001).Conclusion.The reference values for uterus and ovaries were determined in healthy girls. There is a progressive increase in size of internal female genitalia in relation to age, height, weight, and puberty. Uterine volume and body length presented the best correlation with age and stage of puberty. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 39:64–73, 2011
A locally conformal FDTD analysis of a thin printed antenna for wideband wireless applications
Authors: Cappelletti G. , Caratelli D. , Cicchetti R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA compact wideband planar‐printed antenna for wireless communications is presented. A suitable shape of the antenna arms and a proper tapering of the feeding line are employed to achieve an impedance bandwidth of more than 10 GHz useful to meet the requirements of several wireless communication standards. An enhanced locally conformal finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) numerical procedure, based on a suitable normalization of the electromagnetic field‐related quantities together with a near‐to‐far‐field transformation, is developed to perform the full‐wave analysis of the radiating structure. The proposed numerical procedure allows the accurate evaluation of the electromagnetic field distribution from the FDTD domain up to the far‐field region, achieving a reduced computational burden compared with conventional FDTD formulations. Using the proposed technique, the electromagnetic and circuital behaviour of the antenna is then derived and analyzed in detail. Numerical results concerning the antenna parameters are in good agreement with experimental measurements. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organizational identification: Extending our understanding of social identities through social networks
Authors: Jones Candace , Volpe Elizabeth Hamilton 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAlthough organizational identification is founded on social identity and symbolic interactionist theories, current theories emphasize a social identity whereby organizational members categorize themselves and others based on roles and membership in an organization or work unit. In contrast symbolic interactionism, which resides in interpersonal relationships, is rarely theorized or empirically assessed in studies of organizational identification. We use survey data collected at an academic institution to explore how the strength and structure of an individual's social network both directly influences organizational identification as well as moderates the relation between social identity, or categorical, antecedents and organizational identification. Our results show that the size of an individual's network as well as the interaction between relationship strength and prestige better explain organizational identification than do antecedents based solely on categorization and social comparison processes. Thus networks of relationships, which have been a foundational but much neglected premise and process for organizational identification, are brought back into a theory of organizational identification. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and evaluation of silica hydride‐based fluorinated stationary phases
Authors: Pesek Joseph J. , Matyska Maria T. , Prajapati Kavita V. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo novel silica hydride‐based fluorinated bonded phases have been synthesized using a hydrosilation procedure to test combined fluorine and hydride selectivity. The bonded moieties were characterized by elemental and spectral analysis. Chromatographic testing was done using hydrophilic analytes in the aqueous normal phase mode. At higher amounts of the nonpolar solvent in the mobile phase, there should be increased retention for solutes such as acids, bases and other polar compounds, whereas nonpolar solutes can be retained when water is increased as in RP chromatography. The synergistic effects of the fluorinated phase selectivity and aqueous normal phase retention on a hydride surface have been explored for small polar molecules. The stability and repeatability of the hydride‐based fluorinated stationary phases were evaluated. The use of acetone as the organic component in the mobile phase was also tested.
Adult living donor transplants-which portion of the liver to use?
Authors: Humar Abhi 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Hypothesis:
Few studies have investigated the results of research focused on living donor adult liver transplantation. Different characteristics between right- and left-lobe grafts have not yet been clarified in living-donor adult liver transplantation. Left-lobe grafts remain an important option, even in adult recipients.

Setting:
A single liver transplant center with a long history of hepatic resection.

Patients:
Forty-five donors received left-lobe (n = 39) and right-lobe (n = 6) grafts. The clinicopathologic data for the donor, graft, and recipient were compared. All left-lobe grafts were extended grafts that included the middle hepatic vein, and 24 of the 39 left-lobe grafts included the left caudate lobe. No right-lobe graft included a middle hepatic vein.

Results:
The postoperative aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin values of the donor in the right-lobe graft group were higher, and the postoperative hospital stay was longer than in the left-lobe graft group. Graft weight in the left-lobe graft group was lighter than in the right-lobe graft group (median weight, 450 vs 675 g). The median graft weight divided by the standard liver volume in the left-lobe graft group was 41% (range, 21%-66%), compared with 52% (range, 47%-75%) in the right-lobe graft group. We found no difference in terms of the incidence of postoperative complications between groups. No difference in induced complications of small-for-size grafts such as intractable ascites and persistent hyperbilirubinemia was evident between groups. The survival rate for grafts at 18 months was 75.0% in the right-lobe graft group compared with 85.6% in the left-lobe group. In the right-lobe graft group, we found a few cases in which a marked poor-perfusion area in the anterior segment caused liver dysfunction.

Conclusions:
Left-lobe grafts are a feasible option for living-donor adult liver transplantation, and in the case of right-lobe grafts, hepatic venous drainage is one of the most critical problems.