bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Polyester for the Coating of Blood‐Contacting Artificial Materials
Authors: Seabra Amedea B. , Martins Dorival , Simões Maíra M.S.G. , Da Silva Regiane , Brocchi Marcelo , De Oliveira Marcelo G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria associated with blood‐contacting artificial materials is a growing health problem, which demands new approaches in the field of biomaterials research. In this study, a poly(sulfhydrylated polyester) (PSPE) was synthesized by the polyesterification reaction of mercaptosuccinic acid with 3‐mercapto‐1,2‐propanediol and blended with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) from solution, leading to solid PSPE/PMMA films, with three different PSPE : PMMMA mass ratios. These films were subsequently S‐nitrosated through the immersion in acidified nitrite solution, yielding poly(nitrosated)polyester/PMMA (PNPE/PMMA) films. A polyurethane intravascular catheter coated with PNPE/PMMA was shown to release nitric oxide (NO) in phosphate buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) at 37°C at rates of 4.6 nmol/cm2/h in the first 6 h and 0.8 nmol/cm2/h in the next 12 h. When used to coat the bottom of culture plates, NO released from these films exerted a potent dose‐ and time‐dependent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and a multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. This antibacterial effect of PSPE/PMMA films opens a new perspective for the coating of blood‐contacting artificial materials, for avoiding their colonization with highly resistant bacteria.
Addressing inadequacies in Victoria's trauma system: Responses of the Consultative Committee on Road Traffic Fatalities and Victorian trauma services
Authors: McDermott Francis , Cordner Stephen , Winship Victoria 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectives:  Victoria's new trauma care system has been followed by reductions in preventable and potentially preventable deaths and in deficiencies contributing to death. This improvement has followed triaging more patients to expanded major trauma services where mortality was already lower rather than to improved results within the major trauma services, metropolitan or rural trauma services or ambulance services, Victoria. The objective of the present study was to identify continuing inadequacies within the individual trauma services and in association with representatives of these services to develop appropriate countermeasures.Methods:  Initially, presentations were made to each trauma service of their fatalities evaluated after introduction of the new trauma system. At separate working party meetings with each service consensus recommendations were finalized and these disseminated to stakeholders.Results:  Recommendations related to the need for Trauma Director/Coordinator appointments at all designated hospitals receiving major trauma, improved facilities and equipment, the trauma team, referral, communications, protocols, a prompting system, education, audit and feedback, infrastructure, staffing, documentation and inter‐hospital patient transfer.Conclusion:  Interaction between the Consultative Committee on Road Traffic Fatalities and Victorian trauma services identified continuing deficiencies in the new trauma care system and developed consensus recommendations to target these problems. These require implementation through the State Trauma Committee.
The BTNL2 A allele variant is frequent in Danish patients with sarcoidosis
Authors: Milman Nils , Svendsen Claus Bo , Nielsen Finn Cilius , van Overeem Hansen Thomas 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:  The butyrophilin‐like 2 (BTNL2) gene is located on chromosome 6p21.3 close to the HLA‐class II genes. An association has been reported between sarcoidosis and a single nucleotide polymorphism in BTNL2, rs2076530, also termed the A allele.Objectives:  To evaluate whether patients with sarcoidosis carry the A allele more frequently than healthy subjects.Methods:  The series comprised 87 ethnic Danes with sarcoidosis and 113 healthy control subjects. Analysis of rs2076530 was performed by Taqman assay, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of genomic DNA.Results:  Sarcoidosis patients had a higher frequency of the A allele than controls (73.9% vs 55.8%) (P < 0.025). The frequency of GG, GA and AA genotype was 5.7%, 40.2% and 54.0% in patients vs 16.0%, 56.6% and 27.4% in controls (P < 0.001). The AA genotype was associated with increased risk of sarcoidosis in both a dominant [odds ratio (OR) 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–8.7; P < 0.03] and a recessive model (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.72–5.61; P < 0.001). Population attributable fraction for disease was 50% in a dominant model and 25% in a recessive model.Conclusions:  The BTNL2 A allele variant occurs with a high frequency in Danish patients with sarcoidosis and the AA genotype is associated with a ∼threefold higher risk of sarcoidosis than the GG genotype. Our results should encourage future studies on the interrelationship between the BTNL2 protein and granuloma formation in sarcoidosis.Please cite this paper as: Milman N, Svendsen CB, Nielsen FC and Hansen TvO. The BTNL2 A allele variant is frequent in Danish patients with sarcoidosis. Clin Respir J 2011; 5: 105–111.
Clinical, radiological and pathological study of 88 cases of typical and complicated scleroma
Authors: Fawaz Samia , Tiba Medhat , Salman Manal , Othman Hala 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:  Scleroma is a chronic specific granulomatous disease. It is considered endemic in Central America, Egypt, tropical Africa, India, and Indonesia. The most common complaint is nasal obstruction, other symptoms include; rhinorrhea, epistaxis, dysphagia, stridor, and dysphonia.Aim:  So our objective was to focus on the various clinical and radiological manifestations of scleroma in an endemic area, with some atypical symptoms and signs, and to alert physicians to suspect scleroma or its complications in any case of unexplained nasal lesion.Material and methodology:  Our study included 88 cases who were admitted in our otorhinolaryngology department. They presented with various manifestations of Rhino‐pharyngo‐laryngo scleroma, out of these patients 16 cases showed atypical presentations. Our diagnosis was based on clinical and radiological examination, aided by bacteriological and pathological examination.Results:  Patients with typical rhinoscleroma (72 patients) presented with various nasal and laryngo‐tracheal symptoms. 16 patients (18%) presented complaining of various nasal symptoms and signs, which were not suspected to be rhinoscleroma, so our workup was directed to diagnose those patients, and their final diagnosis was reached to be rhinoscleroma, we sub classified those patients according to their presentation.Conclusion:  Rhinoscleroma can present clinically with atypical features, so in order to avoid misdiagnosis, it is important to keep in mind these atypical manifestations.Please cite this paper as: Fawaz S, Tiba M, Salman M, and Othman H. Clinical, radiological and pathological study of 88 cases of typical and complicated scleroma. Clin Respir J 2011; 5: 112–121.
The patient with recurrent oral ulceration
Authors: Talacko AA , Gordon AK , Aldred MJ 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses the range of recurrent oral ulceration which affects the oral mucosa. Types of ulceration covered in this paper include traumatic, infective, aphthous, ulceration related to the oral dermatoses, drug‐induced, ulceration as a manifestation of systemic disease and ulceration indicating malignancy. Aspects of the aetiology, diagnosis and management of common oral recurrent ulcerative conditions are reviewed from a clinical perspective as an aid to practising dentists.
Oral mucosal diseases: the inflammatory dermatoses
Authors: Schifter M , Yeoh S‐C , Coleman H , Georgiou A 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe oral inflammatory dermatoses is a term used to describe a number of predominantly immune‐mediated disorders: lichen planus (LP), erythema multiforme (EM), the vesiculobullous diseases pemphigoid (MMP), pemphigus (PV) and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA). These conditions are characterized by frequent involvement of the oral mucosa and often associated with extraoral manifestations, particularly of the skin, but can involve the eyes, both the conjunctiva and sclera, the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa, as well as the genitals. Given their frequent, and sometimes initial involvement of the oral mucosa, oral health professionals need to be both familiar with the clinical features and presentations of these conditions, and appreciate their critical role in management.This paper reviews the clinical features and presentation of the oral dermatoses, provides guidance as to the appropriate investigations needed to differentiate and correctly diagnose these conditions, details the aetio‐pathology of these diseases and discusses their management.
Sjögren’s syndrome: a review of aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management
Authors: Bayetto K , Logan RM 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects many individuals within the community. Despite this, its exact aetiology and pathogenesis is still unclear. Sjögren’s syndrome affects many organ systems in the body. However, for dental practitioners it is important to recognize the many oral and dental manifestations that are associated with the syndrome. In addition to these oral manifestations, this review will discuss the systemic manifestations of Sjögren’s syndrome as well as the current understanding of factors that have a role in its aetiology and pathogenesis. Furthermore, this review will highlight the difficulties and complexities that are inherent in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome and the important role that dental practitioners can play in the management of its oral manifestations. The effective management of oral manifestations and minimization of oral disease in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome can result in improved quality of life for these patients.
Oral mucosal malignancy and potentially malignant lesions: an update on the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management
Authors: McCullough MJ , Prasad G , Farah CS 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAn oral examination for the assessment for malignant and potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions is routine in general dental practice. It may be uncommon for general dental practitioners to encounter oral cancer, with anecdotal reports suggesting that this occurs about once every 10 years in a busy general dental practice. However, potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions are relatively common, occurring in about 2.5% of the population. This update highlights the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of these oral mucosal lesions.
Clinical assessment and management of the oral environment in the oncology patient
Authors: Walsh LJ 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe dental care of oncology patients is an important component of general dental practice. Oncology patients have additional requirements for their outpatient care in the dental office. Intense involvement of the general dental practitioner in the patient’s overall plan of care is essential so that appropriate preventive and therapeutic strategies are followed prior to chemotherapy, radiation and other medical treatments. This paper provides an overview of the role of the dental practitioner in the pre‐treatment workup and post‐treatment maintenance of oncology patients, and discusses the complications which occur during the intensive and in‐hospital phases of care, in the context of approaches that show promise for reducing or preventing these. The role of the general dental practitioner in the maintenance of oral health for the remainder of the patient’s life is stressed, with evidence‐based recommendations given for optimal use of home care products which support oral health and improve quality‐of‐life.
Actinic cheilitis in dental practice
Authors: Savage NW , McKay C , Faulkner C 
Published: May 2010

AbstractActinic cheilitis is a potentially premalignant condition involving predominantly the vermilion of the lower lip. The aim of the current paper was to review the clinical presentation of actinic cheilitis and demonstrate the development of management plans using a series of cases. These are designed to provide immediate treatment where required but also to address the medium and long‐term requirements of the patient. The authors suggest that the clinical examination of lips and the assessment of actinic cheilitis and other lip pathology become a regular part of the routine soft tissue examination undertaken as a part of the periodic examination of dental patients. Early recognition of actinic cheilitis can allow the development of strategies for individual patients that prevent progression. These are based on past sun exposure, future lifestyle changes and the daily use of emollient sunscreens, broad‐brimmed hats and avoidance of sun exposure during the middle of the day. This is a service that is not undertaken as a matter of routine in general medical practice as patients are not seen with the regularity of dental patients and generally not under the ideal examination conditions available in the dental surgery.
The mouth in HIV/AIDS: markers of disease status and management challenges for the dental profession
Authors: Johnson NW 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThere are over 30 million people in the world with HIV infection and, whilst the rate of new infections is slowing, this number continues to grow. Although in Australia the overall prevalence of HIV infection in adults aged 15–49 is officially estimated at only 0.2%, representing less than 20 000 people living with HIV and AIDS, our geographical area contains populations with prevalences exceeding 10 times this. Oral health professionals must therefore practise safe, standard infection control at all times and be aware of the oral manifestations of HIV disease. These are predominantly opportunistic infections with fungi such asCandida albicansor with viruses of the herpes family, particularly herpes simplex, herpes zoster and Epstein‐Barr virus infections. Warts or papillomas may arise due to human papilloma viruses – even in individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy. Rare types of fungal infection can occur, and severe bacterial infections, notably tuberculosis, are an ever‐present risk. Susceptibility to periodontal breakdown is somewhat enhanced by the effects of HIV disease itself, and caries activity may increase because the patient neglects attention to diet and oral hygiene. Restorative and periodontal care need, therefore, to be maintained at a high level. Oral opportunistic infections cause much distress and the diagnosis and management of these is the responsibility of our profession.
Non‐carious cervical lesions: a scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: Michael JA , Kaidonis JA , Townsend GC 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:  Examining non‐carious cervical lesions using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides an opportunity to clarify their complex aetiology. This study aimed to examine the morphological forms of non‐carious cervical lesions found within a sample of extracted human permanent anterior teeth using scanning electron microscopy.Methods:  Five examples of non‐carious cervical lesions from each of eight different morphologic categories were replicated and examined using scanning electron microscopy.Results:  In total, 40 non‐carious cervical lesions were examined at magnifications ranging from 10× to 2605× magnification. Qualitative ultrastructural features evident in the lesions were described and classified according to their appearance. A total of 13 different qualitative features were observed throughout the sample of NCCLs.Conclusions:  SEM highlighted a broad range of microscopic features of NCCLs, providing valuable insights into their complex, multifactorial aetiology.
The all‐ceramic, inlay supported fixed partial denture. Part 1. Ceramic inlay preparation design: a literature review
Authors: Thompson MC , Thompson KM , Swain M 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe effect of cavity design is a controversial and underrated factor in the clinical success of ceramic inlays and inlay supported prosthesis. Many articles and studies have been conducted into the advantages and disadvantages of isolated aspects of preparation design, but lacking is a review of the most relevant papers which bring together a consensus on all the critical features. Hence, a review and analysis of cavity depth, width, preparation taper and internal line angles is warranted in our attempts to formulate preparation guidelines that will lead to clinically successful, all‐ceramic inlay restorations and ceramic inlay supported prosthesis.
One‐year clinical evaluation of a two‐step self‐etch adhesive with and without additional enamel etching technique in cervical lesions
Authors: Ozel E , Say EC , Yurdaguven H , Soyman M 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:  The aim of this study was to determine the clinical performance of a two‐step self‐etch adhesive with and without additional enamel etching technique to advanced non‐carious cervical sclerotic lesions.Methods:  Twenty‐two patients (mean age = 51.5) having at least two pairs of non‐carious cervical erosion/attrition/abfraction lesions with incisal or occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentine/cementum were included in the study. The two‐step self‐etch adhesive (AdheSE; Ivoclar‐Vivadent) was either applied following the self‐etch approach on both enamel and dentine (AdheSE non‐etch), or a similar application including additional acid‐etching of the enamel cavity margins with 37% phosphoric acid (AdheSE etch). Resin composite Point 4 was used for all 104 restorations. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at one year according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Data were analysed by using McNemar’s test (p <0.05).Results:  There were no significant differences in the marginal adaptation both at the cervical and enamel margins between AdheSE non‐etch and AdheSE etch groups (p >0.05). At one year, marginal discolouration was evident in the AdheSE non‐etch group but it was not statistically significant from the AdheSE etch group (p = 0.12). Postoperative sensitivity was 5% at baseline and reduced to 2% at one year.Conclusions:  At one year, the two‐step self‐etch adhesive with and without additional enamel etching technique showed excellent clinical results to advanced non‐carious cervical sclerotic lesions.
Preventive effect of iron gel with or without fluoride on bovine enamel erosion in vitro
Authors: Bueno MG , Marsicano JA , Sales‐Peres SHC 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect in vitro of experimental gel containing iron and/or fluoride on the erosion of bovine enamel.Methods:  To standardize the blocks (n = 80), specimens (4 × 4 mm) were previously selected to measure the initial microhardness. The blocks were randomly allocated into four groups of 20 samples each: C (control, placebo gel); F (fluoride gel, 1.23% NaF); Fe (iron gel, 10 mmol/L FeSO4) and F + Fe (fluoride + iron gel). The gels were applied and removed after 1 minute. The blocks were then submitted to six alternating remineralization and demineralization cycles. The beverage Coca‐Cola® (10 minutes, 30 mL) was used for demineralization, and artificial saliva (1 hour) for remineralization. The effect of erosion was measured by wear analysis (profilometry). Data were analysed by ANOVA and the Tukey test for individual comparisons (p <0.05).Results:  The mean wear (± SD, μm) was C: 0.94 ± 0.22; F: 0.55 ± 0.12; Fe: 0.49 ± 0.11 and F + Fe: 0.55 ± 0.13. When the experimental gels were used, there was statistically significant reduction in enamel wear in comparison with the control (p <0.001). However, the experimental gels did not differ significantly among them.Conclusions:  The gels containing iron with or without fluoride are capable of interfering with the dissolution dental enamel in the presence of erosive challenge.
Laser explantation of a failing endosseous dental implant
Authors: Smith LP , Rose T 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExplantation of failed dental implants has traditionally been performed by mechanical bone removal techniques. The advent of intraoral laser surgery has seen increasing numbers of applications in oral implantology. The technique demonstrates safe and efficient explantation of a failed dental implant using Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Laser assisted explantation of dental implants is a minimally invasive technique providing an alternative to conventional mechanical explantation techniques.
Asthma and oral health: a review
Authors: Thomas MS , Parolia A , Kundabala M , Vikram M 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAsthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes the airways to constrict and produce excess mucus, making breathing difficult. It is characterized by the obstruction of airflow which is variable over a short period of time. This condition is reversible, either spontaneously or can be controlled with the help of drugs. Asthma medication comprises bronchodilators, corticosteroids and anticholinergic drugs. Most of these drugs are inhaled using various forms of inhalers or nebulizers. The effect of these drugs on oral health is the subject of debate among dental practitioners. Patients taking asthma medication may be at risk of dental caries, dental erosion, periodontal diseases and oral candidiasis. Hence, patients with bronchial asthma on medication should receive special prophylactic attention. This article reviews the correlation between asthma and oral health, and suggests various measures to counter possible oral health problems related to asthma.
Automated morphological analysis of cells in body fluids by the digital microscopy system DM96
Authors: Riedl Jurgen A , Dinkelaar Rob B , van Gelder Warry 
Published: May 2010

BackgroundDifferential counting and morphological analysis of nucleated cells in body fluids (eg, cerebrospinal fluid and pleural fluid) are of great diagnostic importance to the clinician. A recent development in this field was the introduction of an application for an automated microscopy system, the DM96 Body Fluid module, enabling the automated analysis of body fluid samples. This computerised system provides an automated morphological analysis of body fluids, including an automated classification of all nucleated cells.AimsTo investigate the ability of the digital microscopy system, DM96, to automatically classify cells in different types of body fluids.MethodsA total of 177 body fluids (including cerebrospinal fluid, abdominal fluid and continuous ambulant peritoneal dialysis fluid) were analysed on the DM96, and results were compared with the manual microscopy method.ResultsA study in 177 samples demonstrates an overall preclassification accuracy of 90% in spinal fluid and 83% in other body fluids using the automated system. Correlation coefficients for postclassification as compared with manual review range from 0.92 to 0.99 for spinal fluid sample analyses and from 0.83 to 0.98 for other body fluids. The within-run variation of automated classification is less than 6% for all cell categories (4% excluding macrophages).ConclusionThe DM96 has proven to be reliable and efficient, contributing to overall quality improvement in morphological analysis and automated cell classification of peripheral blood and other body-fluid samples.