bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Arterial Grafts Improve Late Survival of Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Locker Chaim , Schaff Hartzell V. , Dearani Joseph A. , Joyce Lyle D. , Park Soon J. , Burkhart Harold M. , Suri Rakesh M. , Greason Kevin L. , Stulak John M. , Li Zhuo , Daly Richard C. 
Published: July 2012

Background—
Use of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) in multivessel coronary artery disease improves survival after coronary artery bypass graft surgery; however, the survival benefit of multiple arterial (MultArt) grafts is debated.

Methods and Results—

We reviewed 8622 Mayo Clinic patients who had isolated primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery for multivessel coronary artery disease from 1993 to 2009. Patients were stratified by number of arterial grafts into the LIMA plus saphenous veins (LIMA/SV) group (n=7435) or the MultArt group (n=1187). Propensity score analysis matched 1153 patients. Operative mortality was 0.8% (n=10) in the MultArt and 2.1% (n=154) in the LIMA/SV (
P
=0.005) group, which was not statistically different (
P
=0.996) in multivariate analysis or the propensity-matched analysis (
P
=0.818). Late survival was greater for MultArt versus LIMA/SV (10- and 15-year survival rates were 84% and 71% versus 61% and 36%, respectively [
P
<0.001], in unmatched groups and 83% and 70% versus 80% and 60%, respectively [
P
=0.0025], in matched groups). MultArt subgroups with bilateral internal mammary artery/SV (n=589) and bilateral internal mammary artery only (n=271) had improved 15-year survival (86% and 76%; 82% and 75% at 10 and 15 years [
P
<0.001]), and patients with bilateral internal mammary artery/radial artery (n=147) and LIMA/radial artery (n=169) had greater 10-year survival (84% and 78%;
P
<0.001) versus LIMA/SV. In multivariate analysis, MultArt grafts remained a strong independent predictor of survival (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–0.94;
P
=0.007).

Conclusions—
In patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery with LIMA to left anterior descending artery, arterial grafting of the non–left anterior descending vessels conferred a survival advantage at 15 years compared with SV grafting. It is still unproven whether these results apply to higher-risk subgroups of patients.
Determinants of pain and functioning in hip osteoarthritis – a two-year prospective study
Authors: Juhakoski Riikka , Malmivaara Antti , Lakka Timo A , Tenhonen Seppo , Hannila Marja-Leena , Arokoski Jari PA 
Published: July 2012

Objective: To identify predictors of pain and disability in hip osteoarthritis. Design: A prospective analysis of determinants of pain and functioning in hip osteoarthritis. Study setting: Rehabilitation clinic in a central hospital. Patients: A total of 118 men and women aged 55–80 years who had radiologically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis and associated clinical symptoms and participated in a randomized controlled trial. Main measures: The self-reported disease-specific pain and physical function were assessed using the pain and functioning subscales of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis index. The self-reported generic physical and mental functioning were assessed by using the Finnish-validated SF-36-item Health Survey RAND-36 subscales for function and physical and mental component summary scores. Outcome measures were recorded at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results: Multivariate linear mixed model analyses revealed that lower disease-specific pain score and better functioning (WOMAC) were predicted by higher educational level (9.61 (3.15 to 16.07); 9.07 (2.05 to 16.09)), supervised exercise training (−10.13 (−17.87 to −2.39); −11.58 (−19.40 to −3.77)), habitual conditioning physical activity (−0.48 (−0.96 to −0.01); −0.39 (−0.84 to 0.05)), absence of comorbidities (−6.30 (−12.35 to −0.24); −7.87 (−14.45 to −1.30)) and absence of additional knee osteoarthritis (−7.62 (−13.87 to −1.36); −8.02 (−14.81 to −1.23)), respectively. The same factors, except for the comorbidities, also predicted general physical functioning score (RAND-36). Conclusions: Higher education, absence of knee osteoarthritis and comorbidities, supervised exercise training and habitual conditioning physical activity predicted a lower presence of pain and better functional status in patients with hip osteoarthritis.
Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes Following Primary Vascular Surgery
Authors: Høgh Annette , Lindholt Jes S. , Nielsen Henrik , Jensen Leif P. , Johnsen Søren P. 
Published: July 2012

Objective: To examine the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use and clinical outcome after primary vascular reconstruction in a population-based follow-up study. Methods: All Danish patients undergoing primary vascular surgical reconstruction between 1996 and 2007 were included. For each ACE user up to 5 nonuser was identified using propensity score matching followed by Cox regression. All drugs were included as time-dependent variables. Results: Totally 17 495 matched patients with a median follow-up period of 582 days were included. All-cause mortality was 20.4% for ACE users and 24.9% for nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio [adj HR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81-0.96). The cumulative risk of myocardial infarction was 6.2% for ACE users and 4.7% for nonusers (adj HR 1.20, 95%CI 1.03-1.39). Cumulative risk of new vascular surgery was 24.0% for ACE users and 23.1% for nonusers (adj HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.13-1.30). No differences were seen concerning stroke and major amputation. Conclusion: The ACE use was associated with lower all-cause mortality but also an increased long-term risk of recurrent vascular reconstruction.
MKL1 and MKL2 play redundant and crucial roles in megakaryocyte maturation and platelet formation
Authors: Smith Elenoe C. , Thon Jonathan N. , Devine Matthew T. , Lin Sharon , Schulz Vincent P. , Guo Yanwen , Massaro Stephanie A. , Halene Stephanie , Gallagher Patrick , Italiano Joseph E. , Krause Diane S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSerum response factor and its transcriptional cofactor MKL1 are critical for megakaryocyte maturation and platelet formation. We show that MKL2, a homologue of MKL1, is expressed in megakaryocytes and plays a role in megakaryocyte maturation. Using a megakaryocyte-specific Mkl2 knockout (KO) mouse on the conventional Mkl1 KO background to produce double KO (DKO) megakaryocytes and platelets, a critical role for MKL2 is revealed. The decrease in megakaryocyte ploidy and platelet counts of DKO mice is more severe than in Mkl1 KO mice. Platelet dysfunction in DKO mice is revealed by prolonged bleeding times and ineffective platelet activation in vitro in response to adenosine 5′-diphosphate. Electron microscopy and immunofluorescence of DKO megakaryocytes and platelets indicate abnormal cytoskeletal and membrane organization with decreased granule complexity. Surprisingly, the DKO mice have a more extreme thrombocytopenia than mice lacking serum response factor (SRF) expression in the megakaryocyte compartment. Comparison of gene expression reveals approximately 4400 genes whose expression is differentially affected in DKO compared with megakaryocytes deficient in SRF, strongly suggesting that MKL1 and MKL2 have both SRF-dependent and SRF-independent activity in megakaryocytopoiesis.
Chronic lead exposure reduces doublecortin-expressing immature neurons in young adult guinea pig cerebral cortex
Authors: Huang JuFang , Huang Kai , Shang Lei , Wang Hui , Zhang Mengqi , Fan Chun-Ling , Chen Dan , Yan Xiaoxin , Xiong Kun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundChronic lead (Pb) poisoning remains an environmental risk especially for the pediatric population, and it may affect brain development. Immature neurons expressing doublecortin (DCX+) exist around cortical layer II in various mammals, including adult guinea pigs and humans. Using young adult guinea pigs as an experimental model, the present study explored if chronic Pb exposure affects cortical DCX + immature neurons and those around the subventricular and subgranular zones (SVZ, SGZ).ResultsTwo month-old guinea pigs were treated with 0.2% lead acetate in drinking water for 2, 4 and 6 months. Blood Pb levels in these animals reached 10.27 ± 0.62, 16.25 ± 0.78 and 19.03 ± 0.86 μg/dL at the above time points, respectively, relative to ~3 μg/dL in vehicle controls. The density of DCX + neurons was significantly reduced around cortical layer II, SVZ and SGZ in Pb-treated animals surviving 4 and 6 months relative to controls. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse-chasing studies failed to find cellular colocalization of this DNA synthesis indicator in DCX + cells around layer II in Pb-treated and control animals. These cortical immature neurons were not found to coexist with active caspase-3 or Fluoro-Jade C labeling.ConclusionChronic Pb exposure can lead to significant reduction in the number of the immature neurons around cortical layer II and in the conventional neurogenic sites in young adult guinea pigs. No direct evidence could be identified to link the reduced cortical DCX expression with alteration in local neurogenesis or neuronal death.
Quality indicators for colorectal cancer surgery and care according to patient-, tumor-, and hospital-related factors
Authors: Mathoulin-Pélissier Simone , Bécouarn Yves , Belleannée Geneviève , Pinon Elodie , Jaffré Anne , Coureau Gaëlle , Auby Dominique , Renaud-Salis Jean-Louis , Rullier Eric ,   for the Regional Aquitaine Group for Colorectal cancer (GRACCOR)
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) care has improved considerably, particularly since the implementation of a quality of care program centered on national evidence-based guidelines. Formal quality assessment is however still needed. The aim of this research was to identify factors associated with practice variation in CRC patient care.

Methods
CRC patients identified from all cancer centers in South-West France were included. We investigated variations in practices (from diagnosis to surgery), and compliance with recommended guidelines for colon and rectal cancer. We identified factors associated with three colon cancer practice variations potentially linked to better survival: examination of ≥12 lymph nodes (LN), non-use and use of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II and stage III patients, respectively.

Results
We included 1,206 patients, 825 (68%) with colon and 381 (32%) with rectal cancer, from 53 hospitals. Compliance was high for resection, pathology report, LN examination, and chemotherapy use for stage III patients. In colon cancer, 26% of stage II patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 71% of stage III patients. 84% of stage US T3T4 rectal cancer patients received pre-operative radiotherapy. In colon cancer, factors associated with examination of ≥12 LNs were: lower ECOG score, advanced stage and larger hospital volume; factors negatively associated were: left sided tumor location and one hospital district. Use of chemotherapy in stage II patients was associated with younger age, advanced stage, emergency setting and care structure (private and location); whereas under-use in stage III patients was associated with advanced age, presence of comorbidities and private hospitals.

Conclusions
Although some changes in practices may have occurred since this observational study, these findings represent the most recent report on practices in CRC in this region, and offer a useful methodological approach for assessing quality of care. Guideline compliance was high, although some organizational factors such as hospital size or location influence practice variation. These factors should be the focus of any future guideline implementation.
Existence and dimension of the set of mild solutions to semilinear fractional differential inclusions
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P , Ahmad Bashir , Alsaedi Ahmad , Shahzad Naseer 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
This article studies the existence and dimension of the set for mild solutions of semilinear fractional differential inclusions. We recall and prove some new results on multivalued maps to establish our main results.

MSC 2010: 34A12; 34A40.
Crystal structure of the conserved domain of the DC lysosomal associated membrane protein: implications for the lysosomal glycocalyx
Authors: Wilke Sonja , Krausze Joern , Büssow Konrad 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
The family of lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMP) comprises the multifunctional, ubiquitous LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, and the cell type-specific proteins DC-LAMP (LAMP-3), BAD-LAMP (UNC-46, C20orf103) and macrosialin (CD68). LAMPs have been implicated in a multitude of cellular processes, including phagocytosis, autophagy, lipid transport and aging. LAMP-2 isoform A acts as a receptor in chaperone-mediated autophagy. LAMP-2 deficiency causes the fatal Danon disease. The abundant proteins LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 are major constituents of the glycoconjugate coat present on the inside of the lysosomal membrane, the 'lysosomal glycocalyx'. The LAMP family is characterized by a conserved domain of 150 to 200 amino acids with two disulfide bonds.

Results
The crystal structure of the conserved domain of human DC-LAMP was solved. It is the first high-resolution structure of a heavily glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein. The structure represents a novel β-prism fold formed by two β-sheets bent by β-bulges and connected by a disulfide bond. Flexible loops and a hydrophobic pocket represent possible sites of molecular interaction. Computational models of the glycosylated luminal regions of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 indicate that the proteins adopt a compact conformation in close proximity to the lysosomal membrane. The models correspond to the thickness of the lysosomal glycoprotein coat of only 5 to 12 nm, according to electron microscopy.

Conclusion
The conserved luminal domain of lysosome-associated membrane proteins forms a previously unknown β-prism fold. Insights into the structure of the lysosomal glycoprotein coat were obtained by computational models of the LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 luminal regions.
Evaluation of single cell oil (SCO) from a tropical marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 as a potential feedstock for biodiesel
Authors: Katre Gouri , Joshi Chirantan , Khot Mahesh , Zinjarde Smita , RaviKumar Ameeta 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Single cell oils (SCOs) accumulated by oleaginous yeasts have emerged as potential alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production. As lipid accumulation is species and substrate specific, selection of an appropriate strain is critical. Five strains of Y. lipolytica, a known model oleaginous yeast, were investigated to explore their potential for biodiesel production when grown on glucose and inexpensive wastes. All the strains were found to accumulate > 20% (w/w) of their dry cell mass as lipids with neutral lipid as the major fraction when grown on glucose and on wastes such as waste cooking oil (WCO), waste motor oil (WMO). However, amongst them, Y. lipolytica NCIM 3589, a tropical marine yeast, exhibited a maximal lipid/biomass coefficient, YL/X on 30 g L-1 glucose (0.29 g g-1) and on 100 g L-1 WCO (0.43 g g-1) with a high content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids similar to conventional vegetable oils used for biodiesel production. The experimentally determined and predicted biodiesel properties of strain 3589 when grown on glucose and WCO, such as density (0.81 and 1.04 g cm-3), viscosity (4.44 and 3.6 mm2 s-1), SN (190.81 and 256), IV (65.7 and 37.8) and CN (56.6 and 50.8) are reported for the first time for Y. lipolytica and correlate well with specified standards. Thus, the SCO of oleaginous tropical marine yeast Y. lipolytica NCIM 3589 could be used as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production.
Targeting the PELP1-KDM1 axis as a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer
Authors: Cortez Valerie , Mann Monica , Tekmal Seshidhar , Suzuki Takayoshi , Miyata Naoki , Rodriguez-Aguayo Cristian , Lopez-Berestein Gabriel , Sood Anil K , Vadlamudi Ratna K 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Introduction
The estrogen receptor (ER) co-regulator proline glutamic acid and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1) is a proto-oncogene that modulates epigenetic changes on ER target gene promoters via interactions with lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (KDM1). In this study, we assessed the therapeutic potential of targeting the PELP1-KDM1 axis in vivo using liposomal (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DOPC) siRNA to downregulate PELP1 expression and KDM1 inhibitors, pargyline and N-((1S)-3-(3-(trans-2-aminocyclopropyl)phenoxy)-1-(benzylcarbamoyl)propyl)benzamide using preclinical models.

Methods
Preclinical xenograft models were used to test the efficacy of drugs in vivo. Ki-67 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling immunohistochemical analysis of epigenetic markers was performed on tumor tissues. The in vitro effect of PELP1-KDM axis blockers was tested using proliferation, reporter gene, chromatin immunoprecipitation and real-time RT-PCR assays. The efficacy of the KDM1 targeting drugs alone or in combination with letrozole and tamoxifen was tested using therapy-resistant model cells.

Results
Treatment of ER-positive xenograft-based breast tumors with PELP1-siRNA-DOPC or pargyline reduced tumor volume by 58.6% and 62%, respectively. In a postmenopausal model, in which tumor growth is stimulated solely by local estrogen synthesis, daily pargyline treatment reduced tumor volume by 78%. Immunohistochemical analysis of excised tumors revealed a combined decrease in cellular proliferation, induction of apoptosis and upregulation of inhibitory epigenetic modifications. Pharmacological inhibition of KDM1 in vitro increased inhibitory histone mark dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and decreased histone activation mark acetylation of H3K9 (H3K9Ac) on ER target gene promoters. Combining KDM1 targeting drugs with current endocrine therapies substantially impeded growth and restored sensitivity of therapy-resistant breast cancer cells to treatment.

Conclusion
Our results suggest inhibition of PELP1-KDM1-mediated histone modifications as a potential therapeutic strategy for blocking breast cancer progression and therapy resistance.
Diminished responsiveness to human β-defensin-3 and decreased TLR1 expression on monocytes and mDCs from HIV-1-infected patients
Authors: Funderburg Nicholas T , Sieg Scott F 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells from HIV-infected persons have impaired responses to hBD-3 stimulation, and reduced expression of TLR1, increasing susceptibility to mucosal infections.
hBD-3 is an antimicrobial peptide that may contribute to adaptive immune responses by activating professional APCs via a TLR1/2-dependent mechanism. Patients with HIV disease experience increased susceptibility to mucosal infections, which may, in part, stem from diminished APC function. Our current studies demonstrate a reduced capacity of hBD-3 to induce the expression of a costimulatory molecule, CD80, on monocytes and mDCs from HIV-infected persons compared with cells from healthy controls. Although the expression of TLR1 and TLR2 on monocytes was not a strong predictor of hBD-3 responsiveness in bivariate analyses, monocytes and mDCs from HIV-infected persons expressed significantly lower levels of TLR1. Monocyte expression of the activation marker CD69, in cells from HIV-infected persons with therapeutically controlled viremia, was correlated directly with TLR2 and TLR4 expression but not with TLR1 expression. Overall, these studies suggest that immune activation may affect TLR2 and TLR4 expression but may not fully account for reduced TLR1 expression in monocytes from HIV-infected persons. Impairments in hBD-3 responsiveness and TLR1 expression are likely to contribute to increased risk of mucosal infection in HIV disease.
3D Laser Scanning for Site Monitoring and Conservation in Lalibela World Heritage Site, Ethiopia
Authors: Rüther H. , Palumbo G. 
Published: July 2012

World Monuments Fund and UNESCO are collaborating in a project for the conservation and management of the living heritage site of Lalibela, in the Lasta mountains in Ethiopia. The site is still in use today and it is characterized by a series of deep trenches where churches have been carved out from the bedrock in the XII-XIII centuries. One of the first steps in the conservation initiative was the complete re-examination of the graphic documentation available. The pioneering work of architect Sandro Angelini in providing a complete map of the entire site served as a basis for a new complete survey of the site using laser scanners, photogrammetry, GPS and conventional survey methods. This approach was selected for the possibility to recreate 3D digital models of each structure and feature, to provide the conservators with baseline information for subsequent detailed assessments of the state of conservation of these elements, and, eventually, to use the digital data for education and presentation purposes. The paper describes the challenges met in the execution of one of the largest laser scanning project ever conducted in a cultural heritage site.
Contraceptive Features Preferred by Women At High Risk of Unintended Pregnancy
Authors: Lessard Lauren N. , Karasek Deborah , Ma Sandi , Darney Philip , Deardorff Julianna , Lahiff Maureen , Grossman Dan , Foster Diana Greene 
Published: July 2012

CONTEXTAvailable contraceptives are not meeting many women's needs, as is evident by high levels of typical‐use failure, method switching and discontinuation. To improve women's satisfaction with contraceptive methods, determining what features they prefer and how these preferences are satisfied by available methods and methods under development is crucial.METHODSThe importance of 18 contraceptive method features was rated by 574 women seeking abortions—a group at high risk of having unprotected intercourse and unintended pregnancies—at six clinics across the United States in 2010. For each available and potential method, the number of features present was assessed, and the percentage of these that were “extremely important” to women was calculated.RESULTSThe three contraceptive features deemed extremely important by the largest proportions of women were effectiveness (84%), lack of side effects (78%) and affordability (76%). For 91% of women, no method had all of the features they thought were extremely important. The ring and the sponge had the highest percentage of features that women deemed extremely important (67% each). Some streamlined modes of access and new contraceptive technologies have the potential to satisfy women's preferences. For example, an over‐the‐counter pill would have 71% of extremely important features, and an over‐the‐counter pericoital pill, 68%; currently available prescription pills have 60%.CONCLUSIONThe contraceptive features women want are largely absent from currently available methods. Developing and promoting methods that are more aligned with women's preferences presumably could help increase satisfaction and thereby encourage consistent and effective use.
Moment-curvature relationships for prestressed concrete in constant-moment zones
Authors: Priestley M. J. N. , Park R. , Lu F. P. S. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis The paper deals with a theoretical formulation of moment-curvature curves for prestressed concrete members subjected to constant bending moment. The theory takes into consideration the variation of curvature between cracks caused by concrete tension and makes possible the prediction of both the curvature at a crack and the average curvature along the length of the member. A report is included of tests on seven single-span pre-tensianed beams which show that the theory accurately predicts the moment-curvature relationship.