bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional liquid layer enabled superior-performance of air purification filter
Authors: Yu Jihong , Wang Qifei , Sheng Yuheng , Song Xiaowei , Shang Chao , Li Xiao , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The particulate air contaminations, including particulate matters (PMs) and dangerous bioaerosols, cause adverse impact on public and thereby has prompted the development of air filtration systems. Although numerous membrane-based air filters can achieve promising filtration effects, they still suffer from decreased efficiency and short service life due to their instable surface attractive sites (e.g., electrostatic charges) and surface fouling/clogging problems. Here we show a functional liquid-mediated filtration system (LMS) constructed over fibrous matrix to overcome the conventional limitations, achieving an overall optimal filtration performance. The functional liquid layer with high surface tension and adequate liquid viscosity (e.g., glycerol) can strongly attract and adhere the contaminated particles at the interface, and ultimately retain them inside the liquid layer. Significantly, owing to the high stability of the liquid cladding over fiber matrix, the LMS displays an overall long-lasting efficiency and robustness (filtration efficiency reaching over 99% for 3 months usage without resistance increase) and its dust-holding capacity can achieve 100 g·m2 with no change on pressure drop, outperforming most of the commercial facepiece filters. Moreover, the LMS builds a defense line to the spread of respiratory diseases by efficiently filtering tiny-sized dangerous bioaerosols, such as fatal viruses and bacteria, realizing the virus (SARS-CoV-2, BetaCoV) concentration degradation for 3 orders of magnitude. The system is also resistant to the common fouling and clogging issues as the liquid filtering layer can be adjusted and regenerated to maintain its prominent functions. This work paves the way for solving the present air filtration challenges within the membrane-based filtration systems and contributes to the improvement of air purification technologies for environment and healthcare.
Photocatalytic degradation of Methyl Red and Methyl Blue dyes with doped-titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the presence of peroxymonosulfate oxidant
Authors: Ullah Ihsan , Tariq Muhammad , Abdullah Ahmad Zuhairi , Muhammad Mamriz , Khan Jahangeer , Raheem Abdur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, nickel and cobalt nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through the simple reduction of nickel and cobalt salts using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. These nanoparticles were then loaded onto the surface of supportive TiO2 particles to prepare and assess single and double metal-doped TiO2 photocatalysts, such as Co@TiO2, Ni@TiO2, and Ni-Co@TiO2, using a simple reduction method. These photocatalysts were utilized for the first time for the removal of MR and MB dyes from aqueous systems. The doping of cobalt and nickel transition metals was employed to decrease the band gap of the titanium dioxide catalyst. The prepared particles underwent analysis via SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and EDX. Several important factors, such as the initial solution pH, the concentration of MR and MB dyes, temperature, and catalyst dosage were investigated. The results revealed that Ni-Co@TiO2 NPs exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency toward MR (approximately 98.5%) and MB (approximately 88.9%) compared to Co@TiO2 and Ni@TiO2 under optimal conditions (i.e., initial solution pH ~ 3, [MR] = 2, [MB] = 1, [PMS] = 1 mM, catalyst dosage ~ 0.2 g/L, and temperature ~ 298 K). The XRD peak at a 38° 2q angle indicates the presence of cobalt, which increases with the concentration of cobalt. Moreover, all reactions occurred in an aqueous medium, and the photocatalysts remained stable during the reaction, allowing for their repeated use. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly and have promising applications in the treatment of organic wastewater.
Novel Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Hspa8 for Ischemic Brain Injury
Authors: Wu Xiaokun , Wu Zongkai , Yan Han , Zu Zhe , Wang Hebo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study extensively investigated immune-inflammatory responses following ischemic brain injury using cutting-edge technologies. By analyzing the changes in T cells, neutrophils, and monocytes in patients' blood and identifying key immune cells in necrotic brain zones, the study uncovered crucial insights into the dynamics of immune cells during brain injury. Moreover, targeting the Hspa8 gene effectively reduced neutrophil infiltration and ROS production, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for alleviating ischemic brain injury. Overall, the study not only provided new theoretical perspectives but also proposed a potential strategy for managing functional decline in ischemic brain injury.
Advanced Design Strategies and Applications for Enhanced Higher-Order Multisegment Denatured Pascal Curve Gears
Authors: Zhao Huacheng , Xu Gaohuan , Li Zengfang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The existing Pascal curve gears suffer from limited flexibility in pitch curves and restricted changes in transmission ratios. This has impeded the application in a range of mechanical systems that require more adaptable gear solutions. For this, a design procedure for higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is proposed. This innovative design offers greater flexibility in pitch curves and allows for a broader range of transmission ratios. The transmission mechanism of the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is analyzed and the unified mathematical expression of the families of Pascal curve gear is derived. Based on the proposed higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear, the non-circular gears with free-form pitch curve can be constructed by changing the parameters to achieve the unification of two types of pitch curves. Then the transmission characteristics are discussed. To further validate the design, the visual analysis and design software of the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is compiled based on Visual Basic, and is verified with the example. The novelty Pascal curve gears is applied to drive the differential velocity vane pump. The displacement, instantaneous flow rate, and pulsation rate of the differential velocity vane pump are calculated. The novelty drive mechanism could meet the requirements and have good performance. The application shows that the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is feasible in practice.
Prevalence, Spatial distribution, and Risk Factors of Enterobius vermicularis among Children in Kidapawan City, Philippines
Authors: Oñez Zeno , Hinay Alfredo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The high prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis is typically associated with sociodemographic characteristics and hygiene practices as risk factors. In this study, a geospatial tool was used to determine the distribution of Enterobius vermicularis across Kidapawan City, Philippines. A cohort of 138 respondents was included, and the prevalence of enterobiasis was determined using the scotch tape method, which is considered the gold standard for Enterobius vermicularis identification. An adopted survey tool was used to identify the associated risk factors and was analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. A geospatial mapping tool was used to visualize the distribution of enterobiasis among children. The results showed a 15.21% prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection in the rural area of Kidapawan City, Philippines. The results also showed that age (p = 0.000), mother’s educational level(p = 0.009), handwashing after toileting (p = 0.001) and before eating (p = 0.006), bathing without assistance (p = 0.002), and sharing a bed (p = 0.001) were all significant risk factors that may contribute to the prevalence of enterobiasis. The study provides the need for comprehensive public health interventions targeting both individual hygiene practices and socioeconomic factors to effectively control and prevent the spread of E. vermicularis infection within the community.
Assessment of Lifestyle Factors, Stress Levels, and Quality of Life among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mahajan Anu , Muley Arti 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
India is deemed the “Diabetes Capital,” with over 100 million people suffering from this deadly disease. The disease is a lifestyle disorder and significantly impacts the quality of life. Thus, the study assesses the lifestyle factors and quality of life among people suffering from Type 2 Diabetes.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 T2DM participants aged 18–65. Data were collected from Diabetic Clinics across Pune City using the Modified Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire, having seven domains with 17 questions. PSS and IPAQ Questionnaire were used to assess the Stress and Physical Activity.
Results
60% of the participants were males with a mean age of 43.30 ± 10.89 years. The mean age of women was 50.17 ± 10.13 years. The mean HbA1c of males and females was 7.98 ± 1.41 and 7.83 ± 1.25, respectively. 83% have moderate stress, while 11% have low stress. Only 11% were found to be physically active. The average QoL score of the participants was 63.4 ± 11.2, non-significantly higher in males than in females (64.9 ± 11.03 vs 61.0 ± 11.22). Domain assessment of QoL showed statistical significance among general health (p = 0.002) and energy fatigue (p = 0.015), with males having better general health than women, and energy levels were better in females than males. However, no significance was seen between the genders in physical function, emotional well-being, and role limitation. A statistical significance for energy fatigue (p = 0.031) was observed when QoL was assessed across the disease duration.
Conclusion
Due to a sedentary lifestyle and increased stress, the glycemic profile of the participants was uncontrolled, which negatively impacted their quality of life. Thus, a holistic approach to managing diabetes will be more beneficial in improving the quality of life.
No suitable cut-off value of C-reactive protein for ruling out infection after cesarean section
Authors: Enengl Sabine , Oppelt Peter , Mayer Richard Bernhard , Brandlmayr Elisabeth , Trautner Philip Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Infection after cesarean section is a major contributor to maternal morbidity. Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) is a laboratory test frequently conducted to rule out or confirm postoperative infection.Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate whether CRP is a suitable tool for ruling out infection after cesarean section and whether there are any reliable cut-off values.Methods 2056 patients with cesarean section (CS) over a 3-year period were included in a retrospective analysis. Outcome parameters and risk factors for postoperative infection were collected. CRP values from preoperative and postoperative tests were compared. Cut-offs for ruling out infection were assessed.Results Among 2056 CSs, postoperative infection occurred in 78 cases (3.8%). The prevalence of infection in emergency CS was lowest, at four out of 134 (2.9%), and the highest prevalence was seen in secondary CS, at 42 of 903 (4.6%; P = 0.35). CRP values in the infection group were significantly higher (preoperative, 1.01 mg/dl vs. 0.62 mg/dl; day 1 postoperative, 7.91 mg/dl vs. 6.44 mg/dl; day 4 postoperative, 8.44 mg/dl vs. 4.09 mg/dl; P = 0.01). A suitable cut-off value for ruling out infection was not identified.Conclusion Although CRP values were significantly higher in the infection group, the clinical relevance of this appears to be negligible. CRP testing does not appear to be a reliable tool for diagnosing or ruling out postoperative infection.
Predictive Value of the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index for the Postoperative Complications of Lung Resections in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Retrospective Study Short Title : Study on the Correlation between the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index and Patients with Bronchiectasis
Authors: Gu Yang , Miao Jin-Bai , Zheng Hang , Li Xin , Hu Bin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Bronchiectasis patients often suffer from systemic inflammation and malnutrition, which negatively affect their prognosis. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) has emerged as a novel biomarker that reflects systemic inflammation and malnutrition. However, its utility in predicting postoperative complications in bronchiectasis patients undergoing localized surgical resection remains to be clarified.
Method: This retrospective study included 160 patients with localized bronchiectasis who underwent a single lobectomy at our center from April 2012 to December 2022. The optimal ALI cutoff point was established using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent risk factors for postoperative complications.
Results: The optimal cutoff value for the ALI was determined to be 38.37. Compared to the high ALI group, the low ALI group exhibited a significantly greater incidence of open chest surgeries (P=0.001), increased duration of surgeries (P=0.024), greater intraoperative blood loss (P=0.016), prolonged postoperative chest tube drainage (P=0.001), extended hospital stays after the operation (P=0.001), and a greater rate of complications (P=0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that prolonged surgical duration, low body mass index (BMI), and low preoperative ALI were independent risk factors for postoperative complications. To predict the likelihood of these complications, we developed a nomogram incorporating these independent factors, which demonstrated predictive accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.792.
Conclusion: The preoperative ALI serves as an independent predictor of postoperative complications in patients with localized bronchiectasis who underwent a single lobectomy.
Causal and common risk pathways linking childhood maltreatment to later intimate partner violence victimization
Authors: Pezzoli Patrizia , Pingault Jean-Baptiste , Eley Thalia , McCrory Eamon , Viding Essi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization are major psychiatric risk factors. Maltreatment substantially increases the likelihood of subsequent IPV victimization, but what drives this association is poorly understood.
We analyzed retrospective self-reports of maltreatment and IPV in 12794 participants (58% women, 42% men) from the Twins Early Development Study at ages 21 and 26 using quantitative genetic methods. We estimated the etiological influences common to maltreatment and IPV, and the direct causal effect of maltreatment on IPV beyond such common influences.
Participants exposed to maltreatment (~7% of the sample) were 3 times more likely to experience IPV victimization than their peers at age 21, 4 times more likely at 26. The association between maltreatment and IPV was mostly due to environmental influences shared by co-twins (42-43%) and genetic influences (30–33%). The association between maltreatment and IPV was similar for women and men, but its etiology partly differed by sex. Maltreatment had a moderate-to-large effect on IPV in phenotypic models (β = 0.23–0.34), decreasing to a small-to-moderate range in causal models accounting for their common etiology (β = 0.15–0.21).
Risk factors common to maltreatment and IPV victimization are largely familial in origin, environmental and genetic. Even considering common risk factors, experiencing maltreatment is causally related to subsequent IPV victimization. Interventions promoting safe intimate relationships among young adults exposed to maltreatment are warranted and should address family-level environmental risk and individual-level risk shaped by genetics.
Automatic Test Case Generation Mechanism with Natural Language based Korean Requirements
Authors: Jang Woosung , Kim Janghwan , Kim R. Young Chul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In software industry fields, software testers absolutely force on how to make test cases with Informal or formal requirements. In software validation perspective, to do user acceptance testing, we should manually have been created numerous test case to meet the desired test coverage based on the precise analysis of clear, unstructured requirements. Until now, defining and analysing the meaning of natural language-based requirements is challenging, and automation is also difficult. This is, rare research does generate test case with natural language requirements sentences especially in Korea. To solve this problem, we propose a mechanism for automatically generating test cases from natural language requirements. This approach involves (1) simplifying unstructured Korean requirements, (2) normalizing requirement sentences, (3) modelling the requirement simplification process (C3Tree modelling), (4) automatically generating cause-effect graph model, and then test cases via decision table model with the graph models through meta-model transformation methods, (5) semi-automatic generation of test scripts, (6) generating test result reports, and (7) finally automatic generation of requirement traceability matrices. Ultimately, simplifying unstructured Korean requirements sentences aids in understanding requirements among stakeholders and reduces test costs.
Real-time phenotyping measurement system for vegetable leaves
Authors: Huang Yourui , Liu Yuwen , Cheng Junhui , Fang Jie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the process of vegetable growth, leaf area phenotypic information measurement is an effective means to evaluate the growth status of vegetables. Due to the irregular leaf shape, the accuracy of leaf area measurement is low, and real-time field measurement is difficult to achieve. According to the field situation, a real-time phenotypic measurement system for vegetable leaves was designed. The vegetable leaves are collected in real-time by the detection vehicle, and the YOLACT segmentation model is used to realize the real-time measurement of vegetable leaves. By introducing the Res2Net module after adding the ECA attention mechanism into the model backbone network Resnet50, the network receptive field is expanded and the segmentation performance of the network on the leaves is improved. In the field experiment, the segmentation accuracy and detection accuracy of vegetable leaves reached 41.51% and 39.39%, respectively, and the segmentation speed was 23.10 frame/s. The results show that the designed real-time phenotypic measurement system of vegetable leaves not only meets the accurate area measurement of irregular vegetable leaves, but also realizes the real-time requirement of vegetable leaf area measurement, and improves the reliability of leaf phenotypic information to evaluate the growth status of vegetables.
The associations of intra-operative risk factors on Surgical Site Infections: a retrospective cohort study in a Norwegian University Hospital
Authors: Aanes Mari-Anne , Pfeffer Frank , Eide Geir Egil , Ghavidel Fatemeh Zamanzad , Søfteland Eirik , Leonardsen Ann-Chatrin Linqvist , Flynn Fiona Mary , Boermeester Marja , Haugen Arvid Steinar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate associations of intra-operative risk factors and the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist with the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) following abdominal surgery up to 30 days post-surgery.
Background: SSIs pose a significant challenge in healthcare, particularly after major abdominal surgery. Implementing the Surgical Safety Checklist is considered a strategy to mitigate the risk of SSIs. Evidence on intra-operative risk factors contributing to post-discharge SSIs, especially in abdominal surgery patients, is limited.
Method: A retrospective observational, cohort study was conducted over 5 years at a Norwegian university hospital, and included adult patients undergoing colon resection, cholecystectomy, and caesarean sections. Standardised anaesthetic techniques were applied, and core body temperatures were routinely recorded at the start and end of surgery. Data were collected from an administrative operation planning system and SSIs register. SSIs were monitored according to the Norwegian national surveillance system on Surgical Site Infections (NOIS) and The Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance Network (HAI-Net), with additional patient and physician-reported data on wound infections. The probability of SSIs was analysed using multiple logistic regression.
Results: A total of 11.2% (463/4142) of patients developed SSIs, of which 4.6% (189/4142) developed SSIs after discharge from hospital. Age, gender, forced air warming blankets, fluid warmer, volume of intravenous fluids, and the Surgical Safety Checklist use were not associated with the total number of SSIs. Perioperative temperature, duration of surgery, open surgical access, type of surgery, regional anaesthesia, and higher comorbidity were observed as risk factors. A significant association was found between omitting use of the WHO SSC Time-Out component and post-discharge SSIs, with a fully adjusted odds ratio of 1.95. The incidence of SSIs after discharge was also associated with factors such as perioperative temperature.
Conclusion: The WHO SSC may predominantly impact the incidence of SSIs after discharge. Moreover, intra-operative work processes such as shorter duration of surgery and maintaining perioperative normothermia may protect against SSIs.
Clinical Trial Identifier:NCT03112317
Signature of white bubbles in the equatorial ionosphere
Authors: Takahashi Hisao , Figueiredo Cosme A.O.B , Wrasse Cristiano M. , Barros Diego , Carmo Carolina S , Carrasco Alexander , Buriti Ricardo A. , Paulino Igo , Egito Fabio , Vital Luiz F. R. , Rosa Geangelo M. , Sampaio A. H. R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

From airglow OI 630 nm observations in the low-latitude ionosphere, we observed an enhancement of the emission rate inside of plasma bubbles (EPBs). It occurred, on some occasions, after the local midnight during the equinox seasons. The all-sky imager has been operated at Bom Jesus da Lapa (BJL) (13.3°S, 43.5°W, dip.14.1°S). In the night of 7–8 October 2021, a dark plasma bubble turned into a bright one due to an enhancement of the OI 630 nm emission rate, which we call it as White Bubble (WhB). Prior to the WhB appearance, the imager detected a presence of Midnight Brightness Wave (MBW) moving rapidly from the equator to the south of BJL. At the same time, a downward movement of the height of the F-layer was observed at Cachoeira Paulista (22.7 °S, 45.0 °W, dip. 18.1°S). We further observed that the WhB extended equatorward when the EPB eastward drift increased. Similar WhBs were observed on seven nights during 2021–2022. These observational facts suggested that the MBW interacted with EPB, causing the depletion inside of EPB to be filled with plasma, resulting in the generation of WhB.