bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased expression and cellular localization of lipocalin‐type prostaglandin D synthase in Helicobacter pylori‐induced gastritis
Authors: Hokari Ryota , Nagata Nanae , Kurihara Chie , Watanabe Chikako , Komoto Shunsuke , Okada Yoshikiyo , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Nagao Shigeaki , Hibi Toshifumi , Nagata Kinya , Urade Yoshihiro , Miura Soichiro 
Published: August 2009

AbstractImmunological responses in the host can result in different disease outcomes of Helicobacter pylori‐induced gastritis. Prostaglandin E2 derived from cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin E synthase contribute to gastric protection. Recently, prostaglandin D2 was shown to be involved in host immunity by chemotactic activity through chemoattractant receptor‐homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2), but its role in H. pylori‐induced gastritis has not been clarified. We determined the expression levels of mRNAs for haematopoietic PGD synthase (H‐PGDS) and lipocalin‐type PGDS (L‐PGDS), MIP‐1 alpha, IFN‐gamma, IL‐4, and CDX2 in H. pylori‐induced gastritis mucosa by quantitative RT‐PCR. We found that L‐PGDS was constitutively expressed in the epithelium of the glandular base. L‐PGDS, but not H‐PGDS, was induced on fibroblasts close to infiltrating cells in the H. pylori‐infected gastric mucosa. These fibroblasts co‐expressed COX‐2. The level of L‐PGDS mRNA expression decreased as gastritis became more severe. In most of the H. pylori‐infected gastric mucosa, CCR5(+) cells had more actively infiltrated than had CRTH2(+) cells. However, the expression level of IFN‐gamma was lower in the mucosa of the CRTH2(+) cells‐dominantly infiltrating group than that of the less CRTH2‐infiltrating group. Exogenously added PGD2 decreased the H. pylori‐induced expression of IFN‐gamma in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. The data suggest that PGD2 derived from the gastric mucosa and fibroblasts plays protective roles against inflammatory changes in H. pylori‐induced gastritis. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytogenetic characterization of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Nicaragua
Authors: Ceppi Francesco , Brown Angela , Betts David R. , Niggli Felix , Popovic Maja Beck 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundWithin the frame of a twinning programme with Nicaragua, The La Mascota project, we evaluated in our study the contribution of cytogenetic characterization of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) as prognostic factor compared to clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical parameters.MethodsAll patients with ALL treated at the only cancer pediatric hospital in Nicaragua during 2006 were studied prospectively. Diagnostic immunophenotyping was performed locally and bone marrow or blood samples were sent to the cytogenetic laboratory of Zurich for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and G‐banding.ResultsSixty‐six patients with ALL were evaluated. Their mean age at diagnosis was 7.3 years, 31.8% were ≥10 years. Thirty‐four patients (51.5%) presented with hyperleucocytosis ≥50 × 109/L, 45 (68.2%) had hepatosplenomegaly. Immunophenotypically 63/66 patients (95%) had a B‐precursor, 2 (3%) a T‐ and 1 (1.5%) a B‐mature ALL. FISH analysis demonstrated a TEL/AML1 fusion in 9/66 (14%), BCR/ABL fusion in 1 (1.5%), MLL rearrangement in 2 (3.1%), iAMP21 in 2 (3.1%), MYC rearrangement in 1 (1.5%), and high‐hyperdiploidy in 16 (24%). All patients but two with TEL/AML1 fusion and high‐hyperdiploidy were clinically and hematologically in the standard risk group whereas those with poor cytogenetic factors had clinical high‐risk features and were treated intensively.ConclusionsCompared to Europe, the ALL population in Nicaragua is older, has a higher proportion of poor prognostic clinical and hematological features and receives more intensive treatment, while patients with TEL/AML1 translocations and high‐hyperdiploidy are clinically in the standard risk group. Cytogenetics did not contribute as an additional prognostic factor in this setting. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1238–1241. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Erwinia asparaginase after allergy to E. coli asparaginase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Vrooman Lynda M. , Supko Jeffrey G. , Neuberg Donna S. , Asselin Barbara L. , Athale Uma H. , Clavell Luis , Kelly Kara M. , Laverdière Caroline , Michon Bruno , Schorin Marshall , Cohen Harvey J. , Sallan Stephen E. , Silverman Lewis B. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundEscherichia coli asparaginase is an important component of treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, hypersensitivity develops in up to 30% of patients. We assessed the nadir enzyme activity and tolerability of Erwinia asparaginase, an alternative preparation, in E. coli asparaginase‐allergic patients.Patients and MethodsBetween 2000 and 2002, 215 children with newly diagnosed ALL were enrolled on Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocol 00‐01 and were to receive 30 weekly doses of intramuscular E. coli asparaginase. If E. coli asparaginase allergy developed, patients were switched to twice‐weekly intramuscular Erwinia asparaginase (25,000 IU/m2). Nadir serum asparaginase activity (NSAA) was measured every 3 weeks.ResultsForty‐two patients (20%) developed E. coli asparaginase allergy and switched to Erwinia. Of 38 patients with evaluable samples, 34 (89%) Erwinia‐treated patients had at least one therapeutic NSAA (≥0.1 IU/ml). The median NSAA was 0.247 IU/ml 3 days and 0.077 IU/ml 4 days after an Erwinia dose. Associated toxicities included allergy in 14 (33%) and pancreatitis in 3 patients (7%). At a median follow‐up of 5.4 years, event‐free survival (±standard error) of the 42 patients who switched to Erwinia was 86 ± 5% compared with 81 ± 3% for the 170 patients without E. coli asparaginase allergy (P = 0.55).ConclusionsTwice‐weekly Erwinia asparaginase was well tolerated and achieved a therapeutically effective NSAA in most E. coli asparaginase‐allergic patients. Development of E. coli allergy and subsequent treatment with twice‐weekly Erwinia did not adversely impact event‐free survival. Erwinia asparaginase should be considered for E. coli asparaginase‐allergic patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:199–205. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tensile properties and reinforcement mechanisms of natural rubber/vapor‐grown carbon nanofiber composite
Authors: Jiang Hong‐Xia , Ni Qing‐Qing , Natsuki Toshiaki 
Published: August 2009

AbstractNatural rubber (NR) composites with different contents of 1, 3, 10, and 20 wt% vapor‐grown carbon nanofibers (VGCFs) were synthesized using a solvent casting method. The initial modulus of composites was improved by 26.5 %/wt% as the VGCFs were added, and the NR/3 wt%VGCF composite had the largest tensile strength. The experiment values of initial moduli agreed well with the values predicted by the Halpin‐Tsai theory. The reinforcement mechanisms of the composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). It was found that an efficient stress transfer occurred from NR to VGCFs under the uniaxial stretching. The addition of 10 wt% VGCFs could promote the nucleation process of NR, which resulted in the characteristic of the strain‐induced crystallization (SIC) in NR/10 wt%VGCF composite even for low strain. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Feasibility and usefulness of the ‘Distress Screening Program in Ambulatory Care’ in clinical oncology practice
Authors: Shimizu Ken , Ishibashi Yuki , Umezawa Shino , Izumi Hideko , Akizuki Nobuya , Ogawa Asao , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Ando Masashi , Katsumata Noriyuki , Tamura Kenji , Kouno Tsutomu , Shimizu Chikako , Yonemori Kan , Yunokawa Mayu , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjective: Although the implementation of routine screening for distress is desirable, doing so is difficult in today's busy clinical oncology practice. We developed the ‘Distress Screening Program in Ambulatory Care’ (DISPAC program) as a practical means of screening for and facilitating the treatment of major depression and adjustment disorders in cancer patients. This study assessed the feasibility and usefulness of the DISPAC program in actual clinical situations.Methods: As part of the DISPAC program, nurses administered a psychological screening measure, the Distress and Impact Thermometer (DIT), to consecutive cancer patients visiting an outpatient clinic in the waiting room. The attending physician then recommended psycho‐oncology service referral to all positively screened patients. We compared the proportion of patients referred to a psycho‐oncology service during the DISPAC period with the usual care period.Results: Of the targeted 491 patients treated during the DISPAC period, 91.9% (451/491) completed the DIT; the results were positive in 37.0% (167/451), recommendations for referrals were given to 93.4% (156/167), and 25.0% (39/156) accepted the referral. Ultimately 5.3% (26/491) of the targeted patients were treated by psycho‐oncology service as having major depression or adjustment disorders, a significantly higher proportion than during the usual care period (0.3%; p<0.001). The nurses required 132±58 s per person to administer the DIT.Conclusions: The DISPAC program is useful for facilitating the care of cancer patients with psychological distress. Nevertheless, the acceptance of referrals by patients and the reduction of the burden placed on nurses are areas requiring improvement. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nocturnal cough in children with stable cystic fibrosis
Authors: van der Giessen Lianne , Loeve Martine , de Jongste Johan , Hop Wim , Tiddens Harm 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIntroductionTo date no studies have been published on nocturnal cough frequency in children with stable CF. Aim of the study was to assess nocturnal cough frequency in children with CF. In addition nocturnal cough frequency was correlated with parameters of disease severity.MethodsDuring two nights cough was recorded with a digital audio recorder in 25 patients (mean age 13 years; range 6–19) with clinically stable CF. In addition oxygen saturation was measured. The day following the recording spirometry was carried out. CT scores were obtained from the most recent routine CT scan. Cough was expressed in cough seconds (csec) and in cough seconds per hour (csec/hr).ResultsData shown are median values and interquartile range (IQR). First night: 8 csec (IQR 3–52); 0.9 csec/hr (IQR 0.3–6.1) Second night: 6 csec (IQR 2–32); 0.6 csec/hr (IQR 0.1–3.4). Csec in the 1st night did not correlate significantly with csec in the 2nd night. Only for the 2nd night a strong correlation was found between csec/hr and the FEV1%pred (rs = −0.75, P < 0.001) and FEF75 %pred (rs = −0.71, P < 0.001). Bronchiectasis score correlated borderline with the mean csec/hr of both nights (rs = 0.39, P = 0.08). During both nights cough was significantly higher in the first hour of sleep (P ≤ 0.04).ConclusionFrequency of nocturnal coughing in children with CF was higher than that described for normal children. Nocturnal cough tended to be more severe in children with more advanced CF lung disease. Nocturnal cough was more severe in the first hour of sleep and varied from night‐to‐night. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:859–865. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Beliefs and barriers to medication use in parents of Latino children with asthma
Authors: McQuaid Elizabeth L. , Vasquez Juan , Canino Glorisa , Fritz Gregory K. , Ortega Alexander N. , Colon Angel , Klein Robert B. , Kopel Sheryl J. , Koinis‐Mitchell Daphne , Esteban Cynthia A. , Seifer Ronald 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjective:Disparities in asthma outcomes exist between Latino and non‐Latino white (NLW) children. We examined rates of medication use, medication beliefs, and perceived barriers to obtaining medication in US and island Puerto Rican parents of children with asthma.Hypotheses:Island PR parents would report the lowest rates of controller medication use, followed by RI Latino and RI NLW parents; Latino parents would report more medication concerns than NLW parents; and Island PR parents would report the most barriers to medication use.Study Design:Five hundred thirty families of children with persistent asthma participated, including 231 Island PR, 111 RI NLW, and 188 RI Latino. Parents completed survey measures.Results:Group differences were found on reported use of ICS (X2 = 50.96, P < 0.001), any controller medication (X2 = 56.49, P < 0.001), and oral steroids (X2 = 10.87, P < 0.01). Island PR parents reported a greater frequency of barriers to medication use than the other two groups (X2 = 61.13, P < 0.001). Latino parents in both sites expressed more medication concerns than NLW parents (F = 20.18, P < 0.001). Medication necessity was associated with ICS use in all three groups (all P's < 0.01). Medication concerns were positively associated with ICS use in PR only (OR = 1.64, P < 0.05).Conclusions:Differences in medication beliefs and the ability to obtain medications may explain the reported disparity in controller medication use. Further studies are needed to evaluate these obstacles to medication use. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:892–898. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exhaled breath condensate pH and ammonia in cystic fibrosis and response to treatment of acute pulmonary exacerbations
Authors: Newport Sharon , Amin Nikhil , Dozor Allen J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractExhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH reflects the acid–base homeostasis of the airway lining fluid and is up to 3 log order lower in various inflammatory lung diseases including asthma, COPD, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis (CF) than in normal controls. The aim of this study was to confirm this finding in CF and determine if there was a significant change in EBC pH after treatment of an acute pulmonary exacerbation. Ten subjects with CF and a pulmonary exacerbation, and 10 healthy age‐matched control subjects were studied. EBC was collected at the onset of an acute pulmonary exacerbation and after treatment with intravenous antibiotics (median duration: 14 days (interquartile range, IQR): 12–14) when the exacerbation was considered resolved. The median age for CF patients was 15.9 years (IQR: 13–18.8), compared to 18 years (IQR: 15–24.8) for the control group, P = 0.242. All CF subjects had severe lung disease, median FEV1 = 41.5% of predicted (IQR: 30.8–46.5%). Median EBC pH in CF subjects at the onset of a pulmonary exacerbation was 6.61 (IQR: 6.17–7.91) compared to median EBC pH of 8.14 (IQR: 7.45–9.08) in the control group, P < 0.02. Median EBC pH after resolution of an exacerbation was 7.02 (IQR: 5.8–8.64), not significantly different (P = 0.667) than during the acute exacerbation. EBC pH decreased in five subjects, increased in three subjects and there was no change in two subjects. There was no correlation between EBC pH and FEV1 either before or after intravenous antibiotics. EBC ammonia, an important buffer of ASL, was also measured and similarly found to be lower than in normal controls. EBC pH is lower in CF than age‐matched controls, and did not change consistently in response to treatment of an acute pulmonary exacerbation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:866–872. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation between usage of macrolide antibiotic and resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae clinic isolates from chongqing children's hospital
Authors: Chen Jiong , Liu Lan , Wang Gang , Chen Yuan , Luo Zhengxiu , Huang Ying , Fu Zhou , Yang Yonghong , Liu Enmei 
Published: August 2009

AbstractTo investigate the reasons of growing resistance problem of Streptococcus pneumoniae against macrolide in Chongqing, a retrospective method was employed to measure the minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) of macrolide antibiotic against 1,210 S. pneumoniae clinic isolates. The defined daily doses (DDDs) of macrolide antibiotic were calculated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the presence of the erythromycin‐resistant genes in 100 macrolide‐resistant S. pneumoniae isolates. A decrease in macrolide consumption, from 371,100 DDDs in 2002 to 182,500 DDDs in 2005 (51% reduction); however, the rate of erythromycin resistance in S. pneumoniae showed continued increase from 88.0% in 2002 to 96.0% in 2005. No linear correlation was observed between the decline in macrolide consumption and continued increase in resistant rate in S. pneumoniae. In 100 macrolide‐resistant S. pneumoniae isolates, 68 had both erm(B) and mef(A) genotypes, 10 only had the erm(B), 20 only had the mef(A). Co‐existences of ribosomal modification coded by erm(B) gene and efflux effects coded by mef(A) gene were the main resistance mechanism against macrolides and might be attributed to the high drug resistance of S. pneumoniae in Chongqing. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:917–921. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Texture formation in epitaxial hard magnetic Sm2Co7 thin films
Authors: Tamm R. , Rao K. S. , Fähler S. , Neu V. , Singh A. , Oertel C.‐G. , Schultz L. , Holzapfel B. , Skrotzki W. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe crystallographic and magnetic texture of epitaxial, hard magnetic Sm2Co7 films prepared on Cr‐buffered MgO single‐crystal substrates are analyzed. Substrate symmetry, deposition temperature, and deposition rate are systematically varied, resulting in a variety of different, but epitaxial orientations. On Cr‐buffered MgO(001), Sm2Co7 grows with three different types of orientations: one inplane orientation with the c‐axis aligned in the substrate plane parallel to MgO[100] and [010], and two tilted orientations, where the c‐axes of the Sm2Co7 crystals have a 45° and 60° orientation to the substrate plane. The volume fraction of the tilted orientations decreases with decrease in the Sm2Co7 deposition temperature. A lower limit is given by the epitaxial growth temperature, which is necessary to form a fully crystalline, epitaxial film. This temperature can be reduced by lowering the deposition rate. Thus, almost completely inplane aligned films can be achieved by a low‐rate/low‐temperature deposition. On a Cr‐buffered MgO(011) substrate Sm2Co7 grows with a single orientation, i.e., with the c‐axis aligned onto the substrate plane parallel to MgO[100]. The findings are discussed considering elastic strain minimization, thermodynamics and kinetics of film growth, surface faceting, and Co‐particle formation.
Effects of Fe doping on magnetic and transport properties in Pr0.75Na0.25MnO3
Authors: Li Yu , Cheng Qian , Su Runzhou , Sui Yu , Su Wenhui 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSingle‐phase polycrystalline perovskites Pr0.75Na0.25Mn1−xFexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) were prepared by a sol–gel technique, which can reduce the volatilization of Na, and avoid the precipitation of manganese oxide. The effects of Fe doping at the Mn site upon the charge and the magnetic order in Pr0.75Na0.25MnO3 have been investigated combining magnetic and transport properties measurements. The results show that for low temperatures long range charge order (CO) is weakened even at doping concentration as low as 2%. The ferromagnetic (FM) fraction increases with increase in the Fe doping for x ≤ 5%, and decreases by further Fe doping. This complex behavior is interpreted in terms of the competition between geometric effect (size of the dopant) and the effect of electronic configuration of the dopant. The steplike metamagnetic transition for the x ≤ 5% samples is observed and the origin is ascribed to the phase transition from CO antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase to FM phase in a phase separation scenario.
Influence of the Hall effect on domain wall mobility in a cylindrical sample with circumferential easy axis
Authors: Kladivová Mária , Ziman Ján 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe influence of the Hall effect on magnetization reversal was studied in a cylindrical sample with circumferential easy axis of magnetization. It was shown that due to the Hall effect the mobility of the single boundary between adjacent domains with opposite magnetization (“circular” domain wall – cdw) depends on the relative orientation of the current flow and orientation of wall displacement, and that the magnetic field structure on the wall also depends on the Hall effect. The expression for velocity of a single planar cdw was obtained. The mobility of the wall depends on the value of the tangent of the Hall angle β. It was shown that for small values of β the dependence is linear and that the theorems formulated by Berger for “Domain‐drag” effect (DDE) in a rectangular sample are applicable also for the studied cylindrical sample if $|\beta | \ll 1$.
Ultrafast carrier dynamics in semiconductor nanowires
Authors: Prasankumar Rohit P. , Upadhya Prashanth C. , Taylor Antoinette J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSemiconductor nanowires (NWs) are nanostructures with a number of novel optical and electronic properties that offer great promise for applications in areas including nanoelectronics, thermoelectrics, sensing, and nanophotonics. To realize the full potential of these unique nanosystems, however, a deep understanding of their response to optical excitation on a sub‐picosecond time scale is required. Here, we review recent ultrafast optical studies of carrier dynamics in semiconductor NWs. These experiments have been performed on different materials as a function of both intrinsic NW parameters such as diameter and doping as well as experimental parameters including photoexcited carrier density and wavelength. A variety of phenomena, including one‐dimensional (1D) exciton dynamics, rapid carrier trapping at surface and bulk defects, and lasing from an electron‐hole plasma (EHP) have been observed. These first measurements of ultrafast carrier dynamics are a tantalizing hint of the rich physics yet to be discovered in these quasi‐1D systems.
magnified imageUltrafast optical spectroscopy can track the temporal evolution of carrier populations in semiconductor NWs with femtosecond time resolution.
Inverse shift of absorption peak versus applied dc magnetic field in interlayer exchange‐coupled trilayer ferromagnetic films with inplane uniaxial anisotropy
Authors: Chen Jihong , Chen Jiangwei , Tang Dongming , Zhang Baoshan , Yang Yi , Lu Mu , Lu Huaixian 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we theoretically demonstrate the somewhat novel properties of normally incident microwaves in interlayer exchange‐coupled trilayer ferromagnetic films induced by external dc magnetic fields. It is found that, under suitable conditions, one absorption peak associated with an optic mode may shift inversely versus the applied dc magnetic field in the magnetizations abnormally, which is also attributed to the coexistence of gyrotropy of the permeability tensor, interlayer exchange coupling (IEC), and inhomogeneous exciting fields along the film thickness. This work proposes a feasible way to tailor microwave properties of the multilayer ferromagnetic films by combining the effects of the multiple factors mentioned above.