bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How plant composition in margins influences the assemblage of pests and predators and its effect on biocontrol in melon fields
Authors: Sanchez Juan Antonio , de Pedro Luis , López-Gallego Elena , Pérez-Marcos María , Ramírez-Soria María José , Perera-Fernández Luis Gabriel , Atenza Joaquín F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany agricultural landscapes offer few resources for maintaining natural enemy populations and floral plantings have frequently been adopted to enhance biological pest control in crops. However, restored margins may harbour both pests and natural enemies. The aim was to compare the abundance of pests and natural enemies in three types of margins (unmanaged, sown herbaceous floral strips and shrubby hedgerows) as well as in adjacent melon fields. Besides, yield was compared among melon fields as way of testing the effect of the type of margin on biocontrol. The research was carried out during 2 years in twelve melon fields from four different locations in southern Spain. Arthropods were sampled periodically in margins and melon fields by visual inspections and Berlese extraction. Hedgerow and floral strips hosted higher numbers of both pests and predators than unmanaged margins. Besides, hedgerows had a similar or higher number of natural enemies than floral strips but lower number of pests. In just a few occasions, the type of margin had a significant effect on the abundance of pests and natural enemies in melon fields, but rarely there was consistency between the two growing seasons. No differences were found in yield. We hypothesised that the lack of association in the abundances of pests and natural enemies between margins and melon fields could be attributed to the overriding effects of the landscape and/or the internal population dynamics of arthropods in melon fields. Overall, shrubby hedgerows are more recommended than herbaceous floral strips.
Predictive approach for liberation from acute dialysis in ICU patients using interpretable machine learning
Authors: Wang Tsai-Jung , Huang Chun-Te , Wu Chieh-Liang , Chen Cheng-Hsu , Wang Min-Shian , Chao Wen-Cheng , Huang Yi-Chia , Pai Kai-Chih 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRenal recovery following dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (AKI-D) is a vital clinical outcome in critical care, yet it remains an understudied area. This retrospective cohort study, conducted in a medical center in Taiwan from 2015 to 2020, enrolled patients with AKI-D during intensive care unit stays. We aimed to develop and temporally test models for predicting dialysis liberation before hospital discharge using machine learning algorithms and explore early predictors. The dataset comprised 90 routinely collected variables within the first three days of dialysis initiation. Out of 1,381 patients who received acute dialysis, 27.3% experienced renal recovery. The cohort was divided into the training group (N = 1135) and temporal testing group (N = 251). The models demonstrated good performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81–0.88) and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.62–0.76) for the XGBoost model. Key predictors included urine volume, Charlson comorbidity index, vital sign derivatives (trend of respiratory rate and SpO2), and lactate levels. We successfully developed early prediction models for renal recovery by integrating early changes in vital signs and inputs/outputs, which have the potential to aid clinical decision-making in the ICU.
A note on the seismicity of Sumatra, western Sunda Arc, Indonesia, in relation to the potential for back-arc thrusting
Authors: Widiyantoro S. , Supendi P. , Rawlinson N. , Daryono M. R. , Rosalia S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe existence of back-arc thrust faults along the eastern part of the Sunda Arc, ranging westwards from Flores to the western tip of Java, has been recognised for decades. In contrast, it is still unknown whether such back-arc thrust faults exist in Sumatra, which is located in the western part of the Sunda Arc. To investigate the possible existence of back-arc thrusts in Sumatra, we examine regional earthquake data reported by the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics of Indonesia, as well as global earthquake data reported by the International Seismological Centre and the United States Geological Survey. It appears that back-arc thrusts in the study area are not extensively developed, unlike in the eastern Sunda Arc, which may be caused by oblique subduction beneath the Sumatran forearc. The stress associated with the trench-parallel component of subduction is largely accommodated by the ~ 1650-km-long dextral strike-slip fault zone of the Great Sumatran Fault. The seismicity data from various sources do, however, show that there is a dipping seismogenic zone in several parts of the back-arc region of Sumatra, in the opposite direction to the NNE subduction of the Indo-Australian plate. This new observation may be related to the presence of spatially intermittent back-arc thrust faults in the study area, which may need to be taken into account when improving Indonesia's national earthquake hazard maps.
Social role of the ‘Bow-Wow Patrol’ in urban areas of Japan: a qualitative study
Authors: Hosokawa Yoshino , Ishii Kaori , Shibata Ai , Yako-Suketomo Hiroko , Suko Riki , Oka Koichiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ‘Bow-Wow Patrol (BWP)’, established to avert local crime by encouraging dog walking, may help build social relationships among individuals through dog walking. However, details of its social influence remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the social roles of BWP in the urban areas of Japan. A total of 18 BWP organisation members from two Tokyo municipalities were recruited using snowball sampling between November 2021 and July 2022. In an interview, participants were asked about their perceptions of changes in their social relationships through the BWP. Qualitative content analysis was conducted after text mining using the KH Coder software. The mean age of the participants was 63.9 years, and 83.3% engaged in BWP 7 days a week. The content analysis revealed six social roles of the BWP: establishment of social networks with schools as the centre, establishment of loose networks inside and outside the BWP organization, enhancement of a sense of trust among neighbours, enhancement of a sense of trust in communities, norms of reciprocity among dog owners, and dog and owner characteristics. This study found that the BWP in urban Japan strengthens social cohesion and expands social networks among dog walkers, encouraging them to continue walking.
Influence of electrodeposition parameters on the fabrication of Ni–Co/SiC + TiN composite films through pulse current electrodeposition
Authors: Cui Tianqi , Cao Mengyu , Li Huaxing , Zhang Yu , Jiang Kedi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, pulsed current electro-deposition (PCE) was used to prefabricate Ni–Co/SiC + TiN composite coatings (NCSTCCs) on mild steel surfaces. The research focused on the influence of two electrodeposition parameters, pulse frequency (PF) and duty cycle (DC), on NCSTCF features including microscopic surface morphology, crystal orientation, grain size, microhardness, SiC and TiN nanoparticles (NPs), deposition quantity, and corrosion resistance properties. The results indicated that NCSTCCs produced under a 10% DC showed minimal SiC and TiN contents with a percent volume of just 5.6 v/v% and 5.4 v/v% respectively under the fixed condition of 60 Hz PF. However, the three-dimensional surface diagram indicated that the Ni–Co/SiC + TiN composite film deposited at 50% DC and 10 Hz PF displayed the highest SiC and TiN contents (11.6 v/v% and 11.7 v/v%) among all the films. Furthermore, NCSTCCs deposited under 50% DC and 10 Hz PF had peak microhardness at 667.4 kg/mm2, while the composite film achieved a microhardness of 514.1 kg/mm2 when prepared using 10% DC and 60 Hz PF. Moreover, when the DC and PF were at 50% and 10 Hz respectively, the Ni–Co/SiC + TiN composite film presented the maximum charge transfer resistance (4915.7–4927.2 Ω·cm2), indicating an excellent corrosion resistance.
Unravelling the effects of active site density and energetics on the water oxidation activity of iridium oxides
Authors: Liang Caiwu , Rao Reshma R. , Svane Katrine L. , Hadden Joseph H. L. , Moss Benjamin , Scott Soren B. , Sachs Michael , Murawski James , Frandsen Adrian Malthe , Riley D. Jason , Ryan Mary P. , Rossmeisl Jan , Durrant James R. , Stephens Ifan E. L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding what controls the reaction rate on iridium-based catalysts is central to designing better electrocatalysts for the water oxidation reaction in proton exchange membrane electrolysers. Here we quantify the densities of redox-active centres and probe their binding strengths on amorphous IrOx and rutile IrO2 using operando time-resolved optical spectroscopy. We establish a quantitative experimental correlation between the intrinsic reaction rate and the active-state energetics. We find that adsorbed oxygen species, *O, formed at water oxidation potentials, exhibit repulsive adsorbate–adsorbate interactions. Increasing their coverage weakens their binding, thereby promoting O–O bond formation, which is the rate-determining step. These analyses suggest that although amorphous IrOx exhibits a higher geometric current density, the intrinsic reaction rates per active state on IrOx and IrO2 are comparable at given potentials. Finally, we present a modified volcano plot that elucidates how the intrinsic water oxidation kinetics can be increased by optimizing both the binding energy and the interaction strength between the catalytically active states.
Dynamic learning of individual-level suicidal ideation trajectories to enhance mental health care
Authors: Varidel Mathew , Hickie Ian B. , Prodan Ante , Skinner Adam , Marchant Roman , Cripps Sally , Oliveria Rafael , Chong Min K. , Scott Elizabeth , Scott Jan , Iorfino Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere has recently been an increase in ongoing patient-report routine outcome monitoring for individuals within clinical care, which has corresponded to increased longitudinal information about an individual. However, many models that are aimed at clinical practice have difficulty fully incorporating this information. This is in part due to the difficulty in dealing with the irregularly time-spaced observations that are common in clinical data. Consequently, we built individual-level continuous-time trajectory models of suicidal ideation for a clinical population (N = 585) with data collected via a digital platform. We demonstrate how such models predict an individual’s level and variability of future suicide ideation, with implications for the frequency that individuals may need to be observed. These individual-level predictions provide a more personalised understanding than other predictive methods and have implications for enhanced measurement-based care.
Affective polarization and dynamics of information spread in online networks
Authors: Lerman Kristina , Feldman Dan , He Zihao , Rao Ashwin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMembers of different political groups not only disagree about issues but also dislike and distrust each other. While social media can amplify this emotional divide—called affective polarization by political scientists—there is a lack of agreement on its strength and prevalence. We measure affective polarization on social media by quantifying the emotions and toxicity of reply interactions. We demonstrate that, as predicted by affective polarization, interactions between users with same ideology (in-group replies) tend to be positive, while interactions between opposite-ideology users (out-group replies) are characterized by negativity and toxicity. Second, we show that affective polarization generalizes beyond the in-group/out-group dichotomy and can be considered a structural property of social networks. Specifically, we show that emotions vary with network distance between users, with closer interactions eliciting positive emotions and more distant interactions leading to anger, disgust, and toxicity. Finally, we show that similar information exhibits different dynamics when spreading in emotionally polarized groups. These findings are consistent across diverse datasets spanning discussions on topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic and abortion in the US. Our research provides insights into the complex social dynamics of affective polarization in the digital age and its implications for political discourse.
Utilization of lysed and dried bacterial biomass from the marine purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum as a sustainable nitrogen fertilizer for plant production
Authors: Morey-Yagi Shamitha Rao , Kinoshita Yu , Motoki Ko , Iwahashi Yu , Hanh Dao Duy , Kato Shota , Nakano Ryohei , Ochiai Kumiko , Kobayashi Masaru , Nakazaki Tetsuya , Numata Keiji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlant-based agricultural systems rely heavily on inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizers to increase yields and ensure food security for the rapidly growing global population. However, the production and overuse of synthetic fertilizers lead to significant amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, causing a critical need for the development of alternative and sustainable organic N fertilizers. Here, we demonstrate the effective use of lysed and dried bacterial biomass from the marine purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum as an alternative source of N fertilizer for the cultivation of Japanese mustard spinach (komatsuna, Brassica rapa var. perviridis). To assess the suitability of this processed bacterial biomass, containing approximately 11% N, as a N fertilizer, we examined the effects of its application on plant germination and growth (measured by leaf chlorophyll, maximum leaf length, and dry weight) under two different temperature regimes, comparing it to that of a conventional N-containing mineral fertilizer. Application at rates up to four times that of the mineral fertilizer had no negative effects on seed germination and plant growth. The bacterial biomass had to be applied at approximately twice the rate of mineral fertilizer to obtain similar plant growth parameters, roughly corresponding to the predicted 62% rate of mineralization of the bacterial N. Our findings confirm the ability of plants to take up N from the lysed and dried biomass of marine purple photosynthetic bacteria, demonstrating the potential for using R. sulfidophilum as a source of N fertilizer.
DLG1 functions upstream of SDCCAG3 and IFT20 to control ciliary targeting of polycystin-2
Authors: Rezi Csenge K , Aslanyan Mariam G , Diwan Gaurav D , Cheng Tao , Chamlali Mohamed , Junger Katrin , Anvarian Zeinab , Lorentzen Esben , Pauly Kleo B , Afshar-Bahadori Yasmin , Fernandes Eduardo FA , Qian Feng , Tosi Sébastien , Christensen Søren T , Pedersen Stine F , Strømgaard Kristian , Russell Robert B , Miner Jeffrey H , Mahjoub Moe R , Boldt Karsten , Roepman Ronald , Pedersen Lotte B 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolarized vesicular trafficking directs specific receptors and ion channels to cilia, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we describe a role for DLG1, a core component of the Scribble polarity complex, in regulating ciliary protein trafficking in kidney epithelial cells. Conditional knockout of Dlg1 in mouse kidney causes ciliary elongation and cystogenesis, and cell-based proximity labeling proteomics and fluorescence microscopy show alterations in the ciliary proteome upon loss of DLG1. Specifically, the retromer-associated protein SDCCAG3, IFT20, and polycystin-2 (PC2) are reduced in the cilia of DLG1-deficient cells compared to control cells. This phenotype is recapitulated in vivo and rescuable by re-expression of wild-type DLG1, but not a Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)-associated DLG1 variant, p.T489R. Finally, biochemical approaches and Alpha Fold modelling suggest that SDCCAG3 and IFT20 form a complex that associates, at least indirectly, with DLG1. Our work identifies a key role for DLG1 in regulating ciliary protein composition and suggests that ciliary dysfunction of the p.T489R DLG1 variant may contribute to CAKUT.
Tunable silencer for rectangular ventilation duct based on composite Helmholtz resonators
Authors: Gao Cong , Hu Chuandeng , Hou Bo , Wu Xiaoxiao , Wen Weijia 
Published: June 2024

To attenuate low-frequency noise in square ventilation ducts, a tunable duct silencer consisting of composite Helmholtz resonators (HR) that precisely controlled by a step motor was proposed in this paper. An analytical model based on temporal coupled mode theory (TCMT) is applied to explain the sound absorption mechanism. The design breaks the limitation that the operating frequency of a silencer is fixed after manufacturing and avoids the degradation of ventilation conditions by attaching to the duct as a side branch. By using a step motor to drive the tunable cavity HR, the silencer can achieve accurate and continuous adjustment of the operating frequency over the entire operating frequency spectrum. In the experiment, the silencer has an absorption bandwidth of 250 Hz and ranges from 710 Hz to 960 Hz. Porous material is inserted into the cavities of HR to improve the damping properties. When integrated into the simulation model, it enables the rapid design of silencer dimensions for different sound absorption frequencies. The design demonstrates a new solution for low frequency sound attenuation in ventilation ducts and provides a potential technique for the future development of active controlled duct silencers.
The ups and downs of inferred cosmological lithium
Authors: Korn Andreas 
Published: June 2024

I summarize the stellar side of the cosmological lithium problem(s). Evidence from independent studies is accumulating and indicates that stars may very well be fully responsible for lowering their surface lithium from the predicted primordial value to observed levels through internal element-transport mechanisms collectively referred to as atomic diffusion.
While atomic diffusion can be modelled from first principles, stellar evolution uses a parametrized representation of convection making it impossible to predict convective-boundary mixing as a vital stellar process moderating atomic diffusion. More work is clearly needed here for a fully quantitative picture of lithium (and metallicity) evolution as stars age.
Lastly, note that inferred stellar lithium-6 abundances have all but disappeared.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy with T-Fasteners versus “Pull Technique”: Analysis of Complications
Authors: Castrillo Alejandra , García-Martínez Laura , Laín Ana , Giné Carlos , Díaz-Hervás María , López Manuel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction The T-fasteners gastrostomy (T-PEG) has become increasingly popular over recent years as an alternative to the “pull-technique” gastrostomy (P-PEG). This study aimed to compare P-PEG and T-PEG complications.
Materials and Methods A retrospective observational study of pediatric patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement. P-PEG was performed using the standard Ponsky technique and was replaced after 6 months by a balloon gastrostomy under sedation. T-PEG was performed using three percutaneous T-fasteners (that allow a primary insertion of a balloon gastrostomy). The balloon was replaced by a new one after 6 months without sedation. Complications were recorded.
Results In total, 146 patients underwent PEG placement, 70 P-PEG and 76 T-PEG. The mean follow-up was 3.9 years (standard deviation = 9.6). Age, weight, and associated comorbidities were comparable (p > 0.05). The overall complications were 17 (24.2%) in the P-PEG group and 16 (21.0%) in the T-PEG group (p > 0.05). P-PEG was associated with more sedation for button replacement (97 vs. 2.6% [p < 0.05]). P-PEG was associated with more early tube dislodgement during the first replacement (7.2 vs. 1.4% [p = 0.092]). Two of the five dislodged gastrostomies in the P-PEG group underwent laparotomy due to peritonitis, whereas the only dislodged gastrostomy in the T-PEG group was solved endoscopically. Altogether, P-PEG was associated with more complications that required urgent endoscopy, laparotomy, or laparoscopy (18.6 vs. 6.6% [p < 0.05]).
Conclusions P-PEG was associated with more sedation, complications during first button replacement, and complications requiring urgent endoscopy, laparotomy, or laparoscopy compared with T-PEG.
Identification of Factors Associated with Nonspecific Neck Pain in Working Women
Authors: Yadav Reetika , Kumar Pragya , Chawla Jasmine Kaur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives Neck pain is a broad term that encompasses both nonspecific neck pain and neck pain-related disorders. It causes discomfort, impaired quality of life, disability, and affects workability alike in men as well as women. This study was designed to determine prevalence and evaluate the association of different factors with the occurrence of nonspecific neck pain in working women.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on working women (n = 196) age group between 25 and 53 years. A Google Form of the Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated With Non-Specific Neck Pain scale and Neck Disability Index (NDI) scale was given to individuals and further objective assessment of physical factors was conducted.
Statistical Analysis The association between individual, workplace, lifestyle, physical and psychological factors, and NDI levels of disability was also investigated using Pearson's correlation test and the chi-squared test using SPSS version 28.0.
Results Frequency of nonspecific neck pain in working women was 47.55%. Marital status was a significant (χ2 = 8.89) factor toward occurrence of neck pain in working women. Number of working hours/week (χ2 = 19.97), number of hours spend for entertainment on the computer (χ2 = 41.84), and height of keyboard & mouse (χ2 = 18.52) were significant factors leading to neck pain at workplace. Lifestyle factors such as mobile phones usage (p-value = 0.02) and posture assumed while using them (χ2 = 19.56) were significantly associated with neck disability. Levels of disability were significantly influenced by physical factors like tragus-to-wall tests (r = 0.33) and cervical flexion and extension ranges (r = 0.41 and r = 0.31). Importantly, psychological factors were strongly associated with neck pain and disability.
Conclusion Factors under psychological, workplace, and lifestyle domains were found significantly associated with nonspecific neck pain in working women.
Opioid Maintenance Therapy: A Review of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Fipps David C. , Oesterle Tyler S. , Kolla Bhanu P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rates of opioid use and opioid related deaths are escalating in the United States. Despite this, evidence-based treatments for Opioid Use Disorder are underutilized. There are three medications FDA approved for treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone. This article reviews the history, criteria, and mechanisms associated with Opioid Use Disorder. Pertinent pharmacology considerations, treatment strategies, efficacy, safety, and challenges of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone are outlined. Lastly, a practical decision making algorithm is discussed to address pertinent psychiatric and medical comorbidities when prescribing pharmacology for Opioid Use Disorder.