bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of cyclooxygenase genes in the jejunum of horses during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Hilton Hugo , Nieto Jorge E. , Moore Peter F. , Harmon Faye A. , Naydan Diane K. , Snyder Jack R. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) genes 1 and 2 (also called prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases 1 and 2) and stability of housekeeping gene expression during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion in the jejunum of horses.
Animals—5 healthy adult horses.
Procedures—Horses were anesthetized, and two 30-cm segments of jejunum were surgically exteriorized. Blood flow was maintained at baseline (untreated) values in 1 (control) segment and was decreased to 20% of baseline (low-flow ischemia) for 75 minutes, followed by 75 minutes of reperfusion, in the other (experimental) segment. Biopsy samples were collected from experimental segments at baseline (T0), after 75 minutes of ischemia (T1), and after 75 minutes of reperfusion (T2); samples were collected from control segments at T0 and T2. Horses were euthanized 24 hours after induction of ischemia (T3), and additional samples were collected. Samples were evaluated histologically. Total RNA was extracted; expression of COX genes and stability of 8 housekeeping genes were determined via quantitative real-time PCR assays.
Results—COX-1 and COX-2 genes were constitutively expressed in baseline samples. Low-flow ischemia resulted in significant upregulation of COX-2 gene expression at each subsequent time point, compared with baseline values. The most stably expressed reference genes were β-actin and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, whereas glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and β-2 microglobulin were the least stably expressed.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Low-flow ischemia resulted in upregulation of COX-2 gene expression in the jejunum of horses. Housekeeping genes traditionally used as internal standards may not be stable in this tissue during arterial low-flow ischemia and reperfusion.
Evaluation of the use of an autologous platelet-rich fibrin membrane to enhance tendon healing in dogs
Authors: Visser Lance C. , Arnoczky Steven P. , Caballero Oscar , Gardner Keri L. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To examine effects of an autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane for enhancing healing of a defect of the patellar tendon (PT) in dogs.
Animals—8 adult dogs.
Procedures—Defects were created in the central third of the PT in both hind limbs of each dog. An autologous PRF membrane was implanted in 1 defect/dog, and the contralateral defect was left empty. Dogs (n = 4/time period) were euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, and tendon healing was assessed grossly and histologically via a semiquantitative scoring system. Cross-sectional area of the PTs was also compared.
Results—Both treated and control defects were filled with repair tissue by 4 weeks. There was no significant difference in the histologic quality of the repair tissue between control and PRF membrane—treated defects at either time point. At both time points, the cross-sectional area of PRF membrane—treated tendons was significantly greater (at least 2.5-fold as great), compared with that of sham-treated tendons. At 4 weeks, the repair tissue consisted of disorganized proliferative fibrovascular tissue originating predominantly from the fat pad. By 8 weeks, the tissue was less cellular and slightly more organized in both groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—A PRF membrane did not enhance the rate or quality of tendon healing in PT defects. However, it did increase the amount of repair tissue within and surrounding the defect. These results suggested that a PRF membrane may not be indicated for augmenting the repair of acutely injured tendons that are otherwise healthy.
Comparison of the toxic effects of two duncecap larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) chemotypes in mice and cattle
Authors: Cook Daniel , Green Benedict T. , Welch Kevin D. , Gardner Dale R. , Pfister James A. , Panter Kip E. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To compare the toxic effects of a Delphinium occidentale chemotype containing N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL)—type alkaloids and a D occidentale chemotype lacking MSAL-type alkaloids in mice and cattle.
Animals—225 male Swiss Webster mice and 11 Black Angus steers.
Procedures—4 collections of larkspur containing MSAL-type alkaloids and 4 collections of larkspur lacking MSAL-type alkaloids were used. From each collection, total alkaloid extracts (0.05 to 0.20 mL) were administered via tail-vein injection in 27 to 29 mice. Dried, finely ground plant material from 1 collection with and 1 collection without MSAL-type alkaloids (doses equivalent to 37.6 mg of total alkaloids/kg) were each administered to 8 cattle via oral gavage in a crossover experiment; 3 cattle received a single dose equivalent to 150.4 mg of total alkaloids/kg (no MSAL-type alkaloids). In mice, clinical effects were monitored; in cattle, heart rate was monitored before (baseline) and 24 hours after treatment. At the 24-hour time point, cattle were exercised as a measure of muscle weakness.
Results—In mice, mean LD50 associated with alkaloid extracts prepared from plants that did or did not contain MSAL-type alkaloids was 2.3 and 54.2 mg/kg, respectively. In cattle at 24 hours after treatment, plant material containing MSAL-type alkaloids significantly increased heart rate from baseline and was associated with exercise-induced collapse; plant material lacking MSAL-type alkaloids had no similar effects.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Taxonomic classification of D occidentale alone was not a good indicator of the toxic risk to grazing cattle.
Risk factors associated with failure of heartworm prophylaxis among members of a national hunting dog club
Authors: Rohrbach Barton W. , Odoi Agricola , Patton Sharon 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To identify practices associated with failure of heartworm prophylaxis among dog and kennel owners and dog trainers.
Design—Online survey and mail-in questionnaire.
Sample—708 members of a national hunting dog club.
Procedures—Heartworm prevention practices used by respondents that reported failure of prophylaxis were compared with practices used by respondents that reported success.
Results—Univariate analyses indicated failure of heartworm prophylaxis was inversely related to the number of dogs under a respondent's care. Year-round prophylactic practice was not significantly associated with reduced odds of failure, and efforts to control exposure to mosquitoes were similar among the comparison groups. Respondents reporting prophylaxis failure were more likely to test for heartworm infection ≥ 1 time/y, compared with those reporting success. In a multivariable analysis, residence south of the Virginia-North Carolina state line (ie, the 37th geographic parallel), testing for heartworm infection < once a year when the test was administered prior to April 1, and keeping dogs outdoors for longer periods at dusk, at dawn, or after dark were associated with increased odds of prophylaxis failure.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Veterinarians should stress the importance of annual heartworm testing 6 to 7 months after the last possible date of exposure to heartworm, regardless of whether a dog receives prophylactic treatment year-round. Reducing the number of hours dogs spend outdoors at dusk, at dawn, or after dark may reduce the odds of heartworm disease even when dogs are given preventive treatment.
Enhanced and Constant-value Transient Diffraction Efficiency from a Recorded Grating in a BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Crystal
Authors: Sharif S. M. , Ogusu K. 
Published: May 2011

A simple method has been proposed here to get an enhanced and constant-value transient diffraction efficiency for a large time scale from a recorded grating in an undoped BaTiO3 crystal. After writing a steady-state grating by two cw recording beams (λ=514.5 nm), when the recording beams are switched off, the recorded grating as well as the diffraction efficiency decreases at a faster rate initially, and thereafter reaches to almost a stationary level for some few seconds. The diffraction efficiency for this level is very small compared to that for a steady-state grating and it becomes smaller slowly with time. We can increase (about twice the initial stationary-level value) this small diffraction efficiency from its any initial value and have this value (increased) constantly for a large time scale by using a suitable backward-pulsed reading beam containing the same properties as the recording beams.Keywords: Photorefractive effect; Transient diffraction efficiency; Steady-state volume grating; Ferroelectric perovskite crystal.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.5593 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 217-224 (2011)
A Note on Pair Sum Graphs
Authors: Ponraj R. , Parthipan J. X. V. , Kala R. 
Published: May 2011

Let G be a (p,q) graph. An injective map ƒ: V (G) →{±1, ±2,...,±p} is called a pair sum labeling if the induced edge function, ƒe: E(G)→Z -{0} defined by ƒe (uv)=ƒ(u)+ƒ(v) is one-one and ƒe(E(G)) is either of the form {±k1, ±k2,…, ±kq/2} or {±k1, ±k2,…, ±k(q-1)/2} {k (q+1)/2} according as q is even or odd. Here we prove that every graph is a subgraph of a connected pair sum graph. Also we investigate the pair sum labeling of some graphs which are obtained from cycles. Finally we enumerate all pair sum graphs of order ≤ 5.Keywords: Cycle; Path; Bistar; Complete graph; Complete bipartite graph; Triangular snake.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6290 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 321-329 (2011)
Removal of Phenol in Batch Culture by Pseudomonas putida AP11, AP9, AP6 and AP7 Isolated from the Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils
Authors: Khan M. A. I. , Fakhruddin A. N. M. , Jame S. A. , Sultana M.S. , Alam M. K. 
Published: May 2011

Phenol widely used in industries, are of growing concern owing to their toxicity and wide distribution in industrial wastes. The aims of the study were to characterize some of the locally isolated bacteria and to develop suitable methods for the degradation of phenol using them. Locally isolated AP11, AP9, AP6 and AP7 were identified as Pseudomonas putida using the classical methods. Pseudomonas putida AP11 and AP9 were able to remove 600 ppm phenol completely, but Pseudomonas putida AP6 and AP7 were able to remove 400 ppm phenol completely. The maximum degradation rates for freely suspended culture of Pseudomonas putida AP11, AP9, AP6, AP7 were 10.83, 10.42, 8.33, and 8.33 (ppm/h) respectively. The isolates AP11, AP9, AP6 and AP7 can be used to wastewater containing phenol in effluent treatment systems. Keywords: Aromatic hydrocarbon; Carbon source; Contaminated soil; Phenol; Pseudomonas.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6339 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 367-374 (2011)
Investigation of the Structures and Electronic Properties of 3'-(4-(5-Oxo-5-piperidin-1-yl)-penta-1,3-dienyl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-2-yl]Thymidine through DFT Calculations
Authors: Al-Magmoy M. A. N. , Essa A. H. , Hameed A. J. 
Published: May 2011

The structural and electronic properties of 3'(4-(5-oxo-5-piperidin1-1-yl)penta-1,3-dienyl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-2-yl]-thymidine molecule have been investigated theoretically by performing density functional theory (DFT/3-21G*, 6-31G* and 6-31G**). The geometry of the molecule is optimized, and the electronic properties and relative energies of the molecules have been calculated by density functional theory in the ground state. The resultant dipole moments of the studied molecule are about 5.5, 6.36 and 7.35 Debyes by three levels (3-21G*, 6-31G* and 6-31G**, respectively). This property makes it an active molecule with its environment that is this molecule may interacts with its environment strongly in solution.Keywords: 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT); Piperine; Density functional theory (DFT); Thymidine.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6364 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 339-345 (2011)
On Complete Cone Metric Space and Fixed Point Theorem
Authors: Mehta J. , Joshi M. L. 
Published: May 2011

We prove coincidence and common fixed point theorems of four self mappings satisfying a generalized contractive type condition in complete cone metric spaces. Our results generalize some well-known recent results.Keywords: Common fixed point; Complete cone metric space; Weakly compatible maps.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6475 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 303-309 (2011)
Cytotoxicity and Cancer (HeLa) Cell Killing Efficacy of Aqueous Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Extract
Authors: Islam M. S. , Kusumoto Y. , Al-Mamun M. Abdulla 
Published: May 2011

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a herb that is used mainly as a food in many countries for its medicinal properties since ancient times. It enhances immune functions and has antibacterial, antifungal, antivirus and anticancer activities. Organosulfur compounds originating from garlic inhibit carcinogen activation. In this study we prepared aqueous garlic extract (AGE) and its in vitro application to cancer (HeLa) cell line was performed to observe the cancer cell killing efficacy. Different concentrations of AGE like 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µL per a 5-mL minimum essential medium solution were used for treatment. The results revealed that 95% cancer cells were destructed in a dose of 500 µL, whereas about 92, 87, 60, and 24% cancer cells were destructed in a dose of 400, 300, 200 or 100 µL of AGE, respectively.Keywords: Aqueous garlic extract; Cancer cells; Cytotoxicity; Anticancer activity.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6557 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 375-382 (2011)
Fiber Motion in Dusty Fluid Turbulent Flow with Two-point Correlation
Authors: Ahmed S. F. , Sarker M. S. A. 
Published: May 2011

The equation of fiber motion in dusty fluid turbulent flow has been derived in terms of correlation tensors of second order. In presence of dust particles, mathematical modeling of fiber suspensions in the turbulent flow is discussed including the correlation between the pressure fluctuations and velocity fluctuations at two points of the flow field, where the correlation tensors are the functions of space coordinates, distance between two points and the time.Keywords: Fiber motion; Dusty fluid; Turbulent flow; Correlation.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6624 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 283-290 (2011)
Stability Assessment of Cephradine Suspension Formulated in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultan M. Z. , Mazid M. A. , Rashid M. A. 
Published: May 2011

Cephradine, one of the commonly used and widely prescribed antibiotics in Bangladesh, is usually formulated in the dosage forms of capsule, dry suspension and IV injection. The dry-suspension is instructed to re-disperse in pre-boiled cooled water before use. A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) has been developed for determination of cephradine in pharmaceutical preparation. To study the stability of cephradine suspension formulated by Bangladeshi manufacturers in aqueous medium and buffer of different pHs at room temperature, a simple and rapid chromatographic method was developed using acetonitrile and monobasic sodium phosphate buffer as mobile phase in the ratio of 15:85 (v/v) over C-8 bonded silica at ambient temperature using a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The study revealed that the potency of cephradine suspension was almost stable at room temperature up to 13 days in aqueous medium at pH between 4 and 5.Keywords: Cephradine; Suspension; HPLC; Potency; pH.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7024 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 383-391 (2011)
On the Trace of a Permuting Tri-additive Mapping in Left s<sub>&gamma;</sub>-unital &Gamma;-rings
Authors: Dey K. K. , Paul A. C. 
Published: May 2011

Let M be 2 and 3 torsion-free left sΓ-unital Γ-rings. Let D: M ×M ×M ® M be a permuting tri-additive mapping with the trace d(x) = D(x,x,x). Let σ: M ® M be an endomorphism and τ: M ® M an epimorphism. The objective of this paper is to prove the following: a) If d is (σ,τ)-skew commuting on M, then D = 0; b) If d is (τ,τ)-skew-centralizing on M, then d is (τ,τ)-commuting on M; c) If d is 2-(σ,τ)-commuting on M, then d is (σ,τ)-commuting on M.Keywords: Permuting tri-additive mappings; Skew-commuting mappings; Skew-centralizing mappings; Commuting mappings.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7278 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 331-337 (2011)
Clinical Course and Outcomes of Single-Organism Enterococcus Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Yip Terence , Tse Kai-Chung , Ng Flora , Hung Ivan , Lam Man-Fai , Tang Sydney , Lui Sing-Leung , Lai Kar-Neng , Chan Tak-Mao , Lo Wai-Kei 
Published: May 2011

Background and Objectives Enterococci are part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract. They can cause enteric peritonitis, which is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the clinical course and outcome of PD-related Enterococcus peritonitis remains unclear. Methods We reviewed all Enterococcus peritonitis episodes occurring in our dialysis unit from 1995 to 2009. Results During the study period, 1421 episodes of peritonitis were recorded. Of 29 episodes (2.0%) that were attributable to single-organism Enterococcus, 12 episodes were caused by E. faecalis; 9, by E. faecium; and the remaining 8, by other Enterococcus species. The overall rate of ampicillin resistance was 41.4%. Recent use of antibiotics was associated with the development of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus (ARE) peritonitis (hazard ratio: 12.53; p = 0.04). The primary response rate of Enterococcus peritonitis was significantly higher than that of Escherichia coli peritonitis (89.7% vs. 69.9%, p = 0.038), but the primary response rate was not significantly lower for ARE peritonitis than for ampicillin-susceptible Enterococcus (ASE) peritonitis (83.3% vs. 94.1%, p = 0.553). However, significantly more patients with ARE had received vancomycin (83.3% vs. 23.5%, p = 0.003), with a longer mean duration of vancomycin treatment (11.8 ± 6.9 days vs. 3.7 ± 6.8 days, p = 0.005). Conclusions Recent use of antibiotics was a risk factor for the development of ARE peritonitis. Outcomes in ASE and ARE peritonitis were similar, but vancomycin was required during treatment for ARE peritonitis, in turn possibly predisposing the patients to infections caused by vancomycin-resistant organisms.
Presence of Peripheral Arterial Disease Predicts Loss of Residual Renal Function in Incident CAPD Patients
Authors: Tian Shun-li , Tian Xin-kui , Han Qing-feng , Axelsson Jonas , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2011

Background Accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD), including peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is very common in patients with end-stage renal disease. Residual renal function (RRF) is a strong predictor of patient survival that is suggested to be linked to the degree of CVD. However, the relationship between PAD and decline in RRF has not previously been measured. Methods We studied incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients from Peking University Third Hospital. An ankle brachial index of less than 0.9 was used to diagnose PAD. Residual renal function (RRF) was determined as the mean of 24-hour urea and creatinine clearances (glomerular filtration rate). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors predicting loss of RRF. Results The study included 86 patients (age: 61 ± 14 years; men: 51%), 23 of whom had PAD at baseline. Mean follow-up was 19 months (median: 18 months; range: 6 – 30 months). In univariate analysis, baseline PAD, peritonitis during follow-up, inflammation (C-reactive protein), serum uric acid, CaxP, and serum phosphate were all significantly associated with a greater-than-50% decrease in RRF during follow-up. In multivariate analysis, only baseline PAD, CaxP, and peritonitis were independently associated with a decline in RRF. Conclusions Our study suggests that PAD may be a clinically important marker of CVD predicting the loss of RRF. It remains to be determined whether interventions aimed at decreasing PAD may also improve renal vascular status and thus slow the rate of RRF decline.
Lopinavir Up-Regulates Expression of the Antiviral Protein Ribonuclease L in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Cervical Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Batman Gavin , Oliver Anthony W , Zehbe Ingeborg , Richard Christina , Hampson Lynne , Hampson Ian N 
Published: May 2011

Background We have previously shown that the HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir has selective toxicity against human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cervical carcinoma cells via an unknown mechanism. Methods SiHa cervical carcinoma cells were stably transfected with the proteasome sensor vector pZsPro-Sensor-1 to confirm lopinavir inhibits the proteasome in these cells. The Panorama Xpress profiler 725 antibody array was then used to analyse specific changes in protein expression in lopinavir-treated versus control untreated SiHa cells followed by PCR and western blotting. Colorimetric growth assays of lopinavir-treated E6/E7 immortalised versus control human keratino-cytes were performed. Targeted small interfering RNA gene silencing followed by growth assay comparison of lopinavir- treated/untreated SiHa cells was also used. Results Lopinavir induced an increase in the fluorescence of pZsProSensor-1 transfected SiHa cells, indicative of proteasomal inhibition. Ribonuclease L (RNASEL) protein was shown to be up-regulated in lopinavir-treated SiHa cells, which was confirmed by PCR and western blot. Targeted silencing of RNASEL reduced the sensitivity of SiHa cells to lopinavir. Selective toxicity against E6/E7 immortalised keratinocytes versus control cells was also seen with lopinavir and was associated with up-regulated RNASEL expression. Conclusions These data are consistent with the toxicity of lopinavir against HPV-positive cervical carcinoma cells being related to its ability to block viral proteasome activation and induce an up-regulation of the antiviral protein RNASEL. This is supported by the drug's selective toxicity and up-regulation of RNASEL in E6/E7 immortalised keratinocytes combined with the increased resistance to lopinavir observed in SiHa cells following silencing of RNASEL gene expression.
Se laisser surprendre
Authors: Aubray Marie-Christine 
Published: May 2011

Résumé L’analyste, confronté à des butées transféro-contre-transférentielles, au sein de cures avec des adolescents en grandes difficultés de subjectivation, peut être amené à aménager le cadre de la thérapie en recevant ponctuellement les parents avec leur adolescent. Dans cet espace pluri-dimensionnel, il s’ouvrirait à la possibilité d’être « surpris », transformé dans son fonctionnement psychique en vue d’une relance de sa fonction subjectalisante auprès de l’adolescent.
L'apprentissage du vide
Authors: Charpy Manuel 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Cet article observe le devenir des échoppes dans le Paris de la première moitié du xix e siècle. Il tente de comprendre ce que ces constructions en apparence précaires révèlent des usages populaires de la rue et de ce qui décide de leurs disparitions. Cet article cherche ainsi à comprendre comment, avant que n’adviennent les grands travaux, les usages commerciaux de la ville sont réformés et comment l’espace public est conçu puis produit comme un espace vide composé soit de monuments arrachés au quotidien, soit des circulations de marchandises et de chalands.