bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Vibrational Spectrum of 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium Hexachloridoniobate(V) and Oxidotetrachloridoniobate(V) Acetonitrile, [TPT][NbCl6] and [TPT][NbOCl4(CH3CN)]
Authors: Gjikaj Mimoza , Xie Tao , Brockner Wolfgang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSingle crystals of 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium hexachloridoniobate(V) [TPT][NbCl6] (1) and of 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium oxidotetrachloridoniobate(V) [TPT][NbOCl4(CH3CN)] (2) could be obtained and their crystal structures were determined. The structure of 1 is isotypic to that of the recently characterized [TPT][SbCl6] and built up by [TPT]+ and octahedral [NbCl6]– ions. The ionic compound 2 contains [TPT]+ and [NbOCl4(CH3CN)]– ions. The nitrogen atom of the acetonitrile solvate molecule is coordinated to the niobium ion in the trans‐position to the oxido ligand. The Nb–O bond length of 169.6 pm corresponds to a double bond. The [TPT][NbOCl4(CH3CN)] formation obviously proceeds via NbOCl3 with the hydrate [TPT]Cl·H2O. The FT‐Raman and FT‐IR/FIR spectra of both compounds were recorded and interpreted, especially with respect to the inorganic structure parts. The melting temperatures of 1 and 2 are given.
A Comparative Study on the Structural and Chemical Properties of Group 13–15 Element Addition Compounds tBu2PH·EX3 (E = B, Al, Ga, In; X = Cl, Br)
Authors: Dornhaus Franz , Scholz Stefan , Sänger Inge , Bolte Michael , Wagner Matthias , Lerner Hans‐Wolfram 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe group 13–15 element addition compounds tBu2PH·EX3 (E = B, Al, Ga, In; X = Cl, Br) are accessible from the reaction of tBu2PH with the triel halides EX3 (E = B, Al, Ga, In; X = Cl, Br) at room temperature. The crystal structures of the group 13–15 element addition compounds tBu2PH·BBr3 (monoclinic, P21/c) and tBu2PH·EBr3 (E = B, Al, Ga, In) (monoclinic, P21/n) are described. When the addition compound tBu2PH·BBr3 was treated with one equivalent of LiN(SiMe3)2, the reaction led to the formation of the cyclophosphinoborane (tBu2PBBr2)2. The structure of (tBu2PBBr2)2 (monoclinic, C2/m) displays a four‐membered P2B2 ring whereas the cyclophosphinoalane (Ph2PAlMe2)3 which was obtained from Ph2PH and AlMe3 has a six‐membered P3Al3 ring structure (monoclinic, P21/c). In addition, we report the result of the X‐ray structure analysis of the oxidation product of tBu2PH·BBr3, the phosphane oxide adduct tBu2PHO·GaBr3 (orthorhombic, Pnma) and of the phosphonium salt [tBu2PH2]+[GaBr4]– (monoclinic, P21/n).
Two Tricyclic Polychalcogenides in [Li(12‐crown‐4)2]2[Sb2Se12] and [Li(12‐crown‐4)2]4[Te12]·(12‐crown‐4)2
Authors: Feldmann Claus , Okrut Alexander 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe novel tricyclic polychalcogenide anions [Sb2Se12]2– and [Te12]4– were obtained by reduction of elemental selenium and tellurium with Li3Sb and subsequent crystallization with the crown ether 12‐crown‐4 in ethylenediamine. According to single‐crystal structure analysis, [Li(12‐crown‐4)2]2[Sb2Se12] consists of two six‐membered (Se5Sb)‐rings that are connected via a central (Sb2Se2)‐ring. [Li(12‐crown‐4)2]4[Te12](12‐crown‐4)2 contains the tricyclic [Te12]4– anion, consisting of two four‐membered tellurium rings and a central Te8‐ring. EDX analysis proves that the latter compound does not contain antimony.
Structure and Magnetism of two Polynuclear Complexes Containing both Macrocyclic and Azido Ligands
Authors: Sun Ya‐Qiu , Gao Dong‐Zhao , Ma Yue , Yang Guang‐Ming , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Yan Shi‐Ping 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe two complexes of formula [Cu2(CuL)2(μ‐N3)4]·2CH3OH (1) and [Cu2(NiL)2(μ‐N3)4]·2CH3OH (2) (CuL and NiL, H2L = 2,3‐dioxo‐5,6,14,15‐dibenzo‐1,4,8,12‐tetraazacyclo‐pentadeca‐7,13‐dien), were synthesized and structurally determined. The magnetic susceptibility data of 1 and 2 were analyzed. For complex 1, magnetic measurements show alternating ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange couplings J1 = 23.67 cm–1, J2 = –189.11 cm–1, zJ’ = –0.62 cm–1. For complex 2, the doubly bridged asymmetric EO promotes a ferromagnetic interaction between CuII and CuII ions(J = 40.764 cm–1).
Hydrated Alkali Metal and Ammonium Salts of the [P2Se6]4– Anion
Authors: Rothenberger Alexander , Malliakas Christos D. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe synthesis and structures of the five new compounds [Na4(P2Se6)(H2O)6], [M4(P2Se6)(H2O)4] (M = K, Rb, Cs) and [(NH4)4(P2Se6)(H2O)2] are reported. The salts were obtained from reactions of metal carbonates with P4Se10 in water and in ambient atmosphere. During the heterogeneous reactions, the selenophosphate salts, CO2 and elemental selenium is formed together with the [P2O6]4– ion and most likely other phosphate/selenophosphate derivatives. The ethane‐like [P2Se6]4– anion was characterized in solution by 31P NMR spectroscopy showing an ABX pattern.
Die Suboxometallate A9MO4 (A = Rb, Cs; M = Al, Ga, In, Fe, Sc)
Authors: Hoch Constantin , Bender Johannes , Wohlfarth Andreas , Simon Arndt 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSingle crystals of the suboxometallates A9MO4 (A = Rb, Cs;M = Al, Ga, Fe, Sc) were prepared by reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of M2O3 with alkali metals and their oxides A2O. They crystallize in the tetragonal Cs9InO4 structure type (space group I4/mcm) and contain ortho‐oxometallate(III) anions in a metallic matrix. Cesium can be partially substituted by rubidium, as shown for phases of arbitrary compositions (RbxCs1–x)Cs8GaO4 (x = 0.57) and (RbxCs1–x)Cs8InO4 (x = 0.87). The substitution leads to statistical occupation of one crystallographic position. The same holds for substitutions of M, as in Cs9(AlxIn1–x)O4 (x = 0.51) and Cs9(ScxIn1–x)O4 (x = 0.68).
The Layered Iron Arsenide Oxides Sr2CrO3FeAs and Ba2ScO3FeAs
Authors: Tegel Marcus , Hummel Franziska , Lackner Sebastian , Schellenberg Inga , Pöttgen Rainer , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe iron arsenide oxides Sr2CrO3FeAs and Ba2ScO3FeAs were synthesized by high temperature solid state reactions and their crystal structures determined by the X‐ray powder diffraction. Their structures are tetragonal (P4/nmm; Sr2CrO3FeAs: a = 391.12(1) pm, c = 1579.05(3) pm; Ba2ScO3FeAs: a = 412.66(5) pm, c = 1680.0(2) pm, Z = 2) and isotypic to Sr2GaO3CuS. Iron arsenide layers are sandwiched between perowskite‐like metal oxide layers and separated by ~1600 pm, which is much larger than the ZrCuSiAs‐type ‘1111’ iron arsenide superconductors. The bond lengths and angles within the FeAs layers are adapted to the space requirements of the oxide blocks. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and temperature‐dependent crystal structure show no hint for a structural phase transition or magnetic anomaly in both compounds. Sr2CrO3FeAs shows Curie–Weiss paramagnetism above 160 K with an effective magnetic moment of 3.83(3) μB in good agreement with the theoretical value of 3.87 μB for Cr3+ (S = 3/2). Antiferromagnetic ordering was detected below TN ~ 31 K. 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of Sr2CrO3FeAs show one single signal that broadens below the Néel temperature due to a small transferred hyperfine field induced by the magnetic ordering of the chromium atoms. 57Fe‐Mössbauer spectra of Ba2ScO3FeAs show single signals which are only subject to weak quadrupole splitting.
α‐Cd13–xSb10 – The Devil is in the Details
Authors: Ponou Simeon , Lidin Sven 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA detailed study of the structure of α‐Cd13Sb10 was performed using a high quality single crystal obtained from a cadmium‐rich melt. The study clearly shows that this sample is cadmium‐deficient, and should more properly be labelled α‐Cd13–xSb10, but whether this is true in general for this phase, or if it is an effect of the precise conditions of synthesis remains unclear. Like for the similar zinc based compound, small differences in the cadmium (zinc) content may be crucial in determining the electronic transport properties of the material.
Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structure of a Samarium Carbochromate(III), Sm2[Cr2C3]
Authors: Davaasuren Bambar , Dashjav Enkhtsetseg , Kerkau Alexander , Kreiner Guido , Schnelle Walter , Wagner Frank R. , Kniep Rüdiger 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCarbochromates RE2[Cr2C3] (RE = Y, Gd – Lu) form an isotypic series crystallizing with the Ho2[Cr2C3] structure type. Here, we report on a new member of this series: Sm2[Cr2C3] (C2/m, a = 1054.4(1) pm, b = 346.8(1) pm, c = 568.9(1) pm, β = 105.57(1)°, V = 200.4(1) ·106 nm3, Z = 2). The samarium compound was prepared by high temperature reaction of a mixture of the elements in nominal molar amounts. Rietveld refinements of the X‐ray powder diffraction data converged to residuals of Rp = 0.007 and Rwp = 0.010. In the crystal structure, chromium is tetrahedrally coordinated by four carbon ligands forming polyanionic layers ∞2[(Cr2C3)6–], alternating with layers of Sm3+ ions along [100]. Sm2[Cr2C3] was further characterized by metallographic analysis, WDXS and magnetic susceptibility data. Chemical bonding analyses using the COHP method on the basis of LMTO‐ASA calculations justify Sm2[Cr2C3] to be best described as a carbochromate(III). The stability of the Ho2[Cr2C3] structure type for Sm2[Cr2C3] in comparison with the closely related Er2[Mo2C3] and Pr2[Mo2C3] structure type structure is confirmed by total energy calculations using the PAW method.
Apparently Regular Octahedral Coordination of Ag(II) in IF6[Ag(SbF6)3]
Authors: Mazej Zoran , Goreshnik Evgeny , Arčon Iztok , Zabukovec Logar Nataša , Kaučič Venčeslav 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe crystal structure of IF6[Ag(SbF6)3] has been determined by X‐ray single crystal and X‐ray powder diffraction analysis. The structure consists from [Ag(SbF6)3]– chains and [IF6]+ cations placed between them. Ag2+ is found in regular octahedral coordination of six fluorine atoms [Ag–F = 6 × 2.170(12) Å]. EXAFS analysis of Jahn–Teller distortions in IF6[Ag(SbF6)3] shows that Ag2+ surrounding is elongated octahedral at room temperature. EXAFS signals are fitted with four short and two long Ag–F distances [4 × 2.11(1) Å; 2 × 2.40(2) Å]. This result is in apparent contradiction with X‐ray diffraction studies where the [AgF6] moiety appears to be a regular octahedra. The Raman spectrum of IF6[Ag(SbF6)3] is in agreement with the presence of regular IF6 and deformed SbF6 groups.
Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Located in the Caudate Lobe
Authors: Sakoda Masahiko , Ueno Shinichi , Kubo Fumitake , Hiwatashi Kiyokazu , Tateno Taro , Kurahara Hiroshi , Mataki Yuukou , Shinchi Hiroyuki , Natsugoe Shoji 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundSurgery remains difficult for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating in the caudate lobe. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and problems associated with caudate lobectomy combined with other types of hepatectomy.MethodsWe performed caudate resection for HCC in 12 patients. Clinical and operative characteristics and survival were analyzed.ResultsTumors were located in the Spiegel lobe in three patients, the caudate process in six, and the paracaval portion in three. The procedure performed most was isolated partial caudate lobe resection (six patients). Three patients underwent partial caudate lobe resection combined with other hepatectomy, and the remainder underwent total caudate lobe resection combined with other hepatectomy. Tumors of the patients who underwent combined total caudate lobe resection were mainly in the paracaval portion. The median operating time for the six patients who underwent combined resection was 400 min, and their median intraoperative blood loss was 1,683 ml. There were no postoperative complications in patients who underwent combined total caudate lobe resection, except one case of total resection combined with central bisegmentectomy. In that case, the remaining right posterior sector was twisted after liver extraction, causing blockage of the outflow of the right hepatic vein. The overall and recurrence‐free survival rates did not differ between the isolated and combined resection groups.ConclusionsFor removal of HCC located in the caudate lobe, especially the paracaval portion, partial or total caudate lobe resection with other types of hepatectomy contributes to safe, curative surgery if the liver functional reserve and complications associated with surgery are well understood.
Stiffness in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Schiavone Panni Alfredo , Cerciello Simone , Vasso Michele , Tartarone Mario 
Published: July 2009

AbstractStiffness is a relatively uncommon complication after total knee arthroplasty. It has been defined as a painful limitation in the range of movement (ROM). Its pathogenesis is still unclear even if some risk factors have been identified. Patient-related conditions may be difficult to treat. Preoperative ROM is the most important risk factor, but an association with diabetes, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and general pathologies such as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis has been demonstrated. Moreover, previous surgery may be an additional cause of an ROM limitation. Postoperative factors include infections, arthrofibrosis, heterotrophic ossifications, and incorrect rehabilitation protocol. Infections represent a challenging problem for the orthopaedic surgeon, and treatment may require long periods of antibiotics administration. However, it is widely accepted that an aggressive rehabilitation protocol is mandatory for a proper ROM recovery and to avoid the onset of arthrofibrosis and heterotrophic ossifications. Finally, surgery-related factors represent the most common cause of stiffness; they include errors in soft-tissue balancing, component malpositioning, and incorrect component sizing. Although closed manipulation, arthroscopic and open arthrolysis have been proposed, they may lead to unpredictable results and incomplete ROM recovery. Revision surgery must be proposed in the case of well-documented surgical errors. These operations are technically demanding and may be associated with high risk of complications; therefore they should be accurately planned and properly performed.
Medical conditions in autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Bolton Patrick F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviourally defined syndrome where the etiology and pathophysiology is only partially understood. In a small proportion of children with the condition, a specific medical disorder is identified, but the causal significance in many instances is unclear. Currently, the medical conditions that are best established as probable causes of ASD include Fragile X syndrome, Tuberous Sclerosis and abnormalities of chromosome 15 involving the 15q11-13 region. Various other single gene mutations, genetic syndromes, chromosomal abnormalities and rare de novo copy number variants have been reported as being possibly implicated in etiology, as have several ante and post natal exposures and complications. However, in most instances the evidence base for an association with ASD is very limited and largely derives from case reports or findings from small, highly selected and uncontrolled case series. Not only therefore, is there uncertainty over whether the condition is associated, but the potential basis for the association is very poorly understood. In some cases the medical condition may be a consequence of autism or simply represent an associated feature deriving from an underlying shared etiology. Nevertheless, it is clear that in a growing proportion of individuals potentially causal medical conditions are being identified and clarification of their role in etio-pathogenesis is necessary. Indeed, investigations into the causal mechanisms underlying the association between conditions such as tuberous sclerosis, Fragile X and chromosome 15 abnormalities are beginning to cast light on the molecular and neurobiological pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. It is evident therefore, that much can be learnt from the study of probably causal medical disorders as they represent simpler and more tractable model systems in which to investigate causal mechanisms. Recent advances in genetics, molecular and systems biology and neuroscience now mean that there are unparalleled opportunities to test causal hypotheses and gain fundamental insights into the nature of autism and its development.
Marine Two‐Headed Sphingolipid‐Like Compound Rhizochalin Inhibits EGF‐Induced Transformation of JB6 P+ Cl41 Cells
Authors: Fedorov Sergey N. , Makarieva Tatyana N. , Guzii Alla G. , Shubina Larisa K. , Kwak Jong Y. , Stonik Valentin A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractRhizochalin [(2R,3R,26R,27R)‐2,27‐diamino‐3‐hydroxy‐26‐[(2R,3R,4S,6R)‐3,4,5‐trihydroxy‐6‐(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yloxy]octacosan‐11‐one], an antimicrobial and cytotoxic marine two‐headed sphingolipid‐like natural product, isolated from the sponge Rhizochalina incrustata, and some related compounds were studied as anticarcinogenic and proapoptotic agents. The corresponding effects were tested on the mouse skin epidermal JB6 P+ Cl 41 cell line, its stable transfectants, THP‐1, HeLa, and SNU‐C4 human tumor cells using a variety of assessments, including cell viability (MTS), flow cytometry, anchorage‐independent soft agar, and luciferase assays. At 5–10 μM concentrations, rhizochalin was effective as an inhibitor of the malignant transformation of JB6 P+ Cl 41 cells or colony formation of human tumor cells, which exerted its action, at least in part, through the induction of p53‐dependent apoptosis. Structure–activity relationship study showed aglycon of rhizochalin to be the most active while peracetylated aglycon was the least active among the compounds studied.
Docosahexaenoic Acid Activates Some SREBP‐2 Targets Independent of Cholesterol and ER Stress in SW620 Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Størvold Gro Leite , Fleten Karianne Giller , Olsen Cathrine Goberg , Follestad Turid , Krokan Hans Einar , Schønberg Svanhild Arentz 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe SREBP‐2 transcription factor is mainly activated by low cellular cholesterol levels. However, other factors may also cause SREBP‐2 activation. We have previously demonstrated activation of SREBP‐2 by the polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in SW620 colon cancer cells. Despite activation of SREBP‐2, only a few target genes were induced and cholesterol biosynthesis was reduced. In the present study, gene expression analysis at early time points verified the previously observed SREBP‐2 target gene expression pattern. Activation of SREBP‐2 using siRNAs targeting Niemann Pick C1 protein (NPC1) led to increased expression of all SREBP target genes examined, indicating that activation of some SREBP‐2 target genes is inhibited during DHA‐treatment. Cholesterol supplementation during DHA treatment did not abolish SREBP‐2 activation. We also demonstrate that activation of SREBP‐2 is independent of ER stress and eIF2α phosphorylation, which we have previously observed in DHA‐treated cells. Thapsigargin‐induced ER stress repressed expression of SREBP‐2 target genes, but with a different pattern than observed in DHA‐treated cells. Moreover, oleic acid (OA) treatment, which does not induce ER stress in SW620 cells, led to activation of SREBP‐2 and induced a target gene expression pattern similar to that of DHA‐treated cells. These results indicate that DHA and OA may activate SREBP‐2 and inhibit activation of SREBP‐2 target genes through a mechanism independent of cholesterol level and ER stress.
Mirror foot: Treatment of three cases and review of the literature
Authors: Fukazawa Hodaka , Kawabata Hidehiko , Matsui Yoshito 
Published: July 2009

Purpose To describe three cases of mirror foot and to develop a new classification of the mirror feet with an emphasis on their treatment. Methods Surgical treatment was performed on three patients with mirror foot. Mirror feet in the English literature were surveyed and cases found in PubMed as well as our three cases were classified according to a new classification that was an analogy of the mirror hand classification proposed by Al-Qattan et al. (J Hand Surg Br 23:534–536, 1998). Results All three cases obtained satisfactory outcome after the treatment. In addition to these cases, 28 mirror feet were well described in the English literature, among which only seven cases have been documented for their treatment. All of the cases could be assigned to one of the categories of the proposed classification. Conclusion Mirror foot is a very rare congenital deformity of the foot. We successfully treated three novel cases of mirror feet. A classification of the mirror feet proposed in this article was useful in order to understand its nature and obtain a guideline for its treatment.
DIAGRAMS OF AN ABELIAN GROUP
Authors: FATICONI THEODORE G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we characterize quadratic number fields possessing unique factorization in terms of the power cancellation property of torsion-free rank-two abelian groups, in terms of Σ-unique decomposition, in terms of a pair of point set topological properties of Eilenberg–Mac Lane spaces, and in terms of the sequence of rational primes. We give a complete set of topological invariants of abelian groups, we characterize those abelian groups that have the power cancellation property in the category of abelian groups, and we characterize those abelian groups that have Σ-unique decomposition. Our methods can be used to characterize any direct sum decomposition property of an abelian group.
LIFTING PUZZLES IN DEGREE FOUR
Authors: POOR CRIS , RYAN NATHAN C. , YUEN DAVID S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe identify the majority of Siegel modular eigenforms in degree four and weights up to 16 as being Duke–Imamoḡlu–Ikeda or Miyawaki–Ikeda lifts. We give two examples of eigenforms that are probably also lifts but of an undiscovered type.
Sudden deafness in a patient with secondary syphilis
Authors: Ibrahim F W , Malu M K 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives:To emphasise the importance of considering a diagnosis of early acquired syphilis in all sexually active adults, and to review the ENT manifestations and treatment of acquired syphilis.Case report:A 24-year-old woman presented with sudden hearing loss, and subsequently developed clinical features suggestive of secondary syphilis. She was seen in the departments of ENT, dermatology, rheumatology and infectious diseases before a correct diagnosis was made. Treatment resulted in only partial recovery of hearing.Conclusions:With the exponential rise in syphilis cases in the UK, there has been a re-emergence of presenting manifestations that had previously become rare. Early syphilis should be considered in all sexually active adults who present with deafness, as prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for maximum recovery.