bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Criteria for Reporting Study Quality for Sudden Cardiac Arrest/Death Tool
Authors: Edwards Jamie J. , Compton Claire , Chatrath Nikhil , Petek Bradley J. , Baggish Aaron , Börjesson Mats , Chung Eugene , Corrado Domenico , Drezner Jonathan A. , Gati Sabiha , Gray Belinda , Kim Jonathan , La Gerche Andre , Malhotra Aneil , Marijon Eloi , Papadakis Michael , Pelliccia Antonio , Phelan Dermot , Semsarian Chris , Sharma Sanjay , Sharma Rajan , O'Driscoll Jamie M. , Harmon Kimberly G. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Studies reporting on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and/or death (SCA/D) in athletes commonly lack methodological and reporting rigor, which has implications for screening and preventative policy in sport. To date, there are no tools designed for assessing study quality in studies investigating the incidence of SCA/D in athletes.

Methods and Results
The International Criteria for Reporting Study Quality for Sudden Cardiac Arrest/Death tool (IQ‐SCA/D) was developed following a Delphi process. Sixteen international experts in sports cardiology were identified and invited. Experts voted on each domain with subsequent moderated discussion for successive rounds until consensus was reached for a final tool. Interobserver agreement between a novice, intermediate, and expert observer was then assessed from the scoring of 22 relevant studies using weighted and unweighted κ analyses. The final IQ‐SCA/D tool comprises 8 domains with a summated score of a possible 22. Studies are categorized as low, intermediate, and high quality with summated IQ‐SCA/D scores of ≤11, 12 to 16, and ≥17, respectively. Interrater agreement was “substantial” between all 3 observers for summated IQ‐SCA/D scores and study categorization.

Conclusions
The IQ‐SCA/D is an expert consensus tool for assessing the study quality of research reporting the incidence of SCA/D in athletes. This tool may be used to assist researchers, reviewers, journal editors, and readers in contextualizing the methodological quality of different studies with varying athlete SCA/D incidence estimates. Importantly, the IQ‐SCA/D also provides an expert‐informed framework to support and guide appropriate design and reporting practices in future SCA/D incidence trials.
Anonymous Gamete Donation: a Case for Balancing Under Article 8 ECHR
Authors: Valc Jakub 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Anonymous gamete donation creates a specific conflict between human rights and public interests under Article 8 of the ECHR. This was first assessed in the ECtHR’s landmark decision in Gauvin-Fournis and Silliau v. France of 7 September 2023. This article critically analyses this judgment, taking into account the European legal framework for anonymous gamete donation, the recommendations of the competent authorities and the previous case law of the ECtHR on the right to know one’s biological origin as an integral part of one’s identity that is protected under the right to private and family life.
A Quantile-Conserving Ensemble Filter Framework. Part III: Data Assimilation for Mixed Distributions with Application to a Low-Order Tracer Advection Model
Authors: Anderson Jeffrey , Riedel Chris , Wieringa Molly , Ishraque Fairuz , Smith Marlee , Kershaw Helen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The uncertainty associated with many observed and modeled quantities of interest in Earth system prediction can be represented by mixed probability distributions that are neither discrete nor continuous. For instance, a forecast probability of precipitation can have a finite probability of zero precipitation, consistent with a discrete distribution. However, nonzero values are not discrete and are represented by a continuous distribution; the same is true for rainfall rate. Other examples include snow depth, sea ice concentration, the amount of a tracer, or the source rate of a tracer. Some Earth system model parameters may also have discrete or mixed distributions. Most ensemble data assimilation methods do not explicitly consider the possibility of mixed distributions. The quantile-conserving ensemble filter framework is extended to explicitly deal with discrete or mixed distributions. An example is given using bounded normal rank histogram probability distributions applied to observing system simulation experiments in a low-order tracer advection model. Analyses of tracer concentration and tracer source are shown to be improved when using the extended methods. A key feature of the resulting ensembles is that there can be ensemble members with duplicate values. An extension of the rank histogram diagnostic method to deal with potential duplicates shows that the ensemble distributions from the extended assimilation methods are more consistent with the truth.

Significance Statement
Data assimilation is a statistical method that is used to combine information from computer forecasts with measurements of the Earth system. The result is a better estimate of what is occurring in the physical system. As an example, data assimilation is used for making weather predictions. Some Earth system quantities, like precipitation, have special values that can occur very frequently. For instance, zero rainfall is quite common, while any other specific amount of rainfall, say, 0.42 in., is unusual. New data assimilation tools that work well for quantities like this are introduced and should lead to better estimates and predictions of the Earth system.
Body surface area is positively associated with ankle-brachial index
Authors: Palmu Samuel , Kautiainen Hannu , Eriksson Johan G. , Hakovirta Harri , Korhonen Päivi E. 
Published: May 2024

Background Ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement is a widely used diagnostic test for lower extremity artery disease. Previously, a larger body surface area (BSA) has been associated with lower blood pressure and lower 2-h post-load glucose concentrations in the oral glucose tolerance test. Our aim was to evaluate whether BSA has an impact on ABI and the prevalence of lower ABI values. Methods ABI measurements were performed on 972 subjects aged 45 to 70 years at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Subjects with previously diagnosed kidney disease, CVD, and diabetes were excluded. Their BSA was calculated by the Mosteller formula. Study subjects were divided into ﬁve BSA levels corresponding to 12.5th, 25th, 25th, 25th, and 12.5th percentiles of the total distribution. Effect modification by BSA in ABI between sexes was derived from a four-knot restricted cubic splines regression model. Results After adjustments for age, sex, pulse pressure, glucose regulation, waist circumference, alcohol intake, smoking status, leisure-time physical activity and medication, BSA level had a positive linear relationship with ABI ( p for linearity <0.001). When BSA was less than 2.0 m2, there was no difference between the sexes, but when BSA was higher than 2.0 m2, men had higher ABI. Conclusion BSA shows a positive linear relationship with ABI in CVD risk subjects without manifested CVD. The difference in ABI between men and women is modified by BSA and is appreciable when BSA is larger than 2.0 m2.
Effect of Extended Prone Positioning in Intubated COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kang Hanyujie , Subinuer Keyimu , Tong Zhaohui 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The prone positioning (PP) strategy has been considered as a feasible treatment for intubated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the optimal duration of PP remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of extended PP (EPP) on patients with ARDS due to COVID-19. Materials and methods: The Cochrane Library databases, Embase, and Pubmed were systematically searched from inception until September 21, 2023. The primary outcomes were the mortality and the change of PaO2:FiO2 ratio; the secondary outcome was the incidence of complications (pressure injuries, facial edema, loss of endotracheal tube, loss of vascular access, etc). The random effects model was used to analyze the data. Results: Eight studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. All studies had a low risk of bias. Compared to the standard prone position group, EPP could improve the PaO2:FiO2 ratio (mean deviation [MD], 9.13; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.29-17.96; P = .04; χ2 = 1.12, I2 = 0%). No significant difference was found in the mortality (odds ratios [OR] 0.90; 95% CI 0.67-1.22; P = .49; χ2 = 5, I2 = 0%). However, patients treated with the EPP were associated with an increasing incidence rate of pressure injuries (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.08-2.01; P = .01; χ2 = 4.37, I2 = 0%) compared to standard care. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the EPP could be an effective strategy to improve the PaO2:FiO2 ratio without detrimental effects on mortality in intubated patients with COVID-19. Given the limited number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), further high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the results. INPLASY registration number INPLASY202390072
Greater Apathy Associated With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Schade Rachel N. , Etheridge Connor B. , Kenney Lauren E. , Ratajska Adrianna M. , Rodriguez Katie , Lopez Francesca V. , Gertler Joshua , Ray Alyssa , Santos Lauren , Hess Christopher , Bowers Dawn 
Published: May 2024

Objective Apathy, a motivational disorder, is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and often misdiagnosed as depression. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) has been associated with increased apathy in adolescents and adults with depression. Based on observations that serotonin may downregulate dopaminergic systems, we examined the relationship between apathy and SSRI use in individuals with PD. Methods Medications, mood/motivation scales, and clinical data were collected from a convenience sample of 400 individuals with PD. Depression and apathy were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-Il) and the Apathy Scale (AS). Antidepressant medications were grouped by mechanism type. Results Of the 400 PD patients, 26% were on SSRIs. On standard mood/motivation scales, 38% of the sample exceeded clinical cut-offs for apathy and 28% for depression. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that SSRIs were the only antidepressant that were significantly associated with higher apathy scores (β = .1, P = .02). Less education (β = −.1, P = .01) worse cognition (β = −.1, P = .01), and greater depressive symptoms (β = .5, P < .001) were also significant predictors of apathy. Conclusion These findings suggest that use of SSRIs, but not other antidepressants, is associated with greater apathy in PD. Given the interactive relationship between serotonin and dopamine, the current findings highlight the importance of considering apathy when determining which antidepressants to prescribe to individuals with PD. Similarly, switching a SSRI for an alternative antidepressant in individuals with PD who are apathetic may be a potential treatment for apathy that needs further study.
Analysis of load carrying performance for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite pipe under different in-service conditions
Authors: Yao Minru , Xu Jin , Su Yuewen , Sun Duo , Zhang Fumin , Wu Wanxin 
Published: May 2024

Fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite pipe (FRTP) has advantages over traditional metallic counterparts for oil and gas transportation. During in-service the pipe is subjected to different mechanical loads including internal pressure, torsion, and bending. In this work, a special type of continuous glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite pipe (DN150-6.4 MPa) is analyzed by finite element method (FEM) under various complex service-in conditions. Stress and strain are investigated for different layers of FRTP to determine the extreme load capacity. Experimental analysis is conducted to validate proposed method. Combining the results from FEM and test, it is concluded that the ultimate internal pressure (burst pressure) of FRTP is 61.7 MPa, the ultimate axial tensile displacement is 66.4 mm, the maximum torsion angle is 71.5°, and the minimum bending radius 978.9 mm. Under different working conditions, the mechanical properties of the FRTP are still surplus under the given load. For the good agreement with experimental data, the FEM modeling can be guide for practical application of FRTP.
Beyond the Diagnosis: A Deep Dive Into the End Stage Liver Disease Experience From the Patient Perspective
Authors: Malik Sheza , Arutla Venkat , Alamin Tariq , Warraich Fatima , Syed Tausif A. , Nepal Mahesh , Ashraf Muhammad Farhan , Dunnigan Karin J. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction End-stage liver disease (ESLD) presents a multifaceted challenge that encompasses not only physical but also emotional, psychological, and social dimensions. This study aims to explore the experiences of ESLD patients within the United States healthcare system. Methods Utilizing a convenience sampling methodology, 15 ESLD patients from a tertiary care hospital in the USA participated in semi-structured interviews between April 2023 and January 2024. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2023, employing a phenomenological approach to identify common themes. Results The study identified six primary themes: the significance of communication style in diagnosis delivery, the crucial role of family and social support, varied understanding and preferences for palliative care, diverse attitudes towards advanced care planning, preferences for coordinated healthcare experiences, and the emotional and psychological impact of ESLD. Conclusion Our study underscores the complexity of ESLD patient care beyond medical treatment, highlighting the importance of clear communication, empathetic care, and the integration of family and palliative care services.
Yes She Can: Examining the Career Pathways of Black Women in Higher Education Senior Leadership Position
Authors: Pinto Ransford , Douglas Ty-Ron M. O. , Lane-Bonds Dena , McMillian Rhodesia 
Published: May 2024

Problem Black women continue to face significant underrepresentation in senior leadership roles, particularly within higher education. Despite this disparity, there exists a dearth of research and understanding surrounding the achievements and success narratives of those who have managed to ascend to senior-level leadership positions within the higher education sector. Solution Higher education institutions and professionals in the HRD field ought to develop and implement identity-based leadership initiatives that address the distinctive challenges Black women (as well as other women of color) face in leadership roles. Concurrently, universities are encouraged to establish structured mentoring programs to facilitate connections between Black women leaders and mentors possessing either congruent or divergent identities, but with a demonstrated cultural competence capable of accommodating the mentee’s requirements. Furthermore, universities must formulate and uphold policies that cultivate and retain Black women’s talent, intellectual contributions, and leadership acumen. Stakeholders Black women leaders, human resource development researchers, practitioners, scholars, higher education administrators.
LncRNA AP000842.3 Triggers the Malignant Progression of Prostate Cancer by Regulating Cuproptosis Related Gene NFAT5
Authors: Zhou Gaobo , Chen Chaoqian , Wu Hongjian , Lin Jiao , Liu Hang , Tao Yiran , Huang Bin 
Published: May 2024

Objectives Prostate cancer (PRAD) is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis, and its development is regulated by a complex network of genes and signaling pathways. LncRNAs and miRNAs have significant regulatory roles in PRAD through the ceRNA network. Cuproptosis is a unique form of programmed cell death that is involved in various signaling pathways and biological processes related to tumor development. Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), a transcription factor that activates T cells, has been implicated in cuproptosis. However, the regulatory mechanism by which NFAT5 is involved in the ceRNA network in PRAD remains unclear. Methods Through bioinformatics analysis, we found the ceRNA axis that regulates cuproptosis. By performing ROS assay and copper ion concentration assay, we demonstrated that inhibiting NFAT5 can increase the sensitivity of PRAD to cuproptosis inducers. By using luciferase assay, we discovered that AP000842.3 acts as the ceRNA of miR-206 to regulate the expression of NFAT5. Results In this study, we found that lncRNA AP000842.3, as a ceRNA of miR-206, was involved in the regulation of levels of the transcription factor NFAT5 associated with cuproptosis in PRAD. First, knocking down NFAT5 can increase the sensitivity of PRAD to cuproptosis inducers. Meanwhile, changes in the expression of AP000842.3 and miR-206 could affect the proliferation of PRAD by regulating NFAT5. Mechanistically, AP000842.3 acts as the ceRNA of miR-206 to regulate the expression of NFAT5. In addition, the effects of lncRNA AP000842.3 on malignant progression of PRAD and NFAT5 were partially dependent on miR-206. Conclusion Taken together, our study reveals a key ceRNA regulatory network in PRAD and can be regarded as a new potential target for PRAD diagnosis and treatment.
“The thing in my arm”: Providing contraceptive services for adolescents in primary care
Authors: Lewin Amy , Skracic Izidora , Brown Ellie , Roy Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Background: Due to high rates of unintended pregnancies in Delaware, the state launched a public health initiative in 2014 to increase access to contraceptive services. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the practice-level barriers and facilitators to providing contraceptive care, particularly long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), to adolescents in primary care settings. Design: This qualitative study was part of a larger process evaluation of the Delaware Contraceptive Access Now (DelCAN) initiative. Methods: In-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 practice administrators at 13 adolescent-serving primary care sites across the state of Delaware. A process of open, axial, and selective coding was used to analyze the data. Results: Despite the interest in LARC among their adolescent patients, administrators described numerous barriers to providing LARC for adolescents including confidentiality in patient visits and billing, preceptorship, and provider discomfort and assumptions about the need for contraception among adolescent patients. Conclusion: Findings from this study reveal substantial barriers to providing contraception to adolescents, even in primary care practices that were committed to comprehensive contraceptive access for their adolescent patients. This study supports the need for contraceptive care to be integrated into training of pediatricians at every stage of their education. Such training must go beyond education about contraceptive options and the clinical skills necessary for LARC insertion and removal, to include counseling skills based in a reproductive justice framework. Additional changes in policies and practices for adolescent patients would further increase access to contraceptive care.
Prevalence, infant outcomes and gestational risk factors for transverse reduction deficiencies at or above the wrist: a population-based study
Authors: Sletten Ida Neergård , Jokihaara Jarkko , Klungsøyr Kari 
Published: May 2024

We identified individuals born in Norway between 1970 and 2019 with transverse reduction deficiency at or above the wrist (TRDAW) from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and from the CULA (congenital upper limb anomaly) North Oslo Registry. Infant outcomes and parental factors were compared for 202 individuals with TRDAW to 2,741,013 living individuals without TRDAW born during the same period. We found an overall TRDAW prevalence of 0.74/10,000. Infants with TRDAW had a higher risk for being small for gestational age, an Apgar score <7 and transfer to neonatal intensive care units after delivery. Nine of the infants with TRDAW had associated anomalies, most commonly in the lower limb, and at a higher proportion than the reference population. Other than twin pregnancies, we are unable to identify with certainty any other risk factors for TRDAW. Level of evidence: I
Investigation of the short-term in vivo performance of metal-on-carbon fibre reinforced poly ether ether ketone Motec wrists: an explant analysis
Authors: Joyce Thomas J. , Kandemir Göksu , Warwick David , Brown Daniel J. 
Published: May 2024

Total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) aims to restore pain-free motion to diseased joints. One such TWA, the Motec, has demonstrated good results with acceptable complication rates. It has recently been suggested that the metal-on-carbon fibre reinforced poly ether ether ketone (Mo-CFR-PEEK) version of the Motec TWA be implanted instead of the metal-on-metal version. An explant analysis was undertaken on seven Motec Mo-CFR-PEEK TWAs, revised for a variety of reasons, after a mean time of 2 years in vivo. Compared to a new Motec implant, five of the explanted metal heads and three of the CFR-PEEK cups became smoother in vivo, suggesting self-polishing and negative skewness, indicating some material loss in vivo. Two explanted cups showed indentation marks on their rims and one of these was from component impingement with embedded metallic debris. In the short-term, the articulating surfaces of Motec Mo-CFR-PEEK TWAs did not show major damage. Level of evidence: IV
Outcomes of complete neurotomy and immediate repair of the musculocutaneous nerve for treatment of elbow spasticity
Authors: Tan Ruth En Si , Ng Lloyd Jee Hean , Chew Effie , Lim Aymeric Yu Tang 
Published: May 2024

Neurotomy interrupts the stretch reflex and can be used for the treatment of spasticity. We hypothesized that neurotomy with nerve repair reduces spasticity while preserving motor function due to the preferential recovery of efferent over afferent fibres. This study reports the 1-year outcomes of neurotomy and immediate repair of the musculocutaneous nerve in the proximal arm for treatment of elbow flexor spasticity, comparing these to outcomes in the literature for neurectomy without nerve repair. A total of 10 adult patients with spasticity of the elbow flexors from stroke or traumatic brain injury who had undergone neurotomy and immediate repair of the musculocutaneous nerve were prospectively studied. The results suggest that this procedure effectively reduces elbow flexor spasticity, improves elbow resting position, active elbow extension and is useful for achieving patient goals with effects lasting at least 12 months. Level of evidence: IV (therapeutic)