bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol improves non-motor symptoms, attenuates neuroinflammation, and favours hippocampal newborn neuronal maturation in a rat model of Parkinsonism
Authors: de Mattos Bianca Andretto , Bonato Jéssica Mendes , Splendor Maria Clara , Del Bel Elaine , Milani Humberto , de Oliveira Rúbia Maria Weffort 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjective:To investigate the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on emotional and cognitive symptoms in rats with intra-nigral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions.Methods:Adult male Wistar rats received bilateral intranigral 6-OHDA infusions and were tested in a battery of behavioural paradigms to evaluate non-motor symptoms. The brains were obtained to evaluate the effects of CBD on hippocampal neurogenesis.Results:6-OHDA-lesioned rats exhibited memory impairments and despair-like behaviour in the novelty-suppressed feeding test and forced swim test, respectively. The animals also exhibited dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), striatum, and ventral tegmental area and a reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis. CBD decreased dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SNpc, reduced the mortality rate and decreased neuroinflammation in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In parallel, CBD prevented memory impairments and attenuated despair-like behaviour that were induced by bilateral intranigral 6-OHDA lesions. Repeated treatment with CBD favoured the neuronal maturation of newborn neurons in the hippocampus in Parkinsonian rats.Conclusion:The present findings suggest a potential beneficial effect of CBD on non-motor symptoms induced by intra-nigral 6-OHDA infusion in rats.
A brief history of the use of plastics
Authors: Dennis Louise 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The appreciation or reception of materials can create a positive or a negative reaction in the user and an individual’s understanding of materials comes from their own experiential knowledge, influence of others, and cultural perception. The condemnation of the overuse of plastics materials and their impact on the environment when they become waste has, understandably, meant that today the cultural perception of plastics is largely that they are cheap, rubbish, throw away—all bad news. This position of negativity has been reached because we currently see the mismanagement of plastics waste as it blows about in the wind; we see it as rubbish in our streets, and as detritus in the oceans. However, our relationships with the material family, over the time they have existed, have had a varied and turbulent history with different perspectives generated by different people at different times. This article will briefly explore ‘a’, rather than ‘the’, history of the use of plastics with the aim of putting the current societal relationship with them into context.
Why do majoritarian systems benefit the right? Income groups and vote choice across different electoral systems
Authors: Liñeira Robert , Riera Pedro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research note investigates how the voting behavior of middle-income citizens explains why right-wing parties tend to govern under majoritarian electoral rule. The growing literature that investigates the ideological effects of electoral systems has mostly focused on institutional explanations. However, whether the electoral rules overrepresent parties with some specific ideologies is also a matter of behavior. Building on Iversen and Soskice (2006), we test two arguments. First, middle-income groups are more likely to vote for the right under majoritarian rules because they fear the redistributive consequences of a victory of the left in these contexts. Second, middle-income earners particularly concerned with tax rates are particularly prone to vote differently across electoral systems. Combining survey evidence from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems and the New Zealand Election Study, we show that the voting behavior of middle-income citizens is indeed responsible for the predominance of the right under majoritarian systems.
Exploratory exploitation and exploitative exploration: The phenomenology of play and the computational dynamics of search
Authors: Moldoveanu Mihnea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
I argue for a more complicated but nonetheless computationally feasible and algorithmically intelligible interplay between exploration and exploitation and for admitting into our conceptual toolkit regimes of exploitative exploration and exploratory exploitation that can enhance the novelty and usefulness of the results of either problemistic or serendipitous search.
The costs of curiosity and creativity: Minimizing the downsides while maximizing the upsides
Authors: Kashdan Todd B. , Kaufman James C. , McKnight Patrick E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The unbridled positivity toward curiosity and creativity may be excessive. Both aid species survival through exploration and advancement. These beneficial effects are well documented. What remains is to understand their optimal levels and contexts for maximal achievement, health, and well-being. Every beneficial element to individuals and groups carries the potential for harm – curiosity and creativity included.
Electro-mechanical modeling and identification of the UR5 e-series robot
Authors: Clochiatti Enrico , Scalera Lorenzo , Boscariol Paolo , Gasparetto Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCollaborative robotics is a field of growing industrial interest, within which understanding the energetic behavior of manipulators is essential. In this work, we present the electro-mechanical modeling of the UR5 e-series robot through the identification of its dynamics and electrical parameters. By means of the identified robot model, it is then possible to compute and optimize the energy consumption of the robot during prescribed trajectories. The proposed model is derived from data acquired from the robot controller during bespoke experimental tests, using model identification procedures and datasheet provided by manipulator, motors, and gearbox manufacturers. The entire procedure does not require the use of any additional sensor, so it can be easily replicated with an off-the-shelf manipulator, and applied to other robots of the same family.
Integrating data science and neuroscience in developmental psychopathology: Formative examples and future directions
Authors: Hanson Jamie L. , Kahhalé Isabella , Sen Sriparna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis commentary discusses opportunities for advancing the field of developmental psychopathology through the integration of data science and neuroscience approaches. We first review elements of our research program investigating how early life adversity shapes neurodevelopment and may convey risk for psychopathology. We then illustrate three ways that data science techniques (e.g., machine learning) can support developmental psychopathology research, such as by distinguishing between common and diverse developmental outcomes after stress exposure. Finally, we discuss logistical and conceptual refinements that may aid the field moving forward. Throughout the piece, we underscore the profound impact of Dr Dante Cicchetti, reflecting on how his work influenced our own, and gave rise to the field of developmental psychopathology.
Industry, literature, and sociability: The effects of industrialisation of Asturian parishes according to Armando Palacio Valdés
Authors: Gómez-Martín María , Cañal-Fernández Verónica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArmando Palacio Valdés characterised the Asturian village of Sama de Langreo in his novel La aldea perdida (1903), as an unusual example of an industrialised population entity through four variables: the sale of fresh meat, the existence of street lighting, cafés, and public greenspaces. The aim of this article is to verify the author’s approach by comparing the state of the rest of the Asturian parishes at the time of the novel (1879). To do this, a methodology combining the use of literary sources and the analysis of historical documentary sources will be applied. The results obtained confirm the Asturian author’s assessment of the industrialisation process in Sama as an exceptional milestone for the province, as well as evidencing the slow pace of industrialisation in the rest of the Asturian parishes.
Almsforthe Rich: Impoverished Spanish Women in Pursuit of Making a Living in Late Colonial Lima
Authors: Quiroz Chueca Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article establishes the role white women played in shaping the urban labor force and the economy in late colonial times in Lima, roughly from 1790 to 1822. It focuses on the impoverished elite women who, by the end of the colonial period, had to ask for alms to avoid working with their own hands. An important part of the Limeño elites could not respond to the twofold challenge: the negative consequences of the economic and administrative reforms of the Bourbons, and the relative flexibilization of the social order in Lima by the end of the eighteenth century. Instead of adapting to new conditions, the Spanish elites generated a social discourse that reaffirmed status and ethnicity as a means to distinguish themselves from the “vicious” plebeian sectors. More than one thousand applications to Church relief programs serve as the main foundation of this article; they are made up of at least one fifth of the white female population of the city in 1806. The article enters into dialogue with studies on socio-labor practices and the history of gender and ethnicity by engaging with concrete experiences of poor elite women in a city considered to be the opulent center of the Spanish colonial power.
Kontakt statt Isolation
Authors: Mattmann Philipp , Müller Harald , Kräuchi Juliana , Melle Laura van , Jong Isa de 
Published: May 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Das „High and Intensive Care“-Modell (HIC) ist in den Niederlanden bereits seit zehn Jahren etabliert, hat in der Schweiz bisher aber noch nicht Fuß fassen können. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Erste Erfahrungsberichte aus der Schweizer Akutpsychiatrie liefern die Grundlage für eine Diskussion über die Einführung von HIC in der Schweiz. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Mit einem regelmäßigen Fachaustausch zu HIC-Projekten soll eine unterstützende und innovationsfördernde Community of Practice in der Schweiz geschaffen werden.
Particle‐Size‐Specific Radiocarbon Constraints Imply an Active Subsoil Organic Carbon Pool
Authors: Da Jiawei , Li Gen K. , Breecker Daniel O. , Ji Junfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) is a critical player in the global carbon cycle and a common paleoclimate archive, yet the mechanisms governing its evolution, particularly in subsoil (>30 cm) systems, remain less well understood. To better characterize subsoil SOM dynamics, we investigated the isotopic compositions of SOM in fine (<2 μm) and coarser (>2 μm) grain‐size fractions of the top 2 m of a soil profile developing in eolian sediments on the Chinese Loess Plateau. We found that in the subsoil, SOM in the fine fraction, characterized by lower C/N and higher δ13C, exhibits consistently younger radiocarbon ages than those in the coarser fraction. Such offsets suggest that organo‐mineral interactions facilitate fresh carbon input to the fine fraction rather than preventing SOM decomposition. We then developed a mass‐balance model to interpret the radiocarbon data. The results suggest continual carbon input from the above‐ground biosphere to the 2‐m deep subsoil. The active subsoil organic carbon cycling can lead to significant variations in δ13CSOM under an environment that experienced substantial vegetation changes, resulting in time‐averaged signals when using δ13CSOM for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Our study underscores the dynamic nature of the subsoil carbon pool, emphasizing its potentially underestimated role in the contemporary carbon cycle.
Evaluating metal cookware as a source of lead exposure
Authors: Fellows Katie M. , Samy Shar , Whittaker Stephen G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
We previously demonstrated that aluminum cookware brought from Afghanistan by resettled families as well as some aluminum cookware available for purchase in the United States represent a previously unrecognized source of lead exposure. However, the extent to which this cookware represents a source of lead exposure to other United States residents is unclear.

Objectives
To test additional cookware for lead content and its propensity to leach lead and other toxic metals. This will further our understanding of the extent to which this cookware represents a lead poisoning risk in the United States and elsewhere.

Methods
We screened an additional 28 pieces of aluminum cookware and 5 brass items for lead content using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer and used our leachate method to estimate the amount of lead that migrates into food. We also tested 17 additional stainless steel items to determine whether they would be safer alternatives.

Results
Many aluminum cookware products contained in excess of 100 parts per million (ppm) of lead. Many also leached enough lead under simulated cooking and storage conditions to exceed recommended dietary limits. One hindalium appam pan (an Indian frying pan/wok) leached sufficient lead to exceed the childhood limit by 1400-fold. Brass cookpots from India also yielded high lead levels, with one exceeding the childhood limit by over 1200-fold. In contrast, stainless steel cookware leached much lower levels of lead.

Impact
Aluminum and brass cookware available for purchase in the United States represents a previously unrecognized source of lead exposure.
Endocannabinoids and related lipids linked to social exclusion in individuals with chronic non-medical prescription opioid use
Authors: Kroll Sara L. , Meier Philip , Mayo Leah M. , Gertsch Jürg , Quednow Boris B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOpioid-related overdose deaths are still on the rise in North America, emphasizing the need to better understand the underlying neurobiological mechanisms regarding the development of opioid use disorder (OUD). Recent evidence from preclinical and clinical studies indicate that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may play a crucial role in stress and reward, both involved in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders. Animal models demonstrate a specific crosstalk between the ECS and the endogenous opioid system. However, translational studies in humans are scarce. Here, we investigated basal plasma levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyglycerol (2-AG), and eight endocannabinoid-related lipids, including oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), as well as whole blood fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity in chronic non-medical prescription opioid users (NMPOU; n = 21) compared to opioid-naïve healthy controls (n = 29) considering age, sex, and cannabis use as potential confounders. Additionally, the association of endocannabinoids and related lipids with the participants’ response to experimentally induced social exclusion was examined. We found significantly elevated basal AEA, OEA, and PEA levels in NMPOU compared to controls, but no differences in FAAH activity, 2-AG, or other endocannabinoid-related lipids. Within NMPOU, higher AEA levels were associated with lower perception of social exclusion. Robust positive correlations within N-acylethanolamines (i.e., AEA, OEA, and PEA) indicate strong metabolic associations. Together with our recent findings of elevated basal 2-AG levels in dependent cocaine users, present results indicate substance-specific alterations of the ECS that may have implications in the search for novel therapeutic interventions for these populations.
Outcomes of nonsurgical endodontic treatment under general anesthesia in special health care needs: An observational study
Authors: Alsalleeh Fahd , Albishry Fatima Y. , Aleyiydi Asrar S. , Aldossari Farah S. , Alharbi Norah H. , Alghofaily Maha , Althumairy Riyadh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
The alarming rise in the number of people with special health care needs (SHCNs) necessitates a paradigm shift in how to approach their oral health needs. General anesthesia (GA) is a valuable technique for facilitating dental procedures in patients with SHCNs who may not be able to tolerate treatment without it. The aim was to assess nonsurgical endodontic treatment and outcomes in patients with SHCNs performed under GA.

Method
Seventy-eight permanent teeth in 33 patients who received nonsurgical endodontic treatment under GA were included between 2018 and 2022 in SHCNs hospital clinics. The demographic data, types of SHCNs, pulpal and periapical diagnosis, type of treatment, and material used were analyzed. All patients were recalled for clinical and radiographic examinations. Pre-treatment and recall periapical radiographs were evaluated and scored using the Periapical Index (PAI).

Results
Autism and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were 39.4% of patients treated. Most treatments delivered were primary nonsurgical root canal treatment (95%). Warm vertical compaction of gutta-percha for obturation accounted for 88% of cases treated. Single cone obturation technique was used in 9 cases (12%) utilizing tricalcium silicate sealer. At the recall visits, 98.7% of teeth treated had survived. Twelve teeth have pre-treatment periapical lesions, and all healed except one. Female patients were found to have higher scores of PAI compared to male patients (23.7% vs 7.5%), yet insignificant. Only 10 patients with nonsurgical root canal treatment reported recurrent caries.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates a high survival rate for nonsurgical endodontic treatment performed under GA in a cohort of patients with SHCNs. Interestingly, patients with social and communication disorders received the highest proportion of treatments under GA. These findings highlight the potential of GA-facilitated endodontics for this population. However, further research is warranted to explore additional methods for optimizing oral health outcomes in SHCNs.
LncRNA TubAR complexes with TUBB4A and TUBA1A to promote microtubule assembly and maintain myelination
Authors: Liang Xiaolin , Gong Meng , Wang Zhikai , Wang Jie , Guo Weiwei , Cai Aoling , Yang Zhenye , Liu Xing , Xu Fuqiang , Xiong Wei , Fu Chuanhai , Wang Xiangting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA long-standing hypothesis proposes that certain RNA(s) must exhibit structural roles in microtubule assembly. Here, we identify a long noncoding RNA (TubAR) that is highly expressed in cerebellum and forms RNA–protein complex with TUBB4A and TUBA1A, two tubulins clinically linked to cerebellar and myelination defects. TubAR knockdown in mouse cerebellum causes loss of oligodendrocytes and Purkinje cells, demyelination, and decreased locomotor activity. Biochemically, we establish the roles of TubAR in promoting TUBB4A–TUBA1A heterodimer formation and microtubule assembly. Intriguingly, different from the hypomyelination-causing mutations, the non-hypomyelination-causing mutation TUBB4A-R2G confers gain-of-function for an RNA-independent interaction with TUBA1A. Experimental use of R2G/A mutations restores TUBB4A–TUBA1A heterodimer formation, and rescues the neuronal cell death phenotype caused by TubAR knockdown. Together, we uncover TubAR as the long-elusive structural RNA for microtubule assembly and demonstrate how TubAR mediates microtubule assembly specifically from αβ-tubulin heterodimers, which is crucial for maintenance of cerebellar myelination and activity.
Ventral tegmental area dopamine projections to the hippocampus trigger long-term potentiation and contextual learning
Authors: Sayegh Fares J. P. , Mouledous Lionel , Macri Catherine , Pi Macedo Juliana , Lejards Camille , Rampon Claire , Verret Laure , Dahan Lionel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn most models of neuronal plasticity and memory, dopamine is thought to promote the long-term maintenance of Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) underlying memory processes, but not the initiation of plasticity or new information storage. Here, we used optogenetic manipulation of midbrain dopamine neurons in male DAT::Cre mice, and discovered that stimulating the Schaffer collaterals – the glutamatergic axons connecting CA3 and CA1 regions - of the dorsal hippocampus concomitantly with midbrain dopamine terminals within a 200 millisecond time-window triggers LTP at glutamatergic synapses. Moreover, we showed that the stimulation of this dopaminergic pathway facilitates contextual learning in awake behaving mice, while its inhibition hinders it. Thus, activation of midbrain dopamine can operate as a teaching signal that triggers NeoHebbian LTP and promotes supervised learning.
Multiomic analyses uncover immunological signatures in acute and chronic coronary syndromes
Authors: Pekayvaz Kami , Losert Corinna , Knottenberg Viktoria , Gold Christoph , van Blokland Irene V. , Oelen Roy , Groot Hilde E. , Benjamins Jan Walter , Brambs Sophia , Kaiser Rainer , Gottschlich Adrian , Hoffmann Gordon Victor , Eivers Luke , Martinez-Navarro Alejandro , Bruns Nils , Stiller Susanne , Akgöl Sezer , Yue Keyang , Polewka Vivien , Escaig Raphael , Joppich Markus , Janjic Aleksandar , Popp Oliver , Kobold Sebastian , Petzold Tobias , Zimmer Ralf , Enard Wolfgang , Saar Kathrin , Mertins Philipp , Huebner Norbert , van der Harst Pim , Franke Lude H. , van der Wijst Monique G. P. , Massberg Steffen , Heinig Matthias , Nicolai Leo , Stark Konstantin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAcute and chronic coronary syndromes (ACS and CCS) are leading causes of mortality. Inflammation is considered a key pathogenic driver of these diseases, but the underlying immune states and their clinical implications remain poorly understood. Multiomic factor analysis (MOFA) allows unsupervised data exploration across multiple data types, identifying major axes of variation and associating these with underlying molecular processes. We hypothesized that applying MOFA to multiomic data obtained from blood might uncover hidden sources of variance and provide pathophysiological insights linked to clinical needs. Here we compile a longitudinal multiomic dataset of the systemic immune landscape in both ACS and CCS (n = 62 patients in total, n = 15 women and n = 47 men) and validate this in an external cohort (n = 55 patients in total, n = 11 women and n = 44 men). MOFA reveals multicellular immune signatures characterized by distinct monocyte, natural killer and T cell substates and immune-communication pathways that explain a large proportion of inter-patient variance. We also identify specific factors that reflect disease state or associate with treatment outcome in ACS as measured using left ventricular ejection fraction. Hence, this study provides proof-of-concept evidence for the ability of MOFA to uncover multicellular immune programs in cardiovascular disease, opening new directions for mechanistic, biomarker and therapeutic studies.
Interval-valued bipolar complex fuzzy soft sets and their applications in decision making
Authors: Jaleel Abdul , Mahmood Tahir , Emam Walid , Yin Shi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript we demonstrate interval-valued bipolar complex fuzzy set (IVBCFS) and then interval-valued bipolar complex fuzzy soft set (IVBCFSS), as a generalization of fuzzy set, interval-valued fuzzy set, bipolar fuzzy set, complex fuzzy set and soft set. We also initiate operational laws and basic results and properties for IVBCFS and IVBCFSS. Further explanation is given for the basic algebraic operations like complement, extended union, extended intersection, restricted union, and restricted intersection, AND product and OR product for IVBCFSS. Moreover, we demonstrate some fundamental aggregation operators like IVBCFS average aggregation, IVBCFS geometric and as well as their properties. To emphasize the usefulness and application of the system, we also develop the decision-making method and joint instances of the IVBCFSS (set-ups 1 and 2). In order to describe the effectiveness and influence of the approaching novel work, this study uses a comparative analysis of the new creating concept with prevailing ideas.