bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baroclinic Instability of the Faroe Bank Channel Overflow*
Authors: Guo Chuncheng , Ilicak Mehmet , Fer Ilker , Darelius Elin , Bentsen Mats 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The generation mechanism of mesoscale eddies in the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC) overflow region and their spatiotemporal characteristics are examined using the high-resolution regional Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). From the modeled overflow, it is found that the volume transport downstream of the FBC sill exhibits strong variability with a distinct period of ~4 days. Energetic, alternating cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies appear at ~40 km downstream of the sill. They grow side by side in the nascent stage, but later the cyclones migrate along the 800-m isobath to the south of Iceland, whereas the anticyclones descend downslope across the isobath and gradually dissipate. Analysis of the eddy characteristics shows that the cyclones are associated with a larger plume thickness and width, larger volume transport, colder and denser water, and a plume core located farther downslope, whereas the opposite is true for the anticyclones. The oscillatory structure developed at the lower boundary of the mean plume and the following generation of alternating cyclones and anticyclones are typical features of baroclinic instability. A linear instability analysis of a two-layer analytical baroclinic model yields a most unstable mode that agrees favorably with the simulations. The calculation of the divergent eddy heat flux shows a substantial rightward (upslope)-directed component downstream of the FBC sill. This region is also associated with a strong baroclinic conversion rate. The above arguments constitute evidence for the generation of unstable plume and mesoscale eddies in the FBC region by baroclinic instability.
Role of primary care physicians in treating patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction located in remote areas (from the REseau Nord-Alpin des Urgences [RENAU], Network)
Authors: Yayehd Komlavi , Ricard Cécile , Ageron François-Xavier , Buscaglia Léna , Savary Dominique , Audema Bernard , Lacroix Diane , Barthes Manuela , Joubert Patrick , Gheno Gaël , Belle Loic ,   for the RENAU-RESURCOR study investigators
Published: July 2014

Background:European guidelines for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) encourage healthcare networks to increase rates of, and decrease delays to, reperfusion. We examined the impact of training primary care physicians (PCPs) to use equipment for pre-hospital management of STEMI patients in remote areas.Methods and results:A network for cardiac emergencies was set up in the French Northern Alps in 2002 and a registry of STEMI patients has been kept since. In 2005, 24 local volunteer PCPs were trained and equipped with electrocardiograms, fibrinolysis kits, and automated external defibrillators to deal with cardiac emergencies in remote areas (>30-minute ambulance travelling time). In this study, when the central call dispatcher received a telephone call from a patient in a remote area reporting chest pain with a high probability of STEMI, the dispatcher sent a mobile intensive care unit (MICU) with an emergency physician on board and asked the local PCP, if available, to manage the patient while awaiting arrival of the MICU. Patients in whom the diagnosis of STEMI was confirmed were taken by MICU to an interventional cardiology hospital. We report on patients who received care from a PCP before arrival of the MICU. Between 2005 and 2010, 4,015 patients were enrolled in the registry; 180 patients were located in a remote area, of whom 140 were in an area covered by a participating PCP. Of the 62 patients attended by a PCP before MICU arrival, 27 received thrombolysis and eight patients with ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation were shocked with an automated external defibrillator by the PCP. Mean times from telephone call to thrombolysis were shorter when the patient was attended by a PCP (45.0 ± 25.5 vs 62.4 ± 23.4 min without intervention; p = 0.003). STEMI diagnosis without contraindication to thrombolysis was confirmed in 26 of 27 patients treated as such by PCPs and 1 patient was diagnosed with a Tako-Tsubo syndrome.Conclusion:PCP care of STEMI patients located in isolated areas appears efficient, with high rates of resuscitation and thrombolysis and a shorter delay to reperfusion.
Hematopoietic stem cell dysfunction underlies the progressive lymphocytopenia in XLF/Cernunnos deficiency
Authors: Avagyan Serine , Churchill Michael , Yamamoto Kenta , Crowe Jennifer L. , Li Chen , Lee Brian J. , Zheng Tian , Mukherjee Siddhartha , Zha Shan 
Published: July 2014

Key Points
XLF-deficient mice recapitulate the lymphocytopenia of XLF-deficient patients. Premature aging of hematopoietic stem cells underlies the severe and progressive lymphocytopenia in XLF-deficient mice.
Conductance modulation of charged lipid bilayer using electrolyte-gated graphene-field effect transistor
Authors: Kiani Mohammad Javad , Harun Fauzan Khairi Che , Ahmadi Mohammad Taghi , Rahmani Meisam , Saeidmanesh Mahdi , Zare Moslem 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Graphene is an attention-grabbing material in electronics, physics, chemistry, and even biology because of its unique properties such as high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Also, the ability of graphene-based materials to continuously tune charge carriers from holes to electrons makes them promising for biological applications, especially in lipid bilayer-based sensors. Furthermore, changes in charged lipid membrane properties can be electrically detected by a graphene-based electrolyte-gated graphene field effect transistor (GFET). In this paper, a monolayer graphene-based GFET with a focus on the conductance variation caused by membrane electric charges and thickness is studied. Monolayer graphene conductance as an electrical detection platform is suggested for neutral, negative, and positive electric-charged membrane. The electric charge and thickness of the lipid bilayer (Q
LP and L
LP) as a function of carrier density are proposed, and the control parameters are defined. Finally, the proposed analytical model is compared with experimental data which indicates good overall agreement.
A functional study of event-existentials in Modern Chinese
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhou Yingfang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIt is held that existentials in Chinese express the existence of things rather than events. We propose the termevent-existential, in contrast to thing-existentials, to capture those clauses whose existents are obviously events. These include the so-called pseudo-existentials, clauses with the possessor as subject and the possessed as object, (dis)appearance existentials, etc. Though the two types of existentials are both composed of "NGL^ VG ^ NG", the syntax is different. In thing-existentials, the clause-final NG constitutes the existent, whose existence is expressed through the configuration of the three elements as such. In event-existentials, the configuration of "VG ^ NG" expresses the event, whose existence is then asserted through its alignment with the clause-initial NGL. Apart from existence, event-existentials show the semantic features of eventuality, impersonality, and ergativity. The two types of existentials form a continuum, each occupying a pole and relating to the other through different degrees of thingness/eventuality, i.e., different degrees of prominence of the clause-final NG and the clause-middle VG and of the integration of the two.
Characterization of Energy Absorption of Two Armor Grade Composites Arrangements Base on Aramid and Polypropylene
Authors: Gamboa R.A. , Carrillo J.G. , Rafful R.H. , Dzul B.J. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTBallistic grade composite materials have shown several advantages in comparison with their individual constituents, such as increased ballistic limit and reduced posterior trauma. One configuration in particular that has demonstrated greater ballistic efficiency is the arrangement of independent laminates (IL). It presents an increase in energy absorption compared to its counterpart of consolidated laminates (CL). In this study, an analysis is carried out to determine the effect on the ballistic performance of IL and CL arrangements when they are subjected to biaxial prestress (BP). Results show how the ballistic advantage obtained in IL is nullified in comparison with CL, thus demonstrating the limitations of this arrangement for possible applications where the arrangement is subjected to normal impacts with BP.
Layer-by-layer laser synthesis of composite ceramics in the system Al-Ti-Y-O
Authors: Vlasova M. , Kakazey M. , Juarez-Arellano E.A. , Aguilar P.A. Márquez , Tapia R. Guardian , Stetsenko V. , Bykov A. , Andrievskaya E. , Ragulya A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe phase composition and the microstructure of multilayer ceramics synthesized by directed laser treatment of ternary powder mixtures of Al2O3–TiO2–Y2O3 have been studied. It is established that at R = 2.34 (where R is TiO2/Y2O3 in mol %) the main phases observed are Y2Ti2O7, α-Al2O3 and a little amount of β-Al2TiO5. The content of the formed phases is determined by the composition of the initial mixtures. The texture of the surface and the microstructure of the formed ceramics depend on the α-Al2O3 and Y2Ti2O7 content. Increasing the content of alumina in the initial mixtures, the surface of the ceramics is saturated by α-Al2O3 crystallites. When a multi-layer synthesis is realized, the Y2Ti2O7 phase is concentrated at the boundary between the two adjacent layers (top and bottom). In the underlying layer, the growth of the corundum crystallites is prolonged due to the additional heating.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 8620 Steel Processed by ECAP
Authors: Marulanda Diana M. , Cortés Jair G. , Pérez Marco A. , García Gabriel 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to process by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) a low carbon – triple-alloyed steel containing 0.2% C, 0.5% Cr, 0.6% Ni, 0.2% Mo and 0.8 Mo. The process is performed at room temperature for up to four passes using route Bc with an equivalent strain of ∼0.6 after a single pass. Structure evolution before and after deformation is studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical properties are assessed by microhardness and tensile testing. A significant improvement of the mechanical properties is found with increasing number of ECAP passes. Micro-hardness increases from 216 HV for the initial sample to 302 HV after four passes and tensile strength increases to 1200 MPa compared with 430 MPa prior to ECAP. X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis show changes in the original ferritic-perlitic structure through ferrite grain refinement and the deformation of perlite. This nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy is used in manufacturing as gear material, and when it is hardened and formed through carburizing or boronizing it can be used to make hard-wearing machine parts. However, the ECAP process has not been used to harden this steel and to change its structure to obtain better mechanical performance.
Thermal and Kinetic Analysis of the solidification of a near eutectic Al-Cu Alloy
Authors: Morua M. , Ramirez-Argaez M. , Gonzalez-Rivera C. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn this work the thermal and kinetic analysis of the cooling and solidification of a near eutectic Al-Cu alloy is performed using inverse thermal and solidification kinetics analysis. The Fourier thermal analysis is applied to experimental cooling curves to obtain data on solid fraction evolution and latent heat of solidification. Inverse thermal analysis is applied to calculate the global heat transfer coefficients that allow correct simulation of the cooling of experimental probes. The free growth method is used to obtain the eutectic growth coefficients. All the obtained parameters are feed into a heat transfer-solidification kinetics model to validate the methodology and results generated from this work. It is found a relatively good agreement between experimental and predicted cooling curves which suggest that this methodology could be used to generate useful information needed to simulate eutectic solidification.
Comparison of the Annealing Behavior of Three Cold Rolled (Ti-bearing, Nb-bearing and V-bearing) HSLA Steels
Authors: Ordonez R. , DeArdo A.J. , Garcia C. Isaac 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe annealing behavior of three HSLA steels is studied using the combined techniques of EBSD-KAM and Sub-grain Method. These techniques have been successfully used to assess the annealing behavior of AK, IF and other high strength steels. Stored energy maps in the hot band, cold rolled and after annealing are constructed and analyzed. The combined usage of the Sub-grain Method and EBSD-KAM techniques are employed to calculate and compare the evolution of the stored energy and recrystallization behaviour during the annealing of Ti-bearing, Nb-bearing, and V-bearing HSLA steels. Orientation dependent stored energy distribution maps at different annealing stages are constructed and analysed. The results show that the stored energy distribution through the thickness of the samples is not uniform and is independent of the steel composition. Similarly the recrystallization behaviour is strongly related to the initial microstructural condition and particularly to the grain boundary character distribution of the steels.
Sigma phase precipitation on welded SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steels after isothermal heat treatment
Authors: Pérez A. F. Miranda , Sandström R. , Calliari I. , Valdés F. A. Reyes 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTDuplex stainless steels are commonly used for various applications owing to their superior corrosion resistance and/or strength. They have ferromagnetic behavior together with a good thermal conductivity and a lower thermal expansion as a result of higher ferrite content than austenitic steels. Their ferrite matrix suffers a decomposition process during aging in the temperature range 650-950° C producing precipitation of austenite, σ and χ, carbides and nitrides. These intermetallic phases are known to be deleterious for corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.In this work the effect of aging time during isothermal treatment at 850°C and 900°C on the microstructure of SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steels welded plates has been investigated. The aim of this work is to determine the morphology of σ phase, and perform a quantitative analysis of the precipitation process.Submerged Arc Welding is used for processing. It produces a high content of δ ferrite in the heat affected zone and low content of austenite in the weld. Microstructural examination shows that the σ phase precipitates at δ ferrite/γ interphases. Longer aging treatments give rise to an increase of volume fraction together with a coarser morphology.
Film Thickness of Dentin Desensitizing Agents on Full Crown Preparations: Influence of Product and Gravity
Authors: Bannister RD , Roudsari RV , Satterthwaite JD 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARY

Objective
To determine the thickness of resin layer formed when dentin desensitizing agents are applied to teeth prepared for full crown restorations.

Design
In vitro measurements of resin layer thickness.

Methods and Materials
Forty caries-free human premolar teeth were prepared as for a full metal-ceramic crown restoration with a retention groove placed mesiobuccally. Stratified allocation created five groups of eight teeth, which were treated with various desensitizing agents. Four teeth within each group were treated upright, and four were treated while inverted, resulting in a total of 10 experimental groups. Teeth were sectioned and resin layer thickness measured under an environmental scanning electron microscope at certain sites across the section.

Results
Analysis was carried out using three-way analysis of variance. On flat tooth surfaces, light-cured resins (Prime & Bond and Seal & Protect) formed layers of 16.2 ± 8.9 μm and 23.4 ± 10.6 μm, respectively. More concave sites had significantly thicker layers (p&lt;0.05) than flat or convex sites. At the internal shoulder angle, mean thicknesses were 84.1 ± 27.8 μm and 104.3 ± 56.6 μm, respectively. At the retention groove, figures were 86.6 ± 3.13 μm and 136.2 ± 72.0 μm. Differences between these two resins were not significant (p&gt;0.05). Light-cured resins formed significantly thicker layers on inverted samples at the occlusal indentation only (p=0.004), with a mean of 66.9 ± 21.6 μm; upright samples had a mean of 36.6 ± 12.4 μm. Self-activating resins (Pain-Free Desensitizer, Viva Sens, and Gluma Desensitizer) formed no consistent layers.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, light-cured resins consistently pooled in convex areas of crown preparations. A great portion of retention grooves can potentially become occluded by resin. The self-activating products tested did not form significant layers.
Evaluation of factors associated with work-related injuries to veterinary technicians certified in Minnesota
Authors: Nordgren Leslie D. , Gerberich Susan G. , Alexander Bruce H. , Church Timothy R. , Bender Jeff B. , Ryan Andrew D. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the magnitude and consequences of work-related injuries and associated factors among veterinary technicians certified in Minnesota.
Design—Cross-sectional survey.
Sample—1,427 certified veterinary technicians (CVTs).
Procedures—Surveys were used to collect data on demographics, personal characteristics, injury occurrences in the 12 months prior to survey completion, and injury consequences. Annual injury rates were estimated on the basis of demographic and work-related characteristics. Risk of injury associated with various factors was estimated by calculation of incidence rate ratios, controlling for multiple factors.
Results—465 of 873 eligible CVTs reported 1,827 injury events (total and bite injury rates, 237 and 78 injuries/100 persons/y). Primary injury sources were cats and dogs, and most injuries occurred during animal restraint or treatment. Self-reported most severe injuries involved bites; cuts, lacerations, or scratches; bruises or contusions; and abrasions. Injury consequences included treatment and restricted work activity. Risk of work-related injury was lower for CVTs who worked < 40 h/wk than for those who worked ≥ 40 h/wk. The risk was higher for CVTs working in small animal or mixed mostly small animal facilities and lower for those working in mixed large and small animal facilities, commercial or industry operations, and government or regulatory facilities, compared with CVTs in colleges or universities. Handling 4 to > 6 (vs < 4) animal species during the 12 months prior to the survey and belief that injuries are not preventable were also associated with higher risk of injury.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Several factors associated with the risk of work-related injury among CVTs were identified. Beyond these risk factors, investigation of additional exposures is integral to relevant intervention strategies.
Evaluation of risk and protective factors for work-related bite injuries to veterinary technicians certified in Minnesota
Authors: Nordgren Leslie D. , Gerberich Susan G. , Alexander Bruce H. , Church Timothy R. , Bender Jeff B. , Ryan Andrew D. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Objective—To identify risk and protective factors for work-related bite injuries among veterinary technicians certified in Minnesota.
Design—Nested case-control study.
Sample—868 certified veterinary technicians (CVTs).
Procedures—A questionnaire was mailed to CVTs who previously participated in a survey regarding work-related injuries and did (cases; 301 surveys sent) or did not (controls; 567) report qualifying work-related animal bite injuries in the preceding 12 months. Descriptive statistics were summarized. Demographic and work-related variables for the month preceding the bite injury (for cases) or a randomly selected month (controls) were assessed with univariate analysis (489 CVTs) and multivariate analysis of a subset of 337 CVTs who worked in small or mixed mostly small animal facilities.
Results—Responses were received from 176 case and 313 control CVTs. For the subset of 337 CVTs, risk of bite injury was higher for those < 25 years of age (OR, 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84 to 7.94) than for those ≥ 35 years of age, for those who had worked < 5 years (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.63 to 6.45) versus ≥ 10 years in any veterinary facility, and for those who handled ≥ 5 species/d (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.74) versus < 3 species/d. Risk was lower for CVTs who handled < 10 versus ≥ 20 animals/d (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.71).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Several work-related factors were associated with the risk of work-related bite injury to CVTs. These findings may serve as a basis for development of intervention efforts and future research regarding work-related injuries among veterinary staff.
Band head spin assignment of Tl isotopes of superdeformed rotational bands
Authors: Goel Alpana , Nair Uma , Yadav Archana 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The Variable Moment of Inertia (VMI) model is proposed for the assignment of band head spin of super deformed (SD) rotational bands, which in turn is helpful in the spin prediction of SD bands. The moment of inertia and stiffness parameter (C), were calculated by fitting the proposed transition energies. The calculated transition energies are highly dependent on the prescribed spins. The calculated and observed transition energies agree well when an accurate band head spin (I
0) is assigned. The results are in good agreement with other theoretical results reported in literature. In this paper, we have reported the band head spin value 16 rotational band of super deformed Tl isotopes.
Regressive changes in phaeochromocytomas and paroxysmal hypertension
Authors: Pogorzelski Ryszard , Toutounchi Sadegh , Fiszer Patryk , Krajewska Ewa , Górnicka Barbara , Zapała Łukasz , Szostek Małgorzata , Jakuczun Wawrzyniec , Tworus Robert , Wołoszko Tomasz , Skórski Maciej 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Wide acquired arteriovenous fistula between main renal artery and interlobar vein treated with nephrectomy
Authors: Naumovic Radomir , Pejcic Tomislav , Cinara Ilias , Català Jordi , Moysset Irene , Jimeno Myreia 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A case of renal arteriovenous fistula between the main renal artery and interlobar vein diagnosed 25 years after percutaneous renal biopsy was presented. A 62-year-old female was referred to a urologist with dilatation of the left renal pyelocalyceal system diagnosed after abdominal ultrasonography, while intravenous urography did not confirm that finding. Historically, she underwent renal biopsy 25 years ago without any complication. Her hypertension was well controlled during the last 10 years, although three antihypertensive drugs with occasional additional diuretics were necessary during the last 6 months. Color Duplex Ultrasonography, arteriography and Multi-Slice Computed Tomography revealed the presence of renal arteriovenous fistula between the main renal artery and interlobar vein, as well as severe dilatation of all interlobar veins, renal, ovarian and adrenal vein on the left side. Urological and vascular surgeons operated to ligate the fistula and preserve the kidney. However, it was not possible to reach the fistula inside the kidney and nephrectomy was performed.