bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Mortality and the Need for Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Therapy by 3‐Dimensional Sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Fetuses With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernias
Authors: Kehl Sven , Becker Leonie , Eckert Sven , Weiss Christel , Schaible Thomas , Neff K. Wolfgang , Siemer Jörn , Sütterlin Marc 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo compare different rotation angles for assessment of fetal lung volume by 3‐dimensional (3D) sonography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) regarding prediction of mortality and the need for neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernias.MethodsOne hundred patients with fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernias between 22 and 39 weeks' gestation were examined by 3D sonography and MRI. Sonographic contralateral fetal lung volumes were assessed by the rotational technique (virtual organ computer‐aided analysis) at 3 different rotation angles: 6°, 15°, and 30°. The MRI fetal lung volumes were calculated based on multiplanar T2‐weighted MRI. To eliminate the influence of gestational age, the observed to expected contralateral fetal lung volume on sonography and the observed to expected fetal lung volume on MRI were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for the statistical prediction of survival and need for ECMO therapy by the observed to expected contralateral fetal lung volume (sonography) and observed to expected fetal lung volume (MRI).ResultsOne hundred cases were assessed for survival and 89 for ECMO necessity (11 neonates were not eligible for ECMO). For prediction of postpartum survival and ECMO necessity, the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) showed very similar results for MRI and 3D sonography: observed to expected fetal lung volume by MRI, 0.819 (95% confidence interval, 0.730–0.909) and 0.835 (0.748–0.922), respectively; 6° sonography, 0.765 (0.647–0.883) and 0.820 (0.734–0.905); 15° sonography, 0.784 (0.672–0.896) and 0.811 (0.719–0.903); and 30° sonography, 0.732 (0.609–0.855) and 0.772 (0.671–0.872). Comparisons between the AUCs revealed no statistical differences.ConclusionsWe have shown the good prognostic value of 3D sonography in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernias compared with MRI, particularly when using small rotation angles. Therefore, it can be an appropriate diagnostic tool when counseling patients for congenital diaphragmatic hernias.
Antisocial Behavior: Exploring Behavioral, Cognitive, and Environmental Influences on Expulsion
Authors: Alloway Tracy Packiam , Lawrence Ashley , Rodger Susan 
Published: May 2013

SummaryWe investigated the role of three significant potential contributors to antisocial behavior (ASB)—behavior, cognitive, and environmental influences—and their impact on expulsion. The following measures were administered to a community sample of antisocial adolescents: nonverbal ability and working memory, behavioral profile (rated by the social worker and self‐rated), and environmental background (socio‐economic background and family structure). The data indicated that their working memory performance was in the average range; however, group means were significantly lower in the nonverbal ability test. Although social workers' assessments of the adolescents' behavior were closely related to their self‐reports, it was the latter that was best able to correctly classify those who had been expelled from their non‐expelled ASB peers. Environmental background did not appear to have a strong role in expulsion rates. The results are discussed in the context of persistency of ASB and ways forward to provide support and intervention for adolescents. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acro‐osteolysis, keloid like‐lesions, distinctive facial features, and overgrowth: Two newly recognized patients with premature aging syndrome, penttinen type
Authors: Zufferey Flore , Hadj‐Rabia Smaïl , De Sandre‐Giovannoli Annachiara , Dufier Jean‐Louis , Leheup Bruno , Schweitze Cyril , Bodemer Christine , Cormier‐Daire Valérie , Le Merrer Martine 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report on two unrelated patients with a rare progeroid syndrome first described by Penttinen. Patients presented with prematurely aged appearance, delayed dental development, acro‐osteolysis, diffuse keloid‐like lesions, and ocular pterygia. Facial features are progressive but recognizable at birth. Premaxillary and maxillary retraction with pseudo‐prognathism and palpebral malocclusion are characteristic. Thumbs and halluces are broad and spatulated. Linear growth is increased and intellectual functions are preserved. Skin retractions and joint contractures progressively developed during adolescence. Death occurred in the second decade in one of the patient due to restrictive respiratory insufficiency and cachexia. LMNA and ZMPSTE24 sequencing were normal. The molecular basis of the disorder remains unknown. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Viscoelastic properties and filler dispersion in carbon black‐filled and silica‐filled cross‐linked natural rubbers
Authors: Kato Atsushi , Ikeda Yuko , Tsushi Ryota , Kokubo Youta 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe activation energies (ΔEJ ′ and ΔEJ″) calculated from the temperature dependence of the storage compliance (J′) and the loss compliance (J″) of carbon black (CB)‐filled, hydrophobic silica‐ and hydrophilic silica‐filled cross‐linked natural rubbers (NRs) were found to be less than 15 kJ mol−1, which corresponds to the physical range of van der Waals interaction. The results of three‐dimensional‐transmission electron microscopy measurements indicate that the closest distance (dp) between the two neighboring nanofiller aggregates centers decreased sharply with increasing nanofiller loading and tended to become constant at a nanofiller loading of around 30 phr or higher. For all samples examined, there were two regions related to the elastic deformation energy, and the critical dp value between the two regions was in the order of CB > hydrophobic silica = hydrophilic silica. Additionally, ΔEJ′ developed in the region of longer dp than that of ΔEJ″. On the other hand, ΔEJ″ occurred after the formation of the filler network and was larger than ΔEJ′. ΔEJ″ is assumed to be related to slippage of the junction and the rearrangement of the nanofiller network. Therefore, the dependence of ΔEJ′ and ΔEJ″ on dp suggests that the interaction layer between the nanofiller and NR has at least two energy levels. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2594–2602, 2013
Influence of ammonium salts on the lipase/esterase activity assay using p‐nitrophenyl esters as substrates
Authors: De Yan Hong , Zhang Yin Jun , Liu Hong Cai , Zheng Jian Yong , Wang Zhao 
Published: May 2013

Abstractp‐Nitrophenyl esters with a short‐chain carboxylic group, such as p‐nitrophenyl acetate (p‐NPA) and p‐nitrophenyl butyrate (p‐NPB), could be effectively hydrolyzed by ammonium salts. p‐Nitrophenyl esters were usually used as substrates to assay the lipase/esterase activity. Ammonium sulfate precipitation was often used to purify proteins, and some ammonium salts were usually used as nitrogen sources or inorganic salts for the lipase/esterase production. To study the effect of ammonium salts on the assay of the lipase/esterase activity, the contributing factors of hydrolysis of p‐NPA/p‐NPB catalyzed by ammonium salts were investigated. The lipase activities were compared in the presence and absence of ammonium sulfate. The hydrolysis reaction could be catalyzed under neutral and alkaline circumstances. The hydrolysis rate increased with the increase in the reaction temperature or the concentration of ammonium ion. When p‐NPA was employed as the substrate for the analysis of the lipase/esterase activity, the effect of ammonium sulfate on the analysis could be neutralized by setting a control when the concentration of ammonium sulfate was less than 40% saturation. However, when the concentration of ammonium sulfate increased from 40% to 100% saturation, the enzyme activities decreased about 13–40%, which could not be ignored for accurate analysis of the enzyme activity.
Structure‐based prediction of human intestinal membrane permeability for rapid in silico BCS classification
Authors: Sun Le , Liu Xiaohong , Xiang Rongwu , Wu Chunnuan , Wang Yongjun , Sun Yinghua , Sun Jin , He Zhonggui 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTHuman effective intestinal membrane permeability (Peff) is one of the two important indicators for drug classification according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), and contributes greatly to the performance of oral drug absorption. Here, a structure‐based in silico predictive model of Peff was developed successfully to facilitate in silico BCS classification in the early stage of drug discovery, even before the compound was synthesized. The quantitative structure–Peff relationship for 30 drugs was constructed based on seven structural parameters. Then the model was built by the multiple linear regression method and internally validated by the residual analysis, the normal probability–probability plot and the Williams plot. For the entire data set, the R2 and adjusted R2 values were 0.782 and 0.712, respectively. The results indicated that the fitted model was robust, stable and satisfied all the prerequisites of the regression models. As for the 102 tested drugs, the predicted Peff values had a good correlation with the experimental human absorbed fraction (Fa). This model was also used to perform high/low Peff classification for 57 drugs that have been classified according to the BCS, and 72% of drugs could be classified correctly, indicating that the developed model can be used for rapid BCS classification in the early stages of drug discovery. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Slug Flow of Ionic Liquids in Capillary Microcontactors: Fluid Dynamic Intensification for Solvent Extraction
Authors: Scheiff F. , Holbach A. , Agar D. W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFor merging two facets of process intensification, namely, slug flow in microcapillaries and ionic liquid extraction, the fluid mechanic stability of organic‐ionic liquid slug flow is mapped for [EMIM] [Alkyl‐SO4] and [Alkyl‐MIM] [Ntf2] in 0.5–1.0 mm ID plastic capillaries. The choice of the ionic liquid solvent is restricted by physical properties. The internal circulation within ionic liquid slugs is found to be slower by a factor of 2–10 compared to aqueous slugs, but is accelerated by optimizing velocity, temperature, and wall material. Extraction of acetic acid from n‐heptane with EMIM ethyl sulfate is proposed as a system to verify the contribution of internal circulation to mass transfer. In the long run, this research affirms the fluid dynamic feasibility of microcapillary slug‐flow extraction with ionic liquids.
Why is Micro Segmented Flow Particularly Promising for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials?
Authors: Köhler J. M. , Li S. , Knauer A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe particular advantages of micro segmented flow are discussed with respect to the specific requirements in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Compartimentation of a liquid, slug‐flow transport behavior, decoupling between reaction solution and wall, and induction of a fast radial mass and heat transfer by flow‐induced segment‐internal convection are the most important aspects for realizing a focussed nucleation and homogeneous particle growth under micro continuous‐flow conditions. In addition, the micro fluid‐segment technique allows the automated realization of large parameter studies and combinatorial investigations by a simple flow rate variation. Beside some concepts of process design, examples for the synthesis of ZnO micro‐ and nanoparticles as well as for plasmonic nanoparticles are given in order to demonstrate the power of micro segmented flow for generation of nanoparticles of high homogeneity and for tuning of particle properties.
Enantioselective Determination of the Insecticide Indoxacarb in Cucumber and Tomato by Chiral Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wang Huanqing , Dong Fengshou , Li Yuanbo , Chen Xiu , Cheng Youpu , Xiang Wensheng , Zheng Yongquan 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA convenient and precise chiral method was developed and validated for measuring indoxacarb enantiomers in cucumber and tomato using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) with a reversed‐phase Chiralpak AD‐RH column. The target analytes were extracted by acetonitrile and then purified by solid phase extraction (SPE) using NH2/Carb combined‐cartridge. Parameters including the matrix effect, linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability were used. Then the proposed method was successfully applied to investigate the possible enantioselective degradation of rac‐indoxacarb in cucumber and tomato under open conditions. The results indicated that the degradation of indoxacarb enantiomers followed first‐order kinetics in cucumber and tomato. The half‐lives of (+)‐S‐indoxacarb in cucumber and tomato were 3.0 and 5.9 days, respectively; while the (–)‐R‐indoxacarb were 7.3 and 12.2 days, respectively. The data of the half‐lives showed that (+)‐S‐indoxacarb was preferentially degraded in cucumber and tomato. Moreover, indoxacarb degraded faster in cucumber than in tomato. Chirality 25:350–354:, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BMBF Project ”︁Multi‐Phase”︁
Authors: Becker Marc , Tuinier Martin , Rollbusch Philipp , Ludwig Martina , Franke Robert , Grünewald Marcus , Schlüter Michael 
Published: May 2013

AbstractZiel des BMBF‐Projekts „Multi‐Phase”︁ ist die Optimierung von Mehrphasenreaktoren mit skalenunabhängigen Rechenmodellen, Messtechniken und ‐apparaten. Das Projektkonsortium verknüpft Kompetenzen der grundlagenorientierten Forschungspartner und verschiedener KMU aus dem Bereich der Mess‐ und Apparatetechnik mit den Anforderungen der industriellen Praxis. Evonik Industries AG führt die Übertragung von entwickelten Labordaten, Messtechniken und Modellen auf industrielle Maßstäbe und Stoffsysteme durch und stellt die Ergebnisse den Projektpartnern zur Verfügung. Hieraus werden signifikante Energieeinsparungen und eine deutlichen Minderung der CO2‐Emmissionen erwartet.
Synthesis, Structure and Photophysical Properties of Silole‐Oxadiazole Copolymers
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Zhu Chaoqiang , Ma Yuwen , Wang Chengyun , Shen Yongjia 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA new conjugated copolymer (PTST‐DyOXD) derived from 1,1‐dimethyl‐3,4‐diphenyl‐2,5‐bis(5‐bromo‐2‐thienyl)‐silole (TST) and 2,5‐bis(4‐ethynylphenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (DyOXD) was synthesized by Pd(0)‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. For comparison, another copolymer without acetenyl group (PTST‐OXD) was also synthesized by Pd(0)‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. Chemical structures and optoelectronic properties of the copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, UV‐vis absorption, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry. The number‐average molecular weight (Mn) is 4010 Da for PTST‐DyOXD and 3890 Da for PTST‐OXD, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements show that they have good thermal stability with decomposition temperature at 312 and 318°C, respectively. The optical band gap is 2.21 eV for PTST‐DyOXD and 2.10 eV for PTST‐OXD based on the absorption onset. CV analysis revealed the LUMO level of PTST‐DyOXD is −3.04 eV, lower than that of PTST‐OXD (about −2.89 eV), which is attributed to the introduction of acetylene group in PTST‐DyOXD, increasing the system of the conjugate chain length.
Carboalumination‐Epoxide Ring Opening for the Formation of 1,4‐Disubstituted (Z)‐3,6‐Alkadienols
Authors: Zhang Quan , Jing Yuhuan , Myles David C. , Li Yong , Chen Yue 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAllylalumination of alkynes (i.e. forming Negishi's (Z)‐alkenyl dialkylalane) followed by alkenylation of epoxides provides 1,4‐disubstituted (Z)‐3,6‐alkadienols. The alkenylation can be facilitated by the presence of a neighbouring coordinating group in the epoxides. This "one‐pot" approach has been successfully applied in the large‐scale production of C10–C15 fragment of 9,10‐didehydroepothilone D (a synthetic epothilone analog as an anti‐cancer agent in phase 2 clinical trials).
Promotion of Mn Doped Co/CNTs Catalysts for CO Hydrogenation to Light Olefins
Authors: Tang Liping , Song Chengli , Yang Xiaolong , Li Mengli , Hu Bin 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWith various contents, Mn was introduced into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported cobalt catalysts and the obtained Mn‐Co/CNTs catalysts were investigated for CO hydrogenation to light alkenes and characterized by N2 adsorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), H2 temperature programmed reduction (TPR), CO temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results indicate that the addition of a small amount of Mn (0.3 wt%) to CNTs‐supported Co catalyst significantly increased the selectivity of C2–C4 olefins and decreased the selectivity of CH4. However, with further addition of Mn to the cobalt catalysts, the CH4 selectivity decreased obviously along with the increase of the C5+ selectivity. Compared with the unpromoted catalysts, the Mn‐promoted cobalt catalysts increased the C2–C4/C20–C40 molar ratio.
Evaluation of a patient navigation program to promote colorectal cancer screening in rural Georgia, USA
Authors: Honeycutt Sally , Green Rhonda , Ballard Denise , Hermstad April , Brueder Alex , Haardörfer Regine , Yam Jennifer , Arriola Kimberly J. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Early detection through recommended screening has been shown to have favorable treatment outcomes, yet screening rates among the medically underserved and uninsured are low, particularly for rural and minority populations. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a patient navigation program that addresses individual and systemic barriers to CRC screening for patients at rural, federally qualified community health centers.METHODSThis quasiexperimental evaluation compared low‐income patients at average risk for CRC (n = 809) from 4 intervention clinics and 9 comparison clinics. We abstracted medical chart data on patient demographics, CRC history and risk factors, and CRC screening referrals and examinations. Outcomes of interest were colonoscopy referral and examination during the study period and being compliant with recommended screening guidelines at the end of the study period. We conducted multilevel logistic analyses to evaluate the program's effectiveness.RESULTSPatients at intervention clinics were significantly more likely than patients at comparison clinics to undergo colonoscopy screening (35% versus 7%, odds ratio = 7.9, P < .01) and be guideline‐compliant on at least one CRC screening test (43% versus 11%, odds ratio = 5.9, P < .001).CONCLUSIONSPatient navigation, delivered through the Community Cancer Screening Program, can be an effective approach to ensure that lifesaving, preventive health screenings are provided to low‐income adults in a rural setting. Cancer 2013;119:3059—3066. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Changing prognosis of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma: Differential improvement by age and tumor location
Authors: Golan Talia , Urban Damien , Berger Raanan , Lawrence Yaacov Richard 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDOver the past 2 decades, significant progress has been made in the field of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) regarding new imaging techniques, surgical interventions, and systemic therapy. It is not known whether the benefit from these interventions has extended overall survival (OS) within the general mCRC population. A population‐based survival analysis of newly diagnosed patients who presented with mCRC was therefore performed.METHODSSurvival statistics were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for patients diagnosed with mCRC between 1988 and 2008. Demographic variables collected included age, race, and tumor grade. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan‐Meier method and extended Cox proportional hazard model as appropriate.RESULTSThe study population consisted of 42,347 patients diagnosed with mCRC between 1988 and 2008 (52% women; mean age, 67 years). The 1‐ and 2‐year estimated OS rates were 44% and 22%, respectively. Prognostic variables included race, sex, age, tumor location, and year of diagnosis. Median OS improved from 8 months to 14 months between 1988 and 2008. Significant improvements in OS were seen for all disease sites, but especially for descending colon cancers. Whereas the median OS increased by 13 months in patients ≤50 years of age and by 7 months in patients 51‐70 years of age, the median OS of patients >70 years of age increased by only 1 month between 1988 and 2008.CONCLUSIONSThere has been a continuous improvement in OS of patients diagnosed with mCRC between 1988 and 2008, especially for left‐sided tumors. Little improvement has been seen in patients over 70 years of age. Cancer 2013;119:3084—3091. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Breast fine‐needle aspiration cytology performance in the high‐risk screening population
Authors: Georgieva Radka D. , Obdeijn Inge M. , Jager Agnes , Hooning Maartje J. , Tilanus‐Linthorst Madeleine M. A. , van Deurzen Carolien H. M. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDThe diagnosis of breast lesions is usually confirmed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or histological biopsy. Although there is increasing literature regarding the advantages and limitations of both modalities, there is no literature regarding the accuracy of these modalities for diagnosing breast lesions in high‐risk patients, who usually have lesions detected by screening. The objective of the current study was to evaluate diagnostic performance indices of FNAC in breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) mutation carriers.METHODSBRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers who underwent FNAC were selected from the database of the Rotterdam Family Cancer Clinic. FNAC accuracy parameters were calculated by taking the outcome of a subsequent histological diagnosis or clinical follow‐up as reference standard.RESULTSIn total, 320 FNACs were obtained, and FNAC examination was followed by histological examination in 150 patients. The rate of insufficient material was 25.6%. Sensitivity was 92.3%, specificity 96.3%. The false‐positive rate was 3.7%, the false‐negative rate was 7.7%, and accuracy was 94.7%. A substantial proportion of patients (35%) with malignant FNAC results underwent histological biopsy upfront surgical resection. Small lesion size (≤1 cm) and nonpalpability of the breast lesion were associated with decreased FNAC accuracy. In 113 patients who had a benign FNAC outcome without histological follow‐up, no malignancies were detected during clinical or radiologic surveillance (median follow‐up 84 months).CONCLUSIONSThere is a role for FNAC in diagnosing breast lesions of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers, ie, to confirm a radiological (probably) benign lesion. However, despite the high overall sensitivity of FNAC, the authors recommend histological biopsy as the preferred diagnostic method for high‐risk patients who have small or nonpalpable lesions. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:561–567. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Droplet Minimizers of an Isoperimetric Problem with Long‐Range Interactions
Authors: Cicalese Marco , Spadaro Emanuele 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe give a detailed description of the geometry of single‐droplet patterns in a nonlocal isoperimetric problem. In particular, we focus on the sharp interface limit of the Ohta‐Kawasaki free energy for diblock copolymers, regarded as a paradigm for energies with short‐ and long‐range interactions. Exploiting fine properties of the regularity theory for minimal surfaces, we extend previous partial results in different directions and give robust tools for the geometric analysis of more complex patterns. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals inc.