bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supervision and Support Interventions Targeted at Community Health Workers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review to Identify Characteristics Associated with Successful Outcomes
Authors: Ekpin Victory Israel , Nwankwo Henry Eziefule , Akwaowo Christie Divine , Blencowe Hannah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Community Health Workers (CHWs) are crucial in extending healthcare to underserved areas in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but they often face challenges like limited training, resources, and support. Effective supervision and support interventions are essential for enhancing CHW performance and improving health outcomes. This study therefore explores the characteristics of supervision and support interventions targeted at CHWs in SSA that contribute to successful outcomes.
Methods
A search of four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus) and grey literature sites was done for studies published between January 2013 and January 2024. Eligible studies were those focusing on CHWs and interventions involving supervision and support in SSA. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed, and data extracted were analyzed using thematic and content analyses.
Results
Of 4,169 articles identified, fifty-five were included in the synthesis. Four main intervention types were identified: supervision, job aids, incentives, and training. Successful outcomes were measured through service delivery, program, and staff metrics. Fifty-two studies were assessed to have successful outcomes, and these were marked by ten key characteristics. These included material resource allocation, training and continuing education, stakeholder engagement, integration into existing systems, proper administration and logistics, supportive supervision, quality management, digitization, incentivization, and the enhancement of existing modalities. Leadership, governance and environmental factors emerged as important contextual factors in intervention success.
Conclusion
This study highlights the multifaceted nature of supervision and support interventions, highlighting essential characteristics for successful outcomes. Considering these characteristics during program design can enhance success rates. Future research should prioritize the cost-effectiveness, long-term impact, and sustainability of CHW programs in SSA.
Re-isolation of endophytic actinomycete from root of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. and its production of actinomycin D
Authors: Taechowisan Thongchai , Chuen-Im Thanaporn , Ruangrote Benjamart , Phutdhawong Waya S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Endophytic actinomycetes are bacteria live inside plant tissues without causing harm to the plant. They produced various bioactive compounds. Our prior work isolated Streptomyces parvulus Tc022 from the roots of Alpinia galanga, this strain could produce actinomycin. This study aimed to re-isolate and characterize an endophytic actinomycete from the same Alpinia galanga roots in the same location again, and investigate its bioactive compounds. A Streptomyces strain designated AL036 was isolated and identified as Streptomyces parvulus through morphological, biochemical, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Similar to Streptomyces parvulus Tc022, this strain exhibited actinomycin D as its major bioactive compound. Media optimization experiments identified a medium (SC) supporting significantly higher actinomycin D production (103.67 mg/L) compared to the initial medium (ISP-2). Further optimization revealed that a specific carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (20 g/L soluble starch and 2 g/L casein) maximized production (199.33 mg/L). Sugar supplementation did not enhance production but influenced fungal growth. Both crude extract and purified actinomycin D exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer and non-cancerous cell lines, with higher activity towards cancer cells. This study isolated a new Streptomyces parvulus AL036, with efficient actinomycin D production akin to Tc022. Media optimization significantly improved production, highlighting the importance of carbon and nitrogen sources. While both crude extract and purified actinomycin D showed cytotoxicity, further research is needed to improve selectivity for cancer cells.
Digital environment, collaborative network and corporate innovation performance: A machine-learning-based study
Authors: Zhou Wenhao , Li Hailin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To explore the relationship between the digital environment, collaborative network and innovation performance, this study extract the inter-firm network from the co-patents of listed industrial companies in China, classify the collaborative contexts into four types based on the cooperation relationship, and examine the impacts of the dual environments on collaborative innovation performance by using machine learning method. A multi-dimensional framework is constructed to excavate the nonlinear combined effect of collaborative network, digital economy on firm innovation. The results indicate that the impact of digital economy and collaborative network on firm innovation varies across heterogeneous network embedding contexts. Network structure embedding features are the main factors to influence firm innovation in exploratory collaboration contexts. The digital environment is more likely to facilitate innovation performance in exploitative innovation and loosely collaborative contexts than in collaborative network embedding. The findings help companies make strategic decisions on partners selection and cooperation resources.
The accessory brachioradialis muscle (brachioradialis accessorius): Prevalence of a rare variant with possible implications for radial nerve compression
Authors: Triantafyllou George , Koptas Krzysztof , Zielinska Nicol , Piagkou Maria , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The brachioradialis muscle (BR) belongs to the radial forearm muscles and contributes to the elbow flexion. Accessory brachioradialis muscle (ABR) or brachioradialis “accessorius” represents an uncommon BR variant, not been enough studied. The present study investigates the incidence of the ABR variant, along with its origin, insertion, and innervation.
Materials:
Eighty-three (83) upper limbs were meticulously dissected at the arm, forearm, and cubital fossa to investigate the ABR presence. When the variant muscle was identified, morphometric measurements were obtained.
Results
The ABR was identified in two upper limbs (2/83, 2.4%), in a male cadaver, bilaterally. Its origin was located along with the typical BR, and its insertion was identified into the anterior surface of the radius. The radial nerve supplied the ABR, having a course posteriorly to it (in a deeper layer).
Conclusions
In the current study, the variant muscle was observed in 2.4%, while the ABR reported incidence is recorded between 0.5–2.8%. Radial nerve compression, at the forearm, is not an uncommon entrapment neuropathy. The relationship between the radial nerve and the ABR could precipitate radial neuropathy.
Health Workforce Shortages and Surpluses: The Case of Unsalaried Workers in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Zangana Goran , Muhammad Ary Kareem 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The health workforce is crucial for achieving universal health coverage (UHC), yet significant inequities persist globally, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This study examines the paradoxical surplus of unsalaried health workers (UHWs) in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) amidst global health worker shortages.
Method: We conducted an online survey of 585 UHWs in KRI.
Results: the research highlights the disproportionate impact on women, who constitute 77% of respondents, and the socio-economic implications of high unemployment rates among female health workers. The study underscores the challenges posed by austerity measures post-2014, leading to a reliance on volunteer work and exacerbating interprofessional tensions. Key findings reveal that the majority of UHWs prefer public sector employment due to perceived job security and societal norms.
Conclusion: The study calls for prioritising formal employment, addressing gender inequities, and implementing broader economic reforms to enhance the health workforce's resilience. The findings stress the need for collaborative efforts between regional and central governments to create equitable and sustainable employment opportunities, thereby supporting the overall health system's capacity to achieve UHC.
Composite with Silver Nanoparticles and Oregano Essential Oil-Loaded
Nanoparticles Intended for Wound Healing
Authors: Hernández-Rizo Laura , Villanueva-Martínez Angélica , Salas-Téllez Enrique , Camacho-Enríquez Brígida del Carmen , Vargas-Martínez María Gabriela , Ganem-Rondero Adriana 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Since wounds are a primary source of infection, it is desirable to have a wound
dressing that prevents infectious processes during the tissue regeneration phase. In this regard, silver
nanoparticles, oregano essential oil, and chitosan have been utilized due to their antimicrobial activity. This work focused on the preparation of a composite containing these three components, intended to provide protection for wounds, especially by exerting antimicrobial effects

Methods:
A composite based on chitosan nanoparticles loaded with oregano essential oil (OEO) and
silver nanoparticles was fabricated through the casting-solvent evaporation method. The films were
prepared from a suspension of chitosan nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by size
and entrapment efficiency. The surface of the films was observed by SEM, and the mechanical resistance, occlusive capacity, and antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa
were evaluated. The release of OEO from the films was studied using Franz-type cells.

Results:
A composite was successfully prepared from a dispersion of OEO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (147.8 nm, PDI = 0.35; entrapment efficiency = 80.9 %; loading capacity = 38 %) and silver
nanoparticles (19.6 nm, PDI = 0.4). A film could be formed that made the composite by pouring the
chitosan nanoparticle dispersion directly into molds. The composite presented advantageous characteristics, such as being semi-occlusive (occlusion factor ~ 40 % and reduction in TEWL of 18 %),
allowing the sustained release of OEO (about 0.2 mgCm-2
h-1 during 8 h), and having antimicrobial
activity for the three strains evaluated.

Conclusion:
The prepared composite can be considered a potential candidate for dressing materials
intended to prevent and treat wound infections.
Analisis wacana kritis nasionalisme banal dalam film Lewat Djam Malam karya Usmar Ismail
Authors: Yudha Leksana Tegar Satria , Setiawan Benni 
Published: July 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kritik terhadap wacana nasionalisme banal dihadirkan serta mengetahui kontestasi wacana nasionalisme yang terbentuk dalam film Lewat Djam Malam karya Usmar Ismail. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis berupa analisis wacana krits model Norman Fairclough. Analisis dilakukan pada tataran teks yang hadir dalam film Lewat Djam Malam. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan analisis dokumen dengan coding sheet sebagai instrtumen penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengorganisasikan dan menyiapkan data, membaca dan melihat seluruh data, membuat koding seluruh data, membuat koding sebagai bahan membuat deskripsi, menghubungkan antar tema, dan memberi interpretasi dan makna tentang nasionalisme banal Hasi penelitian ini adalah kritik Usmar Ismail terhadap nasionalisme banal dalam film Lewat Djam Malam dapat dikelompokan menjadi tiga pokok pikiran, diantaranya adalah: (1) Nasionalisme banal dapat melegitimasi kekuasaan pemerintah yang otoriter, (2) Nasionalisme banal dapat menyebabkan sikap apatis dan tidak kritis terhadap pemerintah, dan (3) Nasionalisme banal dapat menyebabkan pengabaian terhadap nilai-nilai HAM. Peneliti juga menemukan adanya kontestasi wacana dalam film Lewat Djam Malam di mana terdapat wacana nasionalisme progresif yang muncul sebagai wacana tandingan terhadap nasionalisme banal.Kata Kunci : Analisis Wacana Kritis, Film, Nasionalisme Banal, Usmar Islmail Abstract This research aims to understand how critiques of banal nationalism discourse are presented and to identify the contestation of nationalist discourse formed in the film "Lewat Djam Malam" by Usmar Ismail. The study employs a qualitative approach with analytical methods using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis model. The analysis is conducted on the textual level present in the film "Lewat Djam Malam". Data collection techniques involve document analysis with a coding sheet as the research instrument. Data analysis is carried out by organizing and preparing the data, reading and examining all the data, coding all the data, coding to create descriptions, connecting themes, and providing interpretation and meaning regarding banal nationalism. The result of this research is that Usmar Ismail's critique of banal nationalism in the film "Lewat Djam Malam" can be grouped into three main ideas, namely: (1) Banal nationalism can legitimize authoritarian government power, (2) Banal nationalism can lead to apathetic and uncritical attitudes towards the government, and (3) Banal nationalism can lead to neglect of human rights values. The researcher also found a discourse contestation in the film "Lewat Djam Malam" where there is a progressive nationalist discourse emerging as a competing discourse against banal nationalism.Keywords : Critical Discourse Analysis, Film, Banal Nationalism, Usmar Ismail
Psychological characteristics of the mediator’s personality
Authors: Tarasova N. V. 
Published: July 2024

During the twentieth century, marked by some of the most tragic wars in human history, people began to turn more to settling conflicts through negotiations. During this period, mediation, litigation, mediation, negotiations, which are alternative methods of conflict resolution, began to intensively form and develop.Mediation is considered negotiations in which an independent mediator takes an active part, the main goal of which is to competently structure the communication process and transition the conflict to the plane of constructive interpersonal interaction.The purpose of this article is a comparative psychological analysis of the practical experience of the functioning of the institution of mediation on the basis of Russian courts of general jurisdiction.Thanks to the conducted psychological experiment, the main characteristics of the institution of mediation as part of judicial reconciliation were given; personal characteristics in the activities of a mediator are considered; the practice of mediation is analyzed using the example of the Stary Oskolsky City Court of the Belgorod Region, the Arbitration Court of the Belgorod Region, the Belgorod Regional Court, the Yakovlevsky District Court, the Oktyabrsky District Court of the city of Belgorod, the Gubkinsky City Court, the Belgorod District Court; comparative personal characteristics and behavioral styles of judges and mediators are given; An analysis of the results of psychological diagnostics of mediators working in courts and general practice judges was carried out.The following methods were used in the study: G. Eysenck’s «Self-Assessment of Mental States» test; test «Communicative and organizational aptitudes», authors V.V. Sinyavsky, V.A. Fedoroshin (KOS); questionnaire «Behavior style in conflict» by K. Thomas, R. Kilmann; author's questionnaire to study the work of general jurisdiction judges and mediators working in courts.In the presented study, various methods of processing the obtained data were used, including qualitative and quantitative, and mathematical approaches.
Comparison of Analgesia Methods Through a Web Platform in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery: Pilot Design, Implementation, and Validation Study
Authors: Trò Rosella , Orecchia Angelica , Disma Nicola , Uva Paolo , Cavanna Roberto , Zanardi Nicolò , Torre Michele , Fato Marco Massimo 
Published: July 2024

Background
Pain management is a vital and essential part of postoperative pectus excavatum (PE) care. Given the lack of an international consensus on guidelines for postoperative handling and evaluation, further research is necessary to compare the efficacy of existing pain management methods regarding pain relief, side effects, and long-term outcomes. In this context, the use of eHealth solutions for data mining can enhance data collection efficiency, reduce errors, and improve patient engagement. However, these digital health care frameworks are currently underused in the context of pain management for PE.

Objective
This research is part of the broader Cryoanalgesia for Pain Management After Pectus Excavatum Repair (COPPER) study conducted by Giannina Gaslini Children’s Hospital to address postoperative pain and recovery in PE patients treated with either standard thoracic epidural analgesia or cryoanalgesia, which is considered its innovative alternative approach. Specifically, this work is aimed at introducing a valuable tool for a comprehensive and quantitative comparison of the 2 analgesia strategies. The tool is a web and mobile app designed to facilitate data collection, management, and analysis of clinical data for pain assessment.

Methods
The adopted approach involves a careful design based on clinician input, resulting in an intuitive app structure with 3 main screens. Digital surveys are borrowed from paper surveys, including medical history and preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up evaluations. XTENS 2.0 was used to manage the data, and Ionic facilitated cross-platform app development, ensuring secure and adaptable data handling.

Results
Preliminary analysis on a pilot cohort of 72 patients (36 treated with standard therapy and 36 treated with cryoanalgesia) indicated successful patient enrollment and balanced representation across treatment groups and genders. Notably, hospital stay was significantly shorter with cryoanalgesia than with standard therapy (Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon 2-sided test with Bonferroni correction; P<.001; U statistic=287.5), validating its treatment efficacy.

Conclusions
This work is a step toward modernizing health care through digital transformation and patient-centered models. The app shows promise in streamlined data collection and patient engagement, although improvements in multilingual support, data validation, and incentivization of questionnaire completion are warranted. Overall, this study highlights the potential of digital health solutions in revolutionizing health care practices, fostering patient involvement, and improving care quality.
Changes in the Frequency of Actions Associated With Mental Health During Online Treatment: Analysis of Demographic and Clinical Factors
Authors: Bisby Madelyne , Staples Lauren , Dear Blake , Titov Nickolai 
Published: July 2024

Background
Specific daily actions (eg, goal setting, meaningful activities) are associated with mental health. Performing specific daily actions at a higher frequency is associated with significantly lower baseline symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as better psychological treatment outcomes for depression and anxiety.

Objective
This study explored how the frequency of specific daily actions associated with mental health may differ prior to, during, and following treatment according to demographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods
Using a sample of 448 patients from an Australian national digital psychology service, we examined baseline differences in daily action frequency and changes in daily action frequency during a digital psychological treatment according to demographic and clinical subgroups. A total of 5 specific types of daily actions were measured using the Things You Do Questionnaire: healthy thinking, meaningful activities, goals and plans, healthy habits, and social connections.

Results
The frequency of daily actions differed according to employment status (largest P=.005) and educational level (largest P=.004). Daily action frequency was lower in those participants with more severe or chronic depression or anxiety symptoms (largest P=.004). Participants reported larger increases in how often they did these daily actions from baseline to midtreatment compared to mid- to posttreatment. Depression duration (P=.01) and severity (P<.001) were associated with differences in how daily action frequency changed during treatment.

Conclusions
The findings of this study support continued research exploring the relationship between daily actions and mental health, how this relationship might differ between individuals, and the clinical potential of supporting individuals to increase the frequency of daily actions to improve mental health.
Implementation of a Virtual Reality Intervention in Outpatient Physiotherapy for Chronic Pain: Protocol for a Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Elser Alexander , Kopkow Christian , Schäfer Axel Georg 
Published: July 2024

Background
Chronic pain is a global health issue that causes physical, psychological, and social disabilities for patients, as well as high costs for societies. Virtual reality (VR) is a new treatment that provides an opportunity to narrow the gap between clinical practice and recommended care in the use of patient education and behavioral interventions in the outpatient physiotherapy setting. However, there is currently no implementation strategy to integrate VR treatments into this setting.

Objective
This protocol outlines a pilot implementation study that aims to (1) identify barriers and facilitators for implementing a VR intervention in outpatient physiotherapy care for people with chronic pain and (2) develop and pilot test an implementation strategy in 5 practices in Germany.

Methods
The study consists of 4 phases. The first phase involves adapting the treatment protocol of the VR intervention to the local context of outpatient physiotherapy practices in Germany. The second phase includes the collection of barriers and facilitators through semistructured interviews from physiotherapists and the development of a theory-driven implementation strategy based on the Theoretical Domains framework and the Behavior Change Wheel. This strategy will be applied in the third phase, which will also include a 6-month span of using VR interventions in practices, along with a process evaluation. The fourth phase consists of semistructured interviews to evaluate the developed implementation strategy.

Results
The recruitment process and phase 1, including the adaptation of the treatment protocol, have already been completed. We recruited 5 physiotherapy practices in Lower Saxony, Germany, where the VR intervention will be implemented. The collection of barriers and facilitators through semistructured interviews is scheduled to begin in February 2024.

Conclusions
This pilot implementation study aims to develop a theory-driven implementation strategy for integrating a VR intervention into outpatient physiotherapy care for people with chronic pain. The identified barriers and facilitators, along with the implementation strategy, will serve as a starting point for future randomized controlled implementation studies in different settings to refine the implementation process and integrate VR interventions into the outpatient care of people with chronic pain.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00030862; https://tinyurl.com/3zf7uujx

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/58089