bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive validity of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire in detecting post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with psychotic disorders
Authors: de Bont Paul A. J. M. , van den Berg David P. G. , van der Vleugel Berber M. , de Roos Carlijn , de Jongh Ad , van der Gaag Mark , van Minnen Agnes 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent in patients with a psychotic disorder. Because a PTSD diagnosis is often missed in patients with psychosis in routine care, a valid screening instrument could be helpful.AimsTo determine the validity of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) as a screening tool for PTSD among individuals with psychotic disorders.MethodAmong 2608 patients with a psychotic disorder, the rate of trauma exposure was determined and the TSQ was administered to screen for PTSD. PTSD status was verified in 455 patients using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (trial registration: ISRCTN 79584912).ResultsTrauma exposure was reported by 78.2% of the 2608 patients. PTSD prevalence was estimated at 16% (95% CI 14.6–17.4%) compared with 0.5% reported in the patients' clinical charts. A TSQ cut-off score of six predicted PTSD with 78.8% sensitivity, 75.6% specificity, 44.5% correct positives and 93.6% correct negatives.ConclusionsThe TSQ seems to be a valid screening tool for PTSD in patients with a psychotic disorder.
Specific effect of the fragile-X mental retardation-1 gene (FMR1) on white matter microstructure
Authors: Green Tamar , Barnea-Goraly Naama , Raman Mira , Hall Scott S. , Lightbody Amy A. , Bruno Jennifer L. , Quintin Eve-Marie , Reiss Allan L. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundFragile-X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability and neurobiological abnormalities including white matter microstructural differences. White matter differences have been found relative to neurotypical individuals.AimsTo examine whether FXS white matter differences are related specifically to FXS or more generally to the presence of intellectual disability.MethodWe used voxel-based and tract-based analytic approaches to compare individuals with FXS (n = 40) with gender- and IQ-matched controls (n = 30).ResultsIndividuals with FXS had increased fractional anisotropy and decreased radial diffusivity values compared with IQ-matched controls in the inferior longitudinal, inferior fronto-occipital and uncinate fasciculi.ConclusionsThe genetic variation associated with FXS affects white matter microstructure independently of overall IQ. White matter differences, found in FXS relative to IQ-matched controls, are distinct from reported differences relative to neurotypical controls. This underscores the need to consider cognitive ability differences when investigating white matter microstructure in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Incidence and 12-month outcome of childhood non-affective
psychoses: British national surveillance study
Authors: Tiffin Paul A. , Kitchen Charlotte E. W. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe schizophrenias are uncommon before the age of 14 but
incidence/prevalence figures are lacking. The 1-year incidence, clinical
features and short-term outcomes in childhood-onset schizophrenia spectrum
disorder were evaluated via the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Surveillance
System. Fifteen children with a provisional diagnosis were reported. Outcome
data were obtained for 12 individuals, 8 of whom met the diagnostic
criteria, equating to an estimated incidence of 0.21/100 000 (95% CI
0.08–0.34). Delusions and thought disorder were a more consistent predictor
of ‘caseness' than hallucinations. Illness outcomes at 1 year were generally
poor. Childhood-onset schizophrenia appears to be a rare but serious
disorder.
In Situ Incorporation of Pt Nanoparticles in Fluorine-doped SnO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films by a One-step Synthesis
Authors: Kim Hyuncheol , Kang Kyung-Mun , Han Wooje , Chang Young Chul , Park Hyung-Ho 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Incorporation of one-step-synthesized Pt nanoparticles (NPs) enhanced the electrical properties of direct-patternable fluorine (1.06 atom %)-doped SnO2 thin films without significant degeneration of the structural or optical properties. A fluorine-doped SnO2 thin film with 0.5 atom % Pt NPs showed slightly lower electrical resistivity than the pristine fluorine-doped SnO2 thin film due to the larger positive contribution of the reduction-catalytic effect of Pt NPs than the negative contribution from halide bond formation between fluorine ions and Pt NPs. However, above 0.5 atom % Pt NPs incorporation, the electrical resistivity of the fluorine-doped SnO2 thin film increased because the effects caused by halide bond formation are greater than those of the reduction-catalytic effect. Direct-patterning of fluorine-doped SnO2 thin films, after spin coating, was successfully performed with a line width of 60 µm.
One-pot Synthesis of Cobalt-doped Fe3O4 with Enhanced Catalytic Activity for Ozonation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang Linjiao , Zhang Qing , Wang Qian , Xing Shengtao 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Cobalt-doped Fe3O4 was prepared by a simple oxidation–precipitation method. Characterization results confirm that Co was successfully doped into Fe3O4. The doped Co increased the surface area, surface hydroxy groups and positive charge density of the product, which accelerated the decomposition of ozone into hydroxyl radicals. Cobalt-doped Fe3O4 exhibited high catalytic activity for the mineralization of 2,4-D by ozone in aqueous solution.
Digital collaborative learning: identifying what students value
Authors: Hemingway Claire , Adams Catrina , Stuhlsatz Molly 
Published: March 2015

Digital technologies are changing the learning landscape and connecting classrooms to learning environments beyond the school walls. Online collaborations among students, teachers, and scientists are new opportunities for authentic science experiences. Here we present findings generated on PlantingScience (www.plantingscience.org), an online community where scientists from more than 14 scientific societies have mentored over 14,000 secondary school students as they design and think through their own team investigations on plant biology. The core intervention is online discourse between student teams and scientist mentors to enhance classroom-based plant investigations. We asked: (1) what attitudes about engaging in authentic science do students reveal, and (2) how do student attitudes relate to design principles of the program? Lexical analysis of open-ended survey questions revealed that students most highly value working with plants and scientists. By examining student responses to this cognitive apprenticeship model, we provide new perspectives on the importance of the personal relationships students form with scientists and plants when working as members of a research community. These perspectives have implications for plant science instruction and e-mentoring programs.
Screening and surveillance CT abdomen/pelvis for metastases in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremity
Authors: Thompson M. J. , Ross J. , Domson G. , Foster W. 
Published: March 2015

Objectives The clinical utility of routine cross sectional imaging of the abdomen and pelvis in the screening and surveillance of patients with primary soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities for metastatic disease is controversial, based on its questionable yield paired with concerns regarding the risks of radiation exposure, cost, and morbidity resulting from false positive findings. Methods Through retrospective review of 140 patients of all ages (mean 53 years; 2 to 88) diagnosed with soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremity with a mean follow-up of 33 months (0 to 291), we sought to determine the overall incidence of isolated abdominopelvic metastases, their temporal relationship to chest involvement, the rate of false positives, and to identify disparate rates of metastases based on sarcoma subtype. Results A total of four patients (2.9%) exhibited isolated abdominopelvic metastatic disease during the surveillance period. In all cases of concomitant chest and abdominopelvic disease, chest involvement preceded abominopelvic involvement. There was a significant false positive rate requiring invasive workup. Conclusions In the setting of a relative paucity of evidence concerning a rare disease process and in difference to recently published investigations, we add a clinical cohort not supportive of routine cross sectional imaging of the abdomen and pelvis. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2015;4:45–9.
La responsabilidad por culpa patronal en el accidente o enfermedad laboral
Authors: Alfonso Gutiérrez Guillermo Eduardo 
Published: March 2015

El propósito principal de este artículo es abordar los diferentes aspectos de la responsabilidad que conlleva la actividad laboral para el empleador, específicamente aquellos derivados de la generación del accidente de trabajo o la enfermedad laboral, como son los concernientes a la responsabilidad laboral, la cual normalmente es transferida a terceros mediante el pago de aportes (ARL), la administrativa, penal y civil derivada de estos hechos, centrándome en lo concerniente a la responsabilidad civil derivada de la culpa patronal, esto es, de la culpa subjetiva derivada de la acción u omisión patronal que conlleva la generación del accidente de trabajo o la enfermedad laboral, verificando los aspectos generadores de la responsabilidad, así como las consecuencias legales y económicas que se puedan derivar de esta.
A Smile Face Monopole Antenna with Quadruple Band-Notched Characteristics
Authors: Yang Xiao-Lin , Kong Fang-Ling , Wang Yan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA compact planar ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics is presented. The notched band at 3.3–4.2 GHz (C-band) is obtained by embedding a pair of Z-shaped slots on the elliptical radiation patch. Meanwhile, a modified U-shaped slot is etched in the radiation patch to create the notched band at 4.9–5.4 GHz for WLAN. In addition, by introducing E-shaped stubs on the back layer, the notched bands at 5.5–6.1 GHz for WLAN and 7–8.15 GHz for downlink of X-band satellite communication system are obtained. The antenna is fabricated and measured, showing broadband matched impedance and good Omni-directional patterns with high fidelity and phase linearity (outside the notched bands).
Raman Amplifier Performance under New Wavelength Ranges
Authors: Khalaf Ashraf A. M. , Mustafa Fathy M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDue to the benefits of Raman amplifier (RA) for long-haul Ultra Wideband (UW)-WDM optical communications systems, we are studying and investigating how to widen the bandwidth and flatten the gain of RA by testing it in a new wider range of wavelengths (1.4 μm≤1. 1.4 μm≤2. 1.45 μm≤3. 1.65 μm≤4. 1.43 μm≤Different model sizes are used and analyzed to get wider bandwidth and more flat gain.
Numerical Analysis of Dispersion Compensation Schemes for Pseudo-linear Transmission System
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhao Yajing , Zhang Lu , Cai Ju , Zhou Wei , Liu Lichuan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA pseudo-linear optical transmission system analytical model is built for the numerical analysis of dispersion compensation schemes. The system performance under the influence of intra-channel nonlinear effects and the initial pulse power is discussed for the data rates of 10, 40, 100 and 160 Gbit/s, respectively. We get the conclusion for the first time as we know the optimal dispersion compensation scheme for the optimal system performance is closely related to the system data rate and the proportion of the pre-dispersion compensation should be decreased while that of the post-dispersion compensation be increased with the increasing of system data rate. When the system data rate is higher than 160 Gbit/s, we can use the post-dispersion compensation scheme directly.
Kant on Human Dignity
Authors: Bojanowski Jochen 
Published: March 2015

Abstract:In his book, “Kant on Human Dignity”, Oliver Sensen argues that the standard interpretation of Kant’s conception of human dignity as an absolute value property is mistaken. According to Sensen, the standard interpretation is based on the assumption that Kant endorses Moorean moral intutionism. This leads to the false view that we must first perceive that other human beings have value and then infer that we ought to respect them. Against this standard interpretation Sensen claims that Kant endorses moral prescriptivism. According to this view a value statement is “nothing more than a (rational) prescription that commands what we should value”. If we interpret Kant’s moral epistemology along these lines, we will come to see that dignity is in fact a relational concept. In this paper I want to agree with Sensen that Kant was not a moral intuitionist. In thinking that objectivity in morality would require that the moral law “exists” independently of rational cognizers the moral intuitionist presupposes a conception of objectivity rather than arguing for it. The unargued presupposition is that the object has to be something other than the cognizing subject itself. However, the fact that intuitionism is not the adequate account does not imply that the standard interprtation of Kant’s conception of human dignity is mistaken. In other words, the claim ‘intuitionism is false’ and ‘human dignity is an absolute value property’ are compatible. I believe that Sensen ultimately does not sufficiently appreciate the fact that the moral law is the form of
Kant’s Idea of Human Dignity: Between Tradition and Originality
Authors: Bacin Stefano 
Published: March 2015

Abstract:This paper focuses on the relationship between Kant and the traditional view of dignity. I argue that some amendments to Sensen’s description of the traditional paradigm enable us to see more clearly both where Kant adheres to the latter and where his view is original. First, a consideration of Pufendorf’s use of dignity suggests (1) that, contrary to Sensen’s reconstruction, the traditional paradigm does not entail a connection between dignity and duties to oneself, and (2) that Pufendorf’s understanding of dignity as a kind of esteem, as opposed to price, provides a crucial mediation between the traditional view and Kant’s view. Finally, I argue that the traditional understanding of dignity also includes a subordinate justificatory element that helps to explain Kant’s use of dignity in the
Kant on Human Dignity reconsidered
Authors: Sensen Oliver 
Published: March 2015

Abstract:The justification for Kant’s dictum to treat oneself and others never merely as a means can be read in very different ways. In this article I respond to comments made by Dieter Schönecker, Jochen Bojanowski, Heiner Klemme and Stefano Bacin on the justification I offer in my book
Crystal structure of 1,5-bis((1E)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)- thiocarbonohydrazide ethanol solvate, at 200 K, C19H24N4O5S
Authors: Schmitt Bonell , Gerber Thomas I. A. , Hosten Eric C , Betz Richard 
Published: March 2015

Abstract C19H24N4O5S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.0847(2) Å, b = 9.9392(2) Å, c = 19.5046(3) Å, β = 102.164(1)°, V = 2100.6 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0395, wRref(F2) = 0.1069, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of fac-tricarbonyl-chlorido-bis(para-N’,N’-dimethyl-κ- N-pyridyl)rhenium(I) toluene (1:1), C24H28ClN4O3Re
Authors: Schmitt Bonell , Gerber Thomas I. A. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: March 2015

Abstract C24H28ClN4O3Re, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.9185(3) Å, b = 27.2560(7) Å, c = 10.0375(2) Å, β = 109.082(1)°, V = 2564.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0471, wRref(F2) = 0.0886, T = 200 K.
Vítimas e perpetradores: Discurso reportado e identidade em narrativas de discriminação racial
Authors: Flannery Mércia S. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Narratives of racial discrimination can be organized through the utterance of an insult - overt discrimination - or through the interpretation that an action was motivated by prejudice - covert discrimination. One of the characteristics of these two types of narratives is the description and demonstration of the voices of those characters playing the roles of victim and perpetrator of discrimination. This article examines the role of reported speech to the construction of specific positions within four oral narratives, collected in Portuguese, in Northeast Brazil. Considering that every discourse is dialogic and intertextual, this study analyzes the forms of transmission of another’s voices, how these enable the narrators to construct positions defined in the story-world and to transmit ideas about the authorprotagonist and about the other. Through a linguistic analysis of narratives describing a social problem this article contributes to fill in the gap in the studies on language and race/racism.
A Tale of Two Borders: 19th Century Language Contact in Southern California and Northern Uruguay
Authors: Moyna María Irene , Coll Magdalena 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This is a qualitative analysis of the historical dimensions of Spanish-English and Spanish-Portuguese contact in the Americas, based on 19th century documents from southern California and northern Uruguay. Language mixing is found in both areas, but whereas in California it is limited to the earliest periods and to informal registers, in Uruguay it is long-lasting and pervades all social and stylistic levels. Additionally, there are differences in the linguistic scope of mixing in both borders. In California it manifests itself through borrowings and syntactic and semantic calques, whereas in Uruguayan documents switching within constituents is frequent and pervasive. Finally, writers in California exhibit metalinguistic awareness of language contact, whereas no such awareness is evinced by Uruguayan authors. Commonalities are attributable to universal outcomes of contact and to historical and social parallelisms, while differences are due to linguistic family resemblance and to more balanced prestige and demographics in northern Uruguay.
A Reanalysis of Paradigmatic Variation in the Old Spanish Imperfect
Authors: Henriksen Nicholas C. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Research on the history of the Old Spanish imperfect paradigm in -ie has yet to provide a consistent account of the morphological and phonological factors that contributed to the eradication of this paradigm from Spanish verb morphology. A detailed analysis that takes into account the interaction of factors that played an integral part in the evolution of other facets of Old Spanish morphology and phonology may shed more light on the disappearance of the -ie paradigm and the eventual restoration of its etymological competitor in -ia. The current investigation compares data from four Old Spanish texts with the purpose of examining the impact that five linguistic variables had on the Old Spanish imperfect between the late 13th and early 15th centuries. The results show that different sets of variables are responsible for variation in each text, indicating that -ie ~ -ia alternation was not attributable to the impact of one linguistic factor, but rather to that of a combination of multiple factors through time. Furthermore, the important discovery is made here that the development of the Old Spanish imperfect is best understood from a more comprehensive framework of Spanish diachrony.
Syntactic Variation: The Case of Spanish and Portuguese Subjects
Authors: Camacho José 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper traces formulations of variation in Generative Grammar by analyzing an increasing tendency to have overt subject changes in Dominican Spanish (DS) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Changes start by an increase in the frequency of overt pronominals that triggers a reorganization of the pronouns’ lexical entries. Two alternative paths of change are suggested: a) higher frequency can lead to pronominals with possible arbitrary interpretations; this, in turn, freezes them in Spec, IP, they begin to satisfy the Extended Projection Principle (EPP), and inflection loses its pronominal properties; b) higher frequency leads to freezing of the pronominal in Spec, IP, pronominals satisfy the EPP, inflection ceases to have pronominal properties and pronominals allow arbitrary interpretations. These two paths may explain the partially different properties BP and DS display. Finally, the paper sketches ways in which a theory of lexical features should constrain variation by limiting the possible changes in lexical entries.
The Role of Abstraction in Spanish Phonology: A Laboratory Perspective
Authors: Willis Erik W. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This viewpoint offers an opinion on the role of abstraction in phonology from a Laboratory Approaches perspective. The paper begins with a definition of abstraction and then provides examples of how a Laboratory Approach can clarify and contribute to our understanding of proposed abstract categories. Claims and findings on Dominican Spanish rhotics and current topics in Spanish intonation (pitch accents and boundary tones) are reviewed to illustrate the value of quantitative data. The value and importance of increased empirical data in phonological analysis is argued, regardless of theoretical bent, to better understand sound systems.
Phonological Evidence of Interlingual Exemplar Connections
Authors: Brown Esther L. , Harper David 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
We conduct quantitative analyses of 5,569 tokens of Spanish word-final /s/ in the speech of Spanish/English bilinguals and monolinguals to test the Exemplar Model of Lexical Representation. We establish that reduction (aspiration, deletion) of word-final /s/ in the speech of New Mexico is significantly lower in Spanish words whose English translation equivalent has a word-final /s/ and significantly higher in words with no word-final sibilant in their English counterpart. The same crosslinguistic similarity effect is not found in a nearly identical (monolingual) variety of Spanish (Chihuahua), owing, we argue, to the lack of influence from word-final /s/ in English. Results of variable rule analyses reveal that the bilingual exemplar connections are not uniform across all words. Rather, the crosslinguistic ties are strongest where more phonological, orthographic, or semantic overlap can be posited (i.e., cognates). Results provide evidence of bilingual lexical connections in support of an exemplar model of lexical representation.
Miami Cuban Spanish Declarative Intonation
Authors: Alvord Scott M. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The current study is a phonetic description and phonological analysis, using the Autosegmental Metrical (AM) theory of intonational phonology, of broad focus (neutral) declarative utterances in the Spanish of three generations of Miami Cubans. No differences were found across these three generations indicating the maintenance of a robust intonational pattern for declarative utterances. The prenuclear (non-final) pitch accent is analyzed to be L*+H and the nuclear pitch accent is L+H*. This phonological analysis is similar to what has been found for many other varieties of Spanish. A high rate of deaccenting, however, was observed in conjunction with the final lexically stressed syllable. The prevalence of deaccented final stressed syllables is unique to what has been found for other Spanish varieties.