bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of digital health access and use among US adults: a latent class analysis
Authors: Hegeman Phillip C. , Vader Daniel T. , Kamke Kristyn , El-Toukhy Sherine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Digital technologies allow users to engage in health-related behaviors associated with positive outcomes. We aimed to identify classes of US adults with distinct digital technologies access and health use patterns and characterize class composition. Data came from Health Information National Trends Survey Wave 5 Cycles 1–4, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US adults (N = 13,993). We used latent class analysis to identify digital technologies access and health use patterns based on 32 ternary variables of behaviors and access to requisite technologies and platforms, including the internet, internet-enabled devices, health monitors, and electronic health records (EHRs). We ran a multinomial logistic regression to identify sociodemographic and health correlates of class membership (n = 10,734).

Results
Ten classes captured patterns of digital technology access and health use among US adults. This included a digitally isolated, a mobile-dependent, and a super user class, which made up 8.9%, 7.8%, and 13.6% of US adults, respectively, and captured access patterns from only basic cellphones and health monitors to near complete access to web-, mobile-, and EHR-based platforms. Half of US adults belonged to classes that lacked access to EHRs and relied on alternative web-based tools typical of patient portals. The proportion of class members who used digital technologies for health purposes varied from small to large. Older and less educated adults had lower odds of belonging to classes characterized by access or engagement in health behaviors. Hispanic and Asian adults had higher odds of belonging to the mobile-dependent class. Individuals without a regular healthcare provider and those who had not visited a provider in the past year were more likely to belong to classes with limited digital technologies access or health use.

Discussion
Only one third of US adults belonged to classes that had near complete access to digital technologies and whose members engaged in almost all health behaviors examined. Sex, age, and education were associated with membership in classes that lacked access to 1 + digital technologies or exhibited none to limited health uses of such technologies. Results can guide efforts to improve access and health use of digital technologies to maximize associated health benefits and minimize disparities.
Mechanisms of regeneration: to what extent do they recapitulate development?
Authors: Aztekin Can 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
One of the enduring debates in regeneration biology is the degree to which regeneration mirrors development. Recent technical advances, such as single-cell transcriptomics and the broad applicability of CRISPR systems, coupled with new model organisms in research, have led to the exploration of this longstanding concept from a broader perspective. In this Review, I outline the historical parallels between development and regeneration before focusing on recent research that highlights how dissecting the divergence between these processes can uncover previously unreported biological mechanisms. Finally, I discuss how these advances position regeneration as a more dynamic and variable process with expanded possibilities for morphogenesis compared with development. Collectively, these insights into mechanisms that orchestrate morphogenesis may reshape our understanding of the evolution of regeneration, reveal hidden biology activated by injury, and offer non-developmental strategies for restoring lost or damaged organs and tissues.
Roles of collagen cross-links and osteon collagen/lamellar morphotypes in equine third metacarpals in tension and compression tests
Authors: Skedros John G. , Dayton Michael R. , Cronin John T. , Mears Chad S. , Bloebaum Roy D. , Wang Xiaodu , Bachus Kent N. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMany bones experience bending, placing one side in net compression and the other in net tension. Because bone mechanical properties are relatively reduced in tension compared with compression, adaptations are needed to reduce fracture risk. Several toughening mechanisms exist in bone, yet little is known of the influences of secondary osteon collagen/lamellar ‘morphotypes’ and potential interplay with intermolecular collagen cross-links (CCLs) in prevalent/predominant tension- and compression-loaded regions. Paired third metacarpals (MC3s) from 10 adult horses were prepared for mechanical testing. From one MC3/pair, 5 mm cubes were tested in compression at several mid-shaft locations. From contralateral bones, dumbbell-shaped specimens were tested in tension. Hence, habitual/natural tension- and compression-loaded regions were tested in both modes. Data included: elastic modulus, yield and ultimate strength, and energy absorption (toughness). Fragments of tested specimens were examined for predominant collagen fiber orientation (CFO; representing osteonal and non-osteonal bone), osteon morphotype score (MTS, representing osteonal CFO), mineralization, porosity and other histological characteristics. As a consequence of insufficient material from tension-tested specimens, CCLs were only examined in compression-tested specimens (HP, hydroxylysylpyridinoline; LP, lysylpyridinoline; PE, pentosidine). Among CCLs, only LP and HP/LP correlated significantly with mechanical parameters: LP with energy absorption, HP/LP with elastic modulus (both r=0.4). HP/LP showed a trend with energy absorption (r=−0.3, P=0.08). HP/LP more strongly correlated with osteon density and mineralization than CFO or MTS. Predominant CFO more strongly correlated with energy absorption than MTS in both testing modes. In general, CFO was found to be relatively prominent in affecting regional toughness in these equine MC3s in compression and tension.
Case Article—Three Mountain Communications: Fairness Considerations for Workplace Task Allocation
Authors: Wu Wei , Sharma Rashmi , Bansal Saurabh 
Published: July 2024

The case study has two primary objectives: incorporating fairness considerations in managerial decision making and introducing task allocation using an optimization model. The case focuses on a call center that faces the issue of daily task allocation. The current self-selection-based allocation protocol has created friction among employees. To enable employee satisfaction and boost team morale, the call center needs to develop an allocation model that is perceived to be fair by employees. The case tends to elicit enthusiastic participation from students, especially on the theme of workplace fairness and the role of gender and individual constraints on employees’ ability to excel at the workplace. Overall, students believed the case was challenging and that it provided them skills to combine (i) optimization modeling and (ii) qualitative considerations for workplace fairness that they studied in management and leadership courses. Supplemental Material: The Three Mountains Student Shell Excel spreadsheet is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2023.0044ca . The Teaching Note and the Three Mountains Solution Final Excel spreadsheet are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Supercontinua from integrated gallium nitride waveguides
Authors: Fan Weichen , Ludwig Markus , Rousseau Ian , Arabadzhiev Ivo , Ruhnke Bastian , Wildi Thibault , Herr Tobias 
Published: July 2024

Supercontinua are broadband spectra that are essential to optical spectroscopy, sensing, imaging, and metrology. They are generated from ultrashort laser pulses through nonlinear frequency conversion in fibers, bulk media, and chip-integrated waveguides. For any generating platform, balancing the competing criteria of strong nonlinearity, transparency, and absence of multiphoton absorption is a key challenge. Here, we explore supercontinuum generation in integrated gallium nitride (GaN) waveguides, which combine a high Kerr nonlinearity, mid-infrared transparency, and a large bandgap that prevents two- and three-photon absorption in the technologically important telecom C-band, where compact erbium-based pump lasers exist. Using this type of laser, we demonstrate tunable dispersive waves and gap-free spectra extending to almost 4 µm in wavelength, which is relevant to functional group chemical sensing. Additionally, leveraging the material’s second-order nonlinearity, we implement on-chip f-to-2f interferometry to detect the pump laser’s carrier-envelope offset frequency, which enables precision metrology. These results demonstrate the versatility of GaN-on-sapphire as a platform for broadband nonlinear photonics.
Diversity Governance: Gestaltung eines Diversitätssensiblen Ansatzes zur Automatisierten Identifikation und Reduktion Impliziter Diskriminierung in der Unternehmenskommunikation
Authors: Göritz Lorena , Beinke Jan Heinrich , Stattkus Daniel , Thomas Oliver 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDiversity-Programme verfolgen nicht nur das Ziel, wirtschaftliche Potenziale zu erschließen, sondern auch, die Entwicklung von Unternehmen hin zu einer zeitgemäßen und ethisch vertretbaren Unternehmenskultur zu fördern. Trotz der positiven Absichten der Unternehmen, Diversity-Programme umzusetzen, zeigen aktuelle Daten nur langsame Fortschritte in diesem Bereich. Mit der vorliegenden Studie wird ein innovativer Ansatz zur Förderung von Diversity in Unternehmen vorgestellt, der darauf ausgerichtet ist, implizite Diskriminierung in der Unternehmenskommunikation abzubauen. Ähnlich der Corporate Governance zielt die im Folgenden vorgestellte Diversity Governance darauf ab, die Handlungsspielräume von Mitarbeitenden und Führungskräften so zu gestalten, dass sie dazu befähigt werden, im Sinne von Diversity-Prinzipien zu kommunizieren. Im Rahmen dieser Studie werden Ergebnisse zur Konzeption und zur technischen Umsetzung einer Diversity-Governance-Software präsentiert, die Daten der Unternehmenskommunikation z. B. in Form von Texten und Bildern automatisiert auf implizite Diskriminierung analysiert. Eine automatisierte Prüfung der Unternehmenskommunikation durch Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) bietet einen entscheidenden Vorteil hinsichtlich der Geschwindigkeit und wird bei großen Analyseeinträgen auch nicht durch menschliche Phänomene wie Ermüdungseffekte in ihrer Konsistenz beeinflusst. Neben der Prüfung ist die Software auf die Weiterentwicklung der analysierten Texte und Bilder programmiert und unterstützt dabei durch KI-basierte Empfehlungen, bspw. für alternative Formulierungen. Um Feedback zur Konzeption und zur technischen Implementierung der Software zu erhalten, wurden zwölf Interviews mit Expert:innen aus dem Themenbereich Diversity durchgeführt, um aus den Ergebnissen praktische Handlungsempfehlungen für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Diversity Governance abzuleiten.
Global burden of fall and associated factors among individual with low vision: A systematic-review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ekemiri Kingsley , Ekemiri Chioma , Ezinne Ngozika , Virginia Victor , Okoendo Osaze , Seemongal-Dass Robin , Van Staden Diane , Abraham Carl 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Low vision has a significant global health problem that impacts the personal, economical, psychological, and social life of an individual. Each year around 684 000 individuals die from falls, 80% of these deaths occur are in low- and middle-income countries. The risk of falling significantly increases with visual impairment. This review aimed to determine the global pooled prevalence of fall and associated factors among individuals with low vision.

Methods and materials
Systematic search of published studies done on PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science CINAHL and, Google Scholar. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to report the findings. Quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects method using the STATA™ Version 14 software.

Result
Thirty-five (35) studies from different regions involving 175,297 participants included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled global prevalence fall among individual with low vision was17.7% (95% CI: 16.4–18.9) whereas the highest prevalence was 35.5%; (95% CI: 28.4–42.5) in Australia and the lowest was 19.7%; (95% CI: 7.6–31.8) seen in South America. Fear of falling (OR: 0.16(95%CI 0.09–0.30), and severity of visual impairment (OR: 0.27(95%CI (0.18–0.39) increases the odds of falling.

Conclusion
As one cause of accidental death, the prevalence of falls among individuals with low vision is high. Fear of falling and severity of falling increases the odds of falling. Different stakeholders should give due attention and plan effective strategies to reduce the fall among this population.
Perceptions of mental health, suicide and working conditions in the construction industry—A qualitative study
Authors: Aurelius Kristina , Söderberg Mia , Wahlström Viktoria , Waern Margda , LaMontagne Anthony D. , Åberg Maria 
Published: July 2024

Objective
The aim of the study was to explore perceptions of mental ill health, suicidal behaviour and working conditions among male construction workers, in order to gain an in-depth understanding of these phenomenon and to identify relevant avenues for workplace interventions.

Method
Data were collected in individual and group interviews, and 43 individuals from the Swedish construction industry, workers, union representative and managers, participated in the study. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results
Five main themes were found: Difficult to talk about mental health, Demanding working environment affects mental health, Substance abuse among construction workers, Importance of management, and Need for routines and social support in the workplace. Many participants reported that there was a stigma related to mental health. Suicides that had occurred among colleagues were perceived to come out of the blue. The working environment in the construction industry was perceived to have a negative effect on mental health, and it was reported that the management played an important role in both the cause and prevention of mental health problems.

Conclusions
The results from this Swedish study are in accordance with previous international research regarding a macho culture, stigma of mental health and a demanding working environment in the construction industry. The study adds to existing knowledge by highlighting that suicides were perceived to be very unexpected, that poor physical health affected mental health and that many participants did not know how to deal with mental health issues in the workplace.
Prognosing post-treatment outcomes of head and neck cancer using structured data and machine learning: A systematic review
Authors: Moharrami Mohammad , Azimian Zavareh Parnia , Watson Erin , Singhal Sonica , Johnson Alistair E. W. , Hosni Ali , Quinonez Carlos , Glogauer Michael 
Published: July 2024

Background
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting post-treatment survival and disease progression outcomes, including recurrence and metastasis, in head and neck cancer (HNC) using clinicopathological structured data.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted across the Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The methodological characteristics and performance metrics of studies that developed and validated ML models were assessed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST).

Results
Out of 5,560 unique records, 34 articles were included. For survival outcome, the ML model outperformed the Cox proportional hazards model in time-to-event analyses for HNC, with a concordance index of 0.70–0.79 vs. 0.66–0.76, and for all sub-sites including oral cavity (0.73–0.89 vs. 0.69–0.77) and larynx (0.71–0.85 vs. 0.57–0.74). In binary classification analysis, the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) of ML models ranged from 0.75–0.97, with an F1-score of 0.65–0.89 for HNC; AUROC of 0.61–0.91 and F1-score of 0.58–0.86 for the oral cavity; and AUROC of 0.76–0.97 and F1-score of 0.63–0.92 for the larynx. Disease-specific survival outcomes showed higher performance than overall survival outcomes, but the performance of ML models did not differ between three- and five-year follow-up durations. For disease progression outcomes, no time-to-event metrics were reported for ML models. For binary classification of the oral cavity, the only evaluated subsite, the AUROC ranged from 0.67 to 0.97, with F1-scores between 0.53 and 0.89.

Conclusions
ML models have demonstrated considerable potential in predicting post-treatment survival and disease progression, consistently outperforming traditional linear models and their derived nomograms. Future research should incorporate more comprehensive treatment features, emphasize disease progression outcomes, and establish model generalizability through external validations and the use of multicenter datasets.
PELAKSANAAN TUGAS PEMBANTUAN OLEH DINAS KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH DALAM RANGKA PENGELOLAAN PELABUHAN PERIKANAN
Authors: Nurhadi Amalia , Diamantina Amalia , Indarja Indarja 
Published: July 2024

Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki potensi yang besar di bidang kelautan dan perikanan. Keberadaan pelabuhan perikanan di Jawa Tengah menunjukkan komitmen untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan potensi kelautan dan perikanan di wilayah tersebut. Permasalahan yang kerap timbul dalam rangka pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan yaitu kurangnya sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang kompeten untuk mengelola pelabuhan perikanan serta adanya ketegangan antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah akibat ketidakselarasan kebijakan yang berlaku di tingkat nasional dengan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisis pelaksanaan tugas pembantuan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam rangka pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis. Jenis data yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara guna mendukung validitas dan ketepatan data. Untuk menganalisis temuan, penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep tugas pembantuan di bidang kelautan dan perikanan telah mengalami perkembangan, terutama terkait asal penugasan dan ruang lingkup tugas pembantuan. Permen KP No. 41 Tahun 2021 lebih fleksibel dan fokus pada kegiatan fisik, sedangkan Permen KP No. 3 Tahun 2023 lebih spesifik dan berbasis pada jenis urusan pemerintahan. Pelaksanaan tugas pembantuan pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan di Jawa Tengah didasarkan pada Perda Provinsi Jateng No. 1 Tahun 2013 dan PP No. 27 Tahun 2021. Namun, belum dilaksanakan dengan baik, karena Dinas hanya mengelola sebagian pelabuhan yang sudah diserahkan oleh Daerah Kabupaten/Kota kepada Daerah Provinsi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh perubahan kewenangan dalam pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan antara Daerah Kabupaten/Kota dan Daerah Provinsi, yang belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh semua Daerah Kabupaten/Kota. Kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara ketentuan hukum dan praktik di lapangan sehingga menimbulkan potensi penyimpangan hukum. Hambatan utama juga muncul dalam keterbatasan anggaran dan sumber daya manusia, yang diatasi melalui pendekatan strategis seperti penggunaan dana anggaran dari pusat dan APBD serta pelatihan bagi staf di pelabuhan perikanan untuk menangani kekurangan sumber daya manusia.
Zalmoxis’ Medical Holism in the Charmides
Authors: Benati Edoardo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper studies an argument in the prologue of the Charmides which defends the view that it is impossible to cure the body independently of the soul. I argue that Socrates is committed to an account of the psychē as an embodied soul, causally responsible for the biological condition of the body. Furthermore, the prescription of kaloi logoi as a treatment for the soul’s biological failures suggests that Socrates appears to initially regard the ethical and biological dimensions of the soul as intimately connected. But I also show that Socrates is unable to maintain this position consistently throughout the passage. A similar conflation of functions can be traced in R. X.608d–611a.
The expression and biological role of complement C1s in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ge Ruomu , Luan Zhengyun , Guo Ting , Xia Sheng , Ye Jun , Xu Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The present work focused on investigating the role of the altered expression of complement C1s in proliferation and apoptosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and explore its biological functions in ESCC, so as to lay a theoretical foundation and provide certain clinical reference for diagnosing and treating ESCC. Complement C1s expression within ESCC was assessed, and its clinical pathological characteristics in ESCC patients were analyzed. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were performed to further explore the mechanisms by which complement C1s affected ESCC. According to the results, complement C1s expression within ESCC markedly increased relative to adjacent non-cancerous samples. High C1s expression showed positive relation to race, residual lesion, and tumor location of ESCC patients. Complement C1s affected ESCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Notably, C1s knockdown significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and enhanced their apoptosis. C1s suppressed ESCC cell proliferation via Wnt1/β-catenin pathway and promoted their apoptosis through modulating the expression of Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase3.
HSPB1 alleviates acute-on-chronic liver failure via the P53/Bax pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhixiang , Guo Jinwei , Zhu Jincan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The mortality rate of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) remains significantly elevated; hence, this study aimed to investigate the impact of heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) on ACLF in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanism. This study used the ACLF mouse model, and liver damage extent was studied employing Masson trichrome, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Sirius red staining, and serum biochemical indices. Similarly, hepatocyte injury in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced L02 cells was evaluated using cell counting kit-8 assay, enzymatic activity, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assay, while the underlying mechanism was investigated using western blot. Results showed that the morphology of liver tissue in ACLF mice was changed and was characterized by cirrhosis, fibrosis, collagen fiber deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, and elevated liver injury indices. Moreover, HSPB1 was upregulated in both ACLF patients and mice, where overexpressing HSPB1 was found to inhibit ACLF-induced liver damage. Similarly, the HSPB1 expression in LPS-treated L02 cell lines was also increased, where overexpressing HSPB1 was found to promote cell viability, inhibit liver injury-related enzyme activity, and suppress apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that HSPB1 was responsible for inhibiting p-P53 and Bax protein levels, where activated P53 counteracted HSPB1’s effects on cellular behaviors. In conclusion, HSPB1 attenuated ACLF-induced liver injury in vivo and inhibited LPS-induced hepatocyte damage in vitro, suggesting that HSPB1 may be a novel target for ACLF therapy.