bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathway connectivity and signaling coordination in the yeast stress‐activated signaling network
Authors: Chasman Deborah , Ho Yi‐Hsuan , Berry David B , Nemec Corey M , MacGilvray Matthew E , Hose James , Merrill Anna E , Lee M Violet , Will Jessica L , Coon Joshua J , Ansari Aseem Z , Craven Mark , Gasch Audrey P 
Published: November 2014

AbstractStressed cells coordinate a multi‐faceted response spanning many levels of physiology. Yet knowledge of the complete stress‐activated regulatory network as well as design principles for signal integration remains incomplete. We developed an experimental and computational approach to integrate available protein interaction data with gene fitness contributions, mutant transcriptome profiles, and phospho‐proteome changes in cells responding to salt stress, to infer the salt‐responsive signaling network in yeast. The inferred subnetwork presented many novel predictions by implicating new regulators, uncovering unrecognized crosstalk between known pathways, and pointing to previously unknown ‘hubs’ of signal integration. We exploited these predictions to show that Cdc14 phosphatase is a central hub in the network and that modification of RNA polymerase II coordinates induction of stress‐defense genes with reduction of growth‐related transcripts. We find that the orthologous human network is enriched for cancer‐causing genes, underscoring the importance of the subnetwork's predictions in understanding stress biology.
A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study of the Risk of Uterine, Ovarian and Breast Cancer in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Shen Cheng-Che , Yang Albert C. , Hung Jeng-Hsiu , Hu Li-Yu , Tsai Shih-Jen 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. We used a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between PCOS and the subsequent development of gynecological cancers including uterine, breast, or ovarian cancer.

Methods.
We identified subjects who were diagnosed with PCOS between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2004, in the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database. A comparison cohort was constructed for patients without known PCOS who were also matched according to age. All PCOS and control patients were observed until diagnosed with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or uterine cancer or until death, withdrawal from the NHI system, or December 31, 2009.

Results.
The PCOS cohort consisted of 3,566 patients, and the comparison cohort consisted of 14,264 matched control patients without PCOS. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of uterine cancer and breast cancer in subjects with PCOS were higher (HR: 8.42 [95% confidence interval: 1.62–43.89] and HR: 1.99 [95% confidence interval: 1.05–3.77], respectively) than that of the controls during the follow-up. With the Monte Carlo method, only the mean adjusted HR of 1,000 comparisons for developing uterine cancer during the follow-up period was greater for the PCOS group than for the control groups (HR: 4.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.57–14.11).

Conclusion.
PCOS might increase the risk of subsequent newly diagnosed uterine cancer. It is critical that further large-scale, well-designed studies be conducted to confirm the association between PCOS and gynecological cancer risk.
Custos na prestação de serviço público de saúde do município de São João do Oeste - SC: um estudo empírico
Authors: Eyerkaufer Marino Luiz , Boff Marines Lucia , Olinquevitch José Leônidas , Gauer Judite Rasch Bracht 
Published: November 2014

Objetiva-se identificar o custo da prestação de serviço público do transporte de pacientes para fora do Município da Secretaria da Saúde de São João do Oeste – SC, visando concluir pela sua manutenção sob responsabilidade direta do município, ou então, pela sua terceirização. Trata-se de um estudo teórico eempírico, que se caracteriza como descritivo e quantitativo. Por meio de coleta documental, chegou-se aos dados numéricos municipais, como viagens realizadas, pacientes transportados, veículos utilizados neste transporte e mão-de-obra direta e indireta, envolvidas neste tipo de prestação de serviço nos meses de abril, maio, junho e julho de 2006. Aplicou-se questionário às empresas do setor, interessadas em prestar o serviço de forma terceirizada. Para atender ao objetivo proposto e dar sustentação ao tema, buscou-se na literatura conceitos de: contabilidade, contabilidade de custo, análise de custos, prestação de serviços, sistemas de custo, métodos de custeio, contabilidade pública, serviços públicos, terceirização, terceirização no setor público e saúde pública. Conclui-se, por meio da pesquisa, que o custo da prestação do serviço público de transporte de pacientes da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São João do Oeste - SC é elevado, porém, está abaixo do custo orçado para a terceirização, devendo a municipalidade optar pela manutenção do serviço.
The Relation between Managerial Ability and Audit Fees and Going Concern Opinions
Authors: Krishnan Gopal V. , Wang Changjiang 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARY
While prior research has examined the relation between firm-level attributes and auditors' decisions, there is little empirical evidence on whether managerial attributes are informative to auditors. We examine the relation between managerial ability, i.e., ability in transforming corporate resources to revenues, and audit fees and a going concern opinion. We use the managerial ability measure recently developed by Demerjian, Lev, and McVay (2012). We find that incremental to firm-level attributes, both audit fees and the likelihood of issuing a going concern opinion are decreasing in managerial ability. Collectively, our findings support the notion that managerial ability is relevant to auditors' decisions.
Facilitating Brainstorming: Impact of Task Representation on Auditors' Identification of Potential Frauds
Authors: Chen Wei , Khalifa Amna Saeed , Trotman Ken T. 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARY
Individual auditor brainstorming is an important input to group brainstorming. In a setting where multiple potential frauds exist, we examine the effect of brainstorming task representation (simultaneous versus sequential unpacking of potential frauds) on individual auditors' identification of potential frauds and fraud risk assessments. Results from an experiment with experienced auditors show that the sequential unpacking of the brainstorming task into risk categories (potential frauds identified for each category individually) leads to a greater quantity and quality of potential frauds identified by auditors compared to the simultaneous unpacking (potential frauds identified for the categories together). Additional analysis suggests that the positive effect of sequential unpacking on the quality of frauds identified persists when auditors subsequently receive frauds identified by other team members. We also find a potential negative effect of sequential unpacking as it reduces auditors' fraud risk assessments thus potentially reducing the level of professional skepticism.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Mechanism of Action, Efficacy and Safety of Emergency Hormonal Contraception (levonorgestrel and ulipristal acetate) and Attitudes of Pharmacists
Authors: Milosavljević Jelena , Ilić Katarina , Krajnović Dušanka 
Published: November 2014

Summary
Emergency hormonal contraception is used to prevent unintended pregnancy postcoitally. The mechanism of action of the most frequently used hormonal preparations for emergency contraception, levonorgestrel (LNG) and ulipristal acetate (UPA), is still not fully known, but clinical trials indicate that they act by inhibiting or delaying ovulation. LNG has a long history of use for emergency contraception, proven safety and high efficacy if administered in the preovulation period. The newest emergency contraceptive, UPA, available only with a prescription, is indicated within this period of 120 hours after sexual intercourse and the data indicate that UPA does not lose efficacy within this period. Clinical trials showed its noninferiority versus LNG and its effect on the potentially occurring pregnancy is being additionally monitored. However, many misconceptions and controversial opinions about emergency contraception are still present, even among pharmacists. A search of Medline database identified 20 papers published from January 1993 to December 2012, on pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to emergency contraception. In these papers, the attitudes of pharmacists pertaining to the dispensing regime of emergency contraception were different. Research in Australia has shown that personal attitudes and religious convictions influence the practice of dispensing emergency contraception. In the research conducted in New Mexico, 30% of pharmacists were against prescribing emergency contraception for religious or moral reasons. There were no published data in regards to pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes and dispensing practice in Serbia and such research is highly recommended.
Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Spasić Ana , Radovanović Radmila Veličković , Đorđević Aleksandra Catić , Stefanović Nikola , Cvetković Tatjana 
Published: November 2014

Summary
The presence of diabetes mellitus leads to a decrease in life quality in all domains. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in diabetic patients and the factors affecting it in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients.
We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 86 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in the territory of the City of Niš. Health-related QOL of patients was measured using the short form survey (SF-36) that produces an 8-scale health profile.
The average duration of diabetes was 12.76±8.08 years. The best QOL in all areas was observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes less than 10 years ago p<0.05) and younger than 65 years. Male respondents perceived a better QOL compared to women, especially in the vitality and pain domains. The patients with comorbidity (93.64%) had lower QOL score in all domains. There was no significant difference in the QOL of patients with diabetes compared to the level of education.
High QOL represents an ultimate goal and an important outcome of all medical interventions in diabetic patients. Factors related to lower QOL included: older age, female gender, and existence of comorbidities. Uncontrolled diabetic patients had a lower QOL than controlled diabetics.
Examination of zinc adsorption capacity of soils treated with different pyrolysis products
Authors: Rétháti Gabriella , Vejzer Adrienn , Simon Barbara , Benjared Ramadan , Füleky György 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Organic matter input into soils is essential regarding agricultural, environmental and soil science aspects as well. However, the application of the pyrolysed forms of biochars and materials with different organic matter content gained more attention in order to decrease the emission of the green house gases (CO2, N2O) from the soil. During pyrolysis, the materials containing high organic matter (biomass-originated organic matter) are heated in oxygen-free (or limited amount of oxygen) environment. As a result, the solid phase, which remains after eliminating the gases and liquid phase, is more stable compared to the original product, it cannot be mineralized easily in the soil and its utilization is more beneficial in terms of climatic aspects. Furthermore, it can improve soil structure and it can retain soil moisture and cations in the topsoil for long periods of time, which is very important for plants. In our experiment, the effects of biochar and bone char were examined on soils by zinc adsorption experiments. Based on our experiments, we concluded that the pyrolysis products can have significant Zn adsorption capacity compared to the soil. Bone ash can adsorb more Zn than the charcoal product. The Zn adsorption capacity of soils treated by pyrolysis products can be described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms. However, based on the amount of pyrolysis products, one or two term Langmuir isotherm fits well on the experiment data, which depends on the time the pyrolysis product has spent in the soil.
Monitoring the degradation of partly decomposable plastic foils
Authors: Rétháti Gabriella , Pogácsás Krisztina , Heffner Tamás , Simon Barbara , Czinkota Imre , Tolner László , Kelemen Ottó , Vargha Viktória 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We have monitored the behaviour of different polyethylene foils including virgin medium density polyethylene (MDPE), MDPE containing pro-oxydative additives (238, 242) and MDPE with pro-oxydative additives and thermoplastic starch (297) in the soil for a period of one year. A foil based on a blend of polyester and polylactic acid (BASF Ecovio) served as degradable control. The experiment was carried out by weekly measurements of conductivity and capacity of the soil, since the setup was analogous to a condenser, of which the insulating layer was the foil itself. The twelve replications allowed monthly sampling; the specimen taken out from the soil each month were tested visually for thickness, mechanical properties, morphological and structural changes, and molecular mass. Based on the obtained capacity values, we found that among the polyethylene foils, the one that contained thermoplastic starch extenuated the most. This foil had the greatest decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break due to the presence of thermoplastic starch. The starch can completely degrade in the soil; thus, the foil had cracks and pores. The polyethylene foils that contained pro-oxydant additives showed smaller external change compared to the virgin foil, since there was no available UV radiation and oxygen for their degradation. The smallest change occurred in the virgin polyethylene foil. Among the five examined samples, the commercially available BASF foil showed the largest extenuation and external change, and it deteriorated the most in the soil.
Rigid Polyurethane Foam Thermal Insulation Protected with Mineral Intumescent Mat
Authors: Kirpluks Mikelis , Cabulis Ugis , Zeltins Viesturs , Stiebra Laura , Avots Andris 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
One of the biggest disadvantages of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams is its low thermal resistance, high flammability and high smoke production. Greatest advantage of this thermal insulation material is its low thermal conductivity (λ), which at 18-28 mW/(m•K) is superior to other materials. To lower the flammability of PU foams, different flame retardants (FR) are used. Usually, industrially viable are halogenated liquid FRs but recent trends in EU regulations show that they are not desirable any more. Main concern is toxicity of smoke and health hazard form volatiles in PU foam materials. Development of intumescent passive fire protection for foam materials would answer problems with flammability without using halogenated FRs. It is possible to add expandable graphite (EG) into PU foam structure but this increases the thermal conductivity greatly. Thus, the main advantage of PU foam is lost. To decrease the flammability of PU foams, three different contents 3%; 9% and 15% of EG were added to PU foam formulation. Sample with 15% of EG increased λ of PU foam from 24.0 to 30.0 mW/(m•K). This paper describes the study where PU foam developed from renewable resources is protected with thermally expandable intumescent mat from Technical Fibre Products Ltd. (TFP) as an alternative to EG added into PU material. TFP produces range of mineral fibre mats with EG that produce passive fire barrier. Two type mats were used to develop sandwich-type PU foams. Also, synergy effect of non-halogenated FR, dimethyl propyl phosphate and EG was studied. Flammability of developed materials was assessed using Cone Calorimeter equipment. Density, thermal conductivity, compression strength and modulus of elasticity were tested for developed PU foams. PU foam morphology was assessed from scanning electron microscopy images.
Design of Nonwoven Carpets to Upgrade Sound Isolation Features in Automobiles
Authors: Atakan Raziye , Karakaş Hale , Sezer Serdar , İpek Süleyman , Aravi İpek , Yıldırım Cansu , Şen Ezgi 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
With the increases of the expected properties of textile products, better and advanced new designs are being created. Textiles used in vehicles are increasing, and the current performance of the expectations bar is determined by automobile manufacturers. While meeting the expectations of users in the vehicle mechanically, but also disturbing the user during operation of the mechanical properties of this ratio should be minimized. This study was intended to minimize sound transmission of nonwoven textile components, which are used in cars as silencer parts. For that purpose, four different models were developed in this study. First model consists of three designs for baggage carpets. Second model has six designs for floor coverings. Third model comprises two designs inner dash felt and finally fourth model includes two designs of hood liners. The acoustical absorption coefficients and transmission loss of these carpets were tested and evaluated in the frequency range of 16-6300 Hz. The measurements demonstrated that nonwoven layer is a very significant and effective part of a carpet due to its contribution in the sound isolation. With this study, it has been determined which layer has better performance on sound absorption and transmission loss among different carpet types. A combination of heavy layer and nonwoven layer carpets is found to be benefit for noise and sound insulation.
Experimental Researches Regarding the Ecological Dyeing with Natural Extracts
Authors: Budeanu Ramona , Curteza Antonela , Radu Cezar Doru 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The concept of ‘environmental awareness’ has recently had a major impact on the textile industry and on the fashion world as well. In this context, the use of natural fibres and the development of natural dyeing processes gradually became important goals of the textile industry. Of all natural textile fibres, hemp is considered to be one of the strongest and most durable. A wide range of natural extracts have been used for natural textile coloration and dyeing. Dyes deriving from natural sources have emerged as an important alternative to synthetic dyes. Ecofriendly, nontoxic, sustainable and renewable natural dyes and pigments have been used for colouring the food substrate, leather, wood, natural fibres and fabrics from the dawn of human history. The purpose of the research is to obtain ecologically coloured fabrics for textiles by using a method of dyeing that relies on natural ingredients extracted from red beet, onion leaves and black tea. The experiments are conducted on three different types of hemp fabrics. This paper presents the results of the studies regarding the dyeing process of hemp fabrics with natural extracts, the colours of the dyed samples inspected with reflectance spectra and the CIE L*a*b* colour space measurements.
Germination and Growth in Control and Primed Seeds of Pepper as Affected by Salt Stress
Authors: Aloui H. , Souguir M. , Latique S. , Hannachi C. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Salinity is an important abiotic stress which can affect crop production in the world. One of the simplest methods for improving salinity tolerance of plants is seeds priming. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of seeds priming with three solutions (KCl , NaCl and CaCl2) in germination and later growth of three pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars: Beldi, Baklouti and Anaheim Chili. Seeds germination was conducted in a completely randomized design under seven salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 g L-1) at room temperature for primed and control seeds. Plants derived from these germinated seeds (control and primed) were transplanted and cultivated in a greenhouse for 4 months and were irrigated permanently with seven salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 g L-1). The results showed that salinity affected all parameters under study like total germination percentage and chlorophyll level (a and b). As well, proline content increased as response to increasing salinity. The plants derived and grown from primed seeds showed a considerable tolerance to salt stress and gave better results. In fact, priming improved the salt resistance of pepper owing to more chlorophyll and proline accumulation. These results suggest that seed priming induced possible physiological adjustments in pepper seeds, especially in the early stages of development, and could be used as a suitable tool for improving germination and growth characteristics under salt stress conditions.
“I get paid for my American accent”: the story of one Multilingual English Teacher (MET) in Japan
Authors: Galloway Nicola 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The flourishing research being published in the Global Englishes paradigm is increasing awareness of how English is used as a global lingua franca in international contexts. Such research has a number of implications for the English Language Teaching (ELT) industry, particularly in Expanding Circle countries, such as Japan where English is no longer being learnt as a mere ‘foreign’ language. However, the Native English Speaker (NES) episteme continues to dominate and, despite increasing calls for curriculum change, including the employment of more Non-native English Speaking Teachers (NNESTs) or Multilingual English Teachers (METs), NESs continue to fill teaching positions worldwide, perpetuating stereotypes about ‘correct’ and ‘standard’ English. The current study investigates the implementation of curriculum change at the practical level, aiming to investigate the experiences of NNESTs teaching outside of their home context in Japan. Despite calls for the employment of such teachers, who may serve as better role models for students than a monolingual NES, little research has been conducted with NNESTs teaching outside of their home countries. This study aims to fill this gap. It is part of a larger study, which includes longitudinal data collection with several participants in different countries (n=20), including practicing and pre-service teachers, via interviews, diaries and focus groups. This article reports the first interview documenting the experience of one multilingual NNEST in Japan, who has been forced to take on a ‘fake American’ identity. This single narrative provides insights into the experience of this teacher, highlighting the number of obstacles to implementing curriculum reform in the Japanese context. It provides preliminary insights into the identity of METs and the strategies they employ to maintain authority and legitimacy in the classroom.
Summary of Occurrence and Taxonomy of Silicified
Agathoxylon-Type of Wood in Late Paleozoic Basins of the
Czech Republic
Authors: Mencl Václav , Bureš Jan , Sakala Jakub 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The late Paleozoic deposits in several basins in the Czech Republic are well
known for their abundance of silicified stems. Despite the fact they have been
known since 19th century, there are few modern works of this material. The stems
have been known to occur at several stratigraphic levels. During the course of
recent field work such material has been found at additional levels. Most of
them belong to the genus Agathoxylon, divided here into two
types: cordaitalean plants and conifers. Based on previous data from Intra
Sudetic and Pilsen Basins, and new material from Krkonoše Piedmont and
Kladno-Rakovník Basins, this work compiles and compares the occurrence,
anatomical features and taxonomy of silicified Agathoxylon-type of stems through
four studied areas. The various cordaitalean - conifer ratio among all basins
reflect different palaeoenvironment in each of them.