bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness of quantitative cartilage measures over one year in knee osteoarthritis: Comparison of radiography and MRI assessments
Authors: Cromer Megan S. , Bourne Roger M. , Fransen Marlene , Fulton Roger , Wang Shih‐Chang 
Published: April 2013

PurposeTo directly compare the responsiveness of quantitative imaging measures of disease progression in knee osteoarthritis (OA). In the medial compartment of the knee comparison was made between: 1) radiographic joint space narrowing (JSN); 2) global quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) of cartilage volume; 3) regional qMRI of cartilage thickness; and 4) regional analysis using an ordered value (OV) methodology.Materials and Methods3T MRI and weight‐bearing radiography of the knees were performed at baseline and 1‐year timepoints in 23 subjects (mean age 63 years) with symptomatic knee OA. Standardized response means (SRM) were calculated for each measure. Statistical analysis to determine significance of change between timepoints was performed with a two‐tailed Student's t‐test (JSN, global, regional analysis) and nonparametric Mann‐Whitney test (ordered values).ResultsAt 1 year, global cartilage volume losses of 2.3% (SRM −0.44) in the medial tibia and 6.9% in the medial femur (SRM −0.74) were recorded. SRM for JSN was −0.46. Regional analysis revealed largest reductions in cartilage thickness in the external (SRM −0.84) weight‐bearing subregion of the medial femur and in the posterior subregion of the medial tibia (SRM −0.79). OV analysis in the medial compartment revealed areas of cartilage thinning (four ranked OV) and cartilage thickening (two ranked OV).ConclusionThe MRI OV approach proved to be a superior analysis tool for detecting changes in cartilage morphology over a 1‐year period. Radiographically defined JSN was found to be the least responsive measurement method of knee OA disease progression. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:103–109. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of high‐intensity ultrasound on the physicochemical properties and nanostructure of citrus pectin
Authors: Zhang Lifen , Ye Xingqian , Xue Sophia Jun , Zhang Xianzhong , Liu Donghong , Meng Ruifeng , Chen Shiguo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundModified pectin has been found to have various biological activities. The preparation of modified pectin is generally accomplished by either chemical or enzymatic depolymerisation processes, but both methods have several disadvantages. Ultrasound treatment is simple and requires shorter times and lower temperatures than conventional techniques used for processing plant materials. In recent years the application of ultrasound to modify polysaccharides has received increasing attention. The objective of this study was to use ultrasound to modify citrus pectin.ResultsThe average molecular weight of citrus pectin decreased under different ultrasonic conditions. The average molecular weight decreased from 464 to 296 kDa after 30 min of sonication. The degree of methylation of citrus pectin changed slightly and its monosaccharide component remained unchanged when high‐intensity ultrasound was applied. The reduced (Gal + Ara)/Rha ratio after ultrasonication suggested degradation in the neutral sugar side chains of citrus pectin. Atomic force microscopy results confirmed the degradation of citrus pectin chains by ultrasound at nanolevel.ConclusionUltrasound is an effective way to pretreat or modify pectin. The degradation of citrus pectin is due to the cavitational effects of ultrasound. Thus ultrasound may be useful in establishing environmentally friendly extraction and modification technologies for pectin. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Optimisation of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) with response surface methodology
Authors: İlbay Zeynep , Şahin Selin , Kırbaşlar Ş İsmail 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound‐assisted extraction of polyphenols from rosehip (Rosa canina L.) was investigated. The aim of the study was to examine the extraction parameters such as extraction time (30–90 min), temperature (30–50 °C) and solvent concentration (40–100% ethanol, v/v), and to obtain the best possible combinations of these parameters by using response surface methodology.ResultsThe experiments were performed according to the face‐centred central design. Total phenolic content was expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of dried matter (DM). The second‐order polynomial model gave a satisfactory description of the experimental data. 47.23 mg GAE g−1 DM was predicted at the optimum operating conditions (40% EtOH composition, 50 °C of temperature, and 81.23 min of extraction time).ConclusionAll of the parameters (ethanol concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature) used in this research have the significant effect on the extraction efficiency of total phenolic content in rosehip extracts (P < 0.05). The solvent concentration was proved to be the most significant effective on the yields obtained by ultrasound‐assisted extraction. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Antifungal action of Pichia anomala against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and its application as a feed supplement
Authors: Tayel Ahmed A , El‐Tras Wael F , Moussa Shaaban H , El‐Agamy Moustafa A 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe disastrous problem of animal feed contamination by mycotoxigenic fungi continues to challenge researchers and health overseers worldwide. With the aim of preventing Aspergillus flavus growth in vitro and in corn feed, the yeast Pichia anomala was examined as a biocontrol agent.RESULTSThe yeast strain could efficiently prohibit the growth of A. flavus. P. anomala was able to produce exo‐chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase which could be suggested as a mode of action for its antifungal activity. Scanning electron microscopy of cultured P. anomala with fungal hypha revealed that A. flavus was colonised by the biocontrol yeast which subsequently led to complete hyphal lysis and deterioration. The supplementation with of P. anomala cells, as a protein source, led to an obvious increase in animals' weight gain and protein content in feed grain. Moreover, after consumption of P. anomala‐supplemented feed, there was a remarkable decrease in the mortality rate among fed animals.CONCLUSIONP. anomala could be strongly recommended as a biocontrol agent against A. flavus which contaminates animal feed. Furthermore, the application of yeast cells, as a feed additive, proved its efficiency for escalating protein content and enhancing animal performance. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Ethylene–ethyl acrylate copolymers via ADMET polymerization: Effect of sequence distribution on thermal properties
Authors: Li Zi‐Long , Li Lei , Deng Xin‐Xing , Lv An , Wang Chun‐Hao , Du Fu‐Sheng , Li Zi‐Chen 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTCopolymers of ethylene and ethyl acrylate have been widely used as commodity materials in many fields. In this article, a general synthetic strategy toward fine tuning the ethyl acrylate content and facile control over the monomer sequence regularity of this important type of copolymer via acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization followed by hydrogenation is demonstrated. Three structurally symmetric diene monomers (M1–M3) were synthesized in good yields via a three‐step synthetic approach; each of the monomers contains two tail‐to‐tail linked ethyl acrylate units connected to the terminal alkenes by a methylene spacer with specific length. ADMET homopolymerization of M1–M3 and copolymerization of these monomers with 1,9‐decadiene were conducted, and after hydrogenation, a family of periodic and random copolymers of ethylene and ethyl acrylate were obtained. All the polymer samples were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance, and the thermal properties of the saturated copolymers were investigated with thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The glass transition and melting behaviors of this family of ethylene and ethyl acrylate copolymers were found to be dependent on the ethyl acrylate content and the primary structure regularity in copolymers. Copolymers with low ethyl acrylate content and periodic microstructures exhibited better crystallinity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2900–2909
A randomised, wait‐list controlled trial: evaluation of a cognitive–behavioural group intervention on psycho‐sexual adjustment for men with localised prostate cancer
Authors: Siddons Heather M. , Wootten Addie C. , Costello Anthony J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of a cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) group intervention to facilitate improved psycho‐sexual adjustment to treatment side effects in prostate cancer survivors post‐radical prostatectomy.MethodsA randomised, wait‐list controlled trial was conducted with a total of 60 men who participated in a manualised 8‐week cognitive–behavioural group intervention 6 months to 5 years post‐radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer. Participants completed standardised questionnaires pre‐intervention and post‐intervention, which assessed mood state, stress, general and prostate cancer anxiety, quality of life and areas of sexual functioning.ResultsPaired samples t‐tests identified a significant improvement in sexual confidence, masculine self‐esteem, sexual drive/relationship and a significant decline in sexual behaviour from pre‐intervention to post‐intervention. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that after controlling for covariates, participation in the group intervention significantly improved sexual confidence, sexual intimacy, masculine self‐esteem and satisfaction with orgasm.ConclusionsThis group‐based CBT intervention for men post‐radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer shows promising results in terms of improving quality of life. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial support in patients with multiple myeloma at time of diagnosis: who wants what?
Authors: Lamers Jette , Hartmann Mechthild , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Brechtel Anette , Hillengass Jens , Herzog Wolfgang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine interest in psychosocial interventions among patients with multiple myeloma at time of diagnosis as well as associated factors.MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were recruited from our outpatient myeloma unit at the Heidelberg University Hospital. Patients completed questionnaires that included a checklist on desired psychosocial interventions and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9‐item (PHQ‐9) depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐item scale (GAD‐7) anxiety scales. Medical data were extracted from the patients' electronic records.ResultsThe survey was completed by 114 out of the 130 myeloma patients. Half of the patients (51%) desired psychosocial interventions. The most common preferences were relaxation techniques (21%), psychological counseling (20%), and peer support groups (18%). Approximately 24% of the patients reported symptoms of depression, and 8% reported symptoms of anxiety. Patients with symptoms of depression had twice as many preferences for psychosocial interventions as nondepressed patients. They more frequently desired individual psychotherapy (p = 0.035) and peer support groups (p = 0.015). In general, lower age was associated with greater interest in psychosocial interventions. Medical status was not strongly associated with interest in psychosocial interventions.ConclusionsA high percentage (51%) of patients with multiple myeloma has psychosocial intervention desires at the time of diagnosis. The greatest interest was found in depressed and younger patients. However, depressed patients do not prefer a single intervention form but rather show a broad variability of wishes, so ‘one size does not fit all’. Therefore, to reach all patients in need, a choice of psychosocial interventions should be offered. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent Advances in Mountain Permafrost Research
Authors: Etzelmüller Bernd 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTKnowledge of the thermal state of mountain permafrost has greatly increased since 2007 with the establishment of numerous new monitoring stations around the world. Data collected at these sites have pointed to longer‐term changes in ground temperatures, which seem to have increased during the last two to three decades in cold permafrost, while in ground close to 0°C the near‐surface ice content has restricted warming and similar trends are not apparent. Modelling of mountain permafrost has developed greatly, driven by general circulation models or gridded temperature maps, through both predictive methods and spatial equilibrium and transient approaches. The spatial resolution of climate parameters, which is normally much coarser than the spatial heterogeneity of alpine environments, presents a major problem for modelling studies. This is a fundamental challenge for future research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Femtosecond laser ablation of polypropylene: A statistical approach of morphological data
Authors: Belaud V. , Valette S. , Stremsdoerfer G. , Beaugiraud B. , Audouard E. , Benayoun S. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryWe have investigated femtosecond (fs) laser (130 fs, 800 nm, 5 kHz) ablation of polypropylene (PP). The following laser process conditions were varied: power density and number of pulses. The morphological parameters' response (depth, ablation diameter, ablation volume) to the laser process conditions, measured by an optical profiler, was investigated by the statistical analysis technique to determine the relationship between them. For this, the simple linear regression and the multiple linear regressions are compared. The simple linear regression shows that the ablation volume follows a linear relationship with the product of the power and the number of pulse. SCANNING 36:209–217, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐resolution cryo‐scanning electron microscopy study of the macromolecular structure of fibronectin fibrils
Authors: Chen Ya , Zardi Luciano , Peters Donna M. Pesciotta 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHigh‐resolution cryo‐scanning electron microscopy was used to examine fibronectin fibrils formed in culture by human skin fibroblasts and in a cell‐free system by denaturing soluble plasma fibronectin with guanidine. These studies indicate that the conformation of fibrils formed in culture and in a cell‐free system appeared to be similar and that fibronectin fibrils have at least two distinct structural conformations. Fibronectin fibrils can be very straight structures with smooth surfaces or highly nodular structures. The average diameter of the nodules in these fibrils is 12 nm. Both conformations can be seen within an individual fibril indicating that they are not different types of fibronectin fibrils but rather different conformational states. Immunolabeling studies with a monoclonal antibody, IST‐2, to the heparin II binding domain of fibronectin revealed that the epitope was buried in highly smooth fibrils, but it was readily exposed in nodular fibrils. We propose, therefore, that fibronectin fibrils are highly flexible structures and, depending on the conformation of the fibril, certain epitopes on the surface may be buried or exposed.
Dinuclear Zinc Complexes Supported by Macrobinucleating Hexaaza‐Dithiophenolate Macrocycles: Synthesis of Zinc Thiolate Complexes with Biologically Relevant N3S and N2SCl Donor Sets
Authors: Lehmann Ulrike , Kersting Berthold 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe ability of the macrocyclic hexaaza‐dithiophenolate macrocycles (H2LH6, H2LMe2H4, and H2LMe6) to support dinuclear zinc complexes has been examined. The macrocyclces contain two 4‐tert‐butylthiophenolate units which are connected by two lateral dipropylenetriamine units with different nature and patterns (secondary or tertiary) of the N donors (H2LH6: 6 × R2NH, H2LMe2H4: 4 × R2NH, 2 × R2NMe, H2LMe6: 6 × R2NMe). Three binuclear complexes ([Zn2(LH6)]2+ (1), [Zn2(LMe2H4)]2+ (2), and [Zn2H2(LMe6)Cl2]2+ (3)) were obtained, isolated as ClO4– or BPh4– salts, and characterized by CHN, ESI‐MS, IR, and NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystallography (1(ClO4)2, 1(BPh4)2, 2(BPh4)2, 3(ClO4)2). In contrast to the parent N6S2 macrocycles with diethylenetriamine linkers which support bioctahedral [Zn2L(L′)]n+ complexes (L' = bridging coligand), the present ligands coordinate to zinc with non‐bridging thiolato donors to afford tetrahedral ZnN3S (1,2) or ZnN2SCl (3) coordination environments. The decrease of the coordination number from 6 in the [Zn2L(L′)]n+ to 4 in the present complexes is attributed to the change of the chelate‐ring size. The six‐membered chelate rings in 1–3 allow larger bond angles and encourage tetrahedral coordination.
An Enantiopure N,N,O Heteroscorpionate Ligand Derived from (–)‐Menthone
Authors: Bleifuß Sascha M. , Hofmann Fabian H. F. , Burzlaff Nicolai 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA new enantiopure heteroscorpionate ligand HOPhbpm3menth (2) was synthesized in a one‐pot synthesis. Ligand 2 was obtained in a pyridine‐catalysed Peterson rearrangement starting from menthopyrazole, thionyl chloride, and salicylaldehyde. The evidence of κ3‐coordination of the ligand was shown by the formation of a tetrahedral zinc complex [Zn‐κ3‐(OPhbpm3menth)CH3] (3) as well as an molybdenum complex [Mo‐κ3‐(OPhbpm3menth)O2Cl] (4).
The Influence of OH Groups in [Fe(CO)3]2[(μ‐ECH2)2C(CH2OH)2] (E = S, Se) Complexes toward the Cathodic Process
Authors: Trautwein Ralf , Almazahreh Laith R. , Görls Helmar , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: April 2013

Abstract[FeFe] hydrogenase model complexes [Fe(CO)3]2[(μ‐ECH2)2C(CH2OH)2] (E = S (1) or Se (2)) containing CH2OH bridgehead substituents were synthesized via reaction of equimolar amounts of 4, 4‐bis(hydroxymethyl)‐1, 2‐dithiolane (A) or 4, 4‐bis(hydroxymethyl)‐1, 2‐diselenolane (B) with Fe3(CO)12 in toluene at 100 °C. The presence of OH groups in complexes 1 and 2 is found to influence the cathodic processes and their potentials. The catalytic reduction of acetic acid (AcOH) occurs by the anions 1– and 2–, while the neutral complexes are procatalysts.
Nationally Representative Household Survey of Surgery and Mortality in Sierra Leone
Authors: Kwon Steve , Groen Reinou S. , Kamara Thaim B. , Cassidy Laura D. , Samai Mohamed , Yambasu Sahr E. , Kushner Adam L. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence to characterize the burden of unmet need of surgical diseases in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The purpose of this study was to determine rate of deaths attributable to a surgical condition and reasons for not seeking surgical care in Sierra Leone.MethodsThe Surgeons OverSeas Assessment of Surgical Need (SOSAS) is a survey tool developed collaboratively to be used for cross‐sectional data collection of the prevalence of surgical conditions in any country. A population‐weighted cluster‐sample household survey was conducted throughout Sierra Leone in 2012 using the SOSAS survey tool.ResultsTotal of 1,840 households (11,870 individuals) were sampled, yielding a 98.3 % response rate. Overall, there were 709 total deaths reported (6.0 %). The mean age at death was 36.4 ± 30.1 years: 330 (46.6 %) were female. Most deaths occurred at home (58.1 % vs. 34.1 % in hospitals). Of the 709 deaths, 237 (33.4 %) were associated with conditions included in our predefined surgical disease category. Abdominal distension/pain was the most commonly associated surgical condition (13.9 %) followed by perinatal bleeding/illness (6.0 %). Among the 237 with surgical conditions, 51 (21.9 %) did not seek medical care, most commonly because of a lack of money (35.3 %) or inability to provide timely care (37.3 %).ConclusionsA large proportion of deaths in Sierra Leone was associated with surgical conditions, the majority of which did not undergo surgical intervention. Our results indicate that to remove barriers to effective surgical care in Sierra Leone policymakers should first focus on relieving financial burdens and increasing access to timely surgical care.
Biliary atresia type I cyst and choledochal cust: can we differentiate or not?
Authors: Suzuki Tatsuya , Hashimoto Takashi , Hussein Mohamed Hamed , Hara Fujio , Hibi Masahito , Kato Takazumi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackground/purposeIt is difficult to discriminate between choledochal cust with obstructive jaundice and biliary atresia with a cyst at the porta hepatis in neonates or young infants. This review evaluates whether it is possible to differentiate between these two diseases. We here also provide an overview of our experience with type I cyst biliary atresia patients.MethodsAmong all the biliary atresia infants who we treated, the infants who were diagnosed with type I cyst biliary atresia were identified and reviewed for their management and outcome. The clinical course and management in different reports were reviewed and compared to the cases presented to our institution.ResultsAmong the 220 biliary atresia cases, 11 (5 %; male/female: 4/7) were diagnosed to be type I cyst biliary atresia. Two received hepaticoenterostomy and nine received hepatic portoenteros. Three patients had severe late complications; overall, nine (81.8 %) were alive with their native liver and without jaundice.ConclusionsPatient with choledochal cust are likely to represent larger cysts and inversely, smaller, static, anechoic cysts are more likely to represent cystic biliary atresia. However, exceptional cases were yet presented, and a definitive diagnosis may not be reached. Thus a complete differentiation between choledochal cust from type I cyst biliary atresia is yet hard to reach.
A survey of Nicotiana germplasm for resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
Authors: Laskowska Dorota , Doroszewska Teresa , Depta Anna , Kursa Karolina , Olszak-Przybyś Hanna , Czubacka Anna 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe reaction to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was evaluated in 94 accessions of Nicotiana, originating from the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation tobacco germplasm collection in Puławy, Poland. Tests for resistance were conducted under greenhouse conditions using single TSWV isolate collected from tobacco plantation in Lublin district, Poland. The presence of the virus was verified using DAS-ELISA. SCAR markers associated with TSWV resistance gene were applied. The members of the section Alatae, the genus Nicotiana: N. alata, N. forgetiana, and Nicotiana x sanderae as well as N. tabacum cultivars: ‘Polalta’ and ‘Wiktoria’ with the TSWV resistance gene introduced from N. alata, displayed the hypersensitive reaction (HR) against TSWV (grade 0 on symptom intensity scale). In some of those accessions, the virus spread from the initially infected areas eliciting systemic hypersensitive reaction (SHR). Five accessions of N. alata and three of Nicotianaxsanderae were composed of 6.3–50.0 % of plants in which SHR symptoms appeared. In all of N. forgetiana plants HR reaction was followed by systemic infection (SHR). In N. tabacum ‘Wiktoria’ 21.1 % of plants showed HR reaction, while the remaining were susceptible (S). All of the genotypes which responded with HR or SHR reaction to TSWV infection demonstrated the presence of SCAR markers linked to the resistance gene. The remaining eighty tested accessions were identified as being susceptible upon exposure to TSWV.