bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aggresome formation is regulated by RanBPM through an interaction with HDAC6
Authors: Salemi Louisa M. , Almawi Ahmad W. , Lefebvre Karen J. , Schild-Poulter Caroline 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
In conditions of proteasomal impairment, the build-up of damaged or misfolded proteins activates a cellular response leading to the recruitment of damaged proteins into perinuclear aggregates called aggresomes. Aggresome formation involves the retrograde transport of cargo proteins along the microtubule network and is dependent on the histone deacetylase HDAC6. Here we show that ionizing radiation (IR) promotes Ran-Binding Protein M (RanBPM) relocalization into discrete perinuclear foci where it co-localizes with aggresome components ubiquitin, dynein and HDAC6, suggesting that the RanBPM perinuclear clusters correspond to aggresomes. RanBPM was also recruited to aggresomes following treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and the DNA-damaging agent etoposide. Strikingly, aggresome formation by HDAC6 was markedly impaired in RanBPM shRNA cells, but was restored by re-expression of RanBPM. RanBPM was found to interact with HDAC6 and to inhibit its deacetylase activity. This interaction was abrogated by a RanBPM deletion of its LisH/CTLH domain, which also prevented aggresome formation, suggesting that RanBPM promotes aggresome formation through an association with HDAC6. Our results suggest that RanBPM regulates HDAC6 activity and is a central regulator of aggresome formation.
Functional anatomy and ion regulatory mechanisms of the antennal gland in a semi-terrestrial crab, Ocypode stimpsoni
Authors: Tsai Jyuan-Ru , Lin Hui-Chen 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Brachyuran crabs from diverse habitats show great differences in their osmoregulatory processes, especially in terms of the structural and physiological characteristics of the osmoregulatory organs. In crustaceans, the antennal glands are known to be important in osmoregulation, and they play a functional role analogous to that of the vertebrate kidney. Nevertheless, the detailed structure and function of the antennal glands in different species have rarely been described. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the antennal gland in ion regulation by examining the ultrastructure of the cells and the distribution of the ion regulatory proteins in each cell type in the antennal gland of a semi-terrestrial crab. The results showed that Na+, K+-ATPase activity significantly increased in the antennal gland after a 4-day acclimation in dilute seawater and returned to its original (day 0) level after 7 days. Three major types of cells were identified in the antennal gland, including coelomic cells (COEs), labyrinthine cells (LBRs) and end-labyrinthine cells (ELBRs). The proximal tubular region (PT) and distal tubular region (DT) of the antennal gland consist of LBRs and COEs, whereas the end tubular region (ET) consists of all three types of cells, with fewer COEs and more ELBRs. We found a non-uniform distribution of NKA immunoreactivity, with increasing intensity from the proximal to the distal regions of the antennal gland. We summarise our study with a proposed model for the urine reprocessing pathway and the role of each cell type or segment of the antennal gland.
GRASP65 controls the cis Golgi integrity in vivo
Authors: Veenendaal Tineke , Jarvela Tim , Grieve Adam G. , van Es Johan H. , Linstedt Adam D. , Rabouille Catherine 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
GRASP65 and GRASP55 are peripheral Golgi proteins localized to cis and medial/trans cisternae, respectively. They are implicated in diverse aspects of protein transport and structure related to the Golgi complex, including the stacking of the Golgi stack and/or the linking of mammalian Golgi stacks into the Golgi ribbon. Using a mouse model, we interfered with GRASP65 by homologous recombination and confirmed its absence of expression. Surprisingly, the mice were healthy and fertile with no apparent defects in tissue, cellular or subcellular organization. Immortalized MEFs derived from the mice did not show any growth or morphological defects. However, despite the normal appearance of the Golgi ribbon, a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay revealed functional discontinuities specific to the cis cisternal membrane network. This leads to a strong change in the plasma membrane GSII lectin staining that was also observed in certain mutant tissues. These findings substantiate the role of GRASP65 in continuity of the cis Golgi network required for proper glycosylation, while showing that neither this continuity nor GRASP65 itself are essential for the viability of a complex organism.
Room Acoustical Quality of Concert Halls: Perceptual Factors and Acoustic Criteria — Return from Experience
Authors: Kahle Eckhard 
Published: May 2014

Several acousticians have attempted to define a complete set of factors describing room acoustic quality, based on laboratory and/or real hall listening tests. After finishing a PhD thesis on room acoustic quality, the author has worked on new constructions of performance spaces, renovations as well as optimizations of existing spaces and the question can now be asked whether the widely used set of objective criteria and perceptual factors proves sufficient to describe the problems and challenges encountered. When working on high-quality acoustic spaces, the commonly used set of acoustic criteria is insufficient to describe all aspects and problems. Further descriptors are required with respect to both acoustic measurements and perceptual factors. Proposals for additional acoustic criteria and their link to the architecture of a space will be given, aiming to better describe the signature of a room with respect to both source presence and room presence. The concept of “stream segregation” into source presence and room presence is confirmed, but for both the “source” and “room” parts not only the magnitude (strength) needs to be considered but equally more detailed aspects like “lateralness” and direction of arrival, i.e. what could be called the “spatial center of gravity”. For example, changing the spatial center of gravity of the reverberation has very strong perceptual consequences. Another aspect that often tends to be neglected is the question of orchestral balance (for audience members but equally for musicians on stage) that can strongly be influenced by acoustic design decisions.
Under-Balcony Acoustics Improvement with Simple Electro-Acoustic Means: A Theoretical Development and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Rouch Jérémy , Galland Marie-Annick , Schmich-Yamane Isabelle 
Published: May 2014

In concert halls, the acoustic quality below a large balcony is often reduced compared with the acoustic quality of the main volume. This is caused by significant differences in the reverberated energy behavior between these two volumes. The main difference is a global lack of reverberated energy under the balcony, which can be theoretically estimated by the Sabine's theory applied to coupled spaces. A solution for enhancing the reverberated energy below the balcony is to inject amplified sound picked up in the main volume. This can be performed with simple electro-acoustic channels such as those used in a regenerative reverberation enhancement system. Thus, each channel is composed of a microphone in the main volume, an amplification processing unit and a loudspeaker under the balcony. In this paper, a theoretical development based on the Sabine's approach is presented to explain and predict how the electro-acoustic channels increase the coupling coefficient between the main volume and the volume below the balcony. A new coupling criterion is also proposed and the theoretical effect of the electro-acoustic system on this criterion is exposed. Additionally, the limits of this coupling enhancement technique are presented and discussed, especially with respect to feedback problems of electro-acoustic installation in a room. In order to prove the validity of these theoretical developments, numerical simulations based on ray-tracing methods have been implemented. These numerical simulations also show that a properly calibrated electro-acoustic coupling enhancement system (EACES) can sensitively decrease the acoustic shadow effect of the balcony with respect to room acoustic criteria. Hence, electro-acoustic systems appear to be an efficient solution for coupling volumes in concert halls.
The Effect of Thermal Modification on the Development of Carbon Material Microporous Structure
Authors: Ostafiychuk B.K. , Budzulyak I.M. , Ivanichok N.Ya. , Rachiy B.I. , Lisovsky R.P. 
Published: May 2014

A research is done to characterize the microporous structure of outgoing and thermally modified (673 K, 180 min) plant-extracted carbon material. The porous system characteristics are worked out by different methods on low temperature (77K) N2 adsorption-desorption based isotherm. It is stated that thermal modification contributes to the enlargement of specific surface (from 361 m2/g to 673 m2/g), an increase in total pore volume (from 0,166 cm3/g to 0,477 cm3/g) and an increase in micropore volume (from 0,127 cm3/g to 0,173 cm3/g). Most effectively thermal modification is apt to form nanopores with diameters of 0,75; 1,25 and 4 nm.
A Bayesian Approach to Inferring the Phylogenetic Structure of Communities from Metagenomic Data
Authors: O’Brien John D , Didelot Xavier , Iqbal Zamin , Amenga-Etego Lucas , Ahiska Bartu , Falush Daniel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMetagenomics provides a powerful new tool set for investigating evolutionary interactions with the environment. However, an absence of model-based statistical methods means that researchers are often not able to make full use of this complex information. We present a Bayesian method for inferring the phylogenetic relationship among related organisms found within metagenomic samples. Our approach exploits variation in the frequency of taxa among samples to simultaneously infer each lineage haplotype, the phylogenetic tree connecting them, and their frequency within each sample. Applications of the algorithm to simulated data show that our method can recover a substantial fraction of the phylogenetic structure even in the presence of high rates of migration among sample sites. We provide examples of the method applied to data from green sulfur bacteria recovered from an Antarctic lake, plastids from mixed Plasmodium falciparum infections, and virulent Neisseria meningitidis samples.
Treatment-Related Mortality With Everolimus in Cancer Patients
Authors: Wesolowski Robert , Abdel-Rasoul Mahmoud , Lustberg Maryam , Paskell Maria , Shapiro Charles L. , Macrae Erin R. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Introduction.
The overall incidence and odds of fatal adverse events (FAEs) after exposure to everolimus are not well defined. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the role of everolimus in treatment-related mortality in patients with cancer.

Methods.
PubMed databases and abstracts from the proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium were searched for RCTs of everolimus either alone or in combination with another agent compared with the control arm without everolimus and that reported deaths from an adverse event from January 1966 to July 2013. The primary objective was to determine the difference of FAEs between everolimus-treated patients and control group patients.

Results.
In total, 2,997 patients with multiple solid tumors from nine RCTs were included. The overall incidence of FAEs in cancer patients treated with everolimus was 0.7% (95% CI 0.3%–1.1%) compared with 0.4% (95% CI 0.0%–0.7%) in cancer patients who did not receive everolimus. The odds ratio of FAEs was greater in everolimus-treated patients (Peto odds ratio = 3.80, 95% CI 1.59–9.07, p = .003). In subgroup analyses, no significant difference was found in the incidence or odds of FAEs by everolimus administration (alone or in combination) or tumor type (breast cancer vs. nonbreast cancer; p = .63).

Conclusion.
In patients with cancer, everolimus is associated with a small but significant increase in the odds of a treatment-related fatal events.
Measures of Outcome in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Insights From a Real-World Scenario
Authors: Bonotto Marta , Gerratana Lorenzo , Poletto Elena , Driol Pamela , Giangreco Manuela , Russo Stefania , Minisini Alessandro M. , Andreetta Claudia , Mansutti Mauro , Pisa Federica E. , Fasola Gianpiero , Puglisi Fabio 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
No gold standard treatment exists for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Clinical decision making is based on knowledge of prognostic and predictive factors that are extrapolated from clinical trials and, sometimes, are not reliably transferable to a real-world scenario. Moreover, misalignment between endpoints used in drug development and measures of outcome in clinical practice has been noted. The roles of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) as primary endpoints in the context of clinical trials are the subjects of lively debate. Information about these parameters in routine clinical practice is potentially useful to design new studies and/or to interpret the results of clinical research. This study analyzed the impact of patient and tumor characteristics on the major measures of outcome across different lines of treatment in a cohort of 472 patients treated for MBC. OS, PFS, and postprogression survival (PPS) were analyzed. The study showed how biological and clinical characteristics may have different prognostic value across different lines of therapy for MBC. After first-line treatment, the median PPS of luminal A, luminal B, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive groups was longer than 12 months. The choice of OS as a primary endpoint for clinical trials could not be appropriate with these subtypes. In contrast, OS could be an appropriate endpoint when PPS is expected to be low (e.g., triple-negative subtype after the first line; other subtypes after the third line). The potential implications of these findings are clinical and methodological.
Vitamin D Status and 5‐Year Changes in Periodontal Disease Measures Among Postmenopausal Women: The Buffalo OsteoPerio Study
Authors: Millen Amy E. , Andrews Christopher A. , LaMonte Michael J. , Hovey Kathleen M. , Swanson Mya , Genco Robert J. , Wactawski‐Wende Jean 
Published: May 2014

Background: Vitamin D is hypothesized to prevent periodontal disease progression through its immune‐modulating properties and its role in maintaining systemic calcium concentrations. The authors investigated associations between plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] (collected 1997 to 2000) and the 5‐year change in periodontal disease measures from baseline (1997 to 2000) to follow‐up (2002 to 2005) among 655 postmenopausal women in a Women's Health Initiative Observational Study ancillary study. Exploratory analyses were conducted in 628 women who also had 25(OH)D measures at follow‐up.Methods: Four continuous measures of the 5‐year change in periodontal disease were assessed using alveolar crest height (ACH), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), and percentage of gingival sites that bled on assessment. Linear regression was used to estimate β‐coefficients, standard errors, and P values corresponding to change in periodontal disease (a 1‐mm change in ACH, CAL, or PD or a 1‐unit change in the percentage of gingival sites that bled) for a 10‐nmol/L difference in 25(OH)D. Models were adjusted for age, education, dental visit frequency, smoking, diabetes status, current medications affecting bone health, baseline measures of periodontal disease, body mass index, and recreational physical activity.Results: No statistically significant associations were observed between baseline 25(OH)D and change in periodontal disease measures, overall or in a subset (n = 442) of women with stable 25(OH)D concentrations [25(OH)D change <20 nmol/L from baseline to follow‐up]. Results also did not vary significantly in analyses that were stratified by baseline periodontal disease status.Conclusions: No association between baseline 25(OH)D and the subsequent 5‐year change in periodontal disease measures was observed. Vitamin D status may not influence periodontal disease progression. More studies are needed to confirm these results.
Crestal Bone Level Changes Around Immediately Placed Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses With at Least 12 Months’ Follow‐Up After Functional Loading
Authors: Kinaia Bassam M. , Shah Maanas , Neely Anthony L. , Goodis Harold E. 
Published: May 2014

Background: Immediate implant placement (IIP) is a successful treatment and has the advantages of reducing time and increasing patient satisfaction. However, achieving predictable esthetic results with IIP presents a challenge because of naturally occurring bone loss postextraction. Therefore, the focused question of this systematic review is: What is the effect of IIP on crestal bone level (CBL) changes after at least 12 months of functional loading?Methods: Extensive literature review of the Cochrane and MEDLINE electronic databases and a manual search up to November 2012 identified eligible studies. Two reviewers independently assessed the study data and methodologic quality using data extraction and assessment forms.Results: Electronic and manual searches identified 648 relevant publications. A total of 57 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies had test and control groups; therefore, meta‐analyses could be performed. The results demonstrated better CBL preservation around IIP compared with implant placement in healed/native bone at 12 months [CBL difference of −0.242 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.403 to −0.080; P = 0.003)]. Similarly, platform switching around IIP showed better results compared with non–platform switching (CBL difference of −0.770 [95% CI, −1.153 to −0.387; P <0.001]). There was no difference in mean CBL changes with regard to one‐stage or two‐stage IIP protocol (−0.017 [95% CI, −0.249 to 0.216; P = 0.85]) or the use of immediate or delayed immediate implant loading (0.002 [95% CI, −0.269 to 0.272; P = 0.99]).Conclusions: Meta‐analyses showed less CBL loss around IIP compared with implant placement in healed bone. Platform‐switched implants showed greater crestal bone preservation than non–platform‐switched implants. There was no significant difference in CBL with one‐ versus two‐stage placement or use of immediate versus delayed IIP loading. Although there were statistically significant differences favoring IIP, the small differences may not be clinically relevant. Although IIP showed favorable outcomes for CBL changes, these results should be interpreted with caution because of high heterogeneity among studies.
Detection and Quantification of Periodontal Pathogens in Smokers and Never‐Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis by Real‐Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Guglielmetti Mariana R. , Rosa Ecinele F. , Lourenção Daniele S. , Inoue Gislene , Gomes Elaine F. , De Micheli Giorgio , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Hirata Rosário D.C. , Hirata Mario H. , Pannuti Claudio M. 
Published: May 2014

Background: The purpose of the present investigation is to compare the presence and number of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of smokers versus never‐smokers with chronic periodontitis and matched probing depths (PDs) using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).Methods: Forty current smokers and 40 never‐smokers, matched for age, sex, and mean PD of sampling site, were included in this investigation. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed, and a pooled subgingival plaque sample was collected from the deepest site in each quadrant of each participant. To confirm smoking status, expired carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations were measured with a CO monitor. The presence and quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were determined using RT‐PCR.Results: Smokers had greater overall mean PD (P = 0.001) and attachment loss (P = 0.006) and fewer bleeding on probing sites (P = 0.001). An association was observed between smoking status and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (P <0.001). The counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans (P <0.001), P. gingivalis (P = 0.042), and T. forsythia (P <0.001) were significantly higher in smokers.Conclusions: Smokers showed significantly greater amounts of P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and T. forsythia than never‐smokers. There was a significant association between smoking and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
Corrosion properties of Zn-Ni-P alloys in neutral model medium
Authors: Bachvarov Vassil , Peshova Miglena , Vitkova Stefana , Boshkov Nikolai 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The presented work reports on the peculiarities of the anodic behavior, corrosion resistance and protective ability of electrodeposited Zn-Ni-P alloys with a different composition in a model corrosion medium of 5% NaCl. Three characteristic coating types have been investigated using experimental methods such as potentiodynamic polarization (PD) technique and polarization resistance (Rp) measurements. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) device were applied to determine the differences in the chemical composition and surface morphology which appeared as a result of the corrosion treatment. The data obtained are compared to those of electrodeposited pure Zn coatings with identical experimental conditions demonstrating the enhanced protective characteristics of the ternary alloys during the test period in the model medium. The influence of the chemical and phase composition of the alloys on its corrosion resistance and protective ability is also commented and discussed.
Radial variation in wood specific gravity of tropical tree species differing in growth–mortality strategies
Authors: Osazuwa‐Peters Oyomoare L. , Wright S. Joseph , Zanne Amy E. 
Published: May 2014

•Premise of the study:Wood specific gravity (WSG) mediates an interspecific trade‐off between growth and mortality and is a key measure for estimating carbon stocks. Most studies use species mean values to represent WSG, despite variation at different levels of biological organization. We examined sources of variation in WSG across four nested scales (segments within cores, cores within trees, trees within species, and species), compared the pattern of radial variation in WSG among species differing in growth strategies, and investigated the effect of WSG radial variation on aboveground biomass estimates.•Methods:We took two perpendicular cores from six individuals each of 20 tropical tree species representing a broad range of mean WSGs and growth–mortality strategies in a lowland tropical moist forest in Panama. Cores were divided into 1‐cm segments, and WSG was determined for each segment.•Key results:The bulk of the total variance in WSG was dominated by interspecies variation (88%), whereas variation due to measurement error, segments within cores, and cores within trees (8%) was minimal. Radial variation in WSG, defined as change in WSG with increasing distance from the pith, was significant in 17 of the 20 species and included significant monotonic increases in 6 species and nonmonotonic patterns in 11 species. Radial variation in WSG resulted in a small but significant bias in aboveground biomass estimates.•Conclusions:Radial variation in WSG is related to a species’ growth strategy and, though minimal compared with interspecific variation in WSG, can cause a downward bias when not incorporated into aboveground biomass estimates.