bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image-based modeling of coupled electro-chemo-mechanical behavior of Li-ion battery cathode using an interface-modified reproducing kernel particle method
Authors: Susuki Kristen , Allen Jeffery , Chen Jiun-Shyan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn interface-modified reproducing kernel particle method (IM-RKPM) is introduced in this work to allow for a direct model construction from image pixels of heterogeneous polycrystalline Li-ion battery microstructures. The interface-modified reproducing kernel (IM-RK) approximation is constructed through scaling of a kernel function by a regularized distance function in conjunction with strategic placement of interface node locations. This leads to RK shape functions with either weak or strong discontinuities across material interfaces, suitable for modeling various interface mechanics. With the placement of a triple junction node and distance-based scaling of kernel functions, the resulting IM-RK shape function also possesses proper discontinuities at the triple junctions. This IM-RK approximation effectively remedies the well-known Gibb’s oscillation in the smooth approximation of discontinuities. Different from the conventional meshfree approaches for interface discontinuities, this IM-RK approach is done without additional degrees of freedom associated with the enrichment functions, and it is formulated with the standard procedures in the RK shape function construction. This work focuses on identifying the accuracy and convergence properties of IM-RKPM for modeling the coupled electro-chemo-mechanical system. A linear patch test is formulated and numerically tested for the electro-chemo-mechanical coupled problem with a Butler–Volmer boundary condition representing the physical conditions in Li-ion battery microstructures. This is followed by verification of the optimal rates of convergence of IM-RKPM for solving the coupled problem with higher order solutions. The image-based modeling of Li-ion battery microstructures in the numerical examples demonstrates the applicability of the proposed method to realistic Li-ion battery materials modeling.
Proposal and application of a convective wind gustiness parameterization based on convective available potential energy
Authors: Jing Xueyi , Wang Lanning , Wu Qizhong , Cheng Huaqiong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWind gustiness is an effective approach for addressing mesoscale enhancement in estimating air-sea interface fluxes. In this study, an improved convective gustiness parameterization scheme based on convective available potential energy (CAPE) is formulated utilizing reanalysis data and wind observations from moored buoys. This new parameterization was examined by implementing it in the air-sea flux transfer scheme within the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model (NCAR CESM) version 2.1.3 and contrasting it with a previously proposed scheme based on convective precipitation rate. The results indicate a significant reduction in negative biases of surface winds and latent heat fluxes over the tropical Indian Ocean and western Pacific during summer with the implementation of either gustiness scheme, resulting in an average increase in latent heat flux of approximately 9 W·m− 2. Specifically, the CAPE-based scheme shows a more favorable impact in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool region, whereas the precipitation-based scheme exhibits inferior performance in the western Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zone. Further analysis reveals that the inclusion of the gustiness scheme distinctly alters surface evaporation and latent heat flux, influencing vertical motion in the area with active convective activity and effectively improving precipitation simulations by up to 18%. Moreover, the CAPE-based scheme reduces the bias in summer precipitation simulations by approximately 5% more than the precipitation-based scheme.
Medical treatment of miscarriage using misoprostol—a retrospective study
Authors: Meister Laura , Künnemann Ines , Fettke Franziska , Lux Anke , Ignatov Atanas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The treatment of early miscarriage with medication is effective and low in side effects. Nevertheless, no uniform dosage regimen has yet been established, nor has it been possible to determine whether previous pregnancies and births with their respective modes of delivery play a role in the effectiveness of Misoprostol. This study aimed to find predictive parameters for successful treatment with Misoprostol in early miscarriage.

Methods
In a retrospective study at the Otto von Guericke University Women’s Hospital, records of patients with early miscarriage and medical treatment using Misoprostol from 2018 to 2021 were reviewed for this purpose. The need for a curettage subsequent to treatment was scored as a parameter of failure. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science Version 28.0. The significance level was set to 0.050.

Results
We found that successful therapy with misoprostol was seen in 86% (n = 114). 14% (n = 20) of the patients had curettage after taking Misoprostol as advised. Out of 134 women, 16% (n = 21) reported mild side effects, with nausea as the leading one (9.2% (n = 12)). Significance was found comparing the measurement of double endometrial stripe thickness after the second cycle of Misoprostol in women with and without curettage after medical treatment (exact value two-sided 0.035 at p < 0.05). A cutoff value at 8.8 mm was calculated using ROC Analysis.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that the treatment of early miscarriage in the first trimester with Misoprostol is effective and has few side effects. The measurement of the endometrial stripe thickness after the second cycle of Misoprostol via transvaginal ultrasound could present a predictive marker during therapy.
Personal inhalable paper dust exposure and potential determinants among paper industry workers in Ethiopia
Authors: Tafese Ararso , Kumie Abera , Abegaz Teferi , Abaya Samson Wakuma , Moen Bente E. , Deressa Wakgari , Bråtveit Magne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Excessive paper dust during paper production may harm the workers’ respiratory health. We wanted to assess the inhalable paper dust levels and its determinants among paper industry workers.

Methods
A study was conducted in Ethiopia to assess the level of personal inhalable paper dust exposure among four paper mills. A total of 150 samples were collected using the IOM sampler attached to Side Kick Casella pumps at a flow rate of 2 L/min. The samples were analyzed in Nemko Norlab, Norway. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to identify determinants of inhalable paper dust.

Results
The geometric mean of personal inhalable paper dust was 3.3 mg/m3 with 80% of the measurements exceeding the Swedish occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 2 mg/m3. The linear mixed-effects model showed that the level of dust was 28% higher when using high-speed than when using low-speed rewinding machines, while paper mills with an average of more than four machines per job group had 22% higher exposure than paper mills with a lower number of machines. Furthermore, working in packing and preparation was associated with higher dust exposure than in other areas.

Conclusions
The dust exposure levels were above the Swedish OEL for 80% of the samples. This indicates that preventive measures should be established in the industry. The exposure model identified high-speed rewinding machines, a high number of machines, and work in preparation and packing as associated with high levels of paper dust exposure.
Cardiorespiratory and muscle oxygenation responses to voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volume in upper body repeated sprints
Authors: Rosa Cristóvão H. , Monteiro Cristina P. , Barata Cláudia , Espada Mário C. , Valamatos Maria João , Bento André , Minhalma Ricardo J. , Reis Joana Filipa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the impact of voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volumes (VHL) during upper body repeated sprints (RS) on performance, metabolic markers and muscle oxygenation in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes.

Methods
Eighteen male well-trained athletes performed two randomized RS sessions, one with normal breathing (RSN) and another with VHL (RS-VHL), on an arm cycle ergometer, consisting of two sets of eight all-out 6-s sprints performed every 30 s. Peak (PPO), mean power output (MPO), and RS percentage decrement score were calculated. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), gas exchange, and muscle oxygenation of the long head of the triceps brachii were continuously recorded. Blood lactate concentration ([La]) was measured at the end of each set. Bench press throw peak power (BPPP) was recorded before and after the RS protocol.

Results
Although SpO2 was not different between conditions, PPO and MPO were significantly lower in RS-VHL. $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$

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E, HR, [La], and RER were lower in RS-VHL, and VO2 was higher in RS-VLH than in RSN. Muscle oxygenation was not different between conditions nor was its pattern of change across the RS protocol influenced by condition. [La] was lower in RS-VHL than in RSN after both sets.

Conclusion
Performance was significantly lower in RS-VHL, even though SPO2 was not consistent with hypoxemia. However, the fatigue index was not significantly affected by VHL, nor was the neuromuscular upper body power after the RS-VHL protocol. Additionally, [La] was lower, and oxygen consumption was higher in RS-VHL, suggesting a higher aerobic contribution in this condition.
Ten years of detecting Neoehrlichia mikurensis infections in Sweden: demographic, clinical and inflammatory parameters
Authors: Wennerås Christine , Wass Linda , Bergström Beatrice , Grankvist Anna , Lingblom Christine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To increase knowledge about the varied clinical manifestations of human infection with the emerging tick-borne pathogen Neoehrlichia mikurensis.

Methods
All patients diagnosed in Sweden with N. mikurensis infection during a 10-year period (2013–2023) were investigated regarding their demographic factors, risk factors, comorbidities, clinical signs and symptoms, and laboratory results. Multivariate models were generated using “Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis” to identify clinical and immune parameters associated with N. mikurensis infection.

Results
During the 10-year period, 134 patients were diagnosed with N. mikurensis infection, 102 of whom were included in this study. Most of the patients (79%) were immunosuppressed. The main comorbidities were malignant B-cell lymphomas, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab therapy (59%) and splenectomy (14%) featured prominently. All patients resided in the southern tick-endemic part of Sweden, yet one-third of them were diagnosed in wintertime when ticks are inactive. Two asymptomatically infected blood donors were identified but transfusion-transmitted infection was not confirmed. Increased levels of C-reactive protein, orosomucoid, and total IgM in serum were associated with neoehrlichiosis. Previously unreported symptoms such as ankle edema, neck pain, numbness, and sudden deafness were detected in some patients. One case of aplastic anemia partially improved after eradication of the infection.

Conclusions
Neoehrlichiosis is a multi-faceted emerging infectious disease.
Feasibility and outcomes of robotic sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment in patients with preexisting colostomy
Authors: Nozawa H. , Sakamoto A. , Murono K. , Sasaki K. , Emoto S. , Ishihara S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Diverting colostomy followed by neoadjuvant treatment is a treatment of choice for obstructive rectal cancer. Such patients may be treated via a robotic approach with several advantages over conventional laparoscopic surgery. Conversely, the existing stoma may interfere with the optimal trocar position and thus affect the quality of robotic surgery. Moreover, the console surgeon does not face the patient, which may endanger the stoma.

Methods
Patients with rectal cancer who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery were retrospectively investigated using a robotic platform after neoadjuvant treatment at our hospital. Based on pretreatment stoma creation, patients were divided into the NS (those without a stoma) and S groups (patients with a stoma). Baseline characteristics, types of neoadjuvant treatment, short-term surgical outcomes, postoperative anorectal manometric data, and survival were compared between the groups.

Results
The NS and S groups comprised 65 and 9 patients, respectively. Conversion to laparotomy was required in three patients in the NS group. The S group required a longer console time than the NS group (median: 367 vs. 253 min, respectively, p = 0.038); however, no difference was observed in the total operative time (p = 0.15) and blood loss (p = 0.70). Postoperative complication rates, anorectal function, and oncological outcomes were similar between the groups.

Conclusions
Although console time was longer in patients with a stoma, robotic surgery could be performed safely like in those without a stoma after neoadjuvant treatment.
The Current State of Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment: a Multidisciplinary Expert Perspective
Authors: Kleinjung Tobias , Peter Nicole , Schecklmann Martin , Langguth Berthold 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTinnitus, the perception of sound without an external source, affects 15% of the population, with 2.4% experiencing significant distress. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about tinnitus management with a particular focus on the translation into clinical practice. In the first section, we analyze shortcomings, knowledge gaps, and challenges in the field of tinnitus research. Then, we highlight the relevance of the diagnostic process to account for tinnitus heterogeneity and to identify all relevant aspects of the tinnitus in an individual patient, such as etiological aspects, pathophysiological mechanisms, factors that contribute most to suffering, and comorbidities. In the next section, we review available treatment options, including counselling, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), hearing aids and cochlear implants for patients with a relevant hearing loss, sound generators, novel auditory stimulation approaches, tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), pharmacological treatment, neurofeedback, brain stimulation, bimodal stimulation, Internet- and app-based digital approaches, and alternative treatment approaches. The evidence for the effectiveness of the various treatment interventions varies considerably. We also discuss differences in current respective guideline recommendations and close with a discussion of how current pathophysiological knowledge, latest scientific evidence, and patient perspectives can be translated in patient-centered care.
The value of perforator flap reconstruction in painful soft tissue calcifications
Authors: Kouba Loraine , Fabi Adriano , Glatz Kathrin , Thoma Anna , Lariu Ana , Burger Maximilian , Schweizer Thierry , Schaefer Dirk J. , Kappos Elisabeth A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoft tissue calcifications frequently cause debilitating pain and functional impairments, considerably affecting patients’ quality of life. As they are rare entities, evidence remains sparse, especially regarding treatment effectiveness and recurrence rates. While both pharmacological and surgical treatments may alleviate symptoms, complete resection is currently believed to prevent long-term recurrence of deposits. To improve understanding and raise awareness for soft tissue calcifications, the goal of this study was to review the current state of treatment and to compare benefits and possibilities of flap reconstruction versus simple excision in improving quality of life. Furthermore, we include a successful case report of complete resolution of symptoms following quadruple perforator flap reconstruction. By systematic literature review, studies published in MEDLINE between 1980 and 2024 reporting on surgical treatment and outcome of soft tissue calcifications were included, in addition to a detailed description of our case report. A total of 53 studies reporting on 197 patients with soft tissue calcifications were included. Simple surgical excision was the most commonly (85.9%) employed procedure, demonstrating a substantial recurrence rate of 13.3%. In contrast, no patients who underwent radical excision experienced recurrence. Dermal matrix grafts and flap reconstruction were successfully used in patients requiring substantial tissue coverage, highlighting their value in complex defect reconstruction following radical excision. The combination of complete surgical resection and flap reconstruction reduces recurrence rates and improves postoperative outcomes and quality of life of these patients, supporting early radical surgical intervention as the gold standard treatment for soft tissue calcifications.
Are physical and mechanical properties of 3D resins dependent on the manufacturing method?
Authors: Rizzante Fabio , Hales Hannah , Teich Sorin , Furuse Adilson Yoshio , Mendonça Gustavo , Brennes Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research analyzed the effect of the manufacturing method on the flexural strength and color stability of 3D-printed resins used for producing indirect restorations. For this, two dental restorative biocompatible resin materials, OnX (OnX, SprintRay) and CB (Crown and Bridge, Dentca), were divided into 2 groups according with manufacturing method (printed with a Pro95 3D printer – SprintRay; and not printed, with samples obtained with the fluid resin being poured on PVS molds for further light activation in the post-curing process), and subdivided into 2 groups according to the post-curing method: VG (Valo Grand, Ultradent Products) for 120 s and PC (Procure 2, SprintRay). Bar-shaped samples were used to evaluate the flexural strength 24 h after storage in distilled water at 37 °C using a universal testing machine. Disk-shaped samples were used to evaluate the color stability with a spectrophotometer at baseline, after 1–7 days in dark dry storage at 37 °C, and after 1 day of artificial aging in water at 60 °C. Data were evaluated using 3-way ANOVA (flexural strength) and 4-way repeated measures ANOVA (color stability), followed by the Tukey’s HSD test (α = .05). Flexural strength showed significant results for resin (p < .001), while manufacturing and post-curing methods were not significant (p > .05). The interaction effects between resin and manufacturing method (p = .978), and between resin, manufacturing method and post-curing method (p = .659) were not significant. In general, OnX showed higher flexural strength values than CB, regardless of manufacturing method or post-curing protocol. Color stability results showed significant results for resin (p < .001), time (p < .001), resin and time (p = .029), and resin and curing method (p < .001), but no differences considering resin and manufacturing mode (p = .87), or resin, manufacturing method and curing method (p = .35). In general, OnX showed a higher color change than CB, longer storage times resulted in increased color change for both materials, and CB cured with VG showed lower color alteration than CB cured with PC2. The manufacturing method (3D printed or not 3D printed) does not seem to influence the flexural strength and color stability of 3D printed resins. This may indicate that, at least from a physical–mechanical perspective, the final properties of the material are mainly dependent on the post-curing process.
Canopy openness, proportion of deciduous trees and topsoil C/N ratio drive the yield, but their effect on the polyphenol content of medicinal plants is species-specific
Authors: Jaroszewicz Bogdan , Stojek Katarzyna , Bruelheide Helge , Ponette Quentin , Scherer-Lorenzen Michael , Verheyen Kris , Kiss Anna K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForests and woodlands are the major source of wild medicinal plants worldwide. In our study, we aimed to identify the factors influencing the yield and polyphenol content of Aegopodium podagraria L., Galium aparine L., Rubus fruticosus L., Rubus idaeus L., Stachys sylvatica L. and Urtica dioica L., the common and abundant medicinal plant species in the study areas. We showed that European temperate forests are potentially an important source of the medicinal resources. Light availability, controlled by canopy cover, proportion of deciduous trees and stand basal area were the most important factors positively influencing both abundance and quality of medicinal plants. The C/N ratio and pH of the topsoil were the most important factors positively influencing the content of phenolic compounds. The phenolic content was highly species-specific and varied according to local environmental conditions. A high proportion of deciduous species and a high canopy openness increased the yield and quality of medicinal plants by ensuring high light availability. Plants with high total polyphenol content should also be sought on biologically active (non-acidic) soils with a high C/N ratio. Our results can be used to guide forest management in areas where harvesting of understory medicinal plants is an important provisioning ecosystem service. In many cases a forest management scenario friendly to medicinal plants may require only a minor changes in forest management intensity, as cultivation or enhanced growth of MD plants can take place in intensively thinned forests and cleared forest patches, without competing with timber production.
Automatic Detection of Fatigued Gait Patterns in Older Adults: An Intelligent Portable Device Integrating Force and Inertial Measurements with Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Guoxin , Hong Tommy Tung-Ho , Li Li , Zhang Ming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of early detection of fatigued gait patterns for older adults through the development of a smart portable device.

Methods
The smart device incorporated seven force sensors and a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) to measure regional plantar forces and foot kinematics. Data were collected from 18 older adults walking briskly on a treadmill for 60 min. The optimal feature set for each recognition model was determined using forward sequential feature selection in a wrapper fashion through fivefold cross-validation. The recognition model was selected from four machine learning models through leave-one-subject-out cross-validation.

Results
Five selected characteristics that best represented the state of fatigue included impulse at the medial and lateral arches (increased, p = 0.002 and p < 0.001), contact angle and rotation range of angle in the sagittal plane (increased, p < 0.001), and the variability of the resultant swing angular acceleration (decreased, p < 0.001). The detection accuracy based on the dual signal source of IMU and plantar force was 99%, higher than the 95% accuracy based on the single source. The intelligent portable device demonstrated excellent generalization (ranging from 93 to 100%), real-time performance (2.79 ms), and portability (32 g).

Conclusion
The proposed smart device can detect fatigue patterns with high precision and in real time. Significance: The application of this device possesses the potential to reduce the injury risk for older adults related to fatigue during gait.