bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different beam distances in laser soldering process: a numerical and experimental study
Authors: Nazarudin Muhammad Zaim Hanif , Abas Mohamad Aizat , Wan Ahmad Kamil Wan Maryam , Ahmad Nadzri Faiz Farhan , A. Zahiri Saifulmajdy , Mohd Sharif Mohamad Fikri , Che Ani Fakhrozi , Zawawi Mohd Hafiz 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of different beam distance by understanding laser beam influence on solder joint quality. The utilisation numerical-based simulations and experimental validation will help to minimise the formation of micro void in PTH that can lead to cracks and defects on passive devices.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a combination approach of numerical-based simulation using Finite Volume Method (FVM) and experimental validation to explore the impact of different laser beam distances on solder joint quality in PTH assemblies. The study visualises solder flow and identifies the optimal beam distance for placing a soldering workpiece and a suitable tolerance distance for inserting the solder wire.

Findings
The simulation results show the formation of micro void that occurs in PTH region with low volume fraction and unbalance heat concentration profile observed. The experimental results indicate that the focus point of the laser beam at a 99.0 mm distance yields the smallest beam size. Simulation visualisation demonstrates that the laser beam’s converging area at +4.6 mm from the focus point which provides optimal tolerance distances for placing the solder wire. The high-power laser diode exhibits maximum tolerance distance at 103.6 mm from the focus point where suitable beam distance for positioning of the soldering workpiece with 50% laser power. The simulation results align with the IPC-A-610 standard, ensuring optimal filling height, fillet shape with a 90° contact angle and defect-free.

Practical implications
This research provides implications for the industry by demonstrating the capability of the simulation approach to produce high-quality solder joints. The parameters, such as beam distance and power levels, offer practical guidelines for improving laser soldering processes in the manufacturing industry.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the field by combining high-power laser diode technology with numerical-based simulations to optimise the beam distance parameters for minimising micro void formation in the PTH region.
Blind spectral inversion of seismic data
Authors: Sun Yaoguang , Cao Siyuan , Chen Siyuan , Su Yuxin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReflectivity inversion is a key step in reservoir prediction. Conventional sparse‐spike deconvolution assumes that the reflectivity (reflection coefficient series) is sparse and solves for the reflection coefficients by an L1‐norm inversion process. Spectral inversion is an alternative to sparse‐spike deconvolution, which is based on the odd–even decomposition algorithm and can accurately identify thin layers and reduce the wavelet tuning effect without using constraints from logging data, from horizon interpretations or from an initial model of the reflectivity. In seismic processing, an error exists in wavelet extraction because of complex geological structures, resulting in the low accuracy of deconvolution and inversion. Blind deconvolution is an effective method for solving the problem mentioned above, which comprises seismic wavelet and reflectivity sequence, assuming that the wavelets that affect some subsets of the seismic data are approximately the same. Therefore, we combined blind deconvolution with spectral inversion to propose blind spectral inversion. Given an initial wavelet, we can calculate the reflectivity based on spectral inversion and update the wavelet for the next iteration. During the update processing, we add the smoothness of the wavelet amplitude spectrum as a regularization term, thus reducing the wavelet oscillation in the time domain, increasing the similarity between inverted and initial wavelets, and improving the stability of the solution. The blind spectral inversion method inherits the wavelet robustness of blind deconvolution and high resolution of spectral inversion, which is suitable for reflectivity inversion. Applications to synthetic and field seismic datasets demonstrate that the blind spectral inversion method can accurately calculate the reflectivity even when there is an error in wavelet extraction.
Social Impact Business Angels as New Impact Investors
Authors: Viglialoro Davide , Botelho Tiago , Ughetto Elisa , Laspia Alessandro , Landoni Paolo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to understand how business angels (BAs) who intentionally prioritize investments in start‐ups with a significant social impact (i.e. social impact business angels, SBAs) differ in their characteristics from non‐social BAs. We also examine which features of the investment process of SBAs differ from those of non‐social BAs, and whether social impact considerations are included in investors’ decision‐making. The study also proposes a conceptual model that integrates the relationships between individual characteristics, the likelihood of acting as an SBA, and management of the investment process with the inclusion of both economic and impact concerns. Our analyses are based on a sample of 212 surveyed BAs and on follow‐up interviews with 10 SBAs. We find that certain investor characteristics can explain how SBAs differ from non‐social angels. SBAs follow a similar investment process to other BAs, but they conduct additional evaluations focused on the impact potential of the opportunities.
Disrupting the olfactory response in Monochamus saltuarius: Two potential target genes for controlling the vector insect of pine wilt disease
Authors: Zhang Rong , Wang Jue , Zhang Yanlong , Wang Xizhuo , Zhang Zhen , Kong Xiangbo , Liu Fu , Fang Jiaxing , Zheng Yanan , Zhang Sufang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWorldwide, pine forests have been threatened by a devastating pine wood disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, with Monochamus saltuarius being a newly recorded vector of the disease in Northeast China. The olfactory system plays important roles in both feeding and oviposition during the adult stage of M. saltuarius, and olfactory gene function research is essential for gaining an understanding of the olfactory mechanisms of this pest. However, there is limited information available regarding olfactory gene functions in this pest. In the present study, we selected 7 olfactory genes, including 2 chemosensory proteins, 2 odorant‐binding proteins, the odorant co‐receptor and 2 odorant receptors, which were relatively highly expressed during the adult stage. We silenced these genes by RNA interference (RNAi), and real‐time quantitative PCR was used to detect their expression levels after double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) injection. The results indicate that these genes were significantly downregulated at 2 d post‐dsRNA injection, and this was sustained until 5 d post‐injection. Electroantennography tests indicated that the knockdown of MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco impaired the olfactory response of M. saltuarius to 11 host volatiles and 1 sex pheromone compound. Y‐tube experiments further confirmed that downregulated MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco expression led to olfactory dysfunction in M. saltuarius, which significantly lost selectivity. The results indicate that MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco play critical roles in sex communication and host volatile detection in M. saltuarius, and possibly represent 2 effective targets for controlling this forest pest through olfactory disruption.
Comparison of the efficacy of drug‐coated balloon angioplasty and conventional balloon angioplasty in the endovascular treatment of thrombosed arteriovenous dialysis fistulas
Authors: Ozdemir Mustafa , Taydas Onur 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of thrombosed arteriovenous fistulas.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, controlled study investigated the use of drug‐eluting balloons in the treatment of the thrombosis of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) at our center between January 2018 and January 2023. A total of 246 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 61.3 ± 11.5 years. Of the patients, 150 (61%) were male and 96 (39%) were female. Angioplasty was performed using a plain balloon (PB) in 126 patients (51.2%) and a drug‐coated balloon (DCB) in 120 (48.8%). The control images of the patients were obtained at the sixth and 12th months. Patency was evaluated during the follow‐up.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, fistula location, or stenosis length. No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the number of complications observed during and after the procedure. At the end of the sixth month, the patency rate was found to be 86.7% in the DCB group and 78.6% in the PB group. The 12th‐month patency rate was 77.5% in the DCB group and 57.9% in the PB group. A significant difference was detected between the two groups in relation to the 6th‐ and 12th‐month patency rates (p = 0.034 and p = 0.046, respectively).ConclusionDrug‐coated balloon angioplasty is an effective approach to the treatment of thrombosed AVFs, especially in terms of prolonging primary patency and reducing the need for secondary procedures.
Agri‐environmental Schemes Require Improved Design for Better Outcomes
Authors: Nguyen Chi , Latacz‐Lohmann Uwe , Hanley Nick 
Published: August 2024

SummaryAdvocacy for a shift from an individual farm‐level to a landscape‐level approach in agri‐environmental policy is a focal point in the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. Such a shift aims to address spatial mismatches between ecological processes and targeted environmental outcomes, and to harness potential ecological gains from spatial coordination. However, there remains limited understanding of how to design effective mechanisms aimed at encouraging coordination among landholders. Do landscape configurations influence the effectiveness of coordination mechanisms? This article aims to assess the effectiveness of alternative coordination mechanisms incorporated in the design of a conservation auction across alternative landscape configurations, that is, in terms of the spatial relationship between some measure of environmental benefit – such as wild bird species diversity – and the profitability of farmland. These mechanisms include landholder‐to‐landholder communication, disclosure of spatial environmental scoring rules, and the Agglomeration Bonus. We used lab experiments to evaluate these options. Our results suggest that there is no panacea for promoting landscape‐level environmental outcomes. Communication proves capable of significantly facilitating coordination, whilst information disclosure policies can serve as an effective coordination mechanism in multiple landscape types. By contrast, the Agglomeration Bonus was only found to effectively promote coordination in a positively correlated landscape type. It leads to lower cost‐effectiveness in all landscape types.
Incorporating whole soybean pulp into wheat flour for nutrient‐enriched steamed bread: Exploring the impact on physical and nutritional characteristics
Authors: Han Feng , Song Jialin , Qi Mingming , Li Yueming , Xu Mei , Zhang Xin , Yan Chuangshuo , Chen Shanfeng , Li Hongjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research explored the impact of incorporating various levels of whole soybean pulp (WSP) (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) into wheat flour on the physical and nutritional qualities of steamed bread. In comparison with the traditional steamed bread, the substitution of up to 20% WSP did not significantly alter the specific volume, hardness, and chewiness of the steamed bread. Additionally, the crumb texture of the steamed bread with 20% WSP maintained small and uniform pores, with optimal springiness and cohesiveness. Nutritionally, the substitution of 10%–50% WSP enhanced total dietary fiber, total phenolics, and protein by 9.40%–89.79%, 14.96%–116.31%, and 3.45%–34.36%, respectively. Isoflavones in the steamed bread increased markedly from 22.92 µg/g to a range of 140.12–997.12 µg/g. The expected glycemic index showed a decrease from 90.24 to between 85.85 and 70.75, whereas amino acid scores improved from 59.22 to a range of 64.58–65.08, with lysine (Lys) scores notably increasing from 59.22 to between 64.96 and 88.80. In conclusion, partially replacing wheat flour with WSP is an effective method for enhancing the nutritional profile and addressing the essential amino acid imbalance in steamed bread.Practical ApplicationThis study partially replaced flour with WSP to improve the steamed bread's nutritional quality. The optimal substitution level was determined to be 20% WSP, which improves the bread's nutritional value without significantly impacting its physical qualities. Furthermore, WSP is produced from soaked soybeans through hot water milling. This process simplifies soybean processing, lowers energy consumption and costs, and reduces pollution. It also effectively retains essential nutrients, such as protein, dietary fiber, polyphenols, and soy isoflavones, ensuring the full utilization of soybeans.
Influence of growth medium on the species‐specific interactions between algae and bacteria
Authors: Jonynaite Kamile , Stirke Arunas , Gerken Henri , Frey Wolfgang , Gusbeth Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated a species‐specific algal–bacterial co‐culture that has recently attracted worldwide scientific attention as a novel approach to enhancing algal growth rate. We report that the type of interaction between Chlorella vulgaris and bacteria of the genus Delftia is not solely determined by species specificity. Rather, it is a dynamic process of adaptation to the surrounding conditions, where one or the other microorganism dominates (temporally) depending on the growth conditions, in particular the medium. Under laboratory conditions, we found that Delftia sp. had a negative effect on C. vulgaris growth when co‐cultured in a TAP medium. However, the co‐culture of algae and bacteria under BG‐11 and BG‐11 + acetic acid resulted in an increase in algal concentration compared to algal cultures without bacteria under the same conditions. Additional chemical analysis revealed that the presence of different carbon (the main organic carbon source—acetic acid in TAP or BG‐11 + acetic acid medium and inorganic carbon source—Na2CO3 in BG‐11 or BG‐11 + acetic acid medium) and nitrogen (NH4Cl in TAP medium and NaNO3 in BG‐11 or BG‐11 + acetic acid medium) species in the growth medium was one of the main factors driving the shift in interaction type.
A “Battle for hearts and minds”? EU digital diplomacy toward the Global South
Authors: Sottilotta Cecilia Emma 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the polarization created by Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and growing competition between the US and China, a “battle for the hearts and minds” of the Global South is taking place, with the digital realm serving as a major theater for such a battle. Based on a review of the literature, an analysis of official documents as well as data collected via expert interviews with EU officials, this study delves into the state of the art of EU digital diplomacy toward the Global South, problematizing key concepts and categories; exploring the role of actors, audiences, and messages; and providing some policy recommendations.
First pediatric pelvic surgery with the Senhance® robotic surgical system: A case series
Authors: Kato Daiki , Uchida Hiroo , Shirota Chiyoe , Tainaka Takahisa , Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Satomi Miwa , Yasui Akihiro , Nakagawa Yoichi , Maeda Takuya , Ishii Hiroki , Ota Kazuki , Nagata Naoki , Hinoki Akinari 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Senhance® robotic system (Senhance [Asensus Surgical Inc., Naderhan, NC, USA]) is a new surgical assistive robot following the da Vinci Surgical System that has been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious. Herein, we report the first case series of pediatric pelvic surgery using Senhance. Two anorectoplasties and one rectal pull‐through coloanal anastomosis for rectal stenosis were performed in three children (5–9 months, 7–9 kg) using a 10‐mm three‐dimensional (3D) 4K camera and 3 and 5 mm forceps operated with Senhance. None of the patients had intraoperative complications or a good postoperative course. Pediatric pelvic surgery with Senhance could be performed precisely and safely with a small body cavity. With its beautiful 3D images, motion of forceps with reduced tremor, and availability of 3‐mm forceps, Senhance may be better suited for children compared with other models.
OTULIN's influence on neuroinflammation and pain modulation in trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Wang Heng , Zheng Wenhao , Wang Ding , Sun Chenglong , Dong Jun , Yu Wenhua , Du Quan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionTrigeminal neuralgia (TN), marked by chronic pain from neural damage, is closely associated with inflammation. The role of OTULIN, a key regulator in inflammation and autophagy, is not fully understood in TN. The regulatory mechanism of OTULIN, a key protein involved in modulating inflammatory responses and autophagy processes, remains incompletely elucidated, particularly in the context of TN and neuroinflammation.MethodsAn infraorbital nerve ligation‐induced rat model of TN was used. OTULIN's expression was modulated using adenovirus vectors and short hairpin RNA. The impact on pain and inflammatory responses was assessed via quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomic analysis.ResultsEnhanced OTULIN expression significantly increased head withdrawal thresholds and reduced pain sensitivity and neuroinflammatory markers in the model. Conversely, silencing OTULIN exacerbated pain and inflammation. Transcriptomic data revealed OTULINs influence on both inflammatory and autophagy pathways, specifically in suppressing NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and promoting autophagy. In vitro experiments demonstrated OTULIN's inhibition of inflammatory markers in microglia and neurons.ConclusionOTULIN is crucial in modulating TN, reducing neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation by activating the autophagy pathway and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Tert‐butylhydroquinone and tert‐butylcatechol positivity as warning lights of skin sensitization to tert‐butylphenol derivatives in adhesives and diabetes devices
Authors: Dendooven Ella , Naessens Tania , Foubert Kenn , Hermans Nina , Aerts Olivier 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionTert‐butylphenol (TBP) derivatives, antioxidants in adhesives and diabetes devices, may provoke allergic contact dermatitis (ACD).ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to report sensitization to TBP derivatives in medical devices and to highlight that tert‐butylhydroquinone (BHQ) and tert‐butylcatechol (TBC) are potential screeners in this regard.MethodsFifteen patients with ACD from adhesives and diabetes devices were patch tested to different TBPs: BHQ 1% pet., TBC 0.25% pet., BHA 2% pet., BHT 2% pet., 4‐tert‐butylphenol (TBP) 1% pet. and 2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol (di TBP) 1% pet. The culprit devices (medical adhesives, sanitary pads, diabetes devices) and TBP patch preparations were analysed using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC–MS).ResultsBHQ (9/13), TBC (7/13), and to a lesser extent BHT (3/15), BHA (2/15) and TBP (2/13) gave positive reactions. Seven patients had developed ACD from adhesives and diabetes devices, respectively, and one patient from sanitary pads. GC–MS analyses of the medical devices and patch test materials confirmed the presence of the patch‐test positive TBPs, or chemically related derivatives, or, interestingly, tert‐butylbenzoquinones (BBQ) were found, that is, spontaneously formed, highly reactive TBP metabolites, likely (pseudo‐) cross reacting with the patch tested TBPs.ConclusionTBPs might be overlooked sensitizers in medical devices, and BHQ and TBC are potential screeners in this regard.
Increasing Multiorgan Heart Transplantations From Donation After Circulatory Death Donors in the United States
Authors: Madan Shivank , Teitelbaum Jill , Saeed Omar , Hemmige Vagish , Vukelic Sasha , Rochlani Yogita , Murthy Sandhya , Sims Daniel B. , Shin Jooyoung , Forest Stephen J. , Goldstein Daniel J. , Patel Snehal R. , Jorde Ulrich P. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDonation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are becoming an important source of organs for heart‐transplantation (HT), but there are limited data regarding their use in multiorgan‐HT.MethodsBetween January 2020 and June 2023, we identified 87 adult multiorgan‐HTs performed using DCD‐donors [77 heart–kidney, 6 heart–lung, 4 heart–liver] and 1494 multiorgan‐HTs using donation after brain death (DBD) donors (1141 heart–kidney, 165 heart–lung, 188 heart–liver) in UNOS. For heart–kidney transplantations (the most common multiorgan‐HT combination from DCD‐donors), we also compared donor/recipient characteristics, and early outcomes, including 6‐month mortality using Kaplan–Meier (KM) and Cox hazards‐ratio (Cox‐HR).ResultsUse of DCD‐donors for multiorgan‐HTs in the United States increased from 1% in January to June 2020 to 12% in January–June 2023 (p < 0.001); but there was a wide variation across UNOS regions and center volumes. Compared to recipients of DBD heart–kidney transplantations, recipients of DCD heart–kidney transplantations were less likely to be of UNOS Status 1/2 at transplant (35.06% vs. 69.59%) and had lower inotrope use (22.08% vs. 43.30%), lower IABP use (2.60% vs. 26.29%), but higher durable CF‐LVAD use (19.48% vs. 12.97%), all p < 0.01. Compared to DBD‐donors, DCD‐donors used for heart–kidney transplantations were younger [28(22–34) vs. 32(25–39) years, p = 0.004]. Recipients of heart–kidney transplantations from DCD‐donors and DBD‐donors had similar 6‐month survival using both KM analysis, and unadjusted and adjusted Cox‐HR models, including in propensity matched cohorts. Rates of PGF and in‐hospital outcomes were also similar.ConclusionsUse of DCD‐donors for multiorgan‐HTs has increased rapidly in the United States and early outcomes of DCD heart–kidney transplantations are promising.