bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fcγ Receptor IIIa Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Haplotypes Affect Human IgG Binding and Are Associated With Lupus Nephritis in African Americans
Authors: Dong Chaoling , Ptacek Travis S. , Redden David T. , Zhang Kui , Brown Elizabeth E. , Edberg Jeffrey C. , McGwin Gerald , Alarcón Graciela S. , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Reveille John D. , Vilá Luis M. , Petri Michelle , Qin Aijian , Wu Jianming , Kimberly Robert P. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the Fcγ receptor IIIa–66L/R/H (FcγRIIIa‐66L/R/H) polymorphism influences net effective receptor function and to assess if the FCGR3A combined genotypes formed by FcγRIIIa‐66L/R/H and FcγRIIIa‐176F/V, as well as copy number variation (CNV), confer risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis.MethodsFcγRIIIa variants, expressed on A20 IIA1.6 cells, were used in flow cytometry–based human IgG–binding assays. Using Pyrosequencing methodology, FCGR3A single‐nucleotide polymorphism and CNV genotypes were determined in a cohort of 1,728 SLE patients and 2,404 healthy controls.ResultsThe FcγRIIIa‐66L/R/H (rs10127939) polymorphism influenced ligand binding capacity in the presence of the FcγRIIIa‐176V (rs396991) allele. There was a trend toward an association of the low‐binding FcγRIIIa‐176F allele with lupus nephritis among African Americans (P = 0.0609) but not among European Americans (P > 0.10). Nephritis among African American patients with SLE was associated with FcγRIIIa low‐binding haplotypes containing the 66L/R/H and 176F variants (P = 0.03) and with low‐binding genotype combinations (P = 0.002). No association was observed among European American patients with SLE. The distribution of FCGR3A CNV was not significantly different among controls and SLE patients with or without nephritis.ConclusionFcγRIIIa‐66L/R/H influences ligand binding. The low‐binding haplotypes formed by 66L/R/H and 176F confer enhanced risk of lupus nephritis in African Americans. FCGR3A CNVs are not associated with SLE or lupus nephritis in either African Americans or European Americans.
Improvement of cellulase and xylanase production by solid‐state fermentation of Stachybotrys microspora
Authors: Abdeljalil Salma , Saibi Walid , Ben Hmad Ines , Baklouti Abir , Ben Mahmoud Feten , Belghith Hafedh , Gargouri Ali 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe current study investigated the production of cellulases and xylanases from the rare fungus Stachybotrys microspora under solid‐state fermentation (SSF) on wheat bran (WB). A comparison of both activities was first performed in submerged cultures using various concentrations of WB, glucose, and cellulose as substrates. The maximal activity of ‐glucosidases and xylanases was obtained with 2% and 4% WB, respectively, whereas cellulose yielded the highest endoglucanase production. The SSF conditions were therefore consequently optimized. A moisture content of 70% gave the most significant levels of enzyme production. Inoculation by spores led to better results than by preculture, with 105 spores per gram of dried matter as the best inoculum dose for all activities tested. Interestingly, the WB‐based medium need not to be supplemented by an exogeneous nitrogen source. Considering the richness of S. microspora secreted proteins as lytic hydrolases, the crude extracellular enzyme extracts were successfully tested in two different biotechnological fields: protoplasting of fungi and subsequent extraction of their DNA, paper pulp hydrolysis to produce fermentable sugars.
Design and characterization of a chimeric multiepitope construct containing CfaB, heat‐stable toxoid, CssA, CssB, and heat‐labile toxin subunit B of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: a bioinformatic approach
Authors: Zeinalzadeh Narges , Salmanian Ali Hatef , Ahangari Ghasem , Sadeghi Mahdi , Amani Jafar , Bathaie S. Zahra , Jafari Mahyat 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in children in developing countries and travelers to these areas. Enterotoxins and colonization factors (CFs) are two key virulence factors in ETEC pathogenesis, and the heterogeneity of the CFs is the bottleneck in reaching an effective vaccine. In this study, a candidate subunit vaccine, which is composed of CfaB, CssA and CssB, structural subunits of colonization factor antigen I and CS6 CFs, labile toxin subunit B, and the binding subunit of heat‐labile and heat‐stable toxoid, was designed to provide broad‐spectrum protection against ETEC. The different features of chimeric gene, its mRNA stability, and chimeric protein properties were analyzed by using bioinformatic tools. The optimized chimeric gene was chemically synthesized and expressed successfully in a prokaryotic host. The purified protein was used for assessment of bioinformatic data by experimental methods.
Low prealbumin is a significant predictor of medical complications in severe anorexia nervosa
Authors: Gaudiani Jennifer L. , Sabel Allison L. , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivePrealbumin levels have been proven to correlate with hospital length of stay, wound healing, infection rates, and mortality in adults hospitalized for medical or surgical purposes, or those who have chronic illnesses. Little is known about the utility of prealbumin evaluation in adults with severe anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodWe retrospectively evaluated prealbumin levels, along with numerous other clinical parameters relevant to illness acuity and early refeeding outcomes, in 132 adults with AN admitted for definitive inpatient medical stabilization from October 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. Per clinical protocol, prealbumin was checked on admission and approximately weekly thereafter until discharge.ResultsPatients had a median age of 28 years old, a mean admission body mass index (BMI) of 12.9 kg/m2 (S.D. 6.1), and 89% of patients were women. A total of 47% of patients had a low prealbumin at the time of admission. By discharge, 77% of patients had normalized their prealbumin levels. Patients with low admission prealbumin levels had a threefold increased risk of refeeding hypophosphatemia and a twofold increase in hypoglycemia compared with patients who had a normal admission prealbumin, independent of admission BMI.DiscussionA low serum prealbumin level appeared concurrent with other markers of serious medical compromise, and was associated with two potentially life threatening complications of early refeeding: hypophosphatemia and hypoglycemia. The cause of low prealbumin remains elusive. Prealbumin should be checked in patients with severe AN prior to initiating weight restoration, as low levels may be an important harbinger of early refeeding complications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:148‐156)
A comparison of abundance estimates from extended batch‐marking and Jolly–Seber‐type experiments
Authors: Cowen Laura L. E. , Besbeas Panagiotis , Morgan Byron J. T. , Schwarz Carl J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLittle attention has been paid to the use of multi‐sample batch‐marking studies, as it is generally assumed that an individual's capture history is necessary for fully efficient estimates. However, recently, Huggins et al. () present a pseudo‐likelihood for a multi‐sample batch‐marking study where they used estimating equations to solve for survival and capture probabilities and then derived abundance estimates using a Horvitz–Thompson‐type estimator. We have developed and maximized the likelihood for batch‐marking studies. We use data simulated from a Jolly–Seber‐type study and convert this to what would have been obtained from an extended batch‐marking study. We compare our abundance estimates obtained from the Crosbie–Manly–Arnason–Schwarz (CMAS) model with those of the extended batch‐marking model to determine the efficiency of collecting and analyzing batch‐marking data. We found that estimates of abundance were similar for all three estimators: CMAS, Huggins, and our likelihood. Gains are made when using unique identifiers and employing the CMAS model in terms of precision; however, the likelihood typically had lower mean square error than the pseudo‐likelihood method of Huggins et al. (). When faced with designing a batch‐marking study, researchers can be confident in obtaining unbiased abundance estimators. Furthermore, they can design studies in order to reduce mean square error by manipulating capture probabilities and sample size.
Effect of mustard on lipid oxidation in model pork meat product
Authors: Karwowska Małgorzata , Dolatowski Zbigniew J. 
Published: December 2013

The effect of ground mustard seed on the formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) and malondialdehyde was evaluated by comparing their concentration in fresh and stored cooked model pork meat product prepared with addition of two levels of mustard seed and without this flavoring. The sensory quality of product was also determined using quantitative descriptive analysis. Obtained results pointed out that the addition of mustard seed to the composition of cooked model meat products decreased TBARS values. The concentration of cholesterol oxides in model meat product samples was between 5.14 and 30.42 µg/100 g product during 12 days of chilling storage. The results showed that a low amount (0.5%) of ground mustard seed was effective in inhibiting the formation of oxysterols. The highest effectiveness of mustard seed was observed in case of 7‐ketocholesterol and 7β‐hydroxycholesterol formation. The results of sensory evaluation indicated that mustard seed at the level of 0.2 and 0.5% of model pork products had positive effects on their sensory qualities. The lower concentration of COPs in the investigated cooked meat product with mustard seed addition at 1 day since the production may be connected with the presence of phenolic compounds generated during heat‐treatment of meat product such as canolol.Practical application: Oxidation processes are one of the major problems encountered in meat processing and storage. The addition of natural antioxidants is a major way to inhibit oxidation processes in meat products. Mustard seeds are excellent source of phenolic compounds, which have been reported to show good antioxidant activity. The results of this study suggest that incorporation of ground mustard into cooked meat product can improve lipid stability and functional value for consumers. Therefore, mustard seed can serve as an ingredient in developing healthy meat products.
Secondary production of freshwater zooplankton communities exposed to a fungicide and to a petroleum distillate in outdoor pond mesocosms
Authors: Bayona Yannick , Roucaute Ana , Roucaute Marc , Gorzerino Caroline , Cailleaud Kevin , Lagadic Laurent , Bassères Anne , Caquet Thierry 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Ecological risk assessment of chemicals in mesocosms requires measurement of a large number of parameters at the community level. Studies on invertebrate communities usually focus on taxonomic approaches, which only provide insights into taxonomic structure changes induced by chemicals. In the present study, abundance, biomass (B), theoretical production (P), and instantaneous P/B ratio were used as endpoints to assess the effects of the commercial form of the dithiocarbamate fungicide thiram (35 µg/L and 170 µg/L nominal concentrations) and of the hydrocarbon water accommodated fraction (HWAF) of a petroleum distillate (0.01 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 20 mg/L loadings) on the zooplankton community in freshwater pond mesocosms. Endpoints were measured during a 4-wk treatment period (1 pulse/wk) followed by a 5-mo posttreatment period to evaluate zooplankton population recovery. The chlorophyll a concentration in water was significantly increased after treatment with HWAF, whereas it was not affected by thiram treatment. Zooplankton abundance-based analysis showed effects on a limited number of taxa, whereas other endpoints (mainly the P/B ratio) revealed that more taxa were impacted, with recovery depending on the chemical and concentration. Exposure to HWAF mainly had a negative impact on cladocerans, which resulted in top-down effects (between cladocerans and phytoplankton). Thiram negatively affected rotifers and copepods, suggesting more direct toxic effects. The results show that the use of secondary production as an endpoint provides a more comprehensive assessment of potential direct and indirect effects of chemicals on a community, and they also support evidence of alteration in functional processes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:836–846. © 2013 SETAC
Identification of compounds in heavy fuel oil that are chronically toxic to rainbow trout embryos by effects-driven chemical fractionation
Authors: Adams Julie , Bornstein Jason M. , Munno Keenan , Hollebone Bruce , King Thomas , Brown R. Stephen , Hodson Peter V. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

The present study isolated and identified compounds in heavy fuel oil 7102 (HFO 7102) that are bioavailable and chronically toxic to rainbow trout embryos (Oncorhynchus mykiss). An effects-driven chemical fractionation combined the chemical separation of oil with toxicity testing and chemical analyses of each fraction to identify the major classes of compounds associated with embryo toxicity. Toxicity was assessed with 2 exposure methods, a high-energy chemical dispersion of oil in water, which included oil droplets in test solutions, and water accommodated fractions which were produced by oiled gravel desorption columns, and which did not contain visible oil droplets. Fractions of HFO with high concentrations of naphthalenes, alkanes, asphaltenes, and resins were nontoxic to embryos over the range of concentrations tested. In contrast, fractions enriched with 3- to 4-ringed alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were embryotoxic, consistent with published studies of crude oils and individual alkyl PAHs. The rank order of fraction toxicity did not vary between the exposure methods and was consistent with their PAH content; fractions with higher–molecular weight alkyl PAHs were the most toxic. Exposure of juvenile trout to most fractions of HFO induced higher activities of cytochrome P450 enzymes, with a rank order of potency that varied with exposure method and differed somewhat from that of embryotoxicity. Induction reflected the bioavailability of PAHs but did not accurately predict embryotoxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:825–835. © 2013 SETAC
Thyroid autoimmunity and risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules submitted to fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Grani Giorgio , Calvanese Anna , Carbotta Giovanni , D'Alessandri Mimma , Nesca Angela , Bianchini Marta , Del Sordo Marianna , Vitale Martina , Fumarola Angela 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhether the risk of cancer is increased in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is a controversial issue.MethodsBetween May 2005 and October 2012, 3777 fine‐needle aspiration cytologies (FNACs) were performed on 2562 patients. Serum FT4, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), anti‐thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and anti‐thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) were determined.ResultsPatients with suspicious cytology were younger and presented smaller maximum lesion diameter. In patients with TgAb positivity, suspicious cytology was detected more frequently (9.4%) than patients without TgAb (5.7%; p = .04). No significant difference was recorded between benign and suspicious cytology in the positive TPOAb rate. Risk factors for suspicious cytology were younger age (odds ratio [OR], 0.94), smaller maximum diameter (0.95), single lesion (1.85), microcalcifications (3.45), and TgAb (1.74). Mixed solid/fluid content resulted as being a protective factor (0.34). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, mixed content, and microcalcification confirmed significance.ConclusionThyroid nodule malignancy in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis is not more frequent than in patients without thyroiditis. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 260‐264, 2015
Carotid blowout in patients with head and neck cancer: Associated factors and treatment outcomes
Authors: Chen Yi‐Juin , Wang Ching‐Ping , Wang Chen‐Chi , Jiang Rong‐San , Lin Jin‐Ching , Liu Shih‐An 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with carotid blowout in the cervical portion of patients with head and neck cancer in a large cohort.MethodsWe reviewed patients with head and neck cancer and identified those with carotid blowout. Variables of patients with and without carotid blowout were compared and associated factors were investigated by logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 2590 patients were included in the final analysis and 102 patients (3.9%) developed carotid blowout in the cervical region. Body mass index (BMI) <22.5 kg/M2, primary site in the hypopharynx or oropharynx, open wound in the neck requiring wet dressing, radical neck dissection, and total radiation dose to the neck ≥70 Gy were independent factors associated with carotid blowout.ConclusionAfter completion of treatment in patients with head and neck cancer, carotid blowout was an uncommon complication with catastrophic results. Recognition of associated factors helps physicians to identify those at risk. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 265‐272, 2015
Assessment of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for use in patients after neck dissection for head and neck cancer
Authors: Goldstein David P. , Ringash Jolie , Irish Jonathan C. , Gilbert Ralph , Gullane Patrick , Brown Dale , Xu Wei , Del Bel Ryan , Chepeha Douglas , Davis Aileen M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn this cross‐sectional study, the sensibility, test‐retest reliability, and validity of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire were assessed in patients who underwent neck dissection.MethodsSensibility was assessed with a questionnaire. Test‐retest reliability was performed with completion of the DASH questionnaire 2 weeks after initial completion; validity, by evaluating differences in scores between patients undergoing different types of neck dissections and correlating DASH scores with Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) scores.ResultsThe DASH questionnaire met sensibility criteria. For test‐retest reliability analysis, the intraclass coefficient was 0.91. The DASH questionnaire showed differences between patients who underwent accessory nerve‐sacrifice and nerve‐sparing neck dissection. DASH questionnaire scores strongly correlated with NDII scores (r = ‐0.86).ConclusionAlthough this study provides preliminary data on some psychometric properties of the DASH questionnaire in patients who have undergone a neck dissection, further assessment of responsiveness and other properties are required. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 234‐242, 2015
Ulnar artery–based free forearm flap: Review of specific anatomic features in 322 cases and related literature
Authors: Hakim Samer G. , Trenkle Thomas , Sieg Peter , Jacobsen Hans‐Christian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe ulnar free forearm flap (UFFF) represents a variant of soft tissue transplants for orofacial reconstruction with specific topographic anatomy of the donor‐site, which has to be considered during flap raising.MethodsAnalysis of intraoperative findings during harvest of 322 UFFFs for head and neck reconstruction was performed. Harvest technique in view of variations of skin flap, vascular, and neuronal anatomy is described herein and related literature is reviewed.ResultsAberrant superficial ulnar artery was observed in 1.5% of cases. The Martin–Gruber anastomosis was seen in 11.5%. The dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve was always visible and had to be dissected and separated under the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and donor‐site morbidity was low.ConclusionConsidering local anatomic features and variations, the harvest of the UFFF is safe and survival rates are comparable with those of the radial forearm flap. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1224–1229, 2014
Therapeutic robot‐assisted neck dissection via a retroauricular or modified facelift approach in head and neck cancer: A comparative study with conventional transcervical neck dissection
Authors: Kim Won Shik , Byeon Hyung Kwon , Park Young Min , Ha Jong Gyun , Kim Eun Sung , Koh Yoon Woo , Choi Eun Chang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn a previous study of robot‐assisted neck dissection (RAND), we limited the indication for neck dissection in clinical N0 head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study was for us to present the comparison of the results of therapeutic RAND via a retroauricular or modified facelift approach with outcomes from conventional neck dissection in clinical node‐positive head and neck cancer.MethodsThis study involved a total of 53 patients who underwent neck dissection for head and neck cancer. Operative and pathologic parameters were assessed.ResultsThe RAND and the conventional neck dissection group consisted of 20 and 33 patients, respectively. The mean operative time for the RAND group was significantly longer than that of the conventional neck dissection group. The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes in the RAND group was not significantly different from the conventional neck dissection group.ConclusionTherapeutic RAND via a retroauricular or modified facelift approach was successful with satisfactory esthetic results in patients with node‐positive head and neck cancer. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 249‐254, 2015
Freehand SPECT‐guided sentinel lymph node biopsy in early oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Bluemel Christina , Herrmann Ken , Müller–Richter Urs , Lapa Constantin , Higuchi Takahiro , Wild Vanessa , Buck Andreas K. , Kübler Alexander , Linz Christian 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), cervical lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor. Compared to elective neck dissection, reduced morbidity and better quality of life was demonstrated for sentinel lymph node biopsy, which is controversial because of the reduced detection rate of sentinel lymph nodes in close proximity to the injection site (also known as the shine‐through phenomenon).MethodsWe report the case of a 44‐year‐old woman with a biopsy‐proven early OSCC of the anterior floor of the mouth, who received SLNB guided with freehand single‐photon emission CT (fhSPECT), a system for the 3D visualization of radioactivity in the body.ResultsOne level III sentinel lymph node and 1 level I sentinel lymph node, in close proximity to the injection site, were detected and dissected. The level I sentinel lymph node contained a metastasis.ConclusionUsing fhSPECT, the issue outlined was overcome, and the precise histopathological lymph node status (pN1; 1 of 49) was determined. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: E112–E116, 2014