bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Likelihood-Ratio-Based Confidence Intervals for Multiple Threshold Parameters
Authors: Donayre Luiggi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes the inversion of likelihood ratio tests for the construction of confidence intervals for multiple threshold parameters. Using Monte Carlo simulations, conservative likelihood-ratio-based confidence intervals are shown to exhibit empirical coverage rates at least as high as nominal levels for all threshold parameters, while still being informative in the sense of only including relatively few observations in each confidence interval. These findings are robust to the magnitude of the threshold effect, the sample size and the presence of serial correlation. Applications to existing models with multiple thresholds for U.S. real GDP growth and for the wage Phillips curve demonstrate how the proposed approach is empirically relevant to make inferences about the uncertainty of threshold estimates.
Proof of concept and new developments on a Kibble extension
Authors: Pabst Markus , Hilbrunner Falko , Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article describes the proof of concept of a Kibble extension for vacuum mass comparators and its further development. A Kibble extension is a technical extension for vacuum mass comparators to connect to the new definition of the International System of Units (SI) of 2019. A commercially available high-vacuum prototype mass comparator from Sartorius serves as the basis. It is used to compare kilogram prototypes, such as the international prototype kilogram

(

K

)

$(\mathfrak{K})$

, directly with other kilogram mass standards in order to realize a calibration chain. According to the new definition of the SI in 2019, the kilogram is defined by the Planck constant (h), therefore the Kibble extension is designed to enable high-vacuum mass comparators to be converted by technical modifications to allow mass to be realized according to the new definition. The aim is to realize kilogram prototypes and mass standards in the range from 1 mg to 1 kg according to the E1 standard of OIML R111-1 (2004). Initial measurement results with a prototype of the Kibble extension are presented and evaluated. Based on the experience gained, a lightweight magnet system developed with the use of simulation methods is presented. This is intended to contribute to the further development of the Kibble extension.
Liberdade e Necessidade (Doutrina da Vontade, de Asa Mahan – Capítulo III)
Authors: Becker Silvério 
Published: August 2024

No presente texto, vamos considerar a grande e fundamental característica da Vontade, aquela pela qual ela é, em um sentido especial, distinguida de cada uma das outras faculdades mentais, a saber: a Liberdade.
Pituitary gigantism due to a novel AIP germline splice-site variant
Authors: Lamback Elisa , Miranda Renan Lyra , Chimelli Leila , Andreiuolo Felipe , Kasuki Leandro , Wildemberg Luiz Eduardo , Gadelha Mônica R 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Pituitary gigantism is a rare pediatric disorder caused by excess growth hormone (GH) secretion. In almost 50% of cases, a genetic cause can be identified, with pathogenic variants in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) gene being the most common. We present a case of an 11-year-old boy who exhibited progressive vision loss, associated with accelerated linear growth, and weight gain. On physical examination, he had enlarged hands, right eye amaurosis, and was already above his target height. Increased GH and IGF-I concentrations confirmed the diagnosis of pituitary gigantism. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a giant sellar lesion with supra- and para-sellar extensions. He underwent two surgeries which did not achieve a cure or visual improvement. Histopathological analysis revealed a sparsely granulated tumor, negative for somatostatin receptor type 2 (SST2) and an immunoreactivity score of 6 for somatostatin receptor type 5 (SST5). Our published artificial intelligence prediction model predicted an 83% chance of not responding to first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands. Pasireotide was therefore prescribed, and afterward cabergoline was added on. IGF-I concentrations decreased but did not normalize. We discovered a novel germline single nucleotide variant in the splicing donor region of intron 2 of the AIP gene (NM_003977.4:c.279+1 G>A), classified as likely pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.
INCREASING GENERATION EFFICIENCY OF A TWO-LEVEL GAS LASER WHEN SWITCHING FROM SINGLE-SIDED TO DOUBLE-SIDED TRANSVERSE DIODE PUMPING
Authors: ПАРХОМЕНКО А.И. , ШАЛАГИН А.М. 
Published: August 2024

Теоретически исследована работа двухуровневого газового лазера в схемах с односторонней и двухсторонней поперечной диодной накачкой. Для случая не слишком малого коэффициента отражения выходного зеркала получены аналитические формулы, которые описывают работу двухуровневого газового лазера при односторонней и двухсторонней диодной накачке, позволяют определить любые энергетические характеристики лазера и найти оптимальные параметры рабочей среды и излучения накачки, необходимые для наиболее эффективной работы лазера. Показано, что эффективность генерации двухуровневого газового лазера может быть увеличена на 11-20 % при переходе от односторонней накачки к двухсторонней.
The operation of a two-level gas laser in schemes with single-sided and double-sided transverse diode pumping is investigated theoretically. If the reflection coefficient of the output mirror is not too small, analytical formulas are obtained that describe the operation of a two-level gas laser with single-sided and double-sided diode pumping and make it possible to determine any laser energy characteristics and to find optimal parameters of the working medium and pump radiation that are required for the most effective laser operation. It is shown that the generation efficiency of a two-level gas laser can be increased by 11-20% when switching from single-sided to double-sided pumping.
ON THE USE OF HARMONIC SIGNALS FOR SIMULATING THE OPERATION OF MEASURING AND CORRECTING OPTICAL SYSTEMS IN A TURBULENT ATMOSPHERE
Authors: ЛУКИН В.П. 
Published: August 2024

Исследуется вопрос корректности использования гармонического сигнала для моделирования работы измерительных фазовых систем, например систем адаптивной оптики, измеряющих и корректирующих турбулентные искажения. Выполнены оценки временно́й эволюции фазовых искажений для оптической волны при её распространении в турбулентной атмосфере. При анализе эволюции фазовых искажений в оптической волне, обусловленных действием турбулентности, рассчитывается отношение дисперсий первой и второй производных для приращения фазовых искажений за определённый временной интервал. Величина этого отношения сравнивается с этой же величиной при моделировании временны́х искажений при применении гармонического сигнала. Оказалось, что при моделировании временно́й эволюции фазовых искажений с использованием гармонических сигналов необходимо учитывать не только первую производную этого приращения, но и как минимум вторую производную.
The question of the correctness of using a harmonic signal to simulate the operation of measuring phase systems, for example, adaptive optics systems that measure and correct turbulent distortions, is investigated. The time evolution of phase distortions for an optical wave as it propagates in a turbulent atmosphere is estimated. When analyzing the evolution of phase distortions in an optical wave caused by the action of turbulence, the ratio of the dispersions of the first and second derivatives is calculated for the increment of phase distortions over a certain time interval. The magnitude of this ratio is compared with the same value obtained in modeling temporary distortions when using a harmonic signal. When modeling the time evolution of phase distortions using harmonic signals, it is necessary to take into account not only the first derivative of this increment, but also, at a minimum, the second derivative.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-STAGE ALGORITHMS FOR LOCALIZATION OF RANDOM PULSED-POINT SOURCES
Authors: РЕЗНИК А.Л. , СОЛОВЬЕВ А.А. 
Published: August 2024

Проведено сопоставление по быстродействию различных многоэтапных процедур локализации сигнальных точечных источников, обнаруживающих себя генерацией в случайные моменты времени мгновенных импульсов. Результаты исследования подтвердили высокую эффективность универсальной процедуры многоэтапной локализации равномерно распределённого точечного источника в тех случаях, когда отсутствуют дополнительные априорные сведения о мощности и возможном расположении разыскиваемого объекта в пределах поискового интервала. Предложен и обоснован новый квазиоптимальный метод локализации, повышающий эффективность поиска при наличии априорных сведений о функции распределения и мощности разыскиваемого источника
A speed comparison is made of various multi-stage procedures for localization of pulsed-point sources that reveal themselves by generating instantaneous pulses at random times. The results of the study confirm the high efficiency of the universal procedure for multi-stage localization of a uniformly distributed point source in cases where no additional a priori information about the power and possible location of the searched object within the search interval is available. A new quasi-optimal localization method that increases the search efficiency in the presence of a priori information about the distribution function and power of the searched source is proposed and justified.
TEGNOLOGIA Y TRANSFORMACION DIGITAL DE LAS PYMES DEL CANTÒN QUEVEDO
Authors: Chu Zheng Kaven Alberto , Villareal Henry Patricio Caiza , Montes Lorena Lourdes Alcívar , Romero Tani Irlanda Fernández 
Published: August 2024

El avance constante de la producción a nivel de mercados de consumo se emplea con mayor frecuencia procesos tecnológicos donde la cultura digital desencadena reacciones positivas minimizando el gasto en función a la operatividad de costo de las PYMES, la investigación pretende determinar el efecto de la tecnología en la transformación competitiva de las medianas empresas que constituye en crecimiento económico del cantón Quevedo enfocado al análisis del sistema productivo en función al ahorro, hacer más con menos es una nueva ideología empresarial donde destaca el bajo índice de inversión con alto porcentaje de retorno dentro de un proceso de comercialización, la transformación digital impera como herramienta de innovación que genera desarrollo, competencia y ganancia en las PYMES. El articulo posee un método analítico, en revisión de los rendimientos económicos negativos donde se aplica el método descriptivo y exploratorio para describir los posibles fallos que ocurren el resultado de las medianas empresas, este trabajo contribuirá al uso adecuado de la tecnología mediante herramientas digitales que beneficie al emprendedor o microempresario.
Detection of bovine Herpesvirus type 5 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded bovine brain by PCR in Colombian cattle
Authors: Pedraza-Ordoñez Francisco Javier , Alessi Antonio C. , Barbosa Stancioli Edel F. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryFifteen cases of viral meningoencephalitis in Colombian cattle were tested by nested PCR analysis for the detection of bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5). All fatal cases had shown severe neurological signs and had occurred following natural outbreaks of the disease. The neurological infection was histologically characterized by mild to moderate inflammatory changes in the brain and cerebellum, including meningitis, mononuclear perivascular cuffing, gliosis, haemorrhage, and the presence of Gitter cells (macrophages) accompanying large areas of malacia. No intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in any of the cases. Results from BoHV-5 molecular extraction analyses showed there were five positive cases thus confirming the presence of the virus in Colombia.Key words: bovine herpesvirus, polioencephalomalacia, viral encephalitis. Detección de herpesvirus bovino 5 (BoHV-5) en cerebro incluido en parafina y fijado en formalina, por PCR anidada, en bovinos colombianosResumenQuince casos de meningoencefalitis viral en ganado Colombiano fueron analizados por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR anidada) para la detección del herpesvirus bovino 5 (BoHV-5). Todos los casos mostraron severos signos neurológicos antes de morir y ocurrieron como brotes naturales de la enfermedad. La infección neurológica fue caracterizada histológicamente por leves a moderados cambios inflamatorios en el cerebro y cerebelo, incluyendo meningitis, manguitos perivasculares, gliosis, hemorragia y la presencia de células Gitter (macrófagos) acompañando grandes áreas de malacia. No se encontraron cuerpos de inclusión intranucleares en ninguno de los casos. Los resultados del análisis de la extracción molecular de BoHV-5 revelaron la existencia de cinco casos positivos, lo cual confirma la presencia del virus en Colombia.Palabras clave: encefalitis viral, herpesvirus bovino, polioencefalomalacia. Detecção de herpesvírus bovino 5 (BoHV-5) em cérebro incluído em parafina e fixado em formalina, pela PCR, em bovinos colombianosResumoQuinze casos de meningoencefalite viral em gado bovino Colombiano foi analisado pela reação em cadeia da polimerasa (PCR) para a detecção do herpesvírus bovino 5 (BoHV-5). Todos os casos mostraram graves sinais neurológicos antes de morrer y aconteceram como surtos naturais da doença. A infecção neurológica foi caracterizada histologicamente por leves a moderados câmbios inflamatórios no cérebro e cerebelo, incluindo meningite, manguitos perivasculares, gliose, hemorragia e a presencia de células gitter (macrófagos) acompanhando grandes áreas de malacia. Não se encontraram corpos de inclusão intranucleares em nenhum dos casos. Os resultados da análise da extração molecular do BoHV-5 por PCR revelaram a existência de cinco casos positivos, os quais confirmam a presença do vírus na Colômbia.Palavras chave: encefalite viral, herpesvirus bovino, polioencefalomalacia.
Metabolismo energético en vacas durante la lactancia temprana y el efecto de la suplementación con grasa protegida
Authors: Duque Quintero Mónica , Olivera A. Martha , Rosero Noguera Ricardo 
Published: August 2024

SummaryMilk synthesis in the mammary gland depends on the influx of adequate amounts and proportions of nutrients. During early lactation cows have to coordinate their metabolism to cope with a huge demand for nutrients, particularly glucose production in the liver. Furthermore, an excessive mobilization of non sterified fatty acids (NSFAs) from the adipose tissue occurs during early lactation, representing a significant challenge to liver function. Understanding the complexity of energy metabolism during early lactation is critical for identifying parameters associated with dairy efficiency. Therefore, important research projects are being conducted, exploring the use of rumen protected fats to improve reproductive efficiency of the cow, milk yield, and also milk quality. Modifying the lipid profile of milk and dairy products, could contribute to healthier dietary alternatives for human consumption.Key words: energy balance, NEFAS, partition of energy. Resumen La síntesis de leche en la glándula mamaria depende de que reciba las proporciones y cantidades adecuadas de nutrientes. Las vacas en el inicio de la lactancia deben coordinar su metabolismo para hacer frente al enorme aumento en la demanda de nutrientes y particularmente de glucosa producida en el hígado, además de la excesiva movilización de ácidos grasos no esterificados NEFAS desde el tejido adiposo lo que presenta grandes desafíos para la función hepática. Por lo tanto, la comprensión del metabolismo energético en esta etapa es muy importante, ya que permite identificar puntos de partida para la modulación de estos procesos. Por ello, la investigación a nivel mundial está siendo orientada hacia uso de grasas protegidas en rumen con el fin de mejorar la producción, la reproducción y la calidad de la leche cambiando la composición de la grasa láctea para hacerla más saludable. Palabras clave: balance energético, NEFAS, partición de la energía. Resumo A síntese de leite na glândula mamária depende das quantidades adequadas de nutrientes recebidos. Vacas no início da amamentação devem coordenar seu metabolismo para lidar com o enorme aumento na demanda de nutrientes, especialmente glicose produzida no fígado, além da mobilização excessiva de ácidos graxos não-esterificados (NEFAS) a partir de tecido adiposo que apresenta maiores desafios para a função hepática. Portanto, o entendimento do metabolismo energético nesta fase é muito importante porque permite á identificação de pontos a modulação desses processos. Portanto, a nível mundial está-se orientando para a pesquisa, na utilização da gordura protegida no rúmen para melhorar a produção, reprodução e qualidade do leite, alterando a composição da gordura do leite para o tornar mais saudável. Palavras chave: balanço energético, NEFAS, partição de energia.
Didactic model of the chicken embryo development using modified Dawson’s diaphanization and staining technique
Authors: Tamayo Arango Lynda J , Suárez Avendaño Paula A , Cano Valderrama Ana I , Cuartas Martínez Brayian A , Yepes Ciro Sergio A , Mejía Giraldo Carlos A , Lenis Sanin Yasser Y 
Published: August 2024

Summary Background: didactic models are a very useful tool for pedagogy in Agrarian Science careers (i.e. Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science). Objective: the aim of this work was to create a didactic model of the chicken embryo development using modified Dawson's diaphanization and staining technique, which allows the centers of ossification to be viewed. Methods: chick embryos from day 5 to day 21 were diaphanized with KOH, stained with Alizarin Red, and stored in glycerol. Results: growth of primary ossification centers during embryonic development was easily visualized. Conclusion: to our knowledge, this is the first literature report showing an anatomical model of all embryonic stages of chicken development. Impact of this model in pedagogy must be evaluated in future works. Key words: anatomy, cartilage, embryology, organic system, pedagogy. Resumen Antecedentes: los modelos didácticos son una muy buena herramienta para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los cursos de Ciencias Agrarias (Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, entre otros). Objetivo: hacer un modelo didáctico del desarrollo embrionario del pollo usando la técnica modificada de Dawson para transparentación y tinción, que permite visualizar los centros de osificación. Métodos: embriones de pollo del día 5 al 21 fueron transparentados con KOH, teñidos con Rojo de Alizarina y almacenados en glicerina. Resultados: se pudo visualizar el crecimiento de los centros primarios de osificación durante el desarrollo embrionario. Conclusión: este es el primer reporte en literatura que muestra un modelo anatómico de todas las etapas del desarrollo embrionario del pollo. En futuras investigaciones se debe evaluar el impacto que tiene este modelo en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. Palabras clave: anatomía, cartílago, embriología, pedagogía, sistemas orgánicos. Resumo Antecedentes: os modelos didáticos sào uma boa ferramenta para o processo ensino-aprendizado nos cursos de Ciencias Agrárias (Medicina Veterinària, Zootecnia, entre outros). Objetivo: fazer um modelo didático do desenvolvimento do frango usando a técnica modificada de Dawson para diafanizacào e coloracào, que permite visualizar os centros de ossificacào. Métodos: Embrióes de frango do dia 5 ao 21 foram transparentados com KOH, corados com Vermelho de Alizarina e armazenados em glicerina. Resultados: foi possível visualizar o crescimento dos centros primários de ossificacào durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. Conclusao: este é o primeiro reporte na literatura de um modelo anatómico do desenvolvimento embrionário do frango. Futuras pesquisas devem ser focadas no impacto que tem este modelo no processo ensino-aprendizado. Palavras chave: anatomia, cartilagem, embriologia, pedagogia, sistemas orgánicos.
Biodiesel industry by-products used for ruminant feed
Authors: Oliveira Ronaldo L , Leão André G , Ribeiro Ossival L , Borja Máikal S , Pinheiro Alyson A , Oliveira Renata L , Santana Márcia C 
Published: August 2024

Summary Biodiesel industry by-products appear to be an excellent alternative source for ruminant feed and may contribute to increased agricultural activity in terms of productivity and profitability. Among the various by­products, oilseed cakes have great potential for use due to their high protein and lipid contents, which make them an energetic feed source that would fulfill the nutritional requirements of animals. Thus, studies that aim to determine the optimum levels of oilseed cake in ruminant feed are important for maximizing the potential use of these by-products. Key Words: cattle, goats, nutrition, oilseed cake, sheep. Resumen El uso de los subproductos de la industria de biodiesel para alimentar a los rumiantes parece ser una excelente alternativa, que puede contribuir al aumento de las actividades agrícolas en términos de productividad y rentabilidad. Entre los sub-productos, las tortas de semillas oleaginosas tienen un gran potencial debido a los importantes niveles de proteínas y lípidos que las caracterizan como alimentos proteicos o energéticos capaces de satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales de los animales. Así, los estudios que tienen como objetivo determinar los niveles óptimos de tortas de semillas oleaginosas en los piensos para rumiantes son importantes para maximizar el uso potencial de estos subproductos. Palabras clave: cabras, nutrición, ovejas, tortas de semillas oleaginosas, vacas. Resumo A utilizaçâo de coprodutos oriundos da produçâo do biodiesel na alimentaçâo de ruminantes surge como alternativa, que pode contribuir para o crescimento das atividades agropecuarias, em termos de produtividade e rentabilidade. Dentre os coprodutos, as tortas apresentam grande potencial, haja vista as consideráveis concentraçôes de proteína e extrato etéreo, que as caracterizam como alimentos protéicos e/ou energéticos, capazes de permitir o atendimiento das exigencias nutricionais destas fraçôes pelos animais. Desta forma, é importante a realizaçâo de estudos que determinem os níveis ótimos de aplicaçâo das diversas tortas oleaginosas, visando à busca de melhores resultados. Palavras chave: bovinos, caprinos, nutriçâo, ovinos, torta de oleaginosas.