bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multinational Corporations and Their Corporate Citizenships: Exploring Their Effects on Corporate Performance Under Different Legal Traditions
Authors: Camoletto Stefania , Montes‐Sancho María J. , Santini Erica 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we focus on the conceptualization of corporate citizenship and examine the effects of its tangible manifestation, in the form of corporate philanthropy, on company performance recognizing the importance of the institutional contexts where companies are embedded. Based on a sample of 752 multinational companies that have joined the UN Global Compact, we explore the derived benefits, using as a moderator the legal environment where companies operate. The results of the random‐effect regression analysis show the existence of a positive relationship between corporate citizenship and corporate market valuation over the study period (2016–2022). Findings on corporate citizenship are consistent with previous studies, and the role of the legal tradition emerges as a salient avenue for future investigation. Companies that highly leverage the philanthropic dimension of corporate citizenship and are primarily embedded in a common‐law tradition benefit more than those operating in a civil‐law system.
Childhood pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A national experience
Authors: Courtel Tiphaine , Orbach Daniel , Lacour Brigitte , Roumy Marianne , Hescot Ségolène , Desandes Emmanuel , Philippe‐Chomette Pascale , Sarnacki Sabine , Irtan Sabine , Dijoud Frédérique , Kubicek Pierre , Brisse Hervé , Fresneau Brice , Pire Aurore , Réguerre Yves , Mallebranche Coralie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) diagnosed in childhood are very rare, with few data available. The aim was to describe the clinical presentation and behavior of children with pNENs at a national level.MethodsNational multicenter retrospective study of all patients, aged from 0 to 17 years at diagnosis, treated from 2011 to 2020 for a pNEN and registered in the French National Registry of Childhood Cancers or FRACTURE database.ResultsFifteen patients, 13 well‐differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) and two neuroendocrine carcinomas (pNECs), were selected. Median age at diagnosis was 14 years (range, 7–17). Eight patients, all with localized disease, had a cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS), including five cases diagnosed during systematic screening. Five (31%) had metastatic disease at diagnosis: three grade 2 pNETs and two pNECs. First line therapy included exclusive pancreatectomy (seven cases, all M0), active surveillance (three cases, all M0), medical therapies (somatostatin analogues, chemotherapy; four cases, all M1), and surgery with medical therapy (one M1 case). Three‐year progression‐free survival was 57% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 27–78) and was significantly better for patients with low‐grade well differentiated (73 vs. 0%; p < 10−4) and localized (76 vs. 20%; p = .02) tumors. The two patients with pNECs died. Three‐year overall survival was 92% (CI95%: 59–99) and was significantly better in patients with low‐grade tumor (100 vs. 50%; p = 10−4).ConclusionChildhood pNENs occur more frequently in adolescents with CPS. Localized low‐grade pNETs in children have a very good prognosis, whereas the treatment of high‐grade and metastatic pNETs/pNECs should be better defined.
Epsilon‐negative materials with lower percolation threshold derived from segregated structures
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Yang Pengtao , Wang Zongxiang , He Qifa , Sun Kai , Fan Runhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEpsilon‐negative materials (ENM) at radio frequency, usually designed based on percolation theory, recently drew much attention because of their potential applications in capacitors, transistors, and antennas. However, randomly distributed conductive functional materials cannot achieve directional long‐range electron transportation within the material, resulting in decreased utilization efficiency. The morphology design of the substrate material can change the distribution state and electron transfer pathway of conductive fillers. By controlling the size of the polystyrene (PS) and the content of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), PS/MWCNTs composites with random structures and segregated structures were designed, both of which exhibited negative permittivity with increasing MWCNTs content. Further investigation revealed that negative permittivity behavior is due to the establishment of the conductive network and the plasma oscillation of free electrons. Moreover, components with segregated structures have lower percolation thresholds, as directional electron transport is achieved and conductive fillers are efficiently utilized. This work provides a new method for guiding the electron transport pathway and effectively changing the distribution state of conductive fillers in ENM.Highlights
Negative permittivity is achieved by plasma oscillation at radio frequency.
The segregated structure leads to a decrease in the percolation threshold.
Epsilon‐negative materials have good prospects in inductive components.
Growth parameters and food frequently consumed by Basotho children aged 6–24 months old at Maseru and Leribe districts of Lesotho: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Nyofane Mothusi , Rapotsane Malebusa , Moshao Mohlotsane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUndernutrition in children remains a public health concern. Despite the global efforts to address undernutrition, Lesotho continues to bear the highest burden of childhood undernutrition. The study assessed the anthropometric measurements and dietary intake of children aged 6–24 months. A descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among 113 mother–child dyads attending clinic visits at Makoanyane Military Hospital (Maseru district); n = 50 and Motebang Hospital (Leribe district); n = 63. A structured sociodemographic and feeding practices questionnaires based on adapted World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaires were used. The usual food consumption was collected using an unquantified food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and z scores computation were done as per WHO standard guidelines. Statistics included percentages for categorical variables and means for continuous variables. The percentage of continued breastfeeding was 54.0% in Maseru and 28.6% in Leribe districts. Complementary feeds were introduced at the mean age of 5.3 ± 1.0 (Maseru) and 5.2 ± 1.3 months (Leribe). In Leribe, 84.1% of children were consuming maize porridge every day while in Maseru, 68.0% of children were consuming commercial baby cereal every day. The prevalence of wasting was 10.0% (Maseru) and 20.6% with 14.3% of severe wasting (Leribe). A higher percentage of stunting was observed in Leribe (36.5%) than in Maseru (20.0%) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of moderate and severe stunting was 8.0% and 12.0% in Maseru and 20.6% and 15.9% in Leribe, respectively. The prevalence of stunting is alarmingly high in Leribe. The findings suggest an urgent need to strengthen maternal and child health and nutrition programs to ameliorate feeding practices and nutritional status.
Collagen composite fibers with various functionalized carbon nanotubes fabricated via microfluidic spinning
Authors: Ding Changkun , Wang Hua , Zhang Yu , Zeng Xu , Qin Xiwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCollagen (Col) composite fibers containing various functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared via microfluidic spinning, and the influences of MWNT content and type on the performances of the composite fibers were investigated by transmission electron microscope, UV–vis, SEM, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and tensile testing. The Col composite fibers showed tightly packed bundle structures on surfaces originated from the high shear rates in the microfluidic channels, and MWNT facilitates the self‐assembly of Col molecules, leading to the ordered arrangement of Col fibrils along the fiber axis. When the loading of carboxylated MWNT (cMWNT) was 0.5 wt%, the tensile strength of Col/cMWNT achieved the maximum of 1.94 cN/dtex owing to the excellent hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl groups in cMWNT and amino groups in Col molecules, which is significantly higher than those composite fibers made from unfunctionalized and hydroxylated MWNT. Moreover, with the incorporation of MWNT the thermal stability and water resistance of Col fibers were improved due to the enhanced interfacial interactions between Col and MWNT. The fabrication method in this work enables the controlled formation of Col fibers and demonstrates huge potential for use in Col‐based biomaterials.Highlights
Novel collagen (Col)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite fibers were prepared via microfluidic spinning.
The Col composite fibers showed tightly packed bundle surface structures.
Col/carboxylated MWNT achieved the maximum tensile strength of 1.94 cN/dtex.
MWNT enhanced thermal stability and water resistance of Col fibers.
Fabrication and characterization of deuteration‐rich polymer microsphere for high‐yield neutron source
Authors: Liu Meifang , Chen Qiang , Liu Yiyang , Li Jie , Yang Xiaoyu , Du Jie , Tan Xinxin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA new type of deuterated polymer microspheres with a much higher deuterium/carbon (D/C) atom ratio was designed and fabricated to produce high‐yield thermonuclear neutrons. Supramolecular deuterated polycyclooctene (D‐PCOE) with ~1.7 D/C atom ratio was synthesized, which well meets the requirements including higher D/C atom ratio, good solubility for processability, and excellent mechanical properties. Monodispersed D‐PCOE microspheres including shells and beads are fabricated by a microfluidic technique. The properties of the D‐PCOE materials and corresponding microspheres are analyzed and compared with those of the deuterated polystyrene microspheres (~1 D/C atom ratio), which have been widely used in laser‐driven spherically convergent plasma fusion experiments. This work expands the category of deuterated polymeric materials and provides a new type of deuterated polymer microspheres in the forthcoming high‐yield neutron experiments.Highlights
Supramolecular D‐PCOE with ~1.7 D/C atom ratio was successfully synthesized.
Monodispersed D‐PCOE microspheres were successfully fabricated.
The quality of D‐PCOE microspheres is also investigated.
Teleassessment using five times sit‐to‐stand test in older adults with and without Parkinson's disease: Guidelines and barriers
Authors: Figueiredo Caroline Santos , Pinto Camila , Bevilacqua Isabela Possebon , Cortez Ivan Lima , Pereira Francisca , do Pinho Alexandre Severo , Pagnussat Aline Souza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeAssessing lower limb strength, balance, and fall risk are crucial components of rehabilitation, especially for the older adult population. With the growing interest in telehealth, teleassessment has been investigated as an alternative when in‐person assessments are not possible. The Five Times Sit‐to‐Stand test (5TSTS) provides a quick measure of balance during chair transfers, muscle power, endurance, and the hability to change and maintain body position, and is highly recommended by guidelines. However, the literature is unclear about the viability and safety of teleassessment using the 5TSTS in older adults with and without Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of teleassessment using the 5TSTS and to determine its feasibility and safety for older adults with and without PD.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included older adults with and without PD who were evaluated remotely through a videoconference platform. To ensure effective and comprehensive instructions for the test, we developed a guideline called OMPEPE (an acronym for: Objective; Materials; Position‐Start; Execution; Position‐End; Environment). We assessed the 5TSTS intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability by comparing scores obtained from the same examiner and from different examiners, respectively. Participants and examiners completed online surveys to provide information about feasibility and safety.ResultsTwelve older adults with PD and 17 older adults without PD were included in this study (mean ages 69.0 and 67.6 years, respectively). Based on the participants' perspectives and the absence of adverse effects, teleassessment using the 5TSTS is feasible and safe for older adults with and without PD. Excellent intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.90) was found for all measurements of the 5TSTS.DiscussionThis study demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and reliability of teleassessment using the 5TSTS. The guidelines developed may help health professionals minimize barriers and safely conduct an online assessment that includes a physical test such as the 5TSTS in older adults with or without PD. In addition to addressing technological barriers, the OMPEPE guideline might ensure the optimal execution of evaluations.ConclusionTeleassessment using the 5TSTS for older adults with and without PD is feasible and safe. Both synchronous (i.e., live) and asynchronous (i.e., recorded) online 5TSTS tests demonstrate excellent intra‐ and inter‐rate reliability.
Donor Defect Induced Ferromagnetism in Nb‐Doped ZnO Thin Films Grown by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Sukumaran Arya , Gopalakrishnan Nammalvar 
Published: August 2024

The effect of Nb doping concentration (0, 1, 2, and 4 at. %) on donor defect‐induced ferromagnetism in ZnO thin films is investigated. The films are deposited on Si(111) substrates utilizing the radio frequency magnetron sputtering. X‐ray diffraction pattern unveils that the films show a pronounced orientation along the (002) direction. The relative intensities of defect‐related bands with that of the ultraviolet band from photoluminescence (PL) spectra show that 2 at. % Nb doping results in a greater number of donor defects (Zni+ and VO+) in the ZnO lattice. The parameters extracted from the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra follow a similar trend. The results from vibrating sample magnetometer measurement indicate that pure ZnO displays diamagnetic nature, whereas Nb‐doped ZnO exhibits a ferromagnetic nature. The saturation magnetization value is found highest for 2 at. % Nb doping, which correlates with the presence of a greater number of donor defects, as supported by the PL and electron paramagnetic resonance results. Images obtained from atomic force microscopy show that the surface roughness of the ZnO thin film reduces upon Nb doping. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy validates that Nb is doped in 2 at. % Nb‐doped ZnO thin film with Nb oxidation state of +5.
New CUSUM and EWMA charts with simple post signal diagnostics for two‐parameter exponential distribution
Authors: Munir Waqas , Haq Abdul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe two‐parameter exponential distribution (TPED) is often used to model time‐between‐events data. In this paper, we propose CUmulative SUM and exponentially weighted moving average charts for simultaneously monitoring the parameters (location and scale) of the TPED. A key feature of the proposed charts is their straightforward post‐signal diagnostics. Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the zero‐state and steady‐state average run‐length (ARL) profiles of the proposed charts. The ARL performances of existing and proposed charts are assessed in terms of expected weighted run‐length and relative mean index. It is found that the proposed charts outperform the existing charts. A real dataset is used to illustrate the implementation of the proposed charts.
Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes Heterostructure Promotes Dual Coupling of Conversion and Alloying/Dealloying Reactions to Achieve Durable Potassium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Iqbal Sikandar , Wang Lu , Kong Zhen , Zhai Yanjun , Sun Xiuping , Wang Fengbo , Jing Zhongxin , He Xiyu , Mamoor Muhammad , Xu Liqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConversion and alloying‐type transitional metal sulfides have attracted significant interests as anodes for Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) and Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high theoretical capacities and low cost. However, the poor conductivity, structural pulverization, and high‐volume expansions greatly limit the performance. Herein, Co1‐xS/ZnS hollow nanocube‐like heterostructure decorated on reduced graphene oxide (Co1‐xS/ZnS@rGO) composite is fabricated through convenient hydrothermal and post‐heat vulcanization techniques. This unique composite can provide a more stable conductive network and shorten the diffusion length of ions, which exhibits a remarkable initial charge capacity of 638.5 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 for SIBs and 606 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 for PIBs, respectively; It is worth noting that the composite presents remarkable long stable cycle performance in PIBs, which initially delivered 274 mA h g−1 and sustained the charge capacity up to 245 mA h g−1 at high current density of 1 A g−1 after 2000 cycles. A series of in situ/ex situ detections and first principle calculations further validate the high potassium ions adsorption ability of Co1‐xS/ZnS anode materials with high diffusion kinetics. This work will accelerate the fundamental construction of bimetallic sulfide hollow nanocubes heterostructure electrodes for energy storage applications.
Decorrelated nearest shrunken centroids for tensor data
Authors: Ren Shaokang , Yang Munwon , Mai Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe nearest shrunken centroids (NSC) method is an efficient and accurate classifier. However, it is incapable of modelling correlation among predictors. Moreover, many contemporary datasets have tensor predictors that cannot be directly handled by NSC. We tackle these challenges by proposing a new distance‐based classifier, tensor decorrelated NSC (TDNSC). TDNSC leverages the popular separable covariance structure on tensor data to decorrelate data and allow easy application of NSC afterwards. Unlike existing tensor classifiers that often rely on complicated iterative algorithms, TDNSC has analytical solutions. The theoretical properties and empirical results suggest that TDNSC is a promising method for tensor classification.
Advancement in Synthetic Strategies of Phosphorus Heterocycles: Recent Progress from Synthesis to Emerging Class of Optoelectronic Materials
Authors: Thakur Deepika , Sushmita  , Meena Shivam A. , Verma Akhilesh K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganophosphorus heterocycles have long been acknowledged for their significant potential across diverse fields, including catalysis, material science, and drug development. Incorporating phosphorus functionalities into organic compounds offers a means to effectively tailor their medicinal properties, augment biological responses, and enhance selectivity and bioavailability. The distinctive physical and photoelectric characteristics of phosphorus‐containing conjugated compounds have garnered considerable interest as promising materials for organic optoelectronics. These compounds find extensive utility in various applications such as light‐emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, phosphole‐based fluorophores, and semiconductors.
Rising with the Tides of Change Through Community Based Literacies
Authors: Arya Diana J. , González Estefanía Pihen , Christman Devon M. , Ozgen Dogukan , Cano John , Muller Alexandria , Shackley Matthew J. , Meier Valerie , Mottus Rae 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCommunity Based Literacies (CBL) connects faculty, undergraduates, and graduate students from the University of California, Santa Barbara, with school-age children from the central coast of California. This chapter presents an account of how our intergenerational university-community team pulled together during intersecting challenges of COVID, sociopolitical upheaval, and extreme environmental conditions to connect with and engage in meaningful experiences with our local community of youth and families. Our efforts involved major shifts from in-person to virtual explorations and collaborative projects (e.g., an anthology coauthored by youth) with an even greater emphasis on social activism and celebrating the experiential knowledge of youth that is often overlooked. Hence, this chapter offers readers a ‘spotlight tour’ of CBL programming during a tumultuous period. We share parallel tales of perseverance and transformation of three key CBL programs—LEAFY (Literacies for Environmental Awareness and Farming for Youth), Curie-osity Project, and CBL in the Schools (a partnership with Santa Barbara Unified School District) to show what possibilities abound when we give young students access to knowledge about key societal issues and a platform by which they can contribute to the transformations needed for a socially just and equitable society.
Forming Authentic Civic Partnerships While Creating Joyful, Equitable Cities
Authors: Buss Shirl , McKoy Deborah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBerkeley Y-PLAN (Youth-Plan, Learn, Act, Now!) connects faculty, undergraduate and graduate mentors at the University of California, Berkeley, with young people in public schools. Together they tackle challenges posed by city leaders in their communities. Using the Y-PLAN educational strategy, children and youth engage in city planning and design projects focused on four areas of the civic domain: transportation, housing, public space, and schools/services. In the process, young people use their personal experiences and fresh insights to improve their neighborhoods and cities, while civic leaders are challenged to integrate those perspectives into civic policies and practices. This chapter shines a spotlight on elementary school children who respond eagerly when adults ask them to engage in the challenges of climate change and sea-level rise. Using the Y-PLAN five-step methodology, the students learn about and use professional tools to grapple with tough issues. They then study innovative best practices, and generate recommendations for how to respond to those challenges. With the support and scaffolding of adults and university mentors this case study shows that elementary age students are capable of being powerful agents of design and policy change, moving their community affirmatively toward justice and joy for everyone.
Software Mention Recognition with a Three-Stage Framework Based on BERTology Models at SOMD 2024
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nguyen Viet Anh , Dang Van Thin , Luu-Thuy Nguyen Ngan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper describes our systems for the sub-task I in the Software Mention Detection in Scholarly Publications shared-task. We propose three approaches leveraging different pre-trained language models (BERT, SciBERT, and XLM-R) to tackle this challenge. Our best-performing system addresses the named entity recognition (NER) problem through a three-stage framework. (1) Entity Sentence Classification - classifies sentences containing potential software mentions; (2) Entity Extraction - detects mentions within classified sentences; (3) Entity Type Classification - categorizes detected mentions into specific software types. Experiments on the official dataset demonstrate that our three-stage framework achieves competitive performance, surpassing both other participating teams and our alternative approaches. As a result, our framework based on the XLM-R-based model achieves a weighted F1-score of 67.80%, delivering our team the 3rd rank in Sub-task I for the Software Mention Recognition task. We release our source code at this repository (https://github.com/thuynguyen2003/NER-Three-Stage-Framework-for-Software-Mention-Recognition).