bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1β (HNF‐1β) promotes glucose uptake and glycolytic activity in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Okamoto Takako , Mandai Masaki , Matsumura Noriomi , Yamaguchi Ken , Kondoh Eiji , Amano Yasuaki , Baba Tsukasa , Hamanishi Junzo , Abiko Kaoru , Kosaka Kenzo , Murphy Susan K. , Mori Seiichi , Konishi Ikuo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractOvarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a morphologically and biologically distinct subtype of ovarian carcinomas that often arises in ovarian endometriosis. We previously reported that a unique carcinogenic environment, especially iron‐induced oxidative stress in endometriotic cysts may promote development of OCCC. We also identified a gene expression profile characteristic of OCCC (the “OCCC signature”). This 320‐gene OCCC signature is enriched in genes associated with stress response and sugar metabolism. However, the biological implication of this profile is unclear. In this study, we have focused on the biological role of the HNF‐1β gene within the OCCC signature, which was previously shown to be overexpressed in OCCC. Suppression of HNF‐1β in the HNF‐1β‐overexpressing human ovarian cancer cell line RMG2 using short hairpin RNA resulted in a significant increase in proliferation. It also facilitated glucose uptake, glycolytic activity, and lactate secretion along with increased expression of the glucose transporter‐1 (GLUT‐1) gene and several key enzymes in the glycolytic process. Conversely, forced expression of HNF‐1β in the serous ovarian cancer cell line, Hey, resulted in slowed cellular growth and repressed glycolytic activity. These data suggest that HNF‐1β represses cell growth, and at the same time, it promotes aerobic glycolysis which is known as the “Warburg effect.” As the Warburg effect is regarded as a characteristic metabolic process in cancer which may contribute to cell survival under hypoxic conditions or in a stressful environment, overexpression of HNF‐1β may play an inevitable role in the occurrence of OCCC in stressful environment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Probiotics determine hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in hyperlipidemic hamsters
Authors: Stancu Camelia Sorina , Sanda Gabriela Maria , Deleanu Mariana , Sima Anca Volumnia 
Published: October 2013

ScopeHyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and the oxidative stress are among the known risk factors of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to assess the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of a probiotic mix (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis) in hyperlipidemic hamsters (HL).Methods and resultsMale Golden Syrian hamsters developed hyperlipidemia after 21 weeks of fat diet. For the last 5 weeks of experiment, ten HL were treated with the probiotic mix (HLP), ten received water (HL). Ten animals received standard chow (N). Increase of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), oxidized LDL, glucose, of 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE) in plasma, liver, and myocardium, and of intestinal Niemann Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) and microsomal TG transfer protein (MTTP) expression was observed in HL versus N. The probiotic mix decreased plasma TC, TG, PL, oxidized LDL, 4‐HNE, and glucose levels and increased paraoxonase‐1 activity, decreased NPC1L1 and MTTP protein expression compared to HL. In HLP liver, a significant reduction of TC, TG, and fatty acids was observed. PL increased and 4‐HNE levels decreased in the liver and myocardium of HLP versus HL.ConclusionOur data support the administration of probiotics to humans because of their hypolipidemic (through decreasing intestinal NPC1L1 and MTTP) and antioxidant effects (stimulating HDL‐associated paraoxonase‐1).
Nanocomposites Prepared by Reactive Extrusion: Effect of the Polymer Reactive Groups
Authors: Oliveira Manuel , Machado Ana Vera 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe interest in the development of polymer nanocomposites by reactive extrusion has been growing in the past years. This work aims to investigate the effect of the polymer reactive groups on chemical reaction extension and consequently, on the morphology of the nanocomposites. For that, two polymers, polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), are used as organic phases and aluminum isopropoxide (Al(Pr‐i‐O)3) as metal. Nanocomposites are prepared in the melt using sol–gel process. The reaction extension is assessed by FT‐IR, rheological measurements, and crosslinking density determination. The dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles is analyzed by SEM and TEM, and EDS is used to identify the presence of metal nanoparticles. Even though, both reactions are successfully accomplished in the melt, the reaction with EVA presents lower reaction activation energy (Ea) and the prepared nanocomposite has a more crosslinked structure. Moreover, a finer morphology with well‐dispersed nanoparticles containing aluminum is achieved with EVA.
Adaptive fault tolerant control design for Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems with interval time‐varying delay
Authors: Gassara H. , El Hajjaji A. , Chaabane M. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThis paper deals with the problem of fault‐tolerant control (FTC) of continuous‐time Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems with interval time‐varying delay by using adaptive observer. Through constructing an appropriate type of Lyapunov function, a delay‐dependent criterion is established to reduce the conservatism of designing an active FTC (AFTC). In comparison with the existing techniques in the literature, the proposed approach simplifies the design of an AFTC and gives in only one step of the estimate of state vector, the estimate of actuator fault and the controller gains. Some simulation examples are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing biomarkers to predict benefit from HGF/MET pathway inhibitors
Authors: Koeppen Hartmut , Rost Sandra , Yauch Robert L 
Published: October 2013

AbstractActivation of the MET signalling pathway is critical in regulating multiple cellular processes underlying tumourigenic growth and has represented an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Early stage clinical studies of multiple agents targeting this pathway have been undertaken, frequently in unselected patient cohorts with variable results. Promising data in patient subgroups in these studies indicate the need for predictive biomarkers to identify the patients most likely to benefit from these therapies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of mechanisms of MET activation, the status of the clinical evaluation of MET‐targeted therapies, the associated efforts to identify and validate biomarkers, and the considerations and challenges for potential development of companion diagnostics. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of Unconfined Detonable Fuel Aerosols of Different Height to Diameter Ratios
Authors: Apparao Allam , Rao Chillarige Raghavendra 
Published: October 2013

AbstractUnconfined fuel aerosols known as fuel air explosives (FAE) are detonable in nature over a wide range of fuel concentrations in air. The fuel aerosols are formed by dispersing the fuel in air by explosive means and detonated using a suitable initiator charge leading to the generation of a high impulse blast. For weapon applications, the designers aim for higher lethal area for damaging soft targets. Theoretical estimations have shown that aerosols of lower height to diameter ratio (H/D) produce higher blast pressures at longer distances, thereby enhancing lethal area. However, there is no experimental data available in the open literature to validate the theoretical findings. In this study two approaches were followed to generate detonable aerosols of different H/D, viz.; use of different burster charge loadings for a given fuel container known as canister and fuel quantity and use of different size canisters for the same fuel quantity and burster charge loading. The aerosols formed by a given size of canister and 4.2 kg propylene oxide with different burster charge loadings having similar H/D values and blast performance. In the second approach, a canister with lower H/D containing 18.5 kg propylene oxide generated aerosols of lower H/D and higher blast performance at longer distances as compared to that of a canister with higher H/D with the same fuel quantity. The better canister fragmentation and fuel dispersion observed for the canister of lower H/D has been attributed to the better utilization of burster charge energy as evident from theoretical estimation of the time period for completion of the burster charge detonation and shock wave travel to canister wall. The experimentally observed initial velocity of fuel dispersion was found to be in well agreement with the theoretically estimated values. The results indicate tailorability of blast performance for a given quantity of fuel by choosing the canister H/D.
Conservation analysis of class‐specific positions in cytochrome P450 monooxygenases: Functional and structural relevance
Authors: Gricman Łukasz , Vogel Constantin , Pleiss Jürgen 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTCytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) constitute a ubiquitous, highly divergent protein family. Nevertheless, all CYPs share a common fold and conserved catalytic machinery. Based on the electron donor system, 10 classes of CYPs have been described, but most CYPs are members of class I accepting electrons from ferredoxin which is being reduced by FAD‐containing reductase, or class II accepting electrons from FAD‐ and FMN‐containing CPR‐type reductase. Because of the low sequence conservation inside the two classes, the conserved class‐specific positions are expected to be involved in aspects of electron transfer that are specific to the two types of reductases. In this work we present results from a conservation analysis of 16,732 CYP sequences derived from an updated version of the Cytochrome P450 Engineering Database (CYPED), using two class‐specific numbering schemes. While no position was conserved on the distal, substrate‐binding surface of the CYPs, several class‐specific residues were found on the proximal, reductase‐interacting surface; two class I‐specific residues that were negatively charged, and three class II‐specific residues that were aromatic or charged. The class‐specific conservation of glycine and proline residues in the cysteine pocket indicates that there are class‐specific differences in the flexibility of this element. Four heme‐interacting arginines were conserved differently in each class, and a class‐specific substitution of a heme‐interacting tyrosine by histidine was found, pointing to a link between heme stabilization and the reductase type. Proteins 2014; 82:491–504. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trust‐based routing method using a mobility‐based clustering approach in mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: RahimiZadeh Keyvan , Kabiri Peyman 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTQuality of service (QoS) provisioning in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is one of the fundamental concerns in this area. Autonomous mobility of nodes is one of the main factors affecting the network QoS. A lack of fixed infrastructure and central control on the nodes complicate guaranteeing the QoS in MANETs. Security is a major factor affecting the QoS in such networks. This paper proposes a new routing method based on trust among the nodes and applies a clustering approach to MANETs. This routing scheme can calculate the trustworthiness of the route and the shortest routes to the destination by avoiding identified malicious nodes. The effects of node mobility and number of malicious nodes on routing performances are investigated in the reported research. Simulation is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with a categorized trust method, Ad hoc On‐demand Distance Vector, trust vector‐based Ad hoc On‐demand Distance Vector, and trust vector‐based dynamic source routing in terms of end‐to‐end delay, network throughput, and packet delivery ratio at the expense of a moderate increase in the routing overhead. The proposed trust‐based routing method finds the trustworthy route by applying end‐to‐end trust calculation and finds the optimal route by performing clustering scheme from the source node to the destination node. In the extended proposed routing method, adding a nonce‐based encryption scheme results in improved packet delivery ratio, network throughput, and malicious node detection rate. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uplift and denudation history of the eastern Dead Sea rift flank, SW Jordan: Evidence from apatite fission track thermochronometry
Authors: Feinstein S. , Eyal M. , Kohn B. P. , Steckler M. S. , Ibrahim K. M. , Moh'd B. K. , Tian Y. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Dead Sea rift (DSR), developed along the Dead Sea transform plate boundary, is characterized by salient flanks and morphotectonic asymmetry. Apatite fission track thermochronology (AFT) along ~1200 m high vertical profiles in Neoproterozoic basement and overlying Cambrian sandstone in southwestern Jordan is used to reconstruct timing, magnitude, and rate of uplift and denudation of the eastern DSR flank and examine its relationship to rift development and its flank landscape. Time‐temperature models based on AFT data suggest three major Phanerozoic heating and cooling episodes, Late Paleozoic, Early Cretaceous, and Oligocene. The latest episode, on which this study focuses, indicates uplift of ~3.8±0.3 km under a moderate paleogeothermal gradient. About 40% of the uplift was tectonically driven with the remainder attributed to isostatic rebound in response to denudation and erosion. Models suggest that uplift commenced in the Oligocene with a considerable part occurring prior to development of the DSR, despite being ~200 km from the Red Sea‐Gulf of Suez rift margin. Uplift is probably part of a regional rearrangement along the western Arabian platform margin occurring at the time of Red Sea rift initiation. Transition from primarily sedimentary layer stripping, most likely by scarp retreat, to one of dominantly incision of the underlying crystalline basement occurred in Late Miocene‐Pliocene time following enhanced subsidence and development of a low base level in the DSR. Consequently, the magnitude of uplift by isostatic rebound due to incision exceeded lowering by surface truncation and increased summit elevation and riftward flexing of the flank.
Tracking the Australian plate motion through the Cenozoic: Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar geochronology
Authors: Cohen Benjamin E. , Knesel Kurt M. , Vasconcelos Paulo M. , Schellart Wouter P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHere we use geochronology of Australian intraplate volcanoes to construct a high‐resolution plate‐velocity record and to explore how tectonic events in the southwest Pacific may have influenced plate motion. Nine samples from five volcanoes yield ages from 33.6 ± 0.5 to 27.3 ± 0.4 Ma and, when combined with published ages from 30 to 16 Ma, show that the rate of volcanic migration was not constant. Instead, the results indicate distinct changes in Australian plate motion. Fast northward velocities (61 ± 8 and 57 ± 4 km/Ma) prevailed from 34 to 30 (±0.5) and from 23 to 16 (±0.5) Ma, respectively, with distinct reductions to 20 ± 10 and 22 ± 5 km/Ma from 30 to 29 (±0.5) Ma and from 26 to 23 (±0.5) Ma. These velocity reductions are concurrent with tectonic collisions in New Guinea and Ontong Java, respectively. Interspersed between the periods of sluggish motion is a brief 29–26 (±0.5) Ma burst of atypically fast northward plate movement of 100 ± 20 km/Ma. We evaluate potential mechanisms for this atypically fast velocity, including catastrophic slab penetration into the lower mantle, thermomechanical erosion of the lithosphere, and plume‐push forces; none are appropriate. This period of fast motion was, however, coincident with a major southward propagating slab tear that developed along the northeastern plate margin, following partial jamming of subduction and ophiolite obduction in New Caledonia. Although it is unclear whether such an event can play a role in driving fast plate motion, numerical or analogue models may help address this question.
Evidence for constriction and Pliocene acceleration of east‐west extension in the North Lunggar rift region of west central Tibet
Authors: Sundell Kurt E. , Taylor Michael H. , Styron Richard H. , Stockli Daniel F. , Kapp Paul , Hager Christian , Liu Deliang , Ding Lin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe active north trending North Lunggar rift in west central southern Tibet exposes an extensional metamorphic core complex bounded by an east dipping low‐angle normal fault. Apatite and zircon (U‐Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modeling of the North Lunggar rift document a minimum timing for rift inception at >10 Ma and rapid footwall exhumation between 5 and 2 Ma. Miocene footwall cooling and exhumation rates were initially slow to moderate at <50°C Ma−1 and <1 mm a−1, followed by increased Pliocene rates as high as >400°C Ma−1 and 4–10 mm a−1. Footwall isotherms were significantly compressed during rapid exhumation resulting in an elevated transient geothermal gradient between 50 and 90°C km−1. The minimum magnitude of horizontal extension for the North Lunggar rift is 8.1–12.8 km; maximum is 15–20 km, less in the south at ~10 km. Mean Pliocene extension rate is 1.2–2.4 mm a−1 in the ~120° direction. Results for the North Lunggar rift are similar in magnitude, rate, and orientation of slip to the kinematically linked Lamu Co dextral strike‐slip fault to the north. This suggests a state of constrictional strain during Pliocene time along this stretch of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture from which the Lamu Co fault emanates. The onset of extension in this region may be explained by crustal thickening and gravitational orogenic collapse, followed by accelerated rifting resulting from localized crustal stretching and increased magmatic activity, potentially driven by the position and northward extent of underthrusting Indian lithosphere.
Research on influencing factors of corrosive sulfur attacking copper in insulating oil and prevention
Authors: Qian Yihua , Su Wei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe influencing factors (temperature, electric field, and oxygen) of sulfur attack in transformer oil are studied through comparative tests on new oil, oil in service, and these two oils with the deactivator additive BTA (benzotriazole, C6H4N3H). The influence of these factors on the chemical reaction between copper and corrosive sulfur is analyzed in further. The results show that temperature, electric field, and oxygen can promote the reaction between copper and corrosive sulfur. Moreover, oxygen also accelerates the aging of the insulating oil. On the contrary, recharging nitrogen can remove oxygen and reduce sulfur's corrosive activity. Adding the BTA deactivator can also prevent corrosion, even during the accelerated aging of oil with oxygen. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nigerian bonny‐light crude oil induces alteration in testicular stress response proteins and caspase‐3 dependent apoptosis in albino wistar rats
Authors: Ebokaiwe Azubuike P. , D'Cruz Shereen Cynthia , Jubendradass R. , Amala Rani Judith S. , Mathur Premendu P. , Farombi Ebenezer O. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIn the past few decades, there has been much concern about the adverse health effects of environmental contaminants in general and Crude Oil in particular around the Niger Delta region of Nigeria where all the crude Oil exploration is taking place. Studies have shown the repro‐toxic effects of Bonny‐light crude oil (BLCO). However, the insight into the mechanisms of gonadal toxicity induced by BLCO is not well known. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanism(s) underpinning the gonadal effects within hours of exposure to BLCO. Experimental rats were divided into five groups of four each. Animals were orally administered with a single dose of BLCO (800 mg/kg body weight) and killed at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 72 h post‐treatment. The levels and time‐course of induction of stress response proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins like cytochorome C, caspase 3 and procaspase 9, Fas–FasL, NF‐kB and TNF‐α were determined to assess sequential induction of apoptosis in the rat testis. DNA damage was assessed by TUNEL assay. Administration of BLCO resulted in a significant increase in the levels of stress response proteins and apoptotis‐ related proteins as early as 6 h following exposure. Time‐dependent elevations in the levels of the proteins were observed. The DNA damage was measured and showed time‐dependent increase in the TUNEL positive cells of testicular cells. The study demonstrates induction of testicular apoptosis in adult rats following exposure to a single dose of BLCO. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 242–252, 2015.
Practical cross‐layer routing and channel assignment in cognitive radio ad hoc networks
Authors: Yao Fuqiang , Zhang Jianzhao , Zhao Hangsheng , Liu Yongxiang 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn the heterogeneous and unreliable channel environment of cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs), a multipath route with channel assigned is preferable in both throughput and reliability. The cross‐layer multipath routing and channel assignment in CRAHNs is becoming a challenging issue. In this paper, this problem is characterized, formulated, and shown to be in the form of mixed integer programming. For this Non‐deterministic Polynomial‐time (NP)‐hard problem, the deficiency of the widely used linearization and sequential fixing algorithm is first analyzed. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a new backtracking algorithm with feasibility checking to search optimal solutions and a heuristic algorithm with high feasible solution‐obtained probability (HHFOP) for distributed application in CRAHNs. Through feasibility checking and solution bounds validating, backtracking algorithm with feasibility checking cuts off unnecessary searching space in early stage without loss of optimal solutions, making it much more efficient than brute searching. For practical application in CRAHNs with polynomial complexity, HHFOP first computes the maximal‐supported throughput through link‐channel assignment and link‐capacity coordination for each candidate path. Then the paths are combined, and the route throughput is optimized. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that HHFOP can achieve a high feasible solution‐obtained probability with little throughput degradation compared with linearization and sequential fixing algorithm, indicating its practicability for distributed applications in CRAHNs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.