bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic associations between temperament and performance traits in Nellore beef cattle
Authors: Sant'Anna A.C. , Baldi F. , Valente T.S. , Albuquerque L.G. , Menezes L.M. , Boligon A.A. , Paranhos da Costa M.J.R. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryThe aim of this study was to estimate genetic associations between temperament and performance traits. Temperament was evaluated in yearling male and female Nellore cattle, using four traits: temperament score (TS), for assessing animals’ reactions in a corral pen (n = 25 691); movement score (MOV), for animals’ movements recorded inside the crush; crush score (CS), for animal's general reactivity inside the crush; and flight speed (FS), for the speed (in m/s) at which the animals exited the crush (n = 11 697, for the last three methods); for all the temperament traits, lower scores indicate animals with calmer temperament. Performance traits were visual scores for conformation (C), finishing precocity (P) and muscling (M) evaluated at yearlings, and average daily gain (ADG) was estimated from weaning to yearling. Bayesian inference using Gibbs sampling was applied to estimate (co)variance components and genetic and phenotypic parameters. Heritability estimates for the temperament traits ranged from 0.07 (CS) to 0.28 (FS). Genetic correlations of the temperament traits with ADG and C, P and M were negative and ranged from −0.02 to −0.31. Phenotypic correlations were negative and consistently lower than the genetic, ranging from −0.08 to −0.02. It was concluded that the temperament traits assessed had favourable genetic correlation estimates with the performance traits studied. However, indirect responses in temperament when selecting for higher ADG and visual scoring system of C, P and M, will be low.
MLK3 is a novel target of dehydroglyasperin D for the reduction in UVB‐induced COX‐2 expression in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jung Sung Keun , Ha Su Jeong , Kim Yeong A , Lee Jihoon , Lim Tae‐Gyu , Kim Yun Tai , Lee Nam Hyouck , Park Jun Seong , Yeom Myeong‐Hun , Lee Hyong Joo , Lee Ki Won 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDehydroglyasperin D (DHGA‐D), a compound present in licorice, has been found to exhibit anti‐obesity, antioxidant and anti‐aldose reductase effects. However, the direct molecular mechanism and molecular targets of DHGA‐D during skin inflammation remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DHGA‐D on inflammation and its mechanism of action on UVB‐induced skin inflammation in HaCaT human keratinocytes and SKH‐1 hairless mice. DHGA‐D treatment strongly suppressed UVB‐induced COX‐2 expression, PGE2 generation and AP‐1 transactivity in HaCaT cells without affecting cell viability. DHGA‐D also inhibited phosphorylation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) 3/6/p38, MAPK/Elk‐1, MKK4/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2/c‐Jun/mitogen, and stress‐activated protein kinase (MSK), whereas phosphorylation of the mixed‐lineage kinase (MLK) 3 remained unaffected. Kinase and co‐precipitation assays with DHGA‐D Sepharose 4B beads showed that DHGA‐D significantly suppressed MLK3 activity through direct binding to MLK3. Knockdown of MLK3 suppressed COX‐2 expression as well as phosphorylation of MKK4/p38 and MKK3/6/JNK1/2 in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry results showed that DHGA‐D pre‐treatment significantly inhibits UVB‐induced COX‐2 expression in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that DHGA‐D may be a promising anti‐inflammatory agent that mediates suppression of both COX‐2 expression and the MLK3 signalling pathway through direct binding and inhibition of MLK3.
Periodontal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection: a community‐based study using serology and rapid urease test
Authors: Nisha Krishnavilasom J. , Nandakumar Krishnankutty , Shenoy Kottacherry T. , Janam Presanthila 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimsThe aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of periodontal disease and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and their associations within a predefined Indian population.MethodsA community‐based cross‐sectional study of 500 selected individuals using a questionnaire, oral examination, rapid urease testing of dental plaque, and serological examination for immunoglobulin G antibody to H. pylori was carried out.ResultsPeriodontal disease and H. pylori infection were prevalent in more than 50% of the population. Age, smoking, and diabetic status of the individuals were risk factors for periodontal disease after multivariate analysis, and a lack of proper sewage and waste disposal facilities were found to increase the risk of H. pylori infection. Although there was no association between periodontal disease and H. pylori seropositivity in the community, a highly‐significant association was found between periodontal disease and colonization of H. pylori in dental plaque.ConclusionsBecause periodontal disease is associated with the increased colonization of H. pylori, new treatment modalities, such as plaque control measures, should be employed for the complete management of H. pylori‐associated gastric disease.
Continuous infusion of substance P into rat striatum alleviates nociceptive behavior via phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2
Authors: Nakamura Yoki , Izumi Hiroki , Fukushige Ryo , Shimizu Takumi , Watanabe Kyohei , Morioka Norimitsu , Hama Aldric , Takamatsu Hiroyuki , Nakata Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIntraplantar injection of 0.4% formalin into the rat hind paw leads to a biphasic nociceptive response; an ‘acute’ phase (0–15 min) and ‘tonic’ phase (16–120 min), which is accompanied by significant phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in the contralateral striatum at 120 min post‐formalin injection. To uncover a possible relationship between the slow‐onset substance P (SP) release and increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the striatum, continuous infusion of SP into the striatum by reverse microdialysis (0.4 μg/mL in microdialysis fiber, 1 μL/min) was performed to mimic volume neurotransmission of SP. Continuous infusion for 3 h of SP reduced the duration of ‘tonic’ phase nociception, and this SP effect was mediated by neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors since pre‐treatment with NK1 receptor antagonist CP96345 (10 μM) blocked the effect of SP infusion. However, formalin‐induced ‘tonic’ phase nociception was significantly prolonged following acute injection of the MAP/ERK kinase 1/2 inhibitor PD0325901 (100 pmol) by microinjection. The coinfusion of SP and PD0325901 significantly increased the ‘tonic’ phase of nociception. These data demonstrate that volume transmission of striatal SP triggered by peripheral nociceptive stimulation does not lead to pain facilitation but a significant decrease of tonic nociception by the activation of the SP‐NK1 receptor–ERK1/2 system.
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Noxious stimulation induces a slow‐onset substance P (SP) release as a volume transmitter, activating extra‐synaptic NK1 receptors, and evokes phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. The SP‐NK1‐ERK1/2 system in the striatum decreases tonic nociception.
Cardioprotective Effects of Oral Nicorandil Use in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: SHEHATA MOHAMED 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveThis study sought to evaluate the cardioprotective role of oral nicorandil (a hybrid between the nitrates and adenosine triphosphate [ATP] sensitive potassium channel activators) in diabetic patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundMyocardial injury commonly occurs during PCI. Several agents that mimic ischemic preconditioning could help minimize this phenomenon.MethodsOne hundred diabetic patients with stable angina were prospectively enrolled, then randomly assigned to receive oral nicorandil: 20 mg once daily (group A, 50 patients) or placebo (group B, 50 patients) 1 week before and 6 months after PCI. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB) levels were measured before and 6, 12, and 24 hours post‐PCI.ResultsMean age of the study cohort was 59.8 ± 5.8 years (males = 68%). cTnI level was significantly lower in group A (6 hours: 7.3 ± 0.3 vs. 14.5 ± 0.4 pg/mL; 12 hours: 12.7 ± 0.7 vs. 25.3 ± 0.5 pg/mL; and 24 hours: 7.7 ± 0.5 vs. 15.0 ± 0.4 pg/mL, P < 0.001). After 6 months, the same group showed significantly higher left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF%), that is, 63.5 ± 7.7% versus 56.5 ± 8.3% (P < 0.05), with a trend toward lower incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE).ConclusionIn diabetic patients undergoing elective PCI, nicorandil intake was associated with decreased incidence of PCI‐related myocardial injury and improvement of LVEF% after 6 months. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:472–481)
Cobalt–Chromium KAname™ coRonary stEnt System in the Treatment of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (KARE Study)
Authors: CARRIE DIDIER , SCHÄCHINGER VOLKER , DANZI GIAN BATTISTA , MACAYA CARLOS , ZEYMER UWE , PUTNIKOVIC BILJANA , INIGUEZ ANDRES , MORENO RAUL , MEHMEDBEGOVIC ZLATKO , BELESLIN BRANKO ,   ON BEHALF OF KARE INVESTIGATORS
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Kaname™ cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr), thin strut, bare metal stent (BMS) system for the treatment of coronary artery lesions.BackgroundDespite widespread use of drug‐eluting stents, a certain percentage of patients with coronary artery disease are still treated with BMS. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate their clinical performance.MethodsTwo hundred eighty‐two patients were enrolled in this prospective, single‐arm study including a predefined subset of 79 patients with small vessels. The primary end‐point was freedom from target vessel failure (TVF) at 6 months. Key angiographic and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) end‐points were late loss, diameter stenosis, binary restenosis, and neointimal hyperplasia volume.ResultsFreedom from TVF at 6 months was 93.3% and at 1 year 90.8% in total population, and 92.4% and 87.3% in small vessels, respectively. Clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates at 6 and 12 months were 4.3% and 6.4% in total population, and 3.8% and 7.6% in small vessels, respectively. At 6 months in‐stent late loss was 0.75 ± 0.43 mm and binary restenosis rate was 16.9% in total population, and 0.64 ± 0.40 mm and 26.1% in small vessels, while IVUS assessed neointimal hyperplasia volume at 6 months was 128.9 ± 42.6 mm3 for total population. There were no definite and probable stent thromboses up to 12 months.ConclusionsResults indicate good safety and effectiveness of the Kaname™ stent with clinically equivalent results in small and larger vessels, as such providing useful treatment option for patients with ischemic heart disease considered for BMS implantation. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:491–499)
Smartphone use and work–home interference: The moderating role of social norms and employee work engagement
Authors: Derks Daantje , van Duin Desiree , Tims Maria , Bakker Arnold B. 
Published: August 2014

Work in our modern society that is facilitated by communication technology involves connectivity, immediacy, and a blurring of boundaries between work and non‐work domains. This 4‐day quantitative diary study (N = 100 employees, N = 367–400 data points) aims to shed light on the relationship between daily smartphone use and daily work–home interference (WHI). Two potential moderators of this relationship are examined: (1) (strong) social norms represented by the influence of colleagues and supervisors regarding availability after work hours and (2) work engagement. Overall, the results of multilevel analyses were in line with the hypotheses. The findings suggest that supervisors should be clear about their expectations regarding smartphone use in private hours in that they should not expect employees to be always available. In addition we conclude that engaged workers can prevent work from interfering too much with their private lives, even when they use their smartphones during evening hours.Practitioner points

Employees working in an ‘always‐on’ culture experience more WHI.

Important role models, such as supervisors, should be aware that the emails they send during evening hours and weekends also have recipients.

Supervisors should be careful in creating expectations regarding availability when they decide to provide smartphones to their employees.
Insecticidal and repellent effects of tea tree and andiroba oils on flies associated with livestock
Authors: KLAUCK V. , PAZINATO R. , STEFANI L. M. , SANTOS R. C. , VAUCHER R. A. , BALDISSERA M. D. , RAFFIN R. , BOLIGON A. , ATHAYDE M. , BARETTA D. , MACHADO G. , DA SILVA A. S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal and repellent effects of tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and andiroba, Carapa guianensis (Sapindales: Meliaceae), essential oils on two species of fly. For in vitro studies, free‐living adult flies were captured and reared in the laboratory. To evaluate the insecticidal effects of the oils, adult flies of Haematobia irritans (L.) and Musca domestica L. (both: Diptera: Muscidae) were separated by species in test cages (n = 10 per group), and subsequently tested with oils at concentrations of 1.0% and 5.0% using a negative control to validate the test. Both oils showed insecticidal activity. Tea tree oil at a concentration of 5.0% was able to kill M. domestica with 100.0% efficacy after 12 h of exposure. However, the effectiveness of andiroba oil at a concentration of 5.0% was only 67.0%. The insecticidal efficacy (100.0%) of both oils against H. irritans was observed at both concentrations for up to 4 h. The repellency effects of the oils at concentrations of 5.0% were tested in vivo on Holstein cows naturally infested by H. irritans. Both oils demonstrated repellency at 24 h, when the numbers of flies on cows treated with tea tree and andiroba oil were 61.6% and 57.7%, respectively, lower than the number of flies on control animals. It is possible to conclude that these essential oils have insecticidal and repellent effects against the species of fly used in this study.
A pathogenic trace of Tannerella forsythia – shedding of soluble fully active tumor necrosis factor α from the macrophage surface by karilysin
Authors: Bryzek D. , Ksiazek M. , Bielecka E. , Karim A.Y. , Potempa B. , Staniec D. , Koziel J. , Potempa J. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryTannerella forsythia is implicated as a pathogen causing chronic and aggressive periodontitis. However, its virulence factors, including numerous putative proteases, are mostly uncharacterized. Karilysin is a newly described matrix metalloprotease‐like enzyme of T. forsythia. Since pathogen‐derived proteases may affect the host defense system via modulation of the cytokine network, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of karilysin on tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). The results showed that karilysin cleaved the membrane form of TNF‐α on the surface of macrophages, and that this led to an increased concentration of soluble TNF‐α in the conditioned medium. Importantly, despite partial degradation of soluble TNF‐α by karilysin, the released cytokine retained its biological activity, inducing apoptosis and stimulating autocrine pathway of pro‐inflammatory gene expression. Notably, the observed effect required proteolytic activity by karilysin, since a catalytically inactive mutant of the enzyme did not affect TNF‐α secretion. The shedding was independent of the activity of ADAM17, a major endogenous TNF‐α converting enzyme. Karilysin‐dependent TNF‐α release from the cell surface is likely to occur in vivo because human plasma, the main constituent of gingival crevicular fluid, only slightly affected the sheddase activity of karilysin. Taken together, these results indicate that karilysin modulates the host immune response through regulation of TNF‐α secretion, and should therefore be considered as a new virulence factor of T. forsythia.
Peptidylarginine deiminase from Porphyromonas gingivalis contributes to infection of gingival fibroblasts and induction of prostaglandin E2‐signaling pathway
Authors: Gawron K. , Bereta G. , Nowakowska Z. , Łazarz–Bartyzel K. , Łazarz M. , Szmigielski B. , Mizgalska D. , Buda A. , Koziel J. , Oruba Z. , Chomyszyn‐Gajewska M. , Potempa J. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryPorphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) expres‐ses the enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD), which has a strong preference for C‐terminal arginines. Due to the combined activity of PPAD and Arg‐specific gingipains, P. gingivalis on the cell surface is highly citrullinated. To investigate the contribution of PPAD to the interaction of P. gingivalis with primary human gingival fibroblasts (PHGF) and P. gingivalis‐induced synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), PHGF were infected with wild‐type P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, an isogenic PPAD‐knockout strain (∆ppad) or a mutated strain (C351A) expressing an inactive enzyme in which the catalytic cysteine has been mutated to alanine (PPADC351A). Cells were infected in medium containing the mutants alone or in medium supplemented with purified, active PPAD. PHGF infection was assessed by colony‐forming assay, microscopic analysis and flow cytometry. Expression of cyclo‐oxygenase 2 (COX‐2) and microsomal PGE synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1), key factors in the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), while PGE2 synthesis was evaluated by enzyme immunoassay. PHGF were infected more efficiently by wild‐type P. gingivalis than by the ∆ppad strain, which correlated with strong induction of COX‐2 and mPGES‐1 expression by wild‐type P. gingivalis, but not by the PPAD activity‐null mutant strains (Δppad and C351A). The impaired ability of the Δppad strain to adhere to and/or invade PHGF and both Δppad and C351A to stimulate the PGE2‐synthesis pathway was fully restored by the addition of purified PPAD. The latter effect was strongly inhibited by aspirin. Collectively, our results implicate PPAD activity, but not PPAD itself, as an important factor for gingival fibroblast infection and activation of PGE2 synthesis, the latter of which may strongly contribute to bone resorption and eventual tooth loss.
The effectiveness of ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative pain management in children and adolescents
Authors: Visoiu Mihaela , Joy Lendi N. , Grudziak Jan S. , Chelly Jacques E. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackgroundAmbulatory continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNBs) are feasible for pediatric patients. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of CPNBs in a pediatric population.MethodsThis retrospective report of 33‐month prospectively collected data investigates patient, parent, and nurse pain control satisfaction score (PCSS), the incidence and severity of pain, daily analgesic consumption following discharge home with various CPNBs and On‐Q pumps, and any complications and side effects related to CPNBs.ResultsFour hundred and three patients (403; aged 5–22) were discharged home with 410 CPNBs (brachial and lumbar plexus, femoral, sciatic, and paravertebral); 76.7% on the day of surgery. The median/interquartile range (IQR) ropivacaine continuous infusion via On‐Q pump was 0.24 (0.20–0.30) mg·kg−1·hr−1, and the median/IQR duration was 72 (48–72) h. The median/IQR home PCSS was 10 (9–10). Median Postoperative Ambulatory Care Unit (PACU)/IQR pain control satisfaction scores were 10 (8–10) for the patient, 10 (9–10) for the parent, and 10 (9–10) for the nurse. Thirty‐three (10.0%) patients did not report any pain at home, and median maximum home/IQR pain score was 4 (2–6). In the PACU, 126 (31.3%) patients did not report any pain and median/IQR pain score was 1 (0–3). No opioids were administered at home for 12 (4.3%) patients and in the PACU for 150 (37.4%). Sixty‐three (14.4%) complications and side effects for 58 patients were reported. We report 93.1% ambulatory efficacy of CPNBs.ConclusionOur patients and their caregivers were very satisfied with ambulatory CPNBs. When combined with oral analgesics, CPNBs provided effective home postoperative analgesia.
Treatment of BK virus‐associated nephropathy with CMX001 after kidney transplantation in a young child
Authors: Reisman Lewis , Habib Sabeen , McClure Gloria B. , Latiolais Lisa S. , Vanchiere John A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNC, with renal failure secondary to bilateral dysplastic kidneys, received an LRD renal transplant (tx) at 17 months of age. Her early post‐tx course was complicated by persistently elevated blood polyoma BK virus DNA loads. A protocol biopsy at six months post‐transplant revealed BKVAN. Blood viral loads did not respond to decreased immunosuppression or treatment with ciprofloxacin and leflunomide. Six months post‐tx, her serum creatinine began to rise and we sought experimental therapy to prevent the loss of her graft. At seven months post‐tx, with FDA approval under an eIND, the patient was started on a 36‐wk course of treatment with the investigational drug. The patient is now more than 24 months after stopping treatment with CMX. BKV viral DNA loads remain at low, but still detectable levels. Urine viral loads have declined, but remain elevated. EBV DNA loads become undetectable. The patient's serum creatinine has declined back to a baseline of 0.5–0.7 mg/dL and has been stable for two yr. Renal function was preserved in association with the use of CMX001 to treat BKV nephropathy in a young pediatric kidney transplant recipient. There were no serious adverse events associated with the use of CMX001. This novel medication may be of value in the treatment of BKVAN in pediatric renal transplant recipients.
“Your Honor” is a Female: A Multistage Electoral Analysis of Women's Successes at Securing State Trial Court Judgeships*
Authors: Bullock Charles S. , MacManus Susan A. , Owen Karen Padgett , Penberthy Corttney C. , Reid Ralph O. , McPhee Brian 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesUsing a multistage gender‐focused analysis of candidates for trial court judgeships, we seek answers to these leading questions: (1) Are women as strategic as men in choosing the conditions under which they run for an open seat or against an incumbent and against a male opponent or against another female? (2) Are women winning at the same rates as men under the same conditions at the primary election stage and at the runoff stage? (3) Are women as likely as men to move into a vacant trial court judgeship via a gubernatorial appointment? (4) Are women more likely to be appointed than to win election to the bench?MethodsThis research represents the first use of an “all‐stage” analysis of the relative success of female versus male candidates for trial court judge in nonpartisan settings. The three stages analyzed are (1) candidacy, (2) the initial primary round (outright victory or progression to the runoff), and (3) the end stage—victory in a runoff, if necessary. The study is based on longitudinal data from Florida and Georgia—two of the nation's 10 largest states, each with higher contestation rates than the national average for nonpartisan trial court judicial races—and gubernatorial appointments to new or vacant judgeships.ResultsWomen behave strategically, more often seeking open seats than challenging incumbents and more often competing against men than women. Women participated in the candidate pools for most seats having contested primaries and when women run, they win more often than they lose, usually by defeating men. While women fare less well in runoffs than initial primaries, they win more runoffs than they lose. Women more often come to the bench by winning an election than securing a gubernatorial appointment, with female appointees disproportionately serving in newly created judgeships.ConclusionsWomen frequently compete for trial court judgeships and when they run, they usually succeed. Open seats rather than challenging incumbents or hoping for a gubernatorial appointment provide the best way to increase gender equality on the bench.