bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food web collapse and regime shift following goldfish introduction in permanent ponds
Authors: Lejeune Benjamin , Lepoint Gilles , Denoël Mathieu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn a global context of invasive alien species (IAS), native predators are often eradicated by functionally different IAS, which may induce complex cascading consequences on ecosystem functioning because of the key role predators play in structuring communities and stabilizing food webs. In permanent ponds, the most abundant freshwater systems on Earth, global human‐mediated introductions of alien omnivores such as the pet trade goldfish are driving broad‐scale patterns of native predators' exclusion, but cascading consequences on food web structure and functioning are critically understudied. We compared food webs of naturally fishless ponds versus ponds where dominant native predators (newts) had been extirpated by invasive goldfish within the last decade. Integrating community‐wide isotopic, taxonomic and functional traits approaches, our study reveals that pond food webs collapsed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions following goldfish introduction and the associated exclusion of native predators. Consumer taxonomic diversity was drastically reduced, essentially deprived of amphibians as well as predatory and mobile macroinvertebrates to the profit of burrowing, lower trophic level consumers (detritivores). Changes in community structure and function underlined a regime shift from a macrophyte‐dominated system mainly characterized by benthic primary production (periphyton), to a macrophyte‐depleted state of ponds hosting communities mainly associated with phytoplankton primary production and detritus accumulation, with higher tolerance to eutrophication and low dissolved oxygen concentration. Results underline major impacts of widely introduced omnivores such as the goldfish on the functioning of pond ecosystems with potentially dramatic consequences on the key ecosystem services they deliver, such as global biodiversity support or water quality improvement. They also shed light on the key role of submerged aquatic vegetation in supporting diverse communities and complex food webs in shallow lentic systems and call for urgent consideration of threats posed by IAS on ponds' ecosystems by managers and policymakers.
Large and/or single‐parent families: Public attitudes towards pronatalist and anti‐poverty family policies in Hungary
Authors: Herke Boglárka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the 2010s, new family benefits were introduced in Hungary, focusing on large families to halt population decline. However, poverty reduction became sidelined, as these schemes benefited higher‐income earners. Based on poverty statistics, the article investigates how two family types associated with a higher risk of poverty—large families and single‐parent families—fare under this new selective pronatalist system. Furthermore, based on new representative national survey data, the article explores public support for the reforms. Although the income poverty rate for large families significantly decreased during the 2010s, it remained persistently high for single‐parent families, especially large single‐parent families. The findings indicate strong public support for state assistance to large, single‐parent and poor families and state pronatalism. However, the public prioritises support for poor, single‐parent families. This underscores a partial mismatch between public attitudes and government policy. Nonetheless, this policy probably secured public legitimacy, chiefly due to the general support for state pronatalism and large families, which were vigorously implemented in family policies, albeit selectively.
The quality admission and price decisions of production capacity on the third‐party platform for shared manufacturing
Authors: Li Wenbo , Dan Bin , Zhang Xumei , Lei Ting , Zhang Shengming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMany third‐party platforms for shared manufacturing (platforms) have developed rapidly in recent years. The quality admission and pricing of production capacity are crucial issues for these platforms. This paper focuses on the platform supply chain composed of a platform, multiple manufacturers with surplus production capacity (sharers), and multiple manufacturers with insufficient production capacity (renters). Considering the impact of the production capacity quality on the shared scale and rental demand of production capacity, this paper constructs a game model for the platform supply chain under different quality admission scenarios, investigates the quality admission and price decisions of production capacity on the platform, and analyses the impact of the quality admission on the sharers’ and renters’ profits. The results show that the platform sets the quality admission when the sharers’ production capacity scale is small and the platform regulatory cost is low. The platform always increases its service price but may reduce the rental price of production capacity under the quality admission scenario. When the sharers’ production capacity scale is large, the platform lowers the threshold of quality admission with the quality elasticity of production capacity increasing. In addition, when the quality elasticity of production capacity and platform regulatory cost are low, and the sharers’ production capacity scale is small, the quality admission of the platform realizes the win–win–win situation for the platform, renters, and sharers.
Thermoelectric properties of monolayered MnBi2Te4
Authors: Chai Linlin , Zhang Fan , Bai Yu , Dong Baojuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe thermoelectric properties of monolayered MnBi2Te4 are investigated using first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and Boltzmann transport theory. Our research indicates significant thermoelectric performance in monolayered MnBi2Te4, with a maximum figure of merit () and power factor () ranging from approximately 3.58 to 9.267 and 0.012 to 0.021 across a temperature range of 300–700 K. The exceptional thermoelectric performance of monolayered MnBi2Te4 can be attributed to its unique structural and electronic properties, which lead to ultralow lattice thermal conductivity and high electrical transport properties. Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity as low as at 300 K is found in the monolayered MnBi2Te4, which is mainly contributed from the anharmonic scatterings of low‐frequency phonons. And high electronic conductivity and a notable Seebeck coefficient are also observed in our system, which has close relationship with its distinctive electronic band structure. Besides, the two‐dimensional structure makes it a great candidate to holding greater PF by enhancing the quantum confinement. Our findings may lay a strong theoretical groundwork for future experimental inquiries. Subsequent experimental investigations will be crucial to confirm these findings, refine synthesis methods, and explore the practical applications of monolayered MnBi2Te4 in thermoelectric devices.
Knowledge status of skin tear prevention and its demographic and occupational influencing factors: A National cross‐sectional survey among nurses
Authors: Jiang Qingli , He Huilin , Jing Ke , Wang Miyan , He Xiaochun , Hu Rong , Yang Yuwei , He Fang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimA skin tear (ST) is a common skin injury that is often misdiagnosed or overlooked. This study examined the current state of nurses' ST knowledge and its influencing factors.DesignA national cross‐sectional survey combined with a quantitative analysis was used to provide evidence of poor ST knowledge among nurses and its influencing factors.MethodsAn electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among 1293 nurses from 32 hospitals in 18 provinces across China, including a General Information Questionnaire, ST Knowledge Assessment Instrument (OASES) and a Self‐directed Learning Competence Scale for Nurses (SLCS‐N).ResultsThe mean OASES score was 9.51 ± 3.15, with a score rate of 47.55%. Pearson's correlation analysis showed positive correlations, ranging from none to strong, between every dimension in the OASES and from strong to extremely strong between every dimension in the SLCS‐N. Multivariate analysis revealed multiple independent factors influencing ST knowledge, such as hospital tier, specialized nurses in wound/ostomy/incontinence care, participation in training for wound/ostomy/incontinence management, willingness to undergo ST training, self‐assessed grade in ST care and the degree of emphasis of managers.ConclusionST knowledge status was generally poor among nurses nationwide. Managers should establish a comprehensive and specialized curriculum‐based system, develop evidence‐based standardized nursing processes, and provide tailored training programs to address nurses' unique characteristics and individualized needs, thereby enhancing their proficiency in ST‐related knowledge and skills.ImpactThis study is the first to identify a poor level of ST knowledge among nurses nationwide, particularly in the four dimensions of risk assessment: prevention, treatment, classification, and observation. Based on the findings regarding demographic factors and ST experiences, an integrated management system and educational program should be implemented to improve nurses' awareness and knowledge in this field.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contributions.
Psychoeducation group facilitation training for nurses: A quality improvement project
Authors: McLeay Shanon G. , Mathews Therese , Leeza Struwe  
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccording to the 2020−2021 National Survey of Children's Health, 23.3% of children and adolescents met criteria for one or more mental, emotional, developmental, or behavioral problems. However, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress disorder have risen dramatically since the COVID‐19 pandemic, leading to an increase in suicidal ideations, completed suicides, and pediatric psychiatric hospitalizations. There is a critical need for high quality mental healthcare treatments, including psychoeducation. Inpatient psychiatric nurses are well positioned to lead psychoeducation groups, but few receive training.Local ProblemNurses at a designated inpatient pediatric psychiatric unit expressed discomfort in facilitating psychoeducation groups.MethodsThis is a one‐group prepost and follow‐up quality improvement study designed to improve the quality of psychoeducation group facilitation skills provided by nurses at a child and adolescent inpatient psychiatric unit. A convenience sample of nurses (N = 16) participated. Baseline (T1), post‐test (T2), and follow‐up (T3) data were collected regarding nurses' self‐efficacy, evidence based‐practice attitudes, and knowledge of psychoeducation group facilitation.InterventionsNurses received 45 min of psychoeducation group facilitation education and 15 min of skills simulation.ResultsThe nurses' knowledge, self‐efficacy, and attitudes toward evidence‐based practice when facilitating psychoeducation groups increased significantly from the baseline to the post‐test, which was sustained from the post‐test to the follow‐up period.ConclusionStudy findings indicate the importance of supporting nurses in their role of psychoeducation group facilitation through education and program structure. Further research is needed to assess longer term sustainability and efficacy in leading psychoeducation groups.
Celastrol alleviates atopic dermatitis by regulating Ezrin‐mediated mitochondrial fission and fusion
Authors: Wang Dandan , Jin Shan , Liu Hanye , Song Xinyi , Jin Hongyu , Song Yilan , Zhao Hongwei , Li Liangchang , Yan Guanghai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCelastrol, a bioactive molecule extracted from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., possesses anti‐inflammatory, anti‐obesity and anti‐tumour properties. Despite its efficacy in improving erythema and scaling in psoriatic mice, the specific therapeutic mechanism of celastrol in atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unknown. This study aims to examine the role and mechanism of celastrol in AD using TNF‐α‐stimulated HaCaT cells and DNCB‐induced Balb/c mice as in vitro and in vivo AD models, respectively. Celastrol was found to inhibit the increased epidermal thickness, reduce spleen and lymph node weights, attenuate inflammatory cell infiltration and mast cell degranulation and decrease thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) as well as various inflammatory factors (IL‐4, IL‐13, TNF‐α, IL‐5, IL‐31, IL‐33, IgE, TSLP, IL‐17, IL‐23, IL‐1β, CCL11 and CCL17) in AD mice. Additionally, celastrol inhibited Ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567, restored mitochondrial network structure, promoted translocation of Drp1 to the cytoplasm and reduced TNF‐α‐induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) production. Interestingly, Mdivi‐1 (a mitochondrial fission inhibitor) and Ezrin‐specific siRNAs lowered inflammatory factor levels and restored mitochondrial reticular formation, as well as ROS, mtROS and MMP production. Co‐immunoprecipitation revealed that Ezrin interacted with Drp1. Knocking down Ezrin reduced mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 phosphorylation and Fis1 expression while increasing the expression of fusion proteins Mfn1 and Mfn2. The regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion by Ezrin was confirmed. Overall, celastrol may alleviate AD by regulating Ezrin‐mediated mitochondrial fission and fusion, which may become a novel therapeutic reagent for alleviating AD.
Using Automated Procedures to Score Educational Essays Written in Three Languages
Authors: Firoozi Tahereh , Mohammadi Hamid , Gierl Mark J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate a multilingual automated essay scoring (AES) system for grading essays in three languages. Two different sentence embedding models were evaluated within the AES system, multilingual BERT (mBERT) and language‐agnostic BERT sentence embedding (LaBSE). German, Italian, and Czech essays were holistically scored using the Common European Framework of Reference of Languages. The AES system with mBERT produced results that were consistent with human raters overall across all three language groups. The system also produced accurate predictions for some but not all of the score levels within each language. The AES system with LaBSE produced results that were even more consistent with the human raters overall across all three language groups compared to mBERT. In addition, the system produced accurate predictions for the majority of the score levels within each language. The performance differences between mBERT and LaBSE can be explained by considering how each language embedding model is implemented. Implications of this study for educational testing are also discussed.
Presentation and Management of Postpartum Granulation Tissue: A Single‐Institution Retrospective Study
Authors: Kette Bethany , Kumnick Allison , Budd Serenity , Gaddam Neha , Hazen Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAlthough the development of postpartum granulation tissue (PPGT) is an expected phase of healing of perineal and vaginal lacerations, the persistence of this tissue can result in delayed wound healing, pain, bleeding, and discharge. There is a paucity of information on the efficacy of the treatments used for pathologic PPGT. The objective of this study was to describe characteristics associated with the development of PPGT and the treatment methods currently used for management.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 140 patients diagnosed with PPGT within one year of birth from 2012 through 2022 within a single health care system. Patients were identified by International Classification of Diseases and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Demographics, birth characteristics, symptoms, and treatment information were obtained and assessed in frequencies and means. Treatments were compared with 95% CIs and P values. Time to resolution was assessed by the number of weeks and the number of visits.ResultsIt was the first vaginal birth for 129 (92%) patients in the study cohort. The majority (84.3%) of patients presented with pain. Almost half of all patients (45%) were diagnosed after 6 weeks postpartum. 30.0% of patients were initially treated conservatively. 76.4% of patients were treated with silver nitrate, and 33.6% had an excisional procedure. Successful conservative management had the lowest average number of visits to resolution with 1.39 visits (95% CI, 1.15‐1.69), followed by silver nitrate alone with 1.95 visits (95% CI, 1.73‐2.19), and excision with or without silver nitrate with 2.40 visits (95% CI, 2.07‐2.78). Conservative management was unsuccessful 45% of the time, requiring additional treatment with silver nitrate or excision. 30% of patients treated with silver nitrate or excision continued to report pain even after the resolution of granulation tissue upon examination.ConclusionPPGT is commonly associated with first vaginal births, often presents beyond 6 weeks postpartum, and frequently requires treatment.
Does the brain make prolactin?
Authors: Grattan David R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe prolactin receptor (Prlr) is widely expressed in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus. Prolactin also has an increasing range of well‐characterised effects on central nervous system function. Because of this, over many years, there has been interest in whether the hormone itself is also expressed within the brain, perhaps acting as a neuropeptide to regulate brain function via its receptor in neurons. The aim of this invited review is to critically evaluate the evidence for brain production of prolactin. Unlike the evidence for the Prlr, evidence for brain prolactin is inconsistent and variable. A range of different antibodies have been used, each characterising a different distribution of prolactin‐like immunoreactivity. Prolactin mRNA has been detected in the brain, but only at levels markedly lower than seen in the pituitary gland. Importantly, it has largely only been detected by highly sensitive amplification‐based techniques, and the extreme sensitivity means there is a risk of false‐positive data. Modern in situ hybridisation methods and single‐cell RNA sequencing have not provided supporting evidence, but it is hard to prove a negative! Finally, I acknowledge and discuss the possibility that prolactin might be produced in the brain under specific circumstances, such as to promote a neuroprotective response to cell damage. Collectively, however, based on this analysis, I have formed the opinion that brain production of prolactin is unlikely, and even if occurs, it is of little physiological consequence. Most, if not all of the brain actions of prolactin can be explained by pituitary prolactin gaining access to the brain.
Kisspeptins centrally modulate food intake and locomotor activity in mice independently of gonadal steroids in a sexually dimorphic manner
Authors: Velasco Inmaculada , Daza‐Dueñas Silvia , Torres Encarnación , Ruiz‐Pino Francisco , Vázquez María J. , Tena‐Sempere Manuel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKisspeptins are essential regulators of the reproductive axis, with capacity to potently activate gonadotropin‐releasing hormone neurons, acting also as central conduits for the metabolic regulation of fertility. Recent evidence suggests that kisspeptins per se may also modulate several metabolic parameters, including body weight, food intake or energy expenditure, but their actual roles and site(s) of action remain unclear. We present herein a series of studies addressing the metabolic effects of central and peripheral administration of kisspeptin‐10 (Kp‐10; 1 nmol and 3 nmol daily, respectively) for 11 days in mice of both sexes. To assess direct metabolic actions of Kp‐10 versus those derived indirectly from its capacity to modulate gonadal hormone secretion, kisspeptin effects were tested in adult male and female mice gonadectomized and supplemented with fixed, physiological doses of testosterone or 17β‐estradiol, respectively. Central administration of Kp‐10 decreased food intake in male mice, especially during the dark phase (~50%), which was accompanied by a reduction in total and nocturnal energy expenditure (~16%) and locomotor activity (~70%). In contrast, opposite patterns were detected in female mice, with an increase in total and nocturnal locomotor activity (>65%), despite no changes in food intake or energy expenditure. These changes were independent of body weight, as no differences were detected in mice of both sexes at the end of Kp‐10 treatments. Peripheral administration of Kp‐10 failed to alter any of the metabolic parameters analyzed, except for a decrease in locomotor activity in male mice and a subtle increase in 24 h food intake in female mice, denoting a predominant central role of kisspeptins in the control of energy metabolism. Finally, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were not significantly affected by central or peripheral treatment with Kp‐10. In conclusion, our data reveal a potential role of kisspeptins in the control of key metabolic parameters, including food intake, energy expenditure and locomotor activity, with a preferential action at central level, which is sex steroid‐independent but sexually dimorphic.
Exploring patients with COPD self‐care behaviours and self‐efficacy and their interconnections: A network analysis
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Liu Yuan , Liu Yong , Zhang Jinlin , Liu Ling , Matarese Maria , Wang Lan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate self‐care behaviours of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), understand their complex interconnections and identify key behaviours influencing self‐care and self‐efficacy.DesignAn observational, cross‐sectional study design.Setting(s)The outpatient department of two tertiary hospital.MethodsA convenience sample of patients with a diagnosis of COPD were included (n = 222). Self‐care behaviours were assessed using the Chinese version of self‐care of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inventory based on the Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness. Patient self‐care efficacy was evaluated using Chinese version of Self‐Care Self‐Efficacy Scale in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Employing network analysis, associations between behaviours (nodes) and their interrelationships (edges) were deciphered. The study was reported following the STROBE checklist.ResultsAmong the spectrum of self‐care behaviours, patients exhibited the most pronounced deficiencies in behaviours directed to enhancing breathing, monitoring extra‐respiratory symptoms and problem‐solving. Within the network, the most central emerging behaviour was the modification of prescribed therapy at the worsening of symptoms, as suggested by healthcare providers, which drives all self‐care behaviours. The confidence in being able to do something to relieve symptoms, despite difficulties, was a bridging activator of self‐care. The network structure underscored the prominence of self‐care self‐efficacy in driving self‐care maintenance, monitoring, and management behaviours.ConclusionsEducation programs for COPD should prioritise enhancing breathing, symptom monitoring and problem‐solving skills. The crucial self‐care behaviour in COPD involves adjusting treatments in response to symptom changes. Patient confidence in symptom alleviation acts as a catalyst for self‐care engagement. Targeted assessments addressing these aspects could enhance educational interventions, ultimately improving COPD patient outcomes.RegistrationThis study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2200059764; registration date: 11 May 2022).