bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling non-radial oscillations on components of close binaries
Authors: Latković Olivera , Cséki Attila 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe developed an advanced binary system model that includes stellar oscillations on one or both stars, with the goal of mode identification by fitting of the photometric light curves. The oscillations are modeled as perturbations of the local surface temperature and the local gravitational potential. In the case of tidally distorted stars, it is assumed that the pulsation axis coincides with the direction connecting the centers of the components rather than with the rotation axis. The mode identification method, originally devised by B. Bíró, is similar to eclipse mapping in that it utilizes the amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of oscillations during the eclipse; but the identification is achieved by grid-fitting of the observed light curve rather than by image reconstruction. The proposed model and the mode identification method have so far been tested on synthetic data with encouraging results.
Nonlinear hydrodynamic simulations of radial pulsations in massive stars
Authors: Lovekin Catherine , Guzik Joyce A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe investigate the radial pulsation properties of massive main-sequence stars using both linear and non-linear calculations. Using 20, 40, 60 and 85 solar-mass models evolved by Meynet et al. (1994), we calculate nonlinear hydrodynamic envelope models including the effects of time-dependent convection. Many of these models are massive enough to lose a significant amount of mass as they evolve, which also reveals more helium-rich layers. This allows us to investigate the dependence of pulsation on mass, metallicity and surface helium abundance. We find that as a model loses mass, the periods become longer relative to the period predicted by the period-mean density relation (period × $\sqrt{\overline{\rho}}$ is proportional to a constant, Q) for the initial model. Increased surface helium abundance causes a dramatic decrease in the period relative to that expected from Q, while changing the metallicity had little impact on the expected periods.
Kepler RR Lyrae stars: beyond period doubling
Authors: Molnár L. , Benkő J. M. , Szabó R. , Kolláth Z. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe examined the complete short cadence sample of fundamental-mode Kepler RR Lyrae stars to further investigate the recently discovered dynamical effects such as period doubling and additional modes. Here we present the findings on four stars. V450 Lyr may be a non-classical double-mode RR Lyrae star pulsating in the fundamental mode and the second overtone. For the three remaining stars we observe the interaction of three different modes. Since the period ratios are close to resonant values, we observe quasi-repetitive patterns in the pulsation cycles in the stars. These findings support the mode-resonance explanations of the Blazhko effect.
Long-term polarization observations of Mira variable stars suggest asymmetric structures
Authors: Neilson Hilding R. , Ignace Richard , Henson Gary D. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMira and semi-regular variable stars have been studied for centuries but continue to be enigmatic. One unsolved mystery is the presence of polarization from these stars. In particular, we present 40 years of polarization measurements for the prototype o Ceti and V CVn and find very different phenomena for each star. The polarization fraction and position angle for Mira is found to be small and highly variable. On the other hand, the polarization fraction for V CVn is large and variable, from 2–7%, and its position angle is approximately constant, suggesting a long-term asymmetric structure. We suggest a number of potential scenarios to explain these observations.
Making a Be star: the role of rotation and pulsations
Authors: Neiner Coralie , Mathis Stéphane 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe Be phenomenon, i.e. the ejection of matter from Be stars into a circumstellar disk, has been a long lasting mystery. In the last few years, the CoRoT satellite brought clear evidence that Be outbursts are directly correlated to pulsations and rapid rotation. In particular the stochastic excitation of gravito-inertial modes, such as those detected by CoRoT in the hot Be star HD 51452, is enhanced thanks to rapid rotation. These waves increase the transport of angular momentum and help to bring the already rapid stellar rotation to its critical value at the surface, allowing the star to eject material. Below we summarize the recent observational and theoretical findings and describe the new picture of the Be phenomenon which arose from these results.
Mode identification from spectroscopy of gravity-mode pulsators
Authors: Pollard K. R. , Brunsden E. , Cottrell P. L. , Davie M. , Greenwood A. , Wright D. J. , De Cat P. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe gravity modes present in γ Doradus stars probe the deep stellar interiors and are thus of particular interest in asteroseismology. For the MUSICIAN programme at the University of Canterbury, we obtain extensive high-resolution echelle spectra of γ Dor stars from the Mt John University Observatory in New Zealand. We analyze these to obtain the pulsational frequencies and identify these with the multiple pulsational modes excited in the star. A summary of recent results from our spectroscopic mode-identification programme is given.
An observational asteroseismic study of the pulsating B-type stars in the open cluster NGC 884
Authors: Saesen S. , Briquet M. , Aerts C. , Miglio A. , Carrier F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRecent progress in the seismic interpretation of field β Cep stars has resulted in improvements of the physical description in the stellar structure and evolution model computations of massive stars. Further asteroseismic constraints can be obtained from studying ensembles of stars in a young open cluster, which all have similar age, distance and chemical composition. We present an observational asteroseismic study based on the discovery of numerous multi-periodic and mono-periodic B-type stars in the open cluster NGC 884 (χ Persei). Our study illustrates the current status of ensemble asteroseismology of this young open cluster.
δ Scuti-type pulsation in the hot component of the Algol-type binary system BG Peg
Authors: Şenyüz T. , Soydugan E. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this study, 23 Algol-type binary systems, which were selected as candidate binaries with pulsating components, were observed at the Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Observatory. One of these systems was BG Peg. Its hotter component shows δ Scuti-type light variations. Physical parameters of BG Peg were derived from modelling the V light curve using the Wilson-Devinney code. The frequency analysis shows that the pulsational component of the BG Peg system pulsates in two modes with periods of 0.039 and 0.047 d. Mode identification indicates that both modes are most likely non-radial l = 2 modes.
Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction as a strategy for targeting tumour cells in metabolically compromised microenvironments
Authors: Zhang Xiaonan , Fryknäs Mårten , Hernlund Emma , Fayad Walid , De Milito Angelo , Olofsson Maria Hägg , Gogvadze Vladimir , Dang Long , Påhlman Sven , Schughart Leoni A. Kunz , Rickardson Linda , D′Arcy Padraig , Gullbo Joachim , Nygren Peter , Larsson Rolf , Linder Stig 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAbnormal vascularization of solid tumours results in the development of microenvironments deprived of oxygen and nutrients that harbour slowly growing and metabolically stressed cells. Such cells display enhanced resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents and repopulate tumours after therapy. Here we identify the small molecule VLX600 as a drug that is preferentially active against quiescent cells in colon cancer 3-D microtissues. The anticancer activity is associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration, leading to bioenergetic catastrophe and tumour cell death. VLX600 shows enhanced cytotoxic activity under conditions of nutrient starvation. Importantly, VLX600 displays tumour growth inhibition in vivo. Our findings suggest that tumour cells in metabolically compromised microenvironments have a limited ability to respond to decreased mitochondrial function, and suggest a strategy for targeting the quiescent populations of tumour cells for improved cancer treatment.
Free-surface molecular command systems for photoalignment of liquid crystalline materials
Authors: Fukuhara Kei , Nagano Shusaku , Hara Mitsuo , Seki Takahiro 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe orientation of liquid crystal molecules is very sensitive towards contacting surfaces, and this phenomenon is critical during the fabrication of liquid crystal display panels, as well as optical and memory devices. To date, research has focused on designing and modifying solid surfaces. Here we report an approach to control the orientation of liquid crystals from the free (air) surface side: a skin layer at the free surface was prepared using a non-photoresponsive liquid crystalline polymer film by surface segregation or inkjet printing an azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline block copolymer. Both planar-planar and homoeotropic-planar mode patterns were readily generated. This strategy is applicable to various substrate systems, including inorganic substrates and flexible polymer films. These versatile processes require no modification of the substrate surface and are therefore expected to provide new opportunities for the fabrication of optical and mechanical devices based on liquid crystal alignment.
The environmental dependence of u-band luminosity at fixed parameters or for different galaxy families
Authors: Deng Xin-Fa 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this work, the apparent-magnitude limited Main galaxy sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 8 (SDSS DR8) is applied to examine the correlation between u-band luminosity and environment at fixed parameters or for different galaxy families. Statistical results show that the abnormal environmental dependence of u-band luminosity for late-type galaxies and Low Stellar Mass (LSM) galaxies is fairly strong in the redshift range 0.03 ≤ z ≤ 0.09, while that for early-type galaxies, High Stellar Mass (HSM) galaxies, red galaxies, and blue galaxies is very weak in nearly all redshift bins. The result of this study further demonstrates that color is indeed fundamental in correlations between galaxy properties and the environment and that much of the u-band luminosity–density relation is likely due to the relation between color and density.
Impact of Rice Flour Cold‐Water‐Soluble Fraction Removal on Gelatinization and Pasting Properties
Authors: Jiao Guiai , Wei Xiangjin , Shao Gaoneng , Xie Lihong , Sheng Zhonghua , Tang Shaoqing , Hu Peisong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe influence of the cold‐water‐soluble fraction on gelatinization and pasting properties of rice flour was investigated. The cold‐water‐soluble fraction was removed by water extraction under room temperature. The gelatinization properties of untreated and treated flour were analyzed with a differential scanning calorimeter, and pasting profiles were measured with a rapid viscosity analyzer. The removal of the cold‐water‐soluble fraction resulted in the formation of a loosened starch granule structure, a morphological alteration of protein bodies, a markedly lower gelatinization temperature, and a significantly higher pasting enthalpy. The impact on paste viscosity followed different trends. In some cultivars that had lower endogenous amylase activity, the paste viscosity was greatly reduced by the removal of the cold‐water‐soluble fraction. In others, the higher level of endogenous amylase activity led to more soluble saccharides being released through starch hydrolysis. Removing the soluble fraction caused a remarkable increase in peak viscosity. The overall effect on paste viscosity of removing the cold‐water‐soluble fraction was attributed to multiple factors, involving loosening of the starch granule structure, alteration of morphology of protein bodies, and the release of saccharides by endogenous amylase activity.
A First Generation Heterobasidion Hybrid Discovered in Larix lyalli in Montana
Authors: Lockman B. , Mascheretti S. , Schechter S. , Garbelotto M. 
Published: February 2014

On September 25, 2010, a wood sample was collected from an entirely decayed root ball of an alpine larch (Larix lyallii Parl.), 10 cm in diameter at breast height, recently downed, but still green. No attempts were made to determine whether the decay progressed into the stem. The discovery occurred in a stand in the Bitterroot Mountains, south of Darby, Montana (elev. 2,530 m; 45.893528° N, 114.278322° W). Several adjacent alpine larches were either dead or displayed thin crowns, and an old Heterobasidion basidiocarp was found on the decayed root ball of a neighboring dead tree, suggesting the presence of a root disease pocket. The stand is mature and composed of alpine larch, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), and a few subalpine firs (Abies lasiocarpa (Hooker) Nuttall), but only larches were symptomatic. No stumps were visible, and the site is in a designated wilderness area characterized by minimal forest management. Wood chips displaying a white rot with bleached speckles were plated on 2% malt agar, and cultures displaying the typical Heterobasidion anamorph (Spiniger meineckellus) were visible after 7 days. DNA was extracted from two distinct cultures, and the sequences of three nuclear loci, namely the internal transcribed spacer, the elongation factor 1-alpha, and the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were analyzed. The sequence of the mitochondrial ATPase was also sequenced. All loci were amplified using the primers indicated in Linzer et al. (2). Sequences of all three nuclear loci (GenBank Accession Nos. KF811480 to 82) unequivocally indicated both isolates to be first generation hybrids between H. irregulare (Underw.) Garbel. & Otrosina and H. occidentale Otrosina & Garbel. Cumulatively, sequences were heterozygous at over 40 positions in all three loci, and for the presence of two indels (one in ITS, one in EF 1-alpha). Polymorphisms and indels indicated alleles from both species were present in these heterokaryotic (ploidy n+n) isolates. The mitochondrial ATPase (KF811483 to 84) indicated instead the cytoplasm belonged to H. occidentale, suggesting that species was the first to be established in the infected tree and was either dikaryotized by a basidiopsore of the other species, or subject to nuclear re-assortment through di-mon mating with a genotype of H. irregulare. This is the first report of a Heterobasidion sp. in L. lyalli, and it is the second report of a natural Heterobasidion hybrid in North America (1). This finding indicates Alpine larch may be a host for both Heterobasidion species, as described for pine stumps in California (1). Thus, this conifer may have provided a substrate for the hybridization and interspecific gene introgression documented to have occurred before stumps were generated in high frequency by modern forestry practices (2). References: (1) M. Garbelotto et al. Phytopathology 86:543, 1996. (2) R. Linzer et al. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46:844, 2008.
Novel compound heterozygous mutation in LAMC2 genes (c.79G>A and 382insT) in Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Jeon In Kyung , Kim Song‐Ee , Kim Soo‐Chan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractJunctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a heritable blistering skin disease characterized by separation within the lamina lucida. It is caused by mutations in the LAMA3, LAMB3 and LAMC2 genes encoding the α3‐, β3‐ and γ2‐chains, respectively, of laminin‐332. JEB Herlitz type (JEB‐H) is a lethal blistering disease with severe cutaneous and extracutaneous involvements caused by null mutations in the gene encoding laminin‐332. Here, we report a proband with JEB‐H who is a compound heterozygote for two novel mutations in LAMC2; a missense mutation (c.79G>A) and an insertion mutation (382insT) leading to a premature termination codon.
Topical valproic acid increases the hair count in male patients with androgenetic alopecia: A randomized, comparative, clinical feasibility study using phototrichogram analysis
Authors: Jo Seong Jin , Shin Hyoseung , Park Young Woon , Paik Seung Hwan , Park Won Seok , Jeong Yeon Su , Shin Hong Ju , Kwon Ohsang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractValproic acid (VPA), a widely used anticonvulsant, inhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3β and activates the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, which is associated with hair growth cycle and anagen induction. To assess the efficacy of topical VPA for treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA), we performed a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Male patients with moderate AGA underwent treatment with either VPA (sodium valproate, 8.3%) or placebo spray for 24 weeks. The primary end‐point for efficacy was the change in hair count during treatment, which was assessed by phototrichogram analysis. Of the 40 patients enrolled in the study, 27 (n = 15, VPA group; n = 12, placebo group) completed the entire protocol with good compliance. No statistical differences in age, hair loss duration and total hair count at baseline were found between the groups. The mean change in total hair count was significantly higher in the VPA group than in the placebo group (P = 0.047). Both groups experienced mostly mild and self‐limited adverse events, but their differences in prevalence rates were similar between the two groups (P = 0.72). A subject treated with topical VPA developed ventricular tachycardia, but it did not seem to be related to the VPA spray. Topical VPA increased the total hair counts of our patients; therefore, it is a potential treatment option for AGA.
Interactions among herbivory, climate, topography and plant age shape riparian willow dynamics in northern Yellowstone National Park, USA
Authors: Marshall Kristin N. , Cooper David J. , Hobbs N. Thompson 
Published: February 2014

Summary

Understanding how the environmental context modifies the strength of trophic interactions within food webs forms a central challenge in community ecology.

Here, we demonstrate the necessity of considering the influence of climate, landscape heterogeneity and demographics for understanding trophic interactions in a well‐studied food web in Yellowstone National Park, USA. We studied riparian willow (Salix spp.) establishment and stem growth reconstructed from tree rings on the northern range of Yellowstone over a 30‐year period that included the reintroduction of a top predator, the grey wolf (Canis lupus).

We used climate variables (annual precipitation, stream flow and growing season length), herbivore abundance and landscape descriptors (elevation and topographic wetness index) to predict establishment and growth processes through time before and after the reintroduction of wolves. We fitted Bayesian hierarchical models to establishment data and time series of individual stem heights from 1980 to 2008.

Explaining variability in establishment required models with stream flow, annual precipitation and elk abundance.

Climate, trophic and landscape covariates interacted with stem age to determine stem height and growth rate through time. Growth rates of most stems ages (2+) declined after the reintroduction of wolves. However, stem growth rates naturally declined with age, and the decline we observed was coincident with faster growth rates for the youngest stems. Mean stem heights at age have remained relatively stable through time for most age classes. Estimated effects of landscape topography had approximately the same magnitude of effect on stem growth rate at age as elk abundance.

Synthesis. We show that the effects of modification of a food web cannot be predicted by studying trophic dynamics in isolation. No single driver explained patterns of willow establishment and growth over the past three decades in Yellowstone. Instead, interactions among trophic forces, interannual climate variability and landscape topography together shaped how the ecosystem responded to perturbations. Top‐down effects of ungulates on riparian woody vegetation must be considered in the context of plant age, and climate and landscape heterogeneity.
Rebels Without a Pause: Hip‐hop and Resistance in the City
Authors: Lamotte Martin 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAt the outset of the 1970s, with the city of New York deep in financial crisis, the Bronx was the scene of violent conflict between rival gangs. In 1971, however, the South Bronx gangs came together to sign a truce. Afrika Bambaataa, a young warlord from the Black Spade gang, emerged as a peacemaker. In 1975 he created his own organization, the Universal Zulu Nation, which brought together the four components of hip‐hop culture (DJing, MCing, Bboying and graffiti). Bambaataa organized the first block parties, informal gatherings where DJs illegally ran sound systems off the municipal power supply. The block parties catalysed the South Bronx youth, for a time contributing to a more peaceful gang culture. Using the resistance paradigm, and Cornel West's substantial conception of cultural democracy, this essay questions whether hip‐hop engages and potentially challenges American democracy in creating an autonomous space for putting citizenship into practice. The essay concludes by arguing firstly that hip‐hop can be seen as a hidden transcript emerging from places of exclusion, and secondly that its diffusion is inscribed in struggles for space in the city.
Hip‐hop and Urban Studies
Authors: Jaffe Rivke 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHow can urban studies research engage fruitfully with hip‐hop? This contribution responds to the essays by David Beer and Martin Lamotte on ‘street music’, urban ethnography and ghettoized communities. It discusses how a social science engagement with hip‐hop texts might differ from cultural studies approaches, and how the study of hip‐hop culture can contribute to social movements studies. The essay argues that academics can utilize this form of ‘urban’ culture in various ways when undertaking urban research, teaching urban studies and engaging a broader public in academic research.
Viability and Resistance of Lactobacilli Isolated from Cocoa Fermentation to Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestive Steps in Soy Yogurt
Authors: Saito V.S.T. , dos Santos T.F. , Vinderola C.G. , Romano C. , Nicoli J.R. , Araújo L.S. , Costa M.M. , Andrioli J.L. , Uetanabaro A.P.T. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTo study the potential probiotic characteristics such as decrease of pH, microbial viability, and tolerance to simulated digestive steps of fermented soy beverage (“soy yogurt”) produced with lactobacilli isolated from cocoa fermentation (Lactobacillus fermentum TcUESC01 and Lactobacillus plantarum TcUESC02) during fermentation and refrigerated storage. The sensory acceptance of the yogurts was also tested. Samples of soy yogurt produced with L. fermentum TcUESC01 or L. plantarum TcUESC02 were collected during fermentation (0, 4, 8, and 12 h) and refrigerated storage (1, 9, 18, and 27 d), and submitted to pH and bacterial viability determinations. Tolerance to simulated digestion steps was done with refrigerated storage samples at 9 °C. Simulated digestion was performed in 3 successive steps: exposure to pepsin‐HCl solution, bile shock, and simulated small intestinal juice. During storage, a decrease in pH and lactobacillus viability was observed. L. fermentum TcUESC01 showed to be more resistant than L. plantarum TcUESC02 to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. All soy yogurts showed acceptable hedonic scores (greater than 5 in a 9‐point hedonic scale ranging from “like extremely” to “dislike extremely”) in sensory evaluation for flavor, aroma, color, consistency, and overall impression. L. plantarum TcUESC02 and, especially, L. fermentum TcUESC01 showed potential probiotic characteristics when considering pH, cell viability, and tolerance to simulated digestive steps and did not affect the sensory characteristics when supplemented to soy yogurt during storage.