bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3721: Rapid widening of age and race health disparities in prostate cancer outcomes within the United States, 1973-2014
Authors: Lawrence Richard J. , Urban Damien , Golan Talia , Saad Akram , Berger Raanan , Leibowitz-Amit Raya , Bar Jair , Den Robert , Goldstein Jeffrey , Symon Zvi 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Little is known concerning how cancer-outcome disparities have changed over time. We investigated how age and race disparities in prostate cancer (PCa) survival have changed in the USA over the last 40 years.
Methods
We utilized the SEER database to track PCa outcomes. Incl. criteria: subjects with PCa diagnosed 1973 - 2008, aged 50-89 yrs. Excl. criteria: multiple primary cancers, unknown stage.
Results
658,916 PCa patients were analyzed. Median follow up for alive patients was 54m (interquart. range 39-75m). Median age of diagnosis decreased from 73 to 60 yrs from 1973 to 2008, and the proportion aged &gt; = 70 yrs decreased from 62% to 40%. The proportion diagnosed with metastatic disease decreased from 18% to 4%; likewise amongst those with M0 disease the proportion with T3-4 decreased from 41% to 17%. The remainder of the results are confined to M0 disease. Four-year cancer specific death decreased progressively for all age groups. But whereas 4 year cancer specific mortality dropped from 24% to 3% in those aged 50-54, it only decreased from 38% to 18% in those aged 85-89. Whereas the hazard ratio (HR) for cancer-specific death for those aged 85-89 (50-54 year old subjects reference group) was 1.6 in 1973-9, in 2000-8 it was 10.9 (table). The widening age disparities were only marginally altered by incorporation of ‘tumor stage’ into the model. Similar widening age disparities were seen in metastatic disease. Race-related disparities also widened over the study period; the HR for death increasing from 1.1 (1973-79) to 1.3 (2000-8).
Hazard ratios for prostate cancer-specific death stratified by year of diagnosis, stage M0Age1973-91980-91990-92000-950-4111155-91.11.01.11.060-41.11.11.51.265-91.11.11.81.670-41.21.22.22.375-91.21.32.93.580-41.41.53.86.185-91.61.75.010.9
Conclusions
Age- and Race- related health disparities in survival outcomes in both metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer have greatly widened over the past 40 years; this effect appears to be accelerating and is not explained by delayed diagnosis. Since outcome disparities have grown against a backdrop of improved screening, diagnosis and treatment, it appears that measures targeted at these populations will be needed in order to redress the imbalance.
Citation Format: Richard J. Lawrence, Damien Urban, Talia Golan, Akram Saad, Raanan Berger, Raya Leibowitz-Amit, Jair Bar, Robert Den, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zvi Symon. Rapid widening of age and race health disparities in prostate cancer outcomes within the United States, 1973-2014. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3721. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3721
Abstract 373: Analytical and clinical validation of an EpCAM-independent assay for CTC detection in peripheral blood of early breast cancer patients based on Cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) RT-qPCR
Authors: Strati Areti , Markou Athina , Stathopoulou Aliki , Apostolaki Stella , Mavroudis Dimitris , Georgoulias Vasilis , Lianidou Evi S. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of our previously developed EpCAM independent RT-qPCR assay for CK-19 mRNA (Stathopoulou et al, Int J Cancer 2006) and validate its analytical and clinical performance in early breast cancer.
Methods: Quality control on analytical sensitivity and specificity, linearity, intra- and inter-assay reproducibility, and stability of the external standard used for the preparation of the calibration curves was performed. Reproducibility of the assay between our labs was evaluated by analyzing 26 cDNAs. The prognostic significance of the assay in respect to DFI and OS was evaluated by analysing peripheral blood of 179 patients with stage I/II breast cancer postoperatively, before the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Results: The limit of detection (LOD) is 3 copies/reaction and limit of Quantitation (LOQ) 10 copies/reaction. The linear range of the calibration curve was 10-105copies/reaction and the intra- and inter-assay reproducibility are shown below:
CK19 transcriptsReproducibility of the assay (n = 3)copies/reactionIntra-assay RSD (%)Inter-assay RSD (%)101.973.151020.932.241030.450.861040.122.581050.11.52
The inter-lab reproducibility of the assay was evaluated by analyzing 26 cDNA samples in both labs and there was a 100% concordance. During the follow up period (8 years) 32/179 (17.9%) patients relapsed and 18/179 (10%) patients died from the disease. 45/179 (25.1%) samples were found positive for CK-19 and 134/179 (74.9%) negative. In the group of CK-19 positive patients 15/45(33.3%) relapsed and 9/45(20.0%) died while in the group of CK-19 negative patients 17(12.7%) patients relapsed and 9(6.7%) died. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CK-19 mRNA positivity was significantly associated with DFI (P = 0.014) and OS (P = 0.051).
Conclusions: This EpCAM independent assay can be used for a high-throughput detection of CTCs in peripheral blood and has prognostic significance in early breast cancer.
Citation Format: Areti Strati, Athina Markou, Aliki Stathopoulou, Stella Apostolaki, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vasilis Georgoulias, Evi S. Lianidou. Analytical and clinical validation of an EpCAM-independent assay for CTC detection in peripheral blood of early breast cancer patients based on Cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) RT-qPCR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 373. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-373
Abstract 3737: Severe obesity and colorectal cancer patient survival
Authors: Daniel Carrie R. , Shu Xiang , Ye Yuanqing , Gu Jian , Raju G. S. , Kopetz Scott , Wu Xifeng 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: More than one-third of all U.S. adults are obese (BMI &gt;30); and 15% of middle-aged adults, the group most commonly diagnosed and treated for colorectal and other cancers, meet the criteria for class II obesity (BMI&gt; = 35). In contrast to the large and consistent body of evidence for obesity and increased colorectal cancer risk, several recent meta-analyses indicate that the association with colorectal patient survival is poorly defined. Some evidence suggests that moderate adiposity may be protective. In a prospective cohort of well-characterized CRC patients, we evaluated class I and class II obesity in relation to 5-year and 10-year survival outcomes.
Methods: Histologically-confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma patients (n = 634) evaluated at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center were followed for a median period of 4 years. We collected epidemiological data through questionnaires and abstracted treatment, anthropometric, and clinicopathologic data from patients’ electronic medical records. Overall survival (OS) and progression/recurrence-free survival (PFS) were calculated from the date of pathologic diagnosis until disease progression, first recurrence, or death. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated in multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographics, lifestyle factors, tumor characteristics, and treatment modality.
Results: We observed a 1.5-fold increased risk of death among class II obese (BMI&gt; = 35), as compared to overweight CRC patients in multivariable-adjusted models. Among patients who reported stable weight and among stage I-III patients, the association between class II obesity and OS was more pronounced [BMI&gt; = 35 vs. BMI 25-29.9 (ref), HR and 95% CI: 3.49 (1.68-7.22) and 2.40 (1.33-4.31), respectively], but no associations were observed among metastatic patients or among patients who experienced recent weight loss. Similar associations were observed with PFS, but few reached statistical significance.
Conclusions: Severe adiposity defined as class II obesity (BMI &gt; = 35) was associated with significantly higher mortality among CRC patients. Clarifying what is not a healthy weight for cancer patients and survivors remains both a clinically relevant and timely concern. Understanding and targeting this relationship may improve long-term outcomes among growing numbers of obese patients and cancer survivors.
Citation Format: Carrie R. Daniel, Xiang Shu, Yuanqing Ye, Jian Gu, G. S. Raju, Scott Kopetz, Xifeng Wu. Severe obesity and colorectal cancer patient survival. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3737. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3737
Abstract 3738: Body mass, weight, and body size and uterine leiomyoma in the Korea Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Lee Ji Eun , Cho Eunyoung , Jang Hee Jung , Jung Heeja , Lee Hea-Young , Kim Su , Kim Ok Soo 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Body mass and body size may influence uterine leiomyoma development in Asian populations.
Methods: We examined the associations of body mass index, weight change, and childhood, adolescent or current body size with history of uterine leiomyoma in the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. History of uterine leiomyoma and anthropometric factors were assessed through self-administered questionnaires. We included only women who had experienced pregnancies to avoid detection bias. As a result, a total of 5670 women were included and 560 women reported that they had uterine leiomyoma. The median age of women was 38 years. We calculated odds ratios(OR)s and 95% confidence interval (95% CI)s adjusted for potential risk factors for uterine leiomyoma.
Results: Current body mass index was associated with higher odds of having uterine leiomyomas; multivariate OR (95% CI) was 1.52(1.03-2.25; P for trend = 0.003) comparing ≥27.5 with 18.5-23 kg/m2. Body size in adulthood was associated with increased odds of having uterine leiomyomas (P for trend = 0.002), whereas childhood or adolescent body size was not. Also, women with greater change in body weight since the first year of college tended to have higher odds of having uterine leiomyomas, compared to those whose weight had been stable.
Conclusion: We found that body mass and weight gain in adulthood were associated with increased odds of having uterine leiomyoma in Korean women, but body mass in early life was not.
Citation Format: Jung Eun Lee, Ji Eun Lee, Eunyoung Cho, Hee Jung Jang, Heeja Jung, Hea-Young Lee, Su Kim, Ok Soo Kim. Body mass, weight, and body size and uterine leiomyoma in the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3738. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3738
Abstract 3742: The influence of masculinity, racism, and social support on colorectal cancer screening uptake among African American men: A systematic review
Authors: Rogers Charles R. , Mitchell Jamie A. , Franta Gabriel J. , Foster Margaret J. , Shires Deirde 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is both preventable and highly treatable, yet incidence and mortality rates are 25% and 50% higher among African American men compared to their white counterparts. This disproportionate burden places African American men last among all racial/ethnic groups of both genders for age-adjusted CRC mortality rates and five-year survival rates. These disparities are well documented, yet preventive screening completion among African American men is relatively low, understudied, and poorly explicated. A growing body of literature indicates that separately, masculinity, racism, and social support are strong influences on CRC screening uptake.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review with the purpose of identifying and synthesizing the connections between extant literature on the associations between masculinity, racism, social support, and CRC screening completion. Utilizing Garrard's Matrix Method, 19 studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria; and the methodological quality of the reviewed evidence was assessed.
CONCLUSIONS: Thirteen studies employed non-experimental research designs; a quasi-experimental design was present in four, and two utilized experimental designs. Studies were published between 2000 and 2014; the majority within five years. Preliminary qualitative synthesis suggests that social support was most frequently addressed (79%), while masculinity and racism were equally examined (11%) for their influence on CRC screening. After evaluating the conceptual and methodological characteristics of included studies, 42% fell below average in quality and rigor. The need for increased attention to the sociocultural correlates of CRC screening for African American men are highlighted in this systematic review, and important recommendations for research and practice are provided.
Citation Format: Charles R. Rogers, Jamie A. Mitchell, Gabriel J. Franta, Margaret J. Foster, Deirde Shires. The influence of masculinity, racism, and social support on colorectal cancer screening uptake among African American men: A systematic review. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3742. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3742
Abstract 3749: Uses and update for CellMiner, a tool for access to and comparison of molecular data and pharmacological response for the NCI-60
Authors: Reinhold William C. , Sunshine Margot , Varma Sudir , Rajapakse Vinodh , Doroshow James , Morris Joel , Pmmier Yves 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Integration and understanding of genomic and proteomic data and their relationships with and influences on pharmacology have become key components of cancer research and its translation to therapeutics. Nonetheless, multiple significant obstacles need to be overcome for both their integration and understanding. The NCI-60 cancerous cell lines provide a premier opportunity in this area due to the scope and quality of the available data. CellMiner (http://discover.nci.nih.gov/cellminer) is a web-application that allows the user to rapidly access data for relative levels of transcript expression for 25,772 genes, genetic variants for 16,568 genes, transcript expression for 360 microRNAs, protein levels for 94 genes, and DNA copy number (from aCGH) for 23,413 genes. In addition, it provides concentration-response activities for 20,002 compounds including 114 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, 55 clinical trial, and 349 known mechanism-of-action drugs. Here we present our latest CellMiner update along with examples of data integration that provide enhanced understanding in the systems biological sense. Included in the tool updates are i) the upcoming “Protein mean value” cell line signature tool, ii) the recently introduced “Gene DNA copy number” tool, iii) introduction of the “Cross-correlations of transcripts, microRNAs, and drugs” tool, iv) the provision of additional forms of data in the standard output for the “Pattern comparisons” tool, and v) upgrades of the “Genetic variant versus drug visualization” tool allowing the user to query for all drugs significantly correlated to genomic variants for the whole human genome (or visa versa). Examples of data integration will include SLFN11 expression versus the activities of DNA-damaging drugs, RAS activation considering three forms of molecular data, and PTEN knockdown and pharmacological connection (also using three forms of molecular data). The data and tools are or shortly will be publicly available at CellMiner.
Citation Format: William C. Reinhold, Margot Sunshine, Sudir Varma, Vinodh Rajapakse, James Doroshow, Joel Morris, Yves Pmmier. Uses and update for CellMiner, a tool for access to and comparison of molecular data and pharmacological response for the NCI-60. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3749. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3749
Abstract 3760: Modeling spatial tumor growth as seen in clinical and radiological observations
Authors: Viger Louise , Draghi Clément , Denis Fabrice , Letellier Christophe 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Aim:
Predicting tumour growth is a key issue in oncology for which correctly understanding underlying mechanisms is required. In order to do that, we developed a spatio-temporal mathematical model at tissue level for tumorigenesis. Our model is based on a set of four differential equations describing interactions between host, immune, tumour and endothelial cells that we recently developed for a single site. This model is spontaneously able to reproduce angiogenic switch and metastatic phenotype.
Method:
The present work is devoted to an extension onto a spatial two-dimensional Euclidean grid in which each site corresponds to approximatively ten thousand square micrometers and contains about one hundred cells. Only tumour cells can diffuse from one site to one of its eight nearest neighbors, thus corresponding to a partial differential equation with an isotropic Laplacian operator for tumour cell diffusion. Initial conditions are such as a single site located in the center of the grid contains tumour cells (all the other are tumour cells free). The tumour growth is thus obtained by integrating the differential equations using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme.
Results:
Since we explicitly considered endothelial cells, our simulations can reproduce avascular as well as vascular tumour growth. We thus obtained round tumour until its diameter reaches two millimeters. Larger tumours are progressively deformed according to the nutrient gradient in the tissue: quiescent and necrotic zones are thus obtained as a function of tumour radius and micro-environment. Shaping our grid for reproducing lung anatomic, we were able to reproduce tumour growth constrained by the presence of anatomical structures such as bronchi.
Conclusion:
The structure of the so-obtained tumour is equivalent to those observed in patient using diagnosis imaging; our spatio-temporal model for tumour growth thus provides tumour growth in agreement with clinical and radiological observations.
Citation Format: Louise Viger, Clément Draghi, Fabrice Denis, Christophe Letellier. Modeling spatial tumor growth as seen in clinical and radiological observations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3760. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3760
Abstract 377: EpCAM+ and EpCAM- circulating tumor cells in metastatic lung cancer
Authors: de Wit Sanne , van Dalum Guus , Lenferink Aufried T.M. , Tibbe Arjan G.J. , Hiltermann Jeroen T.N. , Groen Harry J.M. , van Rijn Cees , Terstappen Leon W.M.M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Purpose: The presence of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in metastatic carcinomas detected by CellSearch is associated with poor outcome. CellSearch uses an enrichment step based on the EpCAM antibody and enumerates CTC using antibodies targeting specific cytokeratins. Here we investigate the presence and role of CTC not detected by CellSearch in lung cancer patients.
Methods: Blood discarded by CellSearch after EpCAM based enrichment was collected and enriched for CTC by filtration through microsieves and enumerated after fluorescent labeling. Additional anti-cytokeratin antibodies were added to the CellSearch test to increase the cytokeratin coverage. This approach was validated using different cell lines spiked into blood and tested on blood samples of 28 metastatic lung cancer patients.
Results: The majority of spiked EpCAM+ cells could be detected with CellSearch whereas few cells were detected with low or no EpCAM expression (EpCAM-). Recovery of cells on microsieves depended strongly on cell size. One or more CTC were detected in 39% of the patient samples, this increased to 75% when adding the CTC detected in the discarded blood and to 82% with the use of additional cytokeratin antibodies. Presence of CTC was significantly associated with poor Overall Survival (OS) when detected by CellSearch without (p = 0.004) and with additional cytokeratins (p = 0.007), but not with EpCAM-CTC in the blood discarded by CellSearch (p = 0.271) or all CTC detected (p = 0.354)
Conclusions: Expanding the cytokeratin coverage and including EpCAM-CTC, double the number of patients with CTC and the number of CTC detected with CellSearch. In contrast with EpCAM+ CTC, the presence of EpCAM-CTC in this group of patients was not associated with poor OS. The metastatic lung cancer patients included in this study were very diverse with respect to cancer type, line of therapy and quite small in numbers to make any definitive conclusions. Still, this pilot study warrants a larger study to confirm the findings. In addition an in-depth characterization of the EpCAM+ and EpCAM-CTC is needed to confirm that the EpCAM-, panCK+ CTC are indeed tumor cells and unravel the genetic difference with the EpCAM+, panCK+ CTC.
Citation Format: Sanne de Wit, Guus van Dalum, Aufried T.M. Lenferink, Arjan G.J. Tibbe, Jeroen T.N. Hiltermann, Harry J.M. Groen, Cees van Rijn, Leon W.M.M. Terstappen. EpCAM+ and EpCAM- circulating tumor cells in metastatic lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 377. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-377