bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and first aid measures in pediatric burn patients in northern China during 2016–2020: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Liu Tian , Qu Yirui , Chai Jiake , Liu Xiangyu , Hu Fangchao , Zhang Dongliang , Duan Hongjie , Chi Yunfei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsBurn and scald injuries are the fourth most common type of trauma. Pediatric burns account for a high proportion of the total number of burn patients and impose a high burden on public health. Understanding the epidemiology of pediatric burns can help improve science education and reduce the incidence of burn injuries.MethodsThis study is a single‐center retrospective study. One thousand five hundred and twenty‐seven pediatric burn patients admitted to our burn center from January 2016 to December 2020 were included. Demographic and epidemiological data of included patients were extracted and analyzed. The correlations of categorical data were tested by the Chi‐square tests, and differences of continuous data were tested by the Kruskal–Wallis tests. A p‐value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsThe results showed that children under 3 years of age were most susceptible to burn and scald injuries. Burn injuries were most likely to occur in the season of winter and at the place of home. 56.6% of included patients did receive first aid measures, while 1.8% received gold‐standard first aid. Clinical variables related to the severity of injuries were statistically different between patients with and without cooling measures in first aid. Linear regression models showed that emergency treatment of burns in children and adolescents was associated with outcome indicators, including number of operations, total operation duration per total burn surface area (TBSA), cost per TBSA, and length of stay per TBSA.ConclusionsThis study summarized the epidemiology and outcomes of pediatric burn patients admitted to a burn center in northern China. Adopting cooling measures in first aid can reduce the severity of injuries and reduce the burden on the medical system. Education on burn prevention and first aid measures to caregivers of children, especially preschool children, should be strengthened.
Unsteady flow past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate in presence of thermal stratification and chemical reaction
Authors: Kalita Nitul , Kumar Himangshu , Nath Rupam Shankar , Deka Rudra Kanta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze how thermal stratification affects fluid movement past an impulsively initiated infinite upright plate when first‐order chemical reactions are present. Laplace's transform method is applied to achieve a closed‐form solution for the nondimensional governing equations when . The formula , where t is the time and s is a parameter, can be used to obtain the Laplace transform of an exponentially ordered piece‐wise continuous function . The unstable flow past an infinite vertical plate, starting abruptly in the presence of heat stratification and chemical reactions, has never been studied before. The research focuses on the combined impact of thermal stratification and chemical processes on the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over an indefinitely tall plate. In this study, the significant findings that resulted from heat stratification are compared to the condition in which heat stratification is absent. The impacts of a number of parameters, such as are investigated and visually displayed with respect to the following variables: concentration, velocity, shear stress, rate of heat transfer, temperature, and rate of mass transfer. It is demonstrated that applying stratification increases the frequency of oscillation in shear stress and heat transfer rate. The results obtained can be useful in the design of heat exchangers and other engineering applications.
Internal heat source in the vadose zone: A comprehensive exploration through theoretical spectral analysis and practical application into thermal diffusivity and hydraulic flux in a Quaternary soil water layer
Authors: Shih David Ching‐Fang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis groundbreaking study introduces a scientifically robust method for assessing internal heat generation in shallow, unsaturated aquifers, highlighting the intricate interplay between internal heat, thermal diffusivity, and hydraulic flux. The research pioneers a novel approach employing time‐frequency spectral analysis to address challenges posed by conventional methods that rely solely on prescribed thermal diffusivity and hydraulic flux for evaluating internal heat over time. Rooted in a solid theoretical framework supported by meticulous temperature and heat flux observations, the method adeptly incorporates the concept of an unknown internal heat. The study systematically explores three distinct boundary conditions, showcasing versatility: one with fixed temperatures at the inlet and outlet, another with known temperature at the inlet and no heat flux at the outlet, and a third with a prescribed inlet temperature and constrained outlet heat flux. The estimation of internal heat, coupled with prescribed thermal diffusivity and hydraulic flux, harnesses in‐situ temperature and heat flux spectra through an innovative inverse stochastic spectral approach. A notable feature of this research lies in its ability to strategically handle various parameters, including prescribed thermal diffusivity, hydraulic flux, variations in target depth, significant frequency components, and boundary conditions. The variation assessment findings emphasize the diverse range when predicting internal heat generation based on prescribed thermal diffusivity and hydraulic flux. This study facilitates the determination of potential internal heat magnitudes at different depths and provides profound insights into in‐situ conditions within the vadose zone.
Investigating hydrological recovery in regenerating coniferous stands in snow‐dominated watersheds using simultaneous localization and mapping‐enabled mobile terrestrial LiDAR
Authors: Potter Cydne R. , Green Kim C. , Peters Daniel L. , Niemann K. Olaf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe return of snow accumulation and ablation processes in regenerating forests to pre‐disturbance conditions, collectively referred to as hydrological recovery, has been investigated in past decades through manual snow surveys in adjacent open, juvenile, and mature stands. The outcomes of such studies provide a general understanding of hydrological recovery but lack transferability to areas where stand structure and terrain conditions differ from the reference sites. The application of mobile terrestrial LiDAR to investigate peak snow water equivalent (SWE) and ablation rates beneath regenerating trees in a space‐for‐time substitution study design provides new insights on the process of hydrological recovery in snowmelt forests of British Columbia, Canada. Outcomes of this study better quantify the influence of tree growth on peak SWE and ablation rate at both the tree and stand level for north aspect mixed conifer stands. Recovery of these two processes differ with recovery of Peak SWE beginning when the trees in a stand reach 3 m in height and recovery of ablation rates beginning once trees reach 5 m in height. Additionally, the process of negative ablation recovery in early juvenile stands reported in previous studies is herein clearly observed, providing an improved understanding of forest canopy effects on hydrological recovery in juvenile stands. The methods used in this study, which are internationally applicable, increase transferability of outcomes to stands where canopy characteristics (i.e., height, crown cover, and heterogeneity) are not represented in reference sites.
Pre‐diagnostic plasma advanced glycation end‐products and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end‐products and mortality in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Li Jinze , Roshelli Baker Jacqueline , Aglago Elom K. , Zhao Zhiwei , Jiao Li , Freisling Heinz , Hughes David J. , Eriksen Anne Kirstine , Tjønneland Anne , Severi Gianluca , Katzke Verena , Kaaks Rudolf , Schulze Matthias B. , Masala Giovanna , Pala Valeria , Pasanisi Fabrizio , Tumino Rosario , Padroni Lisa , Vermeulen Roel C. H. , Gram Inger T. , Braaten Tonje , Jakszyn Paula Gabriela , Sánchez Maria‐José , Gómez‐Gómez Jesús‐Humberto , Moreno‐Iribas Conchi , Amiano Pilar , Papier Keren , Weiderpass Elisabete , Huybrechts Inge , Heath Alicia K. , Schalkwijk Casper , Jenab Mazda , Fedirko Veronika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdvanced glycation end‐products (AGEs), formed endogenously or obtained exogenously from diet, may contribute to chronic inflammation, intracellular signaling alterations, and pathogenesis of several chronic diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of AGEs in CRC survival is less known. The associations of pre‐diagnostic circulating AGEs and their soluble receptor (sRAGE) with CRC‐specific and overall mortality were estimated using multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression among 1369 CRC cases in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Concentrations of major plasma AGEs, Nε‐[carboxy‐methyl]lysine (CML), Nε‐[carboxy‐ethyl]lysine (CEL) and Nδ‐[5‐hydro‐5‐methyl‐4‐imidazolon‐2‐yl]‐ornithine (MG‐H1), were measured using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography mass‐spectrometry. sRAGE was assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Over a mean follow‐up period of 96 months, 693 deaths occurred of which 541 were due to CRC. Individual and combined AGEs were not statistically significantly associated with CRC‐specific or overall mortality. However, there was a possible interaction by sex for CEL (Pinteraction = .05). Participants with higher sRAGE had a higher risk of dying from CRC (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.21–2.30, Ptrend = .02) or any cause (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.05–1.83, Ptrend = .09). These associations tended to be stronger among cases with diabetes (Pinteraction = .03) and pre‐diabetes (Pinteraction <.01) before CRC diagnosis. Pre‐diagnostic AGEs were not associated with CRC‐specific and overall mortality in individuals with CRC. However, a positive association was observed for sRAGE. Our findings may stimulate further research on the role of AGEs and sRAGE in survival among cancer patients with special emphasis on potential effect modifications by sex and diabetes.
SARS‐CoV‐2 genome detection and viral viability in breast milk samples of unvaccinated postpartum women
Authors: Nobrega Guilherme de Moraes , Granja Fabiana , Pietro Luciana , Ribeiro‐do‐Valle Carolina Carvalho , Amorim Mariene Ribeiro , Forato Julia , Metelus Sherly , Silveira Carla , Souza Renato Teixeira , Cecatti José Guilherme , Proenca‐Modena José Luiz , Costa Maria Laura 
Published: July 2024

SynopsisThis assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2 in breast milk is reassuring for the maintenance of breastfeeding even in cases of infected pregnant women unvaccinated for COVID‐19.
New perspectives on fighting violence against women
Authors: Kumari S. Shantha , Sohail Rubina , Benagiano Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGender‐based violence (GBV) and, more specifically, violence against women (VAW) are commonly considered a consequence of a patriarchal structure—a social system granting the senior male absolute authority over the family and the community as a whole. Anthropologists have documented that human male dominance is rooted in evolution, with male violent behavior observed among the great apes. Given that evolution is a continuous process, human progress over millennia has modified pre‐existing behavior, demonstrating that humans can move beyond ancestral ways of life over time. Precisely because of the imperative to change and improve, at the global international level as well as in individual countries, strong movements are in action to eliminate GBV/VAW. FIGO has been and continues to be at the forefront of the battle for equality, with initiatives that cover many aspects of this, including the imperative to involve men, who—in the majority of cases—are the perpetrators. Since men are often the root of the problem, they must also be at the forefront of the battle to eradicate it. GBV/VAW comprises many facets, including selective female abortion, infanticide, femicide, honor killing, female genital mutilation, and child marriage. These deeply rooted forms of violence continue to perpetuate gender inequalities, remain major obstacles to health and societal progress, and violate the most basic human rights.
“I would love for teachers to teach in a way that relates to my culture”: African immigrant youth composing digital collages
Authors: Boateng Sandra , Watson Vaughn W. M. , Berends Joel , Hateka Dominic 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe share digital collages composed by youth in Lit Diaspora, a community‐based after‐school literacy initiative involving Black African immigrant youth and adult collaborators, as one contemporary example of rendering visible the contours of the educational lives of African immigrant youth, among the fastest growing immigrant communities in the U.S. We do so amid anti‐Black, anti‐immigrant discourse and policy in schools, workplaces, and society in the U.S. and globally. Thus, in framing our inquiry, we examine how educators and researchers, attending to the varied diaspora digital literacies and educational experiences of African immigrant youth: talk back to deficit narratives of their lived schooling experiences; navigate literacy learning across contexts of families and elders; demonstrate social and civic literacies that extend youth's identities; and affirm cultural and embodied knowledge, language, and practices.
Predictive value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography for the early diagnosis of renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Rong , Li Yini , Tang Bin , Luo Zhijian , Li Mingxing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the changes in renal cortical microperfusion and quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) parameters after kidney transplantation, and to determine the evidence‐based value of CEUS in predicting renal dysfunction.MethodsThe Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies published from 2000 to 2023 on the use of CEUS to assess the renal cortical microcirculation after kidney transplantation. Subject terms and related keywords were combined, and a meta‐analysis and systematic review were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.ResultsThe search yielded six studies involving 451 patients with moderate to high overall quality. The peak intensity (standardized mean difference [SMD]: −0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.13 to −0.15,p = 0.01) of CEUS was significantly lower in patients with renal dysfunction than in those with stable renal function. However, the time to peak (SMD: 0.28, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.52,p = 0.02) was significantly shorter in patients with renal dysfunction than in those with stable renal function. The total renal cortical microperfusion and renal cortical perfusion intensity were decreased, and the perfusion time was prolonged, in patients with renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation.ConclusionCEUS parameters can reflect real‐time changes in renal cortical microperfusion, thus providing a basis for the early diagnosis of renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation.
Enhancing phosphorus availability in biochar: Comparing sulfuric acid treatment to biological acidification approaches
Authors: Kopp Clara , Regueiro Iria , Stoumann‐Jensen Lars , Müller‐Stöver Dorette , Fangueiro David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of sulfuric acid (SA) to acidify biochars is known to enhance their phosphorus (P) fertilizer value. Potentially, biological approaches such as lowering the pH of biochar by lactic acid co‐fermentation or applying biochar with a nitrification inhibitor (NI) to reduce rhizosphere pH are an alternative to SA.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the two methods for increasing plant P availability from two biochars and compare them with SA‐treated biochars (as a reference) in a pot experiment.MethodsMeat and bone meal biochar (MB‐C) and digestate solids biochar (DS‐C) were bio‐acidified (BA) by lactic acid fermentation with organic waste. The untreated, SA‐treated, BA biochars, and biochars co‐applied with a NI (3,4‐dimethylpyrazolephosphate) were tested in a pot experiment with maize.ResultsThe fermentation reduced the pH of the organic waste biochar mixtures to <4.3 and increased water‐extractable P (WEP) to 30% of total P. The untreated biochars had a mineral fertilizer replacement value of >50% and SA increased replacement values to ≈100%. The application of NI did not affect rhizosphere pH or P uptake. The BA MB‐C increased soil solution P concentration, but P uptake did not significantly increase. The application of the BA DS‐C raised soil pH and reduced plant P uptake and biomass.ConclusionThe untreated biochars showed considerable P fertilizer effectiveness, suggesting that acidification may not always be necessary. Rhizosphere acidification and the bio‐acidification of biochars were not effective in further increasing P uptake, despite higher levels of WEP.
Effect of carnosine on nitrosamine formation in gastric‐simulated aqueous and lipid environments
Authors: Li Yi Yao , Yaylayan Varoujan , Palin Marie‐France , Ngapo Tania M , Cliche Simon , Gagnon Fleur , Gariépy Claude 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundNitrite salts are frequently utilized as meat additives to improve the quality and safety of processed meat products. However, these salts are associated with the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. Given its potential regulating effect on the formation of intermediate molecules, such as nitric oxide, it is hypothesized that carnosine, a meat constituent possessing antioxidant activity and other multiple health benefits, could dampen the formation of nitrosamines. The current study therefore assessed the effect of carnosine on nitrosamine formation in both a monophasic aqueous system and a biphasic water–lipid system simulating a gastric environment.ResultsIn the monophasic system, relatively high levels of carnosine were required to significantly reduce the formation of different species of nitrosamine compared with the control (no carnosine). While higher levels of some nitrosamines were generated in both phases of the biphasic system, low carnosine concentrations significantly suppressed nitrosamine formation in the aqueous phase, while in the lipid phase, intermediate levels of carnosine were required. At higher carnosine levels, further reduction in nitrosamines was observed in the lipid phase.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the capacity of carnosine to reduce nitrosamine formation in aqueous and lipid environments and suggests the potential of dietary carnosine to lower the risks associated with the consumption of processed meat products. © 2024 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada and The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada.
Modelling generation Z tourists' social responsibility toward environmentally responsible behaviour: The role of eco‐travel cravings
Authors: Chang Jennifer Yee‐Shan , Lim Xin‐Jean , Luo Xi , Cheah Jun‐Hwa , Morrison Alastair M. , Hall C. Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGeneration Z (Gen Z) is believed to be more socially and environmentally committed. While environmentally responsible behaviour is crucial to the success of sustainable tourism, little is known about Gen Z's specific environmental behaviours in tourism settings. In this research, the roles of Gen Z's consumption emotions and environmentally friendly behaviour were explored based on cognitive appraisal and elaborated intrusion theories. The moderation impact of eco‐travel cravings was also examined. With 336 valid responses collected from Gen Z tourists, it was found that destination social responsibility significantly impacted consumption emotions, but only positive emotions had direct effects on environmentally responsible behaviour and environmentally friendly tourism behaviour. The associations of emotions with environmentally responsible behaviour were also moderated by eco‐travel cravings. The results offer theoretical and managerial implications for understanding Gen Z tourists that can help to accomplish sustainable tourism.
Rethinking growth orientation: Do ski‐resorts' strategies fit the profiles of today's alpine skiers?
Authors: Bausch Thomas , Ortanderl Florian , Pröbstl‐Haider Ulrike 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe strategy and marketing of ski resorts in the European Alps are still characterized by growth orientation and the extension of technical snow production to ensure high snow reliability. In contrast, this study hypothesizes that besides a high‐performing ski resort, winter ski vacationists have further expectations for activities during their stay varying by their skiing skill level and personal preferences. The present study surveys 1413 Alpine ski tourists to identify their daily routines, activities, and used ski resort services. The findings uncover significant differences in the activity profiles with six clearly distinguishable guest segments. The results highlight the need for custom‐tailored product development considering the complete set of winter experiences as well as pricing strategies that specifically target the identified segments. Furthermore, the findings underline that ski resort and destination managers need to include daily changes in snow and weather conditions in their strategies considering climate and demographic change.
Eagle syndrome presentation and outcomes in a large surgical case series
Authors: Held Michael E. , Farsi Soroush , Creighton Erin R. Weatherford , Davis Kyle P. , King Deanne L. , Suen James Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to describe both the common and uncommon symptoms associated with Eagle syndrome and share our experience treating a large group of patients with surgical intervention, primarily intraoral excision of the calcified stylohyoid ligament.MethodsThis retrospective case series included 56 patients at least 18 years of age or older with a diagnosis of Eagle syndrome. All operations were conducted by a single surgeon at a tertiary medical center from 2015 to 2022. Charts were reviewed for demographics, prior medical/surgical history, symptoms, imaging results, operative details, and follow‐up history. A phone survey inquired about presenting symptoms and symptom resolution following surgery.ResultsThe most common areas of pain were the ear (64.3%), underneath the angle of the mandible (50%), throat (46.4%), and neck (30.4%). Over 70% of patients reported tinnitus, dysphagia, and pain that were exacerbated by head rotation. Fifty‐one of the 56 patients underwent surgical treatment, 92.2% via intraoral and 7.8% via cervical approaches. All patients (100%) reached in a phone survey stated that their symptoms resolved or improved after surgery.ConclusionEagle syndrome typically presents with common symptoms. However, healthcare providers must also be vigilant for less common manifestations, such as seizures or episodes of dizziness/fainting. These may be caused by calcification of the stylohyoid ligament. Intraoral surgical resection of the calcified ligament is a safe and effective treatment for most patients.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.