bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Pattern Differences of Latent Factors of Quality of Life Depending on Length of Stay in the Northern Region
Authors: Шаламова  , Shalamova E. , Сирусина  , Sirusina Ae. , Сирусина  , Sirusina Ad. , Рагозин  , Ragozin O. 
Published: March 2014

The aim of the study was to examine gender differences in quality of life, depending on length of stay in the Northern region. The object was people who regularly held medical examination. Total number of respondents was 667 people aged 21 to 64 years, among them 281 women and 386 men. All respondents were divided according to the length of residence in the Northern region: 0-5 years, 5-10 years, 10-20 years and more than 20 years. Quality of life was assessed be means of non-specific SF-36 questionnaire. To detect latent factors the method of principal component analysis was used. The probability that the scale is the leading component of quality of life was determined by bootstrap analysis.
With the increase in part-time adaptation to the Northern region of women have their significant dynamics of the physical component of quality of life, where as changes in psychological characteristics are not reliable. Men are more concerned with subjective restriction of the social role of the state of physical and psychological health. In the initial period of adaptation of a relatively high level of quality of life is achieved by activation of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms, the subsequent steps can only be described as stable, because it continues to change the pattern of defining and limiting the quality of life of latent traits, which corresponds to the concept of &#34;incomplete adaptation &#34;.
The Effects of Ammonium Molybdate on Renal Function in the Rats after Parathyreoidectomy
Authors: Меликова  , Melikova E. , Брин  , Brin Vadim 
Published: March 2014

The constant pollution of the environment increases the content of xenobiotics in the air, soil, water and contributes to their entry into the organism. Increased content of molybdenum in the environment has pathogenic effect on the human organism. It is known that the excretion of metals is mainly via the kidney, while the content of the xenobiotics in the urine may have pathogenic effects on renal function. It is of interest to study the renal functions in conditions of inflow metals in the organism.
The aim of this work was to study the effect of experimental hypocalcaemia on uropoisis renal function at the chronic molybdenum intoxication.
Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out on Wistar-rats. Chronic molybdenum intoxication in experimental animals was caused by intragastric injection of ammonium molybdate solution in the dose of 50mg/kg. during 1 month. Experimental hypocalcaemia was created by the parathyroidectomy.
Results. It was noted that when a stand-alone injection of ammonium molybdate glomerular filtration rate is reduced. In the model combined with parathyroidectomy this indicator comes back to normal. Tubular water reabsorption, urinary excretion of calcium and
protein are less pronounced than in the isolated introduction ammonium molybdate. Urine osmolarity also had a tendency to decrease. Conclusions. Experimental hypocalcaemia reduces the renal manifestations of chronic molybdenum intoxication.
Urinary 1‐hydroxypyrene and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine Levels among Coke‐oven Workers for 2 Consecutive Days
Authors: Nguyen Thi‐To‐Uyen , Kawanami Shoko , Kawai Kazuaki , Kasai Hiroshi , Li Yun‐Shan , Inoue Jinro , Ngoan Le Tran , Horie Seichi 
Published: March 2014

Urinary 1‐hydroxypyrene and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine Levels among Coke‐oven Workers for 2 Consecutive Days: Thi‐To‐Uyen NGUYEN, et al. Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan—ObjectivesThis study evaluated the levels of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their relationship with oxidative DNA damage among Vietnamese coke‐oven workers.MethodsWe collected urine from 36 coke‐oven workers (exposed group) at the beginning and end of the shift on 2 consecutive days. We also collected urine from 78 medical staff (control group). Information was collected by questionnaire about smoking status, drinking habit, and working position. Urinary 1‐hydroxypyrene (1‐OHP) and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OH‐dG) were measured using HPLC. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 19.ResultsUrinary 1‐OHP was significantly higher in the coke‐oven workers than in the control group (p<0.05). Top‐oven workers had the highest levels of internal exposure to PAHs, followed by side‐oven and then bottom‐oven workers (5.41, 4.41 and 1.35 ng/mg creatinine, respectively, at the end of the shift on day 2). Urinary 8‐OH‐dG was significantly higher in top‐ and side‐oven workers at the end of the shift on day 2 (4.63 and 5.88 ng/mg creatinine, respectively) than in the control group (3.85 ng/mg creatinine). Based on a multi‐regression analysis, smoking status had a significant effect on urinary 8‐OH‐dG (p=0.049). Urinary 1‐OHP tended to have a positive correlation with urinary 8‐OH‐dG (p=0.070).ConclusionsVietnamese coke‐oven workers were exposed to PAHs during their work shift. Urinary 1‐OHP exceeded the recommended limit, and elevated oxidative DNA damage occurred in top‐ and side‐oven workers on the second day of work. A tendency for positive correlation was found between urinary 1‐OHP and urinary 8‐OHdG.
BMI, Health Behaviors, and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents: A School-Based Study
Authors: Chen Gang , Ratcliffe Julie , Olds Tim , Magarey Anthea , Jones Michelle , Leslie Eva 
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To explore the relationship between weight status (BMI) and health-related quality of life in children and adolescents through application of the Child Health Utility 9D, a new generic preference-based instrument.

METHODS:
Data were collected from primary and high school students in rural and metropolitan regions of South Australia. Consenting participants (2588 in grades 4–6 and 765 in grades 9–10) were weighed and measured and categorized as underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obese according to International Obesity Taskforce BMI cutoff points (primary outcome). Participants also completed a questionnaire including the Child Health Utility 9D and standardized measures of physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep patterns, and eating behavior (secondary outcomes). Descriptive and multivariate linear regression analyses were undertaken to calculate mean utility differences.

RESULTS:
In comparison with healthy-weight primary school students, adjusted mean utilities were lower for overweight (−0.016, P = .02) or obese (−0.039, P = .001) students. For high school students, the adjusted mean utilities were also lower for overweight and obese students but were nonsignificant (−0.018, P &gt; .10). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep patterns, and eating behavior were all found to be significantly associated with utilities.

CONCLUSIONS:
Irrespective of BMI, young people engaging in more physical activities or less sedentary behavior, and having healthier sleep patterns or eating behavior exhibited higher utilities. Associations between utilities and sleep patterns or eating behavior were stronger than the associations with BMI. Future economic evaluations for obesity interventions should more formally investigate the relationship between changes over time in weight status and health-related quality of life for children and adolescents.
Ultrasonography/MRI Versus CT for Diagnosing Appendicitis
Authors: Aspelund Gudrun , Fingeret Abbey , Gross Erica , Kessler David , Keung Connie , Thirumoorthi Arul , Oh Pilyung Stephen , Behr Gerald , Chen Susie , Lampl Brooke , Middlesworth William , Kandel Jessica , Ruzal-Shapiro Carrie 
Published: March 2014

BACKGROUND:
Cross-sectional imaging increases accuracy in diagnosing appendicitis. We hypothesized that a radiation-free imaging pathway of ultrasonography selectively followed by MRI would not change clinical end points compared with computed tomography (CT) for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed children (&lt;18 years old) who had diagnostic imaging for suspected acute appendicitis between November 2008 and October 2012. Before November 2010 CT was used as the primary imaging modality (group A); subsequently, ultrasonography was the primary imaging modality followed by MRI for equivocal findings (group B). Data collected included time from triage to imaging and treatment and results of imaging and pathology.

RESULTS:
Six hundred sixty-two patients had imaging for suspected appendicitis (group A = 265; group B = 397, of which 136 [51%] and 161 [41%], respectively, had positive imaging for appendicitis). Negative appendectomy rate was 2.5% for group A and 1.4% for group B. Perforation rate was similar for both groups. Time from triage to antibiotic administration and operation did not differ between groups A and B. There was higher proportion of positive imaging and appendectomies in group A and thus more negative imaging tests in group B (ultrasonography and MRI), but diagnostic accuracy of the 2 imaging pathways was similar.

CONCLUSIONS:
In children with suspected acute appendicitis, a radiation-free diagnostic imaging of ultrasonography selectively followed by MRI is feasible and comparable to CT, with no difference in time to antibiotic administration, time to appendectomy, negative appendectomy rate, perforation rate, or length of stay.
Incidence and Consequences of Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kamphuis Marije M. , Paridaans Noortje P. , Porcelijn Leendert , Lopriore Enrico , Oepkes Dick 
Published: March 2014

BACKGROUND:Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a potentially devastating disease that may lead to intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus or neonate, often with death or major neurologic damage. There are no routine screening programs for NAIT, preventive measures are taken only in a subsequent pregnancy. To estimate the population incidence of NAIT and its consequences, we conducted a review of the literature. Our results may aid in the design of a screening program.METHODS:An electronic literature search included Medline, Embase, Cochrane database and references of retrieved articles. Eligible for inclusion were all prospective studies aimed at diagnosing NAIT in a general, nonselected newborn population, with sufficient information on platelet count at birth, bleeding complications, and treatment. Titles and abstracts were reviewed, followed by review of full text publications. Studies were independently assessed by 2 reviewers for methodologic quality. Disagreements were resolved by consensus, including a third reviewer.RESULTS:From the initial 768 studies, 21 remained for full text analysis, 6 of which met the inclusion criteria. In total, 59 425 newborns were screened, with severe thrombocytopenia in 89 cases (0.15%). NAIT was diagnosed in 24 of these 89 newborns (27%). In 6 (25%) of these cases, an intracranial hemorrhage was found, all likely of antenatal origin.CONCLUSIONS:NAIT is among the most important causes of neonatal thrombocytopenia. Intracranial hemorrhage due to NAIT occurs in 10 per 100 000 neonates, commonly before birth. Screening for NAIT might be effective but should be done antenatally.
Infant Sleep Machines and Hazardous Sound Pressure Levels
Authors: Hugh Sarah C. , Wolter Nikolaus E. , Propst Evan J. , Gordon Karen A. , Cushing Sharon L. , Papsin Blake C. 
Published: March 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Infant “sleep machines” (ISMs) produce ambient noise or noise to mask other sounds in an infant’s room with the goal of increasing uninterrupted sleep. We suggest that the consistent use of these devices raises concerns for increasing an infant’s risk of noise-induced hearing loss. We therefore sought to determine the maximum output levels of these sleep machines.

METHODS:
Sound levels of 14 ISMs played at maximum volume were measured at 30, 100, and 200 cm from the machine using correction factors to account for a 6-month-old’s ear canal.

RESULTS:
Maximum sound levels at 30 cm were &gt;50 A-weighted dB for all devices, which is the current recommended noise limit for infants in hospital nurseries. Three machines produced output levels &gt;85 A-weighted dB, which, if played at these levels for &gt;8 hours, exceeds current occupational limits for accumulated noise exposure in adults and risks noise-induced hearing loss.

CONCLUSIONS:
ISMs are capable of producing output sound pressure levels that may be damaging to infant hearing and auditory development. We outline recommendations for safer operation of these machines.
Impact of a Parent-Directed Pamphlet About Pain Management During Infant Vaccinations on Maternal Knowledge and Behavior
Authors: Taddio Anna , MacDonald Noni E. , Smart Sarah , Parikh Chaitya , Allen Victoria , Halperin Beth , Shah Vibhuti 
Published: March 2014

Purpose:To evaluate the impact of a parent-directed instructional pamphlet about managing pain during infant vaccinations.Design and Sample:New mothers hospitalized following birth of an infant at two hospitals participated in a “before-and-after” study. In the “after” phase, the pamphlet was passively inserted in discharge packages at the intervention hospital.Main Outcomes:Maternal knowledge and self-reported use of pain-management interventions during routine infant two-month vaccinations.Results:Altogether, 354 mothers participated. A two-way (site, phase) ANOVA revealed no interaction (site × phase) in knowledge or use of pain-management strategies after routine two-month infant vaccinations; hence, there was no evidence of a benefit provided by the pamphlet. However, within the intervention site, only 21 percent of mothers read the pamphlet. Reading the pamphlet was associated with higher knowledge. This suggests some possible benefits of the pamphlet, provided that mothers read it.
Periodontal Status and High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein Levels in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With and Without Medical Treatment
Authors: Porwal Surya , Tewari Shikha , Sharma Rajinder K. , Singhal Savita Rani , Narula Satish C. 
Published: March 2014

Background: Recently, some studies have revealed the effect of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on gingival inflammation. This cross‐sectional study attempts to assess the periodontal status and systemic inflammation of women receiving medical treatment for PCOS and women newly diagnosed with PCOS.Methods: A total of 126 participants comprising 41 newly diagnosed patients with PCOS (PCOS‐N), 45 patients with PCOS on medical treatment (PCOS‐MT), and 40 systemically healthy controls (control group [CG]) were examined. Periodontal parameters, anthropometric parameters, and serum levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) were recorded.Results: Women with newly diagnosed PCOS had increased sites with bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), waist circumference (WC), hsCRP, and prevalence of periodontitis compared with control and PCOS‐MT groups (P ≤0.05). On partial correlation analysis after controlling for confounders, BOP and CAL correlated positively and significantly with hsCRP (P = 0.01 and P = 0.005). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that BOP and CAL (dependent variable) (P = 0.009/R2 = 0.05 and P = 0.005/R2 = 0.07, respectively) had significant association with hsCRP. Furthermore, hsCRP, when considered as outcome, also exhibited association with CAL and WC (P = 0.002/R2 = 0.07 and P = 0.04/R2 = 0.106). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the PCOS‐N group had 2.88 times increased likelihood of having moderate periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio 2.88, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 6.98).Conclusions: Women with newly diagnosed PCOS may have increased prevalence and likelihood for periodontitis, with higher measures of periodontal inflammation and breakdown than those on medical treatment for PCOS and systemically healthy females. Furthermore, periodontal breakdown might depend on systemic inflammation and vice versa.
On the dextral offset of a Variscan shear zone across the Mérens fault in the central Pyrenees (Andorra, France)
Authors: van den Eeckhout Bas , de Bresser Hans 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper contributes to the understanding of the offset on the 80 km long E-W striking Mérens fault in the central Pyrenees. Parameters such as amount and sense of offset are a prerequisite for a better understanding of the evolution of the fault, its tectonic significance and for reconstruction of the pre-existing configuration of its wall rocks.In the western Aston massif, north of the Mérens fault, an over 5 km long, N125E striking steep dextral shear zone occurs. This shear zone is characterized by medium-grade assemblages of metamorphic minerals and is considered to be of late Variscan age. The presence of such a shear zone in this area was deduced from i) published structural data on the Mérens fault, and ii) its cut off relation with an over 40 km long late Variscan shear zone to the south. In this study it is shown that the shear zones north and south of the Mérens fault initially formed a single late Variscan shear zone, cut and displaced by the younger Mérens fault. The exact geographical location of the shear zone in the Aston massif constrains the finite dextral horizontal movement on the Mérens fault to at least 10,4 ± 0,5 km. Finite uplift of the Aston massif exceeds 4 km. Extrapolation of the arguments to the eastern Aston and Hospitalet massifs indicates that the NE terminations of both gneiss cores also lined up along one single steep (W)NW striking shear zone prior to Mérens fault activity. Dextral horizontal offset is 8,5 ± 1 km in that area. Restoration of the late Variscan configuration of the Aston and Hospitalet massifs reveals an elongate WNW trending mantled gneiss antiform, bordered by steep dextral shear zones with similar trend.
Fractured Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens (ACIOL) Complicating Nd: YAG Laser for Peripheral Iridotomy
Authors: Farah Edgard , Koutsandrea Chryssanthi , Papaefthimiou Ioannis , Papaconstantinou Dimitris , Georgalas Ilias 
Published: March 2014

Laser peripheral iridotomy is the procedure of choice for the treatment of angle-closure glaucoma caused by relative or absolute pupillary block. Nd: YAG laser iridotomy has been reported to have several complications such as Iris bleeding, hyphema, transient IOP elevation, intraocular inflammation, choroidal, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage.
We report a case of a 74 year old lady on anticoagulant treatment who developed pupillary block and angle closure glaucoma after cataract surgery and anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) insertion complicated with intraoperative bleeding. The patient was treated with Nd: YAG laser iridotomy , however, the ACIOL was inadvertently fractured after a single shot of laser and it had to be replaced. Although the incidence is rare. Ophthalmologists and Opticians should be aware that an ACIOL may be fractured even after a single Nd:YAG laser shot and avoid to perform it close to the ACIOL. Pretreatment counseling should include this rare complication.
Occupy Ottawa, Conservation Officers, and Policing Networks in Canada’s Capital City
Authors: Luscombe Alex , Walby Kevin 
Published: March 2014

Abstract: Conservation officers have been neglected in policing studies literature due to a bias toward municipal and public police. The work of conservation officers and that of conventional public police overlap in ways that have not been explored. This article examines National Capital Commission (NCC) conservation officers’ involvement in policing networks in Ottawa and, more specifically, NCC regulation of the Occupy movement in Canada’s capital city. Having pitched tents in Ottawa’s Confederation Park, Occupy participants fell under NCC jurisdictional authority. Contributing to emerging literature on policing of the Occupy movement and literature on policing networks, we analyse conservation officer occurrence reports on Occupy Ottawa obtained through federal level access to information requests and results of interviews with NCC officers. We demonstrate how NCC officers participate in campaigns for urban order, nuisance removal, and protest policing in a network including municipal and federal public police, private contract security, and federal intelligence agencies.
Sealability and Seal Characteristics of PE/EVA and PLA/PCL Blends
Authors: Najarzadeh Z. , Tabasi R. Y. , Ajji A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Seal strength behavior of low density polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (PE/EVA) blends as well as that of blends of a seal grade PLA with aliphatic polyester (PCL) was studied. Polyethylene is commonly used for seal application in packaging multilayer structures and amorphous PLA is considered to be its counterpart for compostable and/or biodegradables ones. Incorporation of EVA in polyethylene improves its sealability in terms of a decrease in seal initiation temperature and broadness of sealability plateau. This was interpreted as due to the formation of finer crystals, a decrease in the melting point and presence of vinyl acetate polar group. These were supported by results obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the PLA/PCL system, the dispersed phase was stretched into elongated ellipsoidal domains. This type of morphology affected the mechanical and seal properties of the blends. As a result of blending, both hot-tack initiation temperature and strength as well as seal initiation temperature were enhanced. The enhancement in these seal properties was significant when the concentration of the dispersed phase exceeded 20 wt% in the blend. Hot-tack strength of up to twice of pure PLA was achieved through blending. This was attributed to the lower glass transition temperature of PCL, resulting in enhanced mobility of PLA chains and also the high aspect ratio of the dispersed phase. The maximum obtained hot-tack strength (1 200 g/25 mm) at 40 % dispersed content compared advantageously to commercially available polyolefin based sealant resins. The seal and hot-tack initiation temperatures were shifted to lower temperatures by as much as 30 °C, which can allow faster and more energy efficient sealing process.
PVDF/Carbonnanotubes/Nanoclay Composites for Piezoelectric Applications
Authors: Sadeghi F. , Sarvi A. , Sundararaj U. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite samples were prepared by incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nanoclay into PVDF using a twin screw extruder. Carbon nanotube was added to improve electrical conductivity and nanoclay was included to enhance β crystal formation for piezoelectric property. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that partial melt intercalation of PVDF in clay was achieved. The XRD results also revealed that CNT and nanocaly addition increased β phase crystal amount in PVDF. FTIR spectroscopy measurements confirmed the XRD results and showed that the effect of nanoclay on β phase crystal formation of PVDF was more prominent than CNT. It was found that shear rate applied during crystallization would improve β phase crystal formation but only for the neat PVDF. Electrical conductivity results showed that addition of CNT improved conductivity as a percolation of 2 wt.% was observed. It was found that dispersion of CNT into PVDF matrix is very crucial for obtaining a higher conductivity. The results showed that clay incorporation into CNT nanocomposite improved electrical conductivity. The TEM micrographs showed bundles of CNT were adhered to clay particles. That was considered an indication of affinity between CNT and organically modified clay. The results of compounding of CNT and nanoclay with PVDF in batch mixer also revealed improvement in electrical conductivity when clay was added into PVDF/CNT composite in melt state. The conductivity improved with mixing time for both systems: PVDF/CNT and PVDF/CNT/nanocaly.