bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N‐Acetylcysteine Supplementation Improves Testicular Haemodynamics, Testosterone Levels, Seminal Antioxidant Capacity and Semen Quality in Heat‐Stressed Goat Bucks
Authors: Adel Ola , El‐Sherbiny Hossam R. , M. Shahat Abdallah , Ismail Sayed Taha 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHeat stress (HS) disrupts testicular homeostasis because of oxidative stress. N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) is a thiol compound with antioxidants, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic properties. As a sequel, this research aimed to assess the ameliorative effects of NAC supplementation on the reproductive performance of goat bucks kept under environmental HS. Primarily, Doppler examination as well as semen collection and evaluation were conducted on 12 mature bucks for 2 weeks (W) as pre‐heat stress control (W1 and W2) during winter (February 2023). The temperature–humidity index (THI) was 63.4–64.3 (winter season). Then during summer HS conditions (from the beginning of July till the end of August 2023) bucks were assessed before NAC supplementation (W0), afterwards they were arbitrarily assigned into two groups. The control group (CON; n = 6) received the basal diet while the NAC group (n = 6) received the basal diet in addition to oral NAC daily for 7 weeks (W1–W7). The THI was 78.1–81.6 (summer season). Testicular blood flow parameters, serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and testosterone were measured. Additionally, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in seminal plasma and semen quality parameters were evaluated. There were marked reductions (p < 0.05) in the resistive index (RI; W1, W4 and W5), pulsatility index (PI; W2 and W4–W7), and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D; W4–W7) in the NAC group compared to the CON group. Furthermore, testosterone and NO levels were higher (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) in the NAC group (W2, W3, W5 and W3–W5, respectively). Seminal plasma TAC increased (p < 0.05) and MDA decreased (p < 0.05) in the NAC group (W2, W4 and W5) compared to the CON group. Moreover, there were marked improvements (p < 0.05) in semen quality parameters (mass motility, total motility, viability and normal morphology) in the NAC group. In conclusion, oral NAC supplementation could be used to enhance the reproductive performance of goat bucks during HS conditions which is supported by remarkable enhancement in testicular haemodynamics, NO, testosterone levels and semen quality parameters.
CORRIGENDUM
Authors: David Allen Paul , Daud Suzairi , Sulaiman Abdul Hadi , Ahmad Zain Muhammad Ilham , Abd Aziz Muhammad Safwan , Ahmad Noorden Ahmad Fakhrurrazi 
Published: August 2024

This article corrects the following:
First published: 29 August 2024 | https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v20n4.3813
S. Daud, M. I. A. Zaini, M. S. A. Aziz, and A. F. A. Noorden, "Generation of multiwavelength fibre laser based on erbium-doped fibre amplifier with Lyot filter," Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, vol. 20, pp. 378-384, 2024.https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v20n2.3091
CORRIGENDUM:
After thorough discussions with the editor and following an official correspondence, it was decided to make the following correction in the article. The name of the author has been corrected to accurately reflect the contributions, and the acknowledgments section has been updated to properly recognize the individuals and institutions that provided support.
Allen Paul Davida, Suzairi Daudb,c,*, Abdul Hadi Sulaimana, Muhammad Ilham Ahmad Zainib, Muhammad Safwan Abd Azizb,c and Ahmad Fakhrurrazi Ahmad Noordend, "Generation of multiwavelength fibre laser based on erbium-doped fibre amplifier with Lyot filter," Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, vol. 20, pp. 378-384, 2024.
a Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalam IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysiab Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysiac Laser Center, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific & Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysiad Department of Physics, Kulliyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
The acknowledgment for this published paper should be as follows:
This work was supported by Universiti Tenaga Nasional through the BOLD Refresh Postdoctoral Fellowships under the project code of J510050002-IC-6 BOLD REFRESH 2025 and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia by UTM Encouragement Grant Vote No. Q.J130000.3854.31J54.
The authors apologize for this error.
Change-of-Direction Performance and Its Deficits in Relation to Countermovement-Jump Height and Phase-Specific Performance Among Female Athletes
Authors: Yamashita Naoyuki , Sato Daisuke , Mishima Takaaki 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Jump and linear sprint performances both correlate with pro-agility performance. However, correlation does not imply causation, and potential confounders may affect the correlation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between change-of-direction (COD) performance and COD deficits (COD-D) in linear-sprint and countermovement-jump (CMJ) -related performance using multiple stepwise linear-regression models. Methods: The study included 42 female national-level intercollegiate athletes. The 10- and 20-m linear-sprint and pro-agility times, COD-D, CMJ height, and phase-specific force production and rate of force development during eccentric unloading, eccentric braking, and the concentric phases of CMJ were measured. Stepwise linear-regression analyses were used to predict the factors related to COD and COD-D. Results: CMJ height was the sole predictor in the 10-m pro-agility model (adjusted R2 = .234, P = .001). Modified Reactive Strength Index (standardized coefficient, −.710) and the lowest center-of-mass depth during the CMJ (standardized coefficient, .323) were predictors in the 20-m pro-agility model (adjusted R2 = .330, P < .001). For the 10- and 20-m COD-D models, the rate of force development at 30 and 60 milliseconds, respectively, during the concentric phase was the only predictor of performance (adjusted R2 = .183, P = .003 and .237, P = .001, respectively). Conclusions: These results suggest that athletes should concentrate on improving their CMJ height, increasing their ability to lower their center of mass more deeply, and increasing their instantaneous force-production abilities immediately after the eccentric braking phase of CMJ to improve their COD performance.
Adenovirus infections: new insights for the clinical laboratory
Authors: Kajon Adriana E. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Since their discovery in 1953, research on human adenoviruses (HAdVs) has had diverse foci, resulted in groundbreaking discoveries, such as gene splicing, and generated powerful oncolytic constructs and expression vectors for vaccine development and gene therapy. In contrast, virologists working in this field have made relatively little progress toward the prevention and treatment of the wide spectrum of HAdV-associated diseases. The understanding of species-specific features of viral pathogenesis, or of the mechanisms underlying the establishment of latency and reactivation, is still limited. This group of viruses currently comprises 7 species, 51 serotypes, and 116 unique genotypes. This complexity manifests with a challenging pathophenotypic diversity. Some types are highly virulent, and others do not seem to cause disease in immunocompetent hosts. The assessment of viral load in blood and respiratory specimens has well-acknowledged clinical utility, but the lack of virus typing capabilities easily implementable in clinical laboratories represents a lingering major limitation to the interpretation of positive tests. Some HAdV infections do have severe consequences for both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, and the understanding of why this is the case will require more research. Clinical isolates and collections of positive specimens can provide unique resources to investigate the molecular bases of viral virulence and fitness and also help gather information of spatial–temporal patterns of viral circulation in susceptible communities, but they are extremely scarce. Clinical laboratories are underutilized interfaces between patients and academic scientists and have, therefore, a high potential to become valuable collaborators in research moving forward.
From local bacterial communities to energy: application of microbial fuel cells in laboratory experimentation
Authors: Pazmiño-Arias Esteban , Montero-Calderon Abigail , Perez-Cárdenas Mariela , Gudiño Gomezjurado Marco Esteban 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

It is well known that bacterial communities are an essential component to maintain the balance of terrestrial ecosystems due to the functions and services performed by microorganisms in the environment. The research seeking on alternative energy sources has shown that bacterial communities can bioconvert the chemical energy of an organic substrate into electrical energy, within devices known as microbial fuel cells. For this reason, this class project allows students of Biotechnology, Environmental Science, and Microbiology to apply the appropriate methodology to develop a class project throughout an environmental bacterial community capable of generating electrical energy.
Draft genome sequence of
Paraclostridium benzoelyticum
strain YGCA10, isolated from sediment of the Etoliko lagoon in Greece
Authors: Galiatsatos Ioannis , Asimakis Elias , Stathopoulou Panagiota , Tsiamis George 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Paraclostridium benzoelyticum
is a Gram-positive, heterotrophic, and obligately anaerobic bacterial species. This report describes the draft genome sequence of
P. benzoelyticum
strain YGCA10, isolated from lagoon sediment under anaerobic culture conditions.
Food-breastmilk combinations alter the colonic microbiome of weaning infants: an
in silico
study
Authors: da Silva Vitor G. , Smith Nick W. , Mullaney Jane A. , Wall Clare , Roy Nicole C. , McNabb Warren C. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The introduction of solid foods to infants, also known as weaning, is a critical point for the development of the complex microbial community inhabiting the human colon, impacting host physiology in infancy and later in life. This research investigated
in silico
the impact of food-breastmilk combinations on growth and metabolite production by colonic microbes of New Zealand weaning infants using the metagenome-scale metabolic model named Microbial Community. Eighty-nine foods were individually combined with breastmilk, and the 12 combinations with the strongest influence on the microbial production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) were identified. Fiber-rich and polyphenol-rich foods, like pumpkin and blackcurrant, resulted in the greatest increase in predicted fluxes of total SCFAs and individual fluxes of propionate and acetate when combined, respectively, with breastmilk. Identified foods were further combined with other foods and breastmilk, resulting in 66 multiple food-breastmilk combinations. These combinations altered
in silico
the impact of individual foods on the microbial production of SCFAs and BCFAs, suggesting that the interaction between the dietary compounds composing a meal is the key factor influencing colonic microbes. Blackcurrant combined with other foods and breastmilk promoted the greatest increase in the production of acetate and total SCFAs, while pork combined with other foods and breastmilk decreased the production of total BCFAs.

IMPORTANCE

Little is known about the influence of complementary foods on the colonic microbiome of weaning infants. Traditional
in vitro
and
in vivo
microbiome methods are limited by their resource-consuming concerns. Modeling approaches represent a promising complementary tool to provide insights into the behavior of microbial communities. This study evaluated how foods combined with other foods and human milk affect the production of short-chain fatty acids and branched-chain fatty acids by colonic microbes of weaning infants using a rapid and inexpensive
in silico
approach. Foods and food combinations identified here are candidates for future experimental investigations, helping to fill a crucial knowledge gap in infant nutrition.
Randomized control trial of moderate dose vitamin D alters microbiota stability and metabolite networks in healthy adults
Authors: Wyatt Madhur , Choudhury Ankan , Von Dohlen Gabriella , Heileson Jeffery L. , Forsse Jeffrey S. , Rajakaruna Sumudu , Zec Manja , Tfaily Malak M. , Greathouse Leigh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Evidence indicates that both vitamin D and the gut microbiome are involved in the process of colon carcinogenesis. However, it is unclear what effects supplemental vitamin D
3
has on the gut microbiome and its metabolites in healthy adults. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to identify the acute and long-term microbiota structural and metabolite changes that occur in response to a moderate dose (4,000 IU) of vitamin D
3
for 12 weeks in healthy adults. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) in the treatment group compared to placebo (
P
< 0.0001). Vitamin D
3
significantly increased compositional similarity (
P
< 0.0001) in the treatment group, and enriched members of the Bifidobacteriaceae family. We also identified a significant inverse relationship between the percent change in serum 25(OH)D and microbial stability in the treatment group (
R
= −0.52,
P
< 0.019). Furthermore, vitamin D
3
supplementation resulted in notable metabolic shifts, in addition to resulting in a drastic rewiring of key gut microbial-metabolic associations. In conclusion, we show that a moderate dose of vitamin D
3
among healthy adults has unique acute and persistent effects on the fecal microbiota, and suggest novel mechanisms by which vitamin D may affect the host-microbiota relationship.

IMPORTANCE
Preventative measures to reduce the rise in early-onset colorectal cancer are of critical need. Both vitamin D, dietary and serum levels, and the gut microbiome are implicated in the etiology of colorectal cancer. By understanding the intimate relationship between vitamin D, the gut microbiome, and its metabolites, we may be able to identify key mechanisms that can be targeted for intervention, including inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Furthermore, the similarity of vitamin D to cholesterol, which is metabolized by the gut microbiome, gives precedence to its ability to produce metabolites that can be further studied and leveraged for controlling colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
Reversion of KPC-114 to KPC-2 in ceftazidime-avibactam- resistant/meropenem-susceptible
Klebsiella pneumoniae
ST11 is related to low mutation rates
Authors: Pariona Jesus G. M. , Vásquez-Ponce Felipe , Becerra Johana , Martins-Gonçalves Thais , Pariona Eva M. M. , Madueño Fabio T. , Esposito Fernanda , V. de Lima Aline , Mello Sampaio Jorge L. , Galhardo Rodrigo S. , Lincopan Nilton 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
strains that produce
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Carbapenemase (KPC) variants displaying resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) often remain susceptible to meropenem (MEM), suggesting a potential therapeutic use of this carbapenem antibiotic. However,
in vitro
studies indicate that these sorts of strains can mutate becoming MEM-resistant, raising concerns about the effectiveness of carbapenems as treatment option. We have studied mutation rates occurring from the reversion of MEM-susceptible KPC-114 to MEM-resistant KPC-2, in CZA-resistant
K. pneumoniae
belonging to ST11. Two-step fluctuation assays (FAs) were conducted. In brief, initial cultures of KPC-114-producing
K. pneumoniae
showing 1 µg/mL MEM MIC were spread on Mueller–Hinton agar plates containing 2–8 µg/mL MEM. A second step of FA, at 4–16 µg/mL MEM was performed from a mutant colony obtained at 2 µg/mL MEM. Mutation rates were calculated using maximum likelihood estimation. Parental and mutant strains were sequenced by Illumina NextSeq, and mutations were predicted by variant-calling analysis. At 8 µg/mL MEM, mutants derived from parental CZA-resistant (MIC ≥ 64 µg/mL)/MEM-susceptible (MIC = 1 µg/mL) KPC-114-positive
K. pneumoniae
exhibited an accumulative mutation rate of 3.05 × 10
−19
mutations/cell/generation, whereas at 16 µg/mL MEM an accumulative mutation rate of 1.33 × 10
−19
mutations/cell/generation resulted in the reversion of KPC-114 (S181_P182 deletion) to KPC-2. These findings highlight that the reversion of MEM-susceptible KPC-114 to MEM-resistant KPC-2, in CZA-resistant
K. pneumoniae
ST11 is related to low mutation rates suggesting a low risk of therapeutic failure.
In vivo
investigations are necessary to confirm the clinical potential of MEM against CZA-resistant KPC variants.

IMPORTANCE

The emergence of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) resistance among carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a major concern due to the limited therapeutic options. Strikingly, KPC mutations mediating CZA resistance are generally associated with meropenem susceptibility, suggesting a potential therapeutic use of this carbapenem antibiotic. However, the reversion of meropenem-susceptible to meropenem-resistant could be expected. Therefore, knowing the mutation rate related to this genetic event is essential to estimate the potential use of meropenem against CZA-resistant KPC-producing
K. pneumoniae
. In this study, we demonstrate,
in vitro
, that under high concentrations of meropenem, reversion of KPC-114 to KPC-2 in CZA-resistant/meropenem-susceptible
K. pneumoniae
belonging to the global high-risk ST11 is related to low mutation rates.
Testing the sequence of successional processes in miniature ecosystems
Authors: Hanusch Maximilian , He Xie , Böll Laura , Junker Robert R. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Dispersal, environmental filtering, and biotic interactions define the species inventory of local communities. Along successional gradients, these assembly processes are predicted to sequentially vary in their relative importance with dispersal as the dominating process early in succession, followed by environmental filtering and biotic interactions at later stages. While observational data from field studies supported this prediction, controlled experiments confirming a sequence of successional processes are still lacking. We designed miniature ecosystems to explicitly test these assumptions under controlled laboratory conditions. Our “Ecosystems on a Plate” (EsoaP) are 3D-printed customized microplates with 24 connected wells allowing us to track dispersal, niche filtering, and biotic interactions among bacteria and plants in time and space. Within EsoaPs, we created heterogeneous habitat landscapes by well-specific nutrient levels or by providing plant seedlings as mutualistic partners in a checkerboard pattern. Bacteria of a single strain were released in one well and subsequently distributed themselves within the plates. We measured the spatial distribution of bacterial abundances at two time points as a function of abiotic or biotic heterogeneity. Bacterial abundance distribution confirmed a shift from initial dispersal-dominated processes to later niche filtering and biotic interactions as more important processes. Our approach follows the principles of
open science
as the affordable availability of 3D printers as well as shared STL files makes EsoaPs disseminatable and accessible to all levels of society, facilitating future experimental research.

IMPORTANCE
Hypotheses regarding the underlying processes of ecological successions have primarily emerged from and have been tested in observational studies, lacking substantial support through controlled experiments. The design of such experiments should focus on testing contemporary ecological theories at the intersection of community assembly and successional research. To achieve this, we developed and employed 3D-printed “Ecosystems on a Plate” (EsoaP) within controlled laboratory settings. EsoaPs surmount several limitations of nanoscale instruments that had hindered their application in ecologically meaningful research. By sharing 3D printing designs, experimental protocols, and data openly, we facilitate reproducibility of our experiments by researchers across diverse ecological disciplines. Moreover, our approach facilitates cost-effective replication of experiments, democratizing access to tools for ecological research, and thus holds the potential to serve as a model for future studies and educational purposes.
Enhanced salt tolerance in
Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Fisch. via
Bacillus subtilis
inoculation alters microbial community
Authors: Xiao Jiancai , Xiao Jing , Gao Pengchao , Zhang You , Yan Binbin , Wu Hongli , Zhang Yan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The widespread prevalence of saline environments poses a significant global environmental challenge. Salt stress, induced by saline soils, disrupts soil microecology and affects the plant-microbe-soil cycling process. Utilizing microbial fungicides stands as a primary strategy to mitigate salt stress-induced damage to plants and soils. This study investigated the influence of
Bacillus subtilis
(Bs) inoculation on the microbial community, assembly processes, and functional changes in bacteria and fungi in
Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Fisch. (licorice) seedlings under varying salt stress levels, primarily employing microbiomics techniques. Soil enzyme activities displayed a declining trend with increasing salt stress, which was mitigated by Bs inoculation. Microbiome analysis revealed a significant increase in bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units, particularly in Ascomycetes and Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria, thereby enhancing soil denitrification. The abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Firmicutes in bacteria, as well as Ascomycota in fungi, increased with higher salt stress levels, a process facilitated by Bs inoculation. However, functional predictions indicated a reduction in the relative abundance of Dung Saprotrophs with Bs inoculation. Salt stress disrupted soil assembly processes, showcasing a continuous decline in diffusion limitation with increased salt concentration, where Bs inoculation reached a peak under moderate stress. In summary, this research elucidates the communication mechanism of Bs in enhancing salt tolerance in licorice from a microbiome perspective, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of abiotic and biotic factors.

IMPORTANCE

Licorice is a herb that grows in deserts or saline soils. Enhancing the salt tolerance of licorice is necessary to maintain the quality of cultivated licorice and to ensure the supply of medicinal herbs. In the past, we have demonstrated the effectiveness of inoculation with
Bacillus subtilis
(Bs) to enhance the salt tolerance of licorice and revealed the key metabolic pathways for the development of salt tolerance through multi-omics. In this study, we used the microbiomics approach to reveal the plant-microbe-soil interactions at the level of inoculation of Bs affecting the dynamics of soil microbial communities from bacterial and fungal perspectives, thus bridging the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.