bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Canadian Arthroplasty Society’s experience with hip resurfacing arthroplasty
Authors: Arthroplasty Society Canadian 
Published: August 2013

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to determine whether the five-year results of hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) in Canada justified the continued use of HRA; and second, to identify whether greater refinement of patient selection was warranted. This was a retrospective cohort study that involved a review of 2773 HRAs performed between January 2001 and December 2008 at 11 Canadian centres. Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to analyse the predictors of failure of HRA. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to predict the cumulative survival rate at five years. The factors analysed included age, gender, body mass index, pre-operative hip pathology, surgeon’s experience, surgical approach, implant sizes and implant types. The most common modes of failure were also analysed. The 2773 HRAs were undertaken in 2450 patients: 2127 in men and 646 in women. The mean age at operation was 50.5 years (sd 8.72; 18 to 82) and mean follow-up was 3.4 years (sd 2.1; 2.0 to 10.1). At the last follow-up a total of 101 HRAs (3.6%) required revision. Using revision for all causes of failure as the endpoint, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed a cumulative survival of 96.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 96.1 to 96.9) at five years. With regard to gender, the five-year overall survival was 97.4% in men (95% CI 97.1 to 97.7) and 93.6% in women (95% CI 92.6 to 94.6). Female gender, smaller femoral components, specific implant types and a diagnosis of childhood hip problems were associated with higher rates of failure. The most common cause of failure was fracture of the femoral neck, followed by loosening of the femoral component. The failure rates of HRA at five years justify the ongoing use of this technique in men. Female gender is an independent predictor of failure, and a higher failure rate at five years in women leads the authors to recommend this technique only in exceptional circumstances for women. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1044–50.
The Role of Community Rehabilitation Providers in Employment for Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Results of the 2010–2011 National Survey
Authors: Domin Daria , Butterworth John 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Based on the 2010–2011 National Survey of Community Rehabilitation Providers, findings are presented on people with all disabilities and people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) who are served in employment and nonwork settings by community rehabilitation providers. Findings suggest little change over the past eight years in participation in integrated employment. Overall, 28% of all individuals and 19% of individuals with IDD were reported to receive individual integrated employment services. The results suggest that 15% of individuals with IDD work in individual integrated jobs for pay. Group supported employment continues to play a smaller but significant role in employment supports, with almost 10% of individuals with IDD participating in enclaves or mobile work crews. Data do reflect a decline in participation in facility-based work for individuals with IDD, from 41% to 27.5% and a concurrent growth in participation in nonwork services to 43% of all purchased services.
“A Kid Way”: Strategies for Including Classmates With Learning or Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Nowicki Elizabeth A. , Brown Jason D. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Thirty-six children between 9 and 12 years of age were invited to share their ideas on how to socially include classmates with learning or intellectual disabilities at school. Participants generated 80 strategies which were categorized into seven major themes. Thematic categories focused on the need for teachers to intervene in academic and social situations, child-to-child instructional strategies, being supportive, focusing on similarities between children with and without disabilities, modelling appropriate behaviors and intervening in negative interactions, structured inclusive activities, and noninclusive activities. Participants were aware of the challenges experienced by classmates with disabilities, and recognized the need to work with classmates and teachers towards the social inclusion of children with intellectual and learning disabilities. Educational implications are addressed.
Synthesis and biological activity of 6-substituted 5-acetyl-4,7-dimethoxybenzofuran derivatives
Authors: Krawiecka Mariola , Kuran Bożena , Kossakowski Jerzy , Kierzkowska Marta , Młynarczyk Grażyna , Kazmierczak-Barańska Julia , Królewska Karolina , Cieślak Marcin 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In the search for new antimicrobial and anticancer agents, a series of (aryl/heteroaryl-piperazino-alkyl)-substituted derivatives of benzo[b]furans were prepared. All compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-MS spectra and elemental analyses. Most of the investigated compounds had no antimicrobial activity (MIC > 512 mg/L) except for 2l, 2m and 2o, which showed activity against Candida albicans. None of the tested compounds showed significant anticancer activity in K562 and HeLa cells.
Facile synthesis of new thermally stable and organo-soluble polyamide-imides from phosphorus-containing aromatic amines and various dianhydrides
Authors: Agrawal Seema , Narula Anudeep Kumar 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Imide ring containing novel polyamide-imides (PAIs) were prepared by triphenyl phosphite-activated polycondensation of phosphorus-containing aromatic amines, bis(3-aminophenyl) isopropyl phosphine (BAP) and bis(3-aminophenyl) aminotolyl phosphine (TAP), with various diimide-diacids (DIDAS). All polymers were fully characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 31P-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These polymers showed no significant weight loss below 419°C and glass transition temperatures (Tg) in the region of 231°C–290°C. The resulting polymeric films exhibited high optical transparency. The inherent viscosity of the synthesized polymers was in the range 0.55–0.85 dl/g and wide angle X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that these polymers were predominantly amorphous.
Mechanisms underlying cortical resonant states: implications for levodopa-induced dyskinesia
Authors: Richter Ulrike , Halje Pär , Petersson Per 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A common observation in recordings of neuronal activity from the cerebral cortex is that populations of neurons show patterns of synchronized oscillatory activity. However, it has been suggested that neuronal synchronization can, in certain pathological conditions, become excessive and possibly have a pathogenic role. In particular, aberrant oscillatory activation patterns have been implicated in conditions involving cortical dysfunction. We here review the mechanisms thought to be involved in the generation of cortical oscillations and discuss their relevance in relation to a recent finding indicating that high-frequency oscillations in the cerebral cortex have an important role in the generation of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. On the basis of these insights, it is suggested that the identification of physiological changes associated with symptoms of disease is a particularly important first step toward a more rapid development of novel treatment strategies.
Mechanical and fracture toughness behavior of TiO2-filled A384 metal alloy composites
Authors: Gangwar Swati , Kukshal Vikas , Patnaik Amar , Singh Tej 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn the present study, A384 alloy composites filled with titanium dioxide (TiO2) were fabricated by the stir casting technique by varying the filler percentages from 0 to 8 wt.-% at an interval of 2 wt.-%, respectively. This study focused on the physical, mechanical, and fracture behavior of unfilled and particulate-filled alloy composites. Void content (%) and hardness were found to increase from 2.22% to 3.02% and from 35.5 to 62.5 Hv, respectively, with the increased filler contents (0 to 8 wt.-%) for the micro-TiO2-filled A384 metal alloy composite. However, mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, and flexural strength showed a decreasing trend for experimental and finite element simulated results. An X-ray diffraction technique was used to study the constituent material present in the composites. The stress intensity factors of the fabricated composites were studied both experimentally and by the finite element method technique. The highest value of stress intensity factor was observed to be 40 MPa.vm for 4 wt.-% micro-TiO2-filled alloy composite at 9-mm crack length. A three-dimensional simulation of the fabricated composite using the unit cell model was developed in ANSYS using appropriate boundary conditions for tensile and flexural strength.
The roles of competition and habitat in the dynamics of populations and species distributions
Authors: Yackulic Charles B. , Reid Janice , Nichols James D. , Hines James E. , Davis Raymond , Forsman Eric 
Published: August 2013

The role of competition in structuring biotic communities at fine spatial scales is well known from detailed process‐based studies. Our understanding of competition's importance at broader scales is less resolved and mainly based on static species distribution maps. Here, we bridge this gap by examining the joint occupancy dynamics of an invading species (Barred Owl,Strix varia) and a resident species (Northern Spotted Owl,Strix occidentalis caurina) in a 1000‐km2study area over a 22‐year period. Past studies of these competitors have focused on the dynamics of one species at a time, hindering efforts to parse out the roles of habitat and competition and to forecast the future of the resident species. In addition, while these studies accounted for the imperfect detection of the focal species, no multi‐season analysis of these species has accounted for the imperfect detection of the secondary species, potentially biasing inference. We analyzed survey data using models that combine the general multistate–multi‐season occupancy modeling framework with autologistic modeling, allowing us to account for important aspects of our study system.We found that local extinction probability increases for each species when the other is present; however, the effect of the invader on the resident is greater. Although the species prefer different habitats, these habitats are highly correlated at the patch scale, and the impacts of invader on the resident are greatest in patches that would otherwise be optimal. As a consequence, competition leads to a weaker relationship between habitat and Northern Spotted Owl occupancy. Colonization and extinction rates of the invader are closely related to neighborhood occupancy, and over the first half of the study the availability of colonists limited the rate of population growth. Competition is likely to exclude the resident species, both through its immediate effects on local extinction and by indirectly lowering colonization rates as Northern Spotted Owl occupancy declines. Our analysis suggests that dispersal limitation affects both the invasion dynamics and the scale at which the effects of competition are observed. We also provide predictions regarding the potential costs and benefits of managing Barred Owl populations at different target levels.
Immediate Placement and Restoration of an Implant in an Infected Socket in the Esthetic Zone
Authors: Furtado Araújo Michel V. , Sommerville Donald , Dhingra Ajay , Schincaglia Gian Pietro 
Published: August 2013

Introduction: Despite recent reports on immediate implant placement in infected sockets, it remains unclear whether positive functional and esthetic results are repeatable in treating teeth with periapical infections. This case report describes important diagnostic factors and decision‐making steps in the treatment planning of a fractured tooth with a periapical lesion in the anterior maxilla.Case Presentation: A healthy, non‐smoking 36‐year‐old male patient presented with the chief complaint of trauma to the right maxillary central incisor. Radiographs displayed horizontal root fracture and a periapical lesion. Treatment comprised extraction of the fractured tooth with minimal trauma, followed by immediate implant placement and provisionalization. Clinical and radiographic analyses at 12 months after surgery showed maintenance of soft‐ and hard‐tissue configuration and symmetry with the contralateral tooth.Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach and careful case selection are of utmost importance for the successful treatment of challenging implant therapy. This case report shows esthetic and functional results 1 year after the immediate placement and functional loading of an implant in an infected socket in the esthetic zone.
Individual and Group Euthanasia in Farmed Mink / Indywidualne i grupowe uśmiercanie norek z chowu fermowego
Authors: Korhonen Hannu T. , Eskeli Pekka , Sepponen Juhani , Toikkanen Pekka 
Published: August 2013

Abstract The study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of euthanasia in mink (Neovison vison). The gases studied were filtered exhaust CO, and cylinder CO and CO2. The experimental setups were as follows: (1) individual killing of mink in a small killing box (35 × 30 × 60 cm; H × W × L); (2) individual killing of mink in a small killing box, kept inside a killer (12.5 × 12.5 × 55 cm; H × W × L); (3) group killing of mink in a large killing box (75 × 75 × 150 cm; H × W × L); and (4) group killing of mink in a large killing box (70 × 70 × 125 cm; H × W × L). The results showed that filtered exhaust CO concentrations of 1.2-3% were too low. Concentrations of 4-6% were effective. With cylinder CO of 4% the killing time was the same as that with engine CO at 4%. A cylinder CO2 concentration of ≥ 80% was effective. The shortest time interval after the end of all movements and respiration was with cylinder CO2. No difference was found between cylinder and filtered exhaust CO. The time the animals were alive did not significantly differ between the groups (P>0.05). The first animal collapsed soonest among those inhaling CO2 (CO2 vs cylinder CO; P=0.0045; and CO2 vs filtered exhaust CO; P=0.0009). No difference was found between cylinder CO and filtered exhaust CO (P=0.4654). There was also a significant difference in the time it took for the last animal to collapse. Here again the CO2 animals collapsed the soonest (CO2 vs cylinder CO, P=0.0062; CO2 vs exhaust CO, P=0.0012). No difference was found between cylinder and filtered exhaust CO (P=0.5660). It is concluded that concentrations of CO ≥4% and of CO2 ≥80% in the euthanasia box are sufficient to kill effectively.
The effect of nitrogen form and air temperature during foliar fertilization on gas exchange, the yield and nutritive value of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Authors: Borowski Edward , Michałek Sławomir 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A pot experiment conducted in a growth chamber studied the effectiveness of foliar fertilization of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), with different forms of nitrogen applied with the air temperatures: 5°C, 15°C and 25°C. Nitrogen was supplied three times in the form of 1% water solutions of CO(NH2)2, NH4NO3, NH4HCO3 and Ca(NO3)2 × 4 H2O, with water as the control. The obtained results showed that nitrogen in the form of Ca(NO3)2 × 4 H2O - independent of the air temperature during solution application - is the least useful in foliar fertilization of spinach leaves, whereas the effectiveness of the other forms was similar, although the best effects were given by NH4NO3. Application of all forms of nitrogen at the air temperature of 25°C had the most positive effect on the course of gas exchange (stomatal conductivity, photosynthesis, transpiration). Despite that, the highest leaf yield with the highest content of nitrogen, total chlorophyll (a + b), carotenoids and vitamin C, and the lowest content of nitrates, was given by plants with foliar application of all nitrogen forms at the temperature of 15°C.
Influence of activated charcoal on seed germination and seedling development by the asymbiotic method in Zygostates grandiflora (Lindl.) Mansf. (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Pacek-Bieniek Agata , Dyduch-Siemińska Magdalena , Rudaś Michał 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the influence of activated charcoal on the seed germinating ability and seedling development of Zygostates grandiflora (Lindl.) Mansf. in in vitro culture. The seeds were obtained from a sterilised orchid capsule. They were sown on a Murashige and Skoog medium + indoleacetic acid (1.5 mg dm-3) and benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg dm-3) without the addition of activated charcoal and on a medium that contained 1.0 and 3.0 g dm-3 activated charcoal, respectively, for 18 months. Initial differences in seed germination were observed after nine months since the beginning of the in vitro culture. The addition of activated charcoal had a positive influence on protocorm size and development. The results of this research were confirmed after 12 and 18 months of in vitro culture, where an intensive development of leaf and aerial roots occurred on a medium that contained the highest concentration of activated charcoal, i.e. 3.0 g dm-3 as a supplement. The statistical analysis showed that the asymbiotic method of orchid propagation in in vitro culture could be used for Z. grandiflora, and that the addition of activated charcoal into the medium improved this method.
Candidate plant gene homologues in grapevine involved in Agrobacterium transformation
Authors: Deák Tamás , Kupi Tünde , Oláh Róbert , Lakatos Lóránt , Kemény Lajos , Bisztray György , Szegedi Ernő 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) genome was analyzed in silico for homologues of plant genes involved in Agrobacterium transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana spp. Grapevine homologues of the glucomannan 4-betamannosyltransferase 9 gene CslA-09 involved in bacterial attachment to the cell wall, homologues of reticulon-like proteins BTI1, 2, 3 and RAB8 GTPases, both involved in T-DNA transfer to the host cell, homologues of VirE2 interacting protein VIP1 that contributes to the targeting of T-DNA into the nucleus and to its integration, and homologues of the histone protein H2A, which promotes the expression of T-DNA encoded genes, were selected. Sequences homologous to the arabinogalactan-protein AtAGP17 were not found in the grape genome. Seventeen selected candidates were tested by semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis for changes in their expression levels upon inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. Of the tested homologues, the expression of VvRab8a, VvVip1a and two histone genes (VvHta2 and VvHta10) increased significantly, therefore we hypothesize that these might be involved in Agrobacterium transformation of V. vinifera.
Histopathological indicators: a useful fish health monitoring tool in common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) culture
Authors: Rašković Božidar , Jarić Ivan , Koko Vesna , Spasić Milan , Dulić Zorka , Marković Zoran , Poleksić Vesna 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In order to evaluate the relationship between water quality in ponds and indices of histopathological changes occurring in the vital organs of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758), two six-month field experiments were carried out using two different water supplies: from the nearby stream and a tube well. The fish were fed supplemental feed: raw cereals, pelleted and extruded compound feed. Histopathological analysis, alteration frequencies, and semi-quantitative scoring of the changes were used to assess the health status of the fish. Ponds supplied by stream water were characterized by higher water hardness, dissolved oxygen and pH values, while those supplied by the tube well had higher electroconductivity, total ammonium and orthophosphates content. Fish survival rate and habitat suitability index were lower in ponds supplied by stream water, while the weight gain did not differ between the two water supplies. The use of stream water resulted in a higher level of histopathological changes in gills and liver. Among the water quality parameters, pH level had the strongest influence on fish. Differences in water supply produced greater influence on the level of histopathological changes than the type of feed applied. Gills were the most sensitive organ, while the kidney was the least responsive.
Erratum to Central European Journal of Biology, Volume 8, Issue 9
Authors: Osyczka Piotr , Rola Kaja 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Paper by Osyczka and Rola “Cladonia lichens as the most effective and essential pioneers in strongly contaminated slag dumps” in Volume 8, Issue 9, 876–887 / September 2013; DOI: 10.2478/s11535-013-0210-0 contains incorrect units in Table 2 and Table 3. The correct Tables 2 and 3, together with their captions are presented below.
The percutaneous treatment of Patent Foramen Ovale, an effective and safe therapeutic choice
Authors: Evola S. , Trovato R. , Kauroo B. , Alioto L. , Sucato V. , Quagliana A. , Magro S. , Tona R. , Novo G. , Andolina G. , Assennato P. , Novo S. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Assessment of lipid-lowering treatment in Bulgaria — The CEPHEUS study
Authors: Gotcheva Nina , Raev Dimitar , Trendafilova Elina , Postadzhiyan Arman , Runev Nikolay , Vandenhoven Guy , Temmerman Anne-Marie , Staneva Marina 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This is a multicenter cross-sectional survey of 2,500 Bulgarian adult patients taking lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs) for at least 3 months with no dose change for a minimum of 6 weeks. The primary objective was to establish the proportion of patients who are on LDL-C target, according to the Fourth Joint European Task Force (FJETF) guidelines. The secondary objectives were to define the proportion of patients at target: according to the 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP) III and the 2004 NCEP ATP III guidelines. The patients’ demographics, current LLD treatment, cardiovascular medical history were recorded. Next the lipid profile, glucose level and HbA1c were obtained from these patients. The investigators and patients completed questionnaires related to the LLD therapy. Gender, BMI, history of CHD, therapy compliance, risk category, lack of patient’s awareness of LDL-C targets were all studied as determinants of the undertreatment. Despite the satisfactory awareness of guidelines for management of hypercholesterolaemia, their implementation in clinical practice is still poor. Only 43.10% of patients reached the FJETF-recommended LDL-C goal, 45.24% achieved the 2001 NCEP ATP III recommended LDL-C goal, and only 21.51% — reached the 2004 NCEP ATP III recommended target. Males, CHD patients and those who were aware of LDL-C targets had more chance of reaching their desired LDL-C target.