bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated construction of cognitive maps with visual predictive coding
Authors: Gornet James , Thomson Matt 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHumans construct internal cognitive maps of their environment directly from sensory inputs without access to a system of explicit coordinates or distance measurements. Although machine learning algorithms like simultaneous localization and mapping utilize specialized inference procedures to identify visual features and construct spatial maps from visual and odometry data, the general nature of cognitive maps in the brain suggests a unified mapping algorithmic strategy that can generalize to auditory, tactile and linguistic inputs. Here we demonstrate that predictive coding provides a natural and versatile neural network algorithm for constructing spatial maps using sensory data. We introduce a framework in which an agent navigates a virtual environment while engaging in visual predictive coding using a self-attention-equipped convolutional neural network. While learning a next-image prediction task, the agent automatically constructs an internal representation of the environment that quantitatively reflects spatial distances. The internal map enables the agent to pinpoint its location relative to landmarks using only visual information.The predictive coding network generates a vectorized encoding of the environment that supports vector navigation, where individual latent space units delineate localized, overlapping neighbourhoods in the environment. Broadly, our work introduces predictive coding as a unified algorithmic framework for constructing cognitive maps that can naturally extend to the mapping of auditory, sensorimotor and linguistic inputs.
Fabrication of covalently bonded MoS2–graphene heterostructures with different organic linkers
Authors: Chen Lei , Hou Hui-Lei , Prato Maurizio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAchieving stable and reliable 2D-2D van der Waals heterostructures remains challenging. The broadest strategy for synthesizing these heterostructures is growth or manually stacking one material on top of the other, yet it is inefficient. Here, we present a strategy for synthesizing covalently bonded MoS2-graphene heterostructures using organic linkers with two anchor sites at a low cost. Our covalent heterostructures exhibit a more homogeneously alternating structure than the corresponding randomly alternating structure of vdW heterostructures, as confirmed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements. Moreover, different linkers can be used to adjust the interlayer distance between graphene and MoS2, leading to significant impacts on their optical and electrochemical properties, including Photoluminescence (PL), cyclic voltammetry (CV), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and SERS. Our strategy offers opportunities to advance fundamental research and enable the practical application of 2D/2D van der Waals heterostructures in various fields, including optoelectronics, energy storage, and catalysis.
Precision imaging of cardiac function and scar size in acute and chronic porcine myocardial infarction using ultrahigh-field MRI
Authors: Lohr David , Kollmann Alena , Bille Maya , Terekhov Maxim , Elabyad Ibrahim , Hock Michael , Baltes Steffen , Reiter Theresa , Schnitter Florian , Bauer Wolfgang Rudolf , Hofmann Ulrich , Schreiber Laura Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
7 T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies may enable higher precision in clinical metrics like cardiac function, ventricular mass, and more. Higher precision may allow early detection of functional impairment and early evaluation of treatment responses in clinical practice and pre-clinical studies. Methods: Seven female German Landrace pigs were scanned prior to and at three time points (3–4 days, 7–10 days, and ~60 days) post myocardial infarction using a whole body 7 T system and three radiofrequency (RF) coils developed and built in-house to accompany animal growth. Results: The combination of dedicated RF hardware and 7 T MRI enables a longitudinal study in a pig model of acute and chronic infarction, providing consistent blood tissue contrast and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in measurements of cardiac function, as well as low coefficients of variation (CoV) for ejection fraction (CoVintra-observer: 2%, CoVinter-observer: 3.8%) and infarct size (CoVintra-observer: 8.4%, CoVinter-observer: 3.8%), despite drastic animal growth. Conclusions: Best results are achieved via manual segmentation. We define state-of-the-art procedures for large animal studies at 7 T.
Humans need auditory experience to produce typical volitional nonverbal vocalizations
Authors: Pisanski Katarzyna , Reby David , Oleszkiewicz Anna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHuman nonverbal vocalizations such as screams and cries often reflect their evolved functions. Although the universality of these putatively primordial vocal signals and their phylogenetic roots in animal calls suggest a strong reflexive foundation, many of the emotional vocalizations that we humans produce are under our voluntary control. This suggests that, like speech, volitional vocalizations may require auditory input to develop typically. Here, we acoustically analyzed hundreds of volitional vocalizations produced by profoundly deaf adults and typically-hearing controls. We show that deaf adults produce unconventional and homogenous vocalizations of aggression and pain that are unusually high-pitched, unarticulated, and with extremely few harsh-sounding nonlinear phenomena compared to controls. In contrast, fear vocalizations of deaf adults are relatively acoustically typical. In four lab experiments involving a range of perception tasks with 444 participants, listeners were less accurate in identifying the intended emotions of vocalizations produced by deaf vocalizers than by controls, perceived their vocalizations as less authentic, and reliably detected deafness. Vocalizations of congenitally deaf adults with zero auditory experience were most atypical, suggesting additive effects of auditory deprivation. Vocal learning in humans may thus be required not only for speech, but also to acquire the full repertoire of volitional non-linguistic vocalizations.
Multi‐feature fusion and memory‐based mobile robot target tracking system
Authors: Sun Hanqing , Zhang Shijie , Quan Qingle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn crowded settings, mobile robots face challenges like target disappearance and occlusion, impacting tracking performance. Despite existing optimisations, tracking in complex environments remains insufficient. To address this issue, the authors propose a tailored visual navigation tracking system for crowded scenes. For target disappearance, an autonomous navigation strategy based on target coordinates, utilising a path memory bank for intelligent search and re‐tracking is introduced. This significantly enhances tracking success. To handle target occlusion, the system relies on appearance features extracted by a target detection network and a feature memory bank for enhanced sensitivity. Servo control technology ensures robust target tracking by fully utilising appearance information and motion characteristics, even in occluded scenarios. Comprehensive testing on the OTB100 dataset validates the system's effectiveness in addressing target tracking challenges in diverse crowded environments, affirming algorithm robustness.
The effect of self-esteem on depressive symptoms among adolescents: the mediating roles of hope and anxiety
Authors: Gu Huang , Zhang Panpan , Li Jingyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have reported low self-esteem contributes to depressive symptoms among adolescents, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the mediating roles of hope and anxiety in the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. 431 adolescents between 13 and 18 years volunteered to complete a battery of questionnaires that included measures on the variables mentioned above. Results found that hope or anxiety mediated the association between self-esteem and female adolescents’ depression, while only anxiety mediated the association between self-esteem and male adolescents’ depression. Our findings highlight different underlying mechanisms between female and male adolescents. In the prevention and intervention of depressive symptoms, sound programs should be selected according to the gender characteristics of adolescents.
Climate knowledge or climate debate?
Authors: Bureau Pauline 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
While media coverage of climate change has been shown to imply selective knowledge transformation (Carvalho 2007; Brand & Brunnengräber 2012;
Kunelius & Roosvall 2021), studies assessing the potential for climate experts’
terminology to acquire ideological undertones as it enters mediatic discourses are still scarce. Through this article, we aim to
compare the meaning climate experts and the media give to terms pertaining to climate change in English discourses and to
determine whether potential cotextual variation in the discourses produced by these two communities have ideological implications.
To this aim, we use the deep learning algorithm Word2vec (Mikolov et al. 2013; González
Granado 2021) to identify terms whose cotext of occurrence is prone to high variability depending on whether it is included
in a newspaper corpus on climate change or one composed of reports from intergovernmental organizations. We then rely on
statistical tools from corpus linguistics to compare the main co-occurrences of two of the terms identified –
adaptation and energy security –, which we combine with Critical Discourse Analysis (Baker
et al. 2008) to interpret the variation in terms of meaning and ideological significance. Results suggest that the appropriation
of expert terminology by the media does entail a certain degree of conceptual variation, which notably seems to allow for bringing
issues of social justice, financing and energy transition into focus and assessing expert knowledge along those lines.
Disability in EU’s institutional discourse
Authors: Nisco Maria Cristina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
During the last decades, disability policy has undergone considerable changes at European level, evolving from a
disregarded branch of social policy to an essential area centered on equal rights and non-discrimination. In this context,
terminology and definitions have proved to be of pivotal importance since they can bear and impose more or less appropriate
theoretical perspectives, depending on the prevailing ideologies within society in different historical periods (Priestley 2007). Drawing on the assumption that the way disability is linguistically and
discursively construed at institutional level has a crucial effect on how it is experienced, the activities of supra-national
institutions appear all the more central to how disability is structured in relation to social policy, change, and politics.
Within the context of the EU, the European Commission seems particularly relevant since it plays a major role in policy
development. In fact, although the Parliament can amend or veto legislative acts, only the Commission can propose new
legislation.
This study concentrates on disability-related legislation and strategies – which increasingly shape the lives of
about 87 million disabled people estimated to live in Europe – by investigating how disability is framed in the EU’s institutional
discourse. Linguistic (qualitative and quantitative) analysis of two of the most recent documents issued by the European
Commission (namely the European Disability Strategy 2010–2020 and the European Disability Strategy 2021–2030) is meant to explore
the main principles through which disability is theorised and construed in relation to the dominant ideological system of beliefs
and values (Drake 1999; Grue 2020). Against
the backdrop of previous research (Waldschmidt 2009) which took into account EU
disability-related documents over a time-span ranging from 1958 to 2005, this paper seeks to shed light on the way discourses
about disability are created and perpetuated, to be then translated into policy outcomes in the last decades and the years to
come.
Dynamical stability and phase space analysis of an emergent Universe with non-interacting and interacting fluids
Authors: Roy Bikash Chandra , Chanda Anirban , Paul Bikash Chandra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We investigate the evolution of a flat Emergent Universe obtained with a non-linear equation of state (nEoS) in Einstein’s general theory of Relativity. The nEoS is equivalent to three different types of barotropic cosmic fluids, which are found from the nEoS parameter. The EU began expanding initially with no interactions among the cosmic fluids. However, one can assume an interaction that sets in at a time

t
⩾

t
i

in the cosmic fluids, we study the evolution of the EU that accommodates the present observed Universe. We adopt dynamical system analysis to study the critical points of the autonomous system and the evolutionary behavior of an EU with or without interaction among the cosmic fluid components. We also study the stability of critical points and plot the phase portraits. The density parameters and the corresponding cosmological parameters are determined for both the non-interacting and interacting phases of the evolutionary dynamics of the Universe.
HighTEA: high energy theory event analyser
Authors: Czakon Michał , Kassabov Zahari , Mitov Alexander , Poncelet Rene , Popescu Andrei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We introduce HighTEA, a new paradigm for deploying fully-differential next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) calculations for collider observables. In principle, any infrared safe observable can be computed and, with very few restrictions, the user has complete freedom in defining their calculation’s setup. For example, one can compute generic n-dimensional distributions, can define kinematic variables and factorization/renormalization scales, and can modify the strong coupling and parton distributions. HighTEA operates on the principle of analyzing precomputed events. It has all the required hardware and software infrastructure such that users only need to request their calculation via the internet before receiving the results, typically within minutes, in the form of a histogram. No specialized knowledge or computing infrastructure is required to fully utilize HighTEA, which could be used by both experts in particle physics and the general public. The current focus is on all classes of Large Hadron Collider (LHC) processes. Extensions beyond NNLO, or to e
+
e
− colliders, are natural next steps.
Magnetic skin effect in Pb(Fe

_{1/2}$

Nb

_{1/2}$

)O3
Authors: Giles-Donovan N , Hillier A D , Ishida K , Hampshire B V , Giblin S R , Roessli B , Gehring P M , Xu G , Li X , Luo H , Cochran S , Stock C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Relaxor-ferroelectrics display exceptional dielectric properties resulting from the underlying random dipolar fields induced by strong chemical inhomogeneity. An unusual structural aspect of relaxors is a skin-effect where the near-surface region in single crystals exhibit structures and critical phenomena that differ from the bulk. Relaxors are unique in that this skin effect extends over a macroscopic lengthscale of ∼100

μ
m

whereas usual surface layers only extend over a few unit cells (or ∼nm). We present a muon spectroscopy study of Pb(Fe

_{1/2}

Nb

_{1/2}

)O3 (PFN) which displays ferroelectric order, including many relaxor-like dielectric properties such as a frequency broadened dielectric response, and antiferromagnetism with spatially short-range polar correlations and hence can be termed a multiferroic. In terms of the magnetic behavior determined by the Fe3+ (

S
=
5

/

2

, L ≈ 0) ions, PFN has been characterized as a unique example of a ‘cluster spin-glass’. We use variable momentum muon spectroscopy to study the depth dependence of the slow magnetic relaxations in a large 1 cm3 crystal of PFN. Zero-field positive muon spin relaxation is parameterized using a stretched exponential, indicative of a distribution of relaxation rates of the Fe3+ spins. This bandwidth of frequencies changes as a function of muon momentum, indicative of a change in the Fe3+ relaxation rates as a function of muon implantation depth in our single crystal. Using negative muon elemental analysis, we find small-to-no measurable change in the Fe3+/Nb5+ concentration with depth implying that chemical concentration alone cannot account for the change in the relaxational dynamics. PFN displays an analogous magnetic skin effect reported to exist in the structural properties of relaxor-ferroelectrics.
A novel method to obtain the characteristic constant of a measurement chain
Authors: Yang Jing , Cui Zhitong , Cao Fei , Zhu Zhizhen , Dong Yayun , Qiu Mengtong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The characteristic constant is commonly used to reconstruct the measured signal when a measurement chain with flat wideband frequency response is applied. The characteristic constant is often calibrated by a standard pulse that follows a rectangular pulse behavior. However, a pulse that is more than similar to the measured signal is more suitable theoretically than a rectangular pulse as the calibration waveform. To reduce the measurement error caused by the calibration waveform, a novel method to optimize the calibration waveform is proposed in this paper. A dataset is constructed based on the prior information of the signal to be measured. Criterions for better calibration waveforms are also discussed. Dataset construction along with this criterion makes the calibration waveform optimization a solvable mathematical problem. The calibration waveform can then be quantitively evaluation and optimized. The optimized calibration waveform will make the error caused by the fluctuations in the frequency response of a proportional sensor as small as possible statistically. As an actual application case, simulation results are also provided to intuitively explain the method. The procedure to obtain the characteristic constant based on the optimized calibration waveform is then outlined. A calibration system for the given application case is built. Finally, an experiment is designed and executed. The experimental results approved the method proposed in this paper well.
Assessment of the accuracy and reliability of clinical thermometers for body temperature measurements at the hospital: a laboratory study
Authors: Shinsuphan Nikorn , Phanthi Aphinan , Leeudomwong Theera , Sanponpute Tassanai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the accuracy and reliability of two different types of thermometers: contact thermometers (CT) and non-contact thermometers (NCIRT) at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital. The comparison method was carried out in a hospital laboratory setting and followed a specific calibration procedure. The mean readings, errors, and measurement uncertainties were reported and categorized according to the manufacturer’s labeling models. The maximum permissible errors were defined by international standards and clinical acceptances for contact and NCIRTs, respectively. The results showed that thermometers of temperature probes (PTs) provided the highest level of accuracy. When compared to a reference standard thermometer (STD), the mean errors were only 0.04 °C at the calibration point of 37.0 °C. For digital CTs, the mean error at the calibration points of 37.0 °C was 0.24 °C. Most CT models exhibited high accuracy and reliability. However, the forehead (IRFTs) and ear (IRETs) readings significantly differed from the STD, with over half of all units not meeting the ISO 80601–2–56/ASTM E1965–98 standard requirements. These results suggest that CTs and PTs are highly accurate and reliable devices for measuring body temperature. However, both IRFTs and IRETs could be useful in certain situations, such as screening many people in a short amount of time, but their accuracy should be interpreted with caution and confirmed using a more precise method if necessary.
CMDS-SLAM: real-time efficient centralized multi-robot dense surfel SLAM
Authors: Zuo Chenle , Feng Zhao , Xiao Xiaohui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Real-time dense mapping technology for multi-robot systems is crucial in scenarios like search and rescue. This paper presents CMDS-SLAM, a centralized multi-robot dense surfel SLAM system aimed at overcoming limitations in hardware constraints, data transmission, and real-time creation and updating of dense maps in multi-robot SLAM. CMDS-SLAM reduces the transmission of dense information by employing a dense information filtering mechanism based on co-visual keyframes, in conjunction with the extraction and compression of superpixels. Additionally, the method employs a three-stage superpixel segmentation approach to optimize transmission and enhance the efficiency of surfel map generation. Finally, a surfel co-visibility graph is established, and multi-robot surfel map maintenance and updates are achieved through co-visibility graph and map optimization. A comprehensive evaluation of CMDS-SLAM indicates that the method enables multi-robot surfel mapping and significantly alleviates data transmission pressures while achieving real-time updates and maintenance of the surfel map.
Crystal structure identification with 3D convolutional neural networks with application to high-pressure phase transitions in SiO2
Authors: Erhard Linus C , Utt Daniel , Klomp Arne J , Albe Karsten 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Efficient, reliable and easy-to-use structure recognition of atomic environments is essential for the analysis of atomic scale computer simulations. In this work, we train two neuronal network (NN) architectures, namely PointNet and dynamic graph convolutional NN (DG-CNN) using different hyperparameters and training regimes to assess their performance in structure identification tasks of atomistic structure data. We show benchmarks on simple crystal structures, where we can compare against established methods. The approach is subsequently extended to structurally more complex SiO2 phases. By making use of this structure recognition tool, we are able to achieve a deeper understanding of the crystallization process in amorphous SiO2 under shock compression. Lastly, we show how the NN based structure identification workflows can be integrated into OVITO using its python interface.
Prevention of infinite-time blowup by slightly super-linear degradation in a Keller–Segel system with density-suppressed motility
Authors: Xiao Yamin , Jiang Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An initial-Neumann boundary value problem for a Keller–Segel system with density-suppressed motility and source terms is considered. Infinite-time blowup of the classical solution was previously observed for its source-free version when dimension

N
⩾
2

. In this work, we prove that with any source term involving a slightly super-linear degradation effect on the density, of a growth order of

s
log
⁡
s

at most, the classical solution is uniformly-in-time bounded when

N
⩽
3

, thus preventing the infinite-time explosion detected in the source-free counter-part. The cornerstone of our proof lies in an improved comparison argument and a construction of an entropy inequality.