bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of microhardness, degree of conversion, and abrasion resistance of nanoglass and multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced three‐dimensionally printed denture base resins
Authors: Mohamed Pansai Ashraf , Ibrahim Yomna Mohamed , Hanno Kenda Ibrahim Hisham , Abdul‐Monem Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the effect of nanoglass (NG) particles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes’ (MWCNTs) addition on Vickers hardness (VH), degree of conversion (DC), and abrasion resistance of 3D‐printed denture base resin.Materials and Methods3D‐printed denture base resin was reinforced using silanized NG and MWCNTs to obtain four groups: Control, 0.25 wt% NG reinforced resin, 0.25 wt% MWCNTs reinforced resin, and a combination group of 0.25 wt% of both fillers. All specimens (N= 176) were tested before and after thermal aging (600 cycles) for VH (n= 22), DC, and abrasion resistance (n= 22). Abrasion resistance specimens were subjected to 60,000 brushing strokes, and then assessed for surface roughness (Ra) and weight loss. Specimens were then scanned with a benchtop scanner before and after abrasion to produce a color map of topographical changes from superimposed images. Data were analyzed using ANOVA tests followed by Tukey post hoc test. Kruskal‐Wallis test was used to compare percent change among groups, followed by Dunn post hoc test (α= 0.05).ResultsThe interaction between nanofiller content and thermal cycling displayed a significant effect on VH and DC. The 0.25% NG expressed the highest VH before aging but revealed the highest percent decrease after aging. Nanofiller content, thermal aging, and brushing displayed a significant interaction impact on the Ra values.ConclusionsThe addition of nanofillers resulted in an overall improvement in resin microhardness and abrasion resistance. The 0.25% MWCNTs group revealed the lowest Ra with the least percent change in VH and DC, while the combination one displayed the least change in weight.
Coping with ethnic‐racial discrimination: Protective‐reactive effects of shift‐and‐persist coping on internalizing symptoms among Black American adolescents
Authors: Santo Cassidy Dal , Desmarais Ariane , Christophe N. Keita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEthnic‐racial discrimination has pervasive negative effects on Black youth's mental health; therefore, it is crucial to identify factors that provide resilience against discrimination. Two promising factors to help youth cope are ethnic‐racial identity (how one feels about their ethnicity/race) and shift‐and‐persist coping (reappraising and accepting an uncontrollable stressor while remaining optimistic about the future). While there is existing scholarship on ethnic‐racial identity among Black youth, this work has not yet assessed the impacts of shift‐and‐persist in this population. Using a sample of 155 Black youth (ages 13–17), the current study examined the interplay between discrimination, ethnic‐racial identity, shift‐and‐persist coping, and internalizing symptoms. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were positively associated with discrimination and negatively associated with shift‐and‐persist. Significant interactions between discrimination and shift‐and‐persist predicting both depressive and anxiety symptoms revealed significant negative associations between shift‐and‐persist and internalizing symptoms at low and average, but not high discrimination levels. Effects are, thus, protective‐reactive; the protective effects of shift‐and‐persist are not significant for youth facing high levels of discrimination. Ethnic‐racial identity, surprisingly, was not significantly associated with either depressive or anxiety symptoms, nor did it interact with shift‐and‐persist as it has in studies of Latinx youth. By understanding the protective benefits of shift‐and‐persist and ethnic‐racial identity in Black youth, during a pivotal period for mental health, we can provide this growing population with tools to lessen the maladaptive outcomes associated with discrimination.
A critical perspective on institutional violence against hospitalized children: Testimonies by health professionals and family members
Authors: Santos Ana Carla Petersen de Oliveira , de Camargo Climene Laura , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , de Araujo Cristina Nunes Vitor , Whitaker Maria Carolina Ortiz , Zilli Francielly , Martins Ridalva Dias , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to understand institutional violence (IV) in the relationships between health professionals, hospitalized children, and family members. This is a qualitative study developed at the pediatric inpatient unit of a university hospital in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The research participants consisted of 39 health professionals who specialized in pediatrics and 10 family members of hospitalized children. Semi‐structured interviews were the method used for data collection. Using discourse analysis as a basis and taking a Foucauldian perspective, the researchers observed that the expressions of IV could be traced to abusive power relations within the system. We found four discursive forms within the data set: communication problems as IV, violence through inattention and neglect, violence as an action and consequent materialization on the body, and psychological violence as a submission mechanism. Based on these findings, we argue that professionals, managers, the scientific community, and users might be able to better guarantee the safety of children by recognizing IV and effectively intervening in it.
Abscisic acid increase correlates with the soil water threshold of transpiration decline during drought
Authors: Manandhar Anju , Pichaco Javier , McAdam Scott A. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBy regulating carbon uptake and water loss by plants, stomata are not only responsible for productivity but also survival during drought. The timing of the onset of stomatal closure is crucial for preventing excessive water loss during drought, but is poorly explained by plant hydraulics alone and what triggers stomatal closure remains disputed. We investigated whether the hormone abscisic acid (ABA) was this trigger in a highly embolism‐resistant tree species Umbellularia californica. We tracked leaf ABA levels, determined the leaf water potential and gravimetric soil water content (gSWC) thresholds for stomatal closure and transpiration decline during a progressive drought. We found that U. californica plants have a peaking‐type ABA dynamic, where ABA levels rise early in drought and then decline under prolonged drought conditions. The early increase in ABA levels correlated with the closing of stomata and reduced transpiration. Furthermore, we found that transpiration declined before any large decreases in predawn plant water status and could best be explained by transient drops in midday water potentials triggering increased ABA levels. Our results indicate that ABA‐mediated stomatal regulation may be an integral mechanism for reducing transpiration during drought before major drops in bulk soil and plant water status.
Analysis of root‐environment interactions reveals mechanical advantages of growth‐driven penetration of roots
Authors: Koren Yoni , Perilli Alessia , Tchaicheeyan Oren , Lesman Ayelet , Meroz Yasmine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlant roots are considered highly efficient soil explorers. As opposed to the push‐driven penetration strategy commonly used by many digging organisms, roots penetrate by growing, adding new cells at the tip, and elongating over a well‐defined growth zone. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical aspects associated with root penetration is currently lacking. We perform penetration experiments following Arabidopsis thaliana roots growing into an agar gel environment, and a needle of similar dimensions pushed into the same agar. We measure and compare the environmental deformations in both cases by following the displacement of fluorescent beads embedded within the gel, combining confocal microscopy and Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) analysis. We find that deformations are generally smaller for growing roots. To better understand the mechanical differences between the two penetration strategies, we develop a computational model informed by experiments. Simulations show that, compared to push‐driven penetration, grow‐driven penetration reduces frictional forces and mechanical work, with lower propagation of displacements in the surrounding medium. These findings shed light on the complex interaction of plant roots with their environment, providing a quantitative understanding based on a comparative approach.
Variations in ectomycorrhizal exploration types parallel seedling fine root traits of two temperate tree species under extreme drought and contrasting solar radiation treatments
Authors: Xie Lulu , Yang Yanmeng , Ma Jingran , Lin Guigang , Deng Jiaojiao , Robson Thomas M. , Peng Huan , Zhou Li , Yu Dapao , Wang Qing‐Wei 
Published: August 2024

Summary statementHigh solar radiation exacerbated the negative effects of extreme drought on plant growth and fine root traits. Ectomycorrhizae did not compensate for fine roots under drought stress. Fine roots biomass determined the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi, supporting the energy limitation hypothesis.
Bad faith as true contradiction: On the dialetheist interpretation of Sartre
Authors: McNulty Jacob 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis essay defends a modified version of Nahum Browns “dialetheist” interpretation of bad faith. On this interpretation, bad faith, as a form of self‐deception, constitutes a dialetheia or true contradiction. While in agreement with the dialetheist interpretation, I argue that bad faith is just as much a flight from true contradiction and towards what I call “sham consistency.” I also put forward a multi‐step model of bad faith as cyclical, recursive and reflexive. And I respond to the objection that bad faith involves a truth value gap rather than a glut. I finally employ the dialetheist interpretation to explain Sartres contention that bad faith has its origins in the most primitive layer of human experience: the pre‐reflective cogito.
Leaf membrane leakage and xylem hydraulic failure define the point of no return in drought‐induced tree mortality in Cupressus sempervirens
Authors: Alon Asaf , Cohen Shabtai , Burlett Regis , Eselson Elena , Riov Joseph , Delzon Sylvain , David‐Schwartz Rakefet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMeasurements of resistance to embolism suggest that Cupressus sempervirens has a stem xylem that resists embolism at very negative water potentials, with 50% embolism (P50) at water potentials of approximately −10 MPa. However, field observations in a semi‐arid region suggest tree mortality occurs before 10% embolism. To explore the interplay between embolism and plant mortality, we conducted a controlled drought experiment involving two types of CS seedlings: a local seed source (S‐type) and a drought‐resistant clone propagated from a semi‐arid forest (C‐type). We measured resistance to embolism, leaf relative water content (RWC), water potential, photosynthesis, electrolyte leakage (EL), plant water loss, leaf hydraulic conductivity, and leaf non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) content during plant dehydration and before rewatering. All measured individuals were monitored for survival or mortality. While the S‐ and C‐types differed in P50, transpiration, and mortality rates, both displayed seedling mortality corresponding to threshold values of 52–55% leaf RWC, 55% and 18.5% percent loss of conductivity (PLC) in the xylem, which corresponds to 48% and 37% average EL values for S and C types, respectively. Although C‐type C. sempervirens NSC content increased in response to drought, no differences were observed in NSC content between live and dead seedlings of both types. Our findings do not fully explain tree mortality in the field but they do indicate that loss of membrane integrity occurs before or at xylem water potential, leading to hydraulic failure.
Investigation of singlet‐oxygen‐responsive genes in the cyanobacterium SynechocystisPCC 6803
Authors: Patyi Gábor , Hódi Barbara , Mallick Ivy , Maróti Gergely , Kós Péter B. , Vass Imre 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) is an important reactive oxygen species whose formation by the type‐II, light‐dependent, photodynamic reaction is inevitable during photosynthetic processes. In the last decades, the recognition that 1O2 is not only a damaging agent, but can also affect gene expression and participates in signal transduction pathways has received increasing attention. However, contrary to several other taxa, 1O2‐responsive genes have not been identified in the important cyanobacterial model organism Synechocystis PCC 6803. By using global transcript analysis we have identified a large set of Synechocystis genes, whose transcript levels were either enhanced or repressed in the presence of 1O2. Characteristic 1O2 responses were observed in several light‐inducible genes of Synechocystis, especially in the hli (or scp) family encoding HLIP/SCP proteins involved in photoprotection. Other important 1O2‐induced genes include components of the Photosystem II repair machinery (psbA2 and ftsH2, ftsH3), iron homeostasis genes isiA and idiA, the group 2 sigma factor sigD, some components of the transcriptomes induced by salt‐, hyperosmotic and cold‐stress, as well as several genes of unknown function. The most pronounced 1O2‐induced upregulation was observed for the hliB and the co‐transcribed lilA genes, whose deletion induced enhanced sensitivity against 1O2‐mediated light damage. A bioreporter Synechocystis strain was created by fusing the hliB promoter to the bacterial luciferase (lux), which showed its utility for continuous monitoring of 1O2 concentrations inside the cell.
Comparative transcriptome database for Camellia sinensis reveals genes related to the cold sensitivity and albino mechanism of ‘Anji Baicha’
Authors: Zheng Xinghai , Ali Zahin Mohd , Lim Peng Ken , Mutwil Marek , Wang Yuefei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTea, a globally popular beverage, contains various beneficial secondary metabolites. Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) exhibit diverse genetic traits across cultivars, impacting yield, adaptability, morphology, and secondary metabolite composition. Many tea cultivars have been the subject of much research interest, which have led to the accumulation of publicly available RNA‐seq data. As such, it has become possible to systematically summarize the characteristics of different cultivars at the transcriptomic level, identify functional genes, and infer gene functions through co‐expression analysis. Here, the transcriptomes of 9 tea cultivars were assembled, and comparative analysis was conducted on the coding sequences of 13 cultivars. To give access to this data, we present TeaNekT (https://teanekt.sbs.ntu.edu.sg/), a web resource that facilitates the prediction of gene functions of various tea cultivars. We used TeaNekT to perform a cross‐cultivar comparison of co‐expressed gene clusters and tissue‐specific gene expression. We observed that ‘Anji Baicha’ possesses the highest number of cultivar‐specific genes and the second‐highest number of expanded genes. These genes in ‘Anji Baicha’ tend to be enriched in functions associated with cold stress response, chloroplast thylakoid structure, and nitrogen metabolism. Notably, we identified three significantly expanded homologous genes in ‘Anji Baicha’ encoding the ICE1, SIZ1, and MAPKK2, which are closely associated with the cold sensitivity of ‘Anji Baicha’. Additionally, one significantly expanded homologous gene in ‘Anji Baicha’ encoding regulatory factor RIQ may play a crucial role in the abnormal chloroplast structure and absence of thylakoid membranes in ‘Anji Baicha’.
Electrophysiological correlates of why humans deviate from rational decision‐making: A registered replication study
Authors: Rodrigues Johannes , Weiß Martin , Hein Grit , Hewig Johannes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn contrast to rational choice theory predicting humans to optimize expected utilities of choices, humans deviate from rational behavior in decision‐making paradigms. Hewig et al. (2011) explored affective correlates of decision‐making in the ultimatum game (UG) and the dictator game (DG). They found that feedback‐related negativity (FRN), subjective valence ratings, and autonomic nervous system activity predicted rejection of monetary offers. This registered replication aimed to validate and extend these findings. Although behavioral patterns and results of subjective ratings closely matched the original study, not all psychophysiological effects were successfully replicated. Firstly, we could not replicate the reported effects of autonomic nervous system activity. Secondly, a quadratic instead of the originally proposed linear relation between the offer and the FRN emerged, possibly driven by the offer evaluation in economic games and the rewarding anticipation of successful punishment for low offers. Thirdly, P3 amplitudes mirrored the quadratic offer response pattern, generally peaking for the lowest offer. In contrast to the original study, P3 responses were larger in the UG compared with the DG. Finally, our findings indicate that participant‐related higher midfrontal theta activation predicted lower acceptance behavior in the UG, with a systematic dampening effect for fairer offers. This highlights cognitive control as a crucial mechanism in economic decision‐making to overcome behavioral defaults. Overall, our results conceptually support the original conclusion that decision‐making in economic games is non‐rational and dependent on the objective situation as well as emotional and neural markers, though not precisely as suggested by Hewig et al. (2011).
Asymptotic profiles of positive steady states in a reaction–diffusion benthic–drift model
Authors: Qu Anqi , Wang Jinfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate a reaction–diffusion–advection benthic–drift model, where the population is divided into two interacting groups: individuals dispersing in the drift zone and individuals living in the benthic zone. For different growth types of the benthic population, we present asymptotic profiles of positive steady states in three cases: (i) large advection; (ii) small diffusion of the drift population; and (iii) large diffusion of the drift population. We prove that in case (i) both the benthic and drift individuals concentrate only at the downstream end; in case (ii), both benthic and drift population reside inhomogeneously in , stay away from the upstream end , and concentrate only at the downstream ; and in case (iii), the drift species distributes evenly on the entire habitat and the benthic species distributes inhomogeneously throughout the habitat. The result supplements the dynamical behaviors of benthic–drift models developed in earlier works and is also of its own interest.
Iron deficiency‐related symptoms in non‐anemic whole blood donors
Authors: Karregat J. , Meulenbeld A. , Abubakar J. , Quee F. A. , van den Hurk K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhole blood donors are at increased risk for iron deficiency (ID). ID anemia is associated with several symptoms, such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, pica, and restless leg syndrome (RLS). However, it is unclear if these symptoms also occur when a donor has developed ID without anemia. This study aims to determine whether non‐anemic ID (NAID) is associated with the occurrence of ID‐related symptoms.Study Designs and MethodsWe combined data from three studies in whole blood donors (i.e., Donor Insight‐III, FIND'EM, and FORTE) to create a substantial sample size (N = 12,143). The self‐reported occurrence and severity of ID‐related symptoms, such as physical and mental health, fatigue, cognitive functioning, pica, and RLS, was measured using validated questionnaires. Associations were studied using logistic regression modeling with ID‐related symptoms derived from the questionnaires as the dependent variable and ferritin level group (0–15 μg/L, 15–30 μg/L, and >30 μg/L) as explanatory variable.ResultsAfter applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9829 donors were eligible for analysis. In the models corrected for age, body mass index, Hb level, and cohort, only fatigue was shown to be associated with ferritin levels in men, showing lower odds (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11–1.79) for fatigue with higher ferritin levels.ConclusionIn these studies, NAID was only associated with self‐reported fatigue in male donors. Although selection bias may have led to underestimated associations, ferritin measurements in donors should be primarily considered as a measure to prevent anemia, rather than to prevent or mitigate NAID‐related symptoms.
Use of group A thawed plasma in emergency transfusions at a pediatric quaternary care center
Authors: Jacquot Cyril , Jones Tahirah , Bahar Burak , Cabacar Julia , Webb Jennifer , Mo Yunchuan Delores , Tavares da Souza Antoine , Delaney Meghan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundBalanced plasma/red blood cell transfusions have shown survival benefit in emergency scenarios. To improve plasma availability, we implemented 5‐day group A thawed plasma at our pediatric hospital in February 2021.Study Design and MethodsWe maintain thawed group A plasma units (5‐day shelf‐life) ready for immediate issue in the blood bank (since February 2021) and trauma code room (since August 2022). Group A plasma (un‐titered) is issued for patients with unknown blood type during emergencies. We retrospectively reviewed records and laboratory results of recipients to assess safety and identify possible adverse events related to incompatible plasma.ResultsBetween February 2021 and December 2023, 173 emergency plasma requests occurred for 161 patients. Ninety‐one occurred with massive transfusion protocol activations. Thirty‐six patients (22.4%) were blood group B or AB, and 23 received incompatible plasma (age 0–21.3 years, weight 0.74–149.8 kg, incompatible plasma dose 4.0–428.4 mL/kg). These patients did not have any differences in survival outcomes or hospital lengths of stay (LOS) compared with compatible plasma recipients, mirroring the adult experience. None experienced adverse events related to group A plasma. No transfusion reactions were reported. No increase in wastage/outdate occurred upon thawed plasma implementation (2020 versus 2021 to 2023, 7.73% [133/1721] vs. 8.58% [497/5792], p = .284).ConclusionsWe implemented 5‐day group A thawed plasma. Units are rapidly available from the blood bank and trauma code room without increased wastage. We did not identify any transfusion‐associated adverse events in pediatric recipients of incompatible group A plasma.
Asymptotic behavior of Laplacian eigenvalues of subspace inclusion graphs
Authors: Lew Alan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLet be the simplicial complex whose vertices are the nontrivial subspaces of and whose simplices correspond to families of subspaces forming a flag. Let be the ‐dimensional weighted upper Laplacian on . The spectrum of was first studied by Garland, who obtained a lower bound on its nonzero eigenvalues. Here, we focus on the case. We determine the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of as tends to infinity. In particular, we show that for large enough , has exactly distinct eigenvalues, and that every eigenvalue of tends to as goes to infinity. This solves the zero‐dimensional case of a conjecture of Papikian.