bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of cardiac disease and observations on lack of potential predictors by clinical history among children presenting for cardiac evaluation of mid-exertional syncope
Authors: Miyake Christina Y. , Motonaga Kara S. , Fischer-Colbrie Megan E. , Chen Liyuan , Hanisch Debra G. , Balise Raymond R. , Kim Jeffrey J. , Dubin Anne M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the incidence of cardiac disorders among children with mid-exertional syncope evaluated by a paediatric cardiologist, determine how often a diagnosis was not established, and define potential predictors to differentiate cardiac from non-cardiac causes.Study designWe carried out a single-centre, retrospective review of children who presented for cardiac evaluation due to a history of exertional syncope between 1999 and 2012. Inclusion criteria included the following: (1) age ⩽18 years; (2) mid-exertional syncope; (3) electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and an exercise stress test, electrophysiology study, or tilt test, with exception of long QT, which did not require additional testing; and (4) evaluation by a paediatric cardiologist. Mid-exertional syncope was defined as loss of consciousness in the midst of active physical activity. Patients with peri-exertional syncope immediately surrounding but not during active physical exertion were excluded.ResultsA total of 60 patients met the criteria for mid-exertional syncope; 32 (53%) were diagnosed with cardiac syncope and 28 with non-cardiac syncope. A majority of cardiac patients were diagnosed with an electrical myopathy, the most common being Long QT syndrome. In nearly half of the patients, a diagnosis could not be established or syncope was felt to be vasovagal in nature. Neither the type of exertional activity nor the symptoms or lack of symptoms occurring before, immediately preceding, and after the syncopal event differentiated those with or without a cardiac diagnosis.ConclusionsChildren with mid-exertional syncope are at risk for cardiac disease and warrant evaluation. Reported symptoms may not differentiate benign causes from life-threatening disease.
Comparison of atherogenic risk factors among poorly controlled and well-controlled adolescent phenylketonuria patients
Authors: Gündüz Mehmet , Çakar Sevim , Kuyum Pınar , Makay Balahan , Arslan Nur 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies investigating the known risk factors of atherosclerosis in phenylketonuria patients have shown conflicting results. The primary aim of our study was to investigate the serum atherogenic markers in adolescent classical phenylketonuria patients and compare these parameters with healthy peers. The secondary aim was to compare these atherogenic markers in well-controlled and poorly controlled patients.MethodsA total of 59 patients (median age: 12.6 years, range: 11–17 years) and 44 healthy controls (median age: 12.0 years, range: 11–15 years) were enrolled in our study. Phenylketonuria patients were divided into two groups: well-controlled (serum phenylalanine levels below 360 µmol/L; 24 patients) and poorly controlled patients (serum phenylalanine levels higher than 360 µmol/L).ResultsThe mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of well-controlled patients (1.0±0.2 mmol/L) were significantly lower compared with poorly controlled patients and controls (1.1±0.2 mmol/L, p=0.011 and 1.4±0.2 mmol/L, p<0.001, respectively). Poorly controlled patients had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than healthy controls (p=0.003). Homocysteine levels of both well-controlled (9.8±6.4 µmol/L) and poorly controlled (9.2±5.6 µmol/L) patients were higher compared with controls (5.8±1.8 µmol/L, p<0.01). The mean platelet volume of well-controlled patients (9.5±1.1 fL) was higher than that of poorly controlled patients and controls (8.9±0.8 fL, p=0.024 and 7.7±0.6 fL, p<0.001, respectively).ConclusionLower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher homocysteine and mean platelet volume levels were detected in phenylketonuria patients. In particular, these changes were more prominent in well-controlled patients. We conclude that phenylketonuria patients might be at risk for atherosclerosis, and therefore screening for atherosclerotic risk factors should be included in the phenylketonuria therapy and follow-up in addition to other parameters.
Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes of children in Oklahoma child-care centres, USA
Authors: Rasbold Andrea H , Adamiec Ruth , Anderson Michael P , Campbell Janis E , Horm Diane M , Sitton Leslie K , Sisson Susan B 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo determine macronutrients and micronutrients in foods served to and consumed by children at child-care centres in Oklahoma, USA and compare them with Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI).DesignObserved lunch nutrients compared with one-third of the age-based DRI (for 1–3 years-olds and 4–8-year-olds).SettingsOklahoma child-care centres (n25), USA.SubjectsChildren aged 3–5 years (n415).ResultsRegarding macronutrients, children were served 1782 (sd686) kJ (426 (sd164) kcal), 22·0 (sd9·0) g protein, 51·5 (sd20·4) g carbohydrate and 30·7 (sd8·7) % total fat; they consumed 1305 (sd669) kJ (312 (sd160 kcal), 16·0 (sd9·1) g protein, 37·6 (sd18·5) g carbohydrate and 28·9 (sd10·6) % total fat. For both age-based DRI: served energy (22–33 % of children), protein and carbohydrate exceeded; consumed energy (7–13 % of children) and protein exceeded, while carbohydrate was inadequate. Regarding micronutrients, for both age-based DRI: served Mg (65·9 (sd24·7) mg), Zn (3·8 (sd11·8) mg), vitamin A (249·9 (sd228·3) μg) and folate (71·9 (sd40·1) µg) exceeded; vitamin E (1·4 (sd2·1) mg) was inadequate; served Fe (2·8 (sd1·8) mg) exceeded only in 1–3-year-olds. Consumed folate (48·3 (sd38·4) µg) met; Ca (259·4 (sd146·2) mg) and Zn (2·3 (sd3·0) mg) exceeded for 1–3-year-olds, but were inadequate for 4–8-year-olds. For both age-based DRI: consumed Fe (1·9 (sd1·2) mg) and vitamin E (1·0 (sd1·7) mg) were inadequate; Mg (47·2 (sd21·8) mg) and vitamin A (155·0 (sd126·5) µg) exceeded.ConclusionsLunch at child-care centres was twice the age-based DRI for consumed protein, while energy and carbohydrate were inadequate. Areas of improvement for micronutrients pertain to Fe and vitamin E for all children; Ca, Zn, vitamin E and folate for older pre-schoolers. Adequate nutrients are essential for development and the study reveals where public health nutrition experts, policy makers and care providers should focus to improve the nutrient density of foods.
Prevalence and covariates of food insecurity among residents of single-room occupancy housing in Chicago, IL, USA
Authors: Bowen Elizabeth A , Bowen Sarah K , Barman-Adhikari Anamika 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveEmerging evidence suggests that food insecurity is a significant public health concern among people who are homeless or marginally housed. The present study assessed prevalence of food insecurity and its covariates among a group of marginally housed individuals living in single-room occupancy (SRO) dwellings, a population for which there is little extant health or nutrition research.DesignCross-sectional survey incorporating the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale.SettingTen private SRO residences in the Uptown neighbourhood of Chicago, IL, USA, 2013.SubjectsSRO residents over 18 years of age who were able to communicate verbally in English (n153).ResultsFood insecurity was widespread among SRO residents, with 75 % of the sample considered food insecure and 52 % meeting criteria for severe food insecurity. Bivariate analyses indicated that female gender, eating most meals at a soup kitchen, having a mental health condition, problem drinking, having at least one chronic health condition, and diabetes were all significantly associated with food insecurity. In the multivariate ordered logistic regression model, eating most meals at a soup kitchen remained as the only significant correlate of food insecurity (OR=10·13).ConclusionsSRO residents and other marginally housed populations face unique food access challenges. Although targeted assistance in the form of food stamps and congregate meal programmes remains critical, efforts to prevent and address food insecurity among homeless and marginally housed individuals should include policy interventions that recognize poverty as the root cause of food insecurity and aim to increase overall income and improve housing conditions.
Results of the market-oriented reform in the Netherlands: a review
Authors: Maarse Hans , Jeurissen Patrick , Ruwaard Dirk 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe market-oriented reform in the Dutch health care system is now in its 10th year. This article offers a concise overview of some of its effects thus far on health insurance, healthcare purchasing and healthcare provision. Furthermore, attention is given to its impact on healthcare expenditures, power and trust relationships as well as the relationship between the Minister of Health and the Dutch Healthcare Authority. The reform triggered various alterations in Dutch health care some occurring quickly (e.g. health insurance), others taking longer (e.g. purchasing). These developments suggest a process of gradual transformation. The reform has instigated controversy which is increasingly framed as a power conflict between insurers and providers. Weakened consumer trust in insurers threatens the legitimacy of the reform. The relationship between Minister and Healthcare Authority appears to be more intimate than the formal independent status of this regulatory agency would suggest.
The northernmost records of two Neoclinus blennies (Teleostei: Chaenopsidae) from the Sea of Japan
Authors: Murase Atsunobu , Tashiro Fumihito , Awata Satoshi 
Published: August 2015

Two chaenopsid fishes,Neoclinus chihiroeandNeoclinus lacunicola, were collected from Sadogashima Island, the Sea of Japan. The collected specimens represent the northernmost records of the two species and the first voucher specimens from the Sea of Japan. Morphological information and colour photographs, including underwater photos, of these specimens were provided. Additional photographic evidence from Tobi-shima Island, ~100 km north-north-east of Sadogashima Island, further extended the northernmost record ofNeoclinus lacunicola.
Involvement of inhibitory PAS domain protein in neuronal cell death in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Torii S , Kasai S , Suzuki A , Todoroki Y , Yokozawa K , Yasumoto K-I , Seike N , Kiyonari H , Mukumoto Y , Kakita A , Sogawa K 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInhibitory PAS domain protein (IPAS), a repressor of hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent transcription under hypoxia, was found to exert pro-apoptotic activity in oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, physiological and pathological processes associated with this activity are not known. Here we show that IPAS is a key molecule involved in neuronal cell death in Parkinson’s disease (PD). IPAS was ubiquitinated by Parkin for proteasomal degradation following carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone treatment. Phosphorylation of IPAS at Thr12 by PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) was required for ubiquitination to occur. Activation of the PINK1–Parkin pathway attenuated IPAS-dependent apoptosis. IPAS was markedly induced in the midbrain following 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration, and IPAS-deficient mice showed resistance to MPTP-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). A significant increase in IPAS expression was found in SNpc neurons in patients with sporadic PD. These results indicate a mechanism of neurodegeneration in PD.
An openable artificial intestinal tract system for the in vitro evaluation of medicines
Authors: Konishi Satoshi , Fujita Takuya , Hattori Koji , Kono Yusuke , Matsushita Yoshifumi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn vitro drug screening systems for pharmacological targets have been studied as substitutes for whole-animal experiments. Cultured cells or tissues provide promising substitution models when coupled with technological innovations in micro total analysis systems. In this study, we focus on an intestinal drug absorption assay, as the oral route is most frequently used for drug administration. Pharmacological studies have reported the development of artificial vessels that include tubular structures. However, it is difficult to observe the insides of these tubes in situ. To address this problem, we developed a micro-device that uses a pneumatic balloon actuator (PBA) to open and close an artificial intestinal tract. A human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) was cultivated on the flat surface of the micro-device for 7 days to form the inner cellular layer of an artificial intestinal tract with which to evaluate drug transport. The artificial intestinal tract was completely actuated from a flat plate to a circular tube via a PBA with a pressure of 65 kPa, and drugs were perfused at a flow rate of 0.05 mL min−1 into the tubular artificial intestinal tract for 1 h. Using the openable artificial intestinal tract, the in vitro absorption of calcein and Texas Red were successfully estimated as models of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, respectively. The artificial intestinal tract enables the effective evaluation of the in vitro intestinal absorption of drug candidates and contributes to the reduction of costs incurred during the initial stage of drug development.
Sperm navigation along helical paths in 3D chemoattractant landscapes
Authors: Jikeli Jan F. , Alvarez Luis , Friedrich Benjamin M. , Wilson Laurence G. , Pascal René , Colin Remy , Pichlo Magdalena , Rennhack Andreas , Brenker Christoph , Kaupp U. Benjamin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSperm require a sense of direction to locate the egg for fertilization. They follow gradients of chemical and physical cues provided by the egg or the oviduct. However, the principles underlying three-dimensional (3D) navigation in chemical landscapes are unknown. Here using holographic microscopy and optochemical techniques, we track sea urchin sperm navigating in 3D chemoattractant gradients. Sperm sense gradients on two timescales, which produces two different steering responses. A periodic component, resulting from the helical swimming, gradually aligns the helix towards the gradient. When incremental path corrections fail and sperm get off course, a sharp turning manoeuvre puts sperm back on track. Turning results from an ‘off’ Ca2+ response signifying a chemoattractant stimulation decrease and, thereby, a drop in cyclic GMP concentration and membrane voltage. These findings highlight the computational sophistication by which sperm sample gradients for deterministic klinotaxis. We provide a conceptual and technical framework for studying microswimmers in 3D chemical landscapes.
Batf is important for IL-4 expression in T follicular helper cells
Authors: Sahoo Anupama , Alekseev Andrei , Tanaka Kentaro , Obertas Lidiya , Lerman Beatrisa , Haymaker Cara , Clise-Dwyer Karen , McMurray John S. , Nurieva Roza 
Published: August 2015

AbstractApart from T helper (Th)-2 cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a major class of IL-4-producing T cells, required for regulation of type 2 humoral immunity; however, transcriptional control of IL-4 production in Tfh cells remains mainly unknown. Here, we show that the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like, Batf is important for IL-4 expression in Tfh cells rather than in canonical Th2 cells. Functionally, Batf in cooperation with interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 4 along with Stat3 and Stat6 trigger IL-4 production in Tfh cells by directly binding to and activation of the CNS2 region in the IL-4 locus. In addition, Batf-to-c-Maf signalling is an important determinant of IL-4 expression in Tfh cells. Batf deficiency impairs the generation of IL-4-producing Tfh cells that results in protection against allergic asthma. Our results thus indicate a positive role of Batf in promoting the generation of pro-allergic IL-4-producing Tfh cells.
Cell shape dynamics during the staphylococcal cell cycle
Authors: Monteiro João M. , Fernandes Pedro B. , Vaz Filipa , Pereira Ana R. , Tavares Andreia C. , Ferreira Maria T. , Pereira Pedro M. , Veiga Helena , Kuru Erkin , VanNieuwenhze Michael S. , Brun Yves V. , Filipe Sérgio R. , Pinho Mariana G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is an aggressive pathogen and a model organism to study cell division in sequential orthogonal planes in spherical bacteria. However, the small size of staphylococcal cells has impaired analysis of changes in morphology during the cell cycle. Here we use super-resolution microscopy and determine that S. aureus cells are not spherical throughout the cell cycle, but elongate during specific time windows, through peptidoglycan synthesis and remodelling. Both peptidoglycan hydrolysis and turgor pressure are required during division for reshaping the flat division septum into a curved surface. In this process, the septum generates less than one hemisphere of each daughter cell, a trait we show is common to other cocci. Therefore, cell surface scars of previous divisions do not divide the cells in quadrants, generating asymmetry in the daughter cells. Our results introduce a need to reassess the models for division plane selection in cocci.
Urothelial cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition after exposure to muscle invasive bladder cancer exosomes
Authors: Franzen C A , Blackwell R H , Todorovic V , Greco K A , Foreman K E , Flanigan R C , Kuo P C , Gupta G N 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBladder cancer, the fourth most common noncutaneous malignancy in the United States, is characterized by high recurrence rate, with a subset of these cancers progressing to a deadly muscle invasive form of disease. Exosomes are small secreted vesicles that contain proteins, mRNA and miRNA, thus potentially modulating signaling pathways in recipient cells. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell–cell adhesion and gain migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells. EMT has been implicated in the initiation of metastasis for cancer progression. We investigated the ability of bladder cancer-shed exosomes to induce EMT in urothelial cells. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from T24 or UMUC3 invasive bladder cancer cell conditioned media or from patient urine or bladder barbotage samples. Exosomes were then added to the urothelial cells and EMT was assessed. Urothelial cells treated with bladder cancer exosomes showed an increased expression in several mesenchymal markers, including α-smooth muscle actin, S100A4 and snail, as compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated cells. Moreover, treatment of urothelial cells with bladder cancer exosomes resulted in decreased expression of epithelial markers E-cadherin and β-catenin, as compared with the control, PBS-treated cells. Bladder cancer exosomes also increased the migration and invasion of urothelial cells, and this was blocked by heparin pretreatment. We further showed that exosomes isolated from patient urine and bladder barbotage samples were able to induce the expression of several mesenchymal markers in recipient urothelial cells. In conclusion, the research presented here represents both a new insight into the role of exosomes in transition of bladder cancer into invasive disease, as well as an introduction to a new platform for exosome research in urothelial cells.
Global database of matched Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax incidence and prevalence records from 1985–2013
Authors: Battle Katherine E. , Guerra Carlos A. , Golding Nick , Duda Kirsten A. , Cameron Ewan , Howes Rosalind E. , Elyazar Iqbal R.F. , Baird J. Kevin , Reiner Robert C. , Gething Peter W. , Smith David L. , Hay Simon I. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMeasures of clinical incidence are necessary to help estimate the burden of a disease. Incidence is a metric not commonly measured in malariology because the longitudinal surveys required are costly and labour intensive. This database is an effort to collate published incidence records obtained using active case detection for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. The literature search methods, data abstraction procedures and data processing procedures are described here. A total of 1,680 spatio-temporally unique incidence records were collected for the database: 1,187 for P. falciparum and 493 for P. vivax. These data were gathered to model the relationship between clinical incidence and prevalence of infection and can be used for a variety of modelling exercises including the assessment of change in disease burden in relation to age and control interventions. The subset of data that have been used for such modelling exercises are described and identified.
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory library of bacterial and archaeal proteomic biodiversity
Authors: Payne Samuel H. , Monroe Matthew E. , Overall Christopher C. , Kiebel Gary R. , Degan Michael , Gibbons Bryson C. , Fujimoto Grant M. , Purvine Samuel O. , Adkins Joshua N. , Lipton Mary S. , Smith Richard D. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis Data Descriptor announces the submission to public repositories of the PNNL Biodiversity Library, a large collection of global proteomics data for 112 bacterial and archaeal organisms. The data comprises 35,162 tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) datasets from ~10 years of research. All data has been searched, annotated and organized in a consistent manner to promote reuse by the community. Protein identifications were cross-referenced with KEGG functional annotations which allows for pathway oriented investigation. We present the data as a freely available community resource. A variety of data re-use options are described for computational modelling, proteomics assay design and bioengineering. Instrument data and analysis files are available at ProteomeXchange via the MassIVE partner repository under the identifiers PXD001860 and MSV000079053.
Point mutations in KAL1 and the mitochondrial gene MT-tRNAcys synergize to produce Kallmann syndrome phenotype
Authors: Wang Fei , Huang Guo-dong , Tian Hui , Zhong Ying-bin , Shi Hui-juan , Li Zheng , Zhang Xian-sheng , Wang Han , Sun Fei 
Published: August 2015

AbstractKallmann syndrome (KS) is an inherited developmental disorder defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS has been shown to be a genetically heterogeneous disease with different modes of inheritance. However, variants in any of the causative genes identified so far are only found in approximately one third of KS patients, thus indicating that other genes or pathways remain to be discovered. Here, we report a large Han Chinese family with inherited KS which harbors two novel variants, KAL1 c.146G>T (p.Cys49Phe) and mitochondrial tRNAcys (m.5800A>G). Although two variants can’t exert obvious effects on the migration of GnRH neurons, they show the synergistic effect, which can account for the occurrence of the disorder in this family. Furthermore, the disturbance of the mitochondrial cysteinyl-tRNA pathway can significantly affect the migration of GnRH cells in vitro and in vivo by influencing the chemomigration function of anosmin-1. Our work highlights a new mode of inheritance underlay the genetic etiology of KS and provide valuable clues to understand the disease development.