bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and predictive effects of eating disorder risk factors during adolescence: Implications for prevention efforts
Authors: Rohde Paul , Stice Eric , Marti C. Nathan 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveAlthough several prospective studies have identified factors that increase risk for eating disorders, little is known about when these risk factors emerge and escalate, or when they begin to predict future eating disorder onset. The objective of this report was to address these key research gaps.MethodData were examined from a prospective study of 496 community female adolescents (M = 13.5, SD = 0.7 at baseline) who completed eight annual assessments of potential risk factors and eating disorders from preadolescence to young adulthood.ResultsThree variables exhibited positive linear increases: Perceived pressure to be thin, thin‐ideal internalization, and body dissatisfaction; three were best characterized as quadratic effects: dieting (essentially little change); negative affectivity (overall decrease), and BMI (overall increase). Elevated body dissatisfaction at ages 13, 14, 15, and 16 predicted DSM‐5 eating disorders onset in the 4‐year period after each assessment, but the predictive effects of other risk factors were largely confined to age 14; BMI did not predict eating disorders at any age.DiscussionThe results imply that these risk factors are present by early adolescence, although eating disorders tend to emerge in late adolescence and early adulthood. These findings emphasize the need for efficacious eating disorder prevention programs for early adolescent girls, perhaps targeting 14‐year olds, when risk factors seem to be most predictive. In early adolescence, it might be fruitful to target girls with body dissatisfaction, as this was the most consistent predictor of early eating disorder onset in this study. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:187–198)
Heteroleptic Group 2 Metal Precursors for Metal Oxide Thin Films
Authors: George Sheby Mary , Park Bo Keun , Kim Chang Gyoun , Chung Taek‐Mo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA new class of heteroleptic complexes of calcium, strontium, and barium have been synthesized using 1‐{[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl](methyl)amino}‐2‐methylpropan‐2‐ol (demampH) and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐heptanedione (tmhdH). Complexes [{Ca(demamp)(tmhd)}2] (4), [{Sr(demamp)(tmhd)}2] (5), and [{Ba(demamp)(tmhd)}3] (6) were prepared in two‐step processes. Partially substituted complexes [{Ca(demamp)(btsa)}2] (1), [{Sr(demamp)(btsa)}2] (2), and [{Ba(demamp)(btsa)}2] (3) [btsa = bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] were isolated and characterized. The molecular structures of all the compounds were studied by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The strontium and calcium complexes have dimeric configuration with bridging of two alkoxide oxygen atoms between the metals, whereas the barium complex is a trimer. Complexes 4 and 5 show higher volatility and thermal stability with respect to the homoleptic compounds, while barium complex 6 is unstable. The TG analyses of compounds 4 and 5 display one‐step curves with 9.0 and 9.6 % residue at 375 and 370 °C, respectively.
Copper‐ and Palladium‐Cocatalyzed Intramolecular C–H Functionalization/C–N Bond Formation: A Route to the Synthesis of Indoloisoquinoline Derivatives
Authors: Hazra Somjit , Mondal Biplab , Rahaman Habibur , Roy Brindaban 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA Cu and Pd bi‐catalytic system is found to be very effective for the indole C2–H functionalization/C–N bond formation process.This is a unique reaction in which isoquinoline systems were synthesized from aldoximes rather than from ketoximes. During the reaction Cu(OTf)2 converts the aldoximes into the corresponding cyanides and indoloisoquinolines, but introduction of Pd(OAc)2 changes the outcome of the reaction significantly, by suppressing the formation of cyano products, thus giving exclusively indoloisoquinolines. A range of substituted indoloisoquinolines and aza‐indoloisoquinolines are prepared in good to very good yields under air.
Iterative projection onto convex sets for quantitative susceptibility mapping
Authors: Deng Weiran , Boada Fernando , Poser Benedikt A. , Schirda Claudiu , Stenger Victor Andrew 
Published: March 2014

PurposeQuantitative susceptibility map (QSM) reconstruction is ill posed due to the zero values on the “magic angle cone” that make the maps prone to streaking artifacts. We propose projection onto convex sets (POCS) in the method of steepest descent (SD) for QSM reconstruction.MethodsTwo convex projections, an object‐support projection in the image domain and a projection in k‐space were used. QSM reconstruction using the proposed SD‐POCS method was compared with SD and POCS alone as well as with truncated k‐space division (TKD) for numerically simulated and 7 Tesla (T) human brain phase data.ResultsThe QSM reconstruction error from noise‐free simulated phase data using SD‐POCS is at least two orders of magnitude lower than using SD, POCS, or TKD and has reduced streaking artifacts. Using the l1‐TV reconstructed susceptibility as a gold standard for 7T in vivo imaging, SD‐POCS showed better image quality comparing to SD, POCS, or TKD from visual inspection.ConclusionPOCS is an alternative method for regularization that can be used in an iterative minimization method such as SD for QSM reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 73:697–703, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bone mineral density among long‐term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Gurney J. G. , Kaste S. C. , Liu W. , Srivastava D. K. , Chemaitilly W. , Ness K. K. , Lanctot J. Q. , Ojha R. P. , Nottage K. A. , Wilson C. L. , Li Z. , Robison L. L. , Hudson M. M. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundThe prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and the degree of recovery or decline, are not well elucidated.ProcedureStudy subjects (age ≥ 18 years and ≥10 years post‐diagnosis) participated in an institutional follow‐up protocol and risk‐based clinical evaluation based on Children's Oncology Group guidelines. Trabecular volumetric BMD was ascertained using quantitative computed tomography, reported as age‐ and sex‐specific Z‐scores.ResultsAt median age 31 years, 5.7% of 845 subjects had a BMD Z‐score of ≤−2 and 23.8% had a Z‐score of −1 to −2. Cranial radiation dose of ≥24 Gy, but not cumulative methotrexate or prednisone equivalence doses, was associated with a twofold elevated risk of a BMD Z‐score of ≤−1. The cranial radiation effect was stronger in females than in males. In a subset of 400 subjects, 67% of those who previously had a BMD Z‐score of ≤−2 improved by one or more categories a median of 8.5 years later.ConclusionsVery low BMD was relatively uncommon in this sample of adult survivors of childhood ALL, and BMD Z‐scores tended to improve from adolescence to young adulthood. High‐dose cranial or craniospinal radiation exposure was the primary predictor of suboptimal BMD in our study. Given that cranial radiation treatment for childhood ALL is used far more sparingly now than in earlier treatment eras, concerns about persistently low BMD among most current childhood ALL patients may be unwarranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:1270–1276. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of measuring nestling condition on nest success in the dickcissel (Spiza americana)
Authors: Monroe Adrian P. , Martin James A. , Riffell Samuel K. , Burger L. Wes 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTHandling songbird nestlings is often necessary to investigate a variety of basic and applied research questions, but this may also introduce observer effects that could compromise indices of reproductive success. To test for potential observer effects while measuring nestling condition in a study population of dickcissels (Spiza americana), we handled nestlings from 18 of 30 nests in Prairie, Mississippi, USA. We used generalized linear mixed models to compare nest success rate with nests that were monitored but where nestlings were not handled. Confidence intervals for nest success rates overlapped broadly for nests with handled (0.84, 95% CI = 0.57–0.95) and unhandled nestlings (0.77, 95% CI = 0.44–0.93), and a likelihood ratio test indicated the effect of treatment did not approximate the data better than a null model. We also did not find evidence of adults rejecting or abandoning handled and banded nestlings. This suggests that it is unlikely we incurred negative impacts on nest success when measuring nestling condition in our study. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Laparoscopic radiofrequency volumetric thermal ablation of fibroids versus laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Brucker Sara Y. , Hahn Markus , Kraemer Dorit , Taran Florin Andrei , Isaacson Keith B. , Krämer Bernhard 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the mean hospital discharge times and perioperative outcomes for radiofrequency volumetric thermal ablation (RFVTA) of fibroids and laparoscopic myomectomy (LM).MethodsThe present postmarket, randomized, prospective, single‐center, longitudinal, comparative study, conducted in Tübingen, Germany, evaluated the outcomes of RFVTA and the current standard of care (LM) for symptomatic uterine fibroids in women who desired uterine conservation. The surgeons were blinded to the treatment until all fibroids had been mapped by laparoscopic ultrasound.ResultsThe mean hospitalization times were 10.0 ± 5.5 (median 7.8 [range 4.2–25.5]) hours for the RFVTA group and 29.9 ± 14.2 (median 22.6 [range 16.1–68.1]) hours for the LM group (P < 0.001, Wilcoxon test). Intraoperative blood loss was 16 ± 9 (median 20 [range: 0–30]) mL for the RFVTA procedures and 51 ± 57 (median 35 [range 10–300]) mL for the LM procedures. The percentage of fibroids imaged by laparoscopic ultrasound that were treated/excised was 98.6% for RFVTA and 80.3% for LM. Two complications were reported: vertigo (n = 1; RFVTA) and port site hematoma (n = 1; LM).ConclusionRadiofrequency volumetric thermal ablation resulted in the treatment of more fibroids, a significantly shorter hospital stay, and less intraoperative blood loss than laparoscopic myomectomy.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01750008
Hydrosonographic assessment of the effects of 2 different suturing techniques on healing of the uterine scar after cesarean delivery
Authors: Sevket Osman , Ates Seda , Molla Taner , Ozkal Fulya , Uysal Omer , Dansuk Ramazan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effects of 2 suturing techniques (single versus double layer) on healing of the uterine scar after a cesarean delivery.MethodsIn the present randomized, prospective study, 36 women with a term pregnancy who had an elective cesarean delivery were randomly assigned to closure of the uterine incision with a single‐layer locked suture or with a double‐layer locked/unlocked suture. Six months after the operation, the integrity of the cesarean scar at the uterine incision site was assessed by hydrosonography. The healing ratio and the thickness of the residual myometrium covering the defect were calculated as markers of uterine scar healing.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the groups in terms of estimated blood loss, operation time, or additional hemostatic suture. However, the mean thickness of the residual myometrium covering the defect was 9.95 ± 1.94 mm after a double‐layer closure and 7.53 ± 2.54 mm after a single‐layer closure (P= 0.005). The mean healing ratio was significantly higher after a double‐layer closure (0.83 ± 0.10) than after a single‐layer closure (0.67 ± 0.15;P= 0.004).ConclusionA double‐layer locked/unlocked closure of the uterine incision at cesarean delivery decreases the risk of poor uterine scar healing.
Aβ and cognitive change: Examining the preclinical and prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Lim Yen Ying , Maruff Paul , Pietrzak Robert H. , Ellis Kathryn A. , Darby David , Ames David , Harrington Karra , Martins Ralph N. , Masters Colin L. , Szoeke Cassandra , Savage Greg , Villemagne Victor L. , Rowe Christopher C. ,   AIBL Research Group
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundHigh β‐amyloid (Aβ) is associated with faster memory decline in healthy individuals and adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, longer prospective studies are required to determine if Aβ‐related memory decline continues and whether it is associated with increased rate of disease progression.MethodsHealthy controls (HCs; n = 177) and adults with MCI (n = 48) underwent neuroimaging for Aβ and cognitive assessment at baseline. Cognition was reassessed 18 and 36 months later.ResultsCompared with low‐Aβ HCs, high‐Aβ HC and MCI groups showed moderate decline in episodic and working memory over 36 months. Those with MCI with low Aβ did not show any cognitive decline. Rates of disease progression were increased in the high‐Aβ HC and MCI groups.ConclusionsIn healthy individuals, high Aβ likely indicates that Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐related neurodegeneration has begun. Once commenced, the rate of decline in cognitive function remains constant across the preclinical and prodromal stages of AD.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy for exercise‐induced left ventricular dysfunction in the setting of left bundle branch block: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Abraham JoEllyn M. , Thomas James D. , Wilkoff Bruce L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractExercise‐induced dyspnea is one of the most common symptoms that cause a patient to see a physician and a broad differential diagnosis is required. In this case report, we describe a patient with this complaint who had a left bundle branch block and preserved left ventricular function at rest. On stress echocardiography, she had significant exercise‐induced left ventricular dysfunction and associated mitral regurgitation but a coronary angiogram demonstrated normal coronary arteries. Both of the echocardiographic findings, as well as her symptoms, improved with the placement of a bi‐ventricular pacemaker. A brief review of the literature on cardiac resynchronization therapy for indications beyond the current guidelines is also provided.
Photovoltaic power forecasting using statistical methods: impact of weather data
Authors: De Giorgi Maria Grazia , Congedo Paolo Maria , Malvoni Maria 
Published: March 2014

An important issue for the growth and management of grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) systems is the possibility to forecast the power output over different horizons. In this work, statistical methods based on multiregression analysis and the Elmann artificial neural network (ANN) have been developed in order to predict power production of a 960 kWP grid‐connected PV plant installed in Italy. Different combinations of the time series of produced PV power and measured meteorological variables were used as inputs of the ANN. Several statistical error measures are evaluated to estimate the accuracy of the forecasting methods. A decomposition of the standard deviation error has been carried out to identify the amplitude and phase error. The skewness and kurtosis parameters allow a detailed analysis of the distribution error.
Characterization of the fast electrons distribution produced in a high intensity laser target interaction
Authors: Westover B. , Chen C. D. , Patel P. K. , McLean H. , Beg F. N. 
Published: March 2014

Experiments on the Titan laser (∼150 J, 0.7 ps, 2 × 1020 W cm−2) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory were carried out in order to study the properties of fast electrons produced by high-intensity, short pulse laser interacting with matter under conditions relevant to Fast Ignition. Bremsstrahlung x-rays produced by these fast electrons were measured by a set of compact filter-stack based x-ray detectors placed at three angles with respect to the target. The measured bremsstrahlung signal allows a characterization of the fast electron beam spectrum, conversion efficiency of laser energy into fast electron kinetic energy and angular distribution. A Monte Carlo code Integrated Tiger Series was used to model the bremsstrahlung signal and infer a laser to fast electron conversion efficiency of 30%, an electron slope temperature of about 2.2 MeV, and a mean divergence angle of 39°. Simulations were also performed with the hybrid transport code ZUMA which includes fields in the target. In this case, a conversion efficiency of laser energy to fast electron energy of 34% and a slope temperature between 1.5 MeV and 4 MeV depending on the angle between the target normal direction and the measuring spectrometer are found. The observed temperature of the bremsstrahlung spectrum, and therefore the inferred electron spectrum are found to be angle dependent.
Yttrium-dispersed C60 fullerenes as high-capacity hydrogen storage medium
Authors: Tian Zi-Ya , Dong Shun-Le 
Published: March 2014

Interaction between hydrogen molecules and functionalized C60 is investigated using density functional theory method. Unlike transition metal atoms that tend to cluster on the surface, C60 decorated with 12 Yttrium atoms on each of its 12 pentagons is extremely stable and remarkably enhances the hydrogen adsorption capacity. Four H2 molecules can be chemisorbed on a single Y atom through well-known Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson interaction. The nature of bonding is a weak physisorption for the fifth adsorbed H2 molecule. Consequently, the C60Y12 complex with 60 hydrogen molecules has been demonstrated to lead to a hydrogen storage capacity of ∼6.30 wt. %.
Ion transport in sub-5-nm graphene nanopores
Authors: Suk Myung E. , Aluru N. R. 
Published: March 2014

Graphene nanopore is a promising device for single molecule sensing, including DNA bases, as its single atom thickness provides high spatial resolution. To attain high sensitivity, the size of the molecule should be comparable to the pore diameter. However, when the pore diameter approaches the size of the molecule, ion properties and dynamics may deviate from the bulk values and continuum analysis may not be accurate. In this paper, we investigate the static and dynamic properties of ions with and without an external voltage drop in sub-5-nm graphene nanopores using molecular dynamics simulations. Ion concentration in graphene nanopores sharply drops from the bulk concentration when the pore radius is smaller than 0.9 nm. Ion mobility in the pore is also smaller than bulk ion mobility due to the layered liquid structure in the pore-axial direction. Our results show that a continuum analysis can be appropriate when the pore radius is larger than 0.9 nm if pore conductivity is properly defined. Since many applications of graphene nanopores, such as DNA and protein sensing, involve ion transport, the results presented here will be useful not only in understanding the behavior of ion transport but also in designing bio-molecular sensors.
G-protein–coupled receptor GPR161 is overexpressed in breast cancer and is a promoter of cell proliferation and invasion
Authors: Feigin Michael E. , Xue Bin , Hammell Molly C. , Muthuswamy Senthil K. 
Published: March 2014

SignificanceRecent advances in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics tools have allowed the large-scale characterization of genetic alterations in human tumors. We exploited genomics data to identify commonly occurring alterations in G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subset of breast cancer with poor prognosis and lacking effective targeted therapy. We have discovered that the orphan GPCR, G-protein–coupled receptor 161 (GPR161), is overexpressed specifically in TNBC and correlates with poor prognosis. We identify GPR161 as a regulator of mammary epithelial cell proliferation and invasion in a mammalian target of rapamycin signaling-pathway–dependent manner. Down-regulation of GPR161 in a TNBC-derived cell line impairs cell growth, suggesting that GPR161 is a drug target for breast cancer.
Interpersonal Guilt and Substance Use in College Students
Authors: Locke Geoffrey W. , Shilkret Robert , Everett Joyce E. , Petry Nancy M. 
Published: March 2014

Background The college years are a time for developing independence and separating from one's family, and they are also a time in which substance use often escalates. This study examined the relationships between use of substances and interpersonal guilt, an emotion that can arise from feelings about separation among college students. Methods In total, 1865 college students completed a survey evaluating substance use and interpersonal guilt. Regular users of alcohol, cigarettes, cannabis, and other illicit drugs were compared with nonregular users of each substance. Sequential linear regression, controlling for confounding variables, examined relationships between regular use of each substance and scores on a guilt index. Results Risky drinkers and daily smokers had significantly more interpersonal guilt than their peers who did not regularly use these substances. In contrast, regular cannabis users had significantly less guilt than nonregular cannabis users. Conclusions These data suggest that substance use among college students may be related to interpersonal guilt and family separation issues, and this relationship may vary across substances.
Richness–abundance relationships for zooplankton in ballast water: temperate versus Arctic comparisons
Authors: Chan Farrah T. , Briski Elizabeta , Bailey Sarah A. , MacIsaac Hugh J. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Species richness and abundance are two commonly measured parameters used to characterize invasion risk associated with transport vectors, especially those capable of transferring large species assemblages. Understanding the relationship between these two variables can further improve our ability to predict future invasions by identifying conditions where high-risk (i.e. species-rich or high abundance or both) and low-risk (i.e. species-poor and low abundance) introduction events are expected. While ballast water is one of the best characterized transport vectors of aquatic non-indigenous species, very few studies have assessed its magnitude at high latitudes. We assessed the arrival potential of zooplankton via ballast water in the Canadian Arctic by examining species richness, total abundance, and the relationship between the two parameters for zooplankton in ships from Europe destined for the Arctic, in comparison with the same parameters for ships bound for Atlantic Canada and the Great Lakes. In addition, we examined whether species richness and/or total abundance were influenced by temperature change and/or ballast water age for each shipping route. We found that species richness and total abundance for Arctic and Great Lakes ships were significantly lower than those for Atlantic ships. Differences in species richness and total abundance for ships utilizing different shipping routes were mostly related to ballast water age. A significant species richness–total abundance relationship for Arctic and Great Lakes ships suggests that these parameters decreased proportionately as ballast water aged. In contrast, the absence of such a relationship for Atlantic ships suggests that decreases in total abundance were accompanied by little to no reduction in species richness. Collectively, our results indicate that the arrival potential of zooplankton in ballast water of Arctic ships may be lower than or similar to that of Atlantic and Great Lakes ships, respectively.