bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the association between unhealthy weight and academic performance influenced by children’s physical activity level?
Authors: Santana Carla , Azevedo Liane , Ferreira Lisianny , Neves Pedro , Prado Edna , Prado Wagner 
Published: October 2015

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">The purpose of this study was to verify the association between unhealthy weight and academic performance and the influence of physical activity level (PAL) in elementary school children. This study was conducted with 450 elementary school students (50% girls) enrolled in 1<sup>st</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> grades. PAL was assessed by self-reported questionnaire of typical physical activity and daily food intake (DAFA). </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: ";Arial Unicode MS";; mso-hansi-font-family: ";Arial Unicode MS";; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">Academic achievement (Portuguese and Mathematics) was </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">estimated based on the academic performance system of public schools from Recife/Brazil. Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association between unhealthy weight (underweight and overweight) and normal weight with academic performance. The results showed that 26.6% of the students presented overweight, 11.1% presented underweight, 49.1% and 50.9% were classified as high and low PAL, respectively. In addition, 56.9% had sufficient academic performance in Portuguese and 51.1% had sufficient academic performance in Mathematics. Students with overweight presented higher <em>odds</em> for insufficient performance in Portuguese when compared to normal weight counterparts, even when adjusted for reported PAL, gender and age (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.08-2.64). The results corroborate with evidences that unhealthy weight is associated with poor academic performance in children.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"></span></p>
Desigualdades socioeconômicas na percepção do ambiente de mobilidade ativa
Authors: Santana Angélica , Oliveira Maria , Guerra Ricardo , Martins Paula 
Published: October 2015

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><span class="longtext1"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; color: windowtext;">O objetivo do estudo foi </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">descrever a percepção do ambiente relacionado à mobilidade ativa pela população de Santos (São Paulo, Brasil), comparando distintas regiões do município caracterizadas por diferentes níveis socioeconômicos. Foram escolhidos de forma proporcional e aleatória 10 setores censitários da cidade de Santos. Em cada setor foi realizado a aplicação do </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; color: windowtext;">questionário<span class="longtext1"><span style="line-height: 200%; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <em>Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale<span style="text-transform: uppercase;"> (News - </span>Brasil<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">).</span></em></span></span> Para coletada de dados foram abordados 30 indivíduos de cada setor avaliado, sendo estas pessoas que circulavam na rua e se identificavam como moradoras do setor, assim, a amostra foi composta por 300 indivíduos. Na análise dos dados foi utilizada análise fatorial exploratória a fim de reduzir os parâmetros avaliados em fatores compostos. Foi verificada a diferença dos fatores observados em cada região do município por meio do teste de <span class="longtext1"><span style="line-height: 200%; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Kruskal-Wallis. Houve diferenças significativas entre os setores de maior e menor nível socioeconômico. O setor de maior nível socioeconômico apresenta a </span></span>percepção positiva sobre a proximidade dos estabelecimentos, a existência de facilitadores para a prática de atividades físicas e a segurança relacionada ao tráfego e à criminalidade quando comparado com o de menor nível socioeconômico que teve percepção positiva em relação a proximidade de locais de lazer e segurança com a vizinhança. Deste modo, observa-se que a houve desigualdade socioeconômica na percepção do ambiente construído podendo esta influenciar o nível de atividade física da população, havendo assim, necessidade de mais estudos e revisão no planejamento de políticas públicas relacionadas à construção e manutenção de facilitadores da prática de atividade física no ambiente urbano. </span></p>
No association between seniority of surgeon and postoperative recurrence of chronic subdural haematoma
Authors: Phang I , Sivakumaran R , Papadopoulos MC 
Published: October 2015

Introduction Neurosurgical trainees should achieve competency in chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) drainage at an early stage in training. The effect of surgeon seniority on recurrence following surgical drainage of CSDH was examined. Methods All CSDH cases performed at St George’s Hospital in London between March 2009 and March 2012 were analysed. Recurrence was defined as clinical deterioration with computed tomography evidence of CSDH requiring reoperation within six months. The following risk factors were considered: seniority of primary and supervising surgeons, timing of surgery (working hours, outside working hours), patient related factors (age, antiplatelets, warfarin) and operative factors (general vs local anaesthesia, burr holes vs craniotomy, drain use). For recurrent cases, we examined the distance of the cranial opening from the thickest part of the CSDH. Results A total of 239 patients (median age: 79 years, range: 33–98 years) had 275 CSDH drainage operations. The overall recurrence rate was 13.1%. The median time between the initial procedure and reoperation was 16 days (range: 1–161 days). The only statistically significant risk factor for recurrence was antiplatelets (odds ratio: 2.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–6.10, p<0.05). Warfarin, grade of surgeon, timing of surgery, type of anaesthesia, type of operation and use of drains were not significant risk factors. In 26% of recurrent CSDH cases, the burr holes or craniotomy flaps were placed with borderline accuracy. Conclusions CSDH drainage is a suitable case for neurosurgical trainees to perform without increasing the chance of recurrence.
An ethnographic study of glocal fashion communication in Hong Kong and Greater China
Authors: Tse Ho-Lun Tommy 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The rise of fashion businesses in mainland China and Hong Kong and the growth in their brands is attracting the attention of international fashion conglomerates. For this article recent case studies of socio-historical, economic and cultural influences in the Greater China region were revisited applying communication, media and cultural studies theories. Observation and interviews were conducted in an attempt to reveal the nuanced process of fashion communication in Hong Kong’s fashion industry. The primary research data were collected through participant observation at a Hong Kong fashion magazine in 2011 which involved interviews with sixteen senior Asia-Pacific fashion marketers. The interview responses demonstrate the complexity of the interplay with Asian socioeconomic and cultural factors, and confirm that fashion marketing in Hong Kong today involves the appropriation and creolization of cultural meanings through negotiation between global and regional/local fashion marketers. The Hong Kong-based regional fashion marketers now negotiate more often with the brands’ European or American headquarters about how to represent the brands as luxurious and stylish, but also about a more complex creolization of western and Chinese cultures while communicating fashion meanings. This unique ethnographic research provides original insight into the differing impact of globalization across Greater China.
Examining technological pedagogical content knowledge of teachers teaching Turkish to bilingual students in France<p>Fransa'da iki dilli öğrencilere Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: İnce Bekir , Horzum M. Barış 
Published: October 2015

<p>The objective of this study is to examine the self-competency perceptions of the teachers teaching Turkish to bilingual children in France on technological pedagogical content knowledge. In accordance with this objective cross sectional survey method was used for this study. 65 Turkish teachers working in France were included in the study. An assessment instrument developed by Horzum, Akgün and Öztürk (2014) was used to determine the self-competency perceptions of the teachers on technological pedagogical content knowledge. The obtained results revealed that the self-competency perceptions of the teachers teaching Turkish (L1) to bilingual children in France on technological pedagogical content knowledge was over the average. Besides, it is observed that the self-competency perceptions of the teachers on content knowledge and technological pedagogical content knowledge were significantly lower than their self-competency perceptions on pedagogical content knowledge. </p><p align="left"><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmanın amacı Fransa'da iki dilli öğrencilere Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarını incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma kesitsel tarama modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya Fransa'da görev yapan 65 Türkçe öğretmeni katılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarını ölçmek üzere Horzum, Akgün ve Öztürk (2014) tarafından geliştirilen ölçme aracı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Fransa'da iki dilli çocuklara Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgisine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarının ortalamanın üzerinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun yanında öğretmenlerin içerik bilgileri ve teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarının pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarından anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu görülmüştür.</p>
How Do Patients Assess Outcomes Of Treatment Of Prognathism?
Authors: Neskoromna-Jędrzejczak Aneta , Bogusiak Katarzyna , Antoszewski Bogusław 
Published: October 2015

Abstractwas to analyze the results of patients’ subjective self-assessment of surgical treatment of prognathism.The study included 35 patients who underwent extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy. Each patient responded to 12 questions contained in the questionnaire created by the authors.All respondents positively assessed their appearance after surgery. In most cases they pointed out the positive impact of treatment on their self-confidence (82.9% of responses). The vast majority of respondents felt improvement in biting off food (91.4%).Patients positively evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment with extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy. The subjective improvement of the facial appearance, as well as chewing and articulation functions took place after the treatment.
“Reordering the Confusion”: Tatian, the Second Sophistic, and the so-called Diatessaron
Authors: Crawford Matthew R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe only two surviving works from Tatian are his Oration to the Greeks and the so-called Diatessaron. Previous scholars have examined the Oration in search of clues that might shed light on the origins of his gospel, and have highlighted his adherence to divine “unity” and insistence on historical “accuracy.” In this article it is argued that a more fundamental theme in the Oration is Tatian’s concern for proper “order,” a rhetorical category that he filled out with theological and philosophical content, and that it was this which served as the primary impetus for his creation of his gospel edition. Furthermore, if rhetoric gave him the motivation, it was his grammatical training that gave him the tools for this enterprise, since in composing his work he must have relied upon the kind of close literary analysis learned under the grammarian. Viewing the matter from this perspective allows one to place Tatian more clearly into the second-century context of the Second Sophistic and also allows one to situate him within an ongoing conversation among Christian authors in the second century over the order, or lack thereof, evident in the church’s authoritative texts.
The Mirror, the Qnoma, and the Soul: Another Perspective on the Christological Formula of Babai the Great
Authors: Metselaar Marijke 
Published: October 2015

AbstractVarious reasons have been suggested for the addition of “two qnome” to the traditional Antiochene christological formula (two natures in one person) of the Church of the East. These reasons can be found in wide-ranging fields that are often intertwined. Primarily, linguistic differences have caused much confusion, since qnoma was a term often used as a Syriac translation of the Greek term hypostasis, some circles almost identifying qnoma with “person,” and others aligning the term with “nature.” Further reasons derive from Church history, logic, epistemology and politics. Such motives will be discussed in this paper in connection with the challenges Babai encountered. After a short description of various aspects of Babai’s Christology and some contemporary sources, it will be argued that another motive has been hitherto neglected: ascetic mysticism. This new perspective focuses on the asceticism of the monks, which was aimed at finding the highest truth and required the purification of the individual soul. Sometimes, the soul was not only associated closely with the human qnoma, but also compared to a mirror that might reflect the light of Christ, just as Christ was considered to be the perfect representation of God. This might have resulted in an intrinsic motive of the monks to recognize an individual human qnoma in Christ, and might therefore have been an additional motive for their spiritual leader Babai to defend the two-qnome doctrine. It probably also worked the other way around: an integration and elaboration of the two-qnome doctrine in ascetic mysticism also was a means to gain more general acceptance of the doctrine.
Confirmation of no Structural and Chemical Changes in Curie Temperature Variable Co Ultrathin Films by Electric Field
Authors: Wakabayashi Yusuke , Fujii Hiromasa , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Sakata Osami , Tajiri Hiroo , Koyama Tomohiro , Chiba Daichi 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A cobalt ultrathin film, which shows a large change in Curie
temperature by an electric field application, has been studied by
x-ray reflectometry with applying electric fields. The cobalt film was
made by the sputtering method on top of a Pt buffer layer, and
capped with a MgO layer. X-ray reflectometry shows that the
change in Co thickness caused by the applied voltage up to
±10 V was less than 0.06 Å. The
reflectivity signal intensity shows a characteristic kink at the
Co K-absorption edge. The spectrum does not show any change
with applying voltage. As a result, electric field effects on the
structure and chemical states of Co in the Co ultrathin
film were found to be minor.
Matrix Effects in X-ray Fluorescence Holography: Samples of Arbitrary Thickness
Authors: Dul Dawid Tadeusz , Korecki Paweł 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The influence of matrix effects i.e. beam attenuation (BA) and
indirect excitation (IE) on local structure imaging with
multiple-energy x-ray fluorescence holography is studied using
computer simulations. An analytic formalism is developed which allows
for the description of BA and IE when the thickness of the sample is
arbitrary. It is shown that beyond the thin-sample approximation, in
specific cases, the measured holograms cannot be treated as entirely
element sensitive. Consequently, it is demonstrated that due to the
reduction of element sensitivity, spurious maxima can arise in the
holographic reconstruction which can be misinterpreted as atomic
images. The proposed formalism allows one to analyse BA and IE and to
correct for them. It opens way for quantitative interpretation of
x-ray fluorescence holograms.
Selective Strolls: Fixation and Extinction in Diploids Are Slower for Weakly Selected Mutations Than for Neutral Ones
Authors: Mafessoni Fabrizio , Lachmann Michael 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In finite populations, an allele disappears or reaches fixation due to two main forces, selection and drift. Selection is generally thought to accelerate the process: a selected mutation will reach fixation faster than a neutral one, and a disadvantageous one will quickly disappear from the population. We show that even in simple diploid populations, this is often not true. Dominance and recessivity unexpectedly slow down the evolutionary process for weakly selected alleles. In particular, slightly advantageous dominant and mildly deleterious recessive mutations reach fixation slightly more slowly than neutral ones (at most 5%). This phenomenon determines genetic signatures opposite to those expected under strong selection, such as increased instead of decreased genetic diversity around the selected site. Furthermore, we characterize a new phenomenon: mildly deleterious recessive alleles, thought to represent a wide fraction of newly arising mutations, on average survive in a population slightly longer than neutral ones, before getting lost. Consequently, these mutations are on average slightly older than neutral ones, in contrast with previous expectations. Furthermore, they slightly increase the amount of weakly deleterious polymorphisms, as a consequence of the longer unconditional sojourn times compared to neutral mutations.
Dual Role of Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activity in Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Mediated Drosophila Ventral Head Development
Authors: Park Sung Yeon , Stultz Brian G , Hursh Deborah A 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Drosophila bone morphogenetic protein encoded by decapentaplegic (dpp) controls ventral head morphogenesis by expression in the head primordia, eye-antennal imaginal discs. These are epithelial sacs made of two layers: columnar disc proper cells and squamous cells of the peripodial epithelium. dpp expression related to head formation occurs in the peripodial epithelium; cis-regulatory mutations disrupting this expression display defects in sensory vibrissae, rostral membrane, gena, and maxillary palps. Here we document that disruption of this dpp expression causes apoptosis in peripodial cells and underlying disc proper cells. We further show that peripodial Dpp acts directly on the disc proper, indicating that Dpp must cross the disc lumen to act. We demonstrate that palp defects are mechanistically separable from the other mutant phenotypes; both are affected by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway but in opposite ways. Slight reduction of both Jun N-terminal kinase and Dpp activity in peripodial cells causes stronger vibrissae, rostral membrane, and gena defects than Dpp alone; additionally, strong reduction of Jun N-terminal kinase activity alone causes identical defects. A more severe reduction of dpp results in similar vibrissae, rostral membrane, and gena defects, but also causes mutant maxillary palps. This latter defect is correlated with increased peripodial Jun N-terminal kinase activity and can be caused solely by ectopic activation of Jun N-terminal kinase. We conclude that formation of sensory vibrissae, rostral membrane, and gena tissue in head morphogenesis requires the action of Jun N-terminal kinase in peripodial cells, while excessive Jun N-terminal kinase signaling in these same cells inhibits the formation of maxillary palps.
A γ-Secretase Independent Role for Presenilin in Calcium Homeostasis Impacts Mitochondrial Function and Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Sarasija Shaarika , Norman Kenneth R 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Mutations in the presenilin (PSEN) encoding genes (PSEN1 and PSEN2) occur in most early onset familial Alzheimer’s Disease. Despite the identification of the involvement of PSEN in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) ∼20 years ago, the underlying role of PSEN in AD is not fully understood. To gain insight into the biological function of PSEN, we investigated the role of the PSEN homolog SEL-12 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using genetic, cell biological, and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrate that mutations in sel-12 result in defects in calcium homeostasis, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, consistent with mammalian PSEN, we provide evidence that SEL-12 has a critical role in mediating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium release. Furthermore, we found that in SEL-12-deficient animals, calcium transfer from the ER to the mitochondria leads to fragmentation of the mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that the impact that SEL-12 has on mitochondrial function is independent of its role in Notch signaling, γ-secretase proteolytic activity, and amyloid plaques. Our results reveal a critical role for PSEN in mediating mitochondrial function by regulating calcium transfer from the ER to the mitochondria.
Ermittlung robuster Strategien für die Steuerung des Zinsrisikos einer Universalbank
Authors: Seibausen Hermann Meyer zu 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In der Praxis der Aktiv-Passiv-Steuerung setzt man in zunehmendem Maße Modelle ein, die auch zur Steuerung des Zinsrisikos Entscheidungsunterstützung bieten. Das hier vorgestellte Optimierungsmodell mit Simulationsumgebung und einer speziellen Zielfunktion liefert langfristige Zinsgeschäftsstrategien, die auch bei unerwarteten Zinsänderungen ziemlich robust sind und deshalb zu befriedigenden Zinsüberschüssen führen.
Value-at-Risk-Modelle zur Ermittlung der bankaufsichtlichen Eigenkapitalunterlegung beim Marktrisiko im Handelsbereich
Authors: Johanning Lutz 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Nach der vom Basler Ausschuß für Bankenaufsicht im Januar 1996 vorgelegten „Änderung der Eigenkapitalvereinbarung zur Einbeziehung der Marktrisiken“ sollen die Banken zukünftig die Eigenkapitalunterlegung ihrer Marktrisiken im Handelsbereich nicht nur wie bisher mit den vordefinierten Standardverfahren (Building-Block-Ansatz), sondern alternativ auch mit eigenen Value-at-Risk-Modellen berechnen dürfen. Der Beitrag arbeitet die Vorteile und Defizite der Vorschläge des Basler Ausschusses für Bankenaufsicht und des Pre-Commitment-Ansatzes heraus, den der Federal Reserve Board der Vereinigten Staaten als Alternative zu den Basler Vorschlägen unterbreitet hat. Es wird insbesondere untersucht, welche - möglicherweise adversen - Anreize für die Banken bei der Anerkennung interner Modelle entstehen können und inwieweit die Risikokennziffer „Value-at-Risk“ überhaupt für die Zwecke der Bankenaufsicht geeignet ist.