bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternation of the dynamic coefficients of short journal bearings due to wear
Authors: Papanikolaou Michael G. , Farmakopoulos Michael G. , Papadopoulos Chris A. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– Wear in journal bearings occurs when the operating conditions (high load, high temperature, low angular velocity or low viscosity), downgrade the ability of the bearing to carry load. The wear depth increases because the rotor comes in contact with the bearing surface. Wear in journal bearings affects their characteristics because of its influence on the thickness of the fluid film. This influence can be detected in the dynamic behavior of the rotor and especially in the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper, the effect of wear on the rotor dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients (K and C) of a short journal bearing is investigated. K and C in this work are estimated by using two methods a semi-analytical method and finite element (FE) analysis implemented in the ANSYS software.

Findings
– The main goal of this research is to make the identification of wear in journal bearings feasible by observing the alternation of their dynamic coefficients. Both of the methods implemented are proven to be useful, while FE analysis can provide more accurate results.

Originality/value
– This paper is original and has not been published elsewhere.
Determination of defects on a processed disc from S355J2 steel
Authors: Tzevelekou Theofani , Papaefthymiou Spyros , Panteleakou Vasiliki , Vazdirvanidis Athanasios , Papamantellos Dimitris C. , Sismanis Panagiotis 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– A failed disc that was forged from S355J2 round bar was investigated in order to determine the failure route cause. The purpose of this paper is to determine the defects and route cause analysis regarding their origin.

Design/methodology/approach
– Macroscopic evaluation, microstructure observation using light optical metallography and scanning electron microscopy with EDX analysis were the techniques used to analyse and characterize the defected areas.

Findings
– Macro-inclusions (up to 850 µm) that correspond to high melting aluminium rich calcium-aluminate particles were detected. Their formation, possibly due to improper calcium treatment during ladle furnace steel refining process might be associated with clogging problems at casting. SEM-EDX analysis revealed whitish spots containing Zr that could be related to submerged entry nozzle (SEN) erosion/breakage. Characteristic is the large size and unusual shape of the traced particles, as well as the presence of low Si, Na, K. The findings indicated that nozzle clogging and/or breakage at casting was most possibly the root cause of the product’s quality degradation.

Originality/value
– After extended root cause analysis, specific countermeasures are proposed to avoid clogging phenomena. The suggestions are based on the findings taking into account restrains of the steel-making process. Emphasis was laid in detecting the weaknesses that lead to product quality degradation and consequently in optimizing the steel-making process. Such incidents are often found during steelmaking a useful suggestion to steelmakers is to mark and remove cast parts after SEN problems are encountered. In this way quality issues in intermediate and/or final products will be avoided.
An empirical study on the impact of micro enterprises on women empowerment
Authors: Arul Paramanandam D. , Packirisamy P 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to find whether the micro-enterprises lead to women empowerment and entrepreneurship and make them to be wholly involved in income-generating activities by having them choose a business venture of their own.

Design/methodology/approach
– Women empowerment is very important for the acceleration of economic growth. The economic empowerment of women is being regarded these days as a sine qua non of progress for a country; hence, the issue of economic empowerment of women is of paramount importance to political thinkers, social scientists and reformers. The self-help groups (SHGs) have paved the way for economic independence of rural women. The members of SHGs are involved in micro-entrepreneurships. Empowerment is intellectual capital. Capital is a life blood of any industry.

Findings
– Without women development, economic development will not take place. Women should be imparted technical knowledge, skill training and marketing techniques in the process of establishing an enterprise by them for more sustainability.

Originality/value
– Micro-enterprises add values to a country’s economy by creating jobs, enhancing income, strengthening purchasing power, lowering costs and adding business convenience.
Classifying systemic differences between Software as a Service- and On-Premise-Enterprise Resource Planning
Authors: Link Björn , Back Andrea 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The technological innovation of Software as a Service-Enterprise Resource Planning (SaaS-ERP) opens several relative advantages, which may be realized by choosing the proper operation mode. Thus a company looking for a new ERP system faces the question: When and under what conditions does it make sense to choose a SaaS-ERP system? The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The relative advantage criterion of the diffusion of innovation theory, derived as operation mode differences, determine the conditions under which SaaS- or On-Premise-ERP is preferable: a classification of all main systemic operation mode differences between SaaS and On-Premise for the more complex ERP systems is presented. The systemic differences were identified by analytic generalization using triangulation between a literature review and a multiple case study with four ERP producers.

Findings
– The most significant decision factors between ERP operation modes are flexibility, customization, cost, and operation and maintenance. General strategies have been derived by bringing the theoretical reasons together with the operation mode difference criteria. Typical criteria for selecting SaaS-ERP are a lack of IT-capacity or capabilities, as well as high need for flexibility, due to business development, seasonality, growth, collaboration and/or expansion. On-Premise-ERPs should be selected if specific or strategic resources would be outsourced or when major customization is a need.

Research limitations/implications
– Case research is limited in that it reveals only ERP producers’ view and omits outlying cases.

Practical implications
– The findings implicate that ERP selecting customers should consider and expand their criteria for ERP selection by operation mode criteria.

Originality/value
– The classification of the most essential operation mode differences allows, for the first time, ERP selecting customers to design selection strategies. ERP selecting companies should strategically favor the operation mode that best suits their respective organizational characteristics so as to obtain the best possible support from the ERP operation modes.
Family protocols as governance tools
Authors: Botero Isabel C. , Gomez Betancourt Gonzalo , Betancourt Ramirez Jose Bernardo , Lopez Vergara Maria Piedad 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to focus on the family protocol as a governance policy tool that can help ameliorate intra-family conflict and enhance the probabilities of survivability of the family business.Design/methodology/approach– Using equity theory and organizational justice as theoretical frameworks, the authors explain how and why the development of a protocol can help the family firm and their survivability. The authors combine academic and practitioner knowledge to present a process model for creating family protocols.Findings– Based on four important considerations (i.e. process view, deep knowledge about the family business, dynamic environment, and the need for change and adaptation) the authors develop a process model for the development of family tailored protocols.Originality/value– This paper integrates the work of practitioners and academics to help understand what is a family protocol, why and how the protocol affects the family and business relationships and presents a procedural model for the development of a family protocol that can help govern the relationship between the family and the business.
Rethinking family business education
Authors: Burch Gerald F. , Batchelor John H. , Burch Jana J. , Heller Nathan A. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– Family businesses consist of a family system, a business system, and an ownership system. Current undergraduate business education only prepares family business students with business system education, thereby leaving the student with a misconception of the environment in which they will work. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– Business education must change to provide these students with an integrated curriculum that allows them to make connections across disciplines, and provides the additional soft skills and hard skills needed to accomplish the task.Findings– The authors propose a conception focussed curriculum to accomplish this task and make suggestions on how such a system might be implemented.Originality/value– This approach provides family business educators with a model that they can implement, thereby better preparing family business students for their return to their family work.
Best practice myths and trusted advisers
Authors: McCracken Ken 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to consider, from a practitioner’s perspective, two phrases that are often used in the family enterprise field; “best practice” and “trusted adviser”. They are sometimes found together, a trusted adviser being one who has a meaningful relationship with a family and can offer advice based on best practice. The alternative view offered here is that the notion of best practice is flawed, while trust has much more to it than building personal relationships between and adviser and an enterprising family.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is a commentary piece from a practitioner with experience of working with enterprising families in different parts of the world.

Findings
– This commentary paper challenges the notion that there are best practices in family business governance. It suggests that these are being used to bolster a normative approach to advising that emphasises the importance of certain structures and practices in place of effective governance that is developed by enterprising families to suit their needs. It also tries to expand the debate about the so-called trusted adviser by reviewing aspects of trust that have little to do directly with the quality of personal relationship between a family and their adviser.

Originality/value
– This paper provides an informed practitioner view of issues that are currently being debated in the field of family enterprise knowledge and practice. It will be useful for enterprising families, family business practitioners, academics and researchers.
Being the victim of violence during a date predicts next‐day cannabis use among female college students
Authors: Shorey Ryan C. , McNulty James K. , Moore Todd M. , Stuart Gregory L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimsTo determine whether being the victim of violence during a date among female college students on any given day predicted cannabis and alcohol use the following day.Design, Setting and ParticipantsBetween August 2010 and January 2013, we conducted a 90‐day daily diary study with 174 females who were in current dating relationships from a large university in the Southeastern United States. The mean age of the sample was 18.70 years [standard deviation (SD) = 1.27]; participants were primarily non‐Hispanic Caucasian (86.2%). Participants answered questions about contact with their dating partner, being the victim of violence (physical and sexual) during a date, physical perpetration, alcohol use and cannabis use for up to 90 days. The mean number of diaries completed was 54.90 (SD = 27.66).MeasurementsThe primary outcomes were self‐reported daily cannabis and alcohol use. Being the victim of violence during a date was assessed each day using self‐report items from the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales and Sexual Experiences Survey.FindingsBeing the victim of violence during a date predicted cannabis use the following day (odds ratio = 2.25), and this effect held when controlling for contact with a partner, cannabis and alcohol use the previous day, physical perpetration the previous day, alcohol use the same day and the overall likelihood of being the victim of violence during a date, substance use and physical perpetration. Being the victim of violence during a date did not predict next‐day alcohol use. Being the victim of sexual and physical violence during a date did not differentially predict next‐day substance use.ConclusionsAmong female college students in the United States, being the victim of violence during a date appears to increase the risk for cannabis use the following day.
Modulation of Muscle Tone and Sympathovagal Balance in Cervical Dystonia Using Percutaneous Stimulation of the Auricular Vagus Nerve
Authors: Kampusch Stefan , Kaniusas Eugenijus , Széles Jozsef C. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPrimary cervical dystonia is characterized by abnormal, involuntary, and sustained contractions of cervical muscles. Current ways of treatment focus on alleviating symptomatic muscle activity. Besides pharmacological treatment, in severe cases patients may receive neuromodulative intervention such as deep brain stimulation. However, these (highly invasive) methods have some major drawbacks. For the first time, percutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (pVNS) was applied in a single case of primary cervical dystonia. Auricular vagus nerve stimulation was already shown to modulate the (autonomous) sympathovagal balance of the body and proved to be an effective treatment in acute and chronic pain, epilepsy, as well as major depression. pVNS effects on cervical dystonia may be hypothesized to rely upon: (i) the alteration of sensory input to the brain, which affects structures involved in the genesis of motoric and nonmotoric dystonic symptoms; and (ii) the alteration of the sympathovagal balance with a sustained impact on involuntary movement control, pain, quality of sleep, and general well‐being. The presented data provide experimental evidence that pVNS may be a new alternative and minimally invasive treatment in primary cervical dystonia. One female patient (age 50 years) suffering from therapy refractory cervical dystonia was treated with pVNS over 20 months. Significant improvement in muscle pain, dystonic symptoms, and autonomic regulation as well as a subjective improvement in motility, sleep, and mood were achieved. A subjective improvement in pain recorded by visual analog scale ratings (0–10) was observed from 5.42 to 3.92 (medians). Muscle tone of the mainly affected left and right trapezius muscle in supine position was favorably reduced by about 96%. Significant reduction of muscle tone was also achieved in sitting and standing positions of the patient. Habituation to stimulation leading to reduced stimulation efficiency was observed and counteracted by varying stimulation patterns. Experimental evidence is provided for significantly varied sympathovagal modulation in response to pVNS during sleep, assessed via heart rate variability (HRV). Time domain measures like the root mean square of successive normal to normal heart beat intervals, representing parasympathetic (vagal) activity, increased from 37.8 to 67.6 ms (medians). Spectral domain measures of HRV also show a shift to a more pronounced parasympathetic activity.
Client knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding zoonoses: a metropolitan experience
Authors: Steele SG , Mor SM 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo assess knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to zoonoses among pet owners.MethodsQuestionnaire completed by 81 clients attending a small animal practice in Sydney, Australia.ResultsMost (64.5%) clients reported that they were not concerned about contracting a disease from their pet, but 7.9% and 3.9% of clients were a little or very concerned, respectively; 23.7% of clients stated that they had not considered the possibility. Although respondents indicated that they had heard of a number of zoonoses, knowledge of animal sources and exposure pathways was generally low, particularly for the more important zoonoses in Australia such as toxoplasmosis, psittacosis and Q fever. Only 37.0%, 12.3% and 11.1%, respectively, of clients had heard of these diseases. Most respondents (84.1%) indicated that they viewed veterinarians as having the primary responsibility for providing information about zoonoses, yet less than half (48.1%) recalled ever getting information from their veterinarian. Likewise, many respondents (48.1%) indicated that medical professionals played a role in providing information about zoonoses, yet less than one‐quarter (23.5%) recalled ever getting information from their doctor.ConclusionThe low level of knowledge among pet owners about sources and exposure pathways indicates a need to strengthen communication between veterinarians, doctors and their clients around the possible risks of zoonoses and appropriate prevention strategies.
Organoarsenic Roxarsone Promotes Angiogenesis In Vivo
Authors: Zhang Yumei , Wang Yujing , Lu Qianqian , Xin Wenfang , Cui Weibo , Zhu Jiaqiao 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRoxarsone, an organoarsenic feed additive, is widely used worldwide to promote animal growth. It has been found to exhibit a higher angiogenic index than AsIII at lower concentrations and to promote angiogenic phenotype in human endothelial cell in vitro. Little research has focused on the potential angiogenic effect of roxarsone in vitro or in vivo. Here, we investigated the pro‐angiogenic effect of roxarsone in vivo. The effects of 0.1–10.0 μM roxarsone were tested in the rat endothelial cell Matrigel plug assay, chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and MCF‐7 cell xenograft tumour model; 10 ng/mL vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was used as a positive control and PBS as a negative control. Roxarsone significantly increased the volume, weight and haemoglobin content of the Matrigel plugs compared to PBS group (p < 0.05); 1.0 μM roxarsone exerted the most significant effects. H&E staining and CD31 immunochemistry revealed obviously more new vessels or capillary‐like structures in the plugs of the roxarsone and VEGF groups. Roxarsone significantly increased the numbers of primary/secondary vessels and area of vessels in the CAM assay and obviously increased tumour weight and volume in the xenograft model compared to PBS (p < 0.05). Histochemistry indicated local necrosis was observed at the centre of the xenograft tumours in the PBS and roxarsone groups, with less necrosis apparent in the VEGF‐treated tumours. The growth of endothelial cells and VEGF level was obviously affected at blockade of VEGF and its receptor Flt‐1/Flk‐1 by SU5416 or its antibody in vitro. This study demonstrates roxarsone promotes angiogenesis in vivo, and a VEGF/VEGFR mechanism may be involved.
Trajectories of Ethnic–Racial Identity and Autonomy Among Mexican‐Origin Adolescent Mothers in the United States
Authors: Umaña‐Taylor Adriana J. , Updegraff Kimberly A. , Jahromi Laudan B. , Zeiders Katharine H. 
Published: October 2015

This study examined trajectories of ethnic–racial identity (ERI) and autonomy development among Mexican‐origin adolescent females in the United States (N = 181; Mage at Wave 1 = 16.80 years, SD = 1.00) as they transitioned through the first 5 years of parenthood. Trajectories of ERI and autonomy also were examined in relation to psychosocial functioning. Unconditional latent growth models indicated significant growth in autonomy, ERI resolution, and ERI affirmation from middle to late adolescence. Conditional latent growth models indicated that autonomy and ERI exploration growth trajectories were positively associated with psychosocial adjustment. Although adolescent mothers are experiencing transitions that are not normative during adolescence, they also engage in normative developmental processes, and their engagement in such processes is linked with better adjustment.
Scraps, Neighbors, and Committees: Material Things, Place‐Making, and the State in anAstana Apartment Block
Authors: LASZCZKOWSKI MATEUSZ 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDrawing on fieldwork in 2008–09, this article focuses on a courtyard (dvor) in aSoviet‐era apartment block inAstana,Kazakhstan. I explore the mundane material maintenance of the courtyard, in particular the use of scraps, as a way to reflect on the relationships between material agency, the formation of locality, and the state. Historically, the courtyard was an urban form through which the Soviet state sought to define its citizenry. In the post‐Soviet period the dvor persists as a space in which citizens' subjectivities and relationships to the state are formed. However, infrastructures fall into disrepair and are haphazardly patched up by residents. I argue that scraps play important roles in the emergence of localities, both enabling and constraining residents' agency. They engender a sense of disconnect between the local community and the state. Simultaneously, scrappiness also means that locality is unstable and ephemeral. Scraps, in general, are an underappreciated element of urbanization; yet they are significant actants in the making and unmaking of social and political configurations.
Touring the Hidden City: Walking Tour Guides in DeindustrializingGenoa
Authors: GUANO EMANUELA 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic research conducted inGenoa, a northernItalian city whose deindustrialization process began in the early 1970s, this paper explores how the city's high levels of intellectual unemployment have given rise to the profession of walking tour guides. These are highly educated women, and more rarely men, who, working independently of the financial and political powers that usually drive urban revitalization processes, utilize their cultural capital and talents to spin itinerant tales of concealment and discovery around the master narrative of Genoa's decline and its tourist potential. Through an analysis of their professional histories and experiences as well as the ways they present the city, I argue that the guides comprise asui generis“creative class” (Florida 2012) that helps transformGenoa into a city worth visiting. In their attempt to boost cultural tourism, tour guides inhabit a liminal space from where they vie for legitimacy, build professional personas that both challenge and reinforce gender norms, and straddle contested lines between high and popular culture, and between amateurism and professionalism. I contend that, compared withRichardFlorida's (2012) upwardly mobile “talents,”Genoa's walking tour guides form a residual creative class that emerges out of necessity and struggles to survive by creatively exploiting the “hiddenness” of a densely layered cityscape.