bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data ‐Driven Long‐Term Energy Efficiency Prediction of Dielectric Elastomer Artificial Muscles
Authors: Li Ang (Leo) , Cuvin Phil , Lee Siyoung , Gu Jiahao , Tugui Codrin , Duduta Mihai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe widespread adoption of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) as compliant artificial muscle is on the horizon after a wide range of prototype demonstrations. The next step is to accelerate the material optimization for specific design requirements. This work proposes a data‐driven framework to predict long‐term DEA energy consumption and efficiency using measurements of initial electrical properties. DEA datasets are generated from 242 pre‐stretched single‐layer actuators and 53 multi‐layer bending actuators actuated for 30–180min. Devices are made with different elastomer and electrode materials, and tested with a novel instrument that can measure multiple aspects of DEA actuation. First, experiments are conducted to develop an empirical understanding of the electro‐mechanical energy conversion mechanism and the impact of material choices during DEA actuation. Second, data‐driven models are applied to the datasets to predict energy consumption and efficiency. Third, the potential generalization of this approach is investigated by using transfer learning strategies to predict energy efficiency at 100 min with as little as 1 min of input data. Moreover, it is found that linear regression can extend the prediction up to 180 min. Additionally, transfer learning is applied to predict energy‐related properties of multi‐layer DEAs using a small dataset. The proposed data‐driven framework can evolve into an intelligent system for accelerating new material discovery by predicting performance and providing device optimization strategies.
Achieving 19.4% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells by Reducing Backbone Disorder in Donor Terpolymers
Authors: Zhang Guangjun , Wu Qingxing , Duan Yuwei , Liu Wanqiang , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Zhao Qiming , Zhou Hu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ternary copolymerization strategy has emerged as a promising strategy for developing high‐efficiency donor polymers in polymer solar cells (PSCs). Terpolymers based on the star polymer PM6 have already realized good photovoltaic performance. However, challenges such as the intricate synthesis of fluorine‐substituted benzodithiophene (F‐BDT) unit of PM6 and entropy increase induced by backbone disorder have hindered the construction of high‐performance donor terpolymers. In this work, these challenges are addressed by opting for the cost‐effective chlorinated‐substituted benzodithiophene unit (Cl‐BDT) as an alternative to F‐BDT and incorporating the large dipole moment and electron‐deficient TPD group as the third component into the high‐performance donor polymer of PM7. As expected, this approach effectively suppresses terpolymer backbone disorder while enhancing crystallinity, thereby optimizing morphology and improving charge generation and transport. Remarkably, the PM7‐TPD‐10‐based device with 10% TPD replacement achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.26%. After introducing PM7‐TPD‐10 as the third component into D18:L8‐BO blend, a dual mechanism for improving the efficiency to 19.40% is realized. This work demonstrates that the high dipole moiety as the third component to construct terpolymers is an important strategy to suppress the backbone disorder and increase the crystallinity, facilitating the optimization of morphology and device performance.
Muticomponent Melt‐Electrowritten Vascular Graft to Mimic and Guide Regeneration of Small Diameter Blood Vessels
Authors: Federici Angelica S. , Garcia Orquidea , Kelly Daniel J. , Hoey David A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity. Current treatments include vessel substitution using autologous/synthetic vascular grafts, but these commonly fail in small diameter applications, largely due to compliance mismatch and clot formation. In this study, a multicomponent vascular graft, that takes inspiration from native vessel architecture, is developed to overcome these limitations. Melt electrowriting (MEW) is used to produce tubular scaffolds with vascular‐mimetic fiber architecture and mechanics, which is combined with a lyophilized fibrinogen matrix with tailored degradation kinetics to generate a hybrid graft. The MEW framework not only contributes to graft mechanics, but also provides contact guidance to direct cell/neotissue orientation and mimic the native tunica media. This construct is further functionalized with heparin, which in combination with the smooth extracellular matrix (ECM) surface, reduced platelet adhesion and clot formation providing a substrate for endothelization, thereby mimicking the function of the intima. Lastly, an outer electrospun layer representing the adventitia is added to improve elasticity and reduce permeability. This graft satisfies ISO implantability requirements, matches the compliance of native vessels, and reestablishes physiological flow with minimal clot formation in a preclinical model. Therefore, this graft represents an innovative off‐the‐shelf alternative to address the unmet clinical need for small‐diameter vascular grafts.
Cinnamon Particle‐Stabilized Gas Marbles: A Novel Approach for Enhanced Stability and Versatile Applications
Authors: Mukai Eima , Dari Carolina , Yasui Takanori , Yagishita Takuto , Fameau Anne‐Laure , Fujii Syuji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSuspension of solid particles at interfaces is a common phenomenon, pivotal in natural, and industrial contexts. This study focuses on gas marbles which are single soap‐like air bubbles in air environment stabilized by colloidal particles. A unique stabilization method employing edible cinnamon particles is introduced. Unlike previous studies using spherical particles, the irregularly‐shaped micrometer‐sized cinnamon particles demonstrate remarkable long‐term stability through jamming and interlocking at the air‐liquid interface. Comprehensive characterization via optical and scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle experiments, elucidates the stabilization mechanism. These gas marbles exhibit exceptional resilience against drying, heating, freezing, and mechanical stress. They can be fabricated with various edible liquids offering extensive customization possibilities. This breakthrough introduces a promising method for creating stable gas marbles with edible particles, offering versatility for various fields and applications. The application scope includes surface catalysis and shock/vibration sensors, and also molecular gastronomy.
Regulating the Oxygen Vacancy on Bi2MoO6/Co3O4 Core‐Shell Nanocage Enables Highly Selective CO2 Photoreduction to CH4
Authors: Fan Jingshan , Shi Liang , Ge Haonan , Liu Jiangchuan , Deng Xiuzheng , Li Zhongyu , Liang Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into high‐value‐added fuels has received significant attention, yet multiple electron and proton processes involved in CO2RR result in low selectivity. Herein, a strategy involving oxygen vacancies (Ovs)‐enriched Bi2MoO6 coated on ZIF‐67‐derived Co3O4 to construct well‐defined core‐shell nanocage is developed, which drives effective CO2 photoconversion to CH4 with nearly 100% selectivity and high apparent quantum efficiency of 2.5% at 420 nm in pure water under simulated irradiation. Theoretical calculations and experiments exhibit that the potential difference stemming from the built‐in electric field provides guarantee for CO2 reduction occurring on Bi2MoO6 and H2O oxidation set in Co3O4. Numerous exposed Bi2MoO6 with Ovs formed in Bi─O bond by ethylene glycol mediated approach promotes the CO2 adsorption and charge separation efficiency, which can optimize the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics, facilitating the hydrogenation of key intermediate *CO to generate CH4. This work provides a new strategy for controlled oxygen vacancy generation on photocatalysts to achieve high‐performance CO2 methanation.
Reliable Fabrication of Mineral‐Graded Scaffolds by Spin‐Coating and Laser Machining for Use in Tendon‐to‐Bone Insertion Repair
Authors: Chen Yidan , Hao Min , Bousso Ismael , Thomopoulos Stavros , Xia Younan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA reliable method for fabricating biomimetic scaffolds with a controllable mineral gradient to facilitate the surgical repair of tendon‐to‐bone injuries and the regeneration of the enthesis is reported. The gradient in mineral content is created by sequentially spin‐coating with hydroxyapatite/poly(ε‐caprolactone) suspensions containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in decreasing concentrations. To produce pores and facilitate cell infiltration, the spin‐coated film is released and patterned with an array of funnel‐shaped microchannels by laser machining. The unique design provided both mechanical (i.e., substrate stiffness) and biochemical (e.g., hydroxyapatite content) cues to spatially control the graded differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Immunocytochemical analysis of human mesenchymal stem cell‐seeded scaffolds after 14 days of culture demonstrated the formation of a spatial phenotypic cell gradient from osteoblasts to mineralized chondrocytes based on the level of mineralization in the scaffold. By successfully recreating compositional and cellular features of the native tendon enthesis, the biomimetic scaffolds offer a promising avenue for improved tendon‐to‐bone repair.
AC‐Driven Plasmon Waveguide Integrated Electroluminescent Device
Authors: Yi Xiao , Zhai Jixin , Luo Ziyu , Liu Huawei , Liu Yong , Yang Xin , Tan Qin , Qu Junyu , Liu Bingjie , Jiang Qi , Sun Ronghuan , Zhang Quanlong , Jiang Ying , Chen Shula , Pan Anlian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotonic elements have greater information‐carrying capabilities compared to electronic components, making the development of high‐speed, chip‐integrated optical communication devices crucial for addressing interconnect bottlenecks in high‐speed computing systems. Significant progress has been made in studying light sources and their transmission. Despite these advancements, achieving a satisfactory integration of photonic circuits with both light source and optical waveguide functions has remained a challenge. Here, a silver nanowire (AgNW) waveguide‐integrated light source is demonstrated driven by alternating current (AC) voltage. AgNW functions as both the electrode and waveguide to simplify the device structure, and the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) monolayer acts as the gain media in device. The electroluminescence (EL) can be tunably modulated via adjusting the frequency and voltage of the AC in this device, and it is also successfully coupled into the waveguide with its transmission distance up to 25 µm. The experiments of electroluminescence and waveguide transmission of different materials and their interlayer excitons have made a preliminary exploration of multiple wavelength transmission. It provides a new research platform forward in the development of chip‐integrated optical communication devices, thereby hopefully addressing the interconnect bottleneck and unlocking the potential for enhanced performance and efficiency in high‐speed computing systems.
New Insights into MAI Additives in 2D‐Assisted 3D Controlled Crystallization Toward High‐Quality α‐Phase FAPbI3 Perovskites
Authors: Liu Tao , Hou Meichen , Hao Wending , Du Shitong , Yang Wenbin , Yuan Yihui , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe highly oriented 2D perovskite templates of n = 1 have typically been created to attain controllable and oriented crystallization of 3D α‐phase formamidinium lead triiodide (α‐FAPbI3) perovskites. However, the role of methylammonium iodide (MAI), a widely used α‐FAPbI3 phase stabilizer, in regulating the growth dynamics of 2D/3D perovskites is generally ignored. Herein, Ruddlesden–Popper type n = 1 2D octylammonium lead iodide (OA2PbI4) perovskites are added into FAPbI3 precursor solution. The template of n = 2 (OA2MAPb2I7), which is spontaneously constructed by the mixture of n = 1 2D and methylammonium chloride (MACl), acts as a skeleton to template the epitaxial growth of α‐FAPbI3. However, the volatilization of MACl inevitably causes damage to the 2D structure during thermal annealing. This study reveals that small amounts of less volatile MAI additive enables the creation of stable 2D template, leading to more controlled vertical orientation crystallization. Consequently, the high‐quality mixed‐dimensional perovskite film delivers a high efficiency of 24.19% together with improved intrinsic stability. This work provides an in‐depth understanding of 2D‐assisted controlled epitaxial growth of α‐FAPbI3.
SiMPl‐GS: Advancing Cell Line Development via Synthetic Selection Marker for Next‐Generation Biopharmaceutical Production
Authors: Yoon Chansik , Lee Eun‐ji , Kim Dongil , Joung Siyun , Kim Yujin , Jung Heungchae , Kim Yeon‐Gu , Lee Gyun Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRapid and efficient cell line development (CLD) process is essential to expedite therapeutic protein development. However, the performance of widely used glutamine‐based selection systems is limited by low selection efficiency, stringency, and the inability to select multiple genes. Therefore, an AND‐gate synthetic selection system is rationally designed using split intein‐mediated protein ligation of glutamine synthetase (GS) (SiMPl‐GS). Split sites of the GS are selected using a computational approach and validated with GS‐knockout Chinese hamster ovary cells for their potential to enable cell survival in a glutamine‐free medium. In CLD, SiMPl‐GS outperforms the wild‐type GS by selectively enriching high producers. Unlike wild‐type GS, SiMPl‐GS results in cell pools in which most cells produce high levels of therapeutic proteins. Harnessing orthogonal split intein pairs further enables the selection of four plasmids with a single selection, streamlining multispecific antibody‐producing CLD. Taken together, SiMPl‐GS is a simple yet effective means to expedite CLD for therapeutic protein production.
Pushing the Operation Current Density of Alkaline Water Oxidation above 1 A cm2 via Electrocatalyst Engineering
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Wang Kunyan , Tan Lei , Meharban Faiza , Wang Dong , Li Xiaopeng , Lin Chao , Luo Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRapid cost reduction of green hydrogen is essential for the large‐scale deployment of hydrogen‐based energy system. A major component in achieving this is the development of advanced water electrolyzers. Sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the bottleneck for water electrolysis, and tremendous efforts have been devoted to develop electrocatalysts that accelerate the OER kinetics. Recent advances have highlighted the potential of precious metal‐free OER electrocatalyst capable of stable operation at current densities above 1 A cm2. This brings an opportunity of constructing new‐generation electrolyzer with lower cost and higher productivity. However, achieving such high operating current densities presents new challenges. This review summarize the recent progress of high‐performance OER catalysts, and identifies key factors that can be leveraged to enhance catalyst activity. These factors include interface/surface engineering, amorphous and crystal phase coupling, hierarchical structure design, structural reconstruction and phase conversion, high entropy catalyst, and defect engineering. Additionally, the pressing challenges that have been largely ignored in previous research is addressed, such as sustaining long‐term stability under crucial conditions, disadvantages of immobilized powder electrocatalysts, electrode scale design, the necessity of designing innovative electrolyzer cell designs and advance characterization techniques.
Medicaid expansion and participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: The role of Integrated Eligibility Systems
Authors: Mandal Bidisha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion may increase participation in other public programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. This study examines a potential mechanism behind these effects. Before the expansion, most states operated Integrated Eligibility Systems that managed enrollment processes for various public programs. In 2014, many states decoupled Medicaid from these platforms following Medicaid's new eligibility criteria. This research examines the impact of Medicaid expansion on integrated systems and SNAP participation, finding higher SNAP participation rates in states with uninterrupted Integrated Eligibility Systems compared to those that delinked their systems or never had such systems.
Advancing self‐healing soy protein hydrogel with dynamic Schiff base and metal‐ligand bonds for diabetic chronic wound recovery
Authors: Lan Tian , Dong Yabo , Shi Jiajia , Wang Xing , Xu Zejian , Zhang Yan , Jiang Lianzhou , Zhou Weibiao , Sui Xiaonan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo address the unique challenges of diabetic wound healing, wound dressings, particularly multifunctional hydrogels have garnered considerable interest. For the first time, a novel environmentally friendly soy protein‐based hydrogel is developed to accelerate the healing of diabetic chronic wounds. Specifically, this hydrogel framework is in direct formation through the dynamic Schiff base between oxidized guar gum and epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG)‐modified soy protein isolate. Meantime, the addition of Ag+ enhances the cross‐linking of the hydrogel network by forming metal‐ligand bonds with the catechol groups in EGCG. Interestingly, the stretchability (up to 380%), swelling, and rheology properties of the hydrogel can be controlled by fine‐tuning the density of metal‐ligand bonds, endowing them with a high potential for precise matching. Additionally, various dynamic bonds endow hydrogel with excellent self‐healing ability, adhesiveness, and injectability. This hydrogel also exhibits good antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and cell migration capabilities. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated the outstanding anti‐inflammatory capacity of the hydrogel and its ability to modulate macrophage polarization. Consequently, the hydrogel has proven effective in promoting wound healing in a diabetic full‐thickness wound model through enhanced angiogenesis and collagen deposition. This eco‐friendly plant protein hydrogel offers a sustainable solution for wound care and environmental protection.
Burden and social distribution of occupational psychosocial exposures in the United States workforce, 2022
Authors: Stephan‐Recaido Shelley C. , Peckham Trevor K. , Hawkins Devan , Baker Marissa G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the burden and social distribution of occupational psychosocial exposures in the United States (US).MethodsWe merged 2022 US employment and demographic data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) with occupational characteristic data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics Survey, and hours worked from the CPS, to estimate the number and proportion of US workers at risk of exposure to 19 psychosocial hazards. We additionally estimated the number and proportion of US workers over‐ or underrepresented in exposure burden.ResultsOf the exposures examined, US workers were most commonly employed in occupations with high time pressure (67.5 million US workers exposed; 43.2% US workers exposed), high emotional labor (57.1 million; 36.6%), and low wages (47.8 million; 30.6%). The burden of exposures was uneven across sociodemographic strata, attributable to occupational segregation. The full data set is available online at https://deohs.washington.edu/us-exposure-burden.ConclusionsWork‐related psychosocial exposures are ubiquitous and should be considered in occupational and public health research, policy, and interventions to reduce the burden of disease and health inequities in the United States.
Considering challenges for the new Alzheimer's drugs: Clinical, population, and health system perspectives
Authors: Walsh Sebastian , Merrick Richard , Milne Richard , Nurock Shirley , Richard Edo , Brayne Carol 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent approvals of amyloid immunotherapy drugs for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been highly controversial. In this piece, we consider challenges from the clinical, population health, and health systems perspectives to the role that the new AD drugs might be expected to play, now and in the future, in alleviating the morbidity caused by AD in the population. Clinically, short‐term effects are small, adverse events are frequent, treatment regimens are burdensome, and, crucially, long‐term effects are unknown. At a population level, there is always likely to be a trade‐off between breadth of access and magnitude of benefit for any given individual. At a health system level, roll out of treatment even for only narrowly‐defined patient groups will involve considerable resources to identify and treat eligible patients, with profound opportunity costs. Our considered view on current evidence is that there are challenges from each perspective to imagining a foreseeable future in which amyloid immunotherapy significantly alleviates AD morbidity at scale.Highlights
Recent approvals of Alzheimer's drugs have met with excitement but also controversy.
Trial effects are small, adverse effects concerning, and long‐term effects unknown.
Results from trial cohorts may not generalize to broader, more complex patients.
Significant resource requirements of eligibility assessment and drug administration.
Use in “presymptomatic” populations is not supported by current evidence.
Regulating the Scaling Relations in Ammonia Synthesis through a Light‐Driven Bendable Seesaw Effect on Tailored Iron Catalyst
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Pei , Zhang Xiaohu , Wang Shengyao , Ding Xing , Ma Hongshan , Wang He , Li Yuanzhi , Jiang Bo , Song Hui , Hai Xiao , Lu Yue , Chen Hao , Ye Jinhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvancing the energy‐intensive Haber–Bosch process faces significant challenges due to the intrinsic constraints of scaling relations in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we reported an approach of bending the “seesaw effect” to regulate the scaling relations over a tailored α‐Fe metallic material (α‐Fe‐110s), realizing highly efficient light‐driven thermal catalytic ammonia synthesis with a rate of 1260 μmol gcatalyst−1 h−1 without additional heating. Specifically, the thermal catalytic activity of α‐Fe‐110s was significantly enhanced by the novel stepped {110} surface, exhibiting a 3.8‐fold increase compared to the commercial fused‐iron catalyst with promoters at 350 °C. The photo‐induced hot electron transfer further accelerates the dinitrogen dissociation and hydrogenation simultaneously, effectively overcoming the limitation of scaling relation over identical sites. Consequently, the ammonia production rate of α‐Fe‐110s was further enhanced by 30 times at the same temperature with irradiation. This work designs an efficient and sustainable system for ammonia synthesis and provides a novel approach for regulating the scaling relations in heterogeneous catalysis.