bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typology of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink Consumers: Motivations for Use
Authors: Peacock Amy , Droste Nicolas , Pennay Amy , Miller Peter , Lubman Dan I. , Bruno Raimondo 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundPrevious research on alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has shown that use is typically driven by hedonistic, social, functional, and intoxication‐related motives, with differential associations with alcohol‐related harm across these constructs. There has been no research looking at whether there are subgroups of consumers based on patterns of motivations. Consequently, the aims were to determine the typology of motivations for AmED use among a community sample and to identify correlates of subgroup membership. In addition, we aimed to determine whether this structure of motivations applied to a university student sample.MethodsData were used from an Australian community sample (n = 731) and an Australian university student sample (n = 594) who were identified as AmED consumers when completing an online survey about their alcohol and ED use. Participants reported their level of agreement with 14 motivations for AmED use; latent classes of AmED consumers were identified based on patterns of motivation endorsement using latent class analysis.ResultsA 4‐class model was selected using data from the community sample: (i) taste consumers (31%): endorsed pleasurable taste; (ii) energy‐seeking consumers (24%): endorsed functional and taste motives; (iii) hedonistic consumers (33%): endorse pleasure and sensation‐seeking motives, as well as functional and taste motives; and (iv) intoxication‐related consumers (12%): endorsed motives related to feeling in control of intoxication, as well as hedonistic, functional, and taste motives. The consumer subgroups typically did not differ on demographics, other drug use, alcohol and ED use, and AmED risk taking. The patterns of motivations for the 4‐class model were similar for the university student sample.ConclusionsThis study indicated the existence of 4 subgroups of AmED consumers based on their patterns of motivations for AmED use consistently structured across the community and university student sample. These findings lend support to the growing conceptualization of AmED consumers as a heterogeneous group in regard to motivations for use, with a hierarchical and cumulative class order in regard to the number of types of motivation for AmED use. Prospective research may endeavor to link session‐specific motives and outcomes, as it is apparent that primary consumption motives may be fluid between sessions.
Design of MySuper default funds: influences and outcomes
Authors: Butt Adam , Donald M. Scott , Foster F. Douglas , Thorp Susan , Warren Geoffrey J. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe interview Australian fund executives about how their organisations responded to MySuper, a regulatory framework for default retirement savings funds that providers were required to have in place by the beginning of 2014. We provide an account of the influences on MySuper product design. Our analysis generates insight into how fund providers balanced their perceptions of the needs of default fund members against business considerations. Differences in member bases and organisational circumstances across funds are found to lead to considerable variation in default fund design.
Lymph node grafting in the treatment of upper limb lymphoedema: a clinical trial
Authors: Travis Elizabeth C. , Shugg Sarah , McEwan Winston M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundMicrovascular lymph node transfer has been shown to improve the severity of lymphoedema. However, microvascular surgery is not suitable for all patients. Simple lymph node grafting does not require general anaesthetic or significant surgical resources and is a technique that has been tested in animal models only until this point. Our hypothesis is that the transplanted lymph nodes integrate into the lymphovascular system and function as a ‘pump’, directly pumping interstitial fluid back into the venous system.MethodsWe hypothesized that lymph node grafting would improve lymphoedema with a low risk of complications. The procedure was performed in a day surgery setting under local anaesthetic with sedation. Two lymph nodes were harvested from the groin and grafted into subcutaneous tissue on the volar aspect of the affected limb at supratrochlear and wrist levels.ResultsWe found that nine of 10 patients reported a subjective and/or functional improvement in their lymphoedema, including an improvement in hand function and tissue feel. Truncal cone calculation volumes showed an overall decrease in affected limb volume of 89.7 mL (standard deviation = 136.5). Furthermore, follow‐up lymphoscintigram imaging on one patient demonstrated viability and function of the implanted node.ConclusionsWe conclude that this is a safe procedure and should be further investigated as an alternative to a microsurgical procedure as a treatment for upper limb lymphoedema. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm the findings of this pilot study.
Alternative technique for nipple‐areola complex reconstruction with poor skin condition
Authors: Pizzonia Giuseppe , Sasso Andrea , Rossello Carlo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of the nipple‐areola complex (NAC) is generally the final step in breast reconstruction. NAC reconstructions are frequently complicated by scars, which are a common complication of radical surgery. Sometimes, radiotherapy further complicates these cases.MethodsUnder these conditions, we present an alternative technique with a better chance of ensuring the vitality of the reconstructed NAC. We evaluated in a 35‐patient group (G1) the average healing time, the subjective perception (aesthetics satisfaction), projection and diameter of the NAC as measures of the aesthetic and safety of the results compared with those of a control group 2 who underwent traditional techniques reconstruction.ResultsWe present the following results: an average post‐op projection of 5 ± 2 mm in group 1 and 8 ± 2 mm in group 2; good stability over a 12‐month period: lower reduction of the NAC projection (cumulative values within 2 mm) has been 80% in group 1 and 68.57% in the control group G2. A faster full recovery has been observed without post‐operative complications in group 1 (11 ± 2 days) versus group 2 (14 ± 2 days) with minor complications. Other parameters were good in measures and comparable in both groups.ConclusionAccording to our data, this technique appears to ensure a good aesthetic result with acceptable stability over time. Moreover, healing process appears to be faster and less complicated in the experimental group.
Immunolocalization of a p53/p63‐like protein in the regenerating tail of the wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) suggests it is involved in the differentiation of the epidermis
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDuring tail regeneration in lizards, the epidermis forms new scales comprising a hard beta‐layer and a softer alpha‐layer. Regenerated scales derive from a controlled folding process of the wound epidermis that gives rise to epidermal pegs where keratinocytes do not invade the dermis. Basal keratinocytes of pegs give rise to suprabasal cells that initially differentiate into a corneous wound epidermis and later in corneous layers of the regenerated scales. The immunodetection of a putative p53/63 protein in the regenerating tail of lizards shows that immunoreactivity is present in the nuclei of basal cells of the epidermis but becomes mainly cytoplasmic in suprabasal and in differentiating keratinocytes. Sparse labelled cells are present in the regenerating blastema, muscles, cartilage, ependyma and nerves of the growing tail. Ultrastructural observations on basal and suprabasal keratinocytes show that the labelling is mainly present in the euchromatin and nucleolus while labelling is more diffuse in the cytoplasm. These observations indicate that the nuclear protein in basal keratinocytes might control their proliferation avoiding an uncontrolled spreading into other tissues of the regenerating tail but that in suprabasal keratinocytes the protein moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, a process that might be associated to keratinocyte differentiation.
A comparative picture of the ease of use and acceptance of onscreen marking by markers across subject areas
Authors: Coniam David , Yan Zi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOnscreen marking (OSM) has been used for the majority of Hong Kong public examinations since 2012. The current study compares marker reactions to OSM, ie, perceived ease of use and acceptance of OSM, against the backdrop of virtually all subject areas being marked on screen. The data were collected from three major sources: (1) survey data obtained from 1743 markers across 14 major subject areas, (2) markers' qualitative comments about the OSM system and (3) post‐hoc interviews with a key informant from the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA). Results showed that, in general, markers revealed a high level of perceived ease of use and positive acceptance of OSM. The effect of subject area for both scales was statistically significant. On the Ease of Use in the OSM Environment scale, markers of information and communication technology (ICT) and mathematics were the most positive, with markers of history and geography the least positive. On the Acceptance of OSM scale, markers of mathematics and ICT were the most accepting, with markers of biology and geography the least. The analysis of survey data was triangulated by markers' qualitative comments together with the HKEAA staff interview. Possible explanations for the results are proposed and implications for the further development of OSM are briefly discussed.
Union Strategies, National Institutions and the Use of Temporary Labour in Italian and US Plants
Authors: Pulignano Valeria , Signoretti Andrea 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article analyses variation in the use of temporary labour based on a comparison of two plants of the same US automotive multinational corporation, one in Italy and the other in the United States. We argue that differences in the use of temporary labour are explained by union capacities to make trade‐offs between alternative forms of flexibility as well as trade‐offs in the protection of internal and external groups of workers. Union capacity is dependent on the availability of power resources within different national institutional environments. These resources are shown to influence not only the ways in which temporary workers are used but also bargaining outcomes — including employment conditions — benefiting them.
The Setback in Political Entrepreneurship and Employment Dualization in Japan, 1998–2012
Authors: Yun Ji‐Whan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractScholars are mainly concerned about how policy makers in advanced countries have succeeded in dualizing labour market regulations in a way to realize their vision or to represent powerful industrial interests. However, Japan's recent experiences suggest the possibility that this dualization is not such a straightforward outcome. This study argues that as Japan's political entrepreneurs have undergone setbacks in their reform attempt to overcome the tradition of employment dualism, they have improvised to close the reform process by institutionalizing this tradition. This study corroborates the argument by investigating state‐industry conflicts over the revisions of the Worker Dispatch Law in 1999, 2003 and 2012.
The role of parental and peer attachment relationships and school connectedness in predicting adolescent mental health outcomes
Authors: Oldfield Jeremy , Humphrey Neil , Hebron Judith 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundAdolescent attachment relationships with parents and peers and the sense of connectedness with the schools attended have been established as salient predictors of psychological well‐being. Few studies, however, have assessed the relative importance of each attachment or connectedness relationship and how they interrelate to influence mental health outcomes.MethodA total of 203 adolescents (11–16 years) completed self‐report measures of parental and peer attachment (Inventory of Parental & Peer Attachment – Revised; Gullone & Robinson, ); school connectedness (Psychological Sense of School Membership; Goodenow, ); conduct problems, emotional symptoms and prosocial behaviour (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; Goodman, ).ResultsMultiple regression analyses demonstrated that more insecure parental attachment (although not peer attachment or school connectedness) predicted conduct problems and emotional difficulties. Peer attachment and school connectedness were significant predictors of prosocial behaviour, whereas parental attachment was not. A mediational analysis revealed that peer attachment and school connectedness both mediate the relationship between parental attachment and prosocial behaviour. No significant moderation effects of either peer attachment or school connectedness on the relationship between parental attachment and mental health outcomes were found.ConclusionsDifferent attachment and connectedness relationships, although related, predict adolescent mental health outcomes in distinct ways. Improving parental attachment may have particular salience in reducing negative behaviours such as conduct problems and emotional difficulties, whereas improving peer attachment and school connectedness could be important for the display of prosocial behaviour.
Development and validation of theHealthy‐UnhealthyMusicScale
Authors: Saarikallio Suvi , Gold Christian , McFerran Katrina 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundMusic is an integral part of life in youth, and although it has been acknowledged that musical behavior reflects broader psychosocial aspects of adolescent behavior, no measurement instruments have been specifically designed for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of adolescent wellbeing and/or symptomatology. This study was conducted in order to develop and validate a scale for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of proneness for depression in youth.MethodItems were developed based on the literature and a prior grounded theory analysis and three surveys (N = 54,N = 187,N = 211) were conducted to select, refine, test, and validate the items. Scale structure was investigated through interitem correlations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA,CFA), and concurrent validity was tested with correlations to depression and wellbeing.ResultsThe final Healthy‐Unhealthy Music Scale (HUMS) consists of 13 items that are divided into Healthy and Unhealthy subscales. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .78 for Healthy and .83 for Unhealthy. The concurrent validity of theHUMSwas confirmed through correlations to wellbeing, happiness and school satisfaction on one hand and depression, rumination, and stress on the other.ConclusionsTheHUMSis as a promising instrument for screening musical engagement that is indicative of proneness for depression in youth.
Normocalcaemic, vitamin D‐sufficient hyperparathyroidism – high prevalence and low morbidity in the general population: A long‐term follow‐up study, the WHO MONICA project, Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Kontogeorgos Georgios , Trimpou Penelope , Laine Christine M. , Oleröd Göran , Lindahl Anders , Landin‐Wilhelmsen Kerstin 
Published: May 2015

SummaryObjectiveThere is limited knowledge about the natural history of normocalcaemic, vitamin D‐sufficient hyperparathyroidism (nHPT). The aim was to study the prevalence of nHPT and its relation to morbidity.DesignCross‐sectional and retrospective study at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.SubjectsA random population of 608 men and women, age 25–64 years, was studied in 1995 as part of the WHO MONICA study and reinvestigated in 2008 (n = 410, of whom 277 were vitamin D sufficient).MeasurementsA serum intact parathyroid hormone (S‐PTH) ≥60 ng/l was considered as HPT, S‐calcium 2·15–2·49 mmol/l as normocalcaemia and S‐25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/l as vitamin D sufficiency. Data on fractures, stroke and myocardial infarction were retrieved until 2013, that is a 17‐year follow‐up.ResultsThe prevalence of nHPT was 2·0% in 1995 (age 25–64) and 11·0% in 2008 (age 38–79). S‐PTH was positively correlated with age and BMI. After adjustment for these variables, a high S‐PTH level (≥60 ng/l) at follow‐up was associated with previously low S‐25(OH)D, high osteocalcin, S‐PTH and both past and presently treated hypertension. No relation was seen with creatinine, cystatin C, malabsorption markers, thyroid function, glucose, insulin, lipids, calcaneal quantitative ultrasound, fractures, myocardial infarction, stroke or death at follow‐up.ConclusionsThis small random population study showed that nHPT was common, 11% at follow‐up. Only one individual developed mild hypercalcaemia in 13 years. Previous S‐PTH was predictive of nHPT and hypertension was prevalent, but no increase in hard end‐points was seen over a 17‐year period.
Keep Your Friends Close? Supply Chain Design and Disruption Risk
Authors: Habermann Marco , Blackhurst Jennifer , Metcalf Ashley Y. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, we evaluate the relationship between supply chain design decisions and supply chain disruption risk. We explore two supply chain design strategies: (i) the dispersion of supply chain partners to reduce supply chain disruption risk versus (ii) the co‐location of supply chain partners to reduce supply chain disruption risk. In addition, we assess supply chain disruption risk from three perspectives: the inbound material flow from the supplier (supply side), the internal production processes (internal), and the outbound material flow to the customer (customer side) as a disruption can occur at any of these locations. We measure disruption risk in terms of stoppages in flows, reductions in flow, close calls (disruptions that were prevented at the last minute), disruption duration (time until normal operation flow was restored), and the spread of disruptions all the way through the supply chain. We use seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) to analyze our data, finding that lead times, especially supply side lead times, are significantly associated with higher levels of supply chain disruption risk. We find co‐location with suppliers appears to have beneficial effects to the reduction of disruption duration, and, overall supply side factors have a higher impact when it comes to supply chain disruption risk than comparable customer side factors.
Disease hazard identification and assessment associated with wildlife population declines
Authors: Pacioni Carlo , Eden Paul , Reiss Andrea , Ellis Trevor , Knowles Graeme , Wayne Adrian F. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryDisease is increasingly being recognised as a risk factor in declining wildlife populations around the globe. However, there are limited protocols to assess disease risks in declining wildlife. Using epidemiological principles, we define a step‐by‐step framework to complete this complex and critical task. As an example, we assessed the potential role of diseases in relation to the decline of the woylie or brush‐tailed bettong (Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi)inWesternAustralia. Between 1999 and 2006, woylie populations declined by 90%. The wildlife disease risk assessment began with a list of all known or suspected diseases to which the woylie, a species of macropod, is susceptible. This list was assessed against the spatial, temporal and demographic characteristics of the decline. Diseases causing widespread and high mortalities or debilitation leading to predation received high scores. Based on this assessment, priority diseases or pathogens for investigation identified were haemoparasites, gastrointestinal helminths,Neospora caninum,Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii),Encephalomyocarditis virus,MacropodOrbiviruses (Wallal virusandWarrego virus),MacropodHerpesviruses (Macropodid herpesvirus 1and2) andSalmonellaspp.
Where has all the fire gone? Quantifying the spatial and temporal extent of fire exclusion in Byron Shire, Australia
Authors: Baker Andrew G. , Catterall Claudia 
Published: May 2015

SummaryFire is a major determinant of vegetation structure worldwide, and structural vegetation change following fire exclusion is well documented throughout Australia. Such changes include the displacement of treeless ecosystems by forest and the transition of open forest to rainforest. These changes displace essential habitat for myriad plant and animal species and are likely drivers of localised species extinctions. Despite these potential consequences, research identifying the spatial extent of fire‐excluded ecosystems is largely absent from the ecological literature. This study identifies the spatial and temporal extent of fire exclusion in Byron Shire in north‐east New South Wales. GIS analysis compared modern fire history with recommended fire intervals for the maintenance of fire‐dependent vegetation types. Fire exclusion (low‐frequency fire) vastly exceeded high‐frequency fire, comprising 99.1% of areas affected by inappropriate fire frequency. Most fire‐dependent vegetation was fire‐excluded, with less than 10% within recommended fire interval thresholds. Most affected areas were fire‐excluded for multiple recommended fire‐return cycles, increasing the likelihood of vegetation change and localised extinctions. These findings demonstrate the operation of a major threatening process affecting Byron Shire's biodiversity that has previously been little recognised. A growing body of ecological literature suggests that irreversible change to fire‐excluded vegetation is likely wherever plant growth resources are sufficient to enable transition. Irreversible vegetation change and rapid species declines have been reported for several communities in Byron Shire, and there is compelling evidence that further change may be widespread. With increasing time since fire, efforts to restore these sites may be complicated by encroaching trees resistant to removal by fire alone and the difficulties of reintroducing low‐intensity understorey fires where the flammable understorey has been lost through shading. Further research into the impacts of fire exclusion is urgently required, as is the reinstatement of fire to fire‐excluded vegetation to prevent ongoing displacement of fire‐dependent biodiversity values.
Engaging in research: challenges and opportunities for health library and information professionals
Authors: Murphy Jeannette 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis year's virtual issue (the 6th in the series) has been published to coincide with the European Association for Health Information and Libraries’ (EAHIL) 2015 workshop (10–12 June, Edinburgh): Research‐Minded: Understanding, Supporting, Conducting Research. This event is being run in collaboration with the International Conference of Animal Health Information Specialists and the International Clinical Librarian Conference. Although research has always been a central part of any librarian's role, until recently health librarians and library users and funding bodies assumed that librarians were ‘midwives’ – there to assist students, clinicians, academics and managers set up and carry out their research. The notion of the librarian as a professional with a research agenda, who understands research methods, submits research grants, and publishes, is a relatively new perspective. If librarians are to take an evidence‐based approach to their profession they need to acquire research skills. This is the rationale for the 2015 EAHIL workshop. To support the workshop, this virtual issue contains six original articles published in Health Information and Libraries Journal over the last 2 years that demonstrate the range of research activities carried out by health librarians, as well as a review article and articles from each of the three feature columns. All articles included in this virtual issue are available free online.