bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Associated Lesions in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Brambilla Lorenzo , Pulici Luca , Carimati Giulia , Quaglia Alessandro , Prospero Emanuele , Bait Corrado , Morenghi Emanuela , Portinaro Nicola , Denti Matteo , Volpi Piero 
Published: October 2015

Background: Knee instability resulting from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is an important risk factor for the onset of meniscal tears and cartilage injuries. A delay of the ligament reconstruction further increases this risk. There is currently no agreement on the right time for surgical ACL reconstruction. Purpose: To verify the correlation of time to ACL reconstruction, patient age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of meniscal tears and cartilage injuries, as well as to identify the proper surgical timing to decrease the risk of developing associated injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The medical records of 988 patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between January 2010 and May 2014 were analyzed to collect data on the prevalence of meniscal tears and cartilage injuries, surgical timing, and patient sex, age, and BMI. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between the prevalence of intra-articular lesions and the independent variables of surgical timing, sex, age, and BMI. Results: The risk of developing at least an associated lesion increased by an average of 0.6% for each month of delay of surgical reconstruction. The odds ratio (OR) for developing an intra-articular lesion was 1.989 (95% CI, 1.403-2.820) in those waiting more than 12 months for ACL reconstruction. A 12-month delay for the intervention nearly doubled the risk of developing a medial meniscal tear (OR, 1.806 [95% CI, 1.317-2.475]) but did not modify the risk for the lateral meniscus (OR, 1.183 [95% CI, 0.847-1.653]). Concerning cartilage lesions, the risk after a 12-month delay increased in the medial compartment (femoral condyle: OR, 2.347 [95% CI, 1.499-3.676]; tibial plateau: OR, 5.574 [95% CI, 1.911-16.258]). In the lateral femoral condyle, the risk became significant in patients who underwent surgery more than 60 months after ACL injury as compared with those treated in the first 3 months (OR, 5.949 [95% CI, 1.825-19.385]). Lateral tibial plateau lesions did not seem to increase significantly. Male sex was a risk factor for the onset of lateral meniscal tears (OR, 2.288 [95% CI, 1.596-3.280]) and medial tears (OR, 1.752 [95% CI, 1.280-2.399]). Older age (OR, 1.017 [95% CI, 1.006-1.029]) and increased BMI (OR, 1.120 [95% CI, 1.072-1.169]) were risk factors for the occurrence of at least 1 associated lesion. Conclusion: ACL reconstruction within 12 months of injury can significantly reduce the risk of meniscal tears and chondral lesions. The close association between BMI and prevalence of associated lesions suggests that attention be paid to patients with an elevated BMI when considering the timing of ACL reconstruction surgery.
Comparative evaluation of in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability of regenerated silk scaffolds reinforced with/without natural silk fibers
Authors: Mobini Sahba , Taghizadeh-Jahed Masoud , Khanmohammadi Manijeh , Moshiri Ali , Naderi Mohammad-Mehdi , Heidari-Vala Hamed , Ashrafi Helan Javad , Khanjani Sayeh , Springer Armin , Akhondi Mohammad-Mehdi , Kazemnejad Somaieh 
Published: October 2015

Nowadays, exceptional advantages of silk fibroin over synthetic and natural polymers have impelled the scientists to application of this biomaterial for tissue engineering purposes. Recently, we showed that embedding natural degummed silk fibers in regenerated Bombyx mori silk-based scaffold significantly increases the mechanical stiffness, while the porosity of the scaffolds remains the same. In the present study, we evaluated degradation rate, biocompatibility and regenerative properties of the regenerated 2% and 4% wt silk-based composite scaffolds with or without embedded natural degummed silk fibers within 90 days in both athymic nude and wild-type C57BL/6 mice through subcutaneous implantation. In all scaffolds, a suitable interconnected porous structure for cell penetration was seen under scanning electron microscopy. Compressive tests revealed a functional relationship between fiber reinforcement and compressive modulus. In addition, the fiber/fibroin composite scaffolds support cell attachment and proliferation. On days 30 to 90 after subcutaneous implantation, the retrieved tissues were examined via gross morphology, histopathology, immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as shown in Figure 1 . Results showed that embedding the silk fibers within the matrix enhances the biodegradability of the matrix resulting in replacement of the composite scaffolds with the fresh connective tissue. Fortification of the composites with degummed fibers not only regulates the degradation profile but also increases the mechanical performance of the scaffolds. This report also confirmed that pore size and structure play an important role in the degradation rate. In conclusion, the findings of the present study narrate key role of additional surface area in improving in vitro and in vivo biological properties of the scaffolds and suggest the potential ability of these fabricated composite scaffolds for connective tissue regeneration. [Figure: see text]
Potential in two types of collagen scaffolds for urological tissue engineering applications – Are there differences in growth behaviour of juvenile and adult vesical cells?
Authors: Leonhäuser D , Vogt M , Tolba RH , Grosse JO 
Published: October 2015

The aging society has a deep impact on patient care in urology. The number of patients in need of partial or whole bladder wall replacement is increasing simultaneously with the number of cancer incidents. Therefore, urological research requires a model of bladder wall replacement in adult and elderly people. Two types of porcine collagen I/III scaffolds were used in vitro for comparison of cell growth of two different pig breeds at different growth stages. Scaffolds were characterised with scanning electron and laser scanning microscopy. Urothelial and detrusor smooth muscle cells were isolated from 15 adult Göttingen minipigs and 15 juvenile German Landrace pigs. Growth behaviour was examined in cell culture and seeded onto the collagen scaffolds via immunohistochemistry, two-photon laser scanning microscopy and a viability assay. The collagen scaffolds showed different structured surfaces which are appropriate for seeding of the two different cell types. Moisturisation of the scaffolds resulted in a change of the structure. Cell growth of German Landrace urothelial cells and smooth muscle cells was significantly higher than cell growth of the Göttingen minipig cells. Seeding of scaffolds with both cell types from both pig races was possible which could be shown by immunohistochemistry and two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Growth behaviour on the scaffolds was significantly increased for the German Landrace compared to Göttingen minipig. Nevertheless, seeding with the adult Göttingen minipig cells resulted in a closed layer on the surface and urothelial cells and smooth muscle cells showed increasing growth until day 14. The results show that these collagen scaffolds are adequate for the seeding with vesical cells. Moreover, they seem appropriate for the use as an in vitro model for the adult or elderly as the cells of the adult Göttingen minipig too, show good growth behaviour.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis Nails
Authors: Taylor James , Lucas Douglas E. , Riley Aimee , Simpson G. Alex , Philbin Terrence M. 
Published: October 2015

Background: Hindfoot arthrodesis with tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) intramedullary nails is used commonly when treating ankle and subtalar arthritis and other hindfoot pathology. Adequate compression is paramount to avoid nonunion and fatigue fracture of the hardware. Arthrodesis systems with internal compression have demonstrated superior compression to systems relying on external methods. This study examined the speed of union with TTC fusion nails with internal compression over nails without internal compression. Methods: A retrospective review was performed identifying nail type and time to union of the subtalar joint (STJ) and tibiotalar joint (TTJ). A total of 198 patients were included from 2003 to 2011. Results: The median time to STJ fusion without internal compression was 104 days compared to 92 days with internal compression ( P = .044). The median time to TTJ fusion without internal compression was 111 days compared to 93 days with internal compression ( P = .010). Adjusting for diabetes, there was no significant difference in fusion speed with or without internal compression for the STJ ( P = .561) or TTJ ( P = .358). Nonunion rates were 24.5% for the STJ and 17.0% for the TTJ with internal compression, and 43.4% for the STJ and 42.1% for the TTJ without internal compression. This difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for diabetes for the TTJ ( P = .001) but not for the STJ ( P = .194). Conclusion: The intramedullary hindfoot arthrodesis nail was a viable treatment option in degenerative joint disease of the TTC joint. There appeared to be an advantage using systems with internal compression; however, there was no statistically significant difference after controlling for diabetes. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Cerebral proliferative angiopathy: Clinical, angiographic features and literature review
Authors: Liu Peng , Lv Xianli , Lv Ming , Li Youxiang 
Published: October 2015

Purpose Here we present our experience with five cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) patients to better delineate the clinical and angiographic features as well as the treatment selection of this disease. Methods Between October 2008 and October 2012, five consecutive patients diagnosed with CPA were admitted to our department in our hospital. All the five patients received magnetic resonance imaging, digital subtraction angiography, and positron emission computed tomography (PET) to definitively confirm this disease. We also collected 15 previously published instances of CPA to analyze the characteristics of this rare entity. Results As to the five patients, three were female and two were male, between the ages of 4 and 52 years with a mean age of 24.8 ± 20.6 years. The PET results showed that perfusion was decreased over the affected hemispheres in all five patients. As to the treatment, only one patient received encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) revascularization surgery. The other four patients were conservatively observed. During the follow-up period (range 3–6 years, mean 4 ± 1.9 years), the patient who underwent EDAS surgery manifested relief of clinical symptoms. In the conservative series, the symptoms in two patients aggravated and suffered permanent neurologic deficits. Conclusion CPA is a rare entity. Natural history has showed this disease is not stable and may progress at a certain time point. The EDAS procedure may be a treatment for CPA-related oligemia since there is currently little data and follow-up available.
Accuracy of Canadian CT head rule in predicting positive findings on CT of the head of patients after mild head injury in a large trauma centre in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Arab Ala Faisal , Ahmed Muhammad Ejaz , Ahmed Anwar E , Hussein Mohamed Ahmed , Khankan Azzam A , Alokaili Riyadh Nasser 
Published: October 2015

Background Investigation of unjustified computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with minor head injury is lacking in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the compliance and effectiveness of the Canadian computed tomography head rule (CCHR) in our emergency department (ED) and trauma centre and also to reduce the number of unjustified CT studies of the head in the centre. Methods A retrospective study of 368 ED patients with minor head injury was conducted. Patients who underwent CT scan between July 2010 and June 2011were selected from the ED head trauma registry by systematic randomisation. The CCHR was retrospectively applied on the patients’ charts to calculate the prevalence of unjustified head CT scans. A separate survey was conducted to evaluate three emergency physicians’ level of awareness about the CCHR and their ability to determine the necessity of CT scans with various clinical scenarios of head injury. Results The prevalence of unjustified CT scans as per the CCHR was 61.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 56.5–66.9%). Approximately 5% of the sample had positive CT findings with 95% CI 2.9–7.6%. The CCHR correctly identified 12 cases with positive CT findings with 66.67% sensitivity. Only 24 (6.7%) had Glasgow coma scale scores less than 15 (13/14). The Glasgow coma scale correctly identified only two cases with positive CT findings with 11.11% sensitivity. The percentage of skull fracture (0.9% vs 5%, P = 0.030) was significantly lower in patients with unjustified CT scans than in patients with clinically justified CT scans. There was fair to substantial agreement between the ED physicians and the CCHR (κ = 35–61%). Two ED physicians identified all cases of justified CT scan with 100% sensitivity (95% CI 71.51–100%). Conclusion The level of education regarding the CCHR was found to be optimal among emergency physicians using a case-based scenario survey. The CCHR was found to have a poor compliance potential in the busy ED of our trauma centre and the prevalence of unjustified cranial CT scans remained high.
Randomized phase 2 study of obinutuzumab monotherapy in symptomatic, previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Byrd John C. , Flynn Joseph M. , Kipps Thomas J. , Boxer Michael , Kolibaba Kathryn S. , Carlile David J. , Fingerle-Rowson Guenter , Tyson Nicola , Hirata Jamie , Sharman Jeff P. 
Published: October 2015

Key Points
Obinutuzumab monotherapy demonstrates an increased ORR with 2000 mg over 1000 mg, but no difference in progression-free survival. No meaningful difference was observed in the overall safety profile across the 2 treatment arms.
Necrotic platelets provide a procoagulant surface during thrombosis
Authors: Hua Vu Minh , Abeynaike Latasha , Glaros Elias , Campbell Heather , Pasalic Leonardo , Hogg Philip J. , Chen Vivien M. Y. 
Published: October 2015

Key Points
The major subpopulation of platelets involved in thrombus development form via regulated necrosis involving cyclophilin D. Necrotic platelets may be targeted independent of platelet activation.
From reads to regions: a Bioconductor workflow to detect differential binding in ChIP-seq data
Authors: Lun Aaron T. L. , Smyth Gordon K. 
Published: October 2015

Chromatin immunoprecipitation with massively parallel sequencing (ChIP-seq) is widely used to identify the genomic binding sites for protein of interest. Most conventional approaches to ChIP-seq data analysis involve the detection of the absolute presence (or absence) of a binding site. However, an alternative strategy is to identify changes in the binding intensity between two biological conditions, i.e., differential binding (DB). This may yield more relevant results than conventional analyses, as changes in binding can be associated with the biological difference being investigated. The aim of this article is to facilitate the implementation of DB analyses, by comprehensively describing a computational workflow for the detection of DB regions from ChIP-seq data. The workflow is based primarily on R software packages from the open-source Bioconductor project and covers all steps of the analysis pipeline, from alignment of read sequences to interpretation and visualization of putative DB regions. In particular, detection of DB regions will be conducted using the counts for sliding windows from the csaw package, with statistical modelling performed using methods in the edgeR package. Analyses will be demonstrated on real histone mark and transcription factor data sets. This will provide readers with practical usage examples that can be applied in their own studies.
Systematic Risk in Supply Chain Networks
Authors: Osadchiy Nikolay , Gaur Vishal , Seshadri Sridhar 
Published: October 2015

Industrial production output is generally correlated with the state of the economy. Nonetheless, during times of economic downturn, some industries take the biggest hit, whereas at times of economic boom they reap most benefits. To provide insight into this phenomenon, we map supply networks of industries and firms and investigate how the supply network structure mediates the effect of economy on industry or firm sales. Previous research has shown that retail sales are correlated with the state of the economy. Since retailers source their products from other industries, the sales of their suppliers can also be correlated with the state of the economy. This correlation represents the source of systematic risk for an industry that propagates through a supply chain network. Specifically, we identify the following mechanisms that can affect the correlation between sales and the state of the economy in a supply chain network: propagation of systematic risk into production decisions, aggregation of orders from multiple customers in a supply chain network, and aggregation of orders over time. We find that the first effect does not amplify the correlation; however, the latter two intensify correlation and result in the amplification of correlation upstream in supply networks. We demonstrate three managerial implications of this phenomenon: implications for the cost of capital, for the risk-adjusted valuation of supply chain improvement projects, and for supplier selection and risk.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2187 .This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
To Commit or Not to Commit: Revisiting Quantity vs. Price Competition in a Differentiated Industry
Authors: Nasser Sherif , Turcic Danko 
Published: October 2015

Previous studies have shown that quantity commitment by all firms in an industry mitigates price competition. This paper shows that when firms have a choice, asymmetric outcomes can arise, with some firms choosing to commit to a quantity and other firms choosing not to. To study the commitment decision, we analyze a multistage game within a duopoly of differentiated firms à la Hotelling. In the first stage of the game, firms choose whether or not to commit to a quantity. In the second stage, each firm that chose to commit sets a quantity, which represents an upper bound on how much it can sell to consumers. In the third stage, both firms set prices strategically, regardless of whether or not they committed. In the final stage, demand is allocated as consumers maximize their utilities. Firm(s) that chose not to commit to a quantity in the first stage can fulfill any quantity that consumers demand at the equilibrium prices. We find that if product differentiation is sufficiently low, both firms choose to commit to a quantity in equilibrium. This symmetric equilibrium allows both firms to avoid the intense price competition associated with low product differentiation. If the level of differentiation is sufficiently high, the equilibrium in quantity commitment is asymmetric such that one firm chooses to commit and its competitor chooses not to commit. Under this equilibrium, a pricing equilibrium in pure strategies does not exist, only a pricing equilibrium in mixed strategies does, and the equilibrium prices can result in a committed firm not clearing the entire quantity it chose earlier. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Drawing the real and the unknown: A look at a project by Gemma Anderson
Authors: Hernly Kenna 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
From March to November 2015, artist Gemma Anderson hosts the Cornwall Morphology and Drawing Centre (CMADC) at the Cornubian Arts and Science Trust (CAST), Helston, Cornwall. The aim of CMADC is to use drawing as the primary mode of investigation to learn about morphology, the study of form in nature. Through a series of drawing workshops, Anderson and her scientific collaborators identify and address questions that concern both scientific and artistic practice. This text focuses on the second workshop, in which mathematician Professor Alessio Corti worked in collaboration with Anderson to explore ‘Drawing in the Fourth Spatial Dimension’.
Existencillism: Banksy and the stencil as radical graphic form
Authors: Gough Paul 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Contemporary graffiti artists, or ‘writers’ as they are known, observe a strict hierarchy that self-ranks ambition, daring and calligraphic innovation. At the apex are those writers who create the imposing wildstyle exhibition pieces, large-scale vivid inscriptions that require a high degree of graphic invention and daring. At the other extreme are the stencil-cutters, who by comparison are regarded within the peer community of the subculture, as lesser writers, relying on craft skills that are held to be quaint, even fraudulent. This article explores the persistence and ubiquitous spread of the stencil as a vehicle for mass-produced street art, made especially popular through the iconic work of British street-artist Banksy. Exploring the origins of his work in stencil the article examines how he has both radicalized the genre, while still retaining its essential value as an industrial, utilitarian and iconic graphic. The article compares the deadpan, but hugely popular, drawn language of the stencil with the freehand calligraphy of the taggers, ‘kings’ and other exhibition ‘writers’, and closes with a set of questions, in particular: what is the future of drawing in countercultural expression?
Ohn Theology (Holistic Theology)
Authors: Kim Myung Yong 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The theology that had the broadest and strongest influence in Korea was the fundamentalist theology, with HyungRyong Park being the representative figure. Yet Korean theology did not remain in fundamentalism. Cho developed a theology of life different from that of soul-focused fundamentalist theology, and this is seen clearly in his theology of three-fold blessing. He spread a theology that gave hope to the sick and poor in Korea and planted the Yeoido Church that eventually became the largest in the world. However, Cho’s theology has not developed into the theology of the kingdom of God that saves society and history. Minjung Theology, which appeared in the mid-1970, was a theology that fought for justice and democracy. It finally drove out dictatorship and left a major historical achievement of establishing democracy in Korea. A considerable number of Minjung theologians were actively involved in the center of the politics during President Daejung Kim’s administration. However, lacking the doctrines of trinity and atonement and teaching self-salvation, it failed to take root in Korean Churches. Ohn Theology derives from 130 years of Korean theology: it merged out of Park’s soul- and church-centered theology, Cho’s theology of life, and the Korean Minjung Theology’s historical responsible theology, and it blossomed at what is currently Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary. It was based on Luther and on Calvin's Reformed theology and strongly influenced by European theologians like Karl Barth and Jürgen Moltmann as well as the prominent Korean theologian, JongSung Rhee.