bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different seasonal feeding activity of diverse herbivores in two temperate forests
Authors: Lee Jin , Choi Sei‐Woong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to understand the effects of abiotic conditions on seasonal feeding activity of diverse herbivores on the same oak tree species in two different forests. We tracked changes in herbivore feeding activities on an oak tree species (Quercus serrata) in two localities: a low elevation small hillock forest patch (Muan, MN) and a middle elevation mountain forest patch (Mt. Jirisan, JR). A total of five sites were selected in each of two forest localities. Data for leaf expansion, leaf chemical qualities, leaf damage ratio, and numbers of lepidopteran caterpillars were collected during spring (May) and summer (July to August), 2012. Leaf expansion rate was higher at the low hillock forest than the mid‐mountain forest from spring to summer. Nitrogen and carbon content decreased seasonally at both localities. Lepidopteran larval diversity was high in the mid‐mountain forest, and two‐way ANOVA showed that species richness of lepidopteran larvae was significantly affected by the interaction between season and locality. Leaf damage by all herbivores was higher in the low hillock forest than the mid‐mountain forest in spring, but was higher in the mid‐mountain forest in summer. Relative proportion of general herbivores increased from spring to summer in the mid‐mountain forest, but not in the low hillock forest. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination showed that altitude‐ and season‐related variables were significant species and environment interaction factors. Our data indicate that locality and temperature disproportionally affected the feeding activities of diverse herbivores in two different temperate forests.
Temporal changes in benthic macroinvertebrates and their interactions with fish predators after restoration in theCheonggyecheon, a downtown stream inSeoul,Korea
Authors: Choe Lak Jung , Jung Sang Woo , Kim Dong Gun , Baek Min Jeong , Kang Hyo Jeong , Lee Cha Young , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTheCheonggyecheon (Cheonggye stream), a downtown stream inSeoul,Korea, was restored by the historicCheonggyecheon Restoration Project (2003–2005), and its discharge and other environmental conditions are artificially regulated throughout the year. The aim of this study was to assess temporal changes in benthic macroinvertebrates and their interactions with fish predators in theCheonggyecheon. Sampling was conducted twice a year (spring and autumn) at three sections of the stream from 2006 to 2010 using a Surber sampler (50 × 50 cm) for benthic macroinvertebrates and a cast net (mesh size, 10 × 10 mm) and a kick net (mesh size, 5 × 5 mm) for fishes. Analyses of annual precipitation and most water quality parameters showed no significant differences across the study period (P> 0.05). The species richness and density of benthic macroinvertebrates and fishes varied across the sampling period. Analyses of functional feeding groups and trophic guilds showed distinct trends, such as an increase in the number of insectivorous fish in the absence of invertebrate predators. Correlation and regression analyses for five major groups of benthic macroinvertebrates and fishes demonstrated that the density of certain groups of benthic macroinvertebrates (e.g.Tubificidae,Erpobdellidae,Baetidae, andChironomidae) and insectivorous fishes (e.g.Gobioninae,Leuciscinae,Danioninae, andGobiidae) were negatively correlated. In conclusion, in an artificially regulated stream like the restoredCheonggyecheon, where physical environments are nearly unchanged, fish predation can be a major factor controlling benthic macroinvertebrate communities.
Up‐regulation of miR‐21 and miR‐23a Contributes to As2O3‐induced hERG Channel Deficiency
Authors: Zhao Xin , Shi Yuan‐Qi , Yan Cai‐Chuan , Feng Pan‐feng , Wang Xue , Zhang Rui , Zhang Xiao , Li Bao‐Xin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractArsenic trioxide (As2O3) is used to treat acute pro‐myelocytic leukaemia. However, the cardiotoxicity of long QT syndrome restricts its clinical application. Previous studies showed that As2O3 can damage the hERG current via disturbing its trafficking to cellular membrane. Consistent with these findings, in this study, we reported that As2O3 inhibited hERG channel at both protein and mRNA levels and damaged hERG current but did not affect channel kinetics. Further, we demonstrated that As2O3 up‐regulated miR‐21 and miR‐23a expression in hERG‐HEK293 cells and neonatal cardiomyocytes. In addition, knock‐down of miR‐21 by its specific antisense molecules AMO‐21 was able to rescue Sp1 and hERG inhibition caused by As2O3. Consistently, phosphorylation of NF‐κB, the upstream regulatory factor of miR‐21, was significantly up‐regulated by As2O3. This finding revealed that regulation of the NF‐κB‐miR‐21‐Sp1 signalling pathway is a novel mechanism for As2O3‐induced hERG inhibition. Meanwhile, the expression of Hsp90 and hERG was rescued by transfection with AMO‐23a. And the hERG channel inhibition induced by As2O3 was rescued after being transfected with AMO‐23a, which may be a molecular mechanism for the role of As2O3 in hERG trafficking deficiency. In brief, our study revealed that miR‐21 and miR‐23a are involved in As2O3‐induced hERG deficiency at transcriptional and transportational levels. This discovery may provide a novel mechanism of As2O3‐induced hERG channel deficiency, and these miRNAs may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the handling of As2O3 cardiotoxicity.
Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Non‐Lactating Women with Post‐Partum Thyroiditis: The Effect of l‐Thyroxine Treatment
Authors: Krysiak Robert , Kowalska Beata , Okopien Bogusław 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVitamin D deficiency seems to be implicated in the onset and progression of some autoimmune disorders. No previous study has investigated vitamin D homeostasis in post‐partum thyroiditis. We compared 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels between four groups of non‐lactating women who gave birth within 12 months before the beginning of the study: hypothyroid women with post‐partum thyroiditis (group A; n = 14), euthyroid females with post‐partum thyroiditis (group B; n = 14), women with non‐autoimmune hypothyroidism (group C; n = 16) and healthy euthyroid females without thyroid autoimmunity (group D; n = 15). In the second part of the study, groups A and C were treated for 6 months with l‐thyroxine. Serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D were lower, while PTH higher in patients with post‐partum thyroiditis than in patients without thyroid autoimmunity. They were also lower (25‐hydroxyvitamin D) or higher (PTH) in group A than in group B, as well as in group C in comparison with group D. l‐thyroxine treatment increased 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and reduced PTH levels only in hypothyroid women with post‐partum thyroiditis. Baseline levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D correlated with thyroid antibody titres, thyroid function and circulating PTH levels, while the effect of l‐thyroxine on serum levels of this vitamin correlated with the changes in thyroid antibody titres and PTH levels. The results of our study suggest the association of vitamin D status with post‐partum thyroiditis and l‐thyroxine treatment of this disorder.
A single infusion of ketamine improves depression scores in patients with anxious bipolar depression
Authors: Ionescu Dawn F , Luckenbaugh David A , Niciu Mark J , Richards Erica M , Zarate Carlos A 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivePatents with anxious bipolar disorder have worse clinical outcomes and are harder to treat with traditional medication regimens compared to those with non‐anxious bipolar disorder. Ketamine has been shown to rapidly and robustly decrease symptoms of depression in depressed patients with bipolar disorder. We sought to determine whether baseline anxiety status reduced ketamine's ability to decrease symptoms of depression.MethodsThirty‐six patients with anxious (n = 21) and non‐anxious (n = 15) treatment‐resistant bipolar depression (types I and II; concurrently treated with either lithium or valproate) received a single infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) over 40 min. Post‐hoc analyses compared changes in the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) in anxious versus non‐anxious depressed patients with bipolar disorder through 14 days post‐infusion. Anxious bipolar depression was defined as DSM‐IV bipolar depression plus a HDRS Anxiety/Somatization Factor score of ≥ 7.ResultsA linear mixed model revealed a significant effect of anxiety group on the MADRS (p = 0.04) and HDRS (p = 0.04). Significant drug effects (all p < 0.001) suggested that both anxious and non‐anxious groups had an antidepressant response to ketamine. The drug‐by‐anxiety interactions were not significant (all p > 0.28).ConclusionsBoth anxious and non‐anxious patients with bipolar depression had significant antidepressant responses to ketamine, although the anxious depressed group did not show a clear antidepressant response disadvantage over the non‐anxious group. Given that anxiety has been shown to be a predictor of poor treatment response in bipolar depression when traditional treatments are used, our findings suggest a need for further investigations into ketamine's novel role in the treatment of anxious bipolar depression.
Defining contralateral adrenal suppression in primary aldosteronism: implications for diagnosis and outcome
Authors: Kline G.A. , Chin A. , So B. , Harvey A. , Pasieka J.L. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryObjectiveUnilateral primary aldosteronism (PA) should have a contralaterally normal and therefore suppressed adrenal zona glomerulosa. However, there is no validated definition of adrenal suppression. We created two biochemical hypotheses of adrenal suppression based upon measurements taken during adrenal vein sampling (AVS) to determine whether either proved useful for interpretation of AVS or prediction of hypertension outcome in operated cases.DesignRetrospective database analysis.PatientsNinety‐nine cases of PA from a tertiary hypertension unit.MeasurementsHypothesis 1 was the proportional suppression of the uninvolved/lowest adrenalaldo/cortisol to IVCaldo/cortisol ratio pre‐ and post cosyntropin. Hypothesis 2 was the absolute decrease in the uninvolved adrenalaldo/cortisol ratio after cortrosyn injection. ROC analysis performed using lateralization and hypertension resolution as the outcomes of interest.ResultsHypothesis 1 proved highly predictive of lateralization with a ROC AUC of 0·958, P < 0·0001, giving adrenalaldo/cortisol:IVCaldo/cortisol <1·4 as the optimized criterion (sensitivity 90%, specificity 94%). For blood pressure outcomes in the surgical subgroup (n = 52), hypertension resolution was most commonly seen among subjects with adrenal suppression by both definitions although there was significant overlap with subjects requiring ongoing medication.ConclusionsPost cosyntropin suppression of the uninvolved adrenal‐to‐IVC ratio is a highly useful definition of adrenal suppression that accurately predicts unilateral PA. This may be particularly useful in a case where AVS fails to catheterize one of the adrenal veins but suppression is seen on the other side. Adrenal suppression may also predict blood pressure outcome, however, a much larger PA database is likely necessary to determine the relative contribution of this predictor.
Factors influencing severity of peri‐implantitis
Authors: Saaby Martin , Karring Eva , Schou Søren , Isidor Flemming 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo retrospectively assess the influence of potential risk factors, primarily smoking and a prior history of periodontitis, on the severity of peri‐implantitis in patients referred for treatment of peri‐implantitis.Materials and methodsAmong 98 patients referred for treatment of peri‐implantitis, 34 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: one or several implants with peri‐implant marginal bone loss ≥2 mm concomitant with bleeding and/or pus on probing. Information about health status, smoking habits, reason for tooth loss, and performed implant treatment were obtained from the patient charts and interviews. Moreover, a detailed extra‐ and intraoral examination was performed, including intraoral radiographs of all implants. Risk factors were evaluated by a two‐way anova at patient level.ResultsSmoking and a prior history of periodontitis were significant risk factors for increased severity of peri‐implantitis. Furthermore, the presence of both smoking and a prior history of periodontitis did not further increase the severity of peri‐implantitis, as compared to either of these two factors alone. Poor marginal fit of the suprastructure and extensive gingival imitations on implant‐supported fixed full prostheses may also be potential risk factors.ConclusionsThe study indicated that smoking and a prior history of periodontitis were important risk factors for increased severity of peri‐implantitis, while concomitant presence of these two risk factors did not further increase the severity of peri‐implantitis, as compared to either of these two risk factors alone. Therefore, early diagnosis and adequate treatment of peri‐implantitis are important in patients with a prior history of periodontitis and in smokers to minimize the risk of advanced peri‐implantitis in conjunction with focus on known risk factors, including meticulous infection control before implant treatment and a systematic maintenance care program.
The effect of cathepsin K inhibitor on osteoclastic activity compared to alendronate and enamel matrix protein
Authors: Yang Wonkyung , Ko Hyunjung , Kim Heesun , Kim Miri 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackground/AimThere have been several attempts to treat delayed replantation with agents that inhibit root resorption. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cathepsin K inhibitor in inhibiting osteoclastic activity compared to that of alendronate and enamel matrix protein.Materials and methodsMurine RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in the presence of the receptor activator of NF‐kB and lipopolysaccharide, followed by treatment with odanacatib, alendronate, or Emdogain at various concentrations. After drug treatment, an MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity, while reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine the expression levels of interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor‐α. Data were analyzed by one‐way anova and Tukey's post‐hoc test (P < 0.05).ResultsOf all tested agents, Emdogain resulted in the least cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 cells, while 10−9M odanacatib had the largest suppressive effects on the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionsOdanacatib inhibits osteoclastic activity, showing the possibility as a treatment agent for delayed replantation of avulsed teeth.
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children with traumatic dental injuries
Authors: Hergüner Arzu , Erdur Aybuke Emire , Başçiftçi Faruk Ayhan , Herguner Sabri 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to compare the symptoms of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with TDIs withto non‐injured children.Material and methodsChildren between 7 and 16 years old who were admitted to the Selcuk University, Faculty of Dentistry, for treatment of dental trauma were included in the study group (SG). As a control group (CG), children with no reported history of dental trauma were recruited. The Conners' Parent Rating Scale‐Revised: Short Form (CPRS‐R: S) was used to assess ADHD symptoms.ResultsBoth groups, SG and CG, composed of 55 children. There were no significant differences in age, gender, and duration of education between SG and CG. Children with TDIs had significantly higher CPRS‐R: S Hyperactivity scores. Hyperactivity level was positively correlated with the history of previous dental trauma. There were no associations between number of injured teeth, type of injury, and ADHD symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that children with TDIs have more hyperactive symptoms than children without dental trauma. Clinicians should screen ADHD symptoms in children with TDIs and refer them for treatment when necessary.
Analog modulation of spike‐evoked transmission in CA3 circuits is determined by axonal Kv1.1 channels in a time‐dependent manner
Authors: Bialowas Andrzej , Rama Sylvain , Zbili Mickaël , Marra Vincenzo , Fronzaroli‐Molinieres Laure , Ankri Norbert , Carlier Edmond , Debanne Dominique 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSynaptic transmission usually depends on action potentials (APs) in an all‐or‐none (digital) fashion. Recent studies indicate, however, that subthreshold presynaptic depolarization may facilitate spike‐evoked transmission, thus creating an analog modulation of spike‐evoked synaptic transmission, also called analog–digital (AD) synaptic facilitation. Yet, the underlying mechanisms behind this facilitation remain unclear. We show here that AD facilitation at rat CA3–CA3 synapses is time‐dependent and requires long presynaptic depolarization (5–10 s) for its induction. This depolarization‐induced AD facilitation (d‐ADF) is blocked by the specific Kv1.1 channel blocker dendrotoxin‐K. Using fast voltage‐imaging of the axon, we show that somatic depolarization used for induction of d‐ADF broadened the AP in the axon through inactivation of Kv1.1 channels. Somatic depolarization enhanced spike‐evoked calcium signals in presynaptic terminals, but not basal calcium. In conclusion, axonal Kv1.1 channels determine glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time‐dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform.
Treatment of equine intestinal constipation with integrated traditional Chinese and western veterinary medicine
Authors: Liu J. G. , Wu H. X. , Wang D. Y. , Zhang F. , Song D. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryIn April 2011, horses at Nanjing Racecourse were accidentally overdosed with ivermectin deworming powder, mixed into the feed. After 3 days of medication, most of the horses ate feed only and reduced their hay intake significantly. On Days 5–6, 3 Mestizo horses showed discomfort, no appetite, sweating, abdominal enlargement, restlessness, whinnying, pawing the ground and no defaecation. Of the other horses, 4 showed abnormal sweating. Toxic atony of the large intestine was diagnosed. During the initial treatment process, only glucose saline injection was used to strengthen cardiac function and sustain the balance of body fluid. It was given in an enema with liquid paraffin, or drenched with magnesium sulfate and liquid paraffin. However, these treatments failed to cure the horses. One of the most seriously affected horses died the next morning. Then, analgin was injected i.m. and vitamin B1 was injected immediately into bilateral Guanyuanshu acupoints. At the same time, a decoction of Costus root‐Areca reed‐Rhubarb‐Mirabilite powder (CARMP) was given by gavage immediately. Liquorice root was decocted and then the decoction was fed mixed into the feed, at the dosage of 200–300 g per horse, s.i.d., for 3–5 days. One horse died before the integrated treatment but all others horses recovered. Two additional cases were cured with similar treatment.
Deep digital flexor tendon rupture in two horses: A potential complication of comminuted second phalangeal fractures
Authors: Elce Y. A. , Goodrich L. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThis case report describes the history, clinical findings, treatment and outcome of 2 horses with damage and eventual rupture of the deep digital flexor tendon as a result of a comminuted second phalangeal fracture. The rupture of the deep digital flexor tendon complicated the treatment and in one horse contributed to its eventual euthanasia. The athletic outcome was limited in the second case and the lack of palmar soft tissue support likely had a significant effect on the stability and biomechanics of the repair.
Failure rates of class V restorations in the management of root caries in adults – a systematic review
Authors: Hayes Martina , Brady Paul , Burke Francis M. , Allen P. Finbarr 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to compare cumulative failure rates of different restorative materials in carious class V lesions on the root surfaces of adult patients.BackgroundThe prevalence of root caries is set to increase in the coming years as a result of ageing of the population and a concomitant reduction in levels of edentulousness. Evidence is needed to assist practitioners to select the most appropriate restorative material for use in these lesions.MethodsA search of the literature was undertaken using the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and OpenSIGLE using keywords relevant to the search question. Two review authors conducted the electronic search independently, and any conflict was resolved by discussion. The references quoted in the full text articles extracted were hand searched for any further eligible studies.ResultsSixty non‐duplicate citations were screened. Following review of the titles, abstracts, texts and application of the pre‐determined inclusion/exclusion criteria, five studies remained.ConclusionThere is a need for more research in this area as many of the studies identified in this systematic review treated post‐radiation, xerostomic patients which are not typical of the general population. Increased adherence to CONSORT guidelines for reporting is also advised to facilitate future systematic review and meta‐analysis in this area.
Adjunctive glycine powder air‐polishing for the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis: an observational clinical trial
Authors: De Siena F , Corbella S , Taschieri S , Del Fabbro M , Francetti L 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of professional oral hygiene with or without the adjunct of glycine air‐powder system for the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis.MethodsAfter the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were divided in two groups: in control group, patients were treated with professional oral hygiene manoeuvres (POH) while in the test group, glycine air‐powder system (SGA) was adjuncted to professional oral hygiene. Probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline, and 3 and 6 months after the treatment.ResultsA total of 30 patients (15 per group) were selected for the study. In POH e SGA group, PD was, 2.86 ± 0.37 and 3.00 ± 0.36 mm at baseline, 2.90 ± 0.53 and 2.62 ± 0.50 mm after 3 months, 2.96 ± 0.56 and 2.41 ± 0.54 mm after 6 months, respectively, significantly lower in SGA group in the last follow‐up visit. In both groups, both PI and BI decreased over time.ConclusionsThe present reports showed that both techniques were useful for the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis. In the test group (with glycine powder), a significant reduction of probing depth was observed.