bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building imaginary-time thermal field theory with artificial neural networks*
Authors: Xu 徐 Tian 田 , Wang 王 Lingxiao 凌霄 , He 何 Lianyi 联毅 , Zhou 周 Kai 凯 , Jiang 姜 Yin 寅 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a novel approach in quantum field theories to estimate actions using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The actions are estimated by learning system configurations governed by the Boltzmann factor,

, at different temperatures within the imaginary time formalism of thermal field theory. Specifically, we focus on the 0+1 dimensional quantum field with kink/anti-kink configurations to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. Continuous-mixture autoregressive networks (CANs) enable the construction of accurate effective actions with tractable probability density estimation. Our numerical results demonstrate that this methodology not only facilitates the construction of effective actions at specified temperatures but also adeptly estimates the action at intermediate temperatures using data from both lower and higher temperature ensembles. This capability is especially valuable for detailed exploration of phase diagrams.
Albedo of crops as a nature-based climate solution to global warming
Authors: Lei Cheyenne , Chen Jiquan , Ibáñez Inés , Sciusco Pietro , Shirkey Gabriela , Lei Ming , Reich Peter , Robertson G Philip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Surface albedo can affect the energy budget and subsequently cause localized warming or cooling of the climate. When we convert a substantial portion of lands to agriculture, land surface properties are consequently altered, including albedo. Through crop selection and management, one can increase crop albedo to obtain higher levels of localized cooling effects to mitigate global warming. Still, there is little understanding about how distinctive features of a cropping system may be responsible for elevated albedo and consequently for the cooling potential of cultivated lands. To address this pressing issue, we conducted seasonal measurements of surface reflectivity during five growing seasons on annual crops of corn-soybean–winter wheat (Zea mays L.- Glycine max L. Merrill—Triticum aestivum L.; CSW) rotations at three agronomic intensities, a monoculture of perennial switchgrass, and perennial polycultures of early successional and restored prairie grasslands. We found that crop-species, agronomic intensity, seasonality, and plant phenology had significant effects on albedo. The mean ± SD of albedo was highest in perennial crops of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum; 0.179 ± 0.04), intermediate in early successional crops (0.170 ± 0.04), and lowest in a reduced input corn systems with cover crops (0.154 ± 0.02). The strongest cooling potentials were found in soybean (−0.450 kg CO2e m−2 yr−1) and switchgrass (−0.367 kg CO2e m−2 yr−1), with up to −0.265 kg CO2e m−2 yr−1 of localized climate cooling annually provided by different agroecosystems. We also demonstrated how diverse ecosystems, leaf canopy, and agronomic practices can affect surface reflectivity and provide another potential nature-based solution for reducing global warming at localized scales.
Sea-ice-loss slowdown modulates the sea surface salinification in the Kara–Laptev Seas since the 2008 summer
Authors: Yi Daling Li , Fan Ke , He Shengping , Wang Peng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the slowed Arctic sea-ice loss, but its climate effect on the ocean system remains unclear. By examining reanalysis datasets, we illustrate a paradoxical regime shift characterized by sustained ice loss and surface salinification in the Kara–Laptev Seas (KLS) during boreal summer since 2008. A notable phase transition from surface freshening during one period (1997–2008) with rapid sea-ice melting to salinification during another period (2009–2020) with gentle sea-ice melting has been identified in the KLS. Using a mixed-layer salinity budget, we characterized quantitatively the role of ice melting in driving salinification across different seas. We show that the salinification observed post-2008 mainly arises from the weakened summer sea-ice-ocean freshwater input, particularly the localized reduction in ice volume during June–August. This recent salinification in the KLS likely maintains a relatively stable state in the thinner seasonal sea-ice prevailing in the new Arctic.
Dietary Anion Cation Difference in Ration of Transition Cows Kept under KPSBU and KPBS Cooperative Administration
Authors: Despal  , Genuisty H , Jelita E , Farras M N , Afifa N , Martha R. , Harahap A E , Anzhany D. , Rosmalia A , Afnan I M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Transition dairy cows often suffer from hypocalcemia metabolic disorders, commonly known as milk fever. The disorder can be mitigated through DCAD (dietary cation-anion difference) management. DCAD -50 mEq/kg in close-up cow’s ration facilitates Ca bone mobilization, while +50 mEq/kg in fresh cows supports the cow’s health. An explorative study has been conducted to monitor DCAD management of transition cows kept under KPSBU and KPBS cooperatives administration. Thirty dairy farmers in each area were observed for their cows’ DCAD status and performances. Descriptive and correlative statistics were used to characterize averages, ranges, and links between DCAD status and the cow’s performance. The results indicated that Napier grass and concentrate were used as the primary ration with an average proportion of 48% and 52%, respectively. Meanwhile, tofu waste and agriculture by-products were used as complementary feeds. The average ration contains 35% DM, 6.07% ash, 11% CP, 26.17% CF, 52.41% TDN. Only 43.75% in KPSBU and 86.67% in KPBS of pre-partum cows have negative DCAD, while 46.67% and 18.75% of post-partum cows in the consecutive area have positive DCAD. The average milk production was 17 and 14.67 l/day in KPSBU and KPBS, respectively. The occurrence of prepartum metabolic disorder cases was considerably high in both areas, but the post-partum incidence was found more often at KPSBU than at KPBS (46.67% vs 26.67%). The study concludes that the mismanagement of DCAD and feeding prepartum leads to a higher prevalence of metabolic disorders in transition cows and needs to be addressed seriously.
Yield Response and Nutrient Uptake of Shallots by Giving Ameliorants and Actinobacteria in Water Saturated Cultivation in Tidal Land
Authors: Haitami A. , Ghulamahdi Munif , Sopandie Didy , Susila Anas Dinurrohman , Lestari Yulin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of shallots in tidal land needs to be carried out considering the availability of land and the demand for shallots, which continues to increase, so it is necessary to develop suboptimal land. Adaptive shallot varieties and soil and water management are key to agricultural cultivation in tidal swamps. This research aimed to elucidate the production of Shallot of the Bima Brebes, Batu Ijo, and SS Sakato varieties through water-saturated cultivation in tidal land. This research was conducted in the tidal area of Mulyasari Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, from April to June 2023. This study used a 2-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the use of varieties (V): the Bima Brebes variety, the Batu Ijo variety, and the SS Sakato variety. The second factor was the applications of ameliorants and actinobacteria by coating (A): without ameliorants, actinobacteria, actinobacteria + manure, actinobacteria + manure + dolomite. The treatment combinations totalled 12 and were repeated three times, so there were 36 experimental units. The highest shallot productivity was obtained in treating actinobacteria + chicken manure + dolomite for the Bima Brebes variety, namely 8.42 tonnes/ha. Providing actinobacterial-enriched ameliorant affects the nutrient uptake of N, P, and K. Fe and Al can be chelated by providing actinobacterial-enriched ameliorant so that shallots can produce quite good production in tidal fields with water-saturated cultivation varieties.
The potential of velvet bean tempe to improve hematology and serum biochemical profiles in experimental rats
Authors: Damayanti A F , Astawan M , Wresdiyati T , Sardjono R E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Indonesia, tempe is the second largest source of protein after rice. The main raw material for tempe is soybean, of which 70% is still obtained through imports. This has encouraged the necessity to explore Indonesia’s indigenous legume products. Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens L.) contains several bioactive components, is rich in minerals, and is composed of essential and non-essential amino acids, as well as essential and non-essential fatty acids. This study aimed to explore the potential of velvet beans as a substitute ingredient in tempe production. Parameters of serum biochemical profile and blood hematology of rats were used as scientific evidence that can support the purpose of this study. Protein quality was analyzed using the growth method in experimental rats. Three types of tempe were used as protein sources, namely soybean tempe (SBT), velvet bean tempe (VBT), and velvet bean-soybean combination tempe (VB-SBT). Protein quality analysis results show that VB-SBT has FCE, growth rate, and NPR values that were as good (p>0.05) as SBT. Analysis results of serum biochemical and hematological profiles indicate no abnormalities in rats fed with VB-SBT. These results suggest that the substitution of soybean with velvet bean can be applied in the tempe production process.
Rainfall anomaly response to ENSO and IOD teleconnections in the CORDEX-SEA simulations
Authors: Aminoto T , Faqih A , Koesmaryono Y , Dasanto B D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the relationships between rainfall anomalies in Southeast Asia region and ENSO-IOD teleconnections in the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment–Southeast Asia (CORDEX-SEA) multi-model simulations. The assessment process employed various statistical parameters, including standard deviation ratio, correlation, wavelet, and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The method involved a statistical comparison of Niño3.4 index measured from the models to the observations, spatial correlation of simulated precipitation anomalies with Niño3.4 index measured from the observations and from the models, and correlation between the first leading principal component of Niño3.4 with rainfall time-series. The same procedures were applied for IOD index. ERA5 and GPCP rainfall, and COBE sea-surface temperature datasets were used as references of comparison. The results showed that SEA rainfall anomalies in most CORDEX-SEA models displayed a varied response to Niño3.4 and IOD index. NorESM1-d model followed by GFDL-b exhibited the highest similarity to references (ERA5 and GPCP) in capturing SEA rainfall-Niño3.4/IOD connectivity.
The application of local probiotics on the organoleptic qualities of fermented sausages made from a combination of beef and jack bean flour
Authors: Lukman G L M , Arief I I , Wiryawan I K G , Budiman C , Abidin Z , Akbar M P R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Fermented sausage is produced from beef and jack bean flour. Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 was employed as a starter culture. This study aimed to assess the organoleptic properties and physical attributes of fermented sausages. Three replications of a completely randomized design were employed in this study. Fermented sausages were divided into two groups: P0 as a control (without starter culture) and P1 with 5% L. plantarum IIA-1A5. Examination of the physical properties of the fermented sausage samples, including emulsion stability, pH, aw, and water absorption capacity. The organoleptic qualities of the fermented sausage sandwiches were evaluated in terms of color, aroma, texture and taste. The study findings demonstrated that the addition of 5% L. plantarum IIA-1A5 influenced pH value and water absorption capacity without altering other physical and organoleptic properties.
A Survey of Digital Nudges for Fostering Responsible Consumption Behavior in Indonesia Digital Services
Authors: Asfarian A , Ramadhan D A , Sukmasetya P , Byputra F , Siregar R S , Ridha A , Kusumah F S F 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Digital nudging is a promising method to promote responsible consumption habits in Indonesian society. This research aims to address a significant gap in knowledge about the adaptation and successful use of nudging techniques. This survey covers 15 of Indonesia’s most commonly used digital services, such as super applications, transport and navigation, shopping, food and drink, and grocery. The study identifies 16 digital nudges in these services, showing a notable trend in environmental efforts in the super app. These digital services include carbon offsetting, electric vehicle usage, recycling services, and reducing single-use cutlery. The study examines social responsibility methods on different platforms, such as promoting paperless transactions, environmental initiatives, and encouraging donations for social causes. The survey suggests incorporating digital nudges in transport, navigation services, shopping, and food and drink. This indicates a need for more implementation of digital nudges or a potential area for advancement in specific industries. Digital platforms are increasingly incorporating sustainability and social responsibility into their operations. The report ends with suggestions for future research, namely focusing on categorizing digital nudges, quantifying their utilization, and evaluating their influence on user behaviour.
Investigating Interest in Applying Computer Science for Agriculture Digitalization using the Individual Interest Questionnaire: A Survey to Computer Science Student
Authors: Asfarian A , Ridha A , Ramadhan D A , Giri E P , Sukmasetya P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study explores how computer science students might utilize their talents to digitize the agriculture sector, aiming to enhance sustainable output and eliminate hunger. This study comprehensively analyzes 126 undergraduate students at IPB University using the Individual Interest Questionnaire technique. The poll showed that students have a modest interest in agriculture (rated 3.31 out of 5.00). However, their involvement with agricultural themes outside the classroom, like reading or viewing relevant media, is far below. Students are enthusiastic about case studies involving the application of computer science in agriculture in academic contexts (3.05). However, they are less interested in agriculture as a personal or career option (2.31 and 2.50, respectively). The results indicate that although computer science is appreciated in the digitalization of agriculture, students are more inclined towards academic curiosity rather than personal passion or professional aspirations in agriculture. The survey shows that students have a reasonable interest in agricultural issues, although participation in extracurricular agriculture-related activities may be significantly increased. The report suggests strategies for increasing involvement in higher education, such as introducing agri-tech courses, collaborating with industry, encouraging research, organizing contests, and promoting the integration of computer science with agriculture.
Effect of Cupric-Doped SrTiO3 Films on Optical Properties Using Spectrophotometry Method
Authors: Santi M A , Har N P , Jenie R P , Siskandar R , Syafutra H , Pratama E , Negara T P , Setiawan A A , Alatas H , Irzaman  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Film Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) doping cupric (Cu2+) with various concentrations (0%, 0.5%, and 1%) was successfully synthesized using the Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method. The films were deposited above the Si type-p (1 0 0) substrate in five layers using a spin-coating technique (3000 rpm, for 60 s) at a concentration of 2 M. The annealing process was held at 850 °C for 8 hours with a temperature increase rate of 1.67 °C/min for crystallization, and the optical properties were characterized using spectrophotometric methods. The results of FTIR with the Kramers-Kroning quantitative method showed a decrease in the wavenumber of the phonon vibration mode Transverse Optic (TO), Longitudinal Optic (LO), and the intersection of the real and imaginary dielectrics, which showed a red shift with increasing Cu concentration. The optical properties of SrTiO3 films doped with Cu indicate their potential for applications in visible light photoconduction, such as light sensors.
Isolation of monosodium L-glutamate from chicken feather as a sweet sauce flavor
Authors: Wahdi E , Sjarief R , Mulatsih S , Tanjung D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chicken feathers have a high protein content and glutamic acid that have the potential as a savory flavor (umami) in foodstuffs. The objective of this research is to isolate glutamic acid from chicken feathers to enhance the flavor of sweet sauce. Fifty grams of chicken feathers were hydrolyzed in 1000 ml NaOH 1.0%. The resulting hydrolysate underwent two treatments: 200 ml hydrolysate added with 100 ml keratinase 1% (P1) and 200 ml hydrolysate added with 100 ml pineapple extract (P2). Both treatments were incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. A total of 300 ml products from both treatments were added to a mixture containing 750 g/l palm sugar, 25 g/l NaCl, and 37.5 g/l spices, then cooked for 10 minutes at 100°C. The resulting sauce was analyzed for glutamic acid content using HPLC method. The research indicated that 16.8% yield of glutamic acid can be isolated from hydrolyzed chicken feathers. Sweet sauce products P1 and P2 contain glutamic acid at 0.30% and 0.39%, and monosodium L-glutamate at 0.04% each. In conclusion, 16.8% glutamic acid can be extracted from chicken feathers and this product has proven to be suitable as a savory (umami) flavor enhancer for sweet sauce.
Quantification of Water Balance of Terraced Paddy Field in Northern Bali by Using Remote Monitoring
Authors: Saptomo S K , Setiawan B I , Arif C , Purwanto M Y J , Shinogi Y , Kubota J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study is part of a sustainable water management research project, which explores how to manage water and land resources in a holistic way and enhance the interactions between humans, water and land. The objective of this research is the quantification of water balance in a terraced paddy field in mid-stream Saba Watershed, situated in the northern Bali, Indonesia, by using internet of things based remote monitoring. Observation was conducted by implementing monitoring system of weather, soil and water environment at a terraced paddy field. Water balance components values were determined by carefully analyzing observation data including soil moisture, rainfall, evapotranspiration, water level or water table, and then used to determined losses through seepage and percolation. Further, by examining the water balance and field data visually observed by remote camera data of site activity, the annual water balance quantity and water productivity of the site was estimated. The water balance components of rainfall, net Q, percolation, ET and field water storage change are : 7061mm, 2215mm, 7456mm, 1761mm and 60mm. Using 3 definitions for water productivity, the values are 0.887 kg/m3 (ET based), 0.230 kg/m3 (net Q based) and 0.145 kg/m3 (net Q + rainfall based).
Evaluation of Secang Wood Extract on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Food Supplement from Tuna Eyes Oil Emulsion
Authors: Sinulingga F , Trilaksani W , Safitri U D , Riyanto B , Fauziah S , Utami R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Fish oil from tuna processing by-products such as eyes is a major source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, ensuring the preservation of fish oil from oxidation in food necessitates the inclusion of antioxidants. Secang wood is well-known for its potent antioxidant properties. This study uses a mixture design method to evaluate food supplements made from tuna eye oil and secang wood extract. The research encompasses an examination of secang wood, tuna eye, tuna oil properties, and formulation characteristics optimized through mixture design. The analysis uncovered that tuna eyes oil contains an impressive 32.12% of DHA. Extract from the secang wood demonstrates an antioxidant activity of 5.08±0.21 ppm and a total phenol value of 2165.80±0.14 mg GAE/g. The ideal formulation consists of 39.98% tuna eyes oil, 21.68% secang wood, and 38.33% guar gum, resulting in a peroxide value inhibition of 63.72%. The most favorable pH and viscosity levels are attained at 3.10 and 478.76 cPs, respectively, with laboratory results closely matching at 3.27±0.9 for pH, 479±2.83 cPs for viscosity, and a DHA content of 5.63%. Notably, a 0.8% concentration of secang extract exhibits superior peroxide value inhibition compared to 0.2% ascorbic acid, highlighting its potential to enhance the quality of emulsion food supplements.
Optimization of pulsed electric field design for seafood products with salting process
Authors: Darmawan A , Wulandari N , Nurjanah S , Tri Sugiarto A , Kusumaningrum H D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Optimization of pulsed electric field (PEF) design is required for each type of seafood sample processed by the salting process. In this study, the design of the pulsed electric field used the trial and error method to determine the electric field generated by the electrodes to obtain valid values. The appropriate size and design of the components were also determined to meet sufficient reliability. The device was tested for conductivity in salt solutions of 5% (m/v) low, 15% (m/v) medium, and 20% (m/v) high and compared with aquades. The results showed that the salt content affected the conductivity measured at the cathode with a test time of 10 seconds to 30 seconds for each salt content. Reliability tests showed that the ignition coils and transistors used at the time of stage 2 design can operate properly for up to 100 minutes. However, if used for up to 120 minutes, it is damaged, so an evaluation is carried out to get a good PEF final design. The final design has a simple size and electrical output of 50 kV with a frequency of 10-1000 Hz.
Optimization of Chlorophyll Extraction from Dried Spirulina platensis Using Low Power Microwave Assisted Extraction Method
Authors: Orthesin N , Hidayat I T , Wahyuni W T , Syafitri U D , Herbani Y , Sari Y W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chlorophyll extraction using the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method has several advantages such as fast, cost-effective, and able to result higher chlorophyll yield than any other extraction methods. Despite its numerous advantages, MAE method still suffers from a drawback related to the excessive heat generated by high power, leading to potential damage and a degradation chlorophyll yield. This research was conducted to evaluate the optimum formulation parameters for chlorophyll extraction using the Low Power Microwave Assisted Extraction (LP-MAE) method. The chlorophyll of dried Spirulina platensis was extracted following the I-optimal design. Extraction parameters to be optimized include the solvent type, soaking time, the power of microwave irradiation, and the solid-to-solvent ratio. The response parameters to be evaluated include the yield, viscosity, and total dissolved solids (TDS). We found that the highest yield of 5045.7 μg chlorophyll/g biomass was obtained from 90% methanol extraction following 1 h of soaking, irradiation power of 40 W for 5 mins, at the ratio of 1:20 (m/v). Under this condition, we observed that the viscosity of the solution was 7.6 x 10−3 Nms−2, and the total dissolved solid was 32 ppmml−1. In conclusion, chlorophyll is very susceptible to high temperatures, can be extracted using the Low Power Microwave Assisted Extraction (LP-MAE) method.