bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Endodontic Practices among Dentists in Nigeria
Authors: Jafarzadeh Hamid , Udoye Christopher I , Sede Matthew A , Abbott Paul V 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
To investigate the pattern of routine endodontic practices among Nigerian dentists.

Materials and methods
This study was a questionnaire-based survey of samples of dentists in the Nigerian cities of Enugu and Benin. The self-administered questionnaire contained 25 close-ended questions with multiple choice options. The data collected included demographic details of respondents, root canal preparation techniques, irrigants and intracanal medicaments used, the number of appointments, method of working length determination, root filling techniques, cements used, and the scope of treatment performed.

Results
Most respondents used sodium hypochlorite as the irrigant, the step back technique for canal preparation, and lateral condensation with a zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealer for obturation. Most respondents did root canal treatment on all types of teeth and used radiographs to determine the working length 70% of the time. Most respondents followed up their patients for less than 12 months and most treated teeth with periapical areas larger than 10 mm by root canal therapy combined with apical surgery.

Conclusion
Most Nigerian dentists use step back technique for canal preparation and lateral condensation for obturation.

Clinical significance
Endodontic practice by Nigerian dentists differs from some established practice quality guidelines in many other countries, particularly in nonperfusion of modern techniques into practice, popularity of antibiotic use for endodontic emergencies and a high rate of perforations.

How to cite this article
Udoye CI, Sede MA, Jafarzadeh H, Abbott PV. A Survey of Endodontic Practices among Dentists in Nigeria. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):293-298.
Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorder: As an Occupational Hazard in Dentistry
Authors: Gopinadh Anne , Devi Kolli Naga Neelima , Chiramana Sandeep , Manne Prakash , Sampath Anche , Babu Muvva Suresh 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are commonly experienced in dentistry. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of ergonomics and MSDs among dental professionals.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 170 dentists of different specialties. The questionnaire gathered information regarding demographic details, MSDs, work duration, working status, awareness of ergonomics, etc. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0. Student's t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for comparison in mean scores. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the independent variables that significantly influenced the variance in the dependent variable (pain).

Results
It was found that 73.9% of the participants reported musculoskeletal pain and most common painful sites were neck and back. More than half of the participants, i.e. 232 (59.3%) were aware of correct ergonomic posture regarding dental. Almost percentage of pain increased significantly with increase in age and working time. Among all specialties, prosthodontics were found to have more prevalence of MSDs.

Clinical significance
The appearance of musculoskeletal symptoms among dental professionals was quite common. It suggested that ergonomics should be covered in the educational system to reduce risks to dental practitioners.

How to cite this article
Gopinadh A, Devi KNN, Chiramana S, Manne P, Sampath A, Babu MS. Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorder: As an Occupational Hazard in Dentistry. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):299-303.
Heritability of Thirty Cephalometric Parameters on Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: Twin Study Method
Authors: Reddy T Praveen Kumar , Kumar B Sunil , Sreedevi Gojja , Srinivas Baratam , Prasad CMS Krishna , Satish R 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
Genetic mechanisms are already predominant during embryonic craniofacial morphogenesis, but environment is also thought to influence dentofacial morphology postnatally, particularly during facial growth. A better understanding of the relative effects of genes and environment on dentofacial and occlusal parameters should improve our knowledge on the etiology of orthodontic disorders and therefore also on the possibilities and limitations of the orthodontic treatment and treatment planning. The aim of the present study is to explore the genetic and environmental influence on craniofacial dimensions in a group of 19 pairs of twins using the twin study method. The twin study carried out here clearly indicates that craniofacial matrix is under substantial genetic control and the redirection of a basic growth pattern may be modified only within biological limits which are harmonious for the patient.

How to cite this article
Sreedevi G, Srinivas B, Reddy TPK, Prasad CMSK, Kumar BS, Satish R. Heritability of Thirty Cephalometric Parameters on Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: Twin Study Method. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14(2):304-311.
Influence of Artificial Aging in Marginal Adaptation of Mixed Class V Cavities
Authors: Tonetto Mateus Rodrigues , de Andrade Marcelo Ferrarezi , Pinto Shelon Cristina Souza , Borges Alvaro Henrique , Lima Darlon Martins , Bandéca Matheus Coelho , de Oliveira Barud Hélida Gomes , de Campos Edson Alves 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the artificial aging by thermal cycling had influenced the marginal adaptation of class V restorations with/without chlorhexidine application in the bond process. Twelve intact human third molars were used. Class V cavity preparations were performed on the buccal surface and the teeth received 35% phosphoric acid-etching procedure (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, Utah, USA). Subsequently, the samples were divided in two groups: Untreated acid-etched dentin and chlorhexidine application as an adjunct in the bond process. The adhesive Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) was used after 2% chlorhexidine application, and the restorations were performed with FiltekTM Z350 XT (3M ESPE) composite resin. The specimens were submitted to artificial aging by thermal cycling with 3,000 cycles. Analyzes were performed on scanning electron microscopy using replicas of marginal adaptation in percentage of continuous margin before and after the artificial aging. The data were analyzed by paired test and the results showed statistically significant differences in the percentage of continuous margin with/without chlorhexidine treatment before and after thermal cycling. This study concluded that the artificial aging by thermal cycling influenced the marginal adaptation of mixed class V composite restorations.

How to cite this article
Tonetto MR, Bandéca MC, de Oliveira Barud HG, Pinto SCS, Lima DM, Borges AH, de Campos EA, de Andrade MF. Influence of Artificial Aging in Marginal Adaptation of Mixed Class V Cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):316-319.
Multidisciplinary Management of a Child with Severe Open Bite and Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Millet Catherine , Duprez Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
To present a case of multidisciplinary management and fixed rehabilitation of a young girl with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), a severe open bite and occlusal instability.

Background
AI is a genetic disorder characterized by enamel malformations, disturbances in tooth eruption and significant attrition. Early diagnosis is essential, since rapid breakdown of tooth structure may occur, giving rise to acute symptoms and complicated treatment. As AI is frequently accompanied by unesthetic appearance, open bite deformity and malocclusion, a multidisciplinary approach is often required.

Case report
This clinical report describes the condition and presents the case of a 10-year-old girl with hypocalcified form of AI. Orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery were performed as part of the prosthetic treatment plan to achieve acceptable and durable results. They consisted of correcting class II, posterior crossbite and anterior open bite with a fixed orthodontic appliance, Lefort I osteotomy, bilateral mandibular ramus osteotomy and genioplasty. Prosthodontics treatment consisted of metal-ceramic crowns with low-fusing ceramic for good long-term results. No deterioration in the rehabilitation was found after 5 years of follow-up.

Conclusion
Complete restoration of severe AI is a long and complex process generally extending over several years.

Clinical significance
This article shows the important role of interdisciplinary approach to treating a patient with AI over a period of 8 years.

How to cite this article
Millet C, Duprez JP. Multidisciplinary Management of a Child with Severe Open Bite and Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2): 320-326.
Interdisciplinary Treatment of an Adolescent with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Sudhakar P , Adusumilli Sai Prakash , Mummidi Bhaskar , Reddy KV Baburam , Rao CH Hanumantha , Raju BH V Rama Krishnam 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present case report describes the importance of interdisciplinary approach and gives an understanding on management of an adolescent with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Background
Failure of fusion between medial nasal process and maxillary process or between the palatal process leads to the formation of clefts. Clefts are result of genetic or environmental factors or a combination of both. Common dental problems associated with clefts includes anterior and posterior crossbites, hypodontia, malformation and abnormal eruption pattern.

Case report
A girl, aged 15 years reported with a chief complaint of unesthetic appearance of her maxillary anterior teeth. She had unilateral cleft lip and palate and had received cheiloplasty and palatoplasty when she was in young age and rhinoplasty when she was 14 years of age. At pretreatment evaluation, she had concave profile with maxillary arch constriction and oroantral fistula and mesially tipped maxillary left canine.

Conclusion
This patient's treatment was unconventional, but it was successful in significantly improving her masticatory function and smile, along with favorable dental and facial results. Generalized esthetics and function were significantly improved in this patient without orthognathic surgery, and treatment results were stable 3 years after the appliance removal.
Clinical considerations, sequencing of treatment phases as shown in this case report can be utilized while treating an adolescent with cleft lip and palate.

Clinical significance
If the skeletal discrepancy is mild and esthetic concerns are minimal, dental compensation by orthodontic treatment alone might be recommended. The cephalometric analysis and prediction tracings provide further information for deciding whether a patient can be treated by orthodontics alone, or by orthodontics and an orthognathic surgical procedure.
A change in axial inclination of the teeth can camouflage the skeletal relationship adequately. However, one should be cautious in a growing patient, because he or she might outgrow the dental correction so that ultimately skeletal surgery would be indicated.

How to cite this article
Adusumilli SP, Sudhakar P, Mummidi B, Reddy KVB, Rao CHH, Raju BHVRK. Interdisciplinary Treatment of an Adolescent with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):332-338.
Sialolithiasis in the Duct of Submandibular Gland: A Case Report in Patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Primo Bruno Tochetto , da Costa Delson João , Stringhini Diego José , Rebellato Nelson Luis Barbosa , de Moraes Rafaela Scariot , Müller Paulo Roberto , Carneiro Vera Lúcia 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
To describe the options of treatment to remove a sialolith associated with the submandibular gland duct in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa (EB).

Background
Treatment of patients with EB is very complex and involves a multidisciplinary team. This condition is characterized by a spectrum of blistering and mechanical fragility of the skin. One main feature of this disease is the esophageal constriction and possible constriction to the submandibular duct. This alteration may induce the formation of calculi in this duct, which is called sialolith. Once the sialolith obliterates the trajectory of the duct this will lead to a sialolithiasis. The calculi have to be removed.

Case report
Seventeen years old female patient with dystrophic EB developed a sialolith at the submandibular duct. She has a limited mouth opening and her tongue was collapsed with mouth floor. The first choice of treatment was the lithotripsy, once this procedure is less invasive and a surgical remove could worse the collapsed tongue. She was with acute pain and with a great augmentation in the submandibular area. Once the patient was debilitated and has difficult to swallow she invariably needed to be hospitalized in order to receive intravenous medication. During the hospitalization the sialolith could be seen through the opening of the duct and the calculi was removed with local anesthesia.

Conclusion
The treatment of sialolithiasis usually does not present major challenges, nevertheless if the sialolithiasis is associated with EB, the treatment became an extremely challenge. In this particular case the option of treatment was the less invasive.

Clinical relevance
This case report has an enormous clinical relevance once there is no protocol to treat patients with EB and buccal diseases.

How to cite this article
Primo BT, da Costa DJ, Stringhini DJ, Rebellato NLB, de Moraes RS, Müller PR, Carneiro VL. Sialolithiasis in the Duct of Submandibular Gland: A Case Report in Patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):339-344.
Endodontic Treatment of a Maxillary Central Incisor with Two Roots
Authors: Jafarzadeh Hamid , Maghsoudlou Amir , Forghani Maryam 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
This clinical report presents a rare case of maxillary central incisor with two separate roots.

Background
Unusual morphology of the roots and root canals may exist in any tooth. Recognition of the dental anatomy and its variations is necessary for successful endodontic therapy. It is well known that maxillary incisors are usually single-rooted teeth.

Case report
The root canals were instrumented with conventional hand files and Gates Glidden and obturated by using the lateral technique. Recall radiograph after 1 year shows the healing process of the preoperative apical periodontitis.

Conclusion and clinical significance
Clinicians should be aware of unexpected root canal morphology when performing root canal therapy. The present case demonstrated the importance of accurate preoperative radiograph and adequate access preparation.

How to cite this article
Maghsoudlou A, Jafarzadeh H, Forghani M. Endodontic Treatment of a Maxillary Central Incisor with Two Roots. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):345-347.
Esthetic Dentistry in Patients with Bilaterally Missing Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A Multidisciplinary Case Report
Authors: Reddy KV Baburam , Rao CH Hanumantha , Mummidi Bhaskar , Prasanna A Laxmi , Vijay M , Raju MAKV 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors pose a difficult esthetic and treatment planning problem for clinicians. Age, location, space limitations, alveolar ridge deficiencies, uneven gingival margins, occlusion and periodontal factors often necessitate an interdisciplinary approach. Over the last several decades, dentistry has focused various treatment modalities for replacement of missing teeth. Treatment plans for patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors have traditionally included either space closure or space reopening. To remove healthy tooth structure of adjacent teeth to replace a tooth, for some patients and dentists, is a very aggressive treatment option which eliminates the option of three unit bridges. Removable partial dentures are also not preferred for its bulkiness and reduced esthetics. Presently, the single implant supported crown is a predictable method of tooth replacement in adolescents. The aim of this case report is to provide a conservative method for the management of bilateral missing lateral incisor.

How to cite this article
Mummidi B, Rao CHH, Prasanna AL, Vijay M, Reddy KVB, Raju MAKV. Esthetic Dentistry in Patients with Bilaterally Missing Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A Multidisciplinary Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):348-354.
Protective Effect of Melatonin Against Malathion Induced Alterations in Antioxidant Defense System and Morphology of Erythrocytes in Wistar Rats
Authors: G.K. Bhatti  , I.P.S. Sidhu  , J.S. Bhatti  
Published: June 2013

Malathion intoxication has been shown to produce oxidative stress due to the generation of free radicals and alter the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes. Previous studies have shown the ameliorative role melatonin against oxidative stress induced by generation of free radicals. Present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of melatonin against malathion induced oxidative stress. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control; Melatonin (10mg/Kg body weight) group; Malathion (250mg/Kg body weight) treated group; Malathion + Melatonin treated group. Animals were administered an acute dose of malathion orally. The result of this study shows that in vivo administration of malathion caused inhibition in AChE activity in erythrocytes. Malathion intoxication also significantly increased the oxidative damage as evidenced by increased level of LPO and GSH content. The Inhibition of GSH level and increased lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes was relieved in malathion + melatonin group. Enhanced activities of SOD, CAT, GR and GPx were observed in erythrocytes of malathion treated rats as compared to control group. Moreover, melatonin supplementation in malathion treated rats maintain normal level of antioxidant enzymes as compared to malathion treated rats which indicates that melatonin provide protection against malathion-induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes. No significant change in the membrane bound enzymes such as Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase was observed in malathion intoxicated rats. Findings of scanning electron micrographs of erythrocytes revealed that both the malathion treated and malathion+melatonin treated groups exhibited morphological changes in erythrocytes. However, concomitant melatonin supplementation normalized the morphological alterations in erythrocytes induced by malathion toxicity. In conclusion, melatonin supplementation may ameliorate malathion-induced oxidative imbalance by enhancing the glutathione level, reducing lipid peroxidation and normalizing antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes.
Self‐Assembled HYP Liposome Nanoparticles Promote Diabetic Wound Healing by Regulating the Polarization of M1 Macrophages
Authors: Hou Bao , Zhang Shijie , Wen Yuanyuan , Xu Anjing , Zhu Xuexue , Cai Weiwei , Zhou Yuetao , Qiu Liying , Sun Haijian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSuppression of the polarization of M1 macrophages is crucial for promoting diabetic wound healing. Hypahorine (HYP), a small molecule alkaloid compound with anti‐inflammatory properties, is encapsulated in liposome nanospheres (HYP‐INPS) using a one‐step ultrasound method and applied to treat open wounds in diabetic rats. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that HYP‐INPS nanoparticles are spherical and coated with a lipid layer. ZetaPALS analysis demonstrated that HYP‐INPS has a potential of ‐15.67 ± 2.58 mV and a size of 212.87 ± 13.34 nm. In vitro, confocal microscopy revealed the cellular uptake of HYP‐INPS in macrophages. Flow cytometry showed that HYP‐INPS inhibited the polarization of bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) to the M1 phenotype. In vivo, HYP‐INPS promoted diabetic wound healing by improving the inflammatory microenvironment within wounds. Immunofluorescence revealed that HYP‐INPS up‐regulated the expression of M2 macrophages and down‐regulated the expression of M1 macrophages at the wound site. Transcriptome sequencing showed that HYP‐INPS treatment specifically up‐regulated ASB10 expression in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells. Loss‐of‐function or gain‐of‐function experiments confirmed the regulatory role of ASB10 in M1 macrophage polarization. Therefore, HYP‐INPS targeted ASB10 is concluded to accelerate wound healing in diabetes by inhibiting the polarization of M1 macrophages and improving the inflammatory microenvironment. This newly developed HYP‐INPS system holds promise as a potential treatment for diabetic wounds.
Risk factors for serious postoperative complications following gastrectomy in super‐elderly patients ≥85‐years‐old with gastric cancer: A National Clinical Database study in Japan
Authors: Ueda Yoshitake , Nishimura Shiori , Inomata Masafumi , Akagi Tomonori , Shiroshita Hidefumi , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Takiguchi Shuji , Sakai Yoshiharu , Kumamaru Hiraku , Ueno Hideki , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the technical safety and feasibility of gastrectomy for super‐elderly patients ≥85‐y‐old with gastric cancer and to clarify the risk factors for serious postoperative complications in these patients.MethodsBetween 2017 and 2020, 10,203 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy (DG) and 2580 patients who underwent total gastrectomy (TG) were reviewed from the Japanese National Clinical Database. All possible preoperative factors were used to explore the risk factors for serious postoperative complications in the super‐elderly patients with gastric cancer.ResultsFor DG, the operative mortality rate was 1.6% (162 patients), and the rate of serious postoperative complications was 7.8% (796 patients). Similarly, the mortality rate was 2.6% (67 patients), and the rate of serious complications was 11.3% (292 patients) for TG. Based on multivariate analysis, body mass index (≥25 kg/m2), activities of daily living (ADL) (partially dependent), ASA‐PS (Grade ≥3), dyspnea, ascites, history of cerebrovascular disease, serum albumin (<4 g/dL), and creatinine (>1.2 mg/dL) in DG, and ADL (partially dependent), ASA‐PS (Grade ≥3), previous percutaneous coronary intervention, dialysis, WBC (>9000 μL), and AST (>35 IU/L) in TG were strong risk factors for serious postoperative complications.ConclusionsThe study findings suggest that gastrectomy for super‐elderly gastric cancer patients is relatively safe and feasible. Surgeons need to pay special attention to physical status and past medical history than tumor factors for preventing serious postoperative complications in super‐elderly gastric cancer patients.
Interaction of Hermite–Gaussian Beams with a Macroscopic Atomic Target
Authors: Ramakrishna S. , Wu Z. W. , Maiorova A. V. , Fritzsche S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA theoretical analysis is presented on the photoexcitation of a macroscopic atomic target by a Hermite–Gaussian (HG) beam within the framework of density matrix theory. Special emphasis is paid to the influence of the incoming HG mode on the population of an excited state and the emitted fluorescence radiation. In particular, a general expression for the alignment parameter of the excited state is derived, which depends on the beam parameters of the HG mode. Although the developed theory can be applied to any atomic system, here the electric dipole transition in neutral sodium atoms is investigated when driven by three , and modes. For this optical (valence‐shell) excitation, it is demonstrated that the population of the excited state is sensitive to the beam waist and the mode index of the HG beam. Furthermore, the influence of beam parameters on the angular distribution and linear polarization of the emitted fluorescence radiation is discussed.